assignment operator in vb

VB .NET Language in a Nutshell by Steven Roman PhD

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Assignment Operators

Along with the equal operator, there is one assignment operator that corresponds to each arithmetic and concatenation operator. Its symbol is obtained by appending an equal sign to the arithmetic or concatenation symbol.

The arithmetic and concatenation operators work as follows. They all take the form:

where <operator> is one of the arithmetic or concatenation operators. This is equivalent to:

To illustrate, consider the addition assignment operator. The expression:

is equivalent to:

which simply adds 1 to x. Similarly, the expression:

which concatenates the string "end" to the end of the string s.

All of the “shortcut” assignment operators—such as the addition assignment operator or the concatenation assignment operator—are new to VB .NET.

The assignment operators are:

The equal operator, which is both an assignment operator and a comparison operator. For example:

Note that in VB .NET, the equal operator alone is used to assign all data types; in previous versions of VB, the Set statement had to be used along with the equal operator to assign an object reference.

Addition assignment operator. For example:

adds 1 to the value of lNumber and assigns the result to lNumber.

Subtraction assignment operator. For example:

subtracts 1 from the value of lNumber and assigns the ...

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An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical manipulations. VB.Net is rich in built-in operators and provides following types of commonly used operators −

Arithmetic Operators

Comparison operators, logical/bitwise operators, bit shift operators, assignment operators, miscellaneous operators.

This tutorial will explain the most commonly used operators.

Following table shows all the arithmetic operators supported by VB.Net. Assume variable A holds 2 and variable B holds 7, then −

Show Examples

Following table shows all the comparison operators supported by VB.Net. Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20, then −

Apart from the above, VB.Net provides three more comparison operators, which we will be using in forthcoming chapters; however, we give a brief description here.

Is Operator − It compares two object reference variables and determines if two object references refer to the same object without performing value comparisons. If object1 and object2 both refer to the exact same object instance, result is True ; otherwise, result is False.

IsNot Operator − It also compares two object reference variables and determines if two object references refer to different objects. If object1 and object2 both refer to the exact same object instance, result is False ; otherwise, result is True.

Like Operator − It compares a string against a pattern.

Following table shows all the logical operators supported by VB.Net. Assume variable A holds Boolean value True and variable B holds Boolean value False, then −

We have already discussed the bitwise operators. The bit shift operators perform the shift operations on binary values. Before coming into the bit shift operators, let us understand the bit operations.

Bitwise operators work on bits and perform bit-by-bit operations. The truth tables for &, |, and ^ are as follows −

Assume if A = 60; and B = 13; now in binary format they will be as follows −

A = 0011 1100

B = 0000 1101

-----------------

A&B = 0000 1100

A|B = 0011 1101

A^B = 0011 0001

~A  = 1100 0011

We have seen that the Bitwise operators supported by VB.Net are And, Or, Xor and Not. The Bit shift operators are >> and << for left shift and right shift, respectively.

Assume that the variable A holds 60 and variable B holds 13, then −

There are following assignment operators supported by VB.Net −

There are few other important operators supported by VB.Net.

Operators Precedence in VB.Net

Operator precedence determines the grouping of terms in an expression. This affects how an expression is evaluated. Certain operators have higher precedence than others; for example, the multiplication operator has higher precedence than the addition operator −

For example, x = 7 + 3 * 2; here, x is assigned 13, not 20 because operator * has higher precedence than +, so it first gets multiplied with 3*2 and then adds into 7.

Here, operators with the highest precedence appear at the top of the table, those with the lowest appear at the bottom. Within an expression, higher precedence operators will be evaluated first.

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VB.net Operators – How Many Types of Operators Used in VB.net?

What are vb.net operators.

The VB.net Operator is a symbol that instructs the compiler to carry out particular logical or mathematical operations.

The Operator symbol is used in VB.net programming to execute various operations on variables.

There are many types of operators in VB.net that assist with applying logical and mathematical operations to data values.

In the VB.net programming language, the Operator precedence is used to specify the order in which several Operators are executed.

Operator is a specialized symbol in VB.net that instructs the compiler to apply a particular logical or mathematical operation to the data values.

An operand is the data value itself, which can be either a variable or a constant. The operator applies different operations on the operand .

How Many Types of Operators Used in VB.net?

The following are the types of operators that are used in VB.net extensive built-in operator library.

• Arithmetic Operators
• Comparison Operators
• Logical/Bitwise Operators
• Bit Shift Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Miscellaneous Operators

VB.net Arithmetic Operators

The Arithmetic Operators in VB.net , are used to perform mathematical operations such as subtraction , addition , multiplication , division , etc. on the operands in VB.net .

The following table shows all the arithmetic operators supported by VB.net.

Example Program of VB.net Arithmetic Operators :

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result:

Sum of a + b is 21 Subtraction of a – b is 13 Multiplication of a * b is 68 Division of a / b is 4.25 Similar to division Operator (return only integer value) of a – b is 4 Modulus of a Mod b is 1 Power of a ^ b is 83521 Press any key to exit…

You can test the above example here! ➡  VB.net Online Compiler

Comparison Operator in VB.net

The Comparison Operator in VB.net compares the values of two variables or operands for a variety of conditions , including greater , less than , or equal , etc., and depending on the condition, it produces a Boolean value of true or false .

The following table shows all the Comparison Operators in VB.net .

Example Program of VB.net Comparison Operator :

Program of Comparison Operator Output of x > y is False Output of x < y is True Output of x = y is False Output of x <> y is True Output of x >= y is False Output of x <= y is True Output of obj Is obj2 is False Output of obj IsNot obj2 is True Output of str Like str2 is True Press any key to exit…

Logical/Bitwise Operators in VB.net

The logical and bitwise Operators in VB.net work with Boolean (true or false) conditions, and if the conditions become true , it returns a Boolean value.

The following are the logical and bitwise Operators used to perform the various logical operations such as And , Or , Not , etc. on the operands (variables).

Suppose there are two operands A and B , where A is True , and B is False .

The following table shows all the Logical/Bitwise Operators in VB.net .

Example Program of VB.net Logical/Bitwise Operators :

Operands A Or B are True Operands A Xor B is True Operands c Or d is True Operand A OrElse B is True Output of Not (A And B) is True Press any key to exit?

Bit Shift Operators in VB.net

The Bit Shift Operators in VB.net are used to perform the bit shift operations on binary values either to the right or to the left.

The following table shows all the Bit Shift Operators in VB.net .

Example Program of Bit Shift Operators in VB.net :

BitShift Operator x And y is 8 BitShift Operator x Or y is 29 BitShift Operator x Xor y is 21 BitShift Operator Not y is -26 Bitwise Left Shift Operator – a<<1 = 10 Bitwise Left Shift Operator – b<<1 = 18 Bitwise Right Shift Operator – a>>1 = 10 Bitwise Right Shift Operator – b>>1 = 10 Press any key to exit…

Assignment Operators in VB.net

The Assignment Operators in VB.net are used to assign the value to variables.

The following table shows all the Assignment Operators in VB.net .

Example Program of VB.net Assignment Operators :

Assign value A to B is 5 Output of B += A is 10 Output of B -= A is 5 Output of B *= A is 25 Output of B /= A is 5 Output of B = A is 1 Output of B ^= A is 1 Output of Str &= name is Welcome Press any key to exit…

Miscellaneous Operators in VB.net

Miscellaneous Operators in VB.net It is applied to an operand in an asynchronous method or lambda expression to suspend execution of the method until the awaited task is completed.

The following table shows all the Miscellaneous Operators in VB.net .

Example Program of VB.net Miscellaneous Operators :

System.Double System.Int32 System.String System.Single System.Decimal 100 Negative Press any key to exit…

• An Operators in VB.Net refers to a symbol that instructs the compiler to perform a specific logical or mathematical manipulation.
• VB.Net supports the use of operators to perform arithmetic , logical , and comparison operations .
• Operators are divided into various categories.
• Operators operate on operands.
• We can use arithmetic operators to perform various mathematical operations in VB.NET .
• Comparison operators in VB.net are used for making comparisons between variables.
• Logical operators in VB.net help us in making logical decisions.

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Visual Basic operators

last modified October 18, 2023

In this part of the Visual Basic tutorial, we talk about operators.

An operator is a special symbol which indicates a certain process is carried out. Operators in programming languages are taken from mathematics. Programmers work with data. The operators are used to process data.

We have several types of operators:

Arithmetic operators

Boolean operators.

• Relational operators

Bitwise operators

An operator may have one or two operands. An operand is one of the inputs (arguments) of an operator. Those operators that work with only one operand are called unary operators . Those who work with two operands are called binary operators .

The + and - signs can be addition and subtraction operators as well as unary sign operators. It depends on the situation.

The plus sign can be used to indicate that we have a positive number. But it is mostly not used. The minus sign changes the sign of a value.

Multiplication and addition operators are examples of binary operators. They are used with two operands.

The assignment operator

The assignment operator = assigns a value to a variable. A variable is a placeholder for a value. In mathematics, the = operator has a different meaning. In an equation, the = operator is an equality operator. The left side of the equation is equal to the right one.

Here we assign a number to the x variable.

The previous expression does not make sense in mathematics. But it is legal in programming. The expression adds 1 to the x variable. The right side is equal to 2 and 2 is assigned to x .

This code example results in syntax error. We cannot assign a value to a literal.

The following is a table of arithmetic operators in Visual Basic.

The following example shows arithmetic operations.

In the preceding example, we use addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations. This is all familiar from the mathematics.

Next we show the distinction between normal and integer division.

In the preceding example, we divide two numbers using normal and integer division operator. Visual Basic has two distinct operators for division.

We use floating point data types.

This is floating-point division.

This is integer division. The result of this operation is always and integer.

The last two operators that we mention are modulo operator and exponentiation operator.

The Mod operator is called the modulo operator. It finds the remainder of division of one number by another. 9 Mod 4 , 9 modulo 4 is 1, because 4 goes into 9 twice with a remainder of 1. Modulo operator can be handy for example when we want to check for prime numbers.

Finally, we mention exponentiation operator.

9 ^ 2 = 9 * 9 = 81

Concatenating strings

In Visual Basic we have two operators for string concatenation. The plus + operator and the & ampersand operator. We can also use the String.Concat method.

We join three strings.

In Visual Basic, we have the following logical operators. Boolean operators are also called logical.

Boolean operators are used to work with truth values.

Many expressions result in a boolean value. Boolean values are used in conditional statements.

Relational operators always result in a Boolean value. These two lines print False and True.

The body of the If statement is executed only if the condition inside the parentheses is met. The x > y returns True, so the message "y is greater than x" is printed to the terminal.

Example shows the logical And operator. It evaluates to True only if both operands are True.

The logical Xor operator evaluates to True, if exactly one of the operands is True.

The logical Xor evaluates to False if both operands are True or both False.

The logical Or operator evaluates to True, if either of the operands is True.

If one of the sides of the operator is True, the outcome of the operation is True.

The negation operator Not makes True False and False True.

The example shows the negation operator in action.

AndAlso , OrElse operators are short circuit evaluated. Short circuit evaluation means that the second argument is only evaluated if the first argument does not suffice to determine the value of the expression: when the first argument of And evaluates to false, the overall value must be false; and when the first argument of Or evaluates to true, the overall value must be true. Short circuit evaluation is used mainly to improve performance.

An example may clarify this a bit more.

We have two functions in the example. Functions, unlike subroutines, return values. This is the main difference between them.

The one function returns False. The short circuit AndAlso does not evaluate the second function. It is not necessary. Once an operand is False, the result of the logical conclusion is always False. Only "Inside one" is printed to the console.

In the second case, we use the And . In this case, both functions are called. Even though it is not necessary for the result of the expression.

Relational Operators

Relational operators are used to compare values. These operators always result in a boolean value.

Relational operators are also called comparison operators.

As we already mentioned, the relational operators return boolean values. Note that in Visual Basic, the comparison operator is = .

Notice that the relational operators are not limited to numbers. We can use them for other objects as well. Although they might not always be meaningful.

We can compare string objects too. Comparison operators in a string context compare the sorting order of the characters.

What exactly happens here? Computers do not know characters or strings. For them, everything is just a number. Characters are special numbers stored in specific tables. Like ASCII.

Internally, the a and b characters are numbers. So when we compare two characters, we compare their stored numbers. The built-in Asc function returns the ASCII value of a single character.

In fact, we compare two numbers, 97 with 98.

Say we have a string with more characters. If the first characters are equal, we compare the next ones. In our case, the b character at the second position has a greater value than the a character. That is why "ab" string is greater than "aa" string. Comparing strings in such a way does not make much sense, of course. But it is technically possible.

Finally, we mention the Is operator. The operator checks if two object references refer to the same object. It does not perform value comparisons.

We create three objects and compare them with the Is operator.

We declare and initialise two Object instances. The Object class is a base class for all classes in the .NET framework. We describe it later in more detail.

The third variable is only declared.

The o3 now refers to the o2 object. They are two references to the same object.

In the first case, we get False. The o1 and o2 are two different objects. In the second case, we get True. The o3 and o2 refer to the same object.

Decimal numbers are natural to humans. Binary numbers are native to computers. Binary, octal, decimal, or hexadecimal symbols are only notations of the same number. Bitwise operators work with bits of a binary number. Bitwise operators are seldom used in higher level languages like Visual Basic.

The bitwise negation operator changes each 1 to 0 and 0 to 1.

The operator reverts all bits of a number 7. One of the bits also determines, whether the number is negative or not. If we negate all the bits one more time, we get number 7 again.

The bitwise and operator performs bit-by-bit comparison between two numbers. The result for a bit position is 1 only if both corresponding bits in the operands are 1.

The first number is a binary notation of 6, the second is 3 and the result is 2.

The bitwise or operator performs bit-by-bit comparison between two numbers. The result for a bit position is 1 if either of the corresponding bits in the operands is 1.

The result is 00110 or decimal 7.

The bitwise exclusive or operator performs bit-by-bit comparison between two numbers. The result for a bit position is 1 if one or the other (but not both) of the corresponding bits in the operands is 1.

The result is 00101 or decimal 5.

Compound assignment operators

The compound assignment operators consist of two operators. They are shorthand operators.

The += compound operator is one of these shorthand operators. They are less readable than the full expressions but experienced programmers often use them.

Other compound operators are:

Operator precedence

The operator precedence tells us which operators are evaluated first. The precedence level is necessary to avoid ambiguity in expressions.

What is the outcome of the following expression, 28 or 40?

Like in mathematics, the multiplication operator has a higher precedence than addition operator. So the outcome is 28.

To change the order of evaluation, we can use parentheses. Expressions inside parentheses are always evaluated first.

The following list shows common Visual Basic operators ordered by precedence (highest precedence first):

Operators on the same line in the list have the same precedence.

In this code example, we show some common expressions. The outcome of each expression is dependent on the precedence level.

This line prints 28. The multiplication operator has a higher precedence than addition. First the product of 5*5 is calculated. Then 3 is added.

In this case, the negation operator has a higher precedence. First, the first True value is negated to False, than the Or operator combines False and True, which gives True in the end.

Associativity

Sometimes the precedence is not satisfactory to determine the outcome of an expression. There is another rule called associativity . The associativity of operators determines the order of evaluation of operators with the same precedence level.

What is the outcome of this expression? 9 or 1? The multiplication, deletion and the modulo operator are left to right associated. So the expression is evaluated this way: (9 / 3) * 3 and the result is 9.

Arithmetic, boolean, relational and bitwise operators are all left o right associated.

On the other hand, the assignment operator is right associated.

If the association was left to right, the previous expression would not be possible.

The compound assignment operators are right to left associated.

You might expect the result to be 1. But the actual result is 0. Because of the associativity. The expression on the right is evaluated first and than the compound assignment operator is applied.

AddressOf operator

The AddressOf operator creates a function delegate that points to another function. Delegates are type safe function pointers, they are used to call methods of other objects.

In the code example, we use the AddressOf operator to point to two different subroutines.

We need to declare a delegate.

The delegate takes the address of a subroutine using the AddressOf operator. Now we have a type-safe pointer to the Message1 subroutine.

The Invoke method calls the method, to which the delegate points.

Now we give the delegate an address of another subroutine.

Both messages are printed to the console.

In this part of the Visual Basic tutorial, we covered the operators.

Visual Basic Operators

In Visual Basic, Operator is a programming element that specifies what operation needs to perform on operands or variables . For example, an addition (+) operator in Visual Basic is used to perform the sum operation on operands.

Visual Basic Operator Types

In Visual Basic different types of operators are available; those are

• Arithmetic Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Logical/Bitwise Operators
• Comparison Operators
• Concatenation Operators

Now, we will learn each operator in a detailed manner with examples in the Visual Basic programming language.

Visual Basic Arithmetic Operators

In Visual Basic, Arithmetic Operators are useful for performing basic arithmetic calculations like addition, subtraction, division, etc., based on our requirements.

The following table lists the different arithmetic operators available in Visual Basic.

Visual Basic Assignment Operators

In Visual Basic, Assignment Operators are useful to assign a new value to the operand.

The following table lists the different assignment operators available in Visual Basic.

Visual Basic Logical / Bitwise Operators

In Visual Basic, Logical / Bitwise Operators are useful to perform the logical operation between two operands like AND, OR, etc., based on our requirements. The Logical / Bitwise Operators will always work with Boolean expressions ( true or false ) and return Boolean values.

The following table lists the different types of logical/bitwise operators available in Visual Basic.

Visual Basic Comparison Operators

In Visual Basic, Comparison Operators are useful to determine whether the defined two operands are equal, greater than or less than, etc., based on our requirements.

The following table lists the different comparison operators available in Visual Basic.

Visual Basic Concatenation Operators

In Visual Basic, Concatenation Operators are useful to concatenate defined operands based on our requirements.

The following table lists the different types of concatenation operators available in Visual Basic.

Table of Contents

• Operators in Visual Basic with Examples
• Arithmetic Operators in Visual Basic
• Assignment Operators in Visual Basic
• Logical/Bitwise Operators in Visual Basic
• Comparison & Concatenation Operators in Visual Basic

Types of VB.Net Operators: Arithmetic, Comparison & Logical

What is Operator in VB.Net?

An Operator in VB.Net refers to a symbol that instructs the compiler to perform a specific logical or mathematical manipulation. The operator performs the operation on the provided operands. Microsoft VB.Net comes with various types of operators. We will discuss them in this tutorial.

Arithmetic Operators in VB.Net

You can use arithmetic operators to perform various mathematical operations in VB.NET. Arithmetic operators in VB.Net include:

Example of VB.Net Arithmetic Operator

Here is an example of VB.Net arithmetic operator:

Step 1) Create a new console application. To know this, visit our previous tutorial on Data Types and Variables.

Step 2) Add the following code:

Step 3) Click the Start button to execute the code. You should get the following window:

Here is a screenshot of the code:

Explanation of Code:

• Creating a module named Module1.
• Creating the main sub-procedure.
• Creating an integer variable var_w with a value of 11.
• Creating an integer variable var_x with a value of 5.
• Creating an integer var_q with a value of 2.
• Creating an integer var_y.
• Creating an integer var_z.
• Adding the values of variables var_w and var_z and assigning the result to variable var_y.
• Printing the above result on the console.
• Subtracting the value of variables var_x from the value of variable var_w and assigning the result to variable var_y.
• Multiplying the values of variables var_w and var_x and assigning the result to variable var_y.
• Dividing the value of variable var_w by the value of variable var_x and assigning the result to variable var_z.
• Dividing the value of variable var_w by the value of variable var_x and assigning the result to variable var_y.
• Getting the remainder after dividing the value of variable var_w by the value of variable var_x and assigning the result to variable var_y.
• Getting the value of variable var_x raised to the power of the same and assigning the result to variable var_y.
• To exit the console when the user presses any key.
• Ending the subprocedure.
• Ending the Module

Comparison Operators in VB.Net

Comparison operators are used for making comparisons between variables. Comparison operators in VB.Net include the following:

Example of VB.Net Comparison Operator

Let us demonstrate an example of VB.Net comparison operator:

Step 1) Create a new console application. If you don’t know how to do it, visit our previous tutorial on Data Types and Variables.

Step 3) Click the Start button from the toolbar to run the code. You should get the following window:

We have used the following code:

• Creating an integer variable x with a value of 11.
• Creating an integer variable y with a value of 5.
• Checking whether the value of variable x is equal to the value of variable y. We have the If…Then conditional statements.
• Printing some text on the console if the above condition is True.
• The Else part to execute if the above condition is False, that is, if x isn’t equal to y.
• Printing some text on the console if the above Else part executes.
• Ending the If condition.
• Checking whether the value of variable x is less than that of variable y.
• Printing some text on the console if the above condition is true.
• The Else part to execute if the above condition is False, that is, if the value of variable x is not less than the value of variable y.
• Checking whether the value of variable x is greater than that of variable y.
• The Else part of executing if the above condition is False, that is, if the value of variable x is not greater than the value of variable y.
• Assigning a new value to variable x, that is, from 11 to 3.
• Assigning a new value to variable y, that is, from 5 to 7.
• Checking whether the value of variable x is less than or equal to that of variable y.
• Checking whether the value of variable x is greater than or equal to that of variable y.

Logical Operators in VB.Net

Logical operators help us in making logical decisions. Logical Operators in VB.Net are:

Example of VB.Net Logical Operator

Let us demonstrate how to use logical operators using an example:

Step 3) Run the code by clicking the Start button from the toolbar. You will get the following window:

Here are screenshots of the above code:

• Declaring a Boolean variable var_w with a value of True.
• Declaring a Boolean variable var_x with a value of True.
• Declaring an integer variable var_y with a value of 5.
• Declaring an integer variable var_z with a value of 20.
• Performing And operation on values of variable var_w and var_x. We have used the If…Then condition to take action based on the result of the operation.
• Text to print on the console if the result of the above operation is True.
• Ending the If statement.
• Performing Or operation on values of variable var_w and var_x. We have used the If…Then condition to take action based on the result of the operation.
• Performing Xor operation on values of variable var_w and var_x. We have used the If…Then condition to take action based on the result of the operation.
• Performing And operation on values of variable var_y and var_z. We have used the If…Then condition to take action based on the result of the operation.
• Performing Or operation on values of variable var_y and var_z. We have used the If…Then condition to take action based on the result of the operation.
• A comment. The compiler will skip this.
• Performing AndAlso operation on values of variable var_w and var_x. We have used the If…Then condition to take action based on the result of the operation.
• Performing OrElso operation on values of variable var_w and var_x. We have used the If…Then condition to take action based on the result of the operation.
• Changing the value of variable w from true to False.
• The value of variable var_x will remain to be True.
• Performing And operation on values of variables var_w and var_x. We have used the If…Then condition to take action based on the result of the operation.
• Else part to be executed if the above If the condition is not True.
• Text to print on the console if the result of the above If the operation is False. Then it is under the Else statement.
• Performing And operation on values of variables var_w and var_x then reversing the result using the Not operator. We have used the If…Then condition to take action based on the result of the operation.
• Accept input from the user via the keyboard.

Bit Shift Operators in VB.Net

These operators are used for performing shift operations on binary values.

Bit Shift Operator Example in VB.Net

Let us demonstrate bit shift operators using an example:

Step 3) Run the code by clicking the Start button. You should get the following window:

• Creating an integer variable w with a value of 50.
• Creating an integer variable y with a value of 0.
• Applying the bitwise And operator to the values of variables w and x and assigning the result to variable y.
• Printing some text and the result of the above operation on the console.
• Applying the bitwise Or operator to the values of variables w and x and assigning the result to variable y.
• Applying the bitwise Xor operator to the values of variables w and x and assigning the result to variable y.
• Applying the bitwise Not operator to the value of variable w and assigning the result to variable y.
• Pause the console to wait for user input via the keyboard.
• End the sub-procedure.
• End the module.

Assignment Operators in VB.Net

Below are the assignment operators in VB.Net:

Assignment Operator Example in VB.Net

Below is the assignment operator example in VB.Net:

Step 3) Now, run the code by clicking the Start button from the toolbar. You should get the following window:

The following code has been used:

• Creating an integer variable x with a value of 5.
• Creating an integer variable y.
• Assigning the value of variable x to variable y. The value of variable y now becomes 5.
• Adding the value of variable y to value of variable x, that is, 5 + 5, then assigning the result to variable y. This gives y = 10.
• Subtracting the value of variable x (5) from the value of variable y (10) and assigning the result to variable y, that is, 10-5.
• Multiplying the value of variable y with the value of variable x and assigning the result to variable y, that is, 5 * 5.
• Pause the console waiting for user input.
• Ending the sub-procedure.
• Ending the module.

Miscellaneous Operators in VB.Net

There are other Miscellaneous operators supported by VB.Net. Let us discuss them:

Miscellaneous Operator Example in VB.Net

Here is an example of VB.Net miscellaneous operator:

Step 3) Run the code by clicking the Start button on the toolbar. You should get the following window:

• Declaring an integer variable x with a value of 5.
• Getting the Type object of Integer data type and converting the result to a string by calling the ToString() method and print it on the console.
• Getting the Type object of String data type and converting the result to a string by calling the ToString() method and print it on a console.
• Getting the Type object of Double data type and converting the result to a string by calling the ToString() method and printing it on the console.
• Declaring a lambda function and assigning it to the variable triple value. The lambda function takes an integer parameter named val and multiplies it by 3.
• Calling the lambda function and passing to it an argument of 2. It will triple this value to give 6.
• Checking whether the value of variable x is positive or negative. If greater than or equal to 0, it will print Positive, otherwise, Negative.
• An Operator in VB.Net refers to a symbol that instructs the compiler to perform a specific logical or mathematical manipulation.
• VB.Net supports the use of operators to perform arithmetic, logical, and comparison operations.
• Operators are divided into various categories.
• Operators operate on operands.
• We can use arithmetic operators to perform various mathematical operations in VB.NET.
• Comparison operators are used for making comparisons between variables.
• Logical operators help us in making logical decisions.
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VB.NET Tutorial

Example of Arithmetic Operators in VB.NET:

Arithmetic_Operator.vb

Now compile and execute the above program, by pressing the F5 button or Start button from the Visual Studio; then it shows the following result:

Comparison Operators

As the name suggests, the Comparison Operator is used to compare the value of two variables or operands for the various condition such as greater, less than or equal, etc. and returns a Boolean value either true or false based on the condition.

Example of Comparison Operators in VB.NET

Comparison_Operator.vb

Now compile and execute the above code by pressing the F5 button or Start button in Visual studio, it returns the following output:

Logical and Bitwise Operators

The logical and bitwise Operators work with Boolean (true or false) conditions, and if the conditions become true, it returns a Boolean value. The following are the logical and bitwise Operators used to perform the various logical operations such as And, Or, Not, etc. on the operands (variables). Suppose there are two operand A and B, where A is True, and B is False.

Example of Logical and Bitwise Operator:

Logic_Bitwise.vb

Bit Shift Operators

The Bit Shit Operators are used to perform the bit shift operations on binary values either to the right or to the left.

Bit Shift operations in VB.NET

Example of Bit Shift Operator in VB.NET:

BitShift_Operator.vb

Assignment Operators

The Assignment Operators are used to assign the value to variables in VB.NET.

Assignment Operators in VB.NET

Example of Assignment Operator in VB.NET:

Assign_Operator.vb

Concatenation Operators

In VB.NET, there are two concatenation Operators to bind the operands:

Example of Concatenation Operators in VB.NET.

MyProgram.vb

Miscellaneous Operators

There are some important Operator in VB.NET

Example of Miscellaneous Operator s in VB.NET.

Misc_Operator.vb

Operator Precedence in VB.NET

Operator precedence is used to determine the order in which different Operators in a complex expression are evaluated. There are distinct levels of precedence, and an Operator may belong to one of the levels. The Operators at a higher level of precedence are evaluated first. Operators of similar precedents are evaluated at either the left-to-right or the right-to-left level.

The Following table shows the operations, Operators and their precedence -

Example of Operator Precedence in VB.NET.

Operator_Precedence.vb

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/= Operator (Visual Basic)

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Divides the value of a variable or property by the value of an expression and assigns the floating-point result to the variable or property.

variableorproperty Required. Any numeric variable or property.

expression Required. Any numeric expression.

The element on the left side of the /= operator can be a simple scalar variable, a property, or an element of an array. The variable or property cannot be ReadOnly .

The /= operator first divides the value of the variable or property (on the left-hand side of the operator) by the value of the expression (on the right-hand side of the operator). The operator then assigns the floating-point result of that operation to the variable or property.

This statement assigns a Double value to the variable or property on the left. If Option Strict is On , variableorproperty must be a Double . If Option Strict is Off , Visual Basic performs an implicit conversion and assigns the resulting value to variableorproperty , with a possible error at run time. For more information, see Widening and Narrowing Conversions and Option Strict Statement .

Overloading

The / Operator (Visual Basic) can be overloaded , which means that a class or structure can redefine its behavior when an operand has the type of that class or structure. Overloading the / operator affects the behavior of the /= operator. If your code uses /= on a class or structure that overloads / , be sure you understand its redefined behavior. For more information, see Operator Procedures .

The following example uses the /= operator to divide one Integer variable by a second and assign the quotient to the first variable.

• / Operator (Visual Basic)
• \= Operator
• Assignment Operators
• Arithmetic Operators
• Operator Precedence in Visual Basic
• Operators Listed by Functionality

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Operators in Excel VBA

The signs and keywords we use to operate variable in VBA are called VBA Operators. For example, in the lines below lines =, +, >, & are operators.

There are five types of operators in any programming language, so in VBA 1. Assignment Operator 2. Arithmetic Operator 3. Comparison Operator 4. Logical Operator 5. Concatenation Operator

Let us take a look at each type of Operator in Excel VBA.

1. Assignment Operator (=)

This is the first operator you are going to use in any programming language. In VBA, it is used to assign values to variables. It is "=" (equals to).

We use this operator to assign values to variables in excel VBA. It is also used as a comparison operator in  VBA. We will talk about it later in this tutorial.

One simple example is

In the above example, we first use the assignment operator "=" to assign value to variable "a" and then use the "=" operator to assign value of "a" to value of Range("A1").

2. Arithmetic Operators

The arithmetic operators are the same operators that we are using since childhood to do simple calculations. In Excel VBA, these operators are used for doing calculations on variables and numbers.  They are:

(+) Arithmetic Addition:  This operator is used for adding two or more numbers or values of two or more variables. The lines below sum ups the values of the two variables and prints it on the Cell "A1".

A1 will have 22. This operator also works as a concatenation operator. If both, a and b will have the string values then the + operator will work as a concatenation operator. We will see how, later in the article.

(-) Arithmetic Subtraction:  This operator is used for subtracting one value from another value of  variables. The line below subtracts the value of a from b and prints it in the Cell "A1".

A1 on the sheet will have 2.

(*) Arithmetic multiplication:  This operator is used for multiplying or getting product of two or more numbers or values of two or more variables. The below lines multiplies the values of the two variables and prints it on the Cell "A1".

Cell A1 will have value 120.

(/) Arithmetic Division:  This operator is used dividing one value from another. The line below divides the value b by variable a and prints it on the Cell "A1".

Cell A1 will have value 1.2.

(Mod) Arithmetic Remainder Operator in VBA: While most PLs use the % (modulus) for getting the remainder, in VBA we use the keyword Mod.   This operator is used to get the reminder after dividing one value from another. The line below divides the value b by variable a and prints the reminder value in cell A1.

Cell A1 will have value 2.

(^ ) Arithmetic Exponential:  This operator is used to get the exponent of one value to another.  The lines below get us the value of 3 for exponential 4.

Cell A1 will have value 81 (3x3x3x3).

These operators in VBA follow the BODMAS rule. There are only 6 arithmetic operators in VBA. There are some operators that act as two types of operators like +. You will learn about them as you go through this tutorial.

3. Comparison Operators

When we want to compare two values in VBA, we use the comparison operators. The result of comparison operator is always Boolean. If the statement is true then the result in TRUE. If the statement is false then the value is False. These operators are frequently used in decision making in VBA . Let's see what they are:

(=) Equals:  Yes, the = (equals to) sign is also used as comparison operator in VBA. When we want to check if the two variables are equal or not then we use this comparison operator.

In the above example, we use the If statement and check if the values of a and b are equal. They are clearly not. Hence, the Else statement is printed.

You can check it by simply using the statement.

This will print False in the immediate window.

(<) Less Than:  This is used to check if the left value is less than right value or not.

In the above example, we check if the value of a is less than b. Since this is True, the if statement gets executed and Else doesn't.

This will print True in the immediate window.

(<=) Less Than or Equal to:  This is used to check if the left value is less than or equal to the right value or not.

In the above example, we check if the value of a is less than b. Since this is True, the If statement gets executed and Else doesn't.

(>) Greater Than:  This is used to check if the left value is greater than the right value or not.

In the above example, we check if the value of a is greater than b. Since this is False, the if statement won't get executed and Else does.

(>=) Greater Than:  This  is used to check if the left value is greater than or equal to the right value or not.

In the above example, we check if the value of a is greater than or equal to b. Since this is False, the if statement won't get executed and Else does.

(<>) Not Equal To:  This is used to check if the left value is not equal to the right value.

In the above example, we check if the value of a is not equal to b. Since this is True, the If statement will get executed and Else won't.

The above six operators are called comparison operators as we use them to compare two values or variables. You will be using them a lot in VBA to make decisions in VBA .

4. Logical Operators

Logical operators are used for doing logical operations on one or more variables. The result of such operations always results in TRUE or FALSE. The logical operators often (not always) are used to check more than one condition.

Below are the logical operators we use in VBA:

VBA AND Operator( And or *):  The VBA AND operator are used to ensure that the conditions on its left and right are True. If any of the conditions is False then the whole statement will result in False. We use the keyword And or the sign * (asterisk) for AND operations.

Check the below statement:

When we run the above snippet, the second if statement doesn't get executed. Because the first statement on the left is true, but the statement on the right is False. Hence the whole statement returns False.

In most of the languages, the symbol & is used as AND operator but not in VBA. In VBA you can use the multiplication operator * (asterisk) as AND operator to ensure that both conditions are true.

In the above example, you can use the below if statement to do the same.

You must use parenthesis to separate the conditional statements. Otherwise, the statements will follow the BODMAS rule and the result will inaccurate.

Q1: What will be the output of the below statement? Let me know in the comments section below:

When the value of a is 15 and b is 30. Write down in the comments section below.

VBA OR Operator (Or or +): The OR operator is used when we want to ensure that either the Left condition is TRUE or the Right condition is TRUE. If any of the two conditions is true then the result will be true. We use the OR keyword between two boolean statements. You can also use the + (plus) sign for OR operation. Just make sure that you use parenthesis properly to make statements clear while using + sign.

Examine the below code:

When we execute the above code, the first message is displayed and the second message is skipped. Because a is less than 15 and b is not. It only takes one condition to be True with the OR operator to get the output as true.

You write the statement as:

Q2: What will be the output of the below statement? Let me know in the comments section below:

When the value of a is 10 and b is 5. Write down in the comments section below.

VBA NOT Operator (Not): The Not operator is used to inverse the boolean value. In other words, the statement with Not operator only returns True if the statement before it is False . For example, if you use the Not keyword before a True Statement, it will result in False and vise-versa. In VBA, we use the Not keyword to check if something is not what True or False (?).

In the above code, statement  Not a = b  will return false. Initially, a=b is true but as we have used Not before it, the result is inversed and statement turns into False. In the above example, we have used the only statements before it. You can have as many statements as you want before Not operator. Just enclose them into parenthesis.

Q3: What will be the output of the below statement? Let me know in the comments section below:

5. Concatenation Operators ( & or +)

These operators are used to concatenate strings. The symbol & is used to concatenate texts. It is the recommended operator to concatenate strings. However, you can also use the + sign to concatenate.

The plus sign only concatenates two variables when both of them are strings. If any of the string is non-string the + sign will work as an addition operator.

See the below code:

In the above code, the first two lines will work perfectly fine.  The third line will run into an error because we are trying to add text with numbers. To concatenate numbers we always use the & (amp).

Multifunctional Operators in VBA

Through the above examples, you must have learned that there are many operators that work differently in different situations.

The + sign works as the addition operator while working with numbers. While working with boolean values, the plus sign works as Or operator in VBA. When used with string values the plus operator works as a concatenation operator. The lines below are valid:

The asterisk (*) sign works as a multiplication operator when operands are numeric. When the operands are boolean the asterisk works as And Operator.

The below lines of code work perfectly fine.

So yeah guys, this all about the operators in VBA. I hope it was helpful. If you have any doubts regarding the operators in VBA, ask in the comment section below.

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