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412 Computers Topics & Essay Examples

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Looking for interesting topics about computer science? Look no further! Check out this list of trending computer science essay topics for your studies. Whether you’re a high school, college, or postgraduate student, you will find a suitable title for computer essay in this list.

• Life Without Computers Essay One of the major contributions of the computer technology in the world has been the enhancement of the quality of communication.
• How Computers Affect Our Lives In the entertainment industry, many of the movies and even songs will not be in use without computers because most of the graphics used and the animations we see are only possible with the help […]
• Computer Use in Schools: Effects on the Education Field The learning efficiency of the student is significantly increased by the use of computers since the student is able to make use of the learning model most suited to him/her.
• Advantages and Disadvantages of Computer Graphics Essay One is able to put all of his/her ideas in a model, carry out tests on the model using graphical applications, and then make possible changes.
• The Causes and Effect of the Computer Revolution Starting the discussion with the positive effect of the issue, it should be stated that the implementation of the computer technologies in the modern world has lead to the fact that most of the processes […]
• Impact of Computers on Business This paper seeks to explore the impact of the computer and technology, as well as the variety of its aspects, on the business world.
• Are We Too Dependent on Computers? The duration taken to restore the machine varies depending on the cause of the breakdown, expertise of the repairing engineer and the resources needed to restore the machine.
• Impact on Operations Resources of JIT at Dell Computer JIT inventory system stresses on the amount of time required to produce the correct order; at the right place and the right time.
• Dependency on Computers For example, even the author of this paper is not only using the computer to type the essay but they are also relying on the grammar checker to correct any grammatical errors in the paper. […]
• Computer Technology: Evolution and Developments The development of computer technology is characterized by the change in the technology used in building the devices. The semiconductors in the computers were improved to increase the scale of operation with the development of […]
• Impact of Computer Based Communication It started by explaining the impact of the internet in general then the paper will concentrate on the use of Instant Messaging and blogs.
• Apex Computers: Problems of Motivation Among Subordinates In the process of using intangible incentives, it is necessary to use, first of all, recognition of the merits of employees.
• The Use of Computers in the Aviation Industry The complicated nature of the software enables the Autopilot to capture all information related to an aircraft’s current position and uses the information to guide the aircraft’s control system.
• Computers vs. Humans: What Can They Do? The differences between a human being and a computer can be partly explained by looking at their reaction to an external stimulus. To demonstrate this point, one can refer to chess computers that can assess […]
• Computer Hardware: Past, Present, and Future Overall, one can identify several important trends that profoundly affected the development of hardware, and one of them is the need to improve its design, functionality, and capacity.
• Are We Too Dependent on Computers? To reinforce this assertion, this paper shall consider the various arguments put forward in support of the view that computers are not overused. This demonstrates that in the education field, computers only serve as a […]
• Print and Broadcast Computer Advertisements The use of pictures and words to bring out the special features in any given computer and types of computers is therefore crucial in this type of advertisement because people have to see to be […]
• Computer’s Memory Management Memory management is one of the primary responsibilities of the OS, a role that is achieved by the use of the memory management unit.
• Pointing Devices of Human-Computer Interaction The footpad also has a navigation ball that is rolled to the foot to move the cursor on a computer screen.
• How to Build a Computer? Preparation and Materials In order to build a personal computer, it is necessary to choose the performance that you want by considering the aspects such as the desired processor speed, the memory, and storage capacity. […]
• Impact of Computer Technology on Economy and Social Life The rapid development of technologies and computer-human interactions influences not only the individual experience of a person but also the general conditions of social relations.
• Human-Computer Interface in Nursing Practice HCI in the healthcare impacts the quality of the care and patients’ safety since it influences communication among care providers and between the latter and their clients.
• Advantages of Using Computers at Work I have learned what I hoped to learn in that I have become more aware of the advantages of using computers and why I should not take them for granted.
• Solutions to Computer Viruses Efforts should also be made to ensure that once a computer system is infected with viruses, the information saved in it is salvaged.
• The Impact of Computer-Based Technologies on Business Communication The Importance of Facebook to Business Communication Facebook is one of the most popular social networking tools among college students and businesspersons. Blogs and Facebook can be used for the benefit of an organization.
• Ethical and Illegal Computer Hacking For the ethical hackers, they pursue hacking in order to identify the unexploited areas or determine weaknesses in systems in order to fix them.
• Resolving Software Problem: Timberjack Company The former thought that it would be more efficient to outline the scope and directions of the software project in just few pages and give it to specialists which would realize it.
• Bill Gates’ Contributions to Computer Technology Upon examination of articles written about Gates and quotations from Gates recounting his early childhood, several events stand out in significance as key to depicting the future potential of Gates to transform the world with […]
• Computers Have Changed Education for the Better Considering the significant effects that computers have had in the educational field, this paper will set out to illustrate how computer systems have changed education for the better.
• Negative Impacts of Computer Technology For instance, they can erase human memory, enhance the ability of human memory, boost the effectiveness of the brain, utilize the human senses in computer systems, and also detect anomalies in the human body. The […]
• How Computer Works? In order for a computer to function, stuff such as data or programs have to be put through the necessary hardware, where they would be processed to produce the required output.
• Computer Network Types and Classification For a computer to be functional it must meet three basic requirements, which are it must provide services, communications and most of all a connection whether wireless or physical.the connection is generally the hardware in […]
• Use of Robots in Computer Science Currently, the most significant development in the field of computer science is the inclusion of robots as teaching tools. The use of robots in teaching computer science has significantly helped to endow students with valuable […]
• The American Military and the Evolution of Computer Technology From the Early 1940s to Early 1960s During the 1940s-1960, the American military was the only wouldriver’ of computer development and innovations.”Though most of the research work took place at universities and in commercial firms, military research organizations such as the Office […]
• Computers Will Not Replace Teachers On the other hand, real teachers can emotionally connect and relate to their students; in contrast, computers do not possess feeling and lack of empathy.
• Computer-Based Technologies That Assist People With Disabilities The visually impaired To assist the visually impaired to use computers, there are Braille computer keyboards and Braille display to enable them to enter information and read it. Most of these devices are very expensive […]
• Computer Forensics Tools and Evidence Processing The purpose of this paper is to analyze available forensic tools, identify and explain the challenges of investigations, and explain the legal implication of the First and Fourth Amendments as they relate to evidence processing […]
• Internship in the Computer Service Department In fact, I know that I am on track because I have been assessed by the leaders in the facility with the aim of establishing whether I have gained the required skills and knowledge.
• Introduction to Human-Computer Interaction It is a scope of study that explores how individuals view and ponder about computer related technologies, and also investigates both the human restrictions and the features that advance usability of computer structures.
• Computer Technology in the Last 100 Years of Human History These communication tools are based on computer technology, and are the foundation of younger generations’ living. Computer technology is detrimental to the lives of younger generations because it fails.
• History of Computers: From Abacus to Modern PC Calculators were among the early machines and an example of this is the Harvard Mark 1 Early man was in need of a way to count and do calculations.
• Computers in Education: More a Boon Than a Bane Thus, one of the greatest advantages of the computer as a tool in education is the fact that it builds the child’s capacity to learn things independently.
• Implementing Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) in EFL Classrooms CALL modifies the role of both the teacher and student in the process of language learning drastically. The implementation of CALL in EFL settings should enhance the learning outcomes of learners and facilitate the meeting […]
• Computer-Based Communication Technology in Business Communication: Instant Messages and Wikis To solve the problems within the chosen filed, it is necessary to make people ready to challenges and provide them with the necessary amount of knowledge about IN and wikis’ peculiarities and properly explain the […]
• Hands-on Training Versus Computer Based Training From the above comparison of hands-on training and computer based training, it can be concluded that a company or an institution should choose its training methodology carefully.
• Apple Inc.’s Competitive Advantages in Computer Industry Competitive advantage is significant in any company A prerequisite of success It enhances sustainable profit growth It shows the company’s strengths Apple Inc.explores its core competencies to achieve it Apple Inc.is led by Tim […]
• The Drawbacks of Computers in Human Lives Since the invention of computers, they have continued to be a blessing in many ways and more specifically changing the lives of many people.
• Challenges of Computer Technology Computer Technologies and Geology In fact, computer technologies are closely connected to any sphere of life, and it is not surprisingly that geology has a kind of dependence from the development of computers and innovative […]
• Computer Components in the Future It must be noted though that liquid cooling systems utilize more electricity compared to traditional fan cooling systems due to the use of both a pump and a radiator in order to dissipate the heat […]
• State-Of-The-Art in Computer Numerical Control Depending on the type of machine, the turret may have a number of tools that are fixed in special tool holders, and the distance from the tooltip to the spindle seating face is entered into […]
• Recommendations for Computer to Purchase This made me to look into and compare the different models of computers which can be good for the kind of work we do.
• Doing Business in India: Outsourcing Manufacturing Activities of a New Tablet Computer to India Another aim of the report is to analyse the requirements for the establishment of the company in India, studying the competitors in the industry and their experience.
• Boot Process of a CISCO Router and Computer An understanding of the processes that would help in setting up the configuration of a router and its various elements can lead to relating the booting process of the router to that of any other […]
• Use and Benefit of Computer Analysis The introduction of computers, therefore, has improved the level of service delivery and thus enhances convenience and comfort. Another benefit accruing from the introduction of computers is the ability of the world to manage networks […]
• How Computers Negatively Affect Student Growth Accessibility and suitability: most of the school and student do not have computers that imply that they cannot use computer programs for learning, lack of availability of internet facilities’ availability also makes the students lack […]
• Computer-Based Systems Effective Implementation Under this methodology, there is a provision that gives attention to the needs of the people involved in the organization about the demands of the technology.
• Dell Computer Corporation: Competitive Advantages Rivkin et al.claim that Dell remains a company to beat in the personal computer industry despite the initiatives the rival companies have taken.
• HP Computer Marketing Concept The marketing concept is the criteria that firms and organizations use to meet the needs of their clients in the most conducive manner.
• Computer Network: Data Flow and Protocol Layering The diagram below shows a simplex communication mode Half-duplex mode is one in which the flow of data is multidirectional; that is, information flow in both directions.
• Computers and Transformation From 1980 to 2020 The humanity dreams about innovative technologies and quantum machines, allowing to make the most complicated mathematical calculations in billionths of a second but forgets how quickly the progress of computers has occurred for the last […]
• Purchasing and Leasing Computer Equipment, Noting the Advantages and Disadvantages of Each In fact, this becomes hectic when the equipment ceases to be used in the organization before the end of the lease period. First, they should consider how fast the equipment needs to be updated and […]
• Pipeline Hazards in Computer Architecture Therefore, branch instructions are the primary reasons for these types of pipeline hazards to emerge. In conclusion, it is important to be able to distinguish between different pipeline types and their hazards in order to […]
• Personal Computer Evolution Overview It is important to note that the first evolution of a personal computer occurred in the first century. This is because of the slowness of the mainframe computers to process information and deliver the output.
• Dell Computer Corporation: Management Control System They also outsourced the making of the products and their plants were reduced to assembly points. This is a great saving on the cost of storage and handling, a cost that other company’s incurred.
• Computer Hardware Components and Functions Hardware is the physical components of a computer, while the software is a collection of programs and related data to perform the computers desired function.
• Computer Evolution, Its Future and Societal Impact In spite of the computers being in existence since the abacus, it is the contemporary computers that have had a significant impact on the human life.
• Dell Computer Company and Michael Dell These numbers prove successful reputation of the company and make the organization improve their work in order to attract the attention of more people and help them make the right choice during the selection of […]
• Security of Your Computer and Ways of Protecting Authentication is used to mean that the information in the computer is only available and accessible to the authorized parties. This method is more effective as it can include hardware using multiple versions of software […]
• The Evolution of the Personal Computer and the Internet Due to the complexity of the subject matter it is necessary to digress once more and discuss briefly the history of the World-Wide-Web so that there is a clearer understanding of what it is all […]
• Levels of Computer Science and Programming Languages For the programmer to create low-level programming languages, computer architecture is very necessary for machine coding in the Central Processing Unit of a computer.
• Computer System Review and Upgrade The main purpose of this computer program is going to be the more effective identification of the hooligan groups and their organisation with the purpose to reduce the violation actions.
• Key Issues Concerning Computer Security, Ethics, and Privacy The issues facing computer use such as defense, ethics, and privacy continue to rise with the advent of extra ways of information exchange.
• Computer-Aided Design in Knitted Apparel and Technical Textiles In doing so, the report provides an evaluation of the external context of CAD, a summary of the technology, and the various potential applications and recommendations of CAD.
• Career Options for a Computer Programmer Once the system or software has been installed and is running, the computer programmer’s focus is on offering support in maintaining the system.
• Computer Problems: Review I was referred to the these three websites by my peers who told me they had experienced problems with their computers in the past and were of the opinion that these websites could provide me […]
• Mathematics as a Basis in Computer Science For example, my scores in physics and chemistry were also comparable to those I obtained in mathematics, a further testament to the importance of mathematics in other disciplines.
• The Effectiveness of the Computer The modern computer is the product of close to a century of sequential inventions. We are in the information age, and the computer has become a central determinant of our performance.
• Computer Systems: Technology Impact on Society It is due to the role of the new technology that we will try and see some of the impacts of the new technology in most of the societies today.
• The Increasing Human Dependence on Computers Large amounts of information can be stored in the computer that is instantly available with the click of the mouse, which enables the ordering and tracking of resources in a very convenient and fast manner.
• Computer Security: Bell-Lapadula & Biba Models Cybersecurity policies require the formulation and implementation of security access control models like the Bell-LaPadula and the Biba, to successfully ensure availability, integrity, and confidentiality of information flows via network access.
• The Concept of Computer Hardware and Software The physical devices can still be the components that are responsible for the execution of the programs in a computer such as a microprocessor.
• Computer Forensics: Identity Theft The forensics process that is maintained in the framework of computer-related technologies provides professionals with the opportunity to gather, analyze, and report on the information.
• Computer Based Learning in Elementary Schools The main purpose of the research is to consider the background of the chosen sphere, the elementary education, and discuss current business issues in the computer technologies which may be used in the sphere and […]
• Computer Architecture for a College Student It is also important to consider that the student might have to carry the computer to college on a regular basis.
• Computers and Information Gathering On the other hand, it would be correct to say that application of computers in gathering information has led to negative impacts in firms.
• Computer Forensics and Digital Evidence When electronic data has been collected to identify the kind of the incident and introduce evidence of the crime, it is important to organize a meeting with the witness who can provide details of the […]
• Supply Chain Management at Dell Computers Therefore, the roles of the supply chain manager at Dell computers are to ensure that the customer is satisfied with the product distribution utilized by the company.
• The Alliance for Childhood and Computers in Education Of course, there are certain benefits of computers and the abilities children may get, however, it is necessary to remember about the limits and pay enough attention to active life, healthy food, and real communication […]
• The Influence of Computer on the Living Standards of People All Over the World In the past, people considered computers to be a reserve for scientist, engineers, the army and the government. Media is a field that has demonstrated the quality and value of computers.
• Ethics in Computer Technology: Cybercrimes The first one is the category of crimes that are executed using a computer as a weapon. The second type of crime is the one that uses a computer as an accessory to the crime.
• Viruses and Worms in Computers To prevent the spread of viruses and worms, there are certain precautionary measures that can be taken. With the correct measures and prevention, the spread of online viruses and worms can be controlled to a […]
• Computers: The History of Invention and Development It is treated as a reliable machine able to process and store a large amount of data and help out in any situation.”The storage, retrieval, and use of information are more important than ever” since […]
• Computer Viruses, Their Types and Prevention A memory-resident virus is one of the most resilient types of viruses out there since it resides in the RAM of the computer and comes out of stasis every time the computer’s OS is activated.
• Building a PC, Computer Structure The choices available are Western Digital 320GB and Seagate 320GB and my advice would be to go for Western Digital as it is a good performer all along.
• Computer Laboratory Staff and Their Work This will depend on the discretion of the staff to look into it that the rules that have been set in the system are followed dully. This is the work of the staff in this […]
• Keystone Computers & Networks Inc.’s Audit Plan The objectives of the audit are to identify and describe the objectives of the audit engagement and services that will be provided to the client by the audit team and to define the responsibilities of […]
• Computer Technology in the Student Registration Process The registration process became more efficient due to the reduction in the number of registration staff because they are only tasked with the transfer of the students’ information to their respective departments.
• Computer-Based Information Systems The present essay will seek to discuss computer-based information systems in the context of Porter’s competitive strategies and offer examples of how computer-based information systems can be used by different companies to gain a strategic […]
• Computer-Mediated Communication Aspects and Influences The development of computers and the ease of internet’s accessibility have played a vital role in improving the efficiency of communication.
• The Usefulness of Computer Networks for Students The network has enabled us to make computer simulations in various projects we are undertaking and which are tested by other learners who act as users of the constructed simulations.
• Information Security Fundamentals: Computer Forensics In addition, the paper provides an overview of the techniques used in obtaining evidence from the internet and web resources, the types of evidence that can be recovered from electronic and computer resources, and the […]
• Ethics and Computer Security The introduction of computers and the internet in the 1970s marked the end and the beginning of a new era where human labour was no longer required in the production of goods and services.
• Computer Aided Software Tools (CASE) The use of the repository is common to both the visual analyst and IBM rational software with varying differences evident on the utilization of services.
• Effects of Computer Programming and Technology on Human Behavior Phones transitioned from the basic feature phones people used to own for the sole purpose of calling and texting, to smart phones that have amazing capabilities and have adapted the concepts of computers.
• Computer-Based Learning and Virtual Classrooms E-learning adds technology to instructions and also utilizes technologies to advance potential new approaches to the teaching and learning process. However, e-learners need to be prepared in the case of a technology failure which is […]
• Introduction to Computer Graphics: Lesson Plans Students should form their own idea of computer graphics, learn to identify their types and features, and consider areas of application of the new direction in the visual arts.
• How to Build a Gaming Computer The first step to creating a custom build for a PC is making a list of all the necessary components. This explanation of how to build a custom gaming computer demonstrates that the process is […]
• PayPal and Human-Computer Interaction One of the strong points of the PayPal brand is its capacity to use visual design in the process of creating new users. The ability of the Paypal website to transform answers to the need […]
• Computer Technology Use in Psychologic Assessment The use of software systems in the evaluation may lead a practitioner to misjudge and exceed their own competency if it gives the school psychologists a greater sense of safety.
• Personal Computer: The Tool for Technical Report In addition to this, computers, via the use of reification, make it feasible to reconfigure a process representation so that first-time users can examine and comprehend many facets of the procedures.
• Altera Quartus Computer Aided Design Tool So, the key to successful binary additions is a full adder. The complete adder circuit takes in three numbers, A, B, and C, adds them together, and outputs the sum and carry.
• Computer Graphics and Its Historical Background One of the examples of analog computer graphics can be seen in the game called Space Warriors, which was developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Hence, the entertainment industry was one of the main […]
• The Twelve-Cell Computer Battery Product: Weighted Average and Contracts Types There is a need to fully understand each of the choices, the cost, benefits, and risks involved for the individual or company to make the right decision.
• How to Teach Elderly Relatives to Use the Computer The necessary safety information: Do not operate the computer if there is external damage to the case or the insulation of the power cables.
• Computer Usage Evolution Through Years In the history of mankind, the computer has become one of the most important inventions. The diagnostics and treatment methods will be much easier with the help of computer intervention.
• How to Change a Computer Hard Drive Disk These instructions will allow the readers to change the HDD from a faulty computer step by step and switch on the computer to test the new HDD.
• Researching of Computer-Aided Design: Theory To draw a first-angle projection, one can imagine that the object is placed between the person drawing and the projection. To distinguish the first angle projection, technical drawings are marked with a specific symbol.
• Systems Development Life Cycle and Implementation of Computer Assisted Coding The potential risks the software must deal with are identified at this phase in addition to other system and hardware specifications.
• Why Is Speed More Important in Computer Storage Systems? While there are indications of how speed may be more significant than storage in the context of a computer system, both storage and speed are important to efficiency.
• Researching of Computer Simulation Theory Until then, people can only continue to study and try to come to unambiguous arguments regarding the possibility of human life in a computer simulation.
• Choosing a Computer for a Home Recording Studio The motherboard is responsible for the speed and stability of the system and should also have a large number of ports in case of many purposes of the computer in the studio.
• Computer Programming and Code The Maze game was the one I probably enjoyed the most since it was both engaging and not challenging, and I quickly understood what I needed to do.
• Computer-Aided-Design, Virtual and Augmented Realities in Business The usual applications of these technologies are in the field of data management, product visualization, and training; however, there is infinite potential in their development and integration with one another and this is why they […]
• Getting to Know Laptop Computers This report aims to discuss the composition of a laptop computer and the purpose of each element. To summarize, a laptop possesses the same functions as a desktop computer but is smaller in size.
• Computer-Mediated Communication Competence in Learning The study showed that knowledge of the CMC medium was the strongest influence on participation with a =.41. In addition to that, teachers can use the results of this study to improve students’ experience with […]
• Anticipated Growth in Computer and Monitor Equipment Sales This presentations explores the computer equipment market to identify opportunities and device ways of using the opportunities to the advantage of EMI.
• Current Trends and Projects in Computer Networks and Security That means the management of a given organization can send a request to communicate to the network the intended outcome instead of coding and executing the single tasks manually.
• Acme Corp.: Designing a Better Computer Mouse The approach that the company is taking toward the early stages of the development process is to only include design engineers and brainstorm ideas.
• Computer Forensic Incident All evidence should be collected in the presence of experts in order to avoid losing data as well as violating privacy rights.N.
• Computer Science Courses Project Management Second, the selected independent reviewers analyze the proposal according to the set criteria and submit the information to the NSF. The project is crucial for the school and the community, as students currently do not […]
• The Computer Science Club Project’s Budget Planning The budget for the program is provided in Table 1 below. Budget The narrative for the budget is provided below: The coordinator will spend 100% of his time controlling the quality of the provided services […]
• How Computer Based Training Can Help Teachers Learn New Teaching and Training Methods The content will be piloted in one of the high schools, in order to use the teachers as trainers for a reaching more schools with the same methodology.
• Approaches in Computer-Aided Design Process Challenges: The intricacy of the structure that resulted in the need to understand this process was the reason for this study.
• Acquiring Knowledge About Computers One of the key features of A.I.U.’s learning platform is the use of the Gradebook. The best feature of the instant messaging tool is the fact that it is easy to install with no additional […]
• Future of Forensic Accounting With Regards to Computer Use and CFRA There are different types of accounting; they include management accounting, product control, social accounting, non assurance services, resource consumption accounting, governmental accounting, project accounting, triple accounting, fund accounting and forensic accounting among others.
• Computer Museum: Personal Experience While in the Revolution, I got a chance to see a working replica of the Atanasoff-Berry Computer, which was the first real model of a working computer.
• Computer-Based Search Strategy Using Evidence-Based Research Methodology In this case, the question guiding my research is “Can additional choices of food and places to eat improve appetite and maintain weight in residents with dementia?” The population in this context will be the […]
• Recovering from Computer System Crashes In the event of a crash, the first step is to identify the type of crash and then determine the best way to recover from the crash.
• Effective Way to Handle a Computer Seizure Thus, it is important to device a method of investigation that may enhance the preservation and maintenance of the integrity of the evidence.
• VisualDX: Human-Computer Interaction VisualDX is structured such that the user is guided through the steps of using the software system without having to be a software specialist.
• Computer-Aided Software Engineering Tools Usage The inclusion of these tools will ensure that the time cycle is reduced and, at the same time, enhances the quality of the system.
• Training Nurses to Work With Computer Technologies and Information Systems The educational need at this stage will be to enhance the ability of the learners to work with computer technologies and information system.
• Computer Crime in the United Arab Emirates Computer crime is a new type of offense that is committed with the help of the computer and a network. This article aims at evaluating some of the laws established in the United Arab Emirates, […]
• Computer Science: “DICOM & HL7” In the transport of information, DICOM recognizes the receiver’s needs such as understanding the type of information required. This creates some form of interaction between the sender and the receiver of the information from one […]
• Majoring in Computer Science: Key Aspects Computer Science, abbreviated as CS, is the study of the fundamentals of information and computation procedures and of the hands-on methods for the execution and application in computer systems.
• How to Build a Desktop Personal Computer The processor will determine the speed of the system but the choice between the two major types-Intel and AMD- remains a matter of taste.
• Networking Concepts for Computer Science Students The firewall, on the other hand, is a hardware or software that secures a network against external threats. Based on these a single subnet mask is sufficient for the whole network.
• Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria The paper provides an overview of the concepts of security assurance and trusted systems, an evaluation of the ways of providing security assurance throughout the life cycle, an overview of the validation and verification, and […]
• Advanced Data & Computer Architecture Solid knowledge and understanding of the information architecture, access, storage mechanisms and technologies, internet mechanisms, and systems administration contribute to the complete knowledge of the whole system architecture.
• Computer Hardware: Structure, Purpose, Pros and Cons The main focus of the post is with respect to the security issues of web 2. 0 technologies is susceptible to is SQL injection attacks, which primarily entail the use of a code injection technique […]
• Assessing and Mitigating the Risks to a Hypothetical Computer System The security of information is very important for the success of any organization and therefore should be given the first priority in the organization’s strategic plans.
• Computer Technology: Databases Databases are components of Information Systems that are used when the Information Systems have large amounts of a, especially when the interfaces in the Information System are interactive, and when users can access the system […]
• The Reduction in Computer Performance The Check Disk utility available in Windows XP enables one to monitor the health of the hard disk. This utility will analyze the disk and display actions that can be undertaken to recover disk space.
• Advancements in Computer Science and Their Effects on Wireless Networks The most significant technological advancement witnessed in the 20th century was the expansion of World Wide Web in the 1990s. The wireless developments in the society have in addition greatly improved from the advent of […]
• Choosing an Appropriate Computer System for the Home Use It looked at the history of how personal computers have evolved to become one of the most adopted gargets in businesses and the personal lives of many individuals.
• Global Climate and Computer Science In an attempt to discover the role technology can play in the research of climate change, several approaches have been recommended by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
• Threats to Computer Users This calls for increased vigilance and awareness by these users, to protect the confidentiality and their data and personal information. In most cases, the links lead to duplicates of authentic sites and require the unsuspecting […]
• Computer Network Security Legal Framework With the introduction of cloud computing, the need of data protection has been rising significantly within computer networks to facilitate the protection of Intellectual Property among the users.
• Computer Forensics and Audio Data Retrieval Advanced technology in the modern society has contributed to the increase in computer and computer supported criminal activities due to the soaring increases in the number of internet users across the world and computerization of […]
• Computer Sciences Technology: E-Commerce E-commerce is synonymous with e-business and entails the buying and selling of goods and services on the internet especially the World Wide Web.
• Computer Forensics: Data Acquisition
• Computer Forensic Timeline Visualization Tool
• The Qatar Independence Schools’ Computer Network Security Control
• Computer Sciences Technology: Smart Clothes
• Human-Computer Interaction and Communication
• Dependability of Computer Systems
• Computer Sciences Technology: Influencing Policy Letter
• Computer Control System in a Laboratory Setting
• Property and Computer Crimes
• Current Laws and Acts That Pertain to Computer Security
• Computer Network: Electronic Mail Server
• Evolution of Computers in Commercial Industries and Healthcare
• Honeypots and Honeynets in Network Security
• The Life, Achievement, and Legacy to Computer Systems of Bill Gates
• Life, Achievement, and Legacy to Computer Systems of Alan Turing
• Computer Sciences Technology and HTTPS Hacking Protection
• Protecting Computers From Security Threats
• Computer Sciences Technology: Admonition in IT Security
• Overview of Computer Languages – Python
• Research Tools Used by Computer Forensic Teams
• Maintenance and Establishment of Computer Security
• Computer Tech Company’s Medical Leave Problem
• Sales Plan for Computer Equipment
• Smartwatches: Computer on the Wrist
• Purpose of the Computer Information Science Course
• How to Sell Computers: PC Type and End User Correlation
• Technological Facilities: Computers in Education
• Computers’ Critical Role in Modern Life
• The Five Developments of the Computers
• History of the Personal Computer: From 1804 to Nowadays
• Malware: Code Red Computer Worm
• Sidetrack Computer Tech Business Description
• Strayer University’s Computer Labs Policy
• Computers Brief History: From Pre-Computer Hardware to Modern Computers
• Computer Assisted Language Learning in English
• Shaping and Profiting From the Computer Revolution: Bill Gates
• TUI University: Computer Capacity Evaluation
• “Failure to Connect – How Computers Affect Our Children’s Minds and What We Can Do About It” by Jane M. Healy
• Human Mind Simply: A Biological Computer
• Quasar Computers Company’s Economic Strategies
• Computer Security System: Identity Theft
• Analogical Reasoning in Computer Ethics
• Computer Security: Intrusion Detection System Policy
• Computer Mediated Communication Enhance or Inhibit
• Technical Communication: Principles of Computer Security
• How Computers Have Changed the Way People Communicate
• Principles of Computer Security
• Why to Choose Mac Over Windows Personal Computer
• Biometrics and Computer Security
• Computer Addiction: Side Effects and Possible Solutions
• Marketing: Graphic and Voice Capabilities of a Computer Software Technology
• “ESL Students’ Computer-Mediated Communication Practices” by Dong Shin
• Computer Adventure Games Analysis
• Legal and Ethical Issues in Computer Security
• The Research of Computer Assisted Instructions
• Mind, Brains, and Computer: Homunculus Theories
• Computer and Information Tech Program in Education
• Computer Software and Wireless Information Systems
• Growing Compatibility Issues: Computers and User Privacy
• Computer Vision: Tracking the Hand Using Bayesian Models
• Computer Virus User Awareness
• Modern Portable Computer – Battery Technology, LCD Displays, Low-Power CPUs
• Firewalls in Computer Security
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• Dam Computers Company’s Strategic Business Planning
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• The Popularity of Esports Among Computer Gamers
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• IBM Website and Human-Computer Interaction
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• Computers R Us Company’s Customer Satisfaction
• Apple Ipad: History of the Tablet Computers and Their Connection to Asia
• Computer Emergency Readiness Team
• Computer Literacy: Parents and Guardians Role
• Computers in Security, Education, Business Fields
• Graph Theory Application in Computer Science
• Epistemic Superiority Over Computer Simulations
• Computer Crimes and Internet Security
• The History of Computer Storage
• Personal Computers and Protection of Privacy
• Fertil Company’s Computer and Information Security
• Computer-Assisted Language Learning: Barriers
• Computer-Assisted Second Language Learning Tools
• Computer Assisted Language Learning in L2 Education
• Computer-Assisted English Language Learning
• Computer Gaming Influence on the Academic Performance
• Human Computer Interaction: Types of Special Needs
• PowerPoint Computer Program: Principles and Processes
• Computer and Digital Forensics and Cybercrimes
• Online and Computer-Based Technology Issues
• Computer Reservations System in Hotel
• VSphere Computer Networking: Planning and Configuring
• Human Computer Interaction in Web Based Systems
• Cybercrime, Digital Evidence, Computer Forensics
• Human Overdependence on Computers
• Medical Uses of Computer-Mediated Communication
• Personal Computers in the U.S. Market
• HP Company’s Computer Networking Business
• Foreign Direct Investment in the South Korean Computer Industry
• Computer Mediated Interpersonal and Intercultural Communication
• Computer Apps for Productive Endeavors of Youth
• Computer Security and Computer Criminals
• Dell Computers Company Planning and Organization
• Humanities and Computer Science Collaboration
• Globalization Influence on the Computer Technologies
• Euro Computer Systems and Order Fulfillment Center Conflict
• Computer Science Program in Colleges and Universities
• Computer Science: Threats to Internet Privacy
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• Design and Installation of a Computer Network
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• Melissa Virus and Its Effects on Computers
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• How Computers Work: Components and Power
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• Environmental Friendly Strategy for Quality Computers Limited
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• Computer R Us Company: Initiatives for Improving Customer Satisfaction
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• Computer Adaptive Testing and Using Computer Technology
• Computer Games: Morality in the Virtual World
• How Computer Based Training Can Help Teachers Learn New Teaching and Training Methods
• Human Computer Interaction – Heptic Technology in PlayMotion
• Apple Computer, Inc.: Maintaining the Music Business
• Human Computer Interface: Evolution and Changes
• Computer and Digital Music Players Industry: Apple Inc. Analysis
• Computer Manufacturer: Apple Computer Inc.
• Theft of Information and Unauthorized Computer Access
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• The Computer-Mediated Learning Module
• Computer Security and Its Main Goals
• Apple Computer Inc. – History and Goals of This Multinational Corporation
• Computer Technology in Education
• Telecommunication and Computer Networking in Healthcare
• The Convergence of the Computer Graphics and the Moving Image
• Computer Forensics Related Ethics
• Microsoft Operating System for Personal Computers a Monopoly in the Markets
• People Are Too Dependent on Computers
• Computer-Mediated Communication: Study Evaluation
• Computer Assisted Language Learning in the Middle East
• Apple Computer, Inc. Organizational Culture and Ethics
• Computer-Based Information Systems and E-Business Strategy
• Analyses and Model Forms: Computer Sciences Corporation Case Study
• Computer Sciences Corporation: Michael Horton
• Review: “Computers Learn to Listen, and Some Talk Back” by Lohr and Markoff
• The Role of Computer Forensics in Criminology
• Paralinguistic Cues in Computer-Mediated Communications in Personality Traits
• Computer-Mediated Communication
• Comparison of Three Tablet Computers: Ipad2, Motorola Xoom and Samsung Galaxy
• Decker Computers: E-Commerce Website App
• Apple Computer Inc. Marketing
• The Future of Human Computer Interface and Interactions
• Third Age Living and Computer Technologies in Old Age Learning
• Human-Computer Interaction in Health Care
• Computer Technology and Networked Organizations
• Computer System Electronic Components
• Computer Safety: Types and Technologies
• Reflections and Evaluations on Key Issues Concerning Computer
• ClubIT Computer Company: Information and Technology Solutions
• The Impact of Computers
• Tablet PCs Popularity and Application
• Computer Addiction in Modern Society
• Strategic Marketing: Dell and ASUSTeK Computer Inc.
• Advancement of the Computer: Microchips and Semiconductors
• Computers in the Classroom: Pros and Cons
• Computer Cookies: What Are They and How Do They Work
• Modeling, Prototyping and CASE Tools: The Inventions to Support the Computer Engineering
• Ergotron Inc Computer Workstation Environment
• Experts Respond to Questions Better Than Computers
• Online Video and Computer Games
• Through a Computer Display and What People See There: Communication Technologies and the Quality of Social Interactions
• Computer Based Training Verses Instructor Lead Training
• Social Implications of Computer Technology: Cybercrimes
• Leasing Computers at Persistent Learning
• Tablet Computer Technology
• Ethics in Computer Hacking
• Computer Forensics and Investigations
• Preparing a Computer Forensics Investigation Plan
• Basic Operations of Computer Forensic Laboratories
• Computer-Based Testing: Beneficial or Detrimental?
• Information Technology: Computer Software
• Project Management and Computer Charting
• HP: Arguably the Best Computer Brand Today
• Computer Networks and Security
• The Computer Microchip Industry
• Computer Technician and Labor Market
• Network Security and Its Importance in Computer Networks
• Company Analysis: Apple Computer
• Preparation of Correspondences by Typewriters and Computers
• Responsibilities of Computer Professionals to Understanding and Protecting the Privacy Rights
• Computers & Preschool Children: Why They Are Required in Early Childhood Centers
• Computer and Telecommunication Technologies in the Worlds’ Economy
• Computer Survey Analysis: Preferences of the People
• Computer Security: Safeguard Private and Confidential Information
• Writing Argumentative Essay With Computer Aided Formulation
• Computer Communication Network in Medical Schools
• Computer Fraud and Contracting
• Computer Systems in Hospital
• Introduction to Computers Malicious Software (Trojan Horses)
• Computer Viruses: Spreading, Multiplying and Damaging
• Computer Security Breaches and Hacking
• Purchasing or Leasing Computer Equipment: Advantages and Disadvantages
• State Laws Regarding Computer Use and Abuse
• Apple Computer: The Twenty-First Century Innovator
• Computer Crimes Defense and Prevention
• Concept and Types of the Computer Networks
• How Have Computers Changed the Wage Structure?
• Do Computers and the Internet Help Students Learn?
• How Are Computers Used in Pavement Management?
• Are Americans Becoming Too Dependent on Computers?
• How Are Data Being Represented in Computers?
• Can Computers Replace Teachers?
• How Did Computers Affect the Privacy of Citizens?
• Are Computers Changing the Way Humans Think?
• How Are Computers and Technology Manifested in Every Aspect of an American’s Life?
• Can Computers Think?
• What Benefits Are Likely to Result From an Increasing Use of Computers?
• How Are Computers Essential in Criminal Justice Field?
• Are Computers Compromising Education?
• How Are Computers Used in the Military?
• Did Computers Really Change the World?
• How Have Computers Affected International Business?
• Should Computers Replace Textbooks?
• How Have Computers Made the World a Global Village?
• What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages for Society of the Reliance on Communicating via Computers?
• Will Computers Control Humans in the Future?
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54 Most Interesting Technology Research Topics for 2023

May 30, 2023

Scrambling to find technology research topics for the assignment that’s due sooner than you thought? Take a scroll down these 54 interesting technology essay topics in 10 different categories, including controversial technology topics, and some example research questions for each.

Social technology research topics

Whether you have active profiles on every social media platform, you’ve taken a social media break, or you generally try to limit your engagement as much as possible, you probably understand how pervasive social technologies have become in today’s culture. Social technology will especially appeal to those looking for widely discussed, mainstream technology essay topics.

• How do viewers respond to virtual influencers vs human influencers? Is one more effective or ethical over the other?
• Across social media platforms, when and where is mob mentality most prevalent? How do the nuances of mob mentality shift depending on the platform or topic?
• Portable devices like cell phones, laptops, and tablets have certainly made daily life easier in some ways. But how have they made daily life more difficult?
• How does access to social media affect developing brains? And what about mature brains?
• Can dating apps alter how users perceive and interact with people in real life?
• Studies have proven “doomscrolling” to negatively impact mental health—could there ever be any positive impacts?

Cryptocurrency and blockchain technology research topics

Following cryptocurrency and blockchain technology has been a rollercoaster the last few years. And since Bitcoin’s conception in 2009, cryptocurrency has consistently showed up on many lists of controversial technology topics.

• Is it ethical for celebrities or influential people to promote cryptocurrencies or cryptographic assets like NFTs ?
• What are the environmental impacts of mining cryptocurrencies? Could those impacts ever change?
• How does cryptocurrency impact financial security and financial health?
• Could the privacy cryptocurrency offers ever be worth the added security risks?
• How might cryptocurrency regulations and impacts continue to evolve?
• Created to enable cryptocurrency, blockchain has since proven useful in several other industries. What new uses could blockchain have?

Artificial intelligence technology research topics

We started 2023 with M3GAN’s box office success, and now we’re fascinated (or horrified) with ChatGPT , voice cloning , and deepfakes . While people have discussed artificial intelligence for ages, recent advances have really pushed this topic to the front of our minds. Those searching for controversial technology topics should pay close attention to this one.

• OpenAI –the company behind ChatGPT–has shown commitment to safe, moderated AI tools that they hope will provide positive benefits to society. Sam Altman, their CEO, recently testified before a US Senate He described what AI makes possible and called for more regulation in the industry. But even with companies like OpenAI displaying efforts to produce safe AI and advocating for regulations, can AI ever have a purely positive impact? Are certain pitfalls unavoidable?
• In a similar vein, can AI ever actually be ethically or safely produced? Will there always be certain risks?
• How might AI tools impact society across future generations?
• Countless movies and television shows explore the idea of AI going wrong, going back all the way to 1927’s Metropolis . What has a greater impact on public perception—representations in media or industry developments? And can public perception impact industry developments and their effectiveness?

Beauty and anti-aging technology 

Throughout human history, people in many cultures have gone to extreme lengths to capture and maintain a youthful beauty. But technology has taken the pursuit of beauty and youth to another level. For those seeking technology essay topics that are both timely and timeless, this one’s a gold mine.

• With augmented reality technology, companies like Perfect allow app users to virtually try on makeup, hair color, hair accessories, and hand or wrist accessories. Could virtual try-ons lead to a somewhat less wasteful beauty industry? What downsides should we consider?
• Users of the Perfect app can also receive virtual diagnoses for skin care issues and virtually “beautify” themselves with smoothed skin, erased blemishes, whitened teeth, brightened under-eye circles, and reshaped facial structures. How could advancements in beauty and anti-aging technology affect self-perception and mental health?
• What are the best alternatives to animal testing within the beauty and anti-aging industry?
• Is anti-aging purely a cosmetic pursuit? Could anti-aging technology provide other benefits?
• Could people actually find a “cure” to aging? And could a cure to aging lead to longer lifespans?
• How might longer human lifespans affect the Earth?

Geoengineering technology research topics

An umbrella term, geoengineering refers to large-scale technologies that can alter the earth and its climate. Typically, these types of technologies aim to combat climate change. Those searching for controversial technology topics should consider looking into this one.

• What benefits can solar geoengineering provide? Can they outweigh the severe risks?
• Compare solar geoengineering methods like mirrors in space, stratospheric aerosol injection, marine cloud brightening, and other proposed methods. How have these methods evolved? How might they continue to evolve?
• Which direct air capture methods are most sustainable?
• How can technology contribute to reforestation efforts?
• What are the best uses for biochar? And how can biochar help or harm the earth?
• Out of all the carbon geoengineering methods that exist or have been proposed, which should we focus on the most?

Creative and performing arts technology topics

While tensions often arise between artists and technology, they’ve also maintained a symbiotic relationship in many ways. It’s complicated. But of course, that’s what makes it interesting. Here’s another option for those searching for timely and timeless technology essay topics.

• How has the relationship between art and technology evolved over time?
• How has technology impacted the ways people create art? And how has technology impacted the ways people engage with art?
• Technology has made creating and viewing art widely accessible. Does this increased accessibility change the value of art? And do we value physical art more than digital art?
• Does technology complement storytelling in the performing arts? Or does technology hinder storytelling in the performing arts?
• Which current issues in the creative or performing arts could potentially be solved with technology?

Cellular agriculture technology research topics

And another route for those drawn to controversial technology topics: cellular agriculture. You’ve probably heard about popular plant-based meat options from brands like Impossible and Beyond Meat . While products made with cellular agriculture also don’t require the raising and slaughtering of livestock, they are not plant-based. Cellular agriculture allows for the production of animal-sourced foods and materials made from cultured animal cells.

• Many consumers have a proven bias against plant-based meats. Will that same bias extend to cultured meat, despite cultured meat coming from actual animal cells?
• Which issues can arise from patenting genes?
• Does the animal agriculture industry provide any benefits that cellular agriculture may have trouble replicating?
• How might products made with cellular agriculture become more affordable?
• Could cellular agriculture conflict with the notion of a “ circular bioeconomy ?” And should we strive for a circular bioeconomy? Can we create a sustainable relationship between technology, capitalism, and the environment, with or without cellular agriculture?

Transportation technology research topics

For decades, we’ve expected flying cars to carry us into a techno-utopia, where everything’s shiny, digital, and easy. We’ve heard promises of super fast trains that can zap us across the country or even across the world. We’ve imagined spring breaks on the moon, jet packs, and teleportation. Who wouldn’t love the option to go anywhere, anytime, super quickly? Transportation technology is another great option for those seeking widely discussed, mainstream technology essay topics.

• Once upon a time, Lady Gaga was set to perform in space as a promotion for Virgin Galactic . While Virgin Galactic never actually launched the iconic musician/actor, soon, they hope to launch their first commercial flight full of civilians–who paid $450,000 a pop–on a 90-minute trip into the stars. And if you think that’s pricey, SpaceX launched three businessmen into space for $55 million in April, 2022 (though with meals included, this is actually a total steal). So should we be launching people into space just for fun? What are the impacts of space tourism?
• Could technology improve the way hazardous materials get transported?
• How can the 5.9 GHz Safety Band affect drivers?
• Which might be safer: self-driving cars or self-flying airplanes?
• Compare hyperloop and maglev Which is better and why?
• Can technology improve safety for cyclists?

Gaming technology topics

A recent study involving over 2000 children found links between video game play and enhanced cognitive abilities. While many different studies have found the impacts of video games to be positive or neutral, we still don’t fully understand the impact of every type of video game on every type of brain. Regardless, most people have opinions on video gaming. So this one’s for those seeking widely discussed, mainstream, and controversial technology topics.

• Are different types or genres of video games more cognitively beneficial than others? Or are certain gaming consoles more cognitively beneficial than others?
• How do the impacts of video games differ from other types of games, such as board games or puzzles?
• What ethical challenges and safety risks come with virtual reality gaming?
• How does a player perceive reality during a virtual reality game compared to during other types of video games?
• Can neurodivergent brains benefit from video games in different ways than neurotypical brains?

Medical technology 

Advancements in healthcare have the power to change and save lives. In the last ten years, countless new medical technologies have been developed, and in the next ten years, countless more will likely emerge. Always relevant and often controversial, this final technology research topic could interest anyone.

• Which ethical issues might arise from editing genes using CRISPR-Cas9 technology? And should this technology continue to be illegal in the United States?
• How has telemedicine impacted patients and the healthcare they receive?
• Can neurotechnology devices potentially affect a user’s agency, identity, privacy, and/or cognitive liberty?
• How could the use of medical 3-D printing continue to evolve?
• Are patients more likely to skip digital therapeutics than in-person therapeutic methods? And can the increased screen-time required by digital therapeutics impact mental health

What do you do next?

Now that you’ve picked from this list of technology essay topics, you can do a deep dive and immerse yourself in new ideas, new information, and new perspectives. And of course, now that these topics have motivated you to change the world, look into the best computer science schools , the top feeders to tech and Silicon Valley , the best summer programs for STEM students , and the best biomedical engineering schools .

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Mariya holds a BFA in Creative Writing from the Pratt Institute and is currently pursuing an MFA in writing at the University of California Davis. Mariya serves as a teaching assistant in the English department at UC Davis. She previously served as an associate editor at Carve Magazine for two years, where she managed 60 fiction writers. She is the winner of the 2015 Stony Brook Fiction Prize, and her short stories have been published in Mid-American Review , Cutbank , Sonora Review , New Orleans Review , and The Collagist , among other magazines.

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127 Technology Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

Inside This Article

Technology has become an integral part of our daily lives, shaping the way we communicate, work, and interact with the world around us. As such, it is no surprise that technology has become a popular topic for essays and research papers. If you're struggling to come up with a topic for your next technology essay, fear not! We've compiled a list of 127 technology essay topic ideas and examples to help get your creative juices flowing.

• The impact of social media on society
• The role of artificial intelligence in healthcare
• The future of virtual reality technology
• The ethical implications of gene editing technology
• The rise of remote work and its impact on the workforce
• The benefits and drawbacks of self-driving cars
• The role of technology in education
• The impact of smartphones on mental health
• The potential dangers of deepfake technology
• The benefits of renewable energy technology
• The impact of automation on the job market
• The role of technology in disaster preparedness and response
• The future of space exploration technology
• The impact of 5G technology on communication networks
• The ethics of data mining and surveillance technology
• The impact of biometric technology on security
• The potential of blockchain technology in various industries
• The impact of e-commerce on traditional retail businesses
• The future of wearable technology
• The role of technology in combating climate change
• The implications of quantum computing technology
• The impact of big data on business decision-making
• The benefits and drawbacks of drone technology
• The role of technology in shaping political movements
• The potential of augmented reality technology in education
• The impact of online dating apps on relationships
• The ethics of artificial intelligence in decision-making
• The impact of cybersecurity threats on businesses
• The future of 3D printing technology
• The benefits of telemedicine technology
• The implications of autonomous weapons technology
• The impact of technology on mental health treatment
• The role of technology in disaster recovery efforts
• The future of smart home technology
• The benefits and drawbacks of online learning platforms
• The impact of technology on social relationships
• The ethics of gene editing technology in agriculture
• The potential of virtual reality technology in therapy
• The impact of technology on the music industry
• The role of technology in promoting environmental sustainability
• The implications of artificial intelligence in job automation
• The benefits and drawbacks of cryptocurrency technology
• The future of quantum encryption technology
• The impact of technology on personal privacy
• The role of technology in healthcare data management
• The potential of nanotechnology in medical research
• The ethics of facial recognition technology
• The impact of technology on the entertainment industry
• The benefits and drawbacks of cloud computing technology
• The future of biometric identification technology
• The role of technology in promoting social justice
• The implications of autonomous vehicles in transportation
• The impact of technology on food production and distribution
• The ethics of artificial intelligence in criminal justice
• The potential of blockchain technology in supply chain management
• The benefits and drawbacks of smart city technology
• The future of voice recognition technology
• The impact of technology on the travel industry
• The role of technology in disaster prevention efforts
• The implications of artificial intelligence in creative industries
• The ethics of genetic engineering technology
• The benefits and drawbacks of cloud storage technology
• The future of quantum communication technology
• The impact of technology on online privacy
• The role of technology in improving access to healthcare
• The potential of biometric authentication technology
• The benefits and drawbacks of social media platforms
• The future of artificial intelligence in customer service
• The impact of technology on urban planning and development
• The role of technology in promoting diversity and inclusion
• The implications of autonomous drones in warfare
• The ethics of artificial intelligence in journalism
• The potential of blockchain technology in voting systems
• The benefits and drawbacks of smart grid technology
• The future of virtual assistant technology
• The impact of technology on the gig economy
• The role of technology in promoting financial inclusion
• The implications of artificial intelligence in creative writing
• The ethics of facial recognition technology in law enforcement
• The potential of blockchain technology in healthcare records
• The benefits and drawbacks of smart wearables
• The future of quantum computing in cybersecurity
• The impact of technology on social activism
• The role of technology in improving disaster response times
• The implications of artificial intelligence in art and design
• The ethics of genetic modification technology in agriculture
• The potential of blockchain technology in digital identity
• The benefits and drawbacks of smart transportation systems
• The future of quantum sensors technology
• The impact of technology on online security
• The role of technology in promoting mental wellness
• The implications of artificial intelligence in financial markets
• The ethics of facial recognition technology in public spaces
• The potential of blockchain technology in real estate transactions
• The benefits and drawbacks of smart farming technology
• The future of quantum encryption in data protection
• The impact of technology on workplace productivity
• The role of technology in promoting environmental conservation
• The implications of artificial intelligence in healthcare diagnostics
• The ethics of genetic editing technology in human reproduction
• The potential of blockchain technology in intellectual property rights
• The benefits and drawbacks of smart energy management systems
• The future of quantum computing in scientific research
• The impact of technology on online censorship
• The role of technology in promoting healthy lifestyles
• The implications of artificial intelligence in legal services
• The ethics of facial recognition technology in public safety
• The potential of blockchain technology in cross-border payments
• The benefits and drawbacks of smart manufacturing technology
• The future of quantum communication in secure messaging
• The impact of technology on social inequality
• The role of technology in promoting gender equality
• The implications of artificial intelligence in military operations
• The ethics of genetic engineering technology in human enhancement
• The potential of blockchain technology in digital voting systems
• The benefits and drawbacks of smart water management systems
• The future of quantum sensors in medical diagnostics
• The impact of technology on online addiction
• The role of technology in promoting cultural diversity
• The implications of artificial intelligence in autonomous decision-making
• The ethics of facial recognition technology in immigration control
• The potential of blockchain technology in cryptocurrency regulation
• The benefits and drawbacks of smart waste management systems
• The future of quantum encryption in secure communication
• The impact of technology on social isolation
• The role of technology in promoting global cooperation
• The implications of artificial intelligence in ethical decision-making

In conclusion, technology offers a vast array of essay topics that can be explored from various perspectives. Whether you're interested in the ethical implications of artificial intelligence or the potential of blockchain technology, there is no shortage of ideas to choose from. So, pick a topic that interests you and start writing your next technology essay today!

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Computer Science Essay Examples

Explore 15+ Brilliant Computer Science Essay Examples: Tips Included

Published on: May 5, 2023

Last updated on: Jan 30, 2024

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Do you struggle with writing computer science essays that get you the grades you deserve?

If so, you're not alone!

Crafting a top-notch essay can be a daunting task, but it's crucial to your success in the field of computer science.

For that, CollegeEssay.org has a solution for you!

In this comprehensive guide, we'll provide you with inspiring examples of computer science essays. You'll learn everything you need to know to write effective and compelling essays that impress your professors and get you the grades you deserve.

So, let's dive in and discover the secrets to writing amazing computer science essays!

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Computer Science Essays: Understanding the Basics

A computer science essay is a piece of writing that explores a topic related to computer science. It may take different forms, such as an argumentative essay, a research paper, a case study, or a reflection paper. 

Just like any other essay, it should be well-researched, clear, concise, and effectively communicate the writer's ideas and arguments.

Computer essay examples encompass a wide range of topics and types, providing students with a diverse set of writing opportunities. 

Here, we will explore some common types of computer science essays:

Middle School Computer Science Essay Example

College Essay Example Computer Science

University Computer Science Essay Example

Computer Science Extended Essay Example

Uiuc Computer Science Essay Example [

Computer Science Essay Examples For Different Fields

Computer science is a broad field that encompasses many different areas of study. For that, given below are some examples of computer science essays for some of the most popular fields within the discipline. 

By exploring these examples, you can gain insight into the different types of essays within this field.

College Application Essay Examples Computer Science

The Future of Computers Technology

Historical Development of Computer Science

Young Children and Technology: Building Computer Literacy

Computer Science And Artificial Intelligence

Looking for more examples of computer science essays? Given below are some additional examples of computer science essays for readers to explore and gain further inspiration from. 

Computer Science – My Choice for Future Career

My Motivation to Pursue Undergraduate Studies in Computer Engineering

Abstract Computer Science

Computer Science Personal Statement Example

Sop For Computer Science

Computer Science Essay Topics

There are countless computer science essay topics to choose from, so it can be challenging to narrow down your options. 

However, the key is to choose a topic that you are passionate about and that aligns with your assignment requirements.

Here are ten examples of computer science essay topics to get you started:

• The impact of artificial intelligence on society: benefits and drawbacks
• Cybersecurity measures in cloud computing systems
• The Ethics of big data: privacy, bias, and Transparency
• The future of quantum computing: possibilities and challenges
• The Role of computer hardware in Healthcare: current applications and potential innovations
• Programming languages: a comparative analysis of their strengths and weaknesses
• The use of machine learning in predicting human behavior
• The challenges and solutions for developing secure and reliable software
• The Role of blockchain technology in improving supply chain management
• The use of data analytics in business decision-making.

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Tips to Write an Effective Computer Science Essay

Writing an effective computer science essay requires a combination of technical expertise and strong writing skills. Here are some tips to help you craft a compelling and well-written essay:

Understand the Requirements: Make sure you understand the assignment requirements, including the essay type, format, and length.

• Choose a Topic: Select a topic that you are passionate about and that aligns with your assignment requirements.
• Create an Outline: Develop a clear and organized outline that highlights the main points and subtopics of your essay.
• Use Appropriate Language and Tone: Use technical terms and language when appropriate. But ensure your writing is clear, concise, and accessible to your target audience.
• Provide Evidence: Use relevant and credible evidence to support your claims, and ensure you cite your sources correctly.
• Edit and Proofread Your Essay: Review your essay for clarity, coherence, and accuracy. Check for grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, and formatting issues.

By following these tips, you can improve the quality of your computer science essay and increase your chances of success.

In conclusion, writing a computer science essay can be a challenging yet rewarding experience. 

It allows you to showcase your knowledge and skills within the field and develop your writing and critical thinking abilities. By following the examples provided in this blog, you can create an effective computer science essay, which will meet your requirements.

If you find yourself struggling with the writing process, consider seeking essay writing help online from CollegeEssay.org. 

Our AI essay writer can provide guidance and support in crafting a top-notch computer science essay.

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100+ Top Technology Research Topics for Students

When pursuing their studies, learners are required to write papers and essays on technology research topics. This is a major academic task that influences the final grade that learners graduate with. But, the grades that students score are largely dependent on the technology topics that they opt to write about. Technology is generally a broad study field. As such, choosing research topics on technology is not always easy. If struggling to choose a good technology research topic for your academic paper or essay, here are some of the best ideas to consider.

Trendy Technology Research Topics

Perhaps, you need a prominent research topic about technology. In that case, you should consider prominent technology research paper topics. Here are some of the most trendy topics about technology to consider.

• Technology use in education (here is our list of 110 topics in education research )
• Space and technology studies (check out our top 30 space research topics )
• Current and stunning developments in technology
• Shocking inventions in modern technology that most people don’t know yet
• What technologies can be considered harmful and destructive?
• How does technology affect people’s values and health?
• Can humans be replaced by robots completely in the workplace?
• How have different countries contributed to modern technology developments
• Transport safety and technology
• Discuss the scope of the use of nanotechnologies
• Discuss the use of technology in medicine
• Which technologies can influence human mental health?
• Discuss how technology is changing human life
• What are the positive effects of technologies on personal safety?
• How does technology affect personal safety negatively?
• Discuss how modern technology facilitates the improvement of educational processes
• How do modern technologies influence users’ mental health?
• Why are robots likely to replace humans in the workplace?
• How has technology influenced space travel?
• Is food preservation technology safe?

This category also includes some of the most controversial technology topics. Nevertheless, each topic should be researched extensively before writing a paper or an essay.

Interesting Information Technology Topics

If pursuing a college or university program in information technology, this category has some of the best options for you. Here are some of the best information technology research topics to consider.

• How useful is unlimited data storage?
• How can humans manage large amounts of information?
• How blurred is the line between the human brain and a computer?
• Is entertainment technology something good or bad?
• Discuss the differences between digital reading and print reading
• How does Google impact the attention span of young people?
• How important are traditional research skills in the current era of advanced information technologies?
• How credible is the information provided by different platforms on the internet?
• Do blogs and books compare?
• Should schools and guardians encourage or discourage the use of media by children?
• Does Google provide the best information when it prefers its specific brands?
• Are humans losing the intelligence developed via conventional reading and research in the current digital age?
• How important is learning to how use social media, iPads, and Smart Boards?
• Should modern technologies be incorporated into teaching?
• How has Google search changed humans?
• How is intelligence gauged by humans?
• Is online information format making the readers skim rather than digest information?
• Is the ease of finding information on the internet something bad or good?
• Is technology changing how people read?
• Can using information technology make you smarter?

Students have many information technology research paper topics to choose from. However, select a topic that you find interesting to research and write about.

Interesting Science and Technology Topics

Are you looking for a science and technology-related topics? If yes, consider topics in this category. Here are some of the most interesting topic ideas in science and technology.

• Discuss the greatest technological and scientific breakthroughs of the 21st century
• How significant is number 0 in science and technology?
• How important is the first black hole image?
• Discuss the unlimited fractals’ perimeter despite their limited area
• How can a person perform mental calculations rapidly?
• Discuss the fourth dimension
• Discuss the math behind the Draft lottery by the NBA
• Differentiate non-parametric and parametric statistics
• Discuss the concept of something being random or impossible to prove mathematically
• Discuss some of the greatest modern age mathematicians
• How are the latest automobile technology improvements protecting the environment?
• Why are Smartphones resistant to viruses and bugs in comparison to computers?
• Discuss the Internet of Things story
• What made vector graphics mainstream and not pixels?
• Discuss the latest technology advances that relate to medicine
• Describe Molten Salt Nuclear Reactors
• Is it possible to power everything with solar energy?
• Explain why smart electronics get slower with time
• Differentiate closed and open systems in technology
• Discuss the process of converting old recordings into new formats

This category has amazing topics on technology and science. Select an idea that you find interesting to research and write a paper or essay about.

The Best Computer Technology Topics

If you’re pursuing a program on computer technologies, you will find educational technology topics in this category very interesting. Here are some of the best topics for technology and computers to consider.

• How can you describe the Machine Learning future?
• Discuss computer science that will be the most important in the future
• Discuss how big data and bioinformatics change biology
• What is the borderline for hardware and software in cloud computing?
• How moving everything to the cloud affects human life?
• Can robots become more intelligent and like people with reinforced learning?
• How can computer programmers enhance device protection with open-source getting trendier?
• Is Google becoming the first machine learning firm?
• Explain machine learning in detail
• Discuss the importance of machine learning
• Which sectors does machine learning affect the most?
• How will virtualization change the entertainment industry?
• Describe virtualization
• Can virtual reality be something bad or good?
• How will virtual reality change education?
• What can humans expect from the internet?
• What improvements can be made on the internet?
• How are robots changing the health sector?
• Are humans yet to invent any computer language?
• What will happen if most tasks that are currently done by humans are taken over by computers?

These are great technology essay topics to consider if pursuing a computer technology program in college or university. They can also be great technology debate topics. Nevertheless, extensive research is required when writing about any of these technology essay topics.

Controversial Topics in Technology for Research Papers and Essays

Are you looking for interesting technology topics that your audience will love to read about? If yes, consider one of these technology controversy topics to research and write about.

• Do law enforcement cameras invade privacy?
• Does the technology age turn humans into zombies?
• Has technology advancement led to a throw-away society?
• How has cloud technology changed data storage?
• How have Smartphones reduced live communication?
• Our modern technologies changing teaching?
• How does the use of IT by construction companies lead to under-spending and recession?
• Discuss the technologies used by NASA to explore Mars
• How dangerous are cell phones?
• How does media technology affect child development?
• Is the use of technology in planning lessons good or bad?
• How does technology influence the educational system?
• Discuss the application of green technologies in engineering, architecture, and construction
• Can modern technologies like cryptocurrencies help in identity theft prevention?
• How can technology be used to enhance energy efficiency?
• How are self-driving cars likely to change human life?
• How did Steve Jobs and Bill Gates change the world with technology
• What is the impact of drone warfare on humans?
• Can the actual reality be substituted by virtual reality?
• Discuss the use of technologies and smart materials in road building

If looking for hot topics in technology, consider some of the ideas in this category. Nevertheless, you can also find technology persuasive speech topics here. That’s because this category has some of the most debatable topics. If you still don’t find a great idea from this list, consider technology security topics or contact our thesis writers . Remember that extensive research is required to write a great paper or essay regardless of the topic that you opt to write about.

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150 Information Technology Essay Topics

🏆 best essay topics on information technology, ✍️ information technology essay topics for college, 👍 good information technology research topics & essay examples, 🌶️ hot information technology ideas to write about, 🎓 most interesting information technology research titles.

• Modern Trends in Information Technology
• Information Technology Implications for Military
• Career Aspirations in Information Technology
• The Healthcare Manager’s Role in Information Technology Management
• Role of Information Technology in Airline Business
• Digital Health Information Technologies
• Information Technology Impact on the Environment
• Information Technology in an Organization The main applications such as Personnel Management System, Inventory Management, General Administration, etc. are fully dependent on modern IT systems.
• Information Technology Field and Disciplines The information technology field may be currently regarded as a rapidly growing sphere that offers respectable and secure positions for people with related academic credentials.
• The Sphere of Information Technology Information technology refers to the use of computers and software in managing information also referred to as management information services.
• Intellectual Property Challenges in Information Technology Sphere As the sphere of IT continues to infiltrate other areas of society, IT managers encounter new challenges balancing the line between restrictions and open access to knowledge.
• Information Technology Policies of the Healthcare Setting The document delineates the information and communication technology procedures of the healthcare setting and the framework for communicating and implementing these policies.
• Information Technology Applications in Healthcare Health IT applications as the most advanced tool that can potentially be used for enhancing patient education through patient-nurse communication.
• Ethical Issues in Information Technology IT ethics may be defined as an analysis of the impact of information technology on the profession and society at large.
• Modern Healthcare Management: The Role of Information Technologies The introduction of IT in medicine made it possible to bring its advancement to a new level and had a beneficial effect on improving the provision of medical care to the patients.
• Fundamentals of Information Technology Information technology deals with computer-based information systems especially computer hardware and software applications.
• Agriculture: Application of Information Technology IT application in agriculture has contributed to food security in most modern communities. Farming has become easier than before as new inventions are made.
• Disney and Information Technology Infrastructure Library This paper provides information about Disney’s experience with ITIL implementations, such as reasons for it, results achieved, possible challenges, and reasons for success.
• Information Technology and Banking Sector IT has influenced two dissimilar areas in banking, including communication and connectivity, together with business progression reengineering.
• Starbucks Company’s Information Technology Approaches This paper identifies specific recommendations for Starbucks and information technology (IT) approaches that can be used to support or implement them.
• Benefits of Health Information Technology Information technology can assist patients in getting their medications, which can be prescribed on video and audio devices.
• Health Information Technology Service Management One of the aspects of using new technology in medicine is HIT service management, which is a process of establishing a framework for IT-related systems and activities.
• United Parcel Service: Information Technology Management Plan The operations of UPS are also designed to make the enterprise financially sound by improving employee buy-in through a broad employee ownership formula.
• Volkswagen Company’s Information Technology This case relates to the efforts that were put by Volkswagen in an effort to set up an Information Technology infrastructure in the organization.
• Information Technologies Importance Information technology is an umbrella term that describes all fields relating to the organization and dissemination of information, from the worker who lays cable wires.
• The Impact of Information Technology on the Human Communication This paper discusses the potential impact of information communication technology on human communication in business in the next 10-15 years.
• Information Technology Enabled Online Learning This paper investigates on the aspect of Information Technology – enabled online learning and the relevant technologies that are utilized.
• Information Technology-Based Data Management in Retail The following paper discusses the specificities of data management and identifies the most apparent ethical considerations using retail as an example.
• The Implication of Information Technology on Marketing Strategy of Healthcare Industry The growth of information technology has transformed marketing strategies of most industries. In the healthcare industry, IT has changed the way marketers relate with customers.
• Information Technology Application in Nursing It is necessary to apply several measures to improve the application of technology in nursing. First, it is necessary to emphasize teaching information technology.
• Health Information Technology and Nursing Practice Standardized data can be effectively used and shared by medical workers, but it is also important to address security issues.
• Information Technology: Barclays’ Business Operations The case of Barclays is a clear indication that companies that embrace the power of emerging technologies will achieve their goals much faster and become more profitable.
• Music Industry and Information Technology The music industry is a term used to describe a wide range of music-related businesses and/or organizations, and various types of musicians.
• WestJet Company’s Information Technology Governance One of the overarching purposes for WestJet to hire Cheryl Smith was to receive an accurate assessment of its own IT infrastructure.
• Women in Information Technology: Barriers and Challenges Damaske’s book “For the Family?” examines women from various social groups and races, offering a contrast that is uncommon in current work-family studies.
• Introduction of Information Technologies in Court Introducing AI and IT technologies in court will significantly increase the technological aspect of justice and its accessibility.
• Computer Ethics: Information Technology Ethics In the field of information technology, one should pay particular attention to professional behavior to comply with corresponding regulations.
• Information Technologies & Risk Management in Business The key point of risk management is their constant monitoring and prevention, ideally coordinated with the duration of project development cycles.
• The USE of Information Technology Networks in the Field of Pedagogy The purpose of this research is to identify the benefits of Information technology networks as Facebook, Twitter and Ning and their use in the field of pedagogy.
• Hilton Hotels’ Information Technology Application Hilton had to come up with a good method to measure ROI on its CRM. Service delivery and contact between customers and hotel staff increased. It is in itself a measure of success.
• Information Technology Oversight and Governance The activity of boards concerning IT differs in various companies because there are no foxed standards for governing the IT-sphere.
• Technology and Communication: The Impact of Information Technologies and the Lack of Personal Contact The rapid development of information technologies has made communication much easier. For instance, people, who can be separated by long distances, can now writer without any difficulty.
• Information Technology Projects in the Healthcare Sector IT projects in healthcare may appear groundbreaking, yet they must be kept to a reasonable standard in both their size and complexity.
• Technical Writing in Information Technology The global goal of the course was to acquire and develop the skills of fundamental research and technical writing in information technology.
• The Problem of Data Security in Information Technology In this paper, the fundamental features related to facts and details protection and knowledge security in the framework of information management are discussed.
• Amazon.com: The State of Information Technology and Management At Amazon.com, the state of information system reveals that the company has gained a competitive advantage as the largest online retailer by using an e-commerce model of business.
• Information Technology: Code of Ethics This paper will help in drafting viable recommendations on how best to integrate ethical codes in IT departments without affecting the rate of progress therein.
• Adhocracy Culture in an Information Technology Company The purpose of this paper is to describe the traits of the characters and leadership qualities of the workers and to provide an overview of the ideal company culture
• General Worldwide Insurance Company Information Technology Generali Worldwide Insurance Company recognizes the need for the effective and safe use of information technology for furthering its governance, risk, and compliance functions.
• Healthcare Information Technology: Information Needs and Implementation of the Health Information System Our system uses the EPIC software system, and the same software network to enhance sharing of information among departments.
• The Health Information Technology Adoption This study aims to understand better the critical concerns with health information technology adoption in physician practice settings.
• Information Technology Project Planning This paper discusses IT project uncertainty, planning, influences of context and process on project planning success, and project planning styles in dynamic environments.
• Using Information Technology and Artificial Intelligence in Critical Care Medicine Artificial Intelligence in critical care is helping to care for patients faster, supervise more patients, calculate the exact dosage for patients, and collect more detailed data.
• Health Information Technology: A Personal View Health information technology is a specialty integrating nursing science with multiple information and analytical sciences to define, identify, manage and communicate data.
• Information Technology Application: Electronic Health Record The electronic health records are used for the recording of all facts related to health care as well as the repository of the information that is clinical.
• Information Technology Infrastructure Library Information Technology Infrastructure Library is the collection of practices that should be adopted for better information technology services.
• Human Computer Interaction in Information Technologies Computers and the appropriate interfaces of interacting with them are used for very different purposes, including Automated Teller Machines (ATMs).
• Information Technology in Firms Technology has not made communication cheaper but has made it way quicker, creating a global village that eases decision-making and the running of organizations.
• Information Technology Project and Risk Management One technological risk is the shortage of indigenous information technology companies in the area of interest. This shortage leads to a deficiency of technically skilled staff.
• Information Technology Standards in Health Care Information technologies (IT) are widely spread today. They are frequently used in the sphere of healthcare to maintain everyday operations.
• Information Technology – Network Security Tools This paper compares three network security tools: GFI Languard Security vulnerability assessment, Tenable Nessus Network Vulnerability assessment, and Saint Vulnerability assessment.
• Credit Corp Inc.’s Information Technology Changes Credit Corp Inc. requires a change in the context of information technologies since the outdated infrastructure leads to losses and decreases customer satisfaction.
• Risk Assessment in Information Technology Field Risk assessment is becoming an important framework for information technology due to its role in ensuring companies are better prepared when dealing with security-related threats.
• Information Technology’s Positive Impact on Medicine Introducing information technologies in the healthcare sector can improve the health service quality and significantly speed up work.
• Information Technology at Healing Hands Hospital With the advancement of technology, there is a need to incorporate the current trends and improve on the existing ones in healthcare facilities.
• Information Technologies in Healthcare Currently, such an industry as nursing computer science has become available which combines traditional nursing skills with technological skills to support positive patient outcomes.
• Critical Success Factors of Information Technology Project Management Given the distinctions in judgment calls and goal-setting relevant to complexity, project managers must have a comprehension of project complexity and how they can control it.
• The Innovative Solutions Information Technology Startup The paper discusses a small IT startup called Innovative Solutions, which was acquired by a multinational enterprise. There are major roadblocks.
• Social Media Initiatives and Information Technology Most people are shifting their focus to media, and this trend, activated and catalyzed during the pandemic, will intensify in the future.
• Health Information Technologies and Processes Health information technologies are vital in enhancing the efficacy of clinical interventions that promote a population’s wellness and disease management.
• The Information Technology Business Analyst Job Posting As the selected job posting for a promotion, it is feasible to emphasize the posting for an IT Business Analyst at Seneca Resources.
• Health Information Technology in Nursing Home Setting Health information technology refers to equipment, databases, and records of resources that are vital within a nursing home setting.
• The Health Information Technology New technologies enable medical professionals to obtain and visually organize large amounts of diverse information that can be utilized for better patient outcomes.
• The Information Technology Project Sponsor Role The paper indicates that the IT project sponsor is a person, usually a supervisor or executive, responsible for the project’s overall success.
• Code of Ethics in Information Technology Sphere The Code of Ethics regulates employee behavior, describes the company’s ideology, and describes the policy regarding co-founders, management, and clients.
• Role of Information Technology in Business Relational databases constitute the basis of business intelligence platforms and are the most common type of databases.
• Long-Term Changes in Information Technology During the Pandemic of COVID-19 The outbreak of the COVID-19 in China is not only destructing the global economy but it can also have a positive effect on the development of the IT industry.
• Information Technology Implementation in Healthcare The task is to assist in identifying potentially severe Covid patients based on a global database. The implementation of the software will proceed in several consequent phases.
• Business Disruptions for Information Technology Services The danger of natural disasters and cyberattacks lies in the fact that they might destroy the availability of IT services and paralyze the entire organization’s work.
• Cobit 5 Framework 19: Risks Assessment of Information Technology COBIT 5 fills the gap of information necessity required by businesses to provide IT expertise for governance and management.
• Information Technology Liberty Mutual The paper aims to provide the assessment of the changes in the IT-sphere, describing how these actions influenced the entire insurance of the Liberty Mutual Company.
• Information Technology: Real-Time Processing and Multi-Processing Database Systems This paper attempts to provide a recommendation between real-time processing and multi-processing database systems for the booking of Windsor Recreational Park.
• Health Care Using Health Information Technology This paper aimed at discussing emerging lessons on the use of E-prescription. The capacity of E-prescribing systems to provide medication given by a pharmacist is vital.
• Business Intelligence and Information Technologies Recent research has shown that many companies are data-rich but still information poor, despite having invested heavily in IT.
• Turning Information Technology Department into Chief Information Officer Organization The new CIO organization is different from the IT department since it is more comprehensive with lean and efficient personnel to manage it.
• Healthcare Information Technology Trends The paper discusses that the healthcare technology trend is the most promising for impacting healthcare technology in nursing practice.
• Health Information Technology and Decision Makers The Chief Executive Officer and members of the executive board were the key decision-makers who helped the health information technology project to move forward.
• Health Care Information Technologies Applications There are three forms of health care information technology applications, which are telemedicine application, E-prescribing, and personal health records.
• Caring Meets Technology: Health Information Technology Most of the healthcare professionals within the institution were reluctant to adopt health information technology because they had limited knowledge of the use of computers.
• Cyberspace: Analysis of Current Information Technology Issue Cyberspace has developed from a simple academic and research network to a complex communication network used to perpetuate many activities on a day-to-day basis.
• The Security of Data in Information Technology Areas This paper looks at the security of data in information technology areas to form an opinion on the state of affairs in that department of the industry.
• Business Process & Information Technology: Supply Chain Management IT based Grid technology powered supply chain relies on network boosted through World Wide Web, internet and intranet.
• Business Continuity Through the Use of Information Technology Business continuity refers to an organization’s capacity to maintain its essential functions in the midst of as well as after a disaster.
• Information Technology and Systems. Development. Use for Enterprises Development in information systems was more rampant as a result of alliances between the military and industrial sectors.
• Information Technology Disaster Recovery Planning Disaster recovery planning is the procedure and policies set aside by a given organization to ensure their continuity and recovery from a natural or human-caused disaster.
• Health Information Technology IT is discussed in the paper from the standpoint of its relevance, negative and positive impact on the sphere. The future prospects of IT are also stated.
• Information Technology Utilization in Nursing Within the context of Macpractice software, the paper investigates the benefits of applying IT in nursing settings.
• Development and Launch of an Information Technology Product This article looks at the launch of a new IT product developed by Framers, discussing its importance, methodology, advantages, and disadvantages.
• Health Information Technology Influence on Care Delivery The utilization of EHR and HIE in the hospital setting can help alleviate health-related information transmission and be the foundation of NHIN’s infrastructure.
• Florida Health Information Technology Code of Practice Healthcare professionals are not allowed to discuss the patient’s medical information other than the patient, his legal representative and another healthcare professional.
• Information Technology Project Portfolio Management Project portfolio management (PPM) is beneficial to IT professionals in several ways apart from an overall increase in efficiency of monitoring and evaluation of ongoing projects.
• The Successful Information Technology Strategy Information technology is one of the most important areas in any company or organization. This paper discusses How does a successful Information technology strategy look like.
• Jono Limited: Implementation of an Information Technology System Recommendations for the implementation of an information technology system in Jono Limited to improve its activities.
• Information Technology and Mexican Drug Cartels The new strategy involves the use of information technology, a first by organized crime syndicates, to influence public opinion and government action in the area.
• Information Technology in Gamers Heaven Company The essay looks into the different types of hardware and software used by the Gamers Heaven Company, located opposite Sainsbury, the United Kingdom.
• Information Technology for Healthcare Quality The hospital information system needs to be organized in a way that would minimize potential problems with its use.
• Information Technology Training in Primary Care The paper tries to bridge the gap between literature available on imparting information technology training in primary care settings and how it affects nursing skills.
• Information Technology Training in Primary Care by Alpay et al. Without training and new programs for nurses, it would be impossible to introduce information systems in a primary care setting.
• Information Technology: Decomposition Aspects of Usability Usability of software applications, websites, interfaces and the ease with which a user is able to complete the tasks by using a website or software application.
• Disability and Information Technology Education This paper proposes to study how the disabled can be taught ICT and the benefits of introducing ICT education to the disabled.
• Identifying Three Trends in Information Technology As part of the business or other enterprises, information technology (IT) is a rapidly progressing industry in the modern technology-based society.
• Information Technology (IT) Industry Analysis The purpose of this paper is to describe the history of IBM, discuss its current state and position in the market, and evaluate its possible successes and failures in the area of innovation in the industry.
• Health Information Technology and Patient Data Privacy Electronic health record was envisioned as a way of addressing the many challenges associated with paper-based records in a bid to improve the quality of care and patient outcomes.
• Information Technology, Its Impacts on the Family, and the Ethical Issues of Using Social Media Information technology managed to transform the face of the planet, enabling economic globalization and paving the way for international corporations.
• Cloud Computing as Information Technology Innovation The central idea behind cloud computing is transferring and storing data in a big data center securely accessible from any computing device connected to the internet.
• Information Technology Personnel’s Skills and Duties This paper discusses the qualification and responsibilities of database developers, IT project managers, system administrators, etc.
• Information Technology and System Types To discuss different types of information systems, it is necessary to define the discipline. Depending on the implementation area, information systems can be defined differently.
• Information Technology Outsourcing for UK Retailers This work seeks to address instances in which there is successful IT outsourcing as well as instances of IT outsourcing failures within the retail industry of the UK.
• Information Technology Transforming Organizations Technology is the enhancement made in applying new designs. Besides the work-based computer operations, technology determines the configuration of the office equipment.
• DesignerTopFashion Company’s Information Technology Strategy Analyzing data from multiple sources will make it possible for DesignerTopFashion to get patterns and connections that cannot be derived in any other manner.
• Business and Information Technology Strategies Alignment To maintain a competitive advantage, it is necessary to reorganize the IT department, so that it could face new challenges and work on new projects.
• Information Technology Professional in Healthcare This paper presents interview answers from an information technology specialist at Banner Health to determine the critical aspect of IT professionals in a healthcare setting.
• Healthcare Information Technology Governance There are four main sub-domains involved during the development of Information Technology governance, which the management of Healthcare organization should consider.
• Leader-Innovator in Health Information Technology The paper examines key aspects that a healthcare information technology leader needs to consider to become a better innovator, focusing on the skills that should be developed.
• Health Information Technology Leadership Ideas The ideas on good leadership can be found in different sources, including those focusing specifically on HIT leadership.
• Healthcare Information Technology Plan and Structure Healthcare company’s IT area is the foundation of the transition to conducting personalized statistical reporting in the health care sector.
• Health Information Systems and Information Technology There are three main domains of health information systems – financial/ administrative, clinical (patient management), and data analytics.
• Information Technology in Preschool Structure Change Information technology plays an essential part in the organizational process by improving the speed of information transfer.
• Appirio Company’s Information Technology Changes Appirio should reconsider IT services and implement changes that relate to them because it will reduce IT costs, increase revenue, and enhance personnel performance.
• The Information Technology Risk One risk that is of concern is the information technology risk. This report discusses cloud computing and information security in the area of information management and control.
• PassAct Inc.’s Global Operations and Information Technology At the moment of its beginning, PassAct labelled itself as a functioning unbiased online market for consumers and providers of the supplies and tools.
• Clerks in the Workplace and Information Technology The paper studies experiences of clerks at work, primarily their connection to information/office technologies and manual work, and their subordination in the system.
• Lean Approach in Healthcare Information Technology The advantages of applying lean approaches are apparent. Their development for the promotion of healthcare information technology innovation is an appropriate endeavor.
• Information Technology Governance in Healthcare This paper analyzes information technology governance and value creation models to lead healthcare innovation reviewing the video.
• Information Technology Certification and Accreditation This paper examines the certification and accreditation procedures of IT systems. It assists in describing the security needs, the answerable stakeholders, and their functions.
• Information Technology Sourcing and Cloud Strategy This paper summarizes the articles “Cloud Sourcing – Next Generation Outsourcing?” and “Home or Overseas? An Analysis of Sourcing Strategies Under Competition”.
• Information Technology Approach to Interoperability The HIE-based approach is a feasible way of engaging the patients in the health care delivery process by allowing patient-oriented services to interface with the network.
• Leadership in Health Information Technology This work shows key drivers within the healthcare industry today for which HIT leaders must align their mission, vision, and strategy, and reflects Carolinas Healthcare System.
• Health Information Technology and Interoperability The paper is devoted to the in-depth investigation of the issue of interoperability and its current status in diverse hospitals across the state.
• Information Technology Trainer Job Analysis The position of IT trainer requires cognitive testing through the task-based job analysis. This paper presents a comprehensive job description for the IT trainer job.
• Business Information Technology Governance Models Information technology plays a strategic role in corporate decisions. IT governance aims to align the IT processes with a firm’s business strategies.
• Information Technologies in Patient Education The implementation of information technologies started from different departments needed to accelerate the process of treatment to provide better outcomes.
• Implementation and Adoption of Health Information Technology The research problem of the reviewed article consists in the fact that new technologies transform the process of care and introduce large-scale changes to this area of practice.
• Cisco’s Change in Information Technology Structure The present paper aims to use Bullock and Batten’s Integrated Four-Phase Model to discuss the 2008 Cisco’s planned change in organisational IT structure.
• Information Technology Project Failures in 2006-08 The paper analyzes the article by Levinson on the increased failure of information technology projects. The results were focused on the rate during 2006-2008.
• Medication Errors Prevention by Information Technology Systems In this case, the use of Bar Codes, Smart Pumps, and Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) reduces the rate of medication administration errors.
• Information Technology in Emergency Cardiac Care In the article, the authors discuss the use of ACI-TIPI-IS in the diagnosis, triage, and treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
• Government Interventions and Information Technologies The paper studies why the U.S. government need to intervene in international trade and what are the effects of new information technology on the international trade theory.
• Information Technologies and Minimizing Medical Errors The IT systems have the capacity to not only avail necessary decision support and feedback to clinicians, but also to swiftly and accurately identify, triage and treat patients.
• Health Information Technology Role Healthcare terminologies play crucial roles in healthcare institutions in enhancing interoperability of data across systems.

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StudyCorgi . "150 Information Technology Essay Topics." May 7, 2023. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/information-technology-essay-topics/.

StudyCorgi . 2023. "150 Information Technology Essay Topics." May 7, 2023. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/information-technology-essay-topics/.

These essay examples and topics on Information Technology were carefully selected by the StudyCorgi editorial team. They meet our highest standards in terms of grammar, punctuation, style, and fact accuracy. Please ensure you properly reference the materials if you’re using them to write your assignment.

This essay topic collection was updated on January 8, 2024 .

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How Computer Engineering Will Help Shape The Future of Technology

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My Motivation to Pursue Higher Education in Computer Science in Germany

Motivation letter for computer science scholarship, what motivates me to do my masters in computer science at florida state university, the eniac project: its significance in computer science and society, my goal to pursue a career in computer science and engineering, how the movie hackers got me interested in computer science, personal experience in the computer science education, computer science - a stepping stone to your career, why i have decided to apply for the master of computer science program at colorado state university, how mathematics curiosity has brought me to computer science, the role of experimentation in computer science, computer systems and architecture, my fascination for science and technology, my desire to continue learning computer engineering, my goals of becoming a computer scientist for nasa, the role of computers in financial accounting, a research of contemporary issues, opportunities, trends, challenges and innovations within ict industry connected with google company, computing exponentially faster: implementing a non-deterministic universal turing machine using dna, the types of programming languages and the language of a game engine, the possibility of machines to be able to think and feel.

Computer science is the study of computation, automation, and information. Computer science spans theoretical disciplines (such as algorithms, theory of computation, and information theory) to practical disciplines (including the design and implementation of hardware and software).

The four areas of computer science are: theory of computation, algorithms and data structures, programming methodology and languages, and computer elements and architecture. CSAB also identifies fields such as software engineering, artificial intelligence, computer networking and communication, database systems, parallel computation, distributed computation, human-computer interaction, computer graphics, operating systems, and numerical and symbolic computation as being important areas of computer science.

Alan Turing (the “father of modern computing”), Tim Berners-Lee (inventor of the World Wide Web), John McCarthy, Grace Hopper, Julian Assange, Steve Wozniak, etc.

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• Digital Era
• Artificial Intelligence

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Computer Technology Research Paper Topics

This list of computer technology research paper topics  provides the list of 33 potential topics for research papers and an overview article on the history of computer technology.

1. Analog Computers

Paralleling the split between analog and digital computers, in the 1950s the term analog computer was a posteriori projected onto pre-existing classes of mechanical, electrical, and electromechanical computing artifacts, subsuming them under the same category. The concept of analog, like the technical demarcation between analog and digital computer, was absent from the vocabulary of those classifying artifacts for the 1914 Edinburgh Exhibition, the first world’s fair emphasizing computing technology, and this leaves us with an invaluable index of the impressive number of classes of computing artifacts amassed during the few centuries of capitalist modernity. True, from the debate between ‘‘smooth’’ and ‘‘lumpy’’ artificial lines of computing (1910s) to the differentiation between ‘‘continuous’’ and ‘‘cyclic’’ computers (1940s), the subsequent analog–digital split became possible by the multitudinous accumulation of attempts to decontextualize the computer from its socio-historical use alternately to define the ideal computer technically. The fact is, however, that influential classifications of computing technology from the previous decades never provided an encompassing demarcation compared to the analog– digital distinction used since the 1950s. Historians of the digital computer find that the experience of working with software was much closer to art than science, a process that was resistant to mass production; historians of the analog computer find this to have been typical of working with the analog computer throughout all its aspects. The historiography of the progress of digital computing invites us to turn to the software crisis, which perhaps not accidentally, surfaced when the crisis caused by the analog ended. Noticeably, it was not until the process of computing with a digital electronic computer became sufficiently visual by the addition of a special interface—to substitute for the loss of visualization that was previously provided by the analog computer—that the analog computer finally disappeared.

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Get 10% off with 24start discount code, 2. artificial intelligence.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the field of software engineering that builds computer systems and occasionally robots to perform tasks that require intelligence. The term ‘‘artificial intelligence’’ was coined by John McCarthy in 1958, then a graduate student at Princeton, at a summer workshop held at Dartmouth in 1956. This two-month workshop marks the official birth of AI, which brought together young researchers who would nurture the field as it grew over the next several decades: Marvin Minsky, Claude Shannon, Arthur Samuel, Ray Solomonoff, Oliver Selfridge, Allen Newell, and Herbert Simon. It would be difficult to argue that the technologies derived from AI research had a profound effect on our way of life by the beginning of the 21st century. However, AI technologies have been successfully applied in many industrial settings, medicine and health care, and video games. Programming techniques developed in AI research were incorporated into more widespread programming practices, such as high-level programming languages and time-sharing operating systems. While AI did not succeed in constructing a computer which displays the general mental capabilities of a typical human, such as the HAL computer in Arthur C. Clarke and Stanley Kubrick’s film 2001: A Space Odyssey, it has produced programs that perform some apparently intelligent tasks, often at a much greater level of skill and reliability than humans. More than this, AI has provided a powerful and defining image of what computer technology might someday be capable of achieving.

3. Computer and Video Games

Interactive computer and video games were first developed in laboratories as the late-night amusements of computer programmers or independent projects of television engineers. Their formats include computer software; networked, multiplayer games on time-shared systems or servers; arcade consoles; home consoles connected to television sets; and handheld game machines. The first experimental projects grew out of early work in computer graphics, artificial intelligence, television technology, hardware and software interface development, computer-aided education, and microelectronics. Important examples were Willy Higinbotham’s oscilloscope-based ‘‘Tennis for Two’’ at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (1958); ‘‘Spacewar!,’’ by Steve Russell, Alan Kotok, J. Martin Graetz and others at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1962); Ralph Baer’s television-based tennis game for Sanders Associates (1966); several networked games from the PLATO (Programmed Logic for Automatic Teaching Operations) Project at the University of Illinois during the early 1970s; and ‘‘Adventure,’’ by Will Crowther of Bolt, Beranek & Newman (1972), extended by Don Woods at Stanford University’s Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (1976). The main lines of development during the 1970s and early 1980s were home video consoles, coin-operated arcade games, and computer software.

4. Computer Displays

The display is an essential part of any general-purpose computer. Its function is to act as an output device to communicate data to humans using the highest bandwidth input system that humans possess—the eyes. Much of the development of computer displays has been about trying to get closer to the limits of human visual perception in terms of color and spatial resolution. Mainframe and minicomputers used ‘‘terminals’’ to display the output. These were fed data from the host computer and processed the data to create screen images using a graphics processor. The display was typically integrated with a keyboard system and some communication hardware as a terminal or video display unit (VDU) following the basic model used for teletypes. Personal computers (PCs) in the late 1970s and early 1980s changed this model by integrating the graphics controller into the computer chassis itself. Early PC displays typically displayed only monochrome text and communicated in character codes such as ASCII. Line-scanning frequencies were typically from 15 to 20 kilohertz—similar to television. CRT displays rapidly developed after the introduction of video graphics array (VGA) technology (640 by 480 pixels in16 colors) in the mid-1980s and scan frequencies rose to 60 kilohertz or more for mainstream displays; 100 kilohertz or more for high-end displays. These displays were capable of displaying formats up to 2048 by 1536 pixels with high color depths. Because the human eye is very quick to respond to visual stimulation, developments in display technology have tended to track the development of semiconductor technology that allows the rapid manipulation of the stored image.

5. Computer Memory for Personal Computers

During the second half of the twentieth century, the two primary methods used for the long-term storage of digital information were magnetic and optical recording. These methods were selected primarily on the basis of cost. Compared to core or transistorized random-access memory (RAM), storage costs for magnetic and optical media were several orders of magnitude cheaper per bit of information and were not volatile; that is, the information did not vanish when electrical power was turned off. However, access to information stored on magnetic and optical recorders was much slower compared to RAM memory. As a result, computer designers used a mix of both types of memory to accomplish computational tasks. Designers of magnetic and optical storage systems have sought meanwhile to increase the speed of access to stored information to increase the overall performance of computer systems, since most digital information is stored magnetically or optically for reasons of cost.

6. Computer Modeling

Computer simulation models have transformed the natural, engineering, and social sciences, becoming crucial tools for disciplines as diverse as ecology, epidemiology, economics, urban planning, aerospace engineering, meteorology, and military operations. Computer models help researchers study systems of extreme complexity, predict the behavior of natural phenomena, and examine the effects of human interventions in natural processes. Engineers use models to design everything from jets and nuclear-waste repositories to diapers and golf clubs. Models enable astrophysicists to simulate supernovas, biochemists to replicate protein folding, geologists to predict volcanic eruptions, and physiologists to identify populations at risk of lead poisoning. Clearly, computer models provide a powerful means of solving problems, both theoretical and applied.

7. Computer Networks

Computers and computer networks have changed the way we do almost everything—the way we teach, learn, do research, access or share information, communicate with each other, and even the way we entertain ourselves. A computer network, in simple terms, consists of two or more computing devices (often called nodes) interconnected by means of some medium capable of transmitting data that allows the computers to communicate with each other in order to provide a variety of services to users.

8. Computer Science

Computer science occupies a unique position among the scientific and technical disciplines. It revolves around a specific artifact—the electronic digital computer—that touches upon a broad and diverse set of fields in its design, operation, and application. As a result, computer science represents a synthesis and extension of many different areas of mathematics, science, engineering, and business.

9. Computer-Aided Control Technology

The story of computer-aided control technology is inextricably entwined with the modern history of automation. Automation in the first half of the twentieth century involved (often analog) processes for continuous automatic measurement and control of hardware by hydraulic, mechanical, or electromechanical means. These processes facilitated the development and refinement of battlefield fire-control systems, feedback amplifiers for use in telephony, electrical grid simulators, numerically controlled milling machines, and dozens of other innovations.

10. Computer-Aided Design and Manufacture

Computer-aided design and manufacture, known by the acronym CAD/CAM, is a process for manufacturing mechanical components, wherein computers are used to link the information needed in and produced by the design process to the information needed to control the machine tools that produce the parts. However, CAD/CAM actually constitutes two separate technologies that developed along similar, but unrelated, lines until they were combined in the 1970s.

11. Computer-User Interface

A computer interface is the point of contact between a person and an electronic computer. Today’s interfaces include a keyboard, mouse, and display screen. Computer user interfaces developed through three distinct stages, which can be identified as batch processing, interactive computing, and the graphical user interface (GUI). Today’s graphical interfaces support additional multimedia features, such as streaming audio and video. In GUI design, every new software feature introduces more icons into the process of computer– user interaction. Presently, the large vocabulary of icons used in GUI design is difficult for users to remember, which creates a complexity problem. As GUIs become more complex, interface designers are adding voice recognition and intelligent agent technologies to make computer user interfaces even easier to operate.

12. Early Computer Memory

Mechanisms to store information were present in early mechanical calculating machines, going back to Charles Babbage’s analytical engine proposed in the 1830s. It introduced the concept of the ‘‘store’’ and, if ever built, would have held 1000 numbers of up to 50 decimal digits. However, the move toward base-2 or binary computing in the 1930s brought about a new paradigm in technology—the digital computer, whose most elementary component was an on–off switch. Information on a digital system is represented using a combination of on and off signals, stored as binary digits (shortened to bits): zeros and ones. Text characters, symbols, or numerical values can all be coded as bits, so that information stored in digital memory is just zeros and ones, regardless of the storage medium. The history of computer memory is closely linked to the history of computers but a distinction should be made between primary (or main) and secondary memory. Computers only need operate on one segment of data at a time, and with memory being a scarce resource, the rest of the data set could be stored in less expensive and more abundant secondary memory.

13. Early Digital Computers

Digital computers were a marked departure from the electrical and mechanical calculating and computing machines in wide use from the early twentieth century. The innovation was of information being represented using only two states (on or off), which came to be known as ‘‘digital.’’ Binary (base 2) arithmetic and logic provided the tools for these machines to perform useful functions. George Boole’s binary system of algebra allowed any mathematical equation to be represented by simply true or false logic statements. By using only two states, engineering was also greatly simplified, and universality and accuracy increased. Further developments from the early purpose-built machines, to ones that were programmable accompanied by many key technological developments, resulted in the well-known success and proliferation of the digital computer.

14. Electronic Control Technology

The advancement of electrical engineering in the twentieth century made a fundamental change in control technology. New electronic devices including vacuum tubes (valves) and transistors were used to replace electromechanical elements in conventional controllers and to develop new types of controllers. In these practices, engineers discovered basic principles of control theory that could be further applied to design electronic control systems.

15. Encryption and Code Breaking

The word cryptography comes from the Greek words for ‘‘hidden’’ (kryptos) and ‘‘to write’’ (graphein)—literally, the science of ‘‘hidden writing.’’ In the twentieth century, cryptography became fundamental to information technology (IT) security generally. Before the invention of the digital computer at mid-century, national governments across the world relied on mechanical and electromechanical cryptanalytic devices to protect their own national secrets and communications, as well as to expose enemy secrets. Code breaking played an important role in both World Wars I and II, and the successful exploits of Polish and British cryptographers and signals intelligence experts in breaking the code of the German Enigma ciphering machine (which had a range of possible transformations between a message and its code of approximately 150 trillion (or 150 million million million) are well documented.

16. Error Checking and Correction

In telecommunications, whether transmission of data or voice signals is over copper, fiber-optic, or wireless links, information coded in the signal transmitted must be decoded by the receiver from a background of noise. Signal errors can be introduced, for example from physical defects in the transmission medium (semiconductor crystal defects, dust or scratches on magnetic memory, bubbles in optical fibers), from electromagnetic interference (natural or manmade) or cosmic rays, or from cross-talk (unwanted coupling) between channels. In digital signal transmission, data is transmitted as ‘‘bits’’ (ones or zeros, corresponding to on or off in electronic circuits). Random bit errors occur singly and in no relation to each other. Burst error is a large, sustained error or loss of data, perhaps caused by transmission problems in the connecting cables, or sudden noise. Analog to digital conversion can also introduce sampling errors.

17. Global Positioning System (GPS)

The NAVSTAR (NAVigation System Timing And Ranging) Global Positioning System (GPS) provides an unlimited number of military and civilian users worldwide with continuous, highly accurate data on their position in four dimensions— latitude, longitude, altitude, and time— through all weather conditions. It includes space, control, and user segments (Figure 6). A constellation of 24 satellites in 10,900 nautical miles, nearly circular orbits—six orbital planes, equally spaced 60 degrees apart, inclined approximately 55 degrees relative to the equator, and each with four equidistant satellites—transmits microwave signals in two different L-band frequencies. From any point on earth, between five and eight satellites are ‘‘visible’’ to the user. Synchronized, extremely precise atomic clocks—rubidium and cesium— aboard the satellites render the constellation semiautonomous by alleviating the need to continuously control the satellites from the ground. The control segment consists of a master facility at Schriever Air Force Base, Colorado, and a global network of automated stations. It passively tracks the entire constellation and, via an S-band uplink, periodically sends updated orbital and clock data to each satellite to ensure that navigation signals received by users remain accurate. Finally, GPS users—on land, at sea, in the air or space—rely on commercially produced receivers to convert satellite signals into position, time, and velocity estimates.

18. Gyrocompass and Inertial Guidance

Before the twentieth century, navigation at sea employed two complementary methods, astronomical and dead reckoning. The former involved direct measurements of celestial phenomena to ascertain position, while the latter required continuous monitoring of a ship’s course, speed, and distance run. New navigational technology was required not only for iron ships in which traditional compasses required correction, but for aircraft and submarines in which magnetic compasses cannot be used. Owing to their rapid motion, aircraft presented challenges for near instantaneous navigation data collection and reduction. Electronics furnished the exploitation of radio and the adaptation of a gyroscope to direction finding through the invention of the nonmagnetic gyrocompass.

Although the Cold War arms race after World War II led to the development of inertial navigation, German manufacture of the V-2 rocket under the direction of Wernher von Braun during the war involved a proto-inertial system, a two-gimballed gyro with an integrator to determine speed. Inertial guidance combines a gyrocompass with accelerometers installed along orthogonal axes, devices that record all accelerations of the vehicle in which inertial guidance has been installed. With this system, if the initial position of the vehicle is known, then the vehicle’s position at any moment is known because integrators record all directions and accelerations and calculate speeds and distance run. Inertial guidance devices can subtract accelerations due to gravity or other motions of the vehicle. Because inertial guidance does not depend on an outside reference, it is the ultimate dead reckoning system, ideal for the nuclear submarines for which they were invented and for ballistic missiles. Their self-contained nature makes them resistant to electronic countermeasures. Inertial systems were first installed in commercial aircraft during the 1960s. The expense of manufacturing inertial guidance mechanisms (and their necessary management by computer) has limited their application largely to military and some commercial purposes. Inertial systems accumulate errors, so their use at sea (except for submarines) has been as an adjunct to other navigational methods, unlike aircraft applications. Only the development of the global positioning system (GPS) at the end of the century promised to render all previous navigational technologies obsolete. Nevertheless, a range of technologies, some dating to the beginning of the century, remain in use in a variety of commercial and leisure applications.

19. Hybrid Computers

Following the emergence of the analog–digital demarcation in the late 1940s—and the ensuing battle between a speedy analog versus the accurate digital—the term ‘‘hybrid computer’’ surfaced in the early 1960s. The assumptions held by the adherents of the digital computer—regarding the dynamic mechanization of computational labor to accompany the equally dynamic increase in computational work—was becoming a universal ideology. From this perspective, the digital computer justly appeared to be technically superior. In introducing the digital computer to social realities, however, extensive interaction with the experienced analog computer adherents proved indispensable, especially given that the digital proponents’ expectation of progress by employing the available and inexpensive hardware was stymied by the lack of inexpensive software. From this perspective—as historiographically unwanted it may be by those who agree with the essentialist conception of the analog–digital demarcation—the history of the hybrid computer suggests that the computer as we now know it was brought about by linking the analog and the digital, not by separating them. Placing the ideal analog and the ideal digital at the two poles, all computing techniques that combined some features of both fell beneath ‘‘hybrid computation’’; the designators ‘‘balanced’’ or ‘‘true’’ were preserved for those built with appreciable amounts of both. True hybrids fell into the middle spectrum that included: pure analog computers, analog computers using digital-type numerical analysis techniques, analog computers programmed with the aid of digital computers, analog computers using digital control and logic, analog computers using digital subunits, analog computers using digital computers as peripheral equipment, balanced hybrid computer systems, digital computers using analog subroutines, digital computers with analog arithmetic elements, digital computers designed to permit analog-type programming, digital computers with analog-oriented compilers and interpreters, and pure digital computers.

20. Information Theory

Information theory, also known originally as the mathematical theory of communication, was first explicitly formulated during the mid-twentieth century. Almost immediately it became a foundation; first, for the more systematic design and utilization of numerous telecommunication and information technologies; and second, for resolving a paradox in thermodynamics. Finally, information theory has contributed to new interpretations of a wide range of biological and cultural phenomena, from organic physiology and genetics to cognitive behavior, human language, economics, and political decision making. Reflecting the symbiosis between theory and practice typical of twentieth century technology, technical issues in early telegraphy and telephony gave rise to a proto-information theory developed by Harry Nyquist at Bell Labs in 1924 and Ralph Hartley, also at Bell Labs, in 1928. This theory in turn contributed to advances in telecommunications, which stimulated the development of information theory per se by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver, in their book The Mathematical Theory of Communication published in 1949. As articulated by Claude Shannon, a Bell Labs researcher, the technical concept of information is defined by the probability of a specific message or signal being picked out from a number of possibilities and transmitted from A to B. Information in this sense is mathematically quantifiable. The amount of information, I, conveyed by signal, S, is inversely related to its probability, P. That is, the more improbable a message, the more information it contains. To facilitate the mathematical analysis of messages, the measure is conveniently defined as I ¼ log2 1/P(S), and is named a binary digit or ‘‘bit’’ for short. Thus in the simplest case of a two-state signal (1 or 0, corresponding to on or off in electronic circuits), with equal probability for each state, the transmission of either state as the code for a message would convey one bit of information. The theory of information opened up by this conceptual analysis has become the basis for constructing and analyzing digital computational devices and a whole range of information technologies (i.e., technologies including telecommunications and data processing), from telephones to computer networks.

21. Internet

The Internet is a global computer network of networks whose origins are found in U.S. military efforts. In response to Sputnik and the emerging space race, the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) was formed in 1958 as an agency of the Pentagon. The researchers at ARPA were given a generous mandate to develop innovative technologies such as communications.

In 1962, psychologist J.C.R. Licklider from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Lincoln Laboratory joined ARPA to take charge of the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO). In 1963 Licklider wrote a memo proposing an interactive network allowing people to communicate via computer. This project did not materialize. In 1966, Bob Taylor, then head of the IPTO, noted that he needed three different computer terminals to connect to three different machines in different locations around the nation. Taylor also recognized that universities working with IPTO needed more computing resources. Instead of the government buying machines for each university, why not share machines? Taylor revitalized Licklider’s idea, securing $1 million in funding, and hired 29-yearold Larry Roberts to direct the creation of ARPAnet.

In 1974, Robert Kahn and Vincent Cerf proposed the first internet-working protocol, a way for datagrams (packets) to be communicated between disparate networks, and they called it an ‘‘internet.’’ Their efforts created transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP). In 1982, TCP/IP replaced NCP on ARPAnet. Other networks adopted TCP/IP and it became the dominant standard for all networking by the late 1990s.

In 1981 the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) created Computer Science Network (CSNET) to provide universities that did not have access to ARPAnet with their own network. In 1986, the NSF sponsored the NSFNET ‘‘backbone’’ to connect five supercomputing centers. The backbone also connected ARPAnet and CSNET together, and the idea of a network of networks became firmly entrenched. The open technical architecture of the Internet allowed numerous innovations to be grafted easily onto the whole. When ARPAnet was dismantled in 1990, the Internet was thriving at universities and technology- oriented companies. The NSF backbone was dismantled in 1995 when the NSF realized that commercial entities could keep the Internet running and growing on their own, without government subsidy. Commercial network providers worked through the Commercial Internet Exchange to manage network traffic.

22. Mainframe Computers

The term ‘‘computer’’ currently refers to a general-purpose, digital, electronic, stored-program calculating machine. The term ‘‘mainframe’’ refers to a large, expensive, multiuser computer, able to handle a wide range of applications. The term was derived from the main frame or cabinet in which the central processing unit (CPU) and main memory of a computer were kept separate from those cabinets that held peripheral devices used for input and output.

Computers are generally classified as supercomputers, mainframes, minicomputers, or microcomputers. This classification is based on factors such as processing capability, cost, and applications, with supercomputers the fastest and most expensive. All computers were called mainframes until the 1960s, including the first supercomputer, the naval ordnance research calculator (NORC), offered by International Business Machines (IBM) in 1954. In 1960, Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) shipped the PDP-1, a computer that was much smaller and cheaper than a mainframe.

Mainframes once each filled a large room, cost millions of dollars, and needed a full maintenance staff, partly in order to repair the damage caused by the heat generated by their vacuum tubes. These machines were characterized by proprietary operating systems and connections through dumb terminals that had no local processing capabilities. As personal computers developed and began to approach mainframes in speed and processing power, however, mainframes have evolved to support a client/server relationship, and to interconnect with open standard-based systems. They have become particularly useful for systems that require reliability, security, and centralized control. Their ability to process large amounts of data quickly make them particularly valuable for storage area networks (SANs). Mainframes today contain multiple CPUs, providing additional speed through multiprocessing operations. They support many hundreds of simultaneously executing programs, as well as numerous input and output processors for multiplexing devices, such as video display terminals and disk drives. Many legacy systems, large applications that have been developed, tested, and used over time, are still running on mainframes.

23. Mineral Prospecting

Twentieth century mineral prospecting draws upon the accumulated knowledge of previous exploration and mining activities, advancing technology, expanding knowledge of geologic processes and deposit models, and mining and processing capabilities to determine where and how to look for minerals of interest. Geologic models have been developed for a wide variety of deposit types; the prospector compares geologic characteristics of potential exploration areas with those of deposit models to determine which areas have similar characteristics and are suitable prospecting locations. Mineral prospecting programs are often team efforts, integrating general and site-specific knowledge of geochemistry, geology, geophysics, and remote sensing to ‘‘discover’’ hidden mineral deposits and ‘‘measure’’ their economic potential with increasing accuracy and reduced environmental disturbance. Once a likely target zone has been identified, multiple exploration tools are used in a coordinated program to characterize the deposit and its economic potential.

24. Packet Switching

Historically the first communications networks were telegraphic—the electrical telegraph replacing the mechanical semaphore stations in the mid-nineteenth century. Telegraph networks were largely eclipsed by the advent of the voice (telephone) network, which first appeared in the late nineteenth century, and provided the immediacy of voice conversation. The Public Switched Telephone Network allows a subscriber to dial a connection to another subscriber, with the connection being a series of telephone lines connected together through switches at the telephone exchanges along the route. This technique is known as circuit switching, as a circuit is set up between the subscribers, and is held until the call is cleared.

One of the disadvantages of circuit switching is the fact that the capacity of the link is often significantly underused due to silences in the conversation, but the spare capacity cannot be shared with other traffic. Another disadvantage is the time it takes to establish the connection before the conversation can begin. One could liken this to sending a railway engine from London to Edinburgh to set the points before returning to pick up the carriages. What is required is a compromise between the immediacy of conversation on an established circuit-switched connection, with the ad hoc delivery of a store-and-forward message system. This is what packet switching is designed to provide.

25. Personal Computers

A personal computer, or PC, is designed for personal use. Its central processing unit (CPU) runs single-user systems and application software, processes input from the user, sending output to a variety of peripheral devices. Programs and data are stored in memory and attached storage devices. Personal computers are generally single-user desktop machines, but the term has been applied to any computer that ‘‘stands alone’’ for a single user, including portable computers.

The technology that enabled the construction of personal computers was the microprocessor, a programmable integrated circuit (or ‘‘chip’’) that acts as the CPU. Intel introduced the first microprocessor in 1971, the 4-bit 4004, which it called a ‘‘microprogrammable computer on a chip.’’ The 4004 was originally developed as a general-purpose chip for a programmable calculator, but Intel introduced it as part of Intel’s Microcomputer System 4-bit, or MCS-4, which also included read-only memory (ROM) and random-access memory (RAM) memory chips and a shift register chip. In August 1972, Intel followed with the 8-bit 8008, then the more powerful 8080 in June 1974. Following Intel’s lead, computers based on the 8080 were usually called microcomputers.

The success of the minicomputer during the 1960s prepared computer engineers and users for ‘‘single person, single CPU’’ computers. Digital Equipment Corporation’s (DEC) widely used PDP-10, for example, was smaller, cheaper, and more accessible than large mainframe computers. Timeshared computers operating under operating systems such as TOPS-10 on the PDP-10— co-developed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and DEC in 1972—created the illusion of individual control of computing power by providing rapid access to personal programs and files. By the early 1970s, the accessibility of minicomputers, advances in microelectronics, and component miniaturization created expectations of affordable personal computers.

26. Printers

Printers generally can be categorized as either impact or nonimpact. Like typewriters, impact printers generate output by striking the page with a solid substance. Impact printers include daisy wheel and dot matrix printers. The daisy wheel printer, which was introduced in 1972 by Diablo Systems, operates by spinning the daisy wheel to the correct character whereupon a hammer strikes it, forcing the character through an inked ribbon and onto the paper. Dot matrix printers operate by using a series of small pins to strike a matrix or grid ribbon coated with ink. The strike of the pin forces the ink to transfer to the paper at the point of impact. Unlike daisy wheel printers, dot matrix printers can generate italic and other character types through producing different pin patterns. Nonimpact printers generate images by spraying or fusing ink to paper or other output media. This category includes inkjet printers, laser printers, and thermal printers. Whether they are inkjet or laser, impact or nonimpact, all modern printers incorporate features of dot matrix technology in their design: they operate by generating dots onto paper or other physical media.

27. Processors for Computers

A processor is the part of the computer system that manipulates the data. The first computer processors of the late 1940s and early 1950s performed three main functions and had three main components. They worked in a cycle to gather, decode, and execute instructions. They were made up of the arithmetic and logic unit, the control unit, and some extra storage components or registers. Today, most processors contain these components and perform these same functions, but since the 1960s they have developed different forms, capabilities, and organization. As with computers in general, increasing speed and decreasing size has marked their development.

28. Radionavigation

Astronomical and dead-reckoning techniques furnished the methods of navigating ships until the twentieth century, when exploitation of radio waves, coupled with electronics, met the needs of aircraft with their fast speeds, but also transformed all navigational techniques. The application of radio to dead reckoning has allowed vessels to determine their positions in all-weather by direction finding (known as radio direction finding, or RDF) or by hyperbolic systems. Another use of radio, radar (radio direction and rangefinding), enables vessels to determine their distance to, or their bearing from, objects of known position. Radionavigation complements traditional navigational methods by employing three frames of reference. First, radio enables a vessel to navigate by lines of bearing to shore transmitters (the most common use of radio). This is directly analogous to the use of lighthouses for bearings. Second, shore stations may take radio bearings of craft and relay to them computed positions. Third, radio beacons provide aircraft or ships with signals that function as true compasses.

29. Software Application Programs

At the beginning of the computer age around the late 1940s, inventors of the intelligent machine were not thinking about applications software, or any software other than that needed to run the bare machine to do mathematical calculating. It was only when Maurice Wilkes’ young protégé David Williams crafted a tidy set of initial orders for the EDSAC, an early programmable digital computer, that users could string together standard subroutines to a program and have the execution jump between them. This was the beginning of software as we know it—something that runs on a machine other than an operating system to make it do anything desired. ‘‘Applications’’ are software other than system programs that run the actual hardware. Manufacturers always had this software, and as the 1950s progressed they would ‘‘bundle’’ applications with hardware to make expensive computers more attractive. Some programming departments were even placed in the marketing departments.

30. Software Engineering

Software engineering aims to develop the programs that allow digital computers to do useful work in a systematic, disciplined manner that produces high-quality software on time and on budget. As computers have spread throughout industrialized societies, software has become a multibillion dollar industry. Both the users and developers of software depend a great deal on the effectiveness of the development process.

Software is a concept that didn’t even pertain to the first electronic digital computers. They were ‘‘programmed’’ through switches and patch cables that physically altered the electrical pathways of the machine. It was not until the Manchester Mark I, the first operational stored-program electronic digital computer, was developed in 1948 at the University of Manchester in England that configuring the machine to solve a specific problem became a matter of software rather than hardware. Subsequently, instructions were stored in memory along with data.

31. Supercomputers

Supercomputers are high-performance computing devices that are generally used for numerical calculation, for the study of physical systems either through numerical simulation or the processing of scientific data. Initially, they were large, expensive, mainframe computers, which were usually owned by government research labs. By the end of the twentieth century, they were more often networks of inexpensive small computers. The common element of all of these machines was their ability to perform high-speed floating-point arithmetic— binary arithmetic that approximates decimal numbers with a fixed number of bits—the basis of numerical computation.

With the advent of inexpensive supercomputers, these machines moved beyond the large government labs and into smaller research and engineering facilities. Some were used for the study of social science. A few were employed by business concerns, such as stock brokerages or graphic designers.

32. Systems Programs

The operating systems used in all computers today are a result of the development and organization of early systems programs designed to control and regulate the operations of computer hardware. The early computing machines such as the ENIAC of 1945 were ‘‘programmed’’ manually with connecting cables and setting switches for each new calculation. With the advent of the stored program computer of the late 1940s (the Manchester Mark I, EDVAC, EDSAC (electronic delay storage automatic calculator), the first system programs such as assemblers and compilers were developed and installed. These programs performed oft repeated and basic operations for computer use including converting programs into machine code, storing and retrieving files, managing computer resources and peripherals, and aiding in the compilation of new programs. With the advent of programming languages, and the dissemination of more computers in research centers, universities, and businesses during the late 1950s and 1960s, a large group of users began developing programs, improving usability, and organizing system programs into operating systems.

The 1970s and 1980s saw a turn away from some of the complications of system software, an interweaving of features from different operating systems, and the development of systems programs for the personal computer. In the early 1970s, two programmers from Bell Laboratories, Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie, developed a smaller, simpler operating system called UNIX. Unlike past system software, UNIX was portable and could be run on different computer systems. Due in part to low licensing fees and simplicity of design, UNIX increased in popularity throughout the 1970s. At the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, research during the 1970s led to the development of system software for the Apple Macintosh computer that included a GUI (graphical user interface). This type of system software filtered the user’s interaction with the computer through the use of graphics or icons representing computer processes. In 1985, a year after the release of the Apple Macintosh computer, a GUI was overlaid on Microsoft’s then dominant operating system, MS-DOS, to produce Microsoft Windows. The Microsoft Windows series of operating systems became and remains the dominant operating system on personal computers.

33. World Wide Web

The World Wide Web (Web) is a ‘‘finite but unbounded’’ collection of media-rich digital resources that are connected through high-speed digital networks. It relies upon an Internet protocol suite that supports cross-platform transmission and makes available a wide variety of media types (i.e., multimedia). The cross-platform delivery environment represents an important departure from more traditional network communications protocols such as e-mail, telnet, and file transfer protocols (FTP) because it is content-centric. It is also to be distinguished from earlier document acquisition systems such as Gopher, which was designed in 1991, originally as a mainframe program but quickly implemented over networks, and wide area information systems (WAIS), also released in 1991. WAIS accommodated a narrower range of media formats and failed to include hyperlinks within their navigation protocols. Following the success of Gopher on the Internet, the Web quickly extended and enriched the metaphor of integrated browsing and navigation. This made it possible to navigate and peruse a wide variety of media types effortlessly on the Web, which in turn led to the Web’s hegemony as an Internet protocol.

History of Computer Technology

The modern computer—the (electronic) digital computer in which the stored program concept is realized and hence self-modifying programs are possible—was only invented in the 1940s. Nevertheless, the history of computing (interpreted as the usage of modern computers) is only understandable against the background of the many forms of information processing as well as mechanical computing devices that solved mathematical problems in the first half of the twentieth century. The part these several predecessors played in the invention and early history of the computer may be interpreted from two different perspectives: on the one hand it can be argued that these machines prepared the way for the modern digital computer, on the other hand it can be argued that the computer, which was invented as a mathematical instrument, was reconstructed to be a data-processing machine, a control mechanism, and a communication tool.

The invention and early history of the digital computer has its roots in two different kinds of developments: first, information processing in business and government bureaucracies; and second, the use and the search for mathematical instruments and methods that could solve mathematical problems arising in the sciences and in engineering.

Origins in Mechanical Office Equipment

The development of information processing in business and government bureaucracies had its origins in the late nineteenth century, which was not just an era of industrialization and mass production but also a time of continuous growth in administrative work. The economic precondition for this development was the creation of a global economy, which caused growth in production of goods and trade. This brought with it an immense increase in correspondence, as well as monitoring and accounting activities—corporate bureaucracies began to collect and process data in increasing quantities. Almost at the same time, government organizations became more and more interested in collating data on population and demographic changes (e.g., expanding tax revenues, social security, and wide-ranging planning and monitoring functions) and analyzing this data statistically.

Bureaucracies in the U.S. and in Europe reacted in a different way to these changes. While in Europe for the most part neither office machines nor telephones entered offices until 1900, in the U.S. in the last quarter of the nineteenth century the information-handling techniques in bureaucracies were radically changed because of the introduction of mechanical devices for writing, copying, and counting data. The rise of big business in the U.S. had caused a growing demand for management control tools, which was fulfilled by a new ideology of systematic management together with the products of the rising office machines industry. Because of a later start in industrialization, the government and businesses in the U.S. were not forced to reorganize their bureaucracies when they introduced office machines. This, together with an ideological preference for modern office equipment, was the cause of a market for office machines and of a far-reaching mechanization of office work in the U.S. In the 1880s typewriters and cash registers became very widespread, followed by adding machines and book-keeping machines in the 1890s. From 1880 onward, the makers of office machines in the U.S. underwent a period of enormous growth, and in 1920 the office machine industry annually generated about $200 million in revenue. In Europe, by comparison, mechanization of office work emerged about two decades later than in the U.S.—both Germany and Britain adopted the American system of office organization and extensive use of office machines for the most part no earlier than the 1920s.

During the same period the rise of a new office machine technology began. Punched card systems, initially invented by Herman Hollerith to analyze the U.S. census in 1890, were introduced. By 1911 Hollerith’s company had only about 100 customers, but after it had been merged in the same year with two other companies to become the Computing- Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR), it began a tremendous ascent to become the world leader in the office machine industry. CTR’s general manager, Thomas J. Watson, understood the extraordinary potential of these punched-card accounting devices, which enabled their users to process enormous amounts of data largely automatically, in a rapid way and at an adequate level of cost and effort. Due to Watson’s insights and his extraordinary management abilities, the company (which had since been renamed to International Business Machines (IBM)) became the fourth largest office machine supplier in the world by 1928—topped only by Remington Rand, National Cash Register (NCR), and the Burroughs Adding Machine Company.

Origin of Calculating Devices and Analog Instruments

Compared with the fundamental changes in the world of corporate and government bureaucracies caused by office machinery during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, calculating machines and instruments seemed to have only a minor influence in the world of science and engineering. Scientists and engineers had always been confronted with mathematical problems and had over the centuries developed techniques such as mathematical tables. However, many new mathematical instruments emerged in the nineteenth century and increasingly began to change the world of science and engineering. Apart from the slide rule, which came into popular use in Europe from the early nineteenth century onwards (and became the symbol of the engineer for decades), calculating machines and instruments were only produced on a large scale in the middle of the nineteenth century.

In the 1850s the production of calculating machines as well as that of planimeters (used to measure the area of closed curves, a typical problem in land surveying) started on different scales. Worldwide, less than 2,000 calculating machines were produced before 1880, but more than 10,000 planimeters were produced by the early 1880s. Also, various types of specialized mathematical analog instruments were produced on a very small scale in the late nineteenth century; among them were integraphs for the graphical solution of special types of differential equations, harmonic analyzers for the determination of Fourier coefficients of a periodic function, and tide predictors that could calculate the time and height of the ebb and flood tides.

Nonetheless, in 1900 only geodesists and astronomers (as well as part of the engineering community) made extensive use of mathematical instruments. In addition, the establishment of applied mathematics as a new discipline took place at German universities on a small scale and the use of apparatus and machines as well as graphical and numerical methods began to flourish during this time. After World War I, the development of engineering sciences and of technical physics gave a tremendous boost to applied mathematics in Germany and Britain. In general, scientists and engineers became more aware of the capabilities of calculating machines and a change of the calculating culture—from the use of tables to the use of calculating machines—took place.

One particular problem that was increasingly encountered by mechanical and electrical engineers in the 1920s was the solution of several types of differential equations, which were not solvable by analytic solutions. As one important result of this development, a new type of analog instrument— the so called ‘‘differential analyzer’’—was invented in 1931 by the engineer Vannevar Bush at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). In contrast to its predecessors—several types of integraphs—this machine (which was later called an analog computer) could be used not only to solve a special class of differential equation, but a more general class of differential equations associated with engineering problems. Before the digital computer was invented in the 1940s there was an intensive use of analog instruments (similar to Bush’s differential analyzer) and a number of machines were constructed in the U.S. and in Europe after the model of Bush’s machine before and during World War II. Analog instruments also became increasingly important in several fields such as the firing control of artillery on warships or the control of rockets. It is worth mentioning here that only for a limited class of scientific and engineering problems was it possible to construct an analog computer— weather forecasting and the problem of shock waves produced by an atomic bomb, for example, required the solution of partial differential equations, for which a digital computer was needed.

The Invention of the Computer

The invention of the electronic digital stored-program computer is directly connected with the development of numerical calculation tools for the solution of mathematical problems in the sciences and in engineering. The ideas that led to the invention of the computer were developed simultaneously by scientists and engineers in Germany, Britain, and the U.S. in the 1930s and 1940s. The first freely programmable program-controlled automatic calculator was developed by the civil engineering student Konrad Zuse in Germany. Zuse started development work on program-controlled computing machines in the 1930s, when he had to deal with extensive calculations in static, and in 1941 his Z3, which was based on electromechanical relay technology, became operational.

Several similar developments in the U.S. were in progress at the same time. In 1937 Howard Aiken, a physics student at Harvard University, approached IBM to build a program-controlled calculator— later called the ‘‘Harvard Mark I.’’ On the basis of a concept Aiken had developed because of his experiences with the numerical solution of partial differential equations, the machine was built and became operational in 1944. At almost the same time a series of important relay computers was built at the Bell Laboratories in New York following a suggestion by George R. Stibitz. All these developments in the U.S. were spurred by the outbreak of World War II. The first large-scale programmable electronic computer called the Colossus was built in complete secrecy in 1943 to 1944 at Bletchley Park in Britain in order to help break the German Enigma machine ciphers.

However, it was neither these relay calculators nor the Colossus that were decisive for the development of the universal computer, but the ENIAC (electronic numerical integrator and computer), which was developed at the Moore School of Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania. Extensive ballistic calculations were carried out there for the U.S. Army during World War II with the aid of the Bush ‘‘differential analyzer’’ and more than a hundred women (‘‘computors’’) working on mechanical desk calculators. Observing that capacity was barely sufficient to compute the artillery firing tables, the physicist John W. Mauchly and the electronic engineer John Presper Eckert started developing the ENIAC, a digital version of the differential analyzer, in 1943 with funding from the U.S. Army.

In 1944 the mathematician John von Neumann turned his attention to the ENIAC because of his mathematical work on the Manhattan Project (on the implosion of the hydrogen bomb). While the ENIAC was being built, Neumann and the ENIAC team drew up plans for a successor to the ENIAC in order to improve the shortcomings of the ENIAC concept, such as the very small memory and the time-consuming reprogramming (actually rewiring) required to change the setup for a new calculation. In these meetings the idea of a stored-program, universal machine evolved. Memory was to be used to store the program in addition to data. This would enable the machine to execute conditional branches and change the flow of the program. The concept of a computer in the modern sense of the word was born and in 1945 von Neumann wrote the important ‘‘First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC,’’ which described the stored-program, universal computer. The logical structure that was presented in this draft report is now referred to as the ‘‘von Neumann architecture.’’ This EDVAC report was originally intended for internal use but once made freely available it became the ‘‘bible’’ for computer pioneers throughout the world in the 1940s and 1950s. The first computer featuring the von Neumann architecture operated at Cambridge University in the U.K.; in June 1949 the EDSAC (electronic delay storage automatic computer) computer built by Maurice Wilkes—designed according to the EDVAC principles—became operational.

The Computer as a Scientific Instrument

As soon as the computer was invented, a growing demand for computers by scientists and engineers evolved, and numerous American and European universities started their own computer projects in the 1940s and 1950s. After the technical difficulties of building an electronic computer were solved, scientists grasped the opportunity to use the new scientific instrument for their research. For example, at the University of Gottingen in Germany, the early computers were used for the initial value problems of partial differential equations associated with hydrodynamic problems from atomic physics and aerodynamics. Another striking example was the application of von Neumann’s computer at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) in Princeton to numerical weather forecasts in 1950. As a result, numerical weather forecasts could be made on a regular basis from the mid-1950s onwards.

Mathematical methods have always been of a certain importance for science and engineering sciences, but only the use of the electronic digital computer (as an enabling technology) made it possible to broaden the application of mathematical methods to such a degree that research in science, medicine, and engineering without computer- based mathematical methods has become virtually inconceivable at the end of the twentieth century. A number of additional computer-based techniques, such as scientific visualization, medical imaging, computerized tomography, pattern recognition, image processing, and statistical applications, have become of the utmost significance for science, medicine, engineering, and social sciences. In addition, the computer changed the way engineers construct technical artifacts fundamentally because of the use of computer-based methods such as computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacture (CAM), computer-aided engineering, control applications, and finite-element methods. However, the most striking example seems to be the development of scientific computing and computer modeling, which became accepted as a third mode of scientific research that complements experimentation and theoretical analysis. Scientific computing and computer modeling are based on supercomputers as the enabling technology, which became important tools for modern science routinely used to simulate physical and chemical phenomena. These high-speed computers became equated with the machines developed by Seymour Cray, who built the fastest computers in the world for many years. The supercomputers he launched such as the legendary CRAY I from 1976 were the basis for computer modeling of real world systems, and helped, for example, the defense industry in the U.S. to build weapons systems and the oil industry to create geological models that show potential oil deposits.

Growth of Digital Computers in Business and Information Processing

When the digital computer was invented as a mathematical instrument in the 1940s, it could not have been foreseen that this new artifact would ever be of a certain importance in the business world. About 50 firms entered the computer business worldwide in the late 1940s and the early 1950s, and the computer was reconstructed to be a type of electronic data-processing machine that took the place of punched-card technology as well as other office machine technology. It is interesting to consider that there were mainly three types of companies building computers in the 1950s and 1960s: newly created computer firms (such as the company founded by the ENIAC inventors Eckert and Mauchly), electronics and control equipments firms (such as RCA and General Electric), and office appliance companies (such as Burroughs and NCR). Despite the fact that the first digital computers were put on the market by a German and a British company, U.S. firms dominated the world market from the 1950s onward, as these firms had the biggest market as well as financial support from the government.

Generally speaking, the Cold War exerted an enormous influence on the development of computer technology. Until the early 1960s the U.S. military and the defense industry were the central drivers of the digital computer expansion, serving as the main market for computer technology and shaping and speeding up the formation of the rising computer industry. Because of the U.S. military’s role as the ‘‘tester’’ for prototype hard- and software, it had a direct and lasting influence on technological developments; in addition, it has to be noted that the spread of computer technology was partly hindered by military secrecy. Even after the emergence of a large civilian computer market in the 1960s, the U.S. military maintained its influence by investing a great deal in computer in hard- and software and in computer research projects.

From the middle of the 1950s onwards the world computer market was dominated by IBM, which accounted for more than 70 percent of the computer industry revenues until the mid-1970s. The reasons for IBM’s overwhelming success were diverse, but the company had a unique combination of technical and organizational capabilities at its disposal that prepared it perfectly for the mainframe computer market. In addition, IBM benefited from enormous government contracts, which helped to develop excellence in computer technology and design. However, the greatest advantage of IBM was by no doubt its marketing organization and its reputation as a service-oriented firm, which was used to working closely with customers to adapt machinery to address specific problems, and this key difference between IBM and its competitors persisted right into the computer age.

During the late 1950s and early 1960s, the computer market—consisting of IBM and seven other companies called the ‘‘seven dwarves’’—was dominated by IBM, with its 650 and 1401 computers. By 1960 the market for computers was still small. Only about 7,000 computers had been delivered by the computer industry, and at this time even IBM was primarily a punched-card machine supplier, which was still the major source of its income. Only in 1960 did a boom in demand for computers start, and by 1970 the number of computers installed worldwide had increased to more than 100,000. The computer industry was on the track to become one of the world’s major industries, and was totally dominated by IBM.

The outstanding computer system of this period was IBM’s System/360. It was announced in 1964 as a compatible family of the same computer architecture, and employed interchangeable peripheral devices in order to solve IBM’s problems with a hotchpotch of incompatible product lines (which had evoked large problems in the development and maintenance of a great deal of different hardware and software products). Despite the fact that neither the technology used nor the systems programming were of a high-tech technology at the time, the System/360 established a new standard for mainframe computers for decades. Various computer firms in the U.S., Europe, Japan and even Russia, concentrated on copying components, peripherals for System/360 or tried to build System/360-compatible computers.

The growth of the computer market during the 1960s was accompanied by market shakeouts: two of the ‘‘seven dwarves’’ left the computer business after the first computer recession in the early 1970s, and afterwards the computer market was controlled by IBM and BUNCH (Burroughs, UNIVAC, NCR, Control Data, and Honeywell). At the same time, an internationalization of the computer market took place—U.S. companies controlled the world market for computers— which caused considerable fears over loss of national independence in European and Japanese national governments, and these subsequently stirred up national computing programs. While the European attempts to create national champions as well as the more general attempt to create a European-wide market for mainframe computers failed in the end, Japan’s attempt to found a national computer industry has been successful: Until today Japan is the only nation able to compete with the U.S. in a wide array of high-tech computer-related products.

Real-Time and Time-Sharing

Until the 1960s almost all computers in government and business were running batch-processing applications (i.e., the computers were only used in the same way as the punched-card accounting machines they had replaced). In the early 1950s, however, the computer industry introduced a new mode of computing named ‘‘real-time’’ in the business sector for the first time, which was originally developed for military purposes in MIT’s Whirlwind project. This project was initially started in World War II with the aim of designing an aircraft simulator by analog methods, and later became a part of a research and development program for the gigantic, computerized anti-aircraft defense system SAGE (semi-automatic ground environment) built up by IBM in the 1950s.

The demand for this new mode of computing was created by cultural and structural changes in economy. The increasing number of financial transactions in banks and insurance companies as well as increasing airline traveling activities made necessary new computer-based information systems that led finally to new forms of business evolution through information technology.

The case of the first computerized airline reservation system SABRE, developed for American Airlines by IBM in the 1950s and finally implemented in the early 1960s, serves to thoroughly illustrate these structural and structural changes in economy. Until the early 1950s, airline reservations had been made manually without any problems, but by 1953 this system was in crisis because increased air traffic and growing flight plan complexity had made reservation costs insupportable. SABRE became a complete success, demonstrating the potential of centralized real-time computing systems connected via a network. The system enabled flight agents throughout the U.S., who were equipped with desktop terminals, to gain a direct, real-time access to the central reservation system based on central IBM mainframe computers, while the airline was able to assign appropriate resources in response. Therefore, an effective combination of advantages was offered by SABRE—a better utilization of resources and a much higher customer convenience.

Very soon this new mode of computing spread around the business and government world and became commonplace throughout the service and distribution sectors of the economy; for example, bank tellers and insurance account representatives increasingly worked at terminals. On the one hand structural information problems led managers to go this way, and on the other hand the increasing use of computers as information handling machines in government and business had brought about the idea of computer-based accessible data retrieval. In the end, more and more IBM customers wanted to link dozens of operators directly to central computers by using terminal keyboards and display screens.

In the late 1950s and early 1960s—at the same time that IBM and American Airlines had begun the development of the SABRE airline reservation system—a group of brilliant computer scientists had a new idea for computer usage named ‘‘time sharing.’’ Instead of dedicating a multi-terminal system solely to a single application, they had the computer utility vision of organizing a mainframe computer so that several users could interact with it simultaneously. This vision was to change the nature of computing profoundly, because computing was no longer provided to naive users by programmers and systems analysts, and by the late 1960s time-sharing computers became widespread in the U.S.

Particularly important for this development had been the work of J.C.R. Licklider of the Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA) of the U.S. Department of Defense. In 1960 Licklider had published a now-classic paper ‘‘Man–Computer Symbiosis’’ proposing the use of computers to augment human intellect and creating the vision of interactive computing. Licklider was very successful in translating his idea of a network allowing people on different computers to communicate into action, and convinced ARPA to start an enormous research program in 1962. Its budget surpassed that of all other sources of U.S. public research funding for computers combined. The ARPA research programs resulted in a series of fundamental moves forward in computer technology in areas such as computer graphics, artificial intelligence, and operating systems. For example, even the most influential current operating system, the general-purpose time-sharing system Unix, developed in the early 1970s at the Bell Laboratories, was a spin-off of an ambitious operating system project, Multics, funded by ARPA. The designers of Unix successfully attempted to keep away from complexity by using a clear, minimalist design approach to software design, and created a multitasking, multiuser operating system, which became the standard operating system in the 1980s.

Electronic Component Revolution

While the nature of business computing was changed by the new paradigms such as real time and time sharing, advances in solid-state components increasingly became a driving force for fundamental changes in the computer industry, and led to a dynamic interplay between new computer designs and new programming techniques that resulted in a remarkable series of technical developments. The technical progress of the mainframe computer had always run parallel to conversions in the electronics components. During the period from 1945 to 1965, two fundamental transformations in the electronics industry took place that were marked by the invention of the transistor in 1947 and the integrated circuit in 1957 to 1958. While the first generation of computers—lasting until about 1960—was characterized by vacuum tubes (valves) for switching elements, the second generation used the much smaller and more reliable transistors, which could be produced at a lower price. A new phase was inaugurated when an entire integrated circuit on a chip of silicon was produced in 1961, and when the first integrated circuits were produced for the military in 1962. A remarkable pace of progress in semiconductor innovations, known as the ‘‘revolution in miniature,’’ began to speed up the computer industry. The third generation of computers characterized by the use of integrated circuits began with the announcement of the IBM System/360 in 1964 (although this computer system did not use true integrated circuits). The most important effect of the introduction of integrated circuits was not to strengthen the leading mainframe computer systems, but to destroy Grosch’s Law, which stated that computing power increases as the square of its costs. In fact, the cost of computer power dramatically reduced during the next ten years.

This became clear with the introduction of the first computer to use integrated circuits on a full scale in 1965: the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) offered its PDP-8 computer for just $18,000, creating a new class of computers called minicomputers—small in size and low in cost—as well as opening up the market to new customers. Minicomputers were mainly used in areas other than general-purpose computing such as industrial applications and interactive graphics systems. The PDP-8 became the first widely successful minicomputer with over 50,000 items sold, demonstrating that there was a market for smaller computers. This success of DEC (by 1970 it had become the world’s third largest computer manufacturer) was supported by dramatic advances in solid-state technology. During the 1960s the number of transistors on a chip doubled every two years, and as a result minicomputers became continuously more powerful and more inexpensive at an inconceivable speed.

Personal Computing

The most striking aspect of the consequences of the exponential increase of the number of transistors on a chip during the 1960s—as stated by ‘‘Moore’s Law’’: the number of transistors on a chip doubled every two years—was not the lowering of the costs of mainframe computer and minicomputer processing and storage, but the introduction of the first consumer products based on chip technology such as hand-held calculators and digital watches in about 1970. More specifically, the market acts in these industries were changed overnight by the shift from mechanical to chip technology, which led to an enormous deterioration in prices as well as a dramatic industry shakeout. These episodes only marked the beginning of wide-ranging changes in economy and society during the last quarter of the twentieth century leading to a new situation where chips played an essential role in almost every part of business and modern life.

The case of the invention of the personal computer serves to illustrate that it was not sufficient to develop the microprocessor as the enabling technology in order to create a new invention, but how much new technologies can be socially constructed by cultural factors and commercial interests. When the microprocessor, a single-chip integrated circuit implementation of a CPU, was launched by the semiconductor company Intel in 1971, there was no hindrance to producing a reasonably priced microcomputer, but it took six years until the consumer product PC emerged. None of the traditional mainframe and minicomputer companies were involved in creating the early personal computer. Instead, a group of computer hobbyists as well as the ‘‘computer liberation’’ movement in the U.S. became the driving force behind the invention of the PC. These two groups were desperately keen on a low-priced type of minicomputer for use at home for leisure activities such as computer games; or rather they had the counterculture vision of an unreservedly available and personal access to an inexpensive computer utility provided with rich information. When in 1975 the Altair 8800, an Intel 8080 microprocessor-based computer, was offered as an electronic hobbyist kit for less than $400, these two groups began to realize their vision of a ‘‘personal computer.’’ Very soon dozens of computer clubs and computer magazines were founded around the U.S., and these computer enthusiasts created the personal computer by combining the Altair with keyboards, disk drives, and monitors as well as by developing standard software for it. Consequently, in only two years, a more or less useless hobbyist kit had been changed into a computer that could easily be transformed in a consumer product.

The computer hobbyist period ended in 1977, when the first standard machines for an emerging consumer product mass market were sold. These included products such as the Commodore Pet and the Apple II, which included its own monitor, disk drive, and keyboard, and was provided with several basic software packages. Over next three years, spreadsheet, word processing, and database software were developed, and an immense market for games software evolved. As a result, personal computers became more and more a consumer product for ordinary people, and Apple’s revenues shot to more than $500 million in 1982. By 1980, the personal computer had transformed into a business machine, and IBM decided to develop its own personal computer, which was introduced as the IBM PC in 1981. It became an overwhelming success and set a new industry standard.

Apple tried to compete by launching their new Macintosh computer in 1984 provided with a revolutionary graphical user interface (GUI), which set a new standard for a user-friendly human–computer interaction. It was based on technology created by computer scientists at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center in California, who had picked up on ideas about human– computer interaction developed at the Stanford Research Institute and at the University of Utah. Despite the fact that the Macintosh’s GUI was far superior to the MS-DOS operating system of the IBM-compatible PCs, Apple failed to win the business market and remained a niche player with a market share of about 10 percent. The PC main branch was determined by the companies IBM had chosen as its original suppliers in 1981 for the design of the microprocessor (Intel) and the operating system (Microsoft). While IBM failed to seize power in the operating system software market for PCs in a software war with Microsoft, Microsoft achieved dominance not only of the key market for PC operating systems, but also the key market of office applications during the first half of the 1990s.

In the early 1990s computing again underwent further fundamental changes with the appearance of the Internet, and for the most computer users, networking became an integral part of what it means to have a computer. Furthermore, the rise of the Internet indicated the impending arrival of a new ‘‘information infrastructure’’ as well as of a ‘‘digital convergence,’’ as the coupling of computers and communications networks was often called.

In addition, the 1990s were a period of an information technology boom, which was mainly based on the Internet hype. For many years previously, it seemed to a great deal of managers and journalists that the Internet would become not just an indispensable business tool, but also a miracle cure for economic growth and prosperity. In addition, computer scientists and sociologists started a discussion predicting the beginning of a new ‘‘information age’’ based on the Internet as a ‘‘technological revolution’’ and reshaping the ‘‘material basis’’ of industrial societies.

The Internet was the outcome of an unusual collaboration of a military–industrial–academic complex that promoted the development of this extraordinary innovation. It grew out of a military network called the ARPAnet, a project established and funded by ARPA in the 1960s. The ARPAnet was initially devoted to support of data communications for defense research projects and was only used by a small number of researchers in the 1970s. Its further development was primarily promoted by unintentional forms of network usage. The users of the ARPAnet became very much attracted by the opportunity for communicating through electronic mail, which rapidly surpassed all other forms of network activities. Another unplanned spin-off of the ARPAnet was the Usenet (Unix User Network), which started in 1979 as a link between two universities and enabled its users to subscribe to newsgroups. Electronic mail became a driving force for the creation of a large number of new proprietary networks funded by the existing computer services industry or by organizations such as the NSF (NSFnet). Because networks users’ desire for email to be able to cross network boundaries, an ARPA project on ‘‘internetworking’’ became the origin for the ‘‘Internet’’—a network of networks linked by several layers of protocols such as TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/internet protocol), which quickly developed into the actual standard.

Only after the government funding had solved many of the most essential technical issues and had shaped a number of the most characteristic features of the Internet, did private sector entrepreneurs start Internet-related ventures and quickly developed user-oriented enhancements. Nevertheless, the Internet did not make a promising start and it took more than ten years before significant numbers of networks were connected. In 1980, the Internet had less than two hundred hosts, and during the next four years the number of hosts went up only to 1000. Only when the Internet reached the educational and business community of PC users in the late 1980s, did it start to become an important economic and social phenomenon. The number of hosts began an explosive growth in the late 1980s—by 1988 there were over 50,000 hosts. An important and unforeseen side effect of this development became the creation of the Internet into a new electronic publishing medium. The electronic publishing development that excited most interest in the Internet was the World Wide Web, originally developed at the CERN High Energy Physics Laboratory in Geneva in 1989. Soon there were millions of documents on the Internet, and private PC users became excited by the joys of surfing the Internet. A number of firms such as AOL soon provided low-cost network access and a range of consumer-oriented information services. The Internet boom was also helped by the Clinton–Gore presidential election campaign on the ‘‘information superhighway’’ and by the amazing news reporting on the national information infrastructure in the early 1990s. Nevertheless, for many observers it was astounding how fast the number of hosts on the Internet increased during the next few years—from more than 1 million in 1992 to 72 million in 1999.

The overwhelming success of the PC and of the Internet tends to hide the fact that its arrival marked only a branching in computer history and not a sequence. (Take, for example, the case of mainframe computers, which still continue to run, being of great importance to government facilities and the private sector (such as banks and insurance companies), or the case of supercomputers, being of the utmost significance for modern science and engineering.) Furthermore, it should be noted that only a small part of the computer applications performed today is easily observable—98 percent of programmable CPUs are used in embedded systems such as automobiles, medical devices, washing machines and mobile telephones.

Browse other Technology Research Paper Topics .

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Technology Argumentative Essay Topics: 25+ Ideas for Inspiration

by  Antony W

April 20, 2023

The evolution of technology is no longer a theory because there are far too many developments that would have been otherwise impossible if technology wasn’t really a thing.

In fact, advancements in technology has brought forth changes in the way we learn, how we do business, the way we access information, and the way we communicate and interact.

When it comes to writing an argumentative essay on technology, there are so many topics that you can explore depending on your area of interest.

In this article, we outline 20+ technology argumentative essay topics that you can explore in your next essay assignment.

Technology Argumentative Essay Topics

The following are some of the best topics to consider if your instructor has asked you to work on a technology argumentative essay.

Argumentative Essay Topics on the Development of Technology

• The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) will harm people
• Should the government impose legal control over the development of technology?
• Should we allow cloning in technology?
• Will the development in technology give birth to a Technological Brave New World?
• Should we support the move by states to invest in the development of war and weapons technologies?
• We should not allow genetic engineering
• Will the internet become obsolete one day?
• Should the government invest in space studies?

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Technology Argumentative Essay Topics on Medicine

• Should we encourage scientists to experiment with genetic engineering solely for medical purposes?
• Does technology play a significant role in modern medicine?
• Are health and fitness equipment companies worth it?
• Will computers kick doctors out of their jobs some day?
• Should the medical industry invest in cognitive computing?
• Should the government invest in practical research projects to provide medical assistance to individuals?
• Should medical tests be limited to animals?
• Should we exempt human from critical clinical trials?
• Can parents control undesirable genetics of their unborn children?
• Do smartphones cause brain cancer?
• Does the use of wearable technology boot healthy living?

Also Read: Medical Argumentative Essay Topics

Technology Argumentative Essay Topics on Social Media

• Should an individual take legal action for hate speech on social media?
• Has social media technology impoverished people’s social lives?
• The government should limit the use of social media during political rallies and elections
• Should companies care about potential employees’ social media profiles in the recruiting and hiring process?
• Do social media cause moral decay among college students?
• Should the free speech rule apply when creating posts and commenting on social media posts?
• Can teenagers in college and kids in high school have their own social media account?
• Should cops and intelligence have access to social media profiles during their investigation?
• Do social media companies uphold the privacy of their users?
• Has social media has a negative effect on interpersonal relationships and real-life social interactions?
• Should we discourage children and adolescent from using social media platforms such as Facebook and WhatsApp?
• Should social media companies develop new policies to enhance data privacy of their registered user?
• Has Instagram contributed to low self-esteem among teenagers?
• Should parents discourage children from making new friends on social media?
• It’s inappropriate for teachers and students to befriend each other on social media

Technology Argumentative Essay Topics on Social Life

• Will emails, online chats, and smartphones replace face-to-face communication?
• Is it legal to use a smartphone while driving a car?
• Are humans too dependent on technology?
• Kids who play video games are smarter in class than those who don’t
• Do smartphones make people depend on each other?
• Does modern technology make human beings helpless in the event of a crisis?
• Has social media affected the way young people find and build relationships in real life?
• Do parents have the obligation to determine how long their children use the internet on a day-to-day basis?
• Can technology improve the quality of an individual’s life?
• Do violent video games teach children and adult to behave more violently?
• Can technological innovation help humans to live longer?
• Is the use of microchips the best way to protect human identity?

Also Read: 35+ Argumentative Essay Topics on Multiple Subjects

Technology Argumentative Essay Topics on Education

• Will traditional books disappear?
• Should teachers allow students to bring laptops and tablets to classes?
• Students should not be allowed to use social in school
• Should teachers encourage the use of video games in school?
• Does online education make students lazy?
• Is listening to audio books better than reading a textbook?
• Will online education replace traditional learning as online technology continues to develop?
• Are online education platforms more effective than traditional libraries?
• Is 3D printing more reliable than Computer Aided Design software at producing models?
• Are online classes better that traditional brick and motor learning?
• Can we blame smartphone technology for the high rate of spelling mistakes among young people in schools?
• Should learning institutions invest in online proctoring to monitor students during online examination?
• Can a reliance on technology help to solve the education problems faced by institutions of higher learning?
• Does the integration of technology in classroom sessions help to improve the learning process?
• Should education institutions take part in the regulation of cyberbullying?
• Is online education compatible with traditional education?

Also Read: Social Media Argumentative Essay Topics

Technology Argumentative Essay Topics on Human Interactions

• The increased use in technology makes people dumber
• Does overreliance on technology make people lazy or too dependent on it?
• Using technology to solve one human problem only creates another problem
• Should we campaign for worldwide accessibility to technology to boost human interaction?
• Has social media really made the world a small global village?
• Should parents have control over what content children can access on the internet?
• Should the government ban the use of social networking sites in college and universities?

About the author 

Antony W is a professional writer and coach at Help for Assessment. He spends countless hours every day researching and writing great content filled with expert advice on how to write engaging essays, research papers, and assignments.

Computer Science - List of Free Essay Examples And Topic Ideas

Computer Science is the study of algorithmic processes, computational machines, and computation itself. Essays could explore various sub-fields of computer science like artificial intelligence, data science, or cybersecurity. It could also discuss the ethical implications of technological advancements or the impact of computer science on modern society. We have collected a large number of free essay examples about Computer Science you can find at Papersowl. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.

Closing the Gender Gap: Combating Stereotypes in Computer Science

About the stereotype of computer science in the media. Over the past couple decades, the ratio of women to men in computer science jobs has declined due to societal factors that begin at a very young age. Despite common knowledge, women held the majority of technology jobs, but they were considered the inferior sex, so their remarkable work went unnoticed. Today, society and the media push boys and girls into stereotypical roles that give men the advantage to succeed in […]

The Need for more Women in STEM Fields

The general stereotype people had was that girls play with dolls and everything about the kitchen while boys play cars and video games. It seems like from the young age the path has been draw of what each gender will choose. However, women today decided that the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics, known as STEM, are no longer a men's club. One cannot ignore the truth that there is a significant difference in salary between men and women […]

Methods of Database Security

Abstract Database security is a growing concern indicated by an expansion in the number of announced loss or unofficial submission incidents to sensitive data. As the amount of data collected, retained and split is expanding electronically, so is the need to recognize the security of databases. When a user of a database creates a list, he is fully permitted to perform steps such as reading, adding, modifying and deleting upon it. In fact, it can give any or all of […]

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Usability Concepts of Human-Computer Interaction

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Internet of Things (IoT)

Abstract Devices, systems and people get connected to IoT daily and therefore, become exposed to dangers and risks. Security cases are regularly reported and expert's fear that the control of the situation will be lost. However, the evolution of technology is on its toes to facilitate internet of things and solve security problems. In this research proposal, internet of things (IoT) usage in home security is explored, scrutinized and plans for the security issue mitigations bestowed based on the current […]

Computers are Brilliant Machines

Although computers are brilliant machines that are capable of executing a wide variety of tasks, they would not be much use without software. In our world today, we use hundreds of different types of software that allow users to accomplish tasks, do number calculations, write this paper, etc. When Bill Gates and Paul Allen were attending college, the Altair 8800 had hit the market and grew interest as people saw use for the microcomputer. With the introduction of the Altair […]

Discuss the Importance of Data Management in Research

1. Definiton of Key terms Data management is a general term which refers to a part of research process involving organising, structuring, storage and care of data generated during the research process. It is of prime importance in that it is part of good research practice and it has a bearing on the quality of analysis and research output. The University of Edinburgh (2014) defines data management as a general term covering how you organize, structure, store and care for […]

Is Apple an Oligopoly? U.S. and China’s Economic Dance

Apple's Global Strategy: The Intersection of American Design and Chinese Manufacturing Abstract When it comes to Apple products, it is a big success around the United States and in most countries, to be exact. This paper introduces the emerging success of Apple products and how it has impacted the United States economically. There are several advantages regarding the existence of Apple Products, leading to one of the biggest successes of creating employment opportunities not only in the United States but […]

The Importance of Internet: Benefits, Risks, and Online Privacy

Digital Evolution: The Internet's Global Reach, Power, and Potential Risks The Internet has been around for about 20-plus years. In its time, it has evolved into this enormous commodity that everyone now uses. The Internet has given us many different things with just a click of a button. Without the Internet, we wouldn't have T.V.s, cell phones, and other numerous accommodations it provides. If the Internet did not exist, we would have to do everything how we used to before […]

Artificial Intelligence: Good or Bad for Society?

Artificial Intelligence In recent years, Artificial Intelligence(AI), also called Machinery Intelligence, has become a hot topic. Especially after AlphaGo beat several world-famous go players such as Ke Jie and Lee Se-dol, AI caught the world’s attention. AI means using the automaton system to simulate the external behavior of the human mind to solve problems efficiently. In 1950, Turing put forward “Machines can think” in his works. AI was first mentioned in 1956 at Dartmouth Institute. From then on, the research […]

The Role of Messages in Simple Network Management Protocol (Snmp)

Since computer network construction is a challenge, a network is a group of computer nodes that are connected together with the intent of sharing resources with other nodes employing wire or wireless. For the purpose of sharing resources, a network has several protocols and construction architecture. We are going to see about the important protocol for sharing resources, which is the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a protocol that will manage the network […]

The Coded Message in Cryptanalysis and Ways of It`S Analysis

Code Breaking, also known as cryptanalysis, is the study of analyzing information systems in order to study the hidden aspects of the systems. During World War II, Bletchley Park in Buckinghamshire was Britain's main decryption establishment. The Government Code and Cypher School were a closely guarded secret for years. The estate housed the intellect which regularly penetrated the secret communications of the Axis Powers (specifically German, Italian, Japanese, and Soviet signals). The teams also developed automatic machinery to help with […]

Intended Ciphered Message in Rsa Crypto-System

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The World Privacy Policy of Instant Messaging

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Smart Cities Data Security

Data and privacy challenges solutions In this part, we will briefly explain the basic building blocks for the privacy-enhancing technologies that have been created over the past decades. The sort of security that PETs ensure relies upon the setting where they are utilized, for instance, privacy in smart mobility, or privacy of body & mind in smart health. Process-Oriented Privacy Protection We start with the different privacy techniques that are used to develop privacy-friendly systems, and in most technologies, they […]

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How to Write Essay About Computer Science

Students often face challenges not only in crafting essays about computer science, but also in grappling with the complex homework assignments that STEM computer science courses present. These difficulties can range from understanding intricate programming concepts to applying theoretical knowledge in practical scenarios. Recognizing this, we offer comprehensive assistance for those who find themselves struggling with their computer science homework. Our support extends beyond just essay writing; we provide tailored guidance to help you overcome any obstacle in your computer science coursework , ensuring you can achieve the understanding and results you aspire to.

Computer science essays require a blend of technical understanding, analytical thinking, and clear communication. Here's a structured approach to help you write an insightful essay on a computer science topic:

Understanding the Essay Topic

Start by clearly defining the computer science topic you're addressing. Computer science encompasses a wide range of areas including algorithms, data structures, software development, artificial intelligence, and network security. Determine whether the essay is exploratory, analytical, argumentative, or descriptive, as this will shape your approach.

Conducting Thorough Research

In-depth research is crucial. Use credible sources like scholarly articles, textbooks, and reputable online resources focusing on computer science. Pay attention to recent studies, technological advancements, and current trends in the field. This research will provide a solid foundation for your arguments and help you stay updated on the latest developments.

Developing a Clear Thesis Statement

Your thesis statement should articulate the central argument or the main idea of your essay. In computer science, this might be a perspective on a programming methodology, the impact of a certain technology, or an analysis of a specific algorithm. Ensure your thesis is precise and directly related to your topic.

Planning the Essay Structure

Organize your essay logically. The introduction should outline the topic and present your thesis statement. The body should consist of several paragraphs, each discussing a specific aspect or argument related to your thesis. Use relevant examples, case studies, or research findings to support your points. Conclude by summarizing your main arguments and restating the thesis in the context of the information presented.

Writing the Essay

Use clear, concise language suitable for a technical audience. Avoid unnecessary jargon, but when technical terms are needed, define them for clarity. Explain complex computer science concepts in a way that is accessible to your readers. Present your arguments logically, backed by evidence from your research.

Incorporating Technical Details

Computer science essays often include technical details like code snippets, algorithms, or system architectures. Ensure these elements are relevant and clearly presented. If you include code, it should be well-commented and formatted for readability.

Citing Your Sources

Accurate citation is crucial in computer science essays, especially when referring to algorithms, code, or data from other authors. Use an appropriate citation style, like IEEE or APA, and ensure all your sources, including software and digital resources, are accurately cited.

Editing and Proofreading

Carefully review your essay for clarity, coherence, and logical flow. Check for technical accuracy and consistency in your use of computer science terminology. Proofread for spelling, grammar, and formatting errors. Having someone else read your essay can be helpful, as they might identify areas that need clarification or correction.

Writing an essay about computer science involves understanding complex concepts and effectively communicating them in a structured and insightful manner. By methodically researching your topic, organizing your essay logically, and presenting your arguments with clarity and precision, you can create a compelling essay that showcases your understanding and insights into the dynamic field of computer science.

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413 Science and Technology Essay Topics to Write About [2024]

Would you always go for Bill Nye the Science Guy instead of Power Rangers as a child? Were you ready to spend sleepless nights perfecting your science fair project? Or maybe you dream of a career in science?

Then this guide by Custom-Writing.org is perfect for you. Here, you’ll find the following:

• lists of excellent science and technology topics;
• essay prompts;
• scientific essay outline;
• bonus tips.
• 🔝 Top 10 Science & Technology Topics
• 🔬 Scope of Research
• 🤖 Modern Technology Topics
• 🧪 Science Essay Topics
• 🔭 Space Exploration Topics
• 💡 Other Topics
• 📝 Essay Prompt
• ✍️ Step-by-Step Guide

🔍 References

🔝 top 10 science and technology topics.

• ICT use in healthcare
• Consent in biobanking
• Pros and cons of NFTs
• Fintech and healthcare accessibility
• Widening of the global digital skills gap
• Ways to identify gaps in health research
• Changes in Mid-Atlantic regional climate
• Transforming public health data systems
• Workings of the online extremist ecosystem
• Ways of improving statistical computing practices

🔬 Science and Technology: Scope of Research

Now you can start looking for an essay idea in our topics list. But first, have a look at the following fields of research in science and technology that our topics cover:

• Modern technology includes the newest advances in engineering, hardware, systems, and organization methods. You can write about robotics, computer science, and more.
• Science is knowledge about the universe in the form of testable explanations. In your paper, you can cover different areas of science such as biology, physics, etc. For more ideas, check out our list of topics in science .
• Space explorations began in the ancient world and eventually allowed people to build a spaceship, arrange the first space trip, and step on the Moon.
• In a technology essay on space exploration , you may write about the most up-to-date technologies in the sphere of space traveling and exploration.
• Space exploration essays can also be devoted to the period of the Cold War . One of its aspects was a space race between the United States and the USSR.
• Finally, you can assess the importance of various space innovations . Many people tend to condemn spending vast sums of money on space exploration. You may give your viewpoint on this question in an essay. Check out our list of topics in astrophysics for more ideas.

🤖 Modern Technology Essay Topics

• Increasingly powerful 3D computer chips
• Technology and the rise of the leisure class
• Luddism as the most radical opposition to the use of technology
• Technological inventions that have a destructive power
• How does nuclear technology affect the global economy?
• Mobile video communication from any mountaintop
• Using technology to reinvent identification documents
• The history of the computer viruses and their current examples
• Does technology provide for a better life, or is it a bane?
• Did people reinvent texting to express the full range of emotions?
• How did pop-up advertisements appear and evolve on the Internet?
• The technology behind the most famous instances of hacking in history
• The future privacy risks in the world fully connected to the Internet
• What are the possible future developments in cloud storage ?
• Dancing robots : why is it important to teach robots to dance?
• Should there be censorship on the Internet?
• What self-driving cars can and cannot do at present
• Which features can increase the popularity of self-driving cars among people?
• 19 th -century discoveries versus recent technological developments
• The positive and negative impacts of communication technology
• The printing press , the telephone, and the Internet: their contribution to global communications
• Philosophical debates about the present and future use of nuclear technology
• The potential dangers of virtual reality replacing real-life experiences
• Transhumanism and techno-progressivism and their positive views of technology
• The history, benefits, and drawbacks of cloud technology
• Voice-commanded robot wheelchair (that will bring you to any location stored in its memory)
• Cameras that can determine your age just by looking at your face: how do they work?
• Innovative technologies in Antarctica that are speeding up polar research
• Technology and the development of daily living aids for chronic diseases. People who have chronic diseases always need to monitor their well-being. However, science has moved towards developing special devices that help people in their daily lives. For instance, you can write about stairlifts, wheelchairs, or other appliances.
• The history and technological evolution of prosthetics. People have been using prosthetic limbs from ancient times. Now, these items are much more functional, and their innovation continues. Wood and metal have been replaced by novel materials such as carbon fiber. Robotics also allows controlling prosthetic limbs better.
• Disability technology: how science invented hearing aids , text-to-speech programs, and more. Today, disabled people can get access to aids that enhance their living. For example, hearing aids were developed as far as 1898. But they became small only after World War II. Now they are enhanced by the technology of Bluetooth .
• How has the clothing industry evolved with the development of new technology? In the past, all clothes were hand-made. After the sewing machine was introduced, people’s fashion also changed. Now, technology can create items of clothing that a human cannot produce. But many people still seek hand-made items and see the automatization of manufacturing process as a disadvantage.
• Gardening for the 21st century: vertical gardening for tiny city spaces. As the world population grows, people have much less room for farming and recreational gardening. New concepts such as vertical gardening are innovative and environmentally conscious. They create small green spaces in urban areas and bring humans back to nature.
• Hydroponic systems and other approaches to agriculture without soil. It can be hard to find enough place for soil planting in big crowded cities. Hydroponic gardening is a way to get fresh local vegetables that can be grown indoors. Such approaches, nonetheless, have their advantages and disadvantages.
• The importance of sustainable farming for the environment. Food production is a vital part of people’s lives. Science has shown that agriculture contributes to pollution. Now, climate change concerns raise the question—how can humans grow food without damaging the environment? Sustainable principles may be the answer to this question.
• Genetically modified foods: history, benefits and drawbacks, and common misconceptions. Many discussions surround the topic of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). GMOs are crops whose DNA was changed artificially. Some people believe that bioengineered fruits and vegetables pose risks to people’s health. Others say that genetic engineering improves harvest and food quality.
• Can GMOs solve world hunger? Food shortage is among the biggest problems in the world. Genetic modification may introduce crops that ripen faster, stay fresh longer, and yield a better harvest. However, these GMOs may not grow as well as natural plants. These issues are at the center of the debate around bioengineering.

🧪 Science Topics to Write About

Science Essay Topics for Middle School

• How did humans learn to measure speed and velocity?
• Everyday life examples of Newton’s 2 nd law of motion
• Current differences in various measurements of distance
• How and why are miles different from nautical miles?
• The concept of time from antiquity to modern clocks
• How were measurements of distance developed?
• How gravity explains most of the natural phenomena on Earth
• The history of Einstein’s theory of gravity and people who opposed it
• The history of the 3 different systems of measuring temperature
• Which temperature unit is easier to use in daily life: Fahrenheit or Celsius?
• How can Newton’s laws of motion be explained by using household objects?
• Experimental design : how to improve the results of an experiment
• Is safety important in scientific experimentation, or does it get in the way of discovery?
• How the Earth was shaped: tectonic plates’ movement. A long time ago, the continents used to be shaped differently. Their shape depended on the direction of tectonic plates. It is believed that they once formed Pangaea—a supercontinent that broke into many pieces and created the modern continents.
• Can humans create new continents and change the existing ones? Humans contribute to shaping the planet in many ways. Agriculture and the search for resources change the terrain, while urban development leads to climate change. Also, various islands are constructed by people from natural and artificial materials.
• What is the air that we breathe made out of? The air in the Earth’s atmosphere is unique. It allows nature to thrive and live. Air contains more than just various gases. It also holds water and particles that affect pollution, climate, and nature’s health.
• The layers of the atmosphere : why mountain air is different. The Earth is surrounded by an atmosphere with layers. Each of them has a different composition and pressure level. That is why people say that the air on the top of a mountain feels different. This variety affects many aspects of the natural world.
• How the Earth is shaped today: volcanoes, earthquakes, and tsunamis. Different natural phenomena contribute to changing the shape of the planet. For example, volcanic eruptions make lava spill onto land and water. Over time, this lava hardens and turns into rock. These events can create whole new landforms or destroy existing ones.
• Which animals can live in the outer layers of the atmosphere? Almost all living beings on Earth require oxygen to survive. However, some of them may need less oxygen than others. Interestingly, a small group of creatures needs almost no air. Various microorganisms can even be found as high as the troposphere.
• The dangers of oxygen. Everybody knows that oxygen is a source of life on Earth . But it is also a part of many dangerous chemical reactions. For example, breathing in pure oxygen is harmful for the body.
• The internal layers of Earth: their chemical composition and state. Earth’s inner structure is as layered as its atmosphere. Each component has unique properties and a different physical state. The movement of one layer can result in volcanic eruptions and earthquakes .
• What are the purpose and special status of navigational stars? Celestial navigation means finding one’s location using stars. It is an ancient practice that is still used today. Some stars, however, play a more important role than others. They serve as marks for easy navigation. The most well-known navigational star is the Polaris, but there are many more.
• The history of weather forecasting in ancient cultures. Today, people can look at a weather forecast for weeks ahead. In ancient times, different cultures searched for the best ways of predicting the weather . Some interesting sources of information were the stars, the color of the sky, the lunar phases, and animal behavior.

Science Essay Topics for High School Students

• Printing food: will you be able to download a pizza?
• Why are there so many programming languages ?
• Can computers create meaningful and original art?
• The place of creative professions in an AI-powered future
• Is distance learning effective, or does it hinder studying?
• Are there any alternatives to plastic that benefit the environment?
• Can everyone stay inside forever with the help of technology?
• The common mistakes that AI continues to make to this day
• Enhancing the quality of school education with virtual reality
• The effect of social media on building relationships and making friends
• The research of artificially produced foods and its environmental impact
• Which devices do students and teachers need to introduce into the classroom ?
• The rise of distance learning : the best methods of studying remotely
• Is translation software equally developed for all languages of the world?
• How people in small communities can find each other with social media
• The impact of unrecyclable materials on oceans. Pollution is on the minds of many scientists today. Ocean animals are often injured or killed by plastic debris. Coral reefs and vegetation also struggle with materials that cannot be recycled. You may suggest ways of cleaning the ocean and making it a better environment for its flora and fauna.
• The use of big data in predicting people’s everyday choices. Big data refers to collecting enormous amounts of information. The data is taken from open online sources. It is then analyzed for different industries to use. How can companies use big data to predict what people need?
• How does marketing use Internet-of-Things? Marketing specialists are always searching for new technologies to explore. They want to surprise their clients and make them interested in their company’s product. The Internet-of-Things connects devices and saves valuable data. Advertisements may use this interconnectedness to their advantage.
• The differences between traditional and digital art . Many of today’s artists are skilled in using software to create art. They use digital painting programs to produce unique works. But how does digital art differ from traditional methods? What negative and positive sides does it have?
• Why do search engines show different results for the same search term? When entering a keyword into Google , Bing, or other search engines, one can get an array of different responses. This essay can explore different companies’ strategies to provide the best answers to their users’ queries.
• What are the disadvantages of clean energy sources ? With the issue of climate change on the rise, many scientists suggest using eco-friendly energy sources . Such options have many benefits for the world. However, they also pose some risks.
• The history of global nuclear energy development. Nuclear energy is a controversial topic among scientists. On the one hand, it is an alternative to fossil fuel use. On the other, the devastating effects of nuclear plant catastrophes expose many risks of this option. This energy source is an excellent topic for an exploratory or argumentative science essay.
• Benefits and drawbacks of wind and solar power for everyday use. Comparisons between solar and wind power are at the center of many debates about clean energy. Both options are considered environmentally friendly, but they are very different. A compare-and-contrast essay on this topic is sure to provide many points of discussion.
• Is it possible for people to produce more freshwater than there currently is? The freshwater supply is limited, and science searches for new ways to produce it. Some organizations collect rainwater and make it safe for consumption. Others try to invent more effective seawater filters. The goal of this search is to support the growing water demand.
• Can science prolong our lives or even let us live forever? Many people think about mortality and try to prolong their lives. Some researchers may believe that there are ways to make people live longer by slowing down aging. A scientific essay can explore people’s search for life extension strategies.

🔭 Space Exploration Essay Topics: Science and Technology

Science and Technology Topics in Space Studies

• What is the role of NASA in space research?
• How relevant is the problem of space debris?
• Describe the dynamics of space flights
• What is the role of dogs in space travel ?
• History and evolution of space research
• What is the purpose of planetary science?
• The first man to travel into space
• Top 10 interesting facts about space
• Explain the concept of wormholes
• Ecological problems of space exploration
• Exploration and effects of dark matter
• Discuss the process of human adaptation to space conditions
• What have we learned from space research over the last decade?
• How do you understand and define spacetime?
• How does the James Webb Space Telescope work?
• What are some of the most prominent contributors to space research?
• Discuss possibilities of manned trips to other planets
• The evidence that proves the existence of black holes
• What is significant about the Solar System?
• What are gravitational waves , and how can we measure them?
• Describe the first 50 years of the space age
• Compare and contrast different space exploration techniques
• Discuss Space Exploration Day, its origin, and relevance
• The effect of space weather on the planet Earth
• Current trends and news about space exploration
• Who are the most famous American astronauts and researchers?
• What are the benefits of space research for society?
• The use of standard candles in measuring distance in space
• What are the economic benefits of space exploration?
• What are the space programs of major countries ?
• The history of non-human animals in spacecraft testing. Before the first human was sent into space, many animals were used to test spacecraft. Some of them successfully reached their goals and returned home. Countries such as the US and USSR sent various animals into space, ranging from dogs to chimpanzees.
• What is the connection between a planet and its moons ? Many planets, including the Earth, have one or several moons. In total, there are more than 200 moons in the Solar System. These natural satellites orbit their planets and influence their weather. Although Earth has only one natural satellite, the Moon , it plays a significant role in its climate.
• The biological effects of space travel and its long-term outcomes. Astronauts who spend time in space report changes in their behavior. For example, they get accustomed to the lack of gravity on the spaceship. Their health is also affected—even a short trip leads to “space adaptation syndrome.”
• What are the prospects of exploring space beyond the Solar System? Currently, human-led expeditions aim for nearby space segments. However, robotic spacecraft and powerful telescopes help people see beyond the Solar System. Voyagers 1 and 2 are the only NASA’s spacecraft that can cross interstellar limits. They still have enough power to collect more data.
• Gravity on Earth and in the Solar System. The role of gravity on Earth is vital for every system and occurrence. A gravitational pull that keeps planets in their orbits, but gravity can do much more—it creates stars, moves matter, and heats planetary cores.
• How far have the scientists reached in their exploration of space? People’s view of the universe has expanded dramatically since the first theories about space. Now, it appears endless, and people use the best technology to see its remotest corners. The Solar System is no longer the limit of exploration, and many vital discoveries contributed to this knowledge.
• The history of exoplanet research. Extrasolar planets (or exoplanets) move through space outside the Solar System. The first evidence of their existence appeared as early as the 1910s. However, it was confirmed scientifically only in the 1980s. Since then, researchers have discovered more than 4000 exoplanets.
• Why is Mars the primary goal of many missions? Mars is the center of space exploration news. Since 1933, NASA has led the Mars Exploration Program (MEP) to investigate the planet’s resources. It also has a solid surface that allows exploration robots to roam Mars in search of life.
• The international legacy of space exploration. During the Cold War, space exploration was a part of the US and the USSR competition. Since then, astronauts from many countries have participated in missions. Space programs have a national purpose, but cooperation between countries leads to better results.

Technology Essay Topics about Space Exploration

• History of space telescopes
• How is a sub-orbital rocket constructed?
• Describe any type of modern spacecraft
• How does a rocket engine work?
• Discuss the relevance of space weapons
• How does an artificial satellite work?
• The Cassini mission and its legacy
• The cultural impact of Curiosity rover
• What are safety measures on spacecrafts?
• What are the modern targets of space exploration?
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of uncrewed spacecraft?
• Can space technology help to combat the avian influenza virus?
• How long will it take for a spaceship to get to a nearby planet?
• Prospects for the development of space technologies
• Who are the pioneers of rocket and space technology?
• Spacecraft classification according to their missions
• What happens at the International Space Station ?
• Can space technology solve the energy crisis?
• Project Orion: origin, challenges, and its impact
• The journeys of NASA’s robotic spacecraft around and beyond Earth’s atmosphere. NASA’s history of space exploration includes many exciting expeditions. Human-led missions were grand and are remembered in history. However, unmanned probes have brought lots of information about space to NASA. They were able to collect samples for investigation and photograph remote planets.
• Why is gravity important in space explorations? Everyone knows that astronauts live in space with no gravity . Weightlessness is an issue that affects the human body. Some space objects have gravity, but it is different from Earth’s. Understanding this aspect of space exploration is vital for designing future missions.
• Elon Musk’s dream of building a rocket. The whole world follows the news of how scientists at Space X tried to reinvent spacecraft. They failed many times, but only to succeed and partner with NASA. Explore the timeline of their innovations in your essay.
• What is the role of experimentation in space travel improvement? Space exploration is a complicated field where a slight miscalculation can lead to dangerous results. Many space ships and probes have failed in decades of testing. That is why experimentation is a core part of exploration. Without failure, success cannot be achieved.
• How did the safety of spacecraft evolve over the years? Human spaceflights pose many dangers to the ship’s crew. People cannot survive in outer space, so the spacecraft must be safe from radiation and hostile environments. Moreover, astronauts who go into outer space or step on the surface of other planets have to be equipped to handle the harsh conditions.
• The history of communication in space. Communication between astronauts and Earth is crucial for all space missions. It is also a remedy for space travelers’ isolation from their families and loved ones. A special Space Network was developed to connect the researchers on Earth with the astronauts.
• The successes and failures of “space gardens.” Aboard the International Space Station , astronauts have entire gardens for various vegetables and flowers. However, the process of finding how to grow these plants was long. Space researchers had to solve problems with gravity, water delivery, fertilizer intake, and much more.
• Which technologies allowed people to mimic their daily activities in space? Even in space, people have to eat, sleep, and keep up with their hygiene. However, the lack of gravity turns these simple daily tasks into a challenge. Much of the space-related research was dedicated to creating freeze-dried food, no-rinse shampoo, and other interesting inventions to resolve this issue.
• The differences and similarities between types of spacecraft. Robotic spacecraft have unique characteristics that correspond with their missions. For example, flyby spacecraft explores the Solar System without landing. Some probes are designed to land on a planet and send data back to Earth. Others are made to penetrate the surface of a comet to measure its properties.
• How did crewless spacecraft evolve? The creation of uncrewed spacecraft has changed with the world’s technological advancement . At first, spacecraft only left the Earth’s atmosphere to observe space. Robots and rovers were eventually designed to land on other planets . These machines need to survive harsh environments to collect data.

Space Race Essay: Scientific Topics

• Cold War , space research, and diplomacy
• What were the consequences of the space race?
• Was the space race a result of the Cold War ?
• The failures and successes of the US in the space race
• Soviet vs. American rocket development
• Compare and contrast Sputnik and Explorer satellites
• How were space discoveries affected by the Cold War
• Timeline of space investigation during the Cold War
• How did the space race affect other spheres of scientific development?
• The state of US and USSR’s space programs after the end of the Cold War
• Why was the Moon chosen as the destination for both nations during the space race?
• The role of US/Soviet spacecraft cooperation in reducing Cold War tensions
• Planned trips to other planets of the Solar System during the space race
• What are the positive and negative consequences of the space race for the countries?
• How did the competition between the US and the USSR start? In the early 20 th century, the tensions between the United States and the USSR were combat-based. However, the arms race after World War II transformed it into a space race. Both nations wanted to be the first in achieving space exploration milestones.
• Was the creation of NASA a consequence of the Cold War? NASA was established in 1958. Its earlier projects show that the space race influenced the organization. For instance, the operation Man in Space Soonest (MISS) name reveals the competitive nature of early space exploration.
• The influence of the USSR’s space exploration achievements on American politics . The US was the first country to put a man on the Moon. Nevertheless, the USSR made several important discoveries as well. This fact undoubtedly affected American politics during and after the Cold War. It inspired political ideas rooted in scientific superiority and academic achievement.
• What did the Apollo missions achieve? The Apollo program lasted from 1968 until 1972, including six successful missions. Some spacecraft were launched to orbit the Moon and photograph its surface. During the Apollo 11 mission, two astronauts landed and walked on the Moon.

• Did the space race contribute to other tensions between the US and USSR ? The competition surrounding space exploration led to many domestic and foreign political changes. Both countries set ambitious goals and cultivated a sense of pride in their achievements. It may be argued that the space race was a continuation of a long tradition of seeking leadership in technology.
• The first woman in space and the history of female astronauts. The story of the first man in space is well-known to most people. However, the USSR also sent the first woman, Valentina Tereshkova, into space in 1963. After that, no flights included women up until the 1980s. Nowadays, female astronauts come from many countries, but men on spacecraft crews still outnumber them.
• The role of Germany in the advancement of rocket technology in World War II . The space race usually mentions two key players—the US and the USSR. However, Germany also affected this competition during and after World War II. Missiles created in Nazi Germany showed that sub-orbital spaceflight was possible. Soviet and American rocket engineers used their military knowledge and transferred it into spacecraft design.
• The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project. In 1972, the US and USSR leaders decided to push for cooperation rather than competition in the space race. As a result, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) began its development. It was the first international mission; in 1975, two spacecraft docked in space to symbolize unity.
• How did the first men in space contribute to space exploration? Both the US and the USSR were able to send people to space. In 1961, Yuri Gagarin was the first human to fly in Earth’s orbit. In 1969, Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong landed on the Moon. Both events significantly contributed to the countries’ national development and interest in space exploration.

Science and Technology Essay Ideas in Space Innovations

• Why should we continue space exploration ?
• How much money is spent on space research today?
• What are the future perspectives of space investigation?
• What are the major challenges in geodesy?
• The main types of space telescopes
• Is colonization of the Solar System possible?
• Should more money be invested in spacecraft innovations?
• What space innovations do you think will be invented in the future?
• Do you think humanity can survive an asteroid impact?
• Compare and contrast the colonization of outer space planets in 2 science fiction novels
• What can the previous crashes of spacecraft teach engineers? Many of the space missions failed across the globe. Crewless probes, drones , and spacecraft with a crew can fail at any stage of the flight. However, previous unsuccessful efforts are very useful for scientists.
• The potential for recreational space travel. Millions of people dream of going into space, but the astronaut profession is not for everyone. Recreational travel is a chance for tourists to experience space. It is a question of whether it will be possible.
• Key participants in space exploration innovations in the 21st century. In the last century, the US and USSR were the key countries in space exploration. Now, many nations contribute to innovations and develop new technologies. For example, the International Space Station (ISS) program includes Japan, Canada, Germany, and other countries.
• Elon Musk’s reusable rockets. Currently, most spacecraft cannot be reused for space missions. Many factors lead to aircraft degradation, making it dangerous for second use. One of the goals of Space X, created by Elon Musk , is to develop fully-reusable spacecraft.
• The ideas of space colonization in movies: are any of them realistic? Films such as The Martian , Interstellar , and Alien introduce exciting ideas about space travel. Although they are fictional, they may depict certain devices or scenarios that will be real in the future.
• What are the reasons behind people’s renewed interest in space travel? The end of the Cold War also marked diminished interest in space exploration. For some years, people didn’t pay much attention to it. However, now it appears that the passion for exploration has been sparked again. Many countries are currently working on their own spacecraft, and people see Mars as the new destination to conquer.
• Space drones and other crewless spacecraft for interplanetary exploration. Scientists were able to create various spacecraft to go beyond the limits of the Solar System. One of the latest ideas is to make interplanetary drones that will leave the Earth and gather information in a new way.
• Does the Moon present any potential for travel and colonization? Historically, the Moon landings are considered to be outstanding achievements. Now, the Moon is again the center of discussions. You can explore interesting concepts for colonizing the Moon.
• Technological advancements in creating safe and comfortable spacesuits for different environments. Space travel requires scientists to develop spacesuits that protect people from various harsh environments. For example, landing on Mars would require a suit that withstands great and rapid temperature changes.

💡 Science and Technology Essay Topics: Other Ideas

• The new Face ID technology: is it a revolutionary invention?
• What will technical schools look like in the future?
• Is the human brain more productive than a computer?
• The temperature on the surface of exoplanets
• Thomas Edison’s contribution to technological advancements
• How do sun rays affect people’s health?
• Revolutionary technologies and famous inventions from Japan
• Technologies that make driving safer
• How will people study exact sciences in the future?
• New technologies in modern architecture
• Stephen Hawking’s black holes hypothesis
• Is there a possibility that people’s manual labor might not be necessary for any manufacturing processes in the future?
• Do new technologies influence people’s appearance ? How do they do it?
• What would today’s world be like without cellphones and computers?
• What could Leonardo da Vinci possibly invent in the 21 st century?
• Will professions that don’t require the human factor remain in demand in several decades?
• What impact do new technologies have on people’s beliefs and personal philosophies ?
• New technologies and equipment that helps farmers during the wheat harvest
• Will hover drones replace helicopters in the future?
• What are the top 5 alternative energy sources?
• What technologies should be implemented to stop pollution on Earth?
• Social media’s  impact on the populations of different countries
• If people colonize Mars , what means of communication between two planets might be fast enough to share information?
• How can the problem of lack of Internet connection in some parts of the world be solved?
• A scientific approach to the problem of alcoholism
• NASA’s space projects that will be realized in the next decade
• Spheres in which computer technologies cannot replace human workers
• The history of computers: how was the first computer invented?
• A scientific approach to global warming: the most efficient methods of the catastrophe prevention
• Useful features in the new generation of computers and smartphones
• Ernest Rutherford’s scientific career and achievements
• The most technologically advanced country in the world
• Technologies implemented for cleaning the oceans from garbage
• Innovative methods of charging electronic devices
• Scientific research in spaceships: are travels at light speed possible?
• Modern automobiles and technologies that help drivers control their vehicles
• The furthest object that humanity managed to observe with the help of a telescope
• Is teleportation possible, or should people stop spending money on its development?
• The most ridiculous and useless scientific experiments
• The human brain and a  computer : differences and  similarities
• Gravity, temperature, and living conditions on the Moon
• What can be possibly found at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean? Will humanity ever reach its deepest point?
• Technologies used in nursing for delivering appropriate medication to patients in hospital settings
• Scientific research on the topic of protecting nature and the environment: ecologic technologies and policies
• Does the popular minimalist movement contribute to new technologies in any way?
• The tallest plants on Earth and where they grow
• Innovative technologies in  producing and reserving electricity  all over the world
• New technologies that prevent ships from falling over during storms
• Apple’s approach to the safety of their clients’ personal data
• How will the Solar System’s planets’ orbits change in the next century?
• The universe: how big can it possibly be?
• Nanotechnologies used in medicine to heal people with AIDS and cancer
• Earth’s collision with an asteroid in approximately 600 years: actual threat or a hoax?
• Is it ever going to be possible for humanity to travel outside the limits of our galaxy?
• Will humans terraform Mars instead of saving the Earth from an ecological catastrophe?
• Use of nanotechnologies in reducing the amount of garbage on the planet
• New technologies in sports and how will they influence people’s health
• Modern bicycles with reduced risk of accidents on the roads
• The safest means of transport in the world
• Virtual reality  and its use in art
• Can disabled people live a full life with the help of virtual reality?
• The best way to travel across the universe and galaxies
• Robots and their use in the mining industry
• Is there a possibility of human clones’ production?
• The most impressive innovations that people expect scientists to develop in the next century
• Nanotechnologies in biology: Is it possible that people might install microchips in their heads to record every memory and valuable data?
• Is it necessary to support human brain activities with the help of technology?
• Social media vs. television: will people stop watching TV altogether?
• New technologies in education: what new methods of teaching and studying might be helpful in colleges and universities?
• How does the world of electronic devices influence people’s relationships with one another?
• A new trend in Japan: marriages with virtual characters
• The effectiveness of physical exercises supported by new technologies
• How long does it take scientists to develop a vaccine against a virus that emerged unexpectedly?
• The diffusion of the Ebola virus and various methods of its prevention in healthy people
• Benefits of the 3D printing technology in healthcare
• In what ways did computers change people’s lives?
• Products that make people’s night rests healthier and their daily activities more productive
• The  environmental pollution’s impact on people’s health: toxic gases, dirty water, and GMO foods
• New technologies that help pilots control and land the aircrafts
• The role of drones in the modern world: how can people use this technology to save finances and prevent traffic jams?
• Vehicles of the future: how will people travel in several decades?
• What technologies should scientists develop for people to survive on Mars ?
• New technologies’ impact on people’s health, lifestyle, and values
• The technology of controlling computers and mobile phones using only brain activity
• New technologies that balance people’s nervous systems and prevent stresses
• Nanotechnologies in ophthalmology: helping children with visual impairments
• People’s mental health and how modern devices influence it
• New technologies in sustainability: recycling methods
• China’s rapid development: technologies that the country uses for its economic system’s growth
• Ways of producing oxygen on Mars in the future

• Technologies that filter water and make it suitable for consumption
• Apps and programs for effective remote work
• Oil drilling technologies and their impact on the environment
• How will the Internet change in 100 years, and what technology might replace the World Wide Web in the future?
• Apps and programs that help students in accomplishing and organizing scientific research
• The advantages of using the cloning technologies in household cares
• Undesirable outcomes of people’s dependency on their electronic devices: computers, mobile phones, and gaming consoles
• New technologies in language learning: innovative methods to expand one’s vocabulary
• New technologies used for transplanting vital organs
• The role of video games in people’s lives
• The possible harm that robots might cause to humanity
• Is it possible to travel through time, and what technologies might help develop a time machine ?
• How ecological fuel that might replace  natural gas , petrol, and diesel
• Perpetual motion machine: attempts of different scientists to create an engine with endless resources of energy
• Technologies that Americans use daily
• Scientific inventions or decisions that might save the world from an ecological catastrophe
• How far can people travel from Earth in outer space ?
• Automobiles’ aerodynamic qualities and how they have changed since the 1950s
• How do technologies change people’s mentalities and cultures?
• What is the purpose of inventing new warfare technologies if some countries have enough power to destroy our planet?
• The impact of new technologies on military establishment and relationships among countries
• Does the Internet make people more intelligent, or is it the other way round?
• Technologies restricted by law in the territory of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
• Do Internet search engines such as Google , Ask, and Bing make people less attentive to what they learn?
• If new software requires more memory space on computers, how many terabytes will an average user need to work online in 20 years?
• How can robots help humanity to increase people’s daily productivity?
• New Apple devices that can change people’s lives
• Alternative ways of finding and sharing necessary information in the future
• Will robots coexist with people in 100 years?
• Will translation software ever be able to replace professional interpreters?
• How can robots and other programmed machines provide medical treatment to hospital patients?
• New technologies in the taxi business
• Is technological progress a good thing, or should we deliberately slow it down?
• What technologies cause harm to the environment, Earth’s population, and the oceans?
• Technologies in the tattoo business: the most effective methods of putting colored pigments under the skin
• Does the US government use any technologies that allow them to wiretap people’s private calls? Is it ethical?
• What technologies should be implemented to create wireless access to the Internet worldwide?
• Do values of contemporary people focus on new technologies more than on everything else?
• What technologies should be implemented to reduce the possibility of overpopulation on Earth?
• Are  electric cars  more cost-effective and productive than vehicles that run on gasoline, diesel, and natural gas?
• Do Face ID and Touch ID technologies protect people’s data from hackers?
• Can any technology reduce the time required for night rests?
• How intelligent are dolphins and whales ?
• Newly emerged research areas and branches of science
• The role of synthetic biology in medicine
• Bionics: the main principles and purposes of the new science
• Nutrigenomics: food values and other factors that influence people’s health
• The main principles and objectives of the memetics study
• Neuroeconomics: the ability of the human brain to make wise decisions
• Sonocytology: the study of the sounds and impulses that the human cells make
• Technologies that help people socialize and rehabilitate after long-term
• How can zero gravity in outer space be used for people’s benefit?
• Which countries are known for their achievements in the sphere of chemistry ?
• Leading countries in the sphere of technology.
• How long will it take Earth to restore all its resources and energy consumed by humanity?
• Machine learning in restaurant and hotel businesses: Improved methods of cooperating with clients
• The ethics of implanting microchips in animals
• AI in online shopping : is it cost-efficient regarding both time and money?
• New technologies that reduce various health risks in polluted areas
• Innovative methods of completing medical operations are more accurate and reduce the possibilities of unfortunate outcomes
• Process automation aimed at cleaning eggs and removing bacteria from the natural products’ surfaces
• How can the implantation of microchips in the human brain help paralyzed individuals?
• Autopilot installed in heavy trucks
• Payment systems that require people’s eye or face scans: is this technology safer than ordinary passwords?
• Camera options that allow people to film in the 360-degree mode
• Solar batteries and their significance in the modern age
• Smart computers that don’t require a person’s intervention to complete tasks or collect information
• Robotic chefs: the device’s functions and other options that make cooking easier
• The technology of modular phones: why did the idea of creating a phone that consists of multiple blocks fail?
• VR technology that might allow people to feel and touch virtual objects
• Water recycling technology that filters the water people use for showering
• Advanced fishing technologies: sensors, drones, and artificial intelligence
• Gyroscope and various devices based on its working principle
• New technologies in web design
• Newton circle and its spheres of use
• Scientific facts that prove the existence of other life forms in the outer space
• Active volcanoes that can erupt at any moment: preventative technologies and safety measures
• Technologies that make people healthy and fit without effort: are they possible?
• Augmented reality use in the cosmetics business
• Potential branches of science that might lead to the creation of new occupations in the future
• The most valuable resource on Earth and technological methods of its extraction
• Internet-of-Things: how is it used in agriculture?
• Synthetic foods: do they contain any nutritional components?
• What technologies can help people reduce the cost of utilities ?
• Entertainment: how will VR technologies influence people’s hobbies in the future?
• How long will it take people to travel between Earth and Mars?
• The temperature on Mars: is it possible for humans to survive on the Red Planet without additional heating devices?
• What will people eat on Mars, and how will they get their food?
• Professions that humanity might need on Mars during colonization
• Messages sent by society in outer space: will they ever be answered?
• If there are other forms of life in different galaxies, how will humans understand and contact them?
• Satellites on our planet’s orbit: what do these devices do, and why are they important for people?
• Is it possible for a human being to stay in a deep freeze for an extended period?
• What do cosmonauts research and observe in the orbit of Earth?
• The main problems of modern science: what issues are scientists trying to solve?
• How dangerous can new technologies be for our environment?
• How do different professions change and improve due to technological development?
• Ethical aspects of genetic engineering for humans
• Egyptian pyramids : technologies that ancient Egyptians used to build their pharaohs’ graves
• Contemporary achievements in genetics
• How have helicopters developed since the 1950s?
• Controversial issues of stem cell research
• German technologies in road building: how is it possible to build a high-quality road for decades?
• Wireless technologies that maternity hospitals use
• What is antimatter, and how can it be used in the medical field?
• How has  technology changed our lives compared to people living a century ago?
• The technology you cannot live without
• What are  the advantages  and disadvantages of genetic engineering?
• Experiments on humans: can they be justified for the sake of science development?
• Can alternative energy technologies provide humanity with sustainable energy resources?
• What technologies can limit the adverse human impact on the environment ?
• Smart devices that can help you reduce your carbon footprint
• Is there a connection between human activity and natural disasters ?
• Military technology advancement: a way to safety or a global threat?
• Robot army: a scene from a movie or our near future?
• Science and technology for personal safety
• Advances in science and technology for  cybersecurity
• Development of technologies for safe online purchases

📝 Science and Technology Essay Prompts

Writing science and technology essays might be a challenging task. Our essay prompts are here to inspire you. Keep reading to make your essay writing even more effortless.

Science in Everyday Life Essay Prompt

Every day we are surrounded by marvelous inventions that can be described in your paper:

• Anything made of plastic. Today numerous industries rely on the production of plastic, from packaging and electronics to aerospace and industrial engineering.
• Anything charged with electricity. The work of people like Alessandro Volta or Andre-Marie Ampere lies at the foundation of the electrical industry.
• Any food item in front of you. Science has revolutionized our approach to food cultivation and raised agricultural productivity to a new level.
• Any modern medicine. At the end of the 18th century, scientist Edward Jenner established that vaccination works. And in the 19th century, the germ theory of disease emerged, which saved millions of lives over two hundred years.

Technology in the Future Essay Prompt

If you choose to write a paper about technology in the future, you can consider describing the following technologies:

• Vision-improving technology . Artificial cornea or iris can provide vision to people with impairments.
• Small living robots . These robots can deliver medicine to different body parts or collect microplastic from the oceans.
• Internet everywhere . Companies such as Google or Facebook use helium balloons, drones, microsatellites, and other technology to provide the Internet to inaccessible areas.
• Dairy products made in a lab . Biotech companies are searching for a way to make dairy products more available and less damaging to the environment. There are already some lab-made dairy products available in the US.

Interest in Science Essay Prompt

If you wish to tell about your interest in science or make your reader interested in it, take a look at these ideas:

• Factors that influence one’s attitude towards science. You can analyze reasons for students’ interest or indifference towards science.
• Parents’ role in children’s attitude towards science. Discuss how parents, their social status, or education level affect their children’s interests.
• How does one’s faith affect their perception of science? Some religious beliefs don’t support scientific ideas about life and the universe.

Importance of Science Essay Prompt

Science is essential for our society, environment, and many other parts of our lives. In your essay about the importance of science, you can include the following points:

• Science is solving the mysteries of our universe. One of the main goals of science is to gain knowledge about the world. It helps us understand different phenomena and find solutions to numerous problems.
• How science benefits society . Science is also used to improve our life quality. Education and knowledge allow us to make our lives easier and more enjoyable.
• The way science helps solve global challenges . Health, agriculture, and other spheres rely on science. Governments also use science to combat issues, such as climate change.

✍️ How to Write a Scientific Essay

To achieve academic prowess in science and technology studies, you will need to get good at writing scientific essays. Here are the general principles of essay writing:

Essay on Science and Technology Outline

The structure of a science and technology essay remains the same as basically any other essay type. It includes the following points:

Science & Technology Essay Introduction

In your introduction, you should make your reader interested in your topic. Start with a hook, and don’t forget to include some background information. You can consult our article about writing a good introduction for more info.

An introduction of a science and technology essay about the disadvantages of space exploration can look like that:

Space exploration’s contribution to environmental science is impossible to deny. However, it might also be damaging to the environment itself. Space exploration produces hydrochloric acid and carbon dioxide that contribute to global warming.

Thesis Statement about Technology & Science

Close your introduction with a thesis to state the main point of your essay. Make sure to support your point with evidence throughout the text.

There should be ways to make space exploration less damaging to the environment since the pollution caused by it is getting worse every year.

Science and Technology Essay Body

The body paragraphs are the central part of your essay. There you show your investigation results and support them with solid arguments. Don’t forget to open each of the paragraphs with a topic sentence that can let your reader know the main idea of the passage (you can learn more from this article about topic sentences by Rochester Institute of Technology.)

Aluminum oxide particles produced during rocket launches absorb the radiation and contribute to global warming. NASA uses fuel that consists of aluminum powder and ammonium perchlorate in their solid booster rockets. They form aluminum oxide when combined. As a result, these rocket launches are damaging to the environment and are one of the causes of climate change and global warming.

Science and Technology Essay Conclusion

The conclusion closes your essay by restating your thesis statement and making your reader want to dive further into your topic. Keep in mind that just saying that “more research on the subject is required” is not what the conclusion should be about. Make sure to include plenty of details in addition to summarizing the articles.

To sum up, although space exploration allows us to know more about our universe and makes our life easier, it also negatively affects the environment. Less damaging ways are needed in order for us to continue gaining knowledge and improving our life quality without hurting our planet.

Choosing Topics Related to Science and Technology

The field of science and technology is so broad that it is not very easy to decide on good science and technology topics right away. That is why we will explain the main issues to pay attention to while picking out a topic for your scientific essay:

• It must be interesting for you as a writer;
• It should be of current importance for readers;
• It has to shed light on some scientific innovations.

If you consider these three points, you’ll have an excellent opportunity to succeed in writing your essays on science and technology.

If you feel lost and unsure what is a worthy topic, try thinking about something down-to-earth and present in our daily lives. For more tips on choosing good topics, check out some brainstorming techniques in our Guide to Academic Writing or use our topic generator .

Scientific Essay: Bonus Tips

• Be sure you correctly understand the chosen problem.
• Formulate your sentences well.
• Use linking phrases within paragraphs and the text as a whole.
• Ensure that your text is cohesive and logical.
• Write in a language that would be clear even to an audience of non-professionals.
• Mind the tone and wording of your technology essay.
• Be careful not to make mistakes in spelling, grammar, style, and format.
• Sound formal but not moralizing.
• Foresee possible questions from your readers and answer them beforehand.
• Call your readers to action and push them toward an adequate response.

Although essays might be one of the most common writing assignments, our free tips are here to make your studies even more enjoyable! We hope the information presented here will help you create an excellent scientific essay. Let us know what you think about our guide in the comments below!

Further reading:

• Funny Informative Speech Topics and Ideas for Presentation
• A List of Informative Speech Topics: Best Creative Topic Ideas
• Good Informative Speech Topics: How to Get Thunders of Applause
• Social Studies Topics for Your Research Project
• Satirical Essay Examples and Best Satire Essay Topics
• Evidence: UNC Writing Center
• What Is STS: Harvard University
• An Introduction to Science and Technology Studies: London’s Global University
• What is the Study of STS? Stanford University
• Science and Technology: Gale
• Essay Structure: Ashford Writing Center
• 100 Technology Topics for Research Papers: Owlcation
• A CS Research Topic Generator: Purdue University
• Research Topics List: NASA
• 11 of The Biggest Innovations Shaping The Future of Spaceflight Today: Insider
• Space Exploration Timeline: ALIC
• Science and Technology: Academia
• Modern Technology: ScienceDirect
• Are Space Launches Bad for the Environment?: Science Focus
• The Future of Space Exploration: University of Central Florida
• The Space Race: Digital History
• Sputnik, 1957: United States Department of State
• Space Exploration and Innovation: UNOOSA
• Benefits of Science: University of California, Berkeley
• Technology in Space Exploration and Beyond: Experimental College
• US Views of Technology and the Future: Pew Research Center
• The Development of Interest in Science: NCBI
• Science for Society: UNESCO
• Science and Technology: RAND
• The Relationship between Science and Technology: ScienceDirect
• Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) and Culture for Sustainable Development and The MDGs: United Nations
• Religion and Science: The Atlantic
• Writing the Scientific Paper: Colorado State University
• International Space Station: Facts, History & Tracking: Space.com: NASA, Space Exploration and Astronomy News
• Screaming Yeast: Sonocytology, Cytoplasmic Milieus, and Cellular Subjectivities: University of Chicago
• What is Nanotechnology?: University of Wisconsin–Madison
• 5 Influential NASA Inventions: Ohio University
• GMO Crops, Animal Food, and Beyond: US Food and Drug Administration
• Hydroponics: Oklahoma State University
• The Science of Virtual Reality: The Franklin Institute
• How Important Is Technology in Education? Benefits, Challenges, and Impact on Students: American University, Washington, DC.
• What was Pangea?: USGS
• Renewable Energy Explained: US Energy Information Administration
• Deep Space Communication and Navigation: European Space Agency
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Well, I like your tips and suggestions, but please give us some topics that are related to our issues nowadays. Also, give us some specific and eye-catching title to help us with our article. Thank you : )

Excellent post. I’m going through a few of these issues as well.

I hope to write my Science and Technology essay successfully. I read your post and think to complete my essay on Science and Technology without any problems.

Fascinating topics for my essay on Science and Technology! Hm, don’t know which one to choose for my paper… but now this is not a big problem) Thanks!

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Technology Essay Titles

Essay questions for the topic of technology. A common topic in both IELTS speaking and writing.

Many things that used to be done in the home by hands are now being done by machines. Does this development bring more advantages or disadvantages? (Reported 2017)

Some people argue that technological inventions, such as mobile phones, are making people socially less interactive. Do you agree or disagree? (Reported 2017, GT Test)

Modern technology is now very common in most work places. How do you think this has changed the way we work? Do you think there are disadvantages to relying too much on technology?

Some people think that the range of technology currently available is increasing the gap between rich people and poor people. Others think that it is causing the opposite effect. Discuss both views and give your opinion. (Reported 2017, Academic Test)

New household appliances have resulted in more free time for women and has enabled them to both work and run a home with dependent children. What are the advantages for a family when the mother works? Do you think the disadvantages outweigh the advantages?

With the development of technology children are now living in a world that is completely different to what it was 50 years ago. What problems does this cause for society and the family?

An increasing number of people are now using the internet to meet new people and socialise. Some people think this has brought people closer together while others think people are becoming more isolated. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

More and more children as accessing the internet unsupervised and at a younger age. This can sometimes put children at risk. What problems do you think parents face when dealing with their children using the internet? How can this problem be solved?

Nowadays children watch a lot of TV and play video games. However, some people think that these activities are not good for a child’s mental health. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (Reported 2017, Academic Test)

It is common nowadays for each member of the family to have their own piece of modern technology. Some people think this will lead to a break down in family relationships and communication. To what extent do you agree?

Reported essay questions are from students who have taken their IELTS test. These questions may vary slightly in wording from the original question. 

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Computer Science > Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Title: texture-guided coding for deep features.

Abstract: With the rapid development of machine vision technology in recent years, many researchers have begun to focus on feature compression that is better suited for machine vision tasks. The target of feature compression is deep features, which arise from convolution in the middle layer of a pre-trained convolutional neural network. However, due to the large volume of data and high level of abstraction of deep features, their application is primarily limited to machine-centric scenarios, which poses significant constraints in situations requiring human-computer interaction. This paper investigates features and textures and proposes a texture-guided feature compression strategy based on their characteristics. Specifically, the strategy comprises feature layers and texture layers. The feature layers serve the machine, including a feature selection module and a feature reconstruction network. With the assistance of texture images, they selectively compress and transmit channels relevant to visual tasks, reducing feature data while providing high-quality features for the machine. The texture layers primarily serve humans and consist of an image reconstruction network. This image reconstruction network leverages features and texture images to reconstruct preview images for humans. Our method fully exploits the characteristics of texture and features. It eliminates feature redundancy, reconstructs high-quality preview images for humans, and supports decision-making. The experimental results demonstrate excellent performance when employing our proposed method to compress the deep features.

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OpenAI starts training a new AI model while forming a safety committee

Amid turmoil, the company also announced it is forming a new committee to evaluate the safety and security of its artificial intelligence products.

Artificial intelligence company OpenAI said Tuesday that it has started training its newest AI model that will fuel the popular ChatGPT chatbot.

In a statement released on its website, OpenAI said this new model, which would replace GPT-4 technology, will bring the company closer to achieving “AGI,” or artificial general intelligence, a hotly contested idea that refers to computers matching the power of human brains.

OpenAI also announced that it is forming a new committee, including CEO Sam Altman, to evaluate the safety and security of its products, and pledged to release recommendations sometime after a 90-day review of its technology.

“We welcome a robust debate at this important moment,” the company said.

The San Francisco-based company is one of the leading players in artificial intelligence, with widely used tools such as ChatGPT and image creator Dall-E. The technology behind them has been adopted by large companies such as Microsoft, one of OpenAI’s biggest financial backers.

Tuesday’s announcements come amid turmoil for the San Francisco-based company as it faces mounting lawsuits, high-profile staff departures and concerns that AI technology will spread election disinformation, eliminate jobs and infringe on copyrights.

Earlier this month, the company released an update to its latest AI technology, called GPT-4o or “GPT-4 omni,” that enhances ChatGPT’s ability to listen and respond by voice. Actress Scarlett Johansson said one of the voices OpenAI released, called “Sky,” was “ eerily similar ” to hers, and that after declining overtures by Altman to voice the assistant, she was “shocked, angered and in disbelief” to find it sounding nearly identical to her speech.

OpenAI said the voice was not hers, and documents shared with The Washington Post show the company hired a voice actor. Johansson has threatened to file legal action against OpenAI.

The company already faces lawsuits from news organizations , including local papers and the New York Times , saying that the way OpenAI trains its chatbot technology — by ingesting vast amounts of online data such as news stories, Wikipedia articles and even Reddit forums — is infringing on the copyrights of news organizations.

OpenAI co-founder Ilya Sutskever, who co-led a team focused on the societal threats of AI, resigned from the company in May amid concern from critics that OpenAI was dismissing the dangers of its technology while chasing profit. His team co-lead, Jan Leike, also departed this month.

Sutskever was one of the board members who voted to oust co-founder Altman in November. Altman was reinstated a few days later, and Sutskever and the other directors who voted against him resigned from the board.

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The new safety committee will be led by board Chairman Bret Taylor, Quora CEO Adam D’Angelo, former Sony Entertainment executive Nicole Seligman and Altman, OpenAI said.

The announcement of its formation comes just days after two former OpenAI board members said in an Economist article Sunday that more regulation of AI is needed because companies like OpenAI can’t be trusted to govern themselves.