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What is the oxidation number of nitrogen in #N_2O_5#?

assign oxidation numbers to all elements in n2o5
#color(blue)(2) xx ? + color(red)(5) xx (-2) = 0#

All you have to do now is solve for #?# to find

#color(blue)(2) xx ? = +10 implies ? = (+10)/2 = +5#

And there you have it, nitrogen has a #+5# oxidation number in dinitrogen pentoxide.

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What is the oxidation state of nitrogen in N2O5?

According to the formula it should be +5 but according to its structure shouldn't it be +4? How is it +5 then?

enter image description here

  • oxidation-state

orthocresol's user avatar

  • 2 $\begingroup$ $5\cdot(-2) + 2\cdot(+5) = 0$ $\endgroup$ –  Klaus-Dieter Warzecha Feb 18, 2016 at 7:44
  • $\begingroup$ But according to the structure it should be + 4 $\endgroup$ –  rishabh gupta Feb 18, 2016 at 8:32
  • 1 $\begingroup$ No. Why do you think so? $\endgroup$ –  aventurin Jul 2, 2016 at 17:46
  • 1 $\begingroup$ A coordinate bond gives a formal charge of +1 to N, implying that it effectively gets a raise in oxidation state by +2 $\endgroup$ –  SubZero Mar 25, 2017 at 17:59

It is +5 .Even by the structure.

enter image description here

Notice that it is a resonance structure of:

enter image description here

Now one of the bonds are coordinate bonds where nitrogen donates BOTH its electrons to oxygen (otherwise, oxygen cannot have a single bond without a negative charge and no peroxy type linkage).

So, while determining oxidation state from the structure :

O.N=+2+2+1=+5

References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinitrogen_pentoxide

Varun's user avatar

  • 1 $\begingroup$ Your second image is better since it shows formal charges. $\endgroup$ –  Jan Jul 2, 2016 at 18:10
  • $\begingroup$ True, but that's not much of an improvement. Evidently, I picked it up for representation purpose. $\endgroup$ –  Varun Jul 4, 2016 at 2:37
  • 4 $\begingroup$ Oh, I always advocate properly assigning formal charges to all atoms that need them, which is why I wouldn’t have upvoted your answer if only the first structure were shown ;) $\endgroup$ –  Jan Jul 5, 2016 at 0:11

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N2O5 Oxidation Number

Oxidation state of n 2 o 5.

Dinitrogen Pentoxide

The oxidation number of N in N2O5 is +5 . The oxidation number of O in N2O5 is -2 . FAQ Lewis Diagram and Steps

Enter a chemical formula (input is case sensitive) to calculate the oxidation numbers of the elements.

Instructions

Enter the formula of a chemical compound to find the oxidation number of each element. A net ionic charge can be specified at the end of the compound between { and }. For example: ZnCl4{2-} or NH2NH3{+}.

Enter just an element symbol to show the common and uncommon oxidation states of the element.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the oxidation state of nitrogen in n 2 o 5 .

The average oxidation state of the 2 nitrogen atoms is +5.

What is the Oxidation State of Oxygen in N 2 O 5 ?

The average oxidation state of the 5 oxygen atoms is -2.

What Does The Dinitrogen Pentoxide Lewis Diagram With Oxidation Numbers Look Like?

How do you determine oxidation state.

Read our article on finding the oxidation state of each element in N2O5 .

In N2O5 there are 7 atoms sharing 6 bonds for which we need to assign the electrons in order to find the oxidation numbers. Once you have drawn the lewis diagram, you can look at each bond and assign its electrons to the more electronegative species .

To get the average oxidation number of each element, sum of the electrons in each column, making sure to account for the net ionic charge of the molecule (0), and divide by the number of atoms of that element to get the average oxidation number.

Calculators

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assign oxidation numbers to all elements in n2o5

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  2. What is the oxidation number of nitrogen in N_2O_5?

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