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A PhD Without A Masters Degree
The PhD usually came after the Bachelor’s degree for many years in the United Kingdom. There was no real need to successfully gain a Master’s degree before embarking on this mammoth task of empirical research. Whilst some undergraduate degrees still lead to a Master’s qualification, and many people still complete Master degrees, it is possible to do a PhD without a Masters degree .
Firstly, your creative ideas are novel which allows for innovative, fresh approaches, in addition to exerted interest and enthusiasm for an area of study. Secondly, a Master’s degree can be quite expensive and although there are bursaries and schemes available they often still require costly personal financial contributions. Thirdly, pursuing a PhD without a Master’s degree reduces the amount of time on your studies, allowing you to follow a desired career path that motivates and excites you.
Disadvantages
The Master’s degree exists to show that the student can study at a higher level and this qualification allows you to practice the necessary research skills. This also determines if committing to a large research project is right for you. Additionally, the Master’s dissertation forms a part of the PhD in several British universities, so you are potentially gaining one to two extra years to make your original contribution to the field of study.
Applications
As with any PhD application , it is important to check your eligibility with the universities you have chosen to apply to. Different institutions have varying regulations, and in some cases, a Master’s degree might be compulsory. Also, make sure you have lots of evidence in your application about why you would make a good doctoral student by presenting concrete examples of your work at the equivalent of Master’s degree level. Additionally, be clear that you are motivated and determined to add to a body of knowledge through innovative, empirical research that requires stamina, hard work, determination and collaboration.
Coping strategies
The first few months can be overwhelming, but it is important to remember that you have been accepted as a doctoral student. This confirms that a panel of experts believe that you can achieve such a prestigious degree.
In your first term try and reread your research proposal once a week and review it critically. The nature of research is that it changes but it is also useful to remember what you proposed to do. Critical thinking is essential throughout the process.
Avail of the PhD support within the university. Regularly meet with supervisors and other doctoral researchers as support is necessary during this journey, especially in year one. Sign up to university workshops about PhD research – many run one-day skills sessions covering everything from communication to project managing. As a PhD student, you are part of a community of other doctoral researchers and this can be a great source of advice and wisdom, plus a great way of meeting new people.
In your first term, you should have regular and consistent supervision meetings. This allows your research team to set clear time goals and confirm milestones which you can work towards.
And remember, with consistent hard work, dedication, determination, collaboration and a critical mind, you will achieve your PhD .
Find your PhD here .
What is a PhD and Why Should YOU do one?
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Dr Denise White FRSA
Dr Denise White FRSA is a multi-award-winning intellectual disability and music expert. Having over 25 years’ experience in the field of early years, primary, post-primary, special educational needs, further and higher education, Denise is known for her innovative and creative teaching methods that transforms lives. She is an advocate for inclusive and community-based ethical learning and teaching models.
She is a passionate education advocate with the talent to develop inspiring hands-on lessons that will capture a student’s imagination and breed success.
Known as ‘The Music Doctor’, Denise is an Author at Bookhub Publishing. Her Music Doctor Series will launch in March 2019. Denise is also a Speaker, Trainer, Consultant, Mentor and Researcher.
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21st April 2020 at 11:04 am
To whom it concerns. During this enforced Covid Lockdown I explored the possibility of undertaking a Master’s in English Literature by distance learning. My Thesis has explored the topic of “Discrimination of Women in the Literature because of their gender”. As yet I am not affiliated with a University as my exploration is in earl. y stages. I have a Primary Honour’s Degree from my local University in Galway, Ireland. My query is can I bypass the Master’s and undertake a P.H.D in English Literature? I am familiar with the steps necessary to undertake the proposed course of study.
19th December 2020 at 6:03 pm
Good evening. Hope you are doing well inshaAllah. My wife wants to apply for a PHD program nearby london area. Do you have any suggestions on where to apply? She will need to apply for a student visa first in order to enrol into a graduate school. How can she apply for a student visa ? What type of governmental funding is available to her wife? My wife is a USA citizen and she already has her undergraduate degree from New York university. Plz advise me which university will be the best for my wife to enrol into a PhD program.
3rd March 2021 at 5:57 pm
I want to register fie for PHD, i only have law degree, i have no Masters degree
15th January 2022 at 3:30 pm
I want to apply for PhD. I have already have and degree and postgraduate diploma. Please advise
15th January 2022 at 3:32 pm
I have already a degree and a post graduate diploma
11th April 2022 at 10:13 am
Please advice to me where to start. I have degree in Public Administration and Political since graduated 2012 on South East European University in Skopje, in 2012 I make NARIC UK Recognized my foreign degree in UK comparable. In 2018 I have applied on South East European University Master in Business Administration and Management – Sub field Management. And I have finished all my exams on master degree but started this Pandemic Period with covid19 and I have no chance to make defend my master decertation in public defend. I am here in UK more then 10 years I am passion to study. I have EU Settled Status. I was in search for Integrated PhD ( Master and PhD ) in one. Because I have transcript but I don’t hold certificate in Master degree make me break this process. Please advice to me how to continue.
4th February 2023 at 6:47 pm
I am interested in completing a PhD, but only have a Social Science BA 2:1. Is this possible?
14th November 2023 at 2:38 pm
Firstly, you will have to improve your spelling and grammar before you apply for a PhD degree (even more so since you are a lawyer)!!!
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Can You Get a PhD without a Masters?
- Applying to a PhD
Yes, it’s possible to get a PhD without first having a Masters degree.
The conventional route for someone who earns a PhD is to pursue a Bachelor’s degree, followed by a Masters degree and then a PhD. However, several students opt to bypass a Master’s degree by enrolling onto a doctoral programme as soon as they complete their undergraduate degree.
Before we discuss how this can be done, it is worth mentioning the advantages and disadvantages of this route.
Advantages of Applying to a PhD without A Masters
The motivations for undertaking a PhD immediately after an undergraduate course are largely in saving money and time. This is because you will essentially eliminate a year of study. Another advantage of immediately enrolling onto a doctorate degree is project availability. If you find a project that you’re really interested in, it’s unlikely that it will still be available in a years’ time. Therefore, bypassing a Masters and enrolling directly into a PhD will increase your chances of securing the research project before it becomes unavailable.
Disadvantages of Applying to a PhD without A Masters
Although a Masters degree will add a year onto your academic journey, it can be incredibility helpful for your development and can help prepare you for a doctoral degree.
Not having a Master’s degree may prove to be a hindrance during your application process. This is because many other students will also apply to the same research projects, and it’s likely that the majority will hold a Masters. This will put you at a disadvantage to them.
Besides this, the dissertation project you’ll be required to undertake on a Master’s programme will provide you with a taste of what it is like to work on a research-based project. In addition to this, it’s likely that you’ll be able to select your own dissertation topic. As such, you can explore a specific field you’re interested in in further detail. This is a great way to confirm that both research-based work and the specific field you’re interested in are right for you before committing the next few years to it via a PhD.
Another advantage to the dissertation project associated with a Masters degree is the opportunity it provides you with to work closely with a project supervisor. This will help you understand the PhD student-supervisor relationship and communication frequency that works best for you. You can then use this knowledge to find supervisors who would compliment you when it comes time to find a PhD project to apply to. For tips on how to find a great PhD supervisor, check out our supervisor guide .
PhD without a Masters – How Does It Work?
To be considered for a PhD without a Master’s, at a minimum you will be expected to have a Bachelors degree. For students looking to enrol onto a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths) PhD, a relevant Bachelors in a 3-year undergraduate course is usually expected. However, this is not the case for students looking to apply to non-STEM PhDs. Rather, students looking to apply to doctorates in subjects such as those surrounding Arts and Humanities are usually expected to have a relevant Bachelors from a 4-year course.
In addition to this, you will need to have demonstrated strong academic performance during your undergraduate course. This means that your Bachelors will need to be at least a UK Upper Second-Class Honours (2.1) for nearly all institutions to consider you.
Should you be accepted into a PhD programme without a Masters, the usual process will be to first register you as an MPhil student. You will then have a year to prepare and submit a thesis. Your thesis will need to detail the research you have carried out within that year and outline how you intend to continue it into a full PhD study. There are three outcomes of this MPhil thesis review:
- Failure and you’re not awarded anything.
- You pass, however, the supervisor doesn’t believe you’ve demonstrated strong research skills. You’re awarded an MPhil but they do not upgrade your course to a PhD programme.
- You pass and the supervisor believes you have proven yourself as a capable researcher. Your course is upgraded to a PhD as opposed to you being awarding an MPhil.
For more information on these outcomes, read the outcomes section of our PhD Viva guide .
Integrated PhD
Some universities offer Integrated PhD degree programmes (also known as an Integrated Masters degree). These are four-year programmes comprising of a one-year Masters degree immediately followed by a three-year PhD degree. These can prove a great option for graduate students who are looking to undertake a PhD without a Masters but are struggling to meet the eligibility requirements. You can read about the many benefits of integrated degrees here .
Finding a PhD has never been this easy – search for a PhD by keyword, location or academic area of interest.
PhD without a Bachelors – Is It Possible?
Yes, it is possible to get a PhD without a Bachelor’s, however, this is extremely uncommon.
When this occurs, it is almost always reserved for very mature individuals. For example, an individual may not be in active academia but still may have significantly contributed to their field. This contribution could be through the work they have undertaken as part of their career, or as part of a long-term study project, they have undertaken out of self-interest.
In either case, the individual would need to prove that they have extensive experience in their field and have directly contributed to new knowledge within it. The key factor here is that their work has pushed the boundaries of existing knowledge. It is not enough for an individual to be regarded as an expert in their field – they must have contributed something new and meaningful. It’s common for individuals awarded a PhD through this means to have produced several publications within their lifetime. It’s also common for the individual to have gained several professional accreditations within their field before even being considered suitable for a PhD research degree.
Universities Offering PhD without a Masters
Unfortunately, there is not a centralised list of universities which offer PhDs without a Master’s degree. The reason for this is that the edibility requirements differ from PhD to PhD and from department to department.
Therefore, you will need to check the guidelines for each individual university and the requirements for each specific PhD you’re interested in.
Should you find a PhD programme you can apply to with a Bachelors, make every effort to make your application as strong as possible. This is because you will be competing against other candidates, most of who will have a Master’s degree.
Not only can you strengthen your application by having a Bachelors with a First-Class Honours (1st), but you can also do so by showing the traits of a successful researcher. This includes showing a genuine interest in the project, a high work ethic, and exceptional communication skills.
Additionally, a strong letter of recommendation from a respected university lecturer will prove very beneficial. This is especially true if the lecturer supervisors his or her own PhD students. This is because the lecturer will understand the skills required for an adept research student.
For more advice on how to apply to a PhD degree, check out our Application Process Guide.
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5 routes to getting a Doctorate
While most of those studying for a PhD take the PhD by thesis pathway, there are five viable routes to achieving a Doctorate degree
PhD by thesis
This is the most common means of getting a Doctorate degree. Over the three or four years of research at university, your PhD supervisor will support you as you aim to produce a thesis based on your research proposal .
A thesis is typically 60,000-90,000 words in length - although this can vary between institutions. For instance, the University of Glasgow's College of Social Sciences expects a thesis to be 70,000-100,000 words including references, bibliography and appendices, while the University of Cambridge has set an upper limit of 80,000 words.
Once completed, you'll need to defend your PhD thesis in front of a panel of examiners during your viva voce .
PhD by publication
This route involves submitting previously published work - such as books, book chapters and journal articles, which together form a coherent body of work and show evidence of an original contribution to a particular field of study.
It's often taken by mid-career academics that haven't had the opportunity to undertake a standard Doctorate degree.
Generally, a minimum of five to eight published pieces are required, but this varies between institutions and depends on their length. The published work will be assessed to the same rigorous standards as a traditional PhD by thesis.
You must also provide a written supporting statement, which can range from 5,000 to 20,000 words, and present your work to an academic committee. A supervisor will assist you with selecting which publications to submit and with the supporting statement.
Some universities accept only their own graduates for a PhD by publication, while others restrict this route to their academic staff. In general, you should have graduated from your first degree at least seven years ago to be eligible.
For example, The University of Manchester has published its own Guidance for the PhD By Published Work , with eligibility only extending to current members of staff.
Professional Doctorate
Geared primarily towards current professionals in vocational sectors such as healthcare , teaching and education , and engineering and manufacturing , this type of Doctorate degree includes a significant taught component and a smaller research project.
Professional Doctorates are often taken on a part-time basis and can last between two and eight years. Like their standard PhD counterparts, they usually begin in October or January.
While you won't typically be looking to get an academic job , your research is expected to contribute to theory as well as professional practice. Projects often revolve around a real-life issue that affects your employer.
Several professional Doctorates, such as the Doctorate in Clinical Psychology (DClinPsy), are accredited by a professional body - for instance, the Health & Care Professions Council (HCPC) and The British Psychological Society (BPS) - and may also lead to a professional qualification .
Common titles for graduates of professional Doctorate degrees include:
- Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)
- Doctor of Education (EdD)
- Doctor of Engineering (EngD)
- Doctor of Medicine (MD).
Unlike many professional Doctorates, the EngD is typically offered as a full-time course and is aimed at young engineering graduates with little or no professional experience.
Explore what's currently available at Find a Professional Doctorate .
Integrated PhD
This four-year qualification, also known as the New Route PhD, involves studying a one-year research Masters degree (MRes) before progressing onto a three-year PhD.
Offered by a select number of universities across the UK, integrated PhDs are supported by the government and the British Council through UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) . Visit Research Council funding for further information on research and funding for different types of PhD.
The integrated PhD involves a combination of taught materials, practical experience and advanced research. This allows you to learn subject-specific methodologies, while building the transferable skills that will enable you to become a leader in your chosen profession.
Institutions can also develop personalised integrated PhD programmes to meet each student's needs. For example, universities may offer you the opportunity to gain a postgraduate certificate (PGCert) in Learning and Teaching in Higher Education - perfect if you're considering a career as a higher education lecturer .
As PhDs are based primarily on independent research rather than time spent in lectures and seminars, distance learning has always been a viable route for many Doctoral students.
PhDs by distance learning offered by course providers such as The Open University are therefore a good option to consider if you've got family or work commitments or are an international student - as this gives you the chance to undertake Doctoral research without having to live close to your chosen institution. It's also a suitable mode of study if your subject requires you to be based in a specific location away from the university.
For the most part, you'll be in touch with your supervisor by phone, email or Skype/Zoom. You'll need to bear in mind that even if you opt for this form of research, you'll generally still need to attend university for one or two weeks of each academic year for meetings and to receive research skills training. Your final examination may be undertaken either face-to-face or virtually.
With online PhDs, you can usually register as a full or part-time student. The level of fees you pay varies between institutions - some charge the same as for a standard PhD while others offer a reduced rate.
Check that any funding you plan to apply for is available to distance learning students, as this isn't always the case.
Search for distance learning PhDs .
Find out more
- Explore what is a PhD?
- Sort out funding for postgraduate study .
- Consider what to do after completing your PhD .
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What is a PhD?
Are you considering a phd degree we take a look at what a phd is, how long it takes and how you can go about getting one..
What’s a PhD?
What does phd stand for, how long is a phd, how much does a phd cost, how to get a phd, can you do a phd without a master’s, is a phd worth it.
A PhD is the highest postgraduate-level qualification offered by universities in the UK. It’s for those who are looking to build on what they studied during their master’s degree, or for those currently working who wish to research a particular area within their field.
PhDs are research-based degrees. The student comes up with an original research question, often in collaboration with a university professor, and explores that topic in depth. At the end of the degree a final thesis is produced that could range from 40,000 to 120,000 words.
The number of students enrolling in PhD degrees is increasing year-on-year. From 2015/16 to 2019/20 enrolments increased by 2.9%, according to 2019/20 HESA data on student enrolments . This highlights the growing interest in and demand for the postgraduate qualification.
PhD stands for Doctor of Philosophy. You’ll often find this abbreviated to just ‘Doctorate’ as a PhD falls under the umbrella of doctorate degrees.
They vary in length, based on what you decide to research and whether you choose to study part-time or full-time. Full-time PhD students often take three or four years, with part-time students taking up to seven. Some universities even offer deadline extensions of up to four years.
You can expect to pay anywhere from £3,000 to £6,000 per year. This applies to all UK and EU students, with other international students paying more. Most PhD students fund their degree through scholarships, bursaries, and grants. Many UK research organisations also offer studentships through UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) , which can be another form of funding.
- Bursaries and scholarships
- Postgraduate funding
Having a strong interest in a particular subject is the first step to a PhD. You’ll either be applying for an already funded project being offered by a university, or you’ll be pitching your own research proposal. Admissions teams want to see your dedication and enthusiasm, so make sure you’re passionate about the subject first.
Universities tend to list available research projects and who’ll be supervising them on their website. Don’t hesitate to contact any professors you know that are doing research in an area you’re interested in. They may have a PhD position available they haven’t yet advertised.
When applying, you’ll need a:
- Cover letter
- Research proposal (if pitching an original research idea)
- Reference (may be asked to provide three people, who know you in an academic setting or can comment on your research capability)
Use your application as a chance to really convey your passion for the subject. It’s important to expand on your interest, explain why you have that interest and cite examples of you pursuing this interest through past experiences. You’ll be studying for at least three to four years and the admissions teams will want to make sure you’ll be dedicated.
Yes, but this will depend on the course you’re applying for and what previous experience you have. Most PhD degrees will require you to have completed a master’s degree or equivalent, but exceptions can be made if you can demonstrate your capability. Universities want to see that you’re passionate, hard-working, and determined.
This is up to you and your career aspirations. Consider how important it is that you have a doctorate degree and what contribution it’ll make to your future.
Boost your employability
Many choose to do a PhD because it’ll increase their chances of employment. This’ll depend on what you want to study and what industry you want to work in, but doing so could increase your job prospects. Recent data from HESA on graduate activities by level of qualification found that 78.9% of doctorate students were employed upon graduating in the academic years 2017/18 to 2019/20. Only 3.4% were unemployed.
Helps you pursue an academic career
Many students use a PhD as a pathway into academia, progressing into full-time roles at a university or other higher education institution. This could be as a professor, researcher, or other role. PhD students are often employed by the university while they study, helping in lectures, labs, tutorials or as research assistants.
Make a significant contribution to your field
Doctorate degrees offer the opportunity to explore an original research question and advance your knowledge in your chosen field. It's a satisfying position to be in and comes with recognition from your peers. This could also open up a wealth of further research to be explored by either you or your peers.
Develop a range of transferrable skills
Through a doctorate degree you’ll learn a range of invaluable skills, transferrable beyond your studies. These can include:
- Project management
- Time management
- Independence
- Writing and presentation skills
- Communication skills
- Research skills
- Teaching others
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Is PhD for me
What are the requirements for PhD in UK? A guide
Here are the minimum requirements you need to provide while applying for a PhD in the UK as an international PhD student
- A 2:1 grade or an equivalent grade in your previous degree. Most likely the Master’s degree as well as your undergraduate diploma.
- A minimum of 7 Band score on IELTS or equivalent on other tests.
- Some research understanding.
- A persuasive research proposal.
However, I found that these minimum requirements are just a benchmark, considering the competition in the UK and you as an international PhD student you may need to stand out from the crowd on many of these attributes of your application.
- What are the requirements for a PhD in UK for international students?
Table of Contents
1. what qualifications do you need for a phd in the uk, 2. what are the minimum english language requirements for a phd in the uk, 3. how important is a phd research proposal in the uk phd application, 4. what is the role of a personal statement in uk phd application, 5. what role do references play in my phd admission to the uk, 6. what is the importance of a phd interview in the uk, 7. how much research experience is needed for a phd in the uk, 8. how do you write a cv for phd in the uk, 9. why are phd applications rejected in the uk, faqs: what are the requirements for phd in the uk.
Yes, you can apply to an integrated PhD program in the UK with only a bachelor’s degree. However, considering the competition and high expectations of PhD programs. If you are an international student you most likely need a master’s or a master’s by research to get into a PhD in the UK.
The qualifications for a PhD might differ depending on what kind of PhD you are applying for
- PhD by thesis. A PhD with funding attached for 3 years requires you to produce an original thesis under the supervision of a supervisor. This type of PhD is most common in the UK.
- Integrated PhD. Recently, more and more universities are offering this type of PhD under the funding of UKRI (UK research and innovation) to offer an integrated PhD. This type of PhD is offered as a standard 4 years expected graduation format with a master by research at the start.
a) Do You Need A Masters To Get A PhD UK?
Yes, you need a master’s with a research component to secure a PhD position in the UK. A regular PhD with 3-4 years of funding limit requires your familiarity with the research in your subject area.
A master’s in a relevant field with a research-heavy focus can help you stand out in competitive PhD hiring in the UK . On the other hand, if you are applying for an integrated Master + PhD program you can apply with a bachelor’s only.
b) What is an integrated PhD program in the UK?
An integrated PhD program accepts PhD applicants with only undergraduate degrees. It usually requires you to complete a one-year master’s by research before PhD training.
If you show your potential in that year or training period with higher grades and superior research abilities then you are promoted to the PhD by thesis part of the program.
A master’s by research period may or may not be funded. However, it is a good option if you want to test the waters that a PhD and a research path are really what you want for your career.
c) What if I have different qualifications?
If you have other qualifications such as Postgraduate diplomas (PGDip) and certificates (PGCert) or any other postgraduate qualification which may not have a research training component then you may need to apply for a research master’s or an integrated PhD program.
The reason is UK PhD supervisors are really in for anybody who has some research training and experience. This makes their work easier because, in contrast to the US, you are expected to start working on your PhD project right from the first day.
d) What if I have a Master’s with a research component but in a different field?
If you already have a master’s by research or an MS/ MPhil degree. This may mean you are already familiar with research work. There are two possibilities from here
- Relevant Master. If your Master’s by research subject area is related to your prospective PhD subject area. This means you are much more likely to get accepted into a PhD program in the UK based on your current master’s qualification.
- A master’s is not very relevant. If your Master’s is not much relevant to the intended PhD subject area then you may need to discuss this with your prospective PhD supervisor. This is because the situation may vary on a case-by-case basis. Usually in such a case you are advised to pursue other relevant masters in the intended subject area.
e) What Master’s grades are good enough for a PhD in the UK?
The minimum requirements for a UK PhD by thesis (3-year PhD) vary depending on your intended university and the country where you achieved your most recent qualification.
The reasons behind these differences are different grading schemes and degree requirements in different countries. However, as a general mark, your grades in masters should be higher than distinction: A final grade of 70% or higher.
Here you can get a general idea about country-specific information on Master / postgraduate grades required for a UK PhD by thesis program.
f) What undergraduate grades are good enough for a PhD in the UK?
The minimum requirements for an integrated UK PhD program (1 yr of research master + 3 yrs of PhD research) may vary from one university to another. However, as a general mark, your undergraduate degree (or first degree outside of the UK ) should provide higher scores than a UK upper second-class (2:1), higher than 70% marks, or a GPA of 3.5 on a scale of 4.
Recommended Read: This detailed guide on international degree equivalences by Royal Holloway, University of London is the best if you really want to know what your GPA is equivalent to and how top universities in the UK will likely perceive your grades.
g) W ill a good master’s degree GPA compensate for a bad undergraduate GPA?
A first-class master’s CGPA can overcome an average undergraduate CGPA. This is because PhD hiring committees always prefer your master’s performance over previous education. The reasons for giving more weightage to master’s grades are obvious.
- Master’s taught courses are much similar to what is needed for a PhD.
- A master by research had already evaluated your research skills and understanding.
- You already worked under a thesis supervisor while doing a Master’s thesis.
When it comes to previous academic performance around 29% of UK PhD supervisors mentioned the importance of a relevant Master’s, while one-fifth (20%) of them also indicated that they value the relevance and grades of an undergraduate degree.
h) Do only grades and GPA matter for a PhD in the UK?
Don’t worry if you have lower grades than demanded by the university program. You won’t be rejected from a PhD in the UK on the basis of a single criterion. In fact, there are several things top UK universities look forward to in your PhD application .
There are many cases where a lower GPA applicant is accepted into a PhD position in the UK due to many other outstanding characteristics such as research ability and experience.
There can also be significant complexity and variability within any national system of higher education which can affect how a particular grade is considered, e.g. differences in grading between institutions. General guidance on international qualifications -University of Oxford
Recommended Read: When are you too old for a PhD?
i) How can I increase my chances of a PhD acceptance even with lower grades?
If you have lower grades in your previous qualifications and you still think the PhD is really crucial for your career goals you can increase your chances of getting accepted by shining in other areas of your PhD application. These areas can be
- Convincing the professors. Professors are humans too you can convince a professor by assuring him that your mission in research matches hers.
- Drafting a Unique research proposal. Uniqueness in a research proposal can be easily created by combining the exploration in two fields. This makes your PhD proposal interdisciplinary and more attractive to the researchers who are interested in such an area.
- Providing research experience or worthy Publications. Nothing can dwarf your lower GPA like the proof of good peer-reviewed publications.
- Customizing your application for every single PhD position.
Explore More: Everything (?) you need to know about the PhD application process in the UK
A PhD in an English language country means you need a strong command of English speaking and writing. If English is not your first language then you are required to give some proof of English proficiency to get into a UK PhD. Overall, you need a 7.0 in IELTS or equivalent in other tests.
There are many tests you can take to provide proof of your English. However, there can be exemptions by universities for international students who got their most recent education in English.
Do prospective PhD supervisors consider higher Language test scores while selecting the PhD candidates?
In a recent survey UK PhD supervisors explicitly reported that English language scores are not a priority for them when considering PhD applicants. Only 7% of the UK supervisors mentioned that they look at the English language scores when considering the PhD applicants.
However, you need to keep in mind that you can’t take risks when applying for a PhD in the UK. If you want to increase your chances of getting a PhD in the UK you need to provide the best scores you can. The reason is UK PhD supervisors are not independent in decision-making for hiring PhD candidates.
Universities and Doctoral training programs can have different priorities such as maintaining their institution culture. 64% of institutions reported that they are actively looking for a doctoral candidate alignment with their workplace/institution’s priorities. This might mean hiring those candidates who are proficient in English communication.
Is GRE necessary for pursuing PhD in the UK?
GRE (Graduate record examination) is a test usually required by many integrated PhD programs from top UK universities. You can use GRE to prove your competence and overcome other parts of PhD application. However, it is one factor among many that the UK PhD hiring committee looks into when hiring PhD candidates.
The most important requirement in the UK is your PhD proposal.
Your PhD proposal should communicate that
- you have a clear understanding of what independent research is in your area of study.
- you have an understanding of the research methods used in your subject area.
- you have a clear understanding of what has been done before on the problem that you are trying to solve.
- your research interest is aligned with the UK PhD supervisor and the research lab you are going to join.
What is a unique and persuasive research proposal for my PhD application?
70% of UK PhD supervisors prioritize a well-written research proposal. You should understand that developing a PhD proposal that can move the UK PhD supervisors really takes time and effort.
This is because you are required to present a research proposal that is (a) unique, (b) really has the potential to contribute to the field, (c) and should be aligned with the professor’s own research.
Explore More: 9 Obvious (and Not so Obvious) PhD Proposal Mistakes
“Originality for me probably, it has to be something that hasn’t been fully done before so there is really a need for that particular topic”. Arts & Humanities, Russell Group, West Midlands, Late career A unique and persuasive research proposal is the most common requirement for a PhD in the UK
A personal statement is a document where you can really play as a human. Here you are (a) not your scores and grades but (a) you are a person who is interested in working with a research team, (b) who is eager to learn about research, and (c) really seeks his/ her career in research, (d) is adaptable, (e) trainable, and (f) has the potential to fit and survive in a research team. Therefore, if you bring all these things into your personal statement your chances of getting accepted are really high.
In the personal statement, you have the opportunity to hook the hiring committee that besides all the numbers you have the potential to be a good colleague.
References are a tricky part. Only 13% of UK professors really prioritize the recommendation letters for a PhD application. Most UK PhD supervisors responded that they do not value reference letters much, especially in the case of international students. However, almost all the PhD positions will require you to ask your previous mentors to write some words about you.
As far as I have learned, UK PhD supervisors expect reference letters that really have examples and scenarios where you stood out and were observed by the mentors. Such writings are long and tedious, thus, it can be really hard for you to convince your previous research supervisors and professors to write about with such deliberation. The recommended length for a reference letter is around 2-3 pages.
Unlike the US, where most international PhD applicants are not usually called for an interview, UK PhD supervisors really look forward to a face-to-face conversation. The reason can be the expectations of a more mature PhD candidate on this side of the Atlantic.
UK PhD supervisors give value to a PhD interview because they are selecting their future colleague (at least for 3-4 years), they really want to know that you are genuinely interested in the research, interested in their work, and really want to contribute to the subject of study.
Although many PhD programs mention that they do not necessarily need research experience. However, given the competition for UK PhD applications, you may need to think about gaining some research experience before your PhD .
Simply put, if you are able to show some proficiency in research work in your subject area and more importantly have some peer-reviewed publications as proof for your claim then this experience can put you ahead of many PhD applicants.
Research experience really helps those whose other parts of the application are a little weaker. This may mean you can apply for a good PhD program in the UK with a less than satisfactory GPA.
So how much research experience do you need to get before applying for a PhD program in the UK. My advice is the more the better. So, get as much research experience as you can. It will really help you understand what a PhD is and how you can persuade the professors to hire you.
“If you have no research experience, how do you know you want to be a researcher? If you have no research experience, why would a world-recognized professor hire you as a research assistant? If you have no research experience to start with, how will you compete with other students graduating from your program for research-oriented jobs?” A former senior lecturer
Is professional experience required for a PhD admission in the UK?
UK PhD supervisors do not give much priority to industry experience. The reason is clear: any practical and professional work is a lot different than what is required in academic research. Thus, your pre-PhD professional experience might not help you much in impressing the UK PhD hiring committee.
There are exceptions where your professional work in the industry is highly relevant or even helpful to the research question you are posing in your research proposal. In such cases, a non-academic experience may give a positive view to your PhD application.
A carefully crafted academic CV to really put a cherry on the cake of your UK PhD Application. An outstanding academic CV includes a brief glimpse of your research interests, Research experience, publications, preferences, and any other accomplishments. It should be a quick glance showcasing your previous accomplishments and future interest.
Simply put, a concise academic CV can make life easier for an already burned-out PhD supervisor.
If you are meeting the minimum requirements mentioned by the university and you play your cards right then you have good chances to get into a PhD program. However, there are some things due to which your PhD application can still be rejected.
- Funding. DTP (Doctoral Training Programs) often force UK PhD supervisors to take less aligned students because they are coming with funding . They often mention that they rejected those students who were more aligned with their research goals but were without any funding support.
- Research Question. If your proposed PhD project was not sharply intended toward solving a specific problem or achieving a specific goal.
- Proposed Project. This happens when you submit a research project which is not a good match for the department’s research goals. Usually in this case the department may not even have a mentor in that particular area of study to take you in.
- Your Capability. If you fail to persuade the hiring committee that you have the skills required to effectively complete the PhD project then your UK application might be rejected.
- Future Goals. If you fail to assure the PhD supervisors with your previous priorities and work that you are really interested in a research career. So, you should be clear on what you are going to do after your PhD in the UK .
- Institutional Fit. Even if you are a brilliant student, still, sometimes PhD hiring committees can reject your PhD application because they may not feel that you are fit for the institution.
“.. the most fundamental misconception is that the best applicants win. The truth is that what counts as an “ideal” applicant is a moving target. The process can be unfair—even unjust. Practical considerations also play a role, starting with the reality that programs have limited funding and advising capacity. Either way, the reasons for rejection are often as much about the professors and programs as they are about the applicants.” Julie R. Posselt wrote on why stellar applicants are rejected by PhD hiring committees
Do I need a Master’s to get a PhD in the UK?
Yes, you need a Master’s if you are an international student seeking a UK PhD by thesis (duration= 3 years). However, if you are applying for an integrated PhD program (duration= Masters 1 year + PhD 3 years) then you can apply right after your undergraduate degree.
What is the minimum qualification for PhD in the UK?
To be considered for a PhD in the UK, you should at least have (a) a 4-year undergraduate degree with a passing grade of upper second-class honors (2:1), 70% marks or equivalent, and (b) a relevant master’s degree with a CGPA of 3 on a scale of 4, 60% marks or higher.
Is IELTS required for PhD in the UK?
You need to give IELTS for PhD admission in the UK if English is not your first language and you are not exempted from taking the IELTS. In other words, you can skip IELTS for a PhD in the UK if you have attempted other English language proficiency tests , English qualifications that confirm your language level, or you are coming from exempted countries .
Can you go straight into PhD without a master’s in the UK?
No, you cannot go to a PhD without a master’s in the UK. If you do not have a master’s degree yet and are applying for an integrated PhD program in UK universities you are eligible with a 4-years bachelor’s degree only.
Is it easy to get a PhD in the UK?
Getting a PhD in the UK is easy if you are coming with your own funding e.g., a scholarship from your home country. However, if you are looking for some funding opportunities in the UK then the intense competition makes getting into a UK PhD harder.
Is PhD free in the UK for international students?
Yes, a PhD in the UK is free if you are able to secure a fully funded studentship in the UK . Otherwise, you may need to pay a fee and proof to the visa and immigration services that you have the money to live in the UK during your PhD years.
The Savvy Scientist
Experiences of a London PhD student and beyond
Can You Get a PhD Without a Master’s?
If you’re currently studying for your bachelor’s degree and are interested in doing a PhD, you may be wondering: can you get a PhD without a master’s?
The Benefits of Doing a Master’s Degree Before a PhD
A master’s degree allows someone to gain additional skills, research experience and domain-specific knowledge. When a supervisor is looking for potential PhD students, amongst other things they want to see that a candidate has:
- Interest in the subject
- Research experience
- Subject knowledge
Suitability for a PhD does not always require a master’s . But it is a convenient way to provide evidence for your suitability and commitment to research.
Therefore from a supervisor’s perspective, a master’s can provide evidence of these attributes. Having a master’s gives a little more assurance for the supervisor that you’re prepared for the work involved with a PhD. But not having a master’s absolutely does not have to be a barrier!
Already carried out a long research project as part of your bachelor’s degree and want to do a PhD in an area you have knowledge in? You may be able to convince a supervisor that you’re already prepared.
A few less substantial reasons people sometimes consider doing a separate master’s are:
- If for any reason your performance during the bachelor’s degree wasn’t ideal, doing a separate master’s provides another qualification to be assessed against.
- If you’re transitioning to a different research area it is the obvious way to gain knowledge.
- A chance to experience another [potentially more prestigious*] university.
My experience: Early on in your undergraduate degree and interested in doing a PhD? I thoroughly recommend getting as much research experience as possible. Even if you don’t have the opportunity to undertake much research during your course, UROPs are a fantastic way to spend your summer. During my PhD I had help from a few UROP students. One of them has even co-authored a paper with me. I wish that I had done one as an undergraduate!
*I really dislike the idea of considering the prestige of a university and the associated meritocracy , but sadly there is no getting away from the fact that it boosts career prospects.
So Can You Get a PhD Without a Master’s?
If you’re starting to look at PhDs and don’t yet have a master’s, there are two things you can do to get an idea of whether or not you’re likely to need a master’s first:
Check Advertised PhDs
Looking at a PhD advert such as via FindAPhD.com? Check the listed candidate requirements on the advertisement.
Sometimes a master’s isn’t mentioned:
Sometimes doing a master’s is a suggested advantage:
Here is a post detailing how you can find available PhD projects .
Ask the Academic
The most definitive answer you’ll receive for whether you can get a PhD without a master’s will be by contacting supervisors directly.
Often as soon as you start a conversation with potential supervisors they’ll ask to look over a copy of your CV. There is nothing wrong with being bold and checking whether you’re currently qualified enough to stand a competitive chance of getting a PhD.
My experience: When I was considering PhDs I emailed an academic saying I was interested in applying for a project with them but was worried I didn’t have relevant experience. Within 24 hours he had replied saying “Unfortunately, I’m not confident that you’d be selected if you applied as other candidates who have expressed an interest in applying had more relevant experience” Although disappointing, it’s much better to find this out quickly so that you can move on. I already had a master’s but not in a relevant area. If I’d desperately wanted to pursue this research area an obvious means to transition across and gain experience would have been with a master’s.
My Observations
I don’t believe that there are strict guidelines stating that you have to have a master’s. As shown in the adverts above, it is oftenseen as an advantage but is rarely strictly necessary.
Of the people I worked with during my PhD, not everyone had done a master’s.
Most of the people who had a master’s did it as a 4-year integrated master’s. This is common in certain sciences and engineering, and is exactly what I did . However, several people had not done a master’s before starting their PhDs. Including the guy I sat next to for all of my own PhD at Imperial.
Getting a bachelor’s degree outside of the UK will typically take one or two years longer than in the UK. Therefore international students in particular may be able to evidence their experience without a master’s.
Fancy getting a master’s as well as a PhD? Read on to find out how you could get paid to do both!
Don’t Yet Have a Master’s? Consider CDTs!
What are cdts.
In the UK there are many Centres for Doctoral Training (CDTs, sometimes known as DTCs) and it is worth drawing your attention to them if you don’t already have a master’s degree. CDTs offer combined funded Master’s + PhD programmes. You’ll be part of the relatively rare breed getting paid to do a master’s!
These centres are funded via the research councils and provide training for students around a certain theme. FindAPhD.com has a nice post which includes links to funded CDT projects . CDTs cover a huge range of themes. For example just within AI research there are 16 CDTs all for different themes:
The idea is that students from different backgrounds can get training and become proficient at helping to solve problems around the central theme of the CDT. In the first year you’ll have a mix of lectures and smaller projects to get a taste of different research topics. During the first year you’ll also choose your PhD topic. You will then spend three years working on that project before submitting your thesis.
Pros and Cons of CDTs
The advantages are:
- You’re part of a cohort so will likely have a greater sense of community and support versus a typical PhD project
- You get training and will learn new skills before deciding on a PhD project
- If you know you want to work in a certain research area but don’t yet know exactly what project you want to work on yet
- You get both a PhD and a master’s at the end, all of which is funded!
Potential disadvantages I can think of for doing a PhD through a CDT are:
- Taking a year longer than a normal PhD if you already know what you want to work on
- Your PhD position with a certain supervisor isn’t definite before you start. I’ve anecdotally heard of issues where many of the students in the cohort want to work with the same supervisor and of course not all of them can. On the flipside the flexibility in supervisors is an advantage for many.
How much do students earn doing a master’s and PhD through a CDT? Funding for students at CDTs is covered here . UKRI, the body that funds all nine UK research councils , has some case studies of CDT-PhD students which you can find on the various research council websites.
When looking for PhDs, I applied to two CDTs. If I hadn’t already been happy with my offer to study for my specific project at Imperial I’d have loved to have done one. I think they’re a great idea. Particularly if you are transitioning to a research area which differs from the subject of your bachelor’s degree.
Finding Suitable CDTs
As well as using a search engine, you can search for CDTs on FindAPhD.com by selecting PhD Research Programme and then choosing from the list:
Interested in Applying for a PhD?
Hopefully this post shows that you don’t need to be too put off applying for PhDs if you don’t have a master’s. Many people are successful in their PhD application without a master’s if they got research experience during their bachelor’s degree. And if you do fancy getting a master’s and PhD now you know that studying in a CDT could be a great option.
Interested in applying for a PhD? Here is my post covering the PhD applications process. It includes all the steps to apply and tips from successful PhD applicants:
How to apply for a PhD
If you’d like personalised help with your PhD application I am now starting to offer a small number of one-to-one sessions. Please contact me to find out more or click here to book a call.
So can you get a PhD without a master’s? Quite possibly, but a master’s could benefit your application.
Have you got other PhD questions you want answered? Please let me know!
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The short answer is that it is possible to do a PhD without a Masters. The long answer is that it is dependent on your personal experience, your subject area, the duration of your PhD programme and the location, as requirements can vary by country. It's technically possible in any discipline, but much more common in STEM or vocational subjects.
The PhD usually came after the Bachelor's degree for many years in the United Kingdom. There was no real need to successfully gain a Master's degree before embarking on this mammoth task of empirical research. Whilst some undergraduate degrees still lead to a Master's qualification, and many people still complete Master degrees, it is possible to do a PhD without a Masters degree.
Although some people may be unaware of this, it's possible to enrol in a Ph.D. course without completing a master's degree first. Traditionally, it was possible to obtain a Ph.D. right after completing a bachelor's degree. Some undergraduate courses automatically lead to a postgraduate course, but it's still possible to skip the master's degree ...
It's almost a sure pass to a doctoral programme. 3. A Master's is the only way to a PhD in a new field. It does not matter where you want to pursue a PhD, if you don't have the right academic background in a connected subject area, your chances of being accepted to a PhD are little to zero. So, if you want to change careers and pursue a ...
A master's degree might cost you an extra year or two, and a few thousand off your account, but it builds a solid foundation for the kind of discipline and knowledge you will need to survive your PhD. If you do decide to take the plunge, you might want to look out for programmes that can grant you a master's qualification along the way, so ...
Yes, it's possible to get a PhD without first having a Masters degree. The conventional route for someone who earns a PhD is to pursue a Bachelor's degree, followed by a Masters degree and then a PhD. However, several students opt to bypass a Master's degree by enrolling onto a doctoral programme as soon as they complete their ...
This four-year qualification, also known as the New Route PhD, involves studying a one-year research Masters degree (MRes) before progressing onto a three-year PhD. Offered by a select number of universities across the UK, integrated PhDs are supported by the government and the British Council through UK Research and Innovation (UKRI).
Updated on: Oct 10, 2023. In the UK, it is generally expected that students applying for a PhD programme hold a Master's degree or equivalent qualification. However, some universities may accept exceptional candidates without a Master's degree, based on their relevant work experience, research experience, and academic achievements.
A PhD is the highest postgraduate-level qualification offered by universities in the UK. It's for those who are looking to build on what they studied during their master's degree, or for those currently working who wish to research a particular area within their field. PhDs are research-based degrees. The student comes up with an original ...
You may be able to get a PhD loan of up to £27,892 for a UK doctorate. Our guide explains eligibility, applications and repayments. Our guide explains the best ways to fund international PhD study in the UK, with information on all the main scholarships available to you.
2. A masters degree is rarely a formal requirement for entry to a PhD in any British university. However, depending on the university, the course and the year, students without master's degrees may find themselves at a competitive disadvantage when they are competing for scarce PhD places. I went straight from my 3 year undergrad into a PhD in ...
Here are the minimum requirements you need to provide while applying for a PhD in the UK as an international PhD student. A 2:1 grade or an equivalent grade in your previous degree. Most likely the Master's degree as well as your undergraduate diploma. A minimum of 7 Band score on IELTS or equivalent on other tests. Some research understanding.
Each PhD will have specific entry requirements and you will also need to meet a university's general entry requirements. This may be an upper second-class undergraduate honours degree (2:1) or an equivalent international qualification. For some PhDs you may need a master's qualification, and you may be asked to attend an interview.
A Masters is a great way to experience postgraduate life and academic research in your field of interest without committing to a full PhD project. This can be useful as there are several differences between professional work and academia that are more easily understood from the experience of doing a Masters.
MBA - Normally an honours degree at 2:1, or the equivalent, from any subject background, plus a minimum of two or three years' work experience with strong career progression. If you do not have a first degree, you may be eligible if you have significant work experience. Other business master's qualifications - In most cases, you'll need a 2:1 for your first degree, and many MiM courses ...
The University requires a minimum IELTS score of 6.5 with no less than 6.0 in any of the four categories (or approved equivalent). If you are an overseas student, you must have your level of proficiency certified through a provider approved by UK Visas and Immigration and provide your certificate and grade with your application.
In Science/Tech subject its much more common to do a combined Masters/PhD program. For Humanities or Soc Sci, then a Masters is now a defacto prerequisite. Without a Masters you are almost certain not tobe able to apply for funding. As others on this Board have frequently pointed out, the problem with postgrad is usually not getting a place, its getting the funding. A good place to look for ...
Getting A PhD Without A Masters Degree. Yes, students can do PhD without a masters nowadays. The traditional route to earning a PhD is to earn a Bachelor's degree, then a Masters degree, and finally a PhD. Some students, however, opt to bypass a masters degree and enrol directly into a doctoral programme after completing their undergraduate ...
It's more common in these subject areas for students to complete an integrated 1+3 PhD, which includes a Masters. If you're doing an integrated Masters / PhD, the main entry requirement is a good undergraduate degree. In some instances you may be able to apply for a PhD without a Masters. You can read one student's experience on our blog.
Ask the Academic. The most definitive answer you'll receive for whether you can get a PhD without a master's will be by contacting supervisors directly. Often as soon as you start a conversation with potential supervisors they'll ask to look over a copy of your CV.
A PhD program typically takes 5-6 years to complete. PhD students are given ample opportunity in their first year to not only take classes in their field, but also to engage in research. They qualify for a Masters degree after completing certain requirements in 1-2 years. They can leave at this point with a Masters, without having paid any ...
White Rose Social Sciences Doctoral Training Partnership ESRC PhD Studentships 2024-25. University of York. The White Rose Social Sciences Doctoral Training Partnership (WRDTP) accredited by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), is a collaboration across the social sciences at the Universities of Bradford, Hull, Leeds, Manchester ...
1. I don't know the country of your residency; but in the UK and in the US, you can start a Ph.D. after a bachelor degree; without a master degree. Now because you already did most of the bachelor degree, and want to the Ph.D. afterwards, I would recommend to do the followings: Documents: First you need to gather two things.