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Blog Business

How to Write a Business Proposal (Examples & Templates)
By Aditya Sheth , Nov 21, 2022

The great Mark Cuban once said, “Sales cure all.” If a business doesn’t sell, it doesn’t make money and by extension the business fails. That’s why you need to write business proposals.
A well-written business proposal can often mean the difference between winning or losing a prospective client.
In this in-depth guide to creating business proposals, we show you how to close more deals, make more sales and crush your business goals — all by using easy-to-edit professional business proposal templates.
Here’s what this guide will cover (click to jump ahead):
What is a business proposal, what should you include in a business proposal, business proposal format, what are the types of business proposals.
- How do you write a business proposal? Business proposal templates
More business proposal examples + writing and design tips
- FAQs about business proposals
Looking for a shortcut? Watch this quick video for an overview of everything to include in your business proposal:
An effective business proposal is a document used by a B2B or business-facing company (this may not always be the case) where a seller aims to persuade a prospective buyer into buying their goods or services.
A business proposal outlines what your business does and what you can do for your client. It can be general like this business proposal example:

Or it can be more specific, like this business proposal template which focuses on proposing a project for the Newton Center Rail:

Or this business proposal sample, which presents a plan for a social media strategy and campaign:

To design a business proposal that holds the client’s attention, identify their pain points . Then provide your buyer with the right solution to alleviate those frustrations.
Return to Table of Contents
A business proposal usually aims to answer the following questions:
- Who you are and what your company does
- The problem your buyer is facing
- The solution your company offers to alleviate the problem
- How your company will implement this solution effectively
- An estimate of resources (time, money, etc) required to implement the solution
You can see how this sample business proposal template covers the above points.

Notice how this proposal template addresses the same project like in one of the previous templates, but uses a completely different design style (more retro, while the previous business proposal template is more modern and minimalistic).
You can remove or add more sections depending on the goal of your business proposal. Essential, your business proposal can follow this format:
Table of contents
Executive summary, the problem statement, the proposed solution, qualifications, the timeline, pricing, billing and legal, terms and conditions, the acceptance.
We go into detail on how you can write a business proposal (plus different business proposal templates you can apply the tips to) in the next section . But you can also click on the format items above to learn how you can best write them!
If you aim to create a holistic business proposal, feel free to just edit from the two templates right above. You can also add your brand colors and logo to your design, using My Brand Kit :
Here’s another example of a business proposal template that you can edit:

Generally, there are three types of business proposals:
1. Formally solicited
A formally solicited business proposal is made when you respond to an official request to write a business proposal.
In this scenario, you know all the requirements and have more (if not all) information about a prospective buyer. You simply need to write the business proposal for your buyer to evaluate so you can begin the sales process.
2. Informally solicited
Informally solicited business proposals are written when there isn’t an official request for a proposal. A prospective buyer is interested in your services and asks for a proposal so they can evaluate it.
An informally solicited proposal requires a lot more research from your end. These types of proposals are usually created out of informal conversations. They are not based on official requests which often contain more detail.
3. Unsolicited
Think of this as a marketing brochure or a cold email . Unsolicited business proposals will often take a generic, one-size-fits-all approach to business proposals. Unsolicited proposals lack any understanding of the buyer or their requirements.
But with additional market research , personalization and identifying customer pain points , you can propose a customized solution based on your buyer’s needs. This can be a very persuasive approach, such as in this business proposal example:

How do you write a business proposal? Business proposal templates
Before you start creating your business proposal template, you need to know what it comprises. At a high level your effective business proposal should include the following:
Below, you can see business proposal examples that demonstrate how to include these 10 sections.
Business proposal title
A compelling title could mean the difference between someone reading your proposal or ignoring it in favor of a competitor’s.
What makes a good title page? Here are the essential elements to include:
- Your name along with your company’s name
- The name of the prospect (or their business)
- The date you’re submitting the proposal

The gray business consulting proposal template above contains all the details a prospect would want to know. The title also offers a strong tangible benefit to the prospective buyer. Honestly, “Who doesn’t want to grow their business?”
Return to business proposal content sections
The table of contents is a fundamental part of every winning business proposal template. It makes your proposal scannable and easy to read.
The people you will be pitching to are usually C-level executives. These are busy people who don’t have time to read your entire proposal in one go.
That’s why most of the business proposal examples in this list include a table of contents.
Adding a table of contents to your document makes it easy for them to go through it at their own pace. They can also skim through parts of the proposal that they deem more important. You can see how this abstract business proposal template uses the table of contents:

You can also make your business proposal template easier to navigate by adding hyperlinks to the document, particularly in the table of contents. This way your clients can jump to specific sections without having to scroll through the entire document.
It’s easy to add hyperlinks in the Venngage editor. Select the text you’d like to turn into a link, then click the link icon in the top bar. From there, select the page you want to link to! Then download your completed design as an Interactive PDF .

The executive summary is a staple in all kinds of annual reports , project plans and even marketing plans . It is a concise summary of the entire contents of your document. In other words, write a business proposal outline that is easy to glance over and that highlights your value proposition.
The goals of your executive summary are:
- Introduce your company to your buyer
- Provide an overview of your company goals
- Showcase your company’s milestones, overall vision and future plans
- Include any other relevant details
This gray business proposal example has a detailed yet short executive summary including some social proof in the form of clients they’ve worked with:

Take note of how precise this business proposal example is. You want to keep your executive summary concise and clear from the get-go. This sets the right tone for the rest of your proposal. It also gives your buyer a reason to continue reading your proposal.
Pro Tip: Try to write an executive summary such that, even if your prospective client doesn’t read the entire proposal (with a good executive summary, they most likely will), they should have a clear idea about what your company does and how you can help them.
The point of writing a business proposal is to solve a buyer’s problem. Your goal is to outline the problem statement as clearly as possible. This develops a sense of urgency in your prospect. They will want to find a solution to the problem. And you have that solution.
A well-defined problem statement does two things:
- It shows the prospect you have done your homework instead of sending a generic pitch
- It creates an opportunity for you to point out a problem your prospect might not be aware they had in the first place.

This bold business proposal template above clearly outlines the problem at hand and also offers a ray of hope i.e. how you can solve your prospect’s problem. This brings me to…
The good stuff. In the proposed solution section, you show how you can alleviate your prospective buyer’s pain points. This can fit onto the problem statement section but if you have a comprehensive solution or prefer to elaborate on the details, a separate section is a good idea.
Spare no details regarding the solution you will provide. When you write a business proposal, explain how you plan to deliver the solution. Include an estimated timeline of when they can expect your solution and other relevant details.
For inspiration, look at how this business proposal template quickly and succinctly outlines the project plan, deliverables and metrics :

At this point, the prospect you’re pitching your solution to likes what they’re reading. But they may not trust you to deliver on your promises. Why is this?
It’s because they don’t know you. Your job is to convince them that you can fix their problem. This section is important because it acts as social proof. You can highlight what your company does best and how qualified your team is when you write a business proposal for a potential client.

This free business proposal template showcases the company’s accolades, client testimonials, relevant case studies, and industry awards. You can also include other forms of social proof to establish yourself as a credible business. This makes it that much more likely that they will say yes!
Pro Tip: Attaching in-depth case studies of your work is a great way to build trust with a potential client by showcasing how you’ve solved similar problems for other clients in the past. Our case study examples post can show you how to do just that.
To further demonstrate just how prepared you are, it’s important to outline the next steps you will take should your buyer decide to work with you.
Provide a timeline of how and when you will complete all your deliverables. You can do this by designing a flow chart . Or add a roadmap with deadlines. Pitching a long-term project? A timeline infographic would be a better fit.
If you look at this abstract business proposal template below, even something as simple as a table can do the trick.

The timeline is not always set in stone, rather it’s an estimation. The goal is to clarify any questions your potential client might have about how you will deliver for the underlying B2B sales process.
On this page, you can outline your fees, payment schedule, invoice payment terms , as well as legal aspects involved in this deal.
The key to good pricing is to provide your buyer with options. A pricing comparison table can help with this. You want to give your client some room to work with. Make sure you’re not scaring off your client with a high price, nor undervaluing yourself.
Breaking up your pricing in stages is another great way to make sure your potential client knows what he’s paying for. Look at how this simple business proposal template does this:

The legal aspects can slot right into the terms and conditions section. Alternatively, you can add them in the signature section of the proposal to keep things simple.
Summarize everything you have promised to deliver so far. Include what you expect from your prospective buyer in return. Add the overall project timeline from start to end, as well as payment methods and payment schedule. This way, both of you will be clear on what is being agreed on.
This step is very important as it outlines all the legal aspects of the deal. That is why the terms and conditions section of your proposal needs to be as clear as possible.

I recommend consulting a lawyer or your legal team when working on this section of the business proposal. If you’re a business veteran and understand the legalities of your business, you can use the same terms and conditions across all your proposals.
The final step of this whole process. Your client has read your business proposal and they want to buy what you have to offer.
Add a small section at the end of your proposal to get the necessary signatures. This way, you and your client can sign the proposal and the partnership becomes official.
Be sure to also include your contact information in your business proposal template. It acts as a gentle prompt to your client to contact you in case they have any questions.

Now that you know how to write a business proposal, let’s look at how you can optimize your proposal to deliver results!
Below you’ll find some winning business proposal templates and examples to get you started. I’ve also included some design tips to keep in mind when you’re creating your next business proposal:
1. Know your audience
If you have some clarity on who your ideal buyer is — their pain points, their budget, deadlines, among other things — you’ve already won half the battle.
If you are a business that helps clients with everything from running giveaways or helping grow their blog , identify which customers to pitch. This is a sure-shot way to close the deal.
Mapping user personas for your ideal buyer can help bring some clarity. It will also help you position your business proposal correctly. This improves the chance of your buyer moving your business proposal to the “Yes!” pile.
2. Put your brand front and center
If your company follows certain brand guidelines, incorporate them in your business proposal templates. Consider how business proposal examples like the one below highlight brand identity:

From the color palettes to the company logos , everything follows their brand guidelines. The result: a business proposal that’s consistent across the board.
Pro Tip: Switching this template to match your brand assets is actually pretty easy. Venngage’s My Brand Kit feature allows you to import your color palettes, logos as well as font choices. Any Venngage template can now be your template.
You can also consider this sample business proposal template:

Design companies sure do know their design. They did a phenomenal job keeping their brand colors consistent while opting for a black design. This unique color scheme also makes their white logo prominent throughout the proposal.
3. Try less text, more visuals
Have you ever read a proposal and thought to yourself, “Wow, this is all text and has no images, I love it!”? Yeah, me neither.
The free business proposal template below is a perfect example of the “less is more” principle. It does a phenomenal job of communicating what it needs to. By substituting some of the text with icons and visuals, you get a clean business proposal that’s much more scannable.

Want to keep things strictly professional? Instead of icons, you can always add your team’s headshots. This shows your buyer exactly who they’ll be working with.
Check out this formal business proposal format for some inspiration:

4. Switch up your business proposal designs
It doesn’t hurt to go above and beyond once in a while. Jazz up your business proposal template with some extra colors. This helps make your business proposal more engaging. It also helps your buyers retain information faster.

The business proposal example alternates between black, white and grey backgrounds. It still manages to maintain consistency in its branding . Just switching up your backgrounds once in a while can also bring in some variety to an otherwise standard business proposal.
This SEO business proposal sample proves that it’s possible to switch up the colors in every other page. But it still maintains the same color scheme across the entire proposal just like a professionally designed website :

Pro Tip: Not a color expert? Our guide on picking colors can help you pick the right color scheme for your proposals.
FAQ about business proposals
What is the purpose of a business proposal.
Essentially, a business proposal aims to streamline the B2B sales process (which is often complex) between you as a seller and a buyer.
It does this by serving the dual purpose of acting as a source of information. The proposal also acts as a sales pitch aimed at convincing your buyer why they should buy what you have to offer.
What are the best practices for business proposal design?
- Do a thorough spell-check. The goal of your business proposal is to convince your buyer why you’re the perfect person for the job. A proposal with typos or grammatical errors communicates the opposite. A thorough spell-check before you send your proposal is a must.
- Let your brand shine. As discussed before, writing a business proposal is all about knowing your ideal buyer and focusing on their pain points. But that doesn’t mean your business proposal template has to be boring. Demonstrate how different you are compared to other companies. You can do this through your brand guidelines, by using more visuals, switching up your proposal design or showing off your personality in your writing.
- Download your business proposal as a PDF. This allows you to attach other collaterals with your business proposal. These can include a company explainer video or case studies showcasing the work done with past clients. Also, who doesn’t love saving paper?
How long should your business proposal be?
The length depends on the scope of the work as well as the complexity of the project. Here is a one-page business proposal template:

Can your business proposal template really be one page? Yes, as long as you understand who your buyer is and their pain points. You should also have the ability to communicate everything your ideal buyer needs to know about your business in a succinct manner.
Or if you’re feeling adventurous how about just two pages? Often, clients prefer if you go straight to the point and avoid all the fluff.
For example, this green modern marketing proposal template wastes no time in getting down to brass tacks:

There is no one size fits all approach when it comes to deciding how many pages you should include in your business proposal template. And at the end of the day, “the only rules are the ones you set for yourself”.
At the end of the day, writing winning business proposals that sell is all about you understanding your buyer, their potential pain points and positioning yourself as someone who can alleviate those pain points.
Now that you know how to write compelling business proposals, what are you waiting for?
Take action and start creating your own business proposals to close more deals and grow your business today!
More business communications templates + writing tips you might be interested in…
31 Consulting Proposal Templates to Close Deals
How to Write a Project Proposal [10+ Templates]
20+ Professional Business Letterhead Templates + Branding Tips
How to Write a White Paper [Tips & Templates]
A legal disclosure document containing information about an investment offering to the public
What is a Prospectus?
A prospectus is a legal disclosure document that provides information about an investment offering to the public, and that is required to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) or local regulator. The prospectus contains information about the company, its management team , recent financial performance , and other related information that investors would like to know.

Investors use the legal document to determine the growth and profitability prospects of the selling company to decide whether they will take part in the offering or not. In the U.S., the legal name of the public filing is an S-1 .
Prospectus for a stock or bond issue
When a company is issuing stocks or bonds , it publishes a prospectus to provide investors with all the information that they need to make an informed decision. The issuer provides both a preliminary and a final prospectus. A preliminary prospectus is the initial offering document that provides details about the proposed transaction. The final prospectus is offered when the offering’s been finalized and is being offered to the public for subscription.
Information in the final prospectus includes the number of shares issued, offering price, company’s financial data , risk factors, use of the proceeds, the dividend policy, and other relevant information. This information helps an investor make an informed decision on whether to invest in the company.
Prospectus for mutual funds
A mutual fund prospectus is a legal disclosure document that the SEC requires mutual funds to file and make available to interested investors. The details provided in the document include the fund’s objectives, risks, performance, distribution policy, executive team, investment strategies, etc.
A mutual fund may provide a summary prospectus, which is a few pages long and contains important information that investors require. It may also issue a statutory prospectus, which is long and extremely detailed, to provide investors with as much information as they may need to make a buying decision. Mutual funds are required to give investors the document after the purchase of shares. Investors can also access the information on the fund’s website.
Components of a prospectus
The following are the components of a prospectus:

Image of facebook’s S-1 .
#1 Overview and history of the company
The prospectus gives an overview of the company since its creation. It provides a chronology of events that have occurred over the years, such as those that have helped the company experience growth. It also includes information about the founders, company registration, and initial service offerings. This section may also include an overview of the company’s strategy and what management believes is its competitive advantage or “unique selling proposition” (USP).
#2 Services/products offered by the company
The services/products section lists the core economic activities undertaken by the company. The company provides information about the services and products provided to customers, and any additions to its operations over the years.
#3 Management profile
A prospectus also includes information about the company’s executive management . It outlines the management team’s experience and education qualifications that make them a good fit for the company. Investors want assurance that the company’s executives have what it takes to safeguard their investments.
#4 Desired deal structure
If the issuer is an existing company that has issued securities before, it may provide an overview of its current capital structure and how the new issue will affect the structure. For example, when selling bonds, the investors will be interested in knowing the level of the company’s debt and its ability to pay. Equity investors will want to see the current equity ownership structure and how their investment will influence the structure and the expected rate of return .
#5 Use of proceeds
A company will often offer an issue of securities when it is unable to raise capital internally to finance a large investment. For example, the company may want to expand its operations to other geographical locations, acquire proprietary technology, purchase large machinery, finance the production of a new line of products, execute mergers and acquisitions (M&A) , etc.
#6 Security offering details
The prospectus also provides information on the number of securities that are being offered to the public and the price for each security. It should also state the expected rate of return on the investor’s funds. This section also provides information on the subscription period when interested investors can purchase the securities.
#7 Financial information
The prospectus should provide investors with information about the company’s past financial performance . The information may include EBIT, net profit, stock performance, etc. The security performance can be compared to a known benchmark such as the S&P 500 or Dow Jones Industrial Average.
#8 Risks involved
The prospectus should disclose the risks that investors face when investing in a mutual fund. For example, an international mutual fund may include a disclosure detailing the currency risks that investors face when investing in the fund.
Other risks that a company may reveal include possible capital restrictions, government regulations, individual investors holding large numbers of stocks, etc. The disclosures protect the company from accusations that it withheld vital information that caused the investors to incur losses.
Prospectus in the United States
When a company intends to issue securities to the public, it must file the prospectus with the SEC . The security issue must wait for the SEC to declare the registration statement effective before they can finalize the sale. The registration statement is only approved if the federal agency is satisfied that the security issuer has complied with all the rules governing disclosure.
However, there are certain exemptions when filing a prospectus with the SEC. If a security issue is from a company that has been consistent with their 10-K Form filling and reports a market capitalization above the required threshold, the company may issue a simplified version that incorporates the information into their 10K filings.
Prospectus in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, a prospectus is required for a security that will be offered to the public or that wants to register on a regulated market such as the London Stock Exchange (LSE). The security issues are governed by the Prospectus Rules, an extension of the Prospectus Directive in European Law, and must be approved by the FCA – Financial Conduct Authority.
Additional Resources
Thank you for reading CFI’s guide to Prospectus. To expand your learning and advance your career, the following CFI resources will be helpful:
- Debt Capital Markets
- Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA)
- Rate of Return
- Types of SEC Filings
- See all valuation resources
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How to Write a Business Plan, Step by Step

Many or all of the products featured here are from our partners who compensate us. This influences which products we write about and where and how the product appears on a page. However, this does not influence our evaluations. Our opinions are our own. Here is a list of our partners and here's how we make money .
1. Write an executive summary
2. describe your company, 3. state your business goals, 4. describe your products and services, 5. do your market research, 6. outline your marketing and sales plan, 7. perform a business financial analysis, 8. make financial projections, 9. add additional information to an appendix, business plan tips and resources.
A business plan is a document that outlines your business’s financial goals and explains how you’ll achieve them. A strong, detailed plan will provide a road map for the business’s next three to five years, and you can share it with potential investors, lenders or other important partners.
Here’s a step-by-step guide to writing your business plan.
» Need help writing? Learn about the best business plan software .
This is the first page of your business plan. Think of it as your elevator pitch. It should include a mission statement, a brief description of the products or services offered, and a broad summary of your financial growth plans.
Though the executive summary is the first thing your investors will read, it can be easier to write it last. That way, you can highlight information you’ve identified while writing other sections that go into more detail.
» MORE: How to write an executive summary in 6 steps
Next up is your company description, which should contain information like:
Your business’s registered name.
Address of your business location .
Names of key people in the business. Make sure to highlight unique skills or technical expertise among members of your team.
Your company description should also define your business structure — such as a sole proprietorship, partnership or corporation — and include the percent ownership that each owner has and the extent of each owner’s involvement in the company.
Lastly, it should cover the history of your company and the nature of your business now. This prepares the reader to learn about your goals in the next section.
» MORE: How to write a company overview for a business plan
The third part of a business plan is an objective statement. This section spells out exactly what you’d like to accomplish, both in the near term and over the long term.
If you’re looking for a business loan or outside investment, you can use this section to explain why you have a clear need for the funds, how the financing will help your business grow, and how you plan to achieve your growth targets. The key is to provide a clear explanation of the opportunity presented and how the loan or investment will grow your company.
For example, if your business is launching a second product line, you might explain how the loan will help your company launch the new product and how much you think sales will increase over the next three years as a result.
In this section, go into detail about the products or services you offer or plan to offer.
You should include the following:
An explanation of how your product or service works.
The pricing model for your product or service.
The typical customers you serve.
Your supply chain and order fulfillment strategy.
Your sales strategy.
Your distribution strategy.
You can also discuss current or pending trademarks and patents associated with your product or service.
Lenders and investors will want to know what sets your product apart from your competition. In your market analysis section , explain who your competitors are. Discuss what they do well, and point out what you can do better. If you’re serving a different or underserved market, explain that.
Here, you can address how you plan to persuade customers to buy your products or services, or how you will develop customer loyalty that will lead to repeat business.
» MORE: R e a d our complete guide to small business marketing
If you’re a startup, you may not have much information on your business financials yet. However, if you’re an existing business, you’ll want to include income or profit-and-loss statements, a balance sheet that lists your assets and debts, and a cash flow statement that shows how cash comes into and goes out of the company.
You may also include metrics such as:
Net profit margin: the percentage of revenue you keep as net income.
Current ratio: the measurement of your liquidity and ability to repay debts.
Accounts receivable turnover ratio: a measurement of how frequently you collect on receivables per year.
This is a great place to include charts and graphs that make it easy for those reading your plan to understand the financial health of your business.
» NerdWallet’s picks for setting up your business finances:
The best business checking accounts .
The best business credit cards .
The best accounting software .
This is a critical part of your business plan if you’re seeking financing or investors. It outlines how your business will generate enough profit to repay the loan or how you will earn a decent return for investors.
Here, you’ll provide your business’s monthly or quarterly sales, expenses and profit estimates over at least a three-year period — with the future numbers assuming you’ve obtained a new loan.
Accuracy is key, so carefully analyze your past financial statements before giving projections. Your goals may be aggressive, but they should also be realistic.
List any supporting information or additional materials that you couldn’t fit in elsewhere, such as resumes of key employees, licenses, equipment leases, permits, patents, receipts, bank statements, contracts and personal and business credit history. If the appendix is long, you may want to consider adding a table of contents at the beginning of this section.
Here are some tips to help your business plan stand out:
Avoid over-optimism: If you’re applying for a business loan at a local bank, the loan officer likely knows your market pretty well. Providing unreasonable sales estimates can hurt your chances of loan approval.
Proofread: Spelling, punctuation and grammatical errors can jump off the page and turn off lenders and prospective investors, taking their mind off your business and putting it on the mistakes you made. If writing and editing aren't your strong suit, you may want to hire a professional business plan writer, copy editor or proofreader.
Use free resources: SCORE is a nonprofit association that offers a large network of volunteer business mentors and experts who can help you write or edit your business plan. You can search for a mentor or find a local SCORE chapter for more guidance.
The U.S. Small Business Administration’s Small Business Development Centers , which provide free business consulting and help with business plan development, can also be a resource.
500+ Free business plan examples

Need help writing your business plan? Explore over 500 free real-world business plan examples from a wide variety of industries to guide you through writing your own plan. If you're looking for an intuitive tool that walks you through the plan writing process, we recommend LivePlan . It includes many of these same SBA-approved business plan examples and is especially useful when applying for a bank loan or outside investment.
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Business plan template: There's an easier way to get your business plan done.

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Example business plan format
Before you start exploring our library of business plan examples, it's worth taking the time to understand the traditional business plan format . You'll find that the plans in this library and most investor-approved business plans will include the following sections:
Executive summary
The executive summary is an overview of your business and your plans. It comes first in your plan and is ideally only one to two pages. You should also plan to write this section last after you've written your full business plan.
Your executive summary should include a summary of the problem you are solving, a description of your product or service, an overview of your target market, a brief description of your team, a summary of your financials, and your funding requirements (if you are raising money).
Products & services
The products & services chapter of your business plan is where the real meat of your plan lives. It includes information about the problem that you're solving, your solution, and how your product or service fits into the existing competitive landscape.
Describe the problem you're solving, how your offering solves the problem, and who your potential competitors are. You'll want to outline your competitive advantages and the milestones you have in mind to successfully start and grow your business.
Market analysis
Conducting a market analysis ensures that you fully understand the market that you're entering and who you'll be selling to. This section is where you will showcase all of the information about your potential customers. You'll cover your target market as well as information about the growth of your market and your industry. Focus on outlining why the market you're entering is viable and creating a realistic persona for your ideal customer base.
Marketing & sales
The marketing and sales plan section of your business plan details how you plan to reach your target market segments. You'll address how you plan on selling to those target markets, what your pricing plan is, and what types of activities and partnerships you need to make your business a success.
Organization & management
Use this section to describe your current team and who you need to hire. If you intend to pursue funding, you'll need to highlight the relevant experience of your team members. Basically, this is where you prove that this is the right team to successfully start and grow the business. You will also need to provide a quick overview of your legal structure, location, and history if you're already up and running.
Financial projections
Your financial plan should include a sales and revenue forecast, profit and loss statement, cash flow statement, and a balance sheet. You may not have established financials of any kind at this stage. Not to worry, rather than getting all of the details ironed out, focus on making projections and strategic forecasts for your business. You can always update your financial statements as you begin operations and start bringing in actual accounting data.
Now, if you intend to pitch to investors or submit a loan application, you'll also need a "use of funds" report in this section. This outlines how you intend to leverage any funding for your business and how much you're looking to acquire. Like the rest of your financials, this can always be updated later on.
The appendix isn't a required element of your business plan. However, it is a useful place to add any charts, tables, definitions, legal notes, or other critical information that supports your plan. These are often lengthier or our-of-place information that simply didn't work naturally into the structure of your plan. You'll notice that in these business plan examples, the appendix mainly includes extended financial statements.
Types of business plans explained
While all business plans cover similar categories, the style and function fully depend on how you intend to use your plan. To get the most out of your plan, it's best to find a format that suits your needs. Here are a few common business plan types worth considering.
Traditional business plan
The tried-and-true traditional business plan is a formal document meant to be used for external purposes. Typically this is the type of plan you'll need when applying for funding or pitching to investors. It can also be used when training or hiring employees, working with vendors, or any other situation where the full details of your business must be understood by another individual.
Business model canvas
The business model canvas is a one-page template designed to demystify the business planning process. It removes the need for a traditional, copy-heavy business plan, in favor of a single-page outline that can help you and outside parties better explore your business idea.
The structure ditches a linear format in favor of a cell-based template. It encourages you to build connections between every element of your business. It's faster to write out and update, and much easier for you, your team, and anyone else to visualize your business operations.
One-page business plan
The true middle ground between the business model canvas and a traditional business plan is the one-page business plan . This format is a simplified version of the traditional plan that focuses on the core aspects of your business.
By starting with a one-page plan, you give yourself a minimal document to build from. You'll typically stick with bullet points and single sentences making it much easier to elaborate or expand sections into a longer-form business plan.
The Lean Plan is less of a specific document type and more of a methodology. It takes the simplicity and styling of the one-page business plan and turns it into a process for you to continuously plan, test, review, refine, and take action based on performance.
It holds all of the benefits of the single-page plan, including the potential to complete it in as little as 27-minutes . However, it's even easier to convert into a full plan thanks to how heavily it's tied to your financials. The overall goal of Lean Planning isn't to just produce documents that you use once and shelve. Instead, the Lean Planning process helps you build a healthier company that thrives in times of growth and remain stable through times of crisis.
It's faster, keeps your plan concise, and ensures that your plan is always up-to-date.
Download a free sample business plan template
Ready to start writing your own plan but aren't sure where to start? Download our free business plan template that's been updated for 2022.
This simple, modern, investor-approved business plan template is designed to make planning easy. It's a proven format that has helped over 1 million businesses write business plans for bank loans, funding pitches, business expansion, and even business sales. It includes additional instructions for how to write each section and is formatted to be SBA-lender approved. All you need to do is fill in the blanks.
How to use an example business plan to help you write your own

How do you know what elements need to be included in your business plan, especially if you've never written one before? Looking at examples can help you visualize what a full, traditional plan looks like, so you know what you're aiming for before you get started. Here's how to get the most out of a sample business plan.
Choose a business plan example from a similar type of company
You don't need to find an example business plan that's an exact fit for your business. Your business location, target market, and even your particular product or service may not match up exactly with the plans in our gallery. But, you don't need an exact match for it to be helpful. Instead, look for a plan that's related to the type of business you're starting.
For example, if you want to start a vegetarian restaurant, a plan for a steakhouse can be a great match. While the specifics of your actual startup will differ, the elements you'd want to include in your restaurant's business plan are likely to be very similar.
Use a business plan example as a guide
Every startup and small business is unique, so you'll want to avoid copying an example business plan word for word. It just won't be as helpful, since each business is unique. You want your plan to be a useful tool for starting a business —and getting funding if you need it.
One of the key benefits of writing a business plan is simply going through the process. When you sit down to write, you'll naturally think through important pieces, like your startup costs, your target market , and any market analysis or research you'll need to do to be successful.
You'll also look at where you stand among your competition (and everyone has competition ), and lay out your goals and the milestones you'll need to meet. Looking at an example business plan's financials section can be helpful because you can see what should be included, but take them with a grain of salt. Don't assume that financial projections for a sample company will fit your own small business.
If you're looking for more resources to help you get started, this guide on how to write a business plan is a good place to start. You can also download our free business plan template , or get started right away with LivePlan .
Think of business planning as a process, instead of a document
Think about business planning as something you do often , rather than a document you create once and never look at again. If you take the time to write a plan that really fits your own company, it will be a better, more useful tool to grow your business. It should also make it easier to share your vision and strategy so everyone on your team is on the same page.
Adjust your plan regularly to use it as a business management tool
Keep in mind that businesses that use their plan as a management tool to help run their business grow 30 percent faster than those businesses that don't. For that to be true for your company, you'll think of a part of your business planning process as tracking your actual results against your financial forecast on a regular basis.
If things are going well, your plan will help you think about how you can re-invest in your business. If you find that you're not meeting goals, you might need to adjust your budgets or your sales forecast. Either way, tracking your progress compared to your plan can help you adjust quickly when you identify challenges and opportunities—it's one of the most powerful things you can do to grow your business.
Prepare to pitch your business
If you're planning to pitch your business to investors or seek out any funding, you'll need a pitch deck to accompany your business plan. A pitch deck is designed to inform people about your business. You want your pitch deck to be short and easy to follow, so it's best to keep your presentation under 20 slides.
Your pitch deck and pitch presentation are likely some of the first things that an investor will see to learn more about your company. So, you need to be informative and pique their interest. Luckily, just like you can leverage an example business plan template to write your plan, we also have a gallery of over 50 pitch decks for you to reference.
With this gallery, you have the option to view specific industry pitches or get inspired by real-world pitch deck examples. Or for a modern pitch solution that helps you create a business plan and pitch deck side-by-side, you may want to check out LivePlan . It will help you build everything needed for outside investment and to better manage your business.
Get LivePlan in your classroom
Are you an educator looking for real-world business plan examples for your students? With LivePlan, you give your students access to industry-best business plans and help them set goals and track metrics with spreadsheet-free financial forecasts. All of this within a single tool that includes additional instructional resources that work seamlessly alongside your current classroom setup.
With LivePlan, it's not just a classroom project. It's your students planning for their futures. Click here to learn more about business planning for students .
Ready to get started?
Now that you know how to use an example business plan to help you write a plan for your business, it's time to find the right one.
Use the search bar below to get started and find the right match for your business idea.

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How to Write a Prospectus
Last Updated: November 22, 2022 References Approved
This article was co-authored by wikiHow staff writer, Jennifer Mueller, JD . Jennifer Mueller is a wikiHow Content Creator. She specializes in reviewing, fact-checking, and evaluating wikiHow's content to ensure thoroughness and accuracy. Jennifer holds a JD from Indiana University Maurer School of Law in 2006. There are 10 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. wikiHow marks an article as reader-approved once it receives enough positive feedback. In this case, 81% of readers who voted found the article helpful, earning it our reader-approved status. This article has been viewed 114,616 times. Learn more...
A prospectus is, in effect, a research proposal. The purpose of this document – be it a single page or dozens of pages long – is to sell your idea to the appropriate professor or research committee. You may be writing a prospectus for an undergraduate research project, a grad school study, or a doctoral dissertation. A prospectus also is used to apply for grants or other funding from universities or nonprofit organizations. [1] X Trustworthy Source Investor.gov Website maintained by the Securities and Exchange Commision’s Office of Investor Education and Advocacy providing free resources about investing. Go to source
Things You Should Know
- State your topic of study and the questions you intend to answer; then, explain how and why your study will answer those questions.
- Outline the chapters of your prospectus and each stage of research, and include an estimate of the project's costs and timeline.
- Use standard formatting unless otherwise instructed, with a table of contents and bibliography.
- Carefully proofread your prospectus before submitting it for evaluation.
Describing the Goals of the Study

- Your topic isn't as broad as an entire subject such as history or sociology. Rather, you're going to list a specific aspect of that subject, such as "The Causes of World War II" or "The Impact of Globalization in Latin America."
- This topic generally would be far too broad to write a single paper (or even a single book) about and even begin to cover it in a more than superficial manner.
- In a shorter prospectus, such as for an undergraduate research paper, you typically won't need to devote more than a sentence to your topic before moving on to your research questions.

- Before you start formulating your questions, you may want to look at other research projects in your discipline to get a good idea of the types of questions typically asked.
- For example, a history question may involve extensive research and synthesis of that research to discover any patterns that may emerge.
- In contrast, questions in the social sciences such as political science may be based more on data gathering and statistical analysis.
- In a short prospectus, this may simply be a bullet-point list of specific questions you expect to address through your research.
- A longer prospectus, such as a grant proposal or dissertation prospectus, typically devotes several pages to discussing the specific questions that your research will address.

- The more advanced you are in your discipline, the more crucial this portion of your prospectus is going to be.
- If you're writing a prospectus for a research project in an undergraduate course, your professor likely won't expect you to contribute something new or profound to the field. However, graduate research and dissertations typically attempt to make a unique contribution to the area.
- You may need to do some preliminary research before you can write this portion of your prospectus, particularly if you believe you are the only person ever to do research seeking specifically to answer the questions you've listed.
- Any statement you make regarding the importance of your research should be supported by research, and you should be able to defend those assertions to the people reviewing your prospectus.

- You want your thesis statement to be as clear as possible. If you find it difficult to craft a clear answer to the questions you've presented, it may be that your questions aren't as clear as they could be.
- Keep in mind that if your question is vague or muddled, you're going to have a hard time coming up with a clear, definitive thesis statement.

- At this level, you're not just selling your idea, you're also selling your own knowledge, passion, commitment, and skills as a researcher to find the answers you seek.
- For grant applications, information about yourself as a person and your personal interest in the topic you plan to research also can be important. When deciding which projects to fund, having a personal commitment or dedication to a particular issue may give you an edge.
- Depending on the type of research you plan to do, you also may have to outline your position and your access or ability to gather various types of information, such as archives or classified documents.
Explaining the Organization of the Study

- Keep in mind that this is just a plan – nothing's set in stone. At this early stage, your paper likely will change as you get into your research or start gathering the data and crunching numbers to work on your project.
- You can create specific paragraphs or an outline, or you can write this section in a single seamless narrative. For shorter papers, that's probably all this section will be – essentially a couple of paragraphs that tell the readers how you anticipate you'll organize the final report on the project.

- For example, if you're doing a statistical analysis, you must first gather the data, then compile statistics from that data, then analyze the statistics you create.
- For scientific experiments, this is the place where you'll describe the steps in the experiment.
- If you're doing a project in the humanities, the stages of your research may not be as clear-cut as they would be if you were doing a research project for a more scientific discipline.

- For graduate research projects or dissertations, the timeframe may be more open-ended. In these situations, you should provide an estimate in your prospectus of when you believe your project will be completed.
- Coming up with a timeline and ultimate deadline of when the research will be completed is particularly important if you're applying for a grant.
- How long you think it will take to complete your research affects the feasibility of the project, which is ultimately how your prospectus will be evaluated. Be realistic in what you can do within the time constraints you have.
- Keep in mind that while you may be able to get an extension if your research ends up taking longer than you anticipated in your prospectus, you also may be expected to justify the reasons you need more time or explain why the initial estimate in your prospectus was incorrect.

- This is especially important if you're applying for a grant, as the people who review your prospectus will want a detailed breakdown of what you intend to do with the money if you're awarded the grant.
- Typically you'll need to include expenses such as fees for access to archives or for copying, any costs for data collecting, and rentals of lab or other equipment.
- You also should include a list of any resources you plan to use for which you anticipate there being no cost, such as use of the university library or computers and employment of student volunteers.
Formatting Your Prospectus

- The guidelines also typically will include details on which citation method you should use, and may include details on using a particular style guide that will govern word usage, grammar, and punctuation rules.
- Your assignment information also may specifically state how long each section is supposed to be, and which sections must be included.

- Type your prospectus in a standard, legible font such as Times New Roman or Helvetica.
- Typically you'll have one-inch margins on all sides of the paper, and your text will be double-spaced. Include page numbers if your prospectus is more than one page.
- Follow the guidelines from your professor or department in regard to creating a cover sheet or using special formatting or headers on the first page.
- If footnotes or end notes are required, set these up in your word processing app before you start working on your prospectus.

- The table of contents essentially is a list of chapters for your final report, and gives the readers of your prospectus an idea of what the final report will look like and how long it will be.

- Some professors or departments require an annotated bibliography, in which you not only cite the sources you plan to use but provide a detailed description of what the source is and how it fits into your research.
- Check the guidelines from your professor or department to make sure you're using the correct citation method for your bibliography.

- Reading your prospectus backwards is a good way to proofread and catch errors you might have missed otherwise.
- In addition to editing for grammar and punctuation, you also should check your language carefully. Make sure everything is written in a formal, professional tone.
- Keep your audience in mind as you edit. While you may be writing your prospectus for professors or a department committee that has full understanding of your project's topic, you shouldn't assume any particular level of understanding. Rather, your prospectus should be written so that it can be understood by a generally intelligent person without any special knowledge in your field.
Expert Q&A
- Be realistic about what you can accomplish through your research. Writing a prospectus that seems narrow in scope, but feasible, is better than writing a prospectus that seems overly ambitious and impractical. ⧼thumbs_response⧽ Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0
- Don't worry if your final paper or study ends up deviating from your prospectus. This often happens when you get further into your research, and is to be expected. ⧼thumbs_response⧽ Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

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- ↑ https://www.investor.gov/introduction-investing/investing-basics/glossary/prospectus
- ↑ https://www.wichita.edu/academics/fairmount_college_of_liberal_arts_and_sciences/english/deptenglish/WritingaResearchProspectus.php
- ↑ https://english.washington.edu/sites/english/files/documents/ewp/academicresearchpapersequence_grollmus.pdf
- ↑ https://www.slu.edu/arts-and-sciences/theological-studies/student-resources/pdfs/prospectus-template.pdf
- ↑ https://writing.wisc.edu/handbook/assignments/planresearchpaper/
- ↑ https://poorvucenter.yale.edu/writing/graduate/writing-through-graduate-school/prospectus-writing
- ↑ https://www.investor.gov/introduction-investing/investing-basics/glossary/mutual-fund-fees-and-expenses
- ↑ https://examples.yourdictionary.com/reference/examples/table-of-content-examples.html
- ↑ https://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/science-fair/writing-a-bibliography-examples-of-apa-mla-styles
- ↑ https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/writingprocess/proofreading
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Writing a Business Prospectus
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If you are writing a business prospectus, these are the steps that you should follow. One of the best documents that you can use to market your business to potential investors is the business prospectus.
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This is similar to the executive summary. The business prospectus should concisely and clearly describe the goals of the organization and the required investment.
How to Write a Business Prospectus
One of the best documents that you can use to market your business to potential investors is the business prospectus. This is similar to the executive summary. The business prospectus should concisely and clearly describe the goals of the organization and the required investment. The prospectus may vary in length but as long as the essential details are covered, you can have the best prospectus that you can present to investors. Some business owners also claim that the prospectus is the short cut of the business plan but there are those who believe that it’s the final step in creating the plan.
Well, whatever your beliefs are, your end goal should be to attract investors. So, how will you write the business prospectus? One the first page, you will need to describe the mission of your organization. The page should also contain the location, founding date, website, annual budget, people served or geography, the summary of the social problem targeted, social impact, key accomplishments, goals for a certain period, required financial investment, and the different ways to invest. You can also include the in-kind needs as well as the impacts that the financial supports will have to the organization.
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Business Prospectus Writing Tips
The body of the business prospectus will now consist of the details of the outline found on the first page. It will serve as a supplement to the outline. You have to make sure that the body will over the need, opportunity, solution, social change model, organizational health indicators, social impact, economic impact, strategy performance, and the financial sustainability. Clearly define all social problems that can be addressed by your organization and how you will do it. You have to create a graphic or text that will serve as the model to help investors in better understanding how you can solve the issues. Try to explain how your organization’s approach can fill the need. The indicators mentioned earlier will show how healthy your organization is.
The financials should explain the financial model and the revenue strategy that you’re going to use. You should provide the percentage for the revenue on the current year and the projected percentage in the next 3 years. State the amount that you need for the 3-year operation of your organization. You should also provide the board members and staff as well as the key team. You can also add some success stories in the prospectus if you want like statements from a student, teacher, or parent. Start writing your business prospectus today.
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- Thomas Phasha said on September 15, 2013 Mall of the north.next to Polokwane Limpopo South Africa. i am trying to apply for the business space. i have been ask to submit my business prospectus. i want to sell mens clothing
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- James Davis said on June 2, 2015 Chattanooga, Tn
- Chaitra Darshan said on May 9, 2016 I need assistance to write a business prospectus. ours is traveling company hiring cars corporate pick and drop of employees, passport assistance, hotel bookings, visa assistance, this is our major business. how can i create my prospectus. mysore karnataka india
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Definition of prospectus
Did you know.
Prospectus Is a Word for the Forward-Thinking
Like prospect , prospectus looks forward. Thus, a prospectus originally outlined something that didn't yet exist, describing what it would become. This might even be a book; the great dictionary of Noah Webster, like that of Samuel Johnson, was first announced in the form of a prospectus, so that well-to-do people might actually subscribe to it—that is, pay for it in advance so that Webster would have money to live on while writing it. Soon, prospectus was being used to mean a description of a private school or college, intended to attract new students. Today the word very often means a description of a stock offering or mutual fund, whether new or not.
Example Sentences
These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'prospectus.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback .
Word History
Latin, prospect
1765, in the meaning defined at sense 1
Articles Related to prospectus

All About Latin Plurals
Latin has a few plural forms, so check our dictionary.
Dictionary Entries Near prospectus
Prospect Park
Cite this Entry
“Prospectus.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/prospectus. Accessed 4 Mar. 2023.
Kids Definition
Kids definition of prospectus, legal definition, legal definition of prospectus.
Note: Under the Securities Act of 1933, the prospectus is part of the registration statement that must be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission before a security may be offered or sold to the public. The Securities Act defines prospectus broadly as “any prospectus, notice, circular, advertisement, letter, or communication, written or by radio or television, which offers any security for sale or confirms the sale of any security.”
More from Merriam-Webster on prospectus
Thesaurus: All synonyms and antonyms for prospectus
Nglish: Translation of prospectus for Spanish Speakers
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What Is the Difference Between a Prospectus & a Business Plan?
by Candace Webb
Published on 26 Sep 2017
The difference between a business plan and a prospectus is straightforward and clear. Essentially, a business plan presents positive ideas for growth and success, while a prospectus pulls back the curtain and exposes any legal, financial or industry risks and problems the company has faced. Both are important aspects of the business world because one shows what can be while the other shows what currently exists.
A prospectus is a detailed description of the business. It should always include information about the competition as well as the business's property or properties on which the business is located. In addition, a prospectus includes a list of directors and how much they are paid for their services, including perks.
Prospectus Onus
Another duty of a prospectus is to accurately and clearly outline risks of the business. This means disclosure of all past or current legal issues facing the company, a lack of business management history and industry issues such as pending legislation that can negatively impact operations. It is the duty of the prospectus to draft a crystal clear picture of anything that may go wrong or has already gone wrong for the business. In addition, it should provide a full disclosure of the business's finances as audited by a certified public accountant.
Business Plan
A business plan outlines several aspects of a proposed or expanding business. The business plan opens with an executive summary, which gives a synopsis of what the plan will include. The plan also includes an analysis of the current market, with tangible methods of competing in the market. The organizational structure should be included; however, it is not necessary to go into detail other than showcasing how all of the departments, directors or objectives fit together for the benefit of the company.
Money Matters
A funding request is the primary purpose for business plan development. It showcases your skills at planning a business for your potential funding source. Financial analysis, plans for future growth and the cost of your needs should all be included.
While a prospectus unveils any and all financial risks and issues with the company, a business plan focuses on money making strategies. It presents ideas for marketing, sales and future expansions that will increase the bottom line. The business plan is a positively presented game plan for making the business work.
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What Is a Prospectus?
Understanding the prospectus, prospectus example.
- Frequently Asked Questions
The Bottom Line
- Investing Basics
What Is a Prospectus? Example, Uses, and How to Read It
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Pete Rathburn is a copy editor and fact-checker with expertise in economics and personal finance and over twenty years of experience in the classroom.
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Investopedia / Julie Bang
A prospectus is a formal document required by and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that provides details about an investment offering to the public. A prospectus is filed for offerings of stocks, bonds, and mutual funds .
The prospectus can help investors make more informed investment decisions because it contains a host of relevant information about the investment or security. In areas other than investing, a prospectus is a printed document that advertises or describes an offering such as a school, commercial enterprise, forthcoming book, etc. All forms of prospectus exist to attract or inform clients, members, buyers, or investors.
Key Takeaways
- The Securities and Exchange Commission requires that security issuers file a prospectus when offering investment securities to the public.
- The prospectus provides details about the investment/security and the offering.
- A mutual fund prospectus contains details on investment objectives, strategies, performance, distribution policy, fees, and fund management.
- The risks of the investment are typically disclosed early in the prospectus and then explained in more detail later in the document.
Companies that wish to offer bonds or stock for sale to the public must file a prospectus with the Securities and Exchange Commission as part of the registration process. Companies must file a preliminary and a final prospectus, and the SEC has specific guidelines as to what's listed in the prospectus for various securities.
The preliminary prospectus is the first offering document provided by a security issuer and includes most of the details of the business and transaction. However, the preliminary prospectus doesn't contain the number of shares to be issued or price information. Typically, the preliminary prospectus is used to gauge interest in the market for the security being proposed.
The final prospectus contains the complete details of the investment offering to the public. The final prospectus includes any finalized background information, as well as the number of shares or certificates to be issued and the offering price .
A prospectus includes some of the following information:
- A brief summary of the company’s background and financial information
- The name of the company issuing the stock
- The number of shares
- The type of securities being offered
- Whether an offering is public or private
- Names of the company’s principals
- Names of the banks or financial companies performing the underwriting
Some companies are allowed to file an abridged prospectus, which is a document that contains some of the same information as the final prospectus .
Another reason a prospectus is issued is to inform investors of the risks involved with investing in the security or fund. Although a company might be raising capital through stock or bond issuance, investors should study the financials of the company to ensure the company is financially viable enough to honor its commitments.
Risks are typically disclosed early in the prospectus and described in more detail later. The age of the company, management experience, management's involvement in the business, and capitalization of the stock issuer are also described. The prospectus information also guards the issuing company against claims that pertinent information was not fully disclosed.
In the case of mutual funds, a prospectus contains details on the fund's objectives, investment strategies , risks, performance, distribution policy, fees, expenses, and fund management. Because the fees that mutual funds charge take away from investors’ returns, the fees are listed in a table near the beginning of the prospectus. Fees for purchases, sales, and moving among funds are also included, which simplifies the process of comparing the costs of various mutual funds.
Typically, high-cost funds charge fees in excess of 1.5%, whereas low-cost funds charge 1% or less.
As an example of a prospectus for an offering, PNC Financial ( PNC ) filed a prospectus with the Securities and Exchange Commission in 2019 requesting a new issuance of debt. The senior note being offered to the public is a bond or a promissory note to pay a specific yield by maturity.
For review, senior notes are debt securities, or bonds, that take precedence over other unsecured notes in the event of bankruptcy. Senior notes must be paid first if assets are available in the event of company liquidation. A senior note pays a lower coupon rate of interest compared to junior unsecured bonds since the senior debt has a higher level of security and a reduced risk of default.
Below is a portion of the prospectus from the table of contents, which provides basic information about the offering. We can see the following information listed:
- Securities offered, which are senior notes that pay 3.50%
- The maturity date of the notes, which is Jan. 23, 2024
- The issue date, which has yet to be determined
- How interest will be paid and denominations to be issued
- Use of proceeds or how the money raised will be spent, which might include financing operations, paying down debt, or buying back stock
Why Is a Prospectus Useful for Investors?
An SEC-required prospectus provides important details about an investment offering to investors. It provides information to the public regarding investment risk and consolidates valuable information about the investment as well as the company being invested in. Knowing the type and amount of risk involved is an important consideration for investors such that those details are typically disclosed early in the prospectus and later in detail. The financial condition of the company behind the investment is also important since investors want to ensure the company is financially viable enough to honor its commitments.
What Information Is Normally in a Prospectus?
A prospectus includes pertinent information such as a brief summary of the company’s background and financial information. The name of the company and its principals, age of the company, management experience, and management's involvement in the business. Furthermore, the number of shares being issued, the type of securities being offered, whether an offering is public or private, and the names of the banks or financial companies performing the underwriting are also listed.
What's the Difference Between a Preliminary and a Final Prospectus?
The preliminary prospectus is the first offering document provided by a security issuer and includes most of the details of the business and transaction. However, the preliminary prospectus doesn't contain the number of shares to be issued or price information. Typically, the preliminary prospectus is used to gauge interest in the market for the security being proposed.
The final prospectus contains the complete details of the investment offering to the public. The final prospectus includes any finalized background information, as well as the number of shares or certificates to be issued and the offering price.
In general, a prospectus is a document that provides details about an offering made available to the public. More commonly, a prospectus is a formal document required by and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that provides details about an investment offering to the public.
Investors use a prospectus to learn details about a company and its stock much like an employer uses a resume to learn details about a candidate for a job. Topics covered in a prospectus include risk, financial history, a description of the management team, the security's value and amount, whether the offering is public or priviate, number of shares offered, and how investment proceeds will be used
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. " What Is a Registration Statement? " Accessed Sept. 5, 2021.
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. " Mutual Fund Prospectus ." Accessed Sept. 5, 2021.
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. " PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. Prospectus 424B5 ." Accessed Sept. 5, 2021.
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- Main content
What is a prospectus?
Why is a prospectus important, preliminary vs. final prospectus.
- How to find and analyze a company's prospectus
The bottom line
What is a prospectus how it can help you make informed decisions on whether to invest in a company.
Our experts choose the best products and services to help make smart decisions with your money ( here's how ). In some cases, we receive a commission from our partners ; however, our opinions are our own. Terms apply to offers listed on this page.
- A prospectus is a formal document that a company files to describe a potential investment offering.
- The document is filed when the company issues a new security, like a stock, bond, or mutual fund.
- Interested investors should still do research to evaluate the issuing company's financial document.
We all know that a well-crafted resume is one important part of getting the attention of a hiring manager during the job application process. In the finance world, a prospectus is a document that serves a similar purpose for investors as a resume does for employers. It provides details about a company, its history, and what it's offering to spark interest and help facilitate more informed decision-making.
The Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires companies aiming to offer an investment to the public to file a prospectus. This formal document details an overview of the company's history and financials, what type of security is being offered, and how many shares of it has, among other things.
A prospectus is a formal statement that describes the details of a new security being offered to the public. These documents are filed with the SEC for stocks , bonds , and mutual funds, and include key context and information that may help guide an investment decision.
Information on a prospectus may include:
- Company history and information about its management team
- Financial information, including audited financial statements
- The security's principal value and amount
- Whether the offering is public or private
- Number of shares offered
- How investment proceeds will be used
- Risk factors
- Bank or financial institution doing the underwriting
A prospectus provides a level of transparency to the public by outlining the company's background and goals for raising capital. One of the main purposes of a prospectus is to bring attention to a new company and initiate interest in a security with the hopes of raising capital once its securities are made available to buy.
It also details potential risks the company faces, including how long it's been around, management experience and involvement level, and the market capitalization of the issuer.
Filing a prospectus protects the issuing company from claims that relevant information was not made clear or available. The consequences of including false information in a prospectus are severe: Those responsible for misleading information on a prospectus are subject to both civil and criminal penalties, including fines and potential imprisonment.
However, just because the information is there doesn't mean investors don't still have the responsibility to do thorough background research. Interested investors should still evaluate the issuing company's financial documents to understand exactly how much risk they're taking on and the likelihood that they'll eventually be paid back.
A prospectus typically comes in two forms: a preliminary prospectus and a final prospectus. It takes time for a complete prospectus to be finalized, and a company typically releases a preliminary prospectus before a final one to gauge investor interest.
A preliminary prospectus is the first iteration of the document, and includes most of the same information that's required on the final prospectus, except for the number of shares that will be issued and how much they'll be issued for. This is because a preliminary prospective aims to assess market interest in a certain security, meaning it precedes its official market debut.
The final prospectus is typically filed after a company has issued an IPO , or officially gone public in the market. It includes all of the details of the offering, updated background information on the company, and the number and price of that security's shares.
How to find and analyze a company's prospectus
The easiest way to find a company's prospectus is through EDGAR , a free online database maintained by the SEC. All foreign and domestic companies must file all important corporate information with EDGAR, which is short for Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval system.
EDGAR houses many different types of filings and documents, but the best way to search for a prospectus is to type the company's name or ticker symbol in the search bar.
If you're overwhelmed by the idea of reading a prospectus in its entirety and sifting through the jargon, fear not. because you may not need to read the whole thing to understand what you're getting into.
However, going through this document can be beneficial, as a prospectus provides a portrait of the investment and a broader understanding of a company's business objectives and goals. Note that it's best to assess the document with a skeptical and inquisitive eye.
A financial advisor is the best person to help you cull the information you need as it relates to your investing goals.
A prospectus is a formal document that a company files with the SEC to describe a potential investment offering in detail. It includes information about the company's background and financial position, as well as what investor money will go towards specifically.
A final prospectus is thorough and comprehensive, but should still be supplemented by your own research.
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Prospectus examples to inspire your creativity
Despite it sounding like a Harry Potter spell, a prospectus is actually quite a relevant piece of educational material. They are most often used for schools and universities, but they can also be used as a legal document for many companies. So how do you design one? It’s not as complicated as you might think. So with that said, let’s go over a few prospectus examples and talk about what goes into creating one.
What is a prospectus?
We mentioned it briefly above, but it’s important to have a really good understanding of what a prospectus is before we get into the design.
A prospectus is a document created to present a given business or school. Most of the time, however, a prospectus is used by a school/university to promote their benefits to potential students and their parents.
The prospectus can exist in many forms, but the most common example is a booklet . A booklet, whether it’s digital or printed can provide a lot of space for all kinds of information.
What makes a good prospectus?
In truth, there are no rules to creating a prospectus. In fact, as you’ll see when we go through some prospectus examples, that not one is the same as another.
There are many ways in which you can design a prospectus. Overall, it really comes down to taste. That being said, take these next few prospectus examples as inspiration.
Prospectus design
Even though a prospectus is completely unique to the school or business that creates it, there are a few ground rules that you can follow to make sure it’s top-notch.
Let’s start with the basics:
Table of contents
It is absolutely vital that your prospectus contains a table of contents. Especially if you’ve managed to pump out a lot of pages.
The table of contents, like in any textbook, brochure, or really anything else aims to guide the reader. If someone, student or client, is looking for a specific piece of information, I can assure you that they don’t want to spend the next 30 minutes looking for it.
A quick table of contents right at the front can really be useful, and it really doesn’t take much effort to create.
Principal’s welcome
Many schools and universities start their prospectus with a message from the dean or principal, welcoming all students to a new year.
It’s a very personal touch to add, and it let’s the student’s know exactly who will be leading them through the next big step in their life. It’s the perfect way to open your prospectus example.
We talked about the table of contents, so now let’s talk about the actual content in the prospectus.
This is sort of where the differences from school to school and business to business start to shine through. Depending on… well everything, the contents will be different.
As you can see, there are many different topics being discussed in the example above. It’s all in accordance with the student body, and what’s relevant for them.
But I do want to give you a little guideline still. Here are some things that you might want to consider adding to your prospectus:
- Student schedules
If you’re creating a prospectus for a massive university, then this will be a little difficult. But, for new students, it can be very helpful to add a few class times to help them sort out their own schedule.
It doesn’t matter whether you publish a prospectus yearly, monthly, or by the semester, activities happen all the time. You could easily add a section or two about upcoming student activities to get the students excited.
The policy section could be added to prospectuses for both schools and businesses. It’s like a little rule book that anyone can carry around with them.
- School fundraisers
There are a lot of details that go into a successful fundraiser. If it involves the whole school, that’s all the more reason to add all the school fundraising ideas for the year to the prospectus.
The right colors in any design can either make it a masterpiece or make it painful to look at. And although a prospectus isn’t exactly a Van Gough, it certainly should be appealing to look at.
So what kind of colors should you use? Well, let’s take a look at an example.
What do you notice about this prospectus example? As far as colors go, they maintain the same color scheme throughout the entire thing. Of course, these are just a few pages of this particular prospectus, but you get the gist.
It’s important to maintain a constant color pattern throughout the prospectus. Although most people won’t notice your attention to detail, they will certainly notice if the colors don’t match.
In the same way that your prospectus should maintain the same color pallet, it should also sport colors that mean something to your school or business.
When talking about a school prospectus, it’s very important to use the colors that brand your school. In most cases, students will take pride in those colors and the fact that they represent their education.
When talking about a business prospectus, it’s important to maintain brand language, and use colors revolving around the brand.
There’s no need to go crazy with colors. Stick to what you’re familiar with through school or business, and you should be just fine.
Just like this article would be really bland without images, your prospectus would be, too. Images allow the creator to build and tell a story. Granted, there isn’t always a story to tell when it comes to a prospectus, but in many cases, the right images really help.
In the usual fashion, let’s take a look at a prospectus example to help us visualize the power of imagery.
In this image, you can see a simple and powerful image, telling the story of the students that attend Laidlaw College. To be honest, the cover is nothing fancy, but in the same sense, it’s the perfect image to begin the story.
As you can see, the image on the cover above portrays a very relaxed and calming environment. It shows students not only together, but enjoying their time. One image can set the mood for the entire story. For potential future students, a nice image like this can be quite the welcoming sight in the sea of stress they’re facing. One image can change it all.
Again with this prospectus example, you can see a simple image that shows the students of Bishop’s Hatfield Girl’s School enjoying their education. For anyone glancing at the cover, it’s a very warm sight to see the students enjoying their time.
But definitely add multiple images throughout. Use them to help guide the reader. Don’t flood your prospectus with images, just use them where they’re needed. And don’t forget to use high quality images!
We have established that the images help guide readers. But in truth, that’s only half of the story. The layout of the prospectus also helps guide the readers.
This really isn’t a new concept, nor is it a difficult one, but it is pretty important. Your prospectus should be laid out in such a way that the reader will have an easy time navigating it. It shouldn’t be too complex, filled with obnoxious text and images, nor overloaded with bright neon colors that have nothing to do with the identity of the school or business.
So, in a way, I guess you can say that the layout is a combination of all the elements that we discussed above. The right colors, contents, and images placed in the right order makes for the perfect prospectus.
How you can make your own prospectus
Now that you know what goes into a good prospectus, it’s time to create your own. We’re going to use a combination of all the elements of the prospectus examples above to create our own unique masterpiece.
That may still seem a little daunting to you. After all, we’re not all world-class designers (mainly looking at myself).
So what do you do in a situation like this? Cry? Pull your hair out? Well, of course not. Flipsnack is here to make sure your prospectus is as brilliant and powerful as a best-selling novel.
Let’s start with a template.
Flipsnack has a variety of prospectus examples ready for you to grab and use as a template. This one above is a great example. It’s simple, yet flashy enough to grab some attention. But don’t worry if your rival school’s color is yellow. You can change any element you see in our templates with just a few clicks.
Remember the very first image in this article? Yeah, the really cool blue and white one. Believe it or not, that is one of our templates.
Our designers have spent quite a bit of time making sure these templates are perfect for anyone to use. Just take a look at this one:
Feeling a little bit more formal? Well we’ve got a prospectus example for that, too. This template is a little less flashy, and a lot more classy. Not that flashy is bad, it just doesn’t fit every school.
With that said, if you like one of our templates, including the one at the beginning of this article, then just click on the image. It’ll take you right to our template page where you can browse through all of our templates.
Distribution
Now that you have your prospectus, it’s time to distribute it. When you boil it down, there are two ways to do that: print it or distribute it digitally. Now, there are quite a few ways you can accomplish both of these methods, but none are as effective as Flipsnack.
Flipsnack is by far the most inclusive and easy to use software/tool out there for creating and publishing a prospectus. With Flipsnack, you can be as detailed as you want to be, but without all the extra effort it would take to create a prospectus with another tool. You don’t need to be a designer or have any design skills at all. All you need is a Flipsnack account, and the vision of your complete prospectus.
Once you’ve got all your details sorted, the colors are perfect, and all the images are crystal clear, simply download your creation, print it, or send it around digitally.
Now, it’s up to you to create your own prospectus. Feel free to reference this article as much as you’d like. I built it as a general guide to help anyone through this process. It’s by no means all-inclusive, but it will certainly get you started.
The most important thing to remember is to use your own unique creativity. You can use a prospectus for a variety of things: grade school, highschool, universities, and colleges. Just like each application is unique, the style of the prospectus should be unique, too.
Last but not least, don’t forget to check Flipsnack out for all of your prospectus creating needs. Our simple, drag-and-drop editor will make creating a prospectus as easy as reading one. We offer a variety of helpful tools to make sure your prospectus comes out beautifully. Who knows, maybe your prospectus will be featured in an article like this in the near future.
thanks for sugg estions, but i really loo ked forward to seeing a finished product
Here you can see more finished products. :)
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San Diego Prospectus
Our team assists with writing the offering prospectus for public or private offerings. Prospectus.com’s staff has assisted in the drafting and writing of thousands of offering prospectus documents, spanning most of the world’s major business hubs. A prospectus is a document that details the issuer’s securities offering, including the terms of the stock or notes or convertible bonds, the risk factors, payment dates, voting rights and much more.
San Diego Prospectus Offering Document
If your company is considering offering equity or debt securities in return for capital from investors a well written prospectus is mandatory. Aside from the legal rules that govern raising capital in various countries, for an investor to make an educated decision about investing in one’s company, a duly written prospectus should be written and allocated. It is almost a foregone conclusion that without a prospectus (as well as a business plan) a company will not succeed in raising money from investors, whether venture capital or angel or other types of financing.
In additional to the rules governing fund raising, a prospectus can legally shield the issuers from investor grievance. A prospectus should contain a thorough list of the relevant risk factors of the company (which every investor will read closely) and once agreed should shield the directors of the company from law suits if the investor capital is lost.
The Prospectus is an Opportunity
A prospectus is an opportunity for the issuer to showcase the company’s achievements and strengths. Every advantage should be taken by the issuer to strengthen their prospectus and position (in an honest way) that gives investors encouragement that their money will not be squandered. The management team section of the prospectus should emphasize the skills and strengths of the CEO and other company leaders. Even though the corporate documents of the issuer, like the prospectus, is a disclosure document that is usually mandated by state and federal regulations, the document itself is much more. The opportunity – and the milestone of reaching investors – to give them a prospectus to read is a solid accomplishment. But prior to soliciting investors and giving them access to your offering prospectus presentation it is best to ensure that your issuance document is up to par. Our team has the knowledge and experience to write your issuance prospectus document. We work in tandem with our clients to ensure that an effective document is created.
What Prospectus.com Can Do
For San Diego startups, or established companies or funds seeking to raise capital via a formal offering, securities regulators worldwide, as well as investors in a private offering, require the Issuer to submit a professional preliminary red herring prospectus document. Our team of consultants and attorneys can assist with the writing and drafting of your prospectus for financing and other securities offering documents and ensure they conform with both local regulatory and global standards to maximize success during your capital formation needs. Whether you are wanting to raise equity capital in a public offering or private placement, or sell debt securities in the form of notes or convertible bonds or debentures (either publicly or in a private placement as well), our team will be with you until the very end. Here are some of the steps in the prospectus process:
- Our team conducts the initial analysis of your company.
- We will recommend the best course of action, taking into consideration time frame, budgets and overall needs.
- We undertake all work and begin the process. This would include the drafting of the prospectus document or any other document such as the private placement memorandum, or legal agreements from our attorneys.
- We send the documents to you for review.
- Once approved, and if you need, an attorney opinion letter can be included in the paperwork.
- Assist with listing on a global stock exchange, if you want.
- If you require filing or registration with various agencies we will undertake as well.
- We are a start-to-finish firm and our number one goal is the successful growth of our clients.
Prospectus.com can assist with your debt financing prospectus needs. We are the world leading firm that specializes in public and private prospectus writing and general business and legal document writing services.
If you are a corporate entity seeking to raise additional capital, a start-up that is considering launching a company or a fund manager who needs assistance with the offering prospectus, feel free to reach out to us.
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What Is a Prospectus, and How Do You Read One?

In investing, a prospectus is a legal document that describes an investment security to potential investors. Required by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) , a prospectus contains facts about the company or fund issuing the security. This can include details on its finances, management, history and other information that could help investors make an informed decision. A prospectus is a key tool in an investor’s toolbox, as it allows them to understand a security’s risks and strategies. If even after reading an investment prospectus you still have questions, consider working with a financial advisor .
What Is a Prospectus?
A prospectus is a legal document that a company or mutual fund must produce when it is offering a security for sale. The prospectus provides detailed information about the security so that potential investors can better understand what they’d be buying. Among other things, this information can include:
- Background on the company and its current financial situation and principals
- How many total shares are being issued
- The type of security being issued ( stock , bond , mutual fund , etc.)
- The name of the institution underwriting the offering, if there is one
- Information about dividends
This information is meant to notify potential investors that the security is either coming or is currently available. In addition, a prospectus can help investors determine whether the security might be a fit for them.
A prospectus typically comes in two different forms: preliminary prospectuses and final prospectuses. When a company or fund is preparing to release a new security, it will issue a preliminary prospectus. Then, once the offering is complete and actually available to investors, a final prospectus will also be available. The two versions will likely have many similarities, with the final prospectus containing more details and any changes that took place during the finalization process.
How to Find and Read a Prospectus

Before you can even read a company or fund’s prospectus, you’ll need to find it. The way to do this is to visit the SEC’s website, which houses a database called Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval, or EDGAR . There are a number of ways you can search for the prospectus you need access to, including by company/mutual fund name, ticker symbol, filing date and more.
The purpose of a prospectus is to evaluate if an investment is right for your goals, risk tolerance and existing investment portfolio . You may not need to closely read every word in the prospectus to come to this decision. In fact, it’s unlikely you will. Instead, the best approach is to read through the document with an eye for several crucial pieces of information.
The first objective when reading a prospectus is to develop an understanding of the company’s business model and goals if it is indeed a company issuing the prospectus. Once you’ve accomplished that, you’ll want to carefully consider the risk factors the prospectus lays out. Be sure to reflect on if the prospectus is portraying an investment that aligns with your personal risk tolerance.
Finally, most prospectuses will include information about what the proceeds of the security’s performance will be put toward. Consider if these align with the company’s business model and if they’ll generate consistent value.
Once you feel confident in your understanding of the prospectus, it may be worth checking to see if there’s any overlap between the security or fund in question and the investments in your current portfolio. By doing this, you can identify whether or not your portfolio will lose diversification value if you decide to invest in the new security or fund.
What’s Different About a Mutual Fund Prospectus?
A mutual fund prospectus details the strategies and objectives of a specific mutual fund. This information will differ slightly from a stock prospectus, as it will include the fund’s past performance, as well as the managers of the fund and their history. Both types of prospectuses, however, will discuss the issuer’s plans and objectives. This will allow you, the investor, to determine if it would be a good fit for your portfolio.
A mutual fund prospectus will also likely include a discussion of the fund’s investment strategy, something that isn’t applicable to a stock. This could include information about asset allocation targets or any restrictions the fund may place on its investments .
By law, every mutual fund prospectus must include information regarding the risks involved in investing in the fund. In this section, the fund will illustrate the nature of the risk you’ll assume by investing, both the magnitude and the provenance of that risk. While risk is inherent in investing, not all funds will align with your personal risk tolerance . Knowing this, you’ll want to examine this section closely before making a final investment decision.
Sometimes mutual fund prospectuses may go by different names than the ones listed above. The first of these is a summary prospectus, which gives only a short overview of the fund, its strategy and goals. The second, a statutory prospectus, is much longer and more comprehensive. If you’re looking to find the prospectus of a particular fund, you can usually get your hands on it by heading to its website or reaching out to the fund via email or phone.
The Bottom Line

A prospectus is a crucial piece of information for the potential investors of a stock or other security. It helps them understand any potential risks that could come with the purchase of the security, among other things. Without a prospectus, investors would have little to no information to help them make their decision.
Tips for Getting Into Investing
- If you’re looking to improve your investment game, it might be worth it to work with a professional. A financial advisor can help vet any potential investment and help you understand how it could fit into your plan. Finding a financial advisor doesn’t have to be hard. SmartAsset’s free tool matches you with up to three vetted financial advisors who serve your area, and you can interview your advisor matches at no cost to decide which one is right for you. If you’re ready to find an advisor who can help you achieve your financial goals , get started now .
- Having a specific asset allocation is crucial for investors when it comes to managing risk in their portfolios . A prospectus can help you determine the asset classes of a security and whether their risk levels makes sense for you. SmartAsset’s asset allocation calculator can help you find the allocation most appropriate for your financial goals and risk tolerance.
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Nowak Metro Finance Lab
Before you begin, key elements of the investment prospectus & how to use this guide.
An Investment Prospectus best acts as a “pre-qualification statement” for a city, providing the economic and governmental context—at the metro, city and Zone scales—to attract capital and drive smart investments. Local entities will need to go the “last mile” and identify and market actual investable projects, providing the first-hand deep knowledge that only exists in each community itself.
Each Investment Prospectus should, at a minimum, do the following:
Set the Context
All Opportunity Zones exist within the broader context of urban and metropolitan areas as well as broader regional economic ecosystems. To that end, an Investment Prospectus should situate the Opportunity Zones on several levels. It should set the economic context for the Opportunity Zones, providing information on driving clusters, sectors, institutions and companies that define the raison d’etre of a given place and unveil the strongest economic growth opportunities given general trends and dynamics. It should explore recent trends in entrepreneurship, company formation and growth and venture funding.
An Investment Prospectus should also act as an introduction to city governance, providing an overview of government structure/leadership, indicating which state and local entities (and who in particular) are in charge of the Opportunity Zone effort and making transparent any local resources and incentives. To the greatest practicable, such information should be made available on a widely promoted website.
Drill-Down into Zones
After setting the context, an Investment Prospectus should present a granular assessment of the competitive position and prospects of each Opportunity Zone. To that end, information should provide specificity on growth dynamics, investment patterns and catalytic projects. To the greatest extent practicable, an Investment Prospectus should clearly show how the attributes of particular Opportunity Zones relate to the contextual macro strengths of the city and metropolis. For example, cities should discuss Opportunity Zones’ strategic location near infrastructure or areas of economic growth, the availability of land and buildings for economic use or the presence of anchor institutions like universities, hospitals and major employers.
Given that “capital follows capital,” an Investment Prospectus should identify public, private and civic initiatives that have already been undertaken in Opportunity Zones. These should include public investments in transportation (e.g., roads, transit) and other infrastructure, company expansions and investments in capital assets, university support for centers of excellence, commercialization and entrepreneurial assistance, the designation of Innovation or other special Districts, the transformation of public or assisted housing, the creation of special high schools or workforce intermediaries, and the design and implementation of “buy-local” procurement efforts by major employers.
Catalyze Inclusive Growth
Given the intent of this tax incentive, an Investment Prospectus should also strive to show how each city is working to maximize economic benefits for low and moderate-income people and places. The Prospectus should, at a minimum, include an analysis of human capital issues in each city/community and show how skill building connects to capital investment dynamics. While there are many dimensions to poverty reduction, cities should focus on how to best increase income across the population by upgrading the education and skills of children and young adults, who will become part of the workforce during the life of this tax incentive.
While the Investment Prospectus will be written for individual cities, it is being developed with a more universal perspective. Investors look for repeated patterns across places—similar spatial geographies, common product types—so that markets can be routinized and friction reduced. New Localism Advisors has created a typology of census tracts across the country that uses the ratio of jobs to residents to unveil the special economies and investment possibilities of distinct urban geographies (e.g., central business districts, anchor districts, industrial districts, airport districts and residential areas).
An Investment Prospectus should rely on objective quantitative evidence as well as qualitative local knowledge. To the greatest extent practicable, it should use readily accessible data that can help investors uncover investable projects and help cities and their stakeholders build inclusive growth strategies and create new (or repurpose existing) institutions to market Opportunity Zones, leverage public, private and civic investments and enhance the linkage of local residents to resulting employment opportunities. The robust use of national data that is locally relevant will also help cities build accountability systems to measure Zone performance and inclusive growth outcomes.
Tips on Creating a Prospectus and Using the Guide
The development of the Investment Prospectus tool in the 5 test cities has already yielded some helpful insights about the design and potential of Opportunity Zones.
Getting Started
It is our firm belief that every city can produce an Investment Prospectus. One way to get started is to establish an Opportunity Zone Task Force led by public, private and civic institutions that delegates responsibilities and firm deadlines. This will ensure that a broad mix of city, anchor and community leaders can build a Prospectus with community input and market the Prospectus and provide additional incentives with community oversight and in accordance with the community vision.
One timely place to start: some 238 cities prepared comprehensive overviews of their assets and advantages as part of the recent competition for the second headquarters of Amazon. We highly recommend that these cities review their bids and use these assessments to inform and build an Opportunity Zone Investment Prospectus. In many cases, cities identified publicly owned assets that could be part of an Amazon campus; many of those assets are located in Opportunity Zones and could find a productive purpose.
We fully recognize that many small and even medium-sized communities face capacity challenges that may impede the creation of an Investment Prospectus. To that end, we highly recommend that a community engage the low-cost services of an entity like PolicyMap . PolicyMap gives cities access to critical data on demographics, real estate, jobs and more and provides easy-to-use online mapping that is a core element of the Investment Prospectus tool. States could also play a critical role in helping small communities design and deploy Investment Prospectuses, either in concert with or separate from an organization like PolicyMap.
Using a Common Template to Communicate Distinctive Assets
Each city should use the Investment Prospectus to project its authentic self, grounded in hard evidence and local knowledge. Each of our test cities, for example, have strong educational and health institutions (“eds and meds”) and experienced a burst of multi-family construction and hotel and amenity development in their downtown and near-downtown neighborhoods. Opportunity Zones were smartly selected to reinforce these common trends and assets and build on smart city investments and strategies. Yet there the similarities end. The Investment Prospectuses for each city reveal highly distinctive economies with diverse histories and pathways for growth and investment, which yield different possibilities for public, private and civic investors.
South Bend, Indiana is a relatively small older industrial city, anchored by a globally significant university growing in scale and impact. The University of Notre Dame is consistently ranked among the best American universities, boasts the 10th largest university endowment in the United States and is rapidly expanding its research base and commercialization capacity.
Erie, Pennsylvania is also a relatively small older industrial city that has a heavy concentration of private and civic institutions—Erie Insurance Company, Gannon University, UPMC Hamot—co-located in the downtown area. In recent years, Erie Insurance has led an effort to create a Downtown Development Corporation with the capacity and capital to drive major regeneration.
Louisville, Kentucky is a competitive mid-sized city and is one of the most successful examples of a city/county consolidation in the United States, yielding a strong fiscal base and solid bond ratings. It has strong traction in hospitality (Bourbonism, Kentucky Derby), logistics (UPS), advanced manufacturing (Ford) and wellness/health care (Humana).
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma boasts a growing economy with outsized positions in hospitality as well as advanced energy, aerospace and health care. For 25 years, its voters have consistently backed—and its business community has consistently supported—a series of public referenda which have invested at scale in the redevelopment of the greater downtown and schools, providing a strong foundation for market growth.
Stockton, California is a moderately sized city that is strategically located near Sacramento, the state capitol, as well as San Francisco and Silicon Valley. Given its location and role as an inland port, the city continues to play a substantial role in production and logistics.
Mobilizing Resources
An Investment Prospectus is written initially to unveil competitive assets and attract private capital that is enticed by federal tax incentives. But the Prospectus does not solely focus on private investors. The transactions that most cities seek to drive inclusive growth (e.g., investments in workforce housing and local businesses) will require a blended “capital stack” of debt, subsidy and equity. Cities will, therefore, need to align broader pools of public, private, civic capital and create new forms of innovative financing that can be captured, codified and transferred from city to city. Weak market cities will also need to create business demand by increasing employment density within nodes of Opportunity Zones (e.g., the downtown initiative pursued by Erie, PA). The major observation here is that wealth doesn’t just reside in technology capitals like Silicon Valley or New York City but is distributed across the nation. To this end, cities do not have a capital problem but an organizing challenge and the Investment Prospectus is an impetus for unlocking local wealth and driving smarter local investment and location decisions.
The Investment Prospectus offers cities, in short, an opportunity and format by which to organize how they think about and carry out inclusive economic development. Our hope is that city governments will use the Prospectus to organize their own powers and incentives in ways that advances inclusive growth. Such resources could include zoning, joint ventures, low cost or no cost land, tax increment financing, tax abatements and the like. At the same time, the Prospectus should be a vehicle for organizing private, civic, university and community assets in novel and imaginative ways.
Harnessing Philanthropy
Philanthropies could play a critical role in helping cities design an Investment Prospectus and realize its full economic and social impact. Foundations often possess the community legitimacy necessary to convene disparate urban stakeholders and reach “consensus on reality.” They have the discretionary capital necessary to enhance the capacity of local government, community development enterprises and other local institutions so these organizations can co-create an Investment Prospectus and leverage Opportunity Zones. They have the patient, risk-tolerant capital necessary to invest in Qualified Opportunity Funds, aligned funds or individual transactions. And they have the respect for evidence-driven decision making that is conducive to catalyze, capture, codify and communicate new norms and models as they emerge.
Moving towards Investment Prospectus 2.0 and 3.0
The Investment Prospectuses written to date have relied on quantitative data that is available nationally, primarily from federal agencies. Our view is that we have created an initial platform that is well positioned for further data collection and analysis. We are encouraged that financial institutions like Mastercard have volunteered to build on our initial work and apply their sophisticated data around consumer spending patterns at the census tract level. We also believe that true economic and social impact will be realized only when local data is collected and purposefully applied. For example, the Opportunity Zone Investment Prospectus tool may be a catalyst for cities understanding and displaying information about market relevant information (e.g., public asset ownership) with greater granularity.

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The Santa Clara Show will exclusively feature American suppliers that can help your business mitigate risk, shorten the supply chain, and get parts manufactured on time.
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Who exhibits at a d2p show.
The exhibitors are regional and national contract manufacturers and job shops who offer manufacturing and service capabilities in more than 300 product categories for the metal, plastics, rubber, and electronics industries.
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The attendees are manufacturing engineers, design engineers, manufacturing management, and purchasing personnel involved in outsourcing decisions for parts & services. The attendees come from small to large companies and are looking for manufacturing services.
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What if I am interested in exhibiting?
We welcome the opportunity to give you a customized exhibiting quote. Please email or call to discuss booth packages, pricing options, eligibility, and to see what locations are available.
Contact a sales representative today for more details at 800-225-4535, or please click here to contact us by email .
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Prospect, CT, June 10, 2022. Design-2-Part Shows (D2P), America’s largest and longest running contract manufacturing trade shows, has acquired AmCon Advanced Design & Manufacturing Expo. This acquisition represents a combined 80 years of producing high-quality manufacturing trade shows, making Design-2-Part the only trade show in the country focused on American contract manufacturing.
With combined resources and expertise in the industry, D2P aims to bring you an even greater trade show experience in the years to come. Customer satisfaction is of utmost importance, and we are committed to bringing the highest possible quality attendees to every show.
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March 4, 2023
Robbins Geller Rudman & Dowd LLP and Scott+Scott Attorneys at Law LLP Announce Pendency of Class Action Involving Acquirers of Cloudera, Inc. Common Shares
- Business Wire
- Mar 1, 2023
- Copy article link
SAN JOSE, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Mar 1, 2023--
The following Pendency of Class Action involving acquirers of Cloudera, Inc. Common Shares is being issued by Robbins Geller Rudman & Dowd LLP and Scott+Scott Attorneys at Law LLP:
SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
COUNTY OF SANTA CLARA
SUMMARY NOTICE OF PENDENCY OF CLASS ACTION
TO: ALL PERSONS AND ENTITIES WHO ACQUIRED THE COMMON SHARES OF CLOUDERA, INC. PURSUANT TO THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON FORMS S-4 AND PROSPECTUS ISSUED IN CONNECTION WITH THE MERGER OF CLOUDERA, INC. AND HORTONWORKS, INC.
Please be advised that your rights may be affected by a class action lawsuit pending in the Superior Court of the State of California, County of Santa Clara if you acquired common shares of Cloudera, Inc. (“Cloudera”) in connection with Cloudera’s January 3, 2019 merger and acquisition of Hortonworks, Inc. (“Hortonworks”) (the “Merger”).
A court authorized this notice. This is not a solicitation from a lawyer.
PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that, pursuant to a court Order dated November 20, 2022, a class has been certified in a class action entitled In re Cloudera, Inc. Securities Litigation , Lead Case No. 19CV348674 (the “Action”), pending before Judge Patricia M. Lucas of the Superior Court of the State of California, Santa Clara County (the “Court”).
The Action is brought on behalf of all persons and entities who acquired Cloudera common shares pursuant to the Registration Statement on Form S-4 and the Form 424B3 Prospectus (the “Offering Materials”) issued in connection with the Merger (the “Class”), and asserts claims under the federal Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) against: (1) Cloudera, (2) Intel Corporation; and (3) certain of Cloudera’s current and former officers and directors who signed the Offering Materials for the Merger (collectively, “Defendants”). Plaintiffs, on behalf of the Class, allege that all Defendants violated Section 11 of the Securities Act because the Offering Materials, pursuant to which Cloudera common shares were offered, contained materially false or misleading statements and/or omitted material information required to be disclosed therein. Plaintiffs also allege, on behalf of the Class, that Cloudera violated Section 12(a)(2) of the Securities Act and that, pursuant to Section 15 of the Securities Act, each Defendant is liable as a “controlling person” of one or more of the other Defendants (or their employees or other agents) who violated Sections 11 and 12(a)(2).
Defendants deny all of these allegations, deny that they engaged in any wrongdoing, and deny that they have any liability or violated the Securities Act.
The Court has decided that the Action should proceed as a class action on behalf of a Class that (subject to certain exclusions) consists of “All persons who acquired Cloudera common stock in exchange for Hortonworks, Inc. securities pursuant to the registration statement and prospectus issued in connection with Cloudera’s January 2019 merger and acquisition of Hortonworks. Excluded from the Class are (i) Defendants; (ii) the Individual Defendants’ immediate families; (iii) the officers and directors of Cloudera and Intel; and (iv) any entity in which the Defendants have or had a controlling interest.”
If you are a member of the Class, your rights may be affected by this Action. If you have not received a detailed Notice of Pendency of Class Action (“Notice”), you may obtain copies by writing to Notice Administrator, Cloudera Class Action , c/o Epiq, P.O. Box 6074, Portland, OR 97228-6074, tel. (800) 655-8220, or by downloading this information at www.ClouderaSecuritiesLitigation.com . Inquiries, other than requests for a copy of the Notice, may be made to class counsel: Robbins Geller Rudman & Dowd LLP, c/o James I. Jaconette, 655 West Broadway, Suite 1900, San Diego, CA 92101, tel. (619) 231-1058 or Scott+Scott Attorneys at Law LLP, c/o John T. Jasnoch, 600 West Broadway, Suite 3300, San Diego, CA 92101, tel. (619) 233-4565.
You have the right to request exclusion (opt out) from the Class. If you do not request exclusion from the Class, you will be bound by past and any future rulings of the Court on the claims asserted against the Defendants, even if there is no recovery.
IF YOU WISH TO REMAIN IN THE CLASS, YOU DO NOT HAVE TO DO ANYTHING AT THIS TIME. HOWEVER, IF YOU WISH TO BE EXCLUDED FROM THE CLASS, YOU MUST SUBMIT A REQUEST FOR EXCLUSION BY MAY 15, 2023 , IN THE MANNER AND FORM EXPLAINED IN THE NOTICE. ALL MEMBERS OF THE CLASS WHO DO NOT VALIDLY REQUEST EXCLUSION FROM THE CLASS WILL BE BOUND BY ALL OF THE DETERMINATIONS, INCLUDING ORDERS AND JUDGMENTS, THAT THE COURT HAS MADE OR WILL MAKE IN THIS ACTION, EVEN IF THERE IS NO RECOVERY.
PLEASE DO NOT CONTACT THE COURT OR THE CLERK’S OFFICE REGARDING THIS NOTICE.
Dated: March 1, 2023
BY ORDER OF THE SUPERIOR COURT OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA CLARA COUNTY
View source version on businesswire.com : https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20230301005008/en/
CONTACT: Robbins Geller Rudman & Dowd LLP
James I. Jaconette
Telephone: (619) 231-1058Scott+Scott Attorneys at Law LLP
John T. Jasnoch
Telephone: (619) 233-4565URL//www.ClouderaSecuritiesLitigation.com
KEYWORD: CALIFORNIA UNITED STATES NORTH AMERICA
INDUSTRY KEYWORD: CLASS ACTION LAWSUIT PROFESSIONAL SERVICES LEGAL
SOURCE: Robbins Geller Rudman & Dowd LLP
Copyright Business Wire 2023.
PUB: 03/01/2023 11:00 AM/DISC: 03/01/2023 11:03 AM
http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20230301005008/en
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An effective business proposal is a document used by a B2B or business-facing company (this may not always be the case) where a seller aims to persuade a prospective buyer into buying their goods or services. A business proposal outlines what your business does and what you can do for your client.
The prospectus gives an overview of the company since its creation. It provides a chronology of events that have occurred over the years, such as those that have helped the company experience growth. It also includes information about the founders, company registration, and initial service offerings.
Learn about the best business plan software. 1. Write an executive summary. This is the first page of your business plan. Think of it as your elevator pitch. It should include a mission statement ...
A prospectus is a legal document released by a company to inform potential investors about the planned issuance of a new security, which can be shares of stock, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), or mutual funds.
You'll address how you plan on selling to those target markets, what your pricing plan is, and what types of activities and partnerships you need to make your business a success. Organization & management Use this section to describe your current team and who you need to hire.
Prospectus.com is a leader in prospectus and private placement memorandum writing services GLOBAL · EXPERIENCED · FAST TURNAROUND · SAME DAY QUOTES Contact us today (212) 812-2127 Here at Prospectus.com, we often compare the writing of a prospectus - or any offering document handed to investors, including a feasibility study - to a business plan.
A prospectus also is used to apply for grants or other funding from universities or nonprofit organizations. [1] Things You Should Know State your topic of study and the questions you intend to answer; then, explain how and why your study will answer those questions.
The business prospectus should concisely and clearly describe the goals of the organization and the required investment. The prospectus may vary in length but as long as the essential details are covered, you can have the best prospectus that you can present to investors.
A business prospectus is a document that describes a stock offering, mutual fund or potential financial venture, or it can outline the operations of a going concern. These prospectuses help attract potential investors or allow potential partners or purchasers of a business to understand the workings and risks of involvement in a specific venture.
1 : a preliminary printed statement that describes an enterprise (such as a business or publication) and that is distributed to prospective buyers, investors, or participants 2 : something (such as a statement or situation) that forecasts the course or nature of something Did you know? Prospectus Is a Word for the Forward-Thinking
A company's prospectus is a formal legal document designed to provide information and full details about an investment offering for sale to the public. Companies are required to file the...
A prospectus is a detailed description of the business. It should always include information about the competition as well as the business's property or properties on which the business is located. In addition, a prospectus includes a list of directors and how much they are paid for their services, including perks. Prospectus Onus
A prospectus includes pertinent information such as a brief summary of the company's background and financial information. The name of the company and its principals, age of the company,...
A prospectus is a formal document that a company files to describe a potential investment offering. The document is filed when the company issues a new security, like a stock, bond, or mutual...
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A prospectus is a document created to present a given business or school. Most of the time, however, a prospectus is used by a school/university to promote their benefits to potential students and their parents. The prospectus can exist in many forms, but the most common example is a booklet.
San Diego Prospectus. Our team assists with writing the offering prospectus for public or private offerings. Prospectus.com's staff has assisted in the drafting and writing of thousands of offering prospectus documents, spanning most of the world's major business hubs. A prospectus is a document that details the issuer's securities ...
What Is a Prospectus, and How Do You Read One? - SmartAsset Before a stock, bond or mutual fund can go up for sale, a prospectus must be filed with the SEC. Here's how to read one and what to look for. Menu burger Close thin Facebook Twitter Google plus Linked in Reddit Email arrow-right-sm arrow-right Loading Home Buying Calculators
An Investment Prospectus should also act as an introduction to city governance, providing an overview of government structure/leadership, indicating which state and local entities (and who in particular) are in charge of the Opportunity Zone effort and making transparent any local resources and incentives. ... central business districts, anchor ...
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Prospectus for the public offer of 6,242,770 shares of VMware, Inc. common stock each with a par value of US$0.01 ... business continuity and corporate end-user computing device management. The Company's solutions enable organizations to aggregate multiple servers, storage
PROSPECTUS . SVB FINANCIAL GROUP . Senior Debt Securities . Subordinated Debt Securities . Common Stock ... 15, 2026, the five-year treasury rate as of the most recent reset dividend determination date (calculated three business days prior to the beginning of each reset date, which occurs first on November 15, 2026 and then on the date falling ...
SAN JOSE, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Mar 1, 2023-- The following Pendency of Class Action involving acquirers of Cloudera, Inc. Common Shares is being issued by Robbins Geller Rudman & Dowd LLP and Scott+Scott Attorneys at Law LLP: