example of an introduction to a research paper

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6 Examples of Research Paper Introductions to Hook Your Readers

Welcome to our guide on research paper introductions!

As you may already know, the introduction is a critical component of any research paper, as it sets the tone for the rest of the paper and establishes the reader’s expectations.

The introductory paragraph in a research paper should give an overview of what the reader can expect from the rest of the paper.

It should also establish a context for readers who are new to this topic. More importantly, when writing a research paper introduction, it’s best to focus on two key points: the problem being addressed and how this particular study (or studies) addresses it.

If those two points are clear then readers should be able to follow along as they read more into your paper.

In the following sections, we’ll provide you with examples of different types of research paper introductions to help you get started.

Types of Research Paper Introductions

General introductions.

A general introduction is suitable when you’re discussing a range of different topics or subjects within one paper. It provides the reader with an idea of where you stand in regard to the topic at hand and can be followed up with a sentence or two explaining your specific angle.

Topic: The Effect of Social Media on Mental Health

Social media has become an integral part of our daily lives, and its impact on mental health has become a subject of increasing concern in recent years. While social media platforms have provided a new means of communication and access to information, they have also been linked to negative mental health outcomes such as depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem. This research paper aims to explore the relationship between social media use and mental health outcomes. Specifically, we will investigate how social media affects individuals’ perceptions of themselves and their social relationships, as well as the potential impact on their emotional well-being. Through a thorough literature review and original research, we hope to shed light on the complex relationship between social media and mental health and provide insights into effective interventions for those who may be negatively impacted by social media use.

Topic: Formal Presentations at University

Most universities require their graduate-level courses to have some form of formal presentation such as a dissertation, master’s thesis, or doctoral dissertation. These presentations often take the form of an oral defense. Formal presentations provide both teachers and students with feedback in order to make future projects better. Teachers also use these projects to gauge student performance and provide guidance during group discussions throughout the course. What makes these oral defenses different than others is that they must adhere to strict guidelines set forth by the institution overseeing them. Failure to comply with these guidelines may result in expulsion from the university. Oral defenses typically contain three major parts: an opening statement, main body, and closing statement. However, some institutions may offer variations of this format. For instance, many institutions now require a written version of the presentation that includes all major aspects required by the institution.

Quote-Based Research Paper Introduction

This type of introduction is ideal for research papers that rely heavily on quotes to establish their point.

In these cases, quoting the most relevant piece of information is usually necessary because doing so will allow the reader to better understand what your discussion entails.

With that said, remember that every quote you include needs to add something significant and/or novel which hasn’t been covered before – otherwise it won’t be worth including in your paper!

Topic: International Student Success at the University Level

Shakespeare once said that “A rose by any other name would smell as sweet.” This line from Romeo and Juliet suggests that names don’t matter. Similarly, the fact that someone goes to school in a certain country does not affect the quality of education. Yet research has shown that international students perform worse academically than domestic ones in American colleges and universities. So, the question becomes: How do we foster success among international students? It is possible that differences in culture and socialization contribute to the observed gaps in academic achievement. Given that, our next step should be to examine the challenges faced by international students in an effort to find effective ways of addressing these challenges.

Topic: The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health

As Mark Twain once said, “Comparison is the death of joy.” In today’s world, social media platforms provide us with countless opportunities to compare our lives to those of others, often leading to feelings of inadequacy, anxiety, and depression. Research has shown that excessive social media use can have a negative impact on mental health, particularly among young adults. Given the increasing prevalence of social media in our daily lives, it’s important to explore this topic in more depth and understand the ways in which social media use can impact mental health outcomes.

Surprising Fact-based Introductions

A surprising fact-based introduction works well with scientific or medical topics where there is surprising new evidence that directly impacts how people view a certain issue. In such cases, it’s often necessary to give some background on what exactly is at stake in order to highlight why it’s important and relevant. Following that, you can introduce the key findings and what they mean.

Topic: The relationship between caffeine and weight loss

Caffeine is a well-known stimulant, which is consumed by millions of people on a daily basis in the form of coffee, tea, energy drinks, or pills. Although it’s unclear how much caffeine is too much for an individual to consume each day, it’s commonly believed that the positive effects of caffeine are canceled out by the increased appetite that results from drinking caffeinated beverages. But did you know that caffeine might actually help you lose weight?! Recent research conducted by a team of investigators from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that the more caffeine an individual consumes, the lower their risk for obesity. That’s right: while it may sound counterintuitive, having one or two cups of coffee per day could actually decrease your chances of becoming overweight or obese.

Topic: The Benefits of Napping on Memory Retention

Did you know that a short nap can help boost your memory retention by up to 30%? Most people think of napping as something reserved for children or lazy adults, but recent research has shown that a short nap can actually be beneficial for cognitive function, particularly in regard to memory. In today’s fast-paced world, we often prioritize productivity over rest, but the science behind napping suggests that we should be doing the opposite. In this paper, we will explore the benefits of napping on memory retention and discuss how individuals and organizations can incorporate napping into their daily routines for optimal cognitive performance.

Explanatory research paper introductions

These types of research paper introductions are used when you’re introducing a new concept or idea that requires the audience to have knowledge of basic facts in order to follow along.

In this case, it’s critical that you provide the necessary background information and then follow up with a statement about why the rest of the research is interesting and/or relevant.

For example, you might say that the paper discusses a recent study on mindfulness and meditation.

In order to fully grasp the research and the claims being made, it’s necessary to first understand what mindfulness is and why it’s relevant. The following paragraphs would therefore serve as an introduction to both topics.

Topic: Mindfulness

Mindfulness is a mental state achieved by focusing one’s awareness on the present moment, while calmly acknowledging and accepting one’s feelings, thoughts, and bodily sensations. Regular practice of mindfulness can be highly beneficial to both mental and physical health. There are many different techniques for practicing mindfulness: Mindful walking, sitting with an open mind, eating without distractions, listening deeply to others, or simply noticing what you see in your environment. What’s most important is that you develop the ability to pay attention in a way that helps you connect with yourself and the world around you. And just like anything else, mindfulness takes practice. The best way to get started is by taking part in a course or program offered at your local community center, hospital, or online.

Topic: The Effectiveness of Online Learning in Higher Education

As more and more students turn to online learning to pursue their higher education, questions have arisen regarding the effectiveness of this type of education. While online learning offers a number of benefits, such as flexibility and convenience, it also presents unique challenges, including the lack of face-to-face interaction with instructors and classmates. This research paper aims to examine the effectiveness of online learning in higher education and compare it to traditional classroom-based learning. By conducting a literature review and analyzing data from surveys and interviews with students and instructors, this paper seeks to identify the advantages and disadvantages of online learning and provide recommendations for improving its effectiveness.

Narration-based paper introductions

This type of research paper introduction is used when you’re discussing a topic or event in detail.

You could talk about why it’s important, explain what happened and how it relates to your larger point, summarize what happened (as with a timeline), or present an example to prove your thesis.

Whatever you choose, it’s imperative that you make your readers want to keep reading.

This is done by telling a compelling story, using storytelling elements such as tension and conflict, or painting a vivid picture of the scene with sensory details.

Topic: The impact of stress on memory and learning

It’s well known that stress can impair our ability to learn new things, but it also has an impact on our memories. Well, I have first-hand experience with this. The night before my midterm, I had a major fight with my partner. This was one of the worst arguments we’ve ever had and it went on for hours. Needless to say, it stressed me out and there’s no doubt that it hurt my performance on the test. The funny thing is that in the days following the argument, my partner and I were able to clear everything up, so now we’re good again. But this experience taught me one very important lesson: the impact of stress on memory and learning might seem negligible but it can actually have a long-term impact on academic performance.

Topic: The Effects of Social Media on Mental Health

As I sit here scrolling through my Instagram feed, I can’t help but feel a sense of envy and inadequacy wash over me. The seemingly perfect lives of influencers and friends alike are on full display, leaving me to question why I don’t have the same level of success and happiness. It’s no secret that social media has become a ubiquitous part of our daily lives, with billions of people using platforms like Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter to connect with others and share their lives. But what are the effects of this constant exposure to other people’s carefully curated images and narratives? Are we putting ourselves at risk for developing mental health issues like anxiety and depression? In this paper, I will explore the research that has been done on the topic of social media and mental health, examining both the positive and negative effects that social media can have on our psychological well-being. By the end of this paper, you will have a better understanding of how social media impacts mental health and what steps we can take to mitigate its negative effects.

Teaser-based research paper introductions

The most common types of research paper introductions are teasers.

This simply means that your first sentence is a hook: something to grab your reader’s attention and make them want to read more.

One way to create a compelling teaser is by addressing an interesting question or controversial topic, such as “Why do some people succeed and others fail?”

Another approach is to pose a problem that you plan to solve.

Here are examples of a teaser-based research paper introduction.

Topic: Why do some people succeed and others fail?

Failure is a part of life. We all fail at one time or another, it’s just something that happens. But why do some people fail more than others? And what about people who never seem to fail? You see them every day, they are in your office and everywhere else you go. These people always seem to be successful and highly driven. How do they do it? This is a question that has puzzled psychologists and other social scientists for years. In the past, a lot of psychologists believed that success was due to differences in abilities and intelligence. Others said it depended on luck. Still, others believed that family background determined whether someone succeeded or not. As you can imagine, these explanations led to considerable debate and disagreement among scholars.

Topic: The Future of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Are we on the cusp of a revolution in healthcare? With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), the answer might just be yes. From machine learning algorithms that can identify diseases faster and more accurately than humans to chatbots that can answer patient questions 24/7, AI is poised to transform every aspect of healthcare. But as with any technology, there are risks and challenges that must be addressed. In this paper, we’ll explore the ways in which AI is being used in healthcare today and the potential implications for patients, doctors, and the healthcare industry as a whole. Buckle up, because the future is here, and it’s powered by AI.

Final Remarks

Crafting an effective research paper introduction can be challenging, but with the right approach and attention to detail, you can create an introduction that captures the reader’s attention and sets the stage for the rest of the paper.

Whether you choose a general introduction, a quote-based introduction, a surprising fact-based introduction, or an anecdotal introduction, be sure to clearly state your topic and thesis, provide background information, and engage your readers in meaning.

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• How to write an essay introduction | 4 steps & examples

How to Write an Essay Introduction | 4 Steps & Examples

Published on February 4, 2019 by Shona McCombes . Revised on September 14, 2022.

A good introduction paragraph is an essential part of any academic essay . It sets up your argument and tells the reader what to expect.

The main goals of an introduction are to:

• Catch your reader’s attention.
• Give background on your topic.
• Present your thesis statement —the central point of your essay.

This introduction example is taken from our interactive essay example on the history of Braille.

The invention of Braille was a major turning point in the history of disability. The writing system of raised dots used by visually impaired people was developed by Louis Braille in nineteenth-century France. In a society that did not value disabled people in general, blindness was particularly stigmatized, and lack of access to reading and writing was a significant barrier to social participation. The idea of tactile reading was not entirely new, but existing methods based on sighted systems were difficult to learn and use. As the first writing system designed for blind people’s needs, Braille was a groundbreaking new accessibility tool. It not only provided practical benefits, but also helped change the cultural status of blindness. This essay begins by discussing the situation of blind people in nineteenth-century Europe. It then describes the invention of Braille and the gradual process of its acceptance within blind education. Subsequently, it explores the wide-ranging effects of this invention on blind people’s social and cultural lives.

Table of contents

Step 1: hook your reader, step 2: give background information, step 3: present your thesis statement, step 4: map your essay’s structure, step 5: check and revise, more examples of essay introductions, frequently asked questions about the essay introduction.

Your first sentence sets the tone for the whole essay, so spend some time on writing an effective hook.

Avoid long, dense sentences—start with something clear, concise and catchy that will spark your reader’s curiosity.

The hook should lead the reader into your essay, giving a sense of the topic you’re writing about and why it’s interesting. Avoid overly broad claims or plain statements of fact.

Examples: Writing a good hook

Take a look at these examples of weak hooks and learn how to improve them.

• Braille was an extremely important invention.
• The invention of Braille was a major turning point in the history of disability.

The first sentence is a dry fact; the second sentence is more interesting, making a bold claim about exactly  why the topic is important.

• The internet is defined as “a global computer network providing a variety of information and communication facilities.”
• The spread of the internet has had a world-changing effect, not least on the world of education.

Avoid using a dictionary definition as your hook, especially if it’s an obvious term that everyone knows. The improved example here is still broad, but it gives us a much clearer sense of what the essay will be about.

• Mary Shelley’s  Frankenstein is a famous book from the nineteenth century.
• Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is often read as a crude cautionary tale about the dangers of scientific advancement.

Instead of just stating a fact that the reader already knows, the improved hook here tells us about the mainstream interpretation of the book, implying that this essay will offer a different interpretation.

Next, give your reader the context they need to understand your topic and argument. Depending on the subject of your essay, this might include:

• Historical, geographical, or social context
• An outline of the debate you’re addressing
• A summary of relevant theories or research about the topic
• Definitions of key terms

The information here should be broad but clearly focused and relevant to your argument. Don’t give too much detail—you can mention points that you will return to later, but save your evidence and interpretation for the main body of the essay.

How much space you need for background depends on your topic and the scope of your essay. In our Braille example, we take a few sentences to introduce the topic and sketch the social context that the essay will address:

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Now it’s time to narrow your focus and show exactly what you want to say about the topic. This is your thesis statement —a sentence or two that sums up your overall argument.

This is the most important part of your introduction. A  good thesis isn’t just a statement of fact, but a claim that requires evidence and explanation.

The goal is to clearly convey your own position in a debate or your central point about a topic.

Particularly in longer essays, it’s helpful to end the introduction by signposting what will be covered in each part. Keep it concise and give your reader a clear sense of the direction your argument will take.

As you research and write, your argument might change focus or direction as you learn more.

For this reason, it’s often a good idea to wait until later in the writing process before you write the introduction paragraph—it can even be the very last thing you write.

When you’ve finished writing the essay body and conclusion , you should return to the introduction and check that it matches the content of the essay.

It’s especially important to make sure your thesis statement accurately represents what you do in the essay. If your argument has gone in a different direction than planned, tweak your thesis statement to match what you actually say.

You can use the checklist below to make sure your introduction does everything it’s supposed to.

Checklist: Essay introduction

My first sentence is engaging and relevant.

I have introduced the topic with necessary background information.

I have defined any important terms.

My thesis statement clearly presents my main point or argument.

Everything in the introduction is relevant to the main body of the essay.

You have a strong introduction - now make sure the rest of your essay is just as good.

• Argumentative
• Literary analysis

This introduction to an argumentative essay sets up the debate about the internet and education, and then clearly states the position the essay will argue for.

The spread of the internet has had a world-changing effect, not least on the world of education. The use of the internet in academic contexts is on the rise, and its role in learning is hotly debated. For many teachers who did not grow up with this technology, its effects seem alarming and potentially harmful. This concern, while understandable, is misguided. The negatives of internet use are outweighed by its critical benefits for students and educators—as a uniquely comprehensive and accessible information source; a means of exposure to and engagement with different perspectives; and a highly flexible learning environment.

This introduction to a short expository essay leads into the topic (the invention of the printing press) and states the main point the essay will explain (the effect of this invention on European society).

In many ways, the invention of the printing press marked the end of the Middle Ages. The medieval period in Europe is often remembered as a time of intellectual and political stagnation. Prior to the Renaissance, the average person had very limited access to books and was unlikely to be literate. The invention of the printing press in the 15th century allowed for much less restricted circulation of information in Europe, paving the way for the Reformation.

This introduction to a literary analysis essay , about Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein , starts by describing a simplistic popular view of the story, and then states how the author will give a more complex analysis of the text’s literary devices.

Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is often read as a crude cautionary tale. Arguably the first science fiction novel, its plot can be read as a warning about the dangers of scientific advancement unrestrained by ethical considerations. In this reading, and in popular culture representations of the character as a “mad scientist”, Victor Frankenstein represents the callous, arrogant ambition of modern science. However, far from providing a stable image of the character, Shelley uses shifting narrative perspectives to gradually transform our impression of Frankenstein, portraying him in an increasingly negative light as the novel goes on. While he initially appears to be a naive but sympathetic idealist, after the creature’s narrative Frankenstein begins to resemble—even in his own telling—the thoughtlessly cruel figure the creature represents him as.

Your essay introduction should include three main things, in this order:

• An opening hook to catch the reader’s attention.
• Relevant background information that the reader needs to know.
• A thesis statement that presents your main point or argument.

The length of each part depends on the length and complexity of your essay .

The “hook” is the first sentence of your essay introduction . It should lead the reader into your essay, giving a sense of why it’s interesting.

To write a good hook, avoid overly broad statements or long, dense sentences. Try to start with something clear, concise and catchy that will spark your reader’s curiosity.

A thesis statement is a sentence that sums up the central point of your paper or essay . Everything else you write should relate to this key idea.

The thesis statement is essential in any academic essay or research paper for two main reasons:

• It gives your writing direction and focus.
• It gives the reader a concise summary of your main point.

Without a clear thesis statement, an essay can end up rambling and unfocused, leaving your reader unsure of exactly what you want to say.

The structure of an essay is divided into an introduction that presents your topic and thesis statement , a body containing your in-depth analysis and arguments, and a conclusion wrapping up your ideas.

The structure of the body is flexible, but you should always spend some time thinking about how you can organize your essay to best serve your ideas.

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Home » Research Paper Introduction – Writing Guide and Examples

Research Paper Introduction – Writing Guide and Examples

Table of Contents

Research Paper Introduction

Research paper introduction is the first section of a research paper that provides an overview of the study, its purpose, and the research question (s) or hypothesis (es) being investigated. It typically includes background information about the topic, a review of previous research in the field, and a statement of the research objectives. The introduction is intended to provide the reader with a clear understanding of the research problem, why it is important, and how the study will contribute to existing knowledge in the field. It also sets the tone for the rest of the paper and helps to establish the author’s credibility and expertise on the subject.

How to Write Research Paper Introduction

Writing an introduction for a research paper can be challenging because it sets the tone for the entire paper. Here are some steps to follow to help you write an effective research paper introduction:

• Start with a hook : Begin your introduction with an attention-grabbing statement, a question, or a surprising fact that will make the reader interested in reading further.
• Provide background information: After the hook, provide background information on the topic. This information should give the reader a general idea of what the topic is about and why it is important.
• State the research problem: Clearly state the research problem or question that the paper addresses. This should be done in a concise and straightforward manner.
• State the research objectives: After stating the research problem, clearly state the research objectives. This will give the reader an idea of what the paper aims to achieve.
• Provide a brief overview of the paper: At the end of the introduction, provide a brief overview of the paper. This should include a summary of the main points that will be discussed in the paper.
• Revise and refine: Finally, revise and refine your introduction to ensure that it is clear, concise, and engaging.

Structure of Research Paper Introduction

The following is a typical structure for a research paper introduction:

• Background Information: This section provides an overview of the topic of the research paper, including relevant background information and any previous research that has been done on the topic. It helps to give the reader a sense of the context for the study.
• Problem Statement: This section identifies the specific problem or issue that the research paper is addressing. It should be clear and concise, and it should articulate the gap in knowledge that the study aims to fill.
• Research Question/Hypothesis : This section states the research question or hypothesis that the study aims to answer. It should be specific and focused, and it should clearly connect to the problem statement.
• Significance of the Study: This section explains why the research is important and what the potential implications of the study are. It should highlight the contribution that the research makes to the field.
• Methodology: This section describes the research methods that were used to conduct the study. It should be detailed enough to allow the reader to understand how the study was conducted and to evaluate the validity of the results.
• Organization of the Paper : This section provides a brief overview of the structure of the research paper. It should give the reader a sense of what to expect in each section of the paper.

Research Paper Introduction Examples

Research Paper Introduction Examples could be:

Example 1: In recent years, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly prevalent in various industries, including healthcare. AI algorithms are being developed to assist with medical diagnoses, treatment recommendations, and patient monitoring. However, as the use of AI in healthcare grows, ethical concerns regarding privacy, bias, and accountability have emerged. This paper aims to explore the ethical implications of AI in healthcare and propose recommendations for addressing these concerns.

Example 2: Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing our planet today. The increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has resulted in rising temperatures, changing weather patterns, and other environmental impacts. In this paper, we will review the scientific evidence on climate change, discuss the potential consequences of inaction, and propose solutions for mitigating its effects.

Example 3: The rise of social media has transformed the way we communicate and interact with each other. While social media platforms offer many benefits, including increased connectivity and access to information, they also present numerous challenges. In this paper, we will examine the impact of social media on mental health, privacy, and democracy, and propose solutions for addressing these issues.

Example 4: The use of renewable energy sources has become increasingly important in the face of climate change and environmental degradation. While renewable energy technologies offer many benefits, including reduced greenhouse gas emissions and energy independence, they also present numerous challenges. In this paper, we will assess the current state of renewable energy technology, discuss the economic and political barriers to its adoption, and propose solutions for promoting the widespread use of renewable energy.

Purpose of Research Paper Introduction

The introduction section of a research paper serves several important purposes, including:

• Providing context: The introduction should give readers a general understanding of the topic, including its background, significance, and relevance to the field.
• Presenting the research question or problem: The introduction should clearly state the research question or problem that the paper aims to address. This helps readers understand the purpose of the study and what the author hopes to accomplish.
• Reviewing the literature: The introduction should summarize the current state of knowledge on the topic, highlighting the gaps and limitations in existing research. This shows readers why the study is important and necessary.
• Outlining the scope and objectives of the study: The introduction should describe the scope and objectives of the study, including what aspects of the topic will be covered, what data will be collected, and what methods will be used.
• Previewing the main findings and conclusions : The introduction should provide a brief overview of the main findings and conclusions that the study will present. This helps readers anticipate what they can expect to learn from the paper.

When to Write Research Paper Introduction

The introduction of a research paper is typically written after the research has been conducted and the data has been analyzed. This is because the introduction should provide an overview of the research problem, the purpose of the study, and the research questions or hypotheses that will be investigated.

Once you have a clear understanding of the research problem and the questions that you want to explore, you can begin to write the introduction. It’s important to keep in mind that the introduction should be written in a way that engages the reader and provides a clear rationale for the study. It should also provide context for the research by reviewing relevant literature and explaining how the study fits into the larger field of research.

Advantages of Research Paper Introduction

The introduction of a research paper has several advantages, including:

• Establishing the purpose of the research: The introduction provides an overview of the research problem, question, or hypothesis, and the objectives of the study. This helps to clarify the purpose of the research and provide a roadmap for the reader to follow.
• Providing background information: The introduction also provides background information on the topic, including a review of relevant literature and research. This helps the reader understand the context of the study and how it fits into the broader field of research.
• Demonstrating the significance of the research: The introduction also explains why the research is important and relevant. This helps the reader understand the value of the study and why it is worth reading.
• Setting expectations: The introduction sets the tone for the rest of the paper and prepares the reader for what is to come. This helps the reader understand what to expect and how to approach the paper.
• Grabbing the reader’s attention: A well-written introduction can grab the reader’s attention and make them interested in reading further. This is important because it can help to keep the reader engaged and motivated to read the rest of the paper.
• Creating a strong first impression: The introduction is the first part of the research paper that the reader will see, and it can create a strong first impression. A well-written introduction can make the reader more likely to take the research seriously and view it as credible.
• Establishing the author’s credibility: The introduction can also establish the author’s credibility as a researcher. By providing a clear and thorough overview of the research problem and relevant literature, the author can demonstrate their expertise and knowledge in the field.
• Providing a structure for the paper: The introduction can also provide a structure for the rest of the paper. By outlining the main sections and sub-sections of the paper, the introduction can help the reader navigate the paper and find the information they are looking for.

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How to Write a Research Paper Introduction-With Examples

The introduction is meant to provide context and tell the reader what you’re going to be talking about, so it must be engaging from the get-go. In this article, we’ll explore a step-by-step guide for writing research paper introductions.

Research papers are typically assigned in high school or college. Still, they can also be an assignment at work if your company requires certain levels of knowledge on a particular subject before doing any work. A research paper starts with an introduction paragraph that gives background information on the research problem and tells the reader what they will read in the remainder of the document while reflecting on the research paper topic.

Parts of an Introduction of a Research Paper

The introduction of your paper should include the following:

Background information

Begin with a sentence that describes the problem or topic, give context about why it is an important area of research and then end with a thesis statement. The background paragraph should be between three to five sentences long.

Purpose of the research

Give the reader an idea of what you plan to investigate and why it is important. The purpose of the research could be to investigate how a phenomenon occurs or why something happens, but it could also simply be to prove that something is true or false.

A thesis statement tells the reader what you will be discussing in your research paper. It should follow closely to your purpose. This will not be demonstrated until later paragraphs, but it tells the reader what to expect in your paper. The thesis statement should appear at the end of your introduction.

Methods used for this research

Briefly state what methods you intend to use and why they are appropriate.  The reader needs to have a sense of where the research is coming from.

Theoretical framework or literature review

Some papers do not require a theoretical framework while others are built around one. If you are reviewing previous research, state so here and list both its contributions and limitations. What questions remain unanswered? The Literature Review should also consist of three to five sentences.

Significance of the research

The importance of the research should be apparent to the reader at this point. This is also where you can indicate possible uses for your findings or how it fits into existing research.

Limitations of your study

Limitations could include the possibility that your data is not conclusive, or that your results cannot be generalized to a larger population than the sample tested in this experiment. Keep it relevant and succinct because if this section becomes too long the reader might lose interest.

How to Write a Research Paper Introduction – Step by Step Guide

Step 1: Start with a hook

The purpose of the hook is to get your reader’s attention. There are different approaches you can take when it comes to a hook. One approach is asking the reader an intriguing question, such as, “Can robots dream when they are turned off?” It would be difficult for anyone not to want to read about this question more in-depth and put your paper on hold until they do so.

Other hooks can be statistics that most people may not know, a quote by someone famous, or even a statistic. If you have some exciting data on the subject of your paper and can do an effective job explaining why this is important to the reader, then you may hook them into reading more in-depth about your topic.

Step 2: Give context

After you catch your reader’s attention with a hook or an interesting question, you must continue by providing enough context for the information in your paper to make sense.

For example, if your paper was on how a robot may dream, you might start with:

“Research suggests that robots can create images in their minds when they are turned off. In this state, when the robot’s sensors evaluate whether or not it is receiving input from its environment, the data received by these sensors is what the robot creates in its mind. This can be compared to how when we sleep, our brains create images and memories based on the input that we receive from our senses.”

Step 3: Provide a thesis statement

After you hook the reader in with context, it is important to tell them what will happen or what your paper will be talking about in the remainder of the paper. This is a thesis statement.

Thesis statements are the main argument or point that your research paper will be about. Students often make the following mistakes while defining their thesis statements:

– Making the main argument too broad. For example, in the paper about robots and dreaming when turned off (electric sleep), a thesis statement such as “robots have dreams” would be very vague and difficult to work with because it is not specific.

– Making a weak claim or statement that an opposing point of view can easily refute.

– Making the argument too narrow or too specific. Let us take, for example, the following thesis statement “robots often have dreams during the electrical sleep because their sensors are not receiving input while turned off, and this is similar to creating images when we sleep.” This statement would be difficult to work with because it’s very specific and nuanced.

To determine the best thesis statement, it is necessary to consider what is going on in the world in terms of research and news. For example, robotics has been a popular topic lately, so writing about robots may not be as hard as five or ten years ago because there will be more awareness about the subject.

Step 4: Tie everything together/Concluding

After you have hooked the reader into your research paper, provided them with context and a thesis statement, supported your argument in the body paragraphs, it is important to tie everything together in conclusion.

For example, after discussing that robots can potentially dream in their off time when they’re not receiving input from their environment, you might conclude with:

“So how does this relate to humans? When we sleep at night and our eyes are closed, our brains create images in our minds that reflect what our senses pick up. Some people believe that dreams can predict the future, which sounds like a phenomenon similar to robots dreaming. Although, since humans are constantly receiving sensory input from their environment throughout the day, it will be difficult for dreams to predict the future, this is something that we can look forward to learning more about as technology advances.”

Examples of an Introduction to a Research Paper

“Many factors affect the resiliency of a person. One factor that is often overlooked, but an important predictor of resiliency and personal growth after trauma, is optimism. Previous literature has found that those with high levels of optimism recover faster and better from traumatic events. While it is accepted that survivors of trauma who are more optimistic recover faster and better than those who are not, the question remains: How does optimism influence resilience? And how can we train people to become more optimistic so they will be resilient after a traumatic event?

We have conducted a study about the relationship between optimism, resilience, and posttraumatic growth. While this is a relatively new research area in psychology, we hope to contribute to the current knowledge of how optimism influences resiliency after trauma. Our focus has been on using group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to increase optimism in survivors of traumatic events through teaching them to reframe their thoughts.”

Introduction example 2

“According to the National Association of School Psychologists, “Educators from pre-K through college spend a great deal of time and effort helping students cope with stress” (NASP, 2017). In an attempt to reduce academic anxiety among students, teachers have been utilizing mindfulness training as a form of coping. However, there is a lack of quantitative research that validates these strategies as effective means to reduce stress among students. Therefore, our study examined the effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction versus cognitive restructuring on anxiety in college students with high academic achievement.

We hypothesized that both interventions would significantly reduce participants’ anxiety levels; however, the magnitude would be larger for students in the mindfulness-based stress reduction condition. Our findings did not support our hypothesis; both interventions were successful at reducing anxiety levels of participants, but there was no significant difference based on intervention type.”

Introduction example 3

“Cancer is a complex disease and has been the focus of much research in the past decade. Previous findings have shown that people diagnosed with cancer go through many psychological changes, such as shock, fear, anxiety, anger and depression. The literature suggests that cancer patients show higher levels of resilience than other patient groups. However, this research often focuses on patients with breast cancer and the long-term effects of chemotherapy.

There is a lack of literature investigating the type or level of support provided to children diagnosed with cancer and how they cope with the stress and anxiety associated with their disease. Therefore, we have conducted a study that investigates the resilience and coping strategies used by children diagnosed with cancer. Specifically, we wanted to know if there were any differences between boys and girls and the types of support they receive from family or friends during their cancer treatment.

Even though our studies are small, they are important in informing researchers and health professionals about the resilience of children diagnosed with cancer. By providing information on how resilient these patients are, we can better inform family members or friends how to help these kids cope during their treatment.”

Mistakes to Avoid while Crafting a Research Paper Introduction:

1. Do not use pronouns- In general, avoid using any pronoun (such as I/me/my) in the first sentence of your introduction. This is because you want to keep the focus on your paper topic and not yourself. You can refer back to yourself later once you have provided context for the reader about what you’re writing about.

2. Don’t introduce yourself- While you wouldn’t want to use pronouns in the first sentence, there is no need to give a complete introduction about yourself (such as saying where you’re from) in your introduction, either. The reader can learn more about you later when you discuss the topic at hand.

3. Avoid using quotes- It is best to avoid using quotes within your introduction because quotes tend to be distracting for the reader. If you choose to use a quote, make sure that it directly relates to your paper’s thesis statement and further supports what you’re trying to say.

4. Stay away from rambling- The beginning of your paper should be short and engaging, i.e., just a few sentences. Start with a basic statement that summarizes your entire paper’s thesis statement and catches the reader’s attention. You can go into more detail later on, but your introduction should be able to stand on its own without the need for any further explanation

5. Avoid being vague- After providing context and giving a brief overview of your topic, it is important to be specific with your thesis statement so that the reader knows exactly what you will be discussing. A vague thesis will only result in a confusing introduction and won’t help hook the reader into reading further.

6. Don’t use difficult words- If you want to impress your teacher or professor, try not to use any difficult words in your intro. This can result in the reader not understanding what you’re saying and then quickly leaving (which defeats the purpose of writing a good introductory paragraph).

These are all examples of good research paper introduction paragraphs because they’re engaging and helpful to the reader. If your intro doesn’t do either of those things, then you’ll probably want to re-evaluate what you’ve written and maybe look for some new material to work with. The key to good research paper writing is getting the reader interested in what you have to say, and a great way of doing that is by using engaging introductory sentences

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Microsoft 365 Life Hacks > Writing > How to write an introduction for a research paper

How to write an introduction for a research paper

Beginnings are hard. Beginning a research paper is no exception. Many students—and pros—struggle with how to write an introduction for a research paper.

This short guide will describe the purpose of a research paper introduction and how to create a good one.

What is an introduction for a research paper?

Introductions to research papers do a lot of work.

It may seem obvious, but introductions are always placed at the beginning of a paper. They guide your reader from a general subject area to the narrow topic that your paper covers. They also explain your paper’s:

• Scope: The topic you’ll be covering
• Context: The background of your topic
• Importance: Why your research matters in the context of an industry or the world

Your introduction will cover a lot of ground. However, it will only be half of a page to a few pages long. The length depends on the size of your paper as a whole. In many cases, the introduction will be shorter than all of the other sections of your paper.

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Why is an introduction vital to a research paper?

The introduction to your research paper isn’t just important. It’s critical.

Your readers don’t know what your research paper is about from the title. That’s where your introduction comes in. A good introduction will:

• Help your reader understand your topic’s background
• Explain why your research paper is worth reading
• Offer a guide for navigating the rest of the piece
• Pique your reader’s interest

Without a clear introduction, your readers will struggle. They may feel confused when they start reading your paper. They might even give up entirely. Your introduction will ground them and prepare them for the in-depth research to come.

What should you include in an introduction for a research paper?

Research paper introductions are always unique. After all, research is original by definition. However, they often contain six essential items. These are:

• An overview of the topic. Start with a general overview of your topic. Narrow the overview until you address your paper’s specific subject. Then, mention questions or concerns you had about the case. Note that you will address them in the publication.
• Prior research. Your introduction is the place to review other conclusions on your topic. Include both older scholars and modern scholars. This background information shows that you are aware of prior research. It also introduces past findings to those who might not have that expertise.
• A rationale for your paper. Explain why your topic needs to be addressed right now. If applicable, connect it to current issues. Additionally, you can show a problem with former theories or reveal a gap in current research. No matter how you do it, a good rationale will interest your readers and demonstrate why they must read the rest of your paper.
• Describe the methodology you used. Recount your processes to make your paper more credible. Lay out your goal and the questions you will address. Reveal how you conducted research and describe how you measured results. Moreover, explain why you made key choices.
• A thesis statement. Your main introduction should end with a thesis statement. This statement summarizes the ideas that will run through your entire research article. It should be straightforward and clear.
• An outline. Introductions often conclude with an outline. Your layout should quickly review what you intend to cover in the following sections. Think of it as a roadmap, guiding your reader to the end of your paper.

These six items are emphasized more or less, depending on your field. For example, a physics research paper might emphasize methodology. An English journal article might highlight the overview.

Three tips for writing your introduction

We don’t just want you to learn how to write an introduction for a research paper. We want you to learn how to make it shine.

There are three things you can do that will make it easier to write a great introduction. You can:

• Write your introduction last. An introduction summarizes all of the things you’ve learned from your research. While it can feel good to get your preface done quickly, you should write the rest of your paper first. Then, you’ll find it easy to create a clear overview.
• Include a strong quotation or story upfront. You want your paper to be full of substance. But that doesn’t mean it should feel boring or flat. Add a relevant quotation or surprising anecdote to the beginning of your introduction. This technique will pique the interest of your reader and leave them wanting more.
• Be concise. Research papers cover complex topics. To help your readers, try to write as clearly as possible. Use concise sentences. Check for confusing grammar or syntax . Read your introduction out loud to catch awkward phrases. Before you finish your paper, be sure to proofread, too. Mistakes can seem unprofessional.

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• A Research Guide
• Research Paper Guide

Research Paper Body Paragraph Structure

The main goal of a research paper is to provide an unbiased interpretation of results based on empirical evidence. The research paper’s body paragraph is the basic building block. It helps clarify the paper’s purpose and establish the overall argument.

The critical question is, how to make a body paragraph, provide a concise flow to your thoughts? Let’s find that out!

Learning the basics of a paragraph structure

Academic writing involves arranging your thoughts in a clear structure. It’s critical to include the following parts in your research paper:

• Title (cover page).
• Introduction.
• Literature review.
• Research methodology.
• Data analysis.
• Conclusion.
• Reference page.

A primary research paper involves writing body paragraphs to effectively communicate the study’s purpose, methods, results, and conclusions. While there may be some variations depending on the discipline and journal guidelines, the following paragraph structure is commonly used:

Introduction

The body of research paper sets the stage. It begins with a broad opening statement that captures the reader’s attention and provides context for the study. It’s usually followed by a concise background overview that outlines the research problem or question, highlights its significance, and identifies any existing gaps in knowledge.

The paragraph ends with the research objective or purpose statement, which clearly states the aim of the study.

The methods paragraph describes the research design, procedures, and materials used to conduct the study. It begins by stating the research approach (qualitative, quantitative, mixed methods, etc.) and provides a brief rationale for the chosen course.

To write a body paragraph, you must provide a detailed explanation of data collection methods, including information about participants, sample size, data sources, and data collection instruments or techniques. Additionally, any statistical or analytical methods employed in the study are mentioned.

The results paragraph presents the findings of the research. It begins by concisely summarizing the key results. It is typically followed by a more detailed explanation of the findings, often using statistical data, tables, or figures to support the presented information.

Focusing on the most relevant and significant results is essential for the body, highlighting patterns, trends, or relationships observed.

The discussion paragraph interprets and analyzes the results in the context of the research question and previous literature. It starts by restating the research question or objective and then provides an in-depth interpretation of the findings.

The research paper paragraph structure also includes comparing the results with existing theories or studies, addressing any discrepancies, and offering explanations or possible reasons for the observed outcomes. The study’s limitations are acknowledged, and suggestions for future research are often included.

The concluding paragraph summarizes the study’s main findings and restates their significance to the research question. It emphasizes the study’s contribution to the field and may include implications or recommendations based on the findings.

The best conclusion is clear, highlighting the research objectives stated in the introduction.

The last part of a research paper paragraph structure is the reference list. All the sources cited within the paper are listed in a specific citation style (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago). It is essential to follow the journal or institution’s formatting guidelines to ensure accuracy and consistency in the reference list.

It’s worth noting that the paragraph structure outlined above is a general guideline and may vary based on the specific requirements of the research paper and the discipline peculiarities. Additionally, longer research papers may have multiple paragraphs within each body section to provide a more detailed and nuanced discussion of the study.

5 winning ways to start a body paragraph

Starting each body paragraph clearly and engagingly is crucial when writing a research paper. Here are some practical ways to start off a paragraph and captivate your readers:

• Topic Sentence : it should provide a clear focus and introduce the specific aspect you will discuss. For example, “One key factor influencing climate change is…”.
• Opening Statement: grab your readers’ attention with a thought-provoking or surprising statement related to your topic. For instance, “The alarming increase in global temperatures has reached a critical point, demanding immediate action.”
• Quotation: find a relevant quote from a reputable source. It won’t only add credibility to your research but will also engage the reader right from the start.
• Anecdote or example: start your academic paragraph with a funny story or a real-world example that illustrates the significance of your research topic.
• Background information : provide a brief background or context for the topic you are about to discuss. For example, “In recent years, the prevalence of cyber-attacks has skyrocketed, posing a severe threat to individuals, organizations, and even national security.”

To begin a body paragraph effectively, you must grab the reader’s attention and distribute the purpose of the upcoming content. By employing these strategies, you can create engaging and informative paragraphs that keep your readers hooked throughout your research paper.

A step-by-step guide to starting a concise body paragraph

A body paragraph is essential for effectively presenting your research findings and supporting your main argument in a research paper. Here’s a step-by-step body paragraph template to help you craft a strong body:

Step 1: Introduce the main point or argument.

Start the body with a clear topic sentence introducing the main point or argument you will discuss. This sentence should relate directly to your research question or thesis statement and provide a focus for the paragraph.

Step 2: Provide Evidence or Examples.

Present evidence or examples to ensure a robust body paragraph format. It can include data, statistics, quotes from experts or primary sources, or specific examples from your research. Be sure to cite your sources according to the required citation style properly.

Step 3: Explain and Analyze.

After presenting the evidence or examples, explain their significance and relevance to your main argument. Analyze the information and demonstrate how it supports or strengthens your point. Provide explanations, separate interpretations, or connections to previous research or theories.

Step 4: Connect to the Main Argument.

Connect the evidence or examples back to your main argument or thesis statement. Explain how the information in the paragraph contributes to the overall understanding or support of your research question or thesis. It helps maintain the coherence and logical flow of your academic section and the paper.

Step 5: Review and Revise.

After writing the body paragraph, review it for clarity, coherence, and logical progression of ideas. Ensure that the section effectively supports your main argument and contributes to the overall flow of your research paper. Revise to improve the paragraph’s structure, language, and organization.

Flawless body paragraph example: how does it look?

Here’s an example of a research paper body paragraph highlighting the effects of climate change:

• Topic Sentence: Rising global temperatures have significant implications for ecosystems and biodiversity.
• Evidence/Example 1: According to a study by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), global average temperatures have increased by 1.1 degrees Celsius since pre-industrial times (IPCC, 2021). This temperature rise has led to melting polar ice caps and glaciers, rising sea levels, and coastal erosion (Smith et al., 2019).
• Explanation/Analysis 1: The significant increase in global temperatures has caused observable changes in the Earth’s physical environment. The melting of polar ice caps not only contributes to the rise in sea levels but also disrupts marine ecosystems.
• Evidence/Example 2: In addition to the loss of coastal habitats, higher temperatures have also resulted in shifts in the geographical distribution of species. Research by Parmesan and Yohe (2019) indicates that many plant and animal species have altered their ranges and migration patterns in response to changing climate conditions.
• Explanation/Analysis 2: The observed shifts in species distribution highlight the vulnerability of ecosystems to climate change. As temperature zone modification, species that cannot adapt or migrate to suitable habitats may face reduced reproductive success and increased risk of extinction.
• Connect to the main argument: These examples demonstrate that the rising global temperatures associated with climate change have profound implications for ecosystems and biodiversity.

Note: This example provides a simplified representation of how to create a body paragraph for illustrative purposes. In an actual research paper, you would include more comprehensive and specific information and appropriate citations to support your claims.

The bottom line

To write a good body paragraph, you must follow its structure. Begin with a clear topic sentence that states the main point. Provide evidence or examples to support your argument, and explain their significance about your main idea. Connect the evidence back to your thesis statement and address any counterarguments.

Ensure a smooth transition to the next paragraph. Review and revise the paragraph for clarity, coherence, and logical progression of ideas. By incorporating these elements, you can create a well-developed and cohesive body paragraph that will effectively support your main argument.

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How to Write a Research Introduction

Last Updated: November 21, 2022 References Approved

This article was co-authored by Megan Morgan, PhD . Megan Morgan is a Graduate Program Academic Advisor in the School of Public & International Affairs at the University of Georgia. She earned her PhD in English from the University of Georgia in 2015. There are 7 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. wikiHow marks an article as reader-approved once it receives enough positive feedback. This article received 26 testimonials and 84% of readers who voted found it helpful, earning it our reader-approved status. This article has been viewed 2,633,124 times.

The introduction to a research paper can be the most challenging part of the paper to write. The length of the introduction will vary depending on the type of research paper you are writing. An introduction should announce your topic, provide context and a rationale for your work, before stating your research questions and hypothesis. Well-written introductions set the tone for the paper, catch the reader's interest, and communicate the hypothesis or thesis statement.

Introducing the Topic of the Paper

• In scientific papers this is sometimes known as an "inverted triangle", where you start with the broadest material at the start, before zooming in on the specifics. [2] X Research source
• The sentence "Throughout the 20th century, our views of life on other planets have drastically changed" introduces a topic, but does so in broad terms.
• It provides the reader with an indication of the content of the essay and encourages them to read on.

• For example, if you were writing a paper about the behaviour of mice when exposed to a particular substance, you would include the word "mice", and the scientific name of the relevant compound in the first sentences.
• If you were writing a history paper about the impact of the First World War on gender relations in Britain, you should mention those key words in your first few lines.

• This is especially important if you are attempting to develop a new conceptualization that uses language and terminology your readers may be unfamiliar with.

• If you use an anecdote ensure that is short and highly relevant for your research. It has to function in the same way as an alternative opening, namely to announce the topic of your research paper to your reader.
• For example, if you were writing a sociology paper about re-offending rates among young offenders, you could include a brief story of one person whose story reflects and introduces your topic.
• This kind of approach is generally not appropriate for the introduction to a natural or physical sciences research paper where the writing conventions are different.

Establishing the Context for Your Paper

• It is important to be concise in the introduction, so provide an overview on recent developments in the primary research rather than a lengthy discussion.
• You can follow the "inverted triangle" principle to focus in from the broader themes to those to which you are making a direct contribution with your paper.
• A strong literature review presents important background information to your own research and indicates the importance of the field.

• By making clear reference to existing work you can demonstrate explicitly the specific contribution you are making to move the field forward.
• You can identify a gap in the existing scholarship and explain how you are addressing it and moving understanding forward.

• For example, if you are writing a scientific paper you could stress the merits of the experimental approach or models you have used.
• Stress what is novel in your research and the significance of your new approach, but don't give too much detail in the introduction.
• A stated rationale could be something like: "the study evaluates the previously unknown anti-inflammatory effects of a topical compound in order to evaluate its potential clinical uses".

Specifying Your Research Questions and Hypothesis

• The research question or questions generally come towards the end of the introduction, and should be concise and closely focused.
• The research question might recall some of the key words established in the first few sentences and the title of your paper.
• An example of a research question could be "what were the consequences of the North American Free Trade Agreement on the Mexican export economy?"
• This could be honed further to be specific by referring to a particular element of the Free Trade Agreement and the impact on a particular industry in Mexico, such as clothing manufacture.
• A good research question should shape a problem into a testable hypothesis.

• If possible try to avoid using the word "hypothesis" and rather make this implicit in your writing. This can make your writing appear less formulaic.
• In a scientific paper, giving a clear one-sentence overview of your results and their relation to your hypothesis makes the information clear and accessible. [10] X Trustworthy Source PubMed Central Journal archive from the U.S. National Institutes of Health Go to source
• An example of a hypothesis could be "mice deprived of food for the duration of the study were expected to become more lethargic than those fed normally".

• This is not always necessary and you should pay attention to the writing conventions in your discipline.
• In a natural sciences paper, for example, there is a fairly rigid structure which you will be following.
• A humanities or social science paper will most likely present more opportunities to deviate in how you structure your paper.

Research Introduction Help

Community Q&A

• Use your research papers' outline to help you decide what information to include when writing an introduction. ⧼thumbs_response⧽ Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0
• Consider drafting your introduction after you have already completed the rest of your research paper. Writing introductions last can help ensure that you don't leave out any major points. ⧼thumbs_response⧽ Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

• Avoid emotional or sensational introductions; these can create distrust in the reader. ⧼thumbs_response⧽ Helpful 50 Not Helpful 12
• Generally avoid using personal pronouns in your introduction, such as "I," "me," "we," "us," "my," "mine," or "our." ⧼thumbs_response⧽ Helpful 31 Not Helpful 7
• Don't overwhelm the reader with an over-abundance of information. Keep the introduction as concise as possible by saving specific details for the body of your paper. ⧼thumbs_response⧽ Helpful 24 Not Helpful 14

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• ↑ https://library.sacredheart.edu/c.php?g=29803&p=185916
• ↑ https://www.aresearchguide.com/inverted-pyramid-structure-in-writing.html
• ↑ https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/introduction
• ↑ https://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/PlanResearchPaper.html
• ↑ https://dept.writing.wisc.edu/wac/writing-an-introduction-for-a-scientific-paper/
• ↑ https://writing.wisc.edu/handbook/assignments/planresearchpaper/
• ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3178846/

About This Article

To introduce your research paper, use the first 1-2 sentences to describe your general topic, such as “women in World War I.” Include and define keywords, such as “gender relations,” to show your reader where you’re going. Mention previous research into the topic with a phrase like, “Others have studied…”, then transition into what your contribution will be and why it’s necessary. Finally, state the questions that your paper will address and propose your “answer” to them as your thesis statement. For more information from our English Ph.D. co-author about how to craft a strong hypothesis and thesis, keep reading! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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How to Write an Introduction for a Psychology Paper

Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

Emily is a board-certified science editor who has worked with top digital publishing brands like Voices for Biodiversity, Study.com, GoodTherapy, Vox, and Verywell.

• Writing Tips

The purpose of an introduction in a psychology paper is to justify the reasons for writing about your topic. Your goal in this section is to introduce the topic to the reader, provide an overview of previous research on the topic, and identify your own hypothesis . 

Before you begin:

Start Your Psychology Paper Introduction by Researching Your Topic

Search a journal database, such as PsychInfo or ERIC, to find articles on your subject. Once you have located an article, look at the reference section to locate other studies cited in the article. As you take notes from these articles, be sure to write down where you found the information.

A simple note detailing the author's name, journal, and date of publication can help you keep track of sources and avoid plagiarism.

Create a Detailed Outline

This is often one of the most boring and onerous steps, so students tend to skip outlining and go straight to writing. Creating an outline might seem tedious, but it can be an enormous time-saver down the road and will make the writing process much easier. Start by looking over the notes you made during the research process and consider how you want to present all of your ideas and research.

Introduce the Topic

Once you are ready to write your introduction, your first task is to provide a brief description of the research question. What is the experiment or study attempting to demonstrate? What phenomena are you studying? Provide a brief history of your topic and explain how it relates to your current research.

As you are introducing your topic, consider what makes it important. Why should it matter to your reader? The goal of your introduction is not only to let your reader know what your paper is about, but also to justify why it is important for them to learn more.

If your paper tackles a controversial subject and is focused on resolving the issue, it is important to summarize both sides of the controversy in a fair and impartial way. Consider how your paper fits in with the relevant research on the topic.

Summarize Previous Research

The second task of your introduction is to provide a well-rounded summary of previous research that is relevant to your topic. So, before you begin to write this summary, it is important to research your topic thoroughly.

Finding appropriate sources amid thousands of journal articles can be a daunting task, but there are several steps you can take to simplify your research. If you have completed the initial steps of researching and keeping detailed notes, writing your introduction will come much easier.

It is important to give the reader a good overview of the historical context of the issue you are writing about, but do not feel like you have to provide an exhaustive review of the subject. Focus on hitting the main points, and try to include the most relevant studies. You might describe the findings of previous research and then explain how the current study differs or expands upon earlier research.

Provide Your Hypothesis

Once you have summarized the previous research, explain areas where the research is lacking or potentially flawed. What is missing from previous studies on your topic? What research questions have yet to be answered? Your hypothesis should lead to these questions.

At the end of your introduction, offer your hypothesis and describe what you expected to find in your experiment or study.

Tips for Writing Your Psychology Paper Intro

• Use 3x5 inch note cards to write down notes and sources.
• Look in professional psychology journals for examples of introductions.
• Remember to cite your sources.
• Maintain a working bibliography with all of the sources you might use in your final paper. This will make it much easier to prepare your reference section later on.
• Use a copy of the APA style manual to ensure that your introduction and references are in proper APA format .

American Psychological Association. Information Recommended for Inclusion in Manuscripts That Report New Data Collections Regardless of Research Design . Published 2020.

By Kendra Cherry, MSEd Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

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• Essay Database >
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• Essay on Solar Energy

Good Example Of Research Paper On Social Barriers To Renewable Energy

Type of paper: Research Paper

Topic: Solar Energy , Energy , Alternative Energy , Sociology , Society , Fossil Fuels , Renewable Energy , Acceptance

Words: 1500

Published: 05/23/2023

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Introduction

Certain factors such as the need to conserve environmental purity as well as the increasing pressure on fossil fuels have prompted the increased use of alternative sources of fuel, renewable energy to be precise. Renewable energy has been cited as not only cheap to exploit but also the most environmentally friendly sources of energy due to the reduced instances of environmental pollution associated with such energy (Pasqualetti 204). Solar energy, for instance, has been largely exploited globally due to its free availability, especially along the tropics where it is abundant throughout the year. Despite the increased preference of solar energy, there are certain barriers that hinder harnessing and exploitation of solar energy. Such hindrances range from political, social to economic barriers. This paper will thus majorly dwell on some of the inherent social barriers that not only inhibit but also redirect, discourage and even halt major solar energy projects.

In 2011, a resident of California in the United States of America sued his neighbor on claims that the neighbor’s redwood trees prevented him from harnessing maximum solar insolation since their shades covered a significant part of his overhead solar panels (Margolis, and Jarett 43). Since the redwood trees were neither serving as firebreaks nor were they on the boundary, the complainant lost the case and was thus forced to construct an alternative aerial stand for his panels. However, the initial cordial and neighborly relations that existed between the two neighbors ceased, and they continued living in animosity. Even when there was announced power rationing programs and thus subsequent blackouts, the neighbor with the panels could not allow his colleague even to charge a phone at his premises. The case of two neighbors as highlighted above is a typical social barrier that hinders extensive harnessing of solar energy. The harnessing of solar energy has been cited as a source of social conflicts especially when creating open space for installation of solar panels. Tapping solar energy requires free and open space that allows insolation from the sun to reach the solar panels. In shaded regions, therefore, maximum insulation cannot be achieved since the trees block the sun rays and instead, only shades reach the panel. Communal acceptance is another barrier that greatly hinders harnessing of solar energy, majority of the community members have developed a negative attitude towards solar energy. Communal acceptance refers to the willingness of members of society to embrace solar energy projects. Limited communal acceptance of solar energy has been attributed to two major reasons. The initial reason is that the society has not been effectively enlightened on the positives of solar energy as well as the technology behind its harnessing and hence still harbors the ancient notions and perceptions about solar energy. The second reason is that the mega companies that own huge investments in fossil fuels are afraid of losing their fortunes amidst global calls to curb environmental pollution and have thus gone a notch higher to influence the society in their favor. As a result, therefore, most members of society reject solar energy even without justified proofs to substantiate their claims nut rather base their arguments on propaganda and other hearsays. Another social barrier to exploitation of solar energy relates to the nature of the equipment used in harnessing solar energy. For instance, the solar panels are made of toxic metals, among them, mercury, cadmium, and lead. The society has been taught about the dangers of radioactivity, especially about renewable sources of energy such as nuclear. In other words, the entire society fears any source of energy associated with emissions since it is directly related to cancers and other health complications. The fact that solar panels are made of the three toxic metals, therefore, makes them be classified under radioactive material by the illiterate society and thus all efforts are done to shun such substances. In the long run, people, especially those with little knowledge on radioactivity and solar panels, vehemently reject solar energy and subsequently influence other in society to follow suit.

Counter Claims

Social conflicts are part and parcel of any complete society comprising of different personalities with different character traits (Fischer, Jenny and Sunyoung 67). The claim that harnessing of solar energy is a source of social conflicts is only a coining by the antagonists who might be for the continued use of fossil fuels perhaps to safeguard their investments. Despite the dense forest cover in the certain area, solar panels can be erected in such a way that the shades do not affect them at all. For instance, with the current technology, it is possible to produce overhead stands for solar panels that are taller than standard trees height and hence totally avoiding the need to cut down trees so as to create an open area for the panels. This might only require a few meters of additional transmission cables. Similarly, there are regions with sufficient solar insolation which goes to waste day by day. For example, the Sahara desert in Africa has neither trees nor does is it inhabited. Setting up mega solar harnessing station will neither require cutting down trees nor displacing settlements but rather investment policies that will see such like areas turn from useless deserts to profitable sites for harnessing solar energy. Hence, there are numerous solutions to the perceived issue of solar energy harnessing being a source of social conflicts. Solar panels are not radioactive; this is a notion propagated by the antagonist of solar energy. Solar panels have lead, cadmium, and mercury as a constituent element. However, the metals are combined with other chemical constituents that allow them to neither radiate nor dissociate at any point within their lifespan (Huijts, Molin and Linda 528). On the same note, there are crystal clear instructions on how to dispose-off worn out solar panels. Therefore, there is now way in which the mercury or lead contained in the solar panels can be of any harm to the user. Rather than leaving the society to hold onto fallacies and other unjustified perceptions, various governments should embark on sensitization programs aimed at increasing the understanding of the society about the equipment used in harnessing solar energy. Principally, the issue of communal acceptance can only be regarded as a barrier since there are no efforts as at the moment, to enlighten and brief the public about the benefits of operating with an environmentally friendly source of energy (Boboc 484). Fossil fuels have been in existence for an undoubtedly long period. It is even possible that some members of the current generation know of fossil fuels and hydropower as the only sources of energy. Rather than blaming the community for its reluctance to embrace solar energy, there should be efforts to implement practical solar energy projects for the doubting souls to actually confirm. In fact, such practical projects coupled with extensive public awareness and sensitizations are bound to yield tremendous communal acceptance. Sometimes, people reject abstract and theoretical ideas until they confirm to themselves the practicality of such ideas.

As argued in this paper, it is apparent that social barriers play a major role when it comes to migration from the current dependency on fossil fuels towards embracing solar energy as an alternative source of energy. Similarly, social acceptability of solar energy is the inherent factor that determines the adoption and implementation of solar energy as a clean source of fuel. As a result, therefore, there is the need to carry out extensive public awareness and understanding especially on solar energy within the society so as to increase social acceptability. Such efforts should be beefed up by government policies, laws, and regulations that promote the use of solar energy, not only as a source of domestic energy but also for industrial applications to encourage adoption. There is scientific proof that solar energy, alongside other sources of renewable energy, has the potential to supply the current load for up to 70 years. However, this can only be achieved if appropriate strategies and policies are embarked on at an earlier stage like now.

Works Cited

Boboc, Mihaela, et al. "Social and Ethical Challenges Of Using Biomass-A Renewable Energy Source." SEA-Practical Application of Science 12 (2016): 479-484. Fischer, Remco, Jenny Lopez, and Sunyoung Suh. "Barriers and Drivers to Renewable Energy Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa." Journal of Environmental Investing 2.1 (2012). Huijts, Nicole MA, E. J. E. Molin, and Linda Steg. "Psychological factors influencing sustainable energy technology acceptance: A review-based comprehensive framework." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16.1 (2012): 525-531. Jacobson, Mark. “Mark Jacobson: Barriers to 100% Clean Energy Are Social and Political, Not Technical or Economic.” EcoWatch, 20 Nov. 2015, www.ecowatch.com/mark-jacobson-barriers-to-100-clean-energy-are-social-and-political-no-1882122292.html Margolis, Robert, and Jarett Zuboy. "Nontechnical barriers to solar energy use: review of recent literature." 2006, print. Pasqualetti, Martin J. "Social barriers to renewable energy landscapes." Geographical Review 101.2 (2011): 201-223.

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Research Paper Introduction Example: Academic Writing Insight

How to write an introductory paragraph for research paper.

The writing of the research paper is a multi-aspect process. Because this type of academic assignment consists of several parts. If you fail to complete one of the levels, you will fail the whole paper.

Submit instructions, choose a writer, and pay only if satisfied.

Introduction is not a Literal Beginning

As you know, the hardest part is just to begin the paper. And what should do student at the beginning? Not writing an outline. And not working on the introduction. He should make massive research on his topic . You cannot start writing an introduction without having a personal view on the issue that you are going to study. You have to prepare for introduction writing though analyzing facts available online and making notes. If it’s hard to do it yourself, the  online essay help service by Edusson.com will solve this problem instantly!

Why do We Need an Introduction?

The key aim of the introduction is to introduce to the reader the purpose of your research. Just imagine any academic writing starting from the main body section. You cannot pour on the reader your evidence, ideas, and arguments without an explanation of what are you writing about. In the introduction, you must clearly indicate the hypothesis you want to prove or deny. You must explain the necessity of your research, its urgency, and significance for your study, and, finally, hook readers to continue reading it!

What Information Can I Get From my Search for the Introduction?

It depends on the discipline you are writing the research paper on. If your field of study is Humanities, it is likely that you can find a relevant quote, aphorism, or anecdote to introduce your topic to the reader. In case you study tech, social, and medical sciences quotes are irrelevant. More precise and specific facts will fit such an introduction. There is a general rule for all specialties too. You must find a fact that will intrigue a reader. You must hook him.

Attract the Reader in Any Case

Imagine that your research paper is a product that you want to sell and be paid for it. Figuratively, it is true because your aim is to be rewarded with high mark. The first thing salesmen do to sell their product is a promotion of it. They put effort into and use various methods to hook clients. So, what should research paper writers  do to attract a reader? Even if you write a research paper, and the style of writing is formal, it is still necessary and possible to draw his attention. For example, your research paper topic is “How has the music industry been affected by the internet and digital downloading?”. After a hasty internet search, you can find out that there are many legendary musicians like Radiohead that gave up being dependent on music labels and started to issue their LPs by themselves, online. Also, there is a site Pledge Music which is a popular crowdfunding platform for modern musicians. Such popular synth-pop band as IAMX raises money there to record and promote their albums. These two facts prove that digital downloading somehow affects the music industry, and it is urgent to research this topic to learn the character of this effect. Connect with a professional writer in 5 simple steps. Start now Please provide as many details about your writing struggle as possible. Next What's the area of study of your paper? English Business and Entrepreneurship Nursing History African-American Studies Accounting Anthropology Architecture Art, Theatre and Film Biology Business and Entrepreneurship Chemistry Communication Strategies Computer Science Criminology Economics Education English Engineering Environmental Issues Ethics Finance Geography Healthcare History International and Public Relations Law and Legal Issues Linguistics Literature Management Marketing Mathematics Music Nursing Nutrition Other Philosophy Physics Political Science Psychology Religion and Theology Sociology Sport Technology Tourism Next How many pages do you need? Next When is it due? 01 AM 02 AM 03 AM 04 AM 05 AM 06 AM 07 AM 08 AM 09 AM 10 AM 11 AM 12 AM 01 PM 02 PM 03 PM 04 PM 05 PM 06 PM 07 PM 08 PM 09 PM 10 PM 11 PM 12 PM Next What's your e-mail? Next Done!

Writing a Thesis Statement

Research paper writing is one of the most challenging tasks for students. To write your research papers in a relevant way, it is important to add new information and to connect the text with the research topic. For example, a research paper introduction example can help you learn how to create an introduction that grabs the attention of the reader. The introduction should not only explain the topic but should also provide enough detail to set up the body of the paper. This can be done by providing background information, presenting a hypothesis, or discussing existing research on the topic. Adding new information will make the introduction more interesting and will lead the reader to the body of the paper.

What do you feel when you watch a good teaser for the movie? You feel hooked, intrigued, and eager to watch the story till the end. The same result you must achieve with the thesis statement in a research paper. You must indicate the highlights of your essay, and leave an open question, a mystery, which the reader will want to learn for sure. To provide a worthy example of a research paper thesis statement let’s return to the discussed above topic “How has the music industry been affected by the internet and digital downloading?”. A thesis statement is a point that you will have to defend. It mandatorily must not be general. For example, if you declare this statement during the conversation, it will surely provoke a conflict and make all people differ in their attitude and take a side. Wrong way: “Downloading music from the internet is bad and we must fight it.” It leaves too many questions to answer. And this statement is way too objective, it does not reflect the controversy of your topic. The truth is that there are no absolutely good or totally bad phenomena. And your thesis statement must show the reality.

Right way: “The culture of digital music consumption must be changed because the creations of musicians become worthless due to activity of web pirates and people stop valuing music according to its merit .”

In this example of thesis, I’ve narrowed my argument to the consequences of digital music downloads on the culture of music consumption. I’ve also focused on the fact that the main harm to the music industry present web pirates.  It induces readers to assume that I will argue against them in the main body. To check if you have created a debatable thesis statement for the research paper, you must figure out whether it is debatable. It means that you must make the reader argue either for or against this statement. Wrong way : “The music industry has changed because of the era of the internet.” It is a statement, but not a thesis statement. It is a general truth. There is no point to argue with that fact. You can narrate about that, but not argue and make research to provide proper evidence to prove your point.

Right way: “Free music download sites must become commercial because recording a music is a full-time job of musicians and every work must be rewarded.” Now it is debatable. Opponents can argue that product that music product is not principal way to earn money for musicians, and internet is a the most effective way to promote their creation and lure audience to visit their concerts, what is a real way to earn money.

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Research paper Introduction Writing Tips

Research paper introduction is an essential part of your writing and it must be created according to certain rules. It is true that when you write any kind of text you can push yourself too hard and cross the borders of norms. Because academic styles of writing are referred to as creative writing as well. You look for information, then analyze it, come up with thoughts, and ideas, and reflect it in a coherent text. The next tips will show you how to fulfill the purpose of the research paper introduction and get rid of the creative mess.

• Size matters. Before a tutor starts reading the article, he reviews it visually. If the size of the introduction is too large, it will make a bad impression on your paper. Just remember, all you have to present in the introduction is: the definition of the topic idea and its urgency, an explanation of the aim of the research, facts to hook the reader, and a thesis statement.
• Be logical. Your introduction will be really strong if it contains key ideas only in a few sentences. To reach such a result it is important to satisfy the logical connection of the thoughts. Your goal is to make the reader understand in the end of the introduction what exactly you attempted to achieve in a research paper and why this problem is worth profound research.
• Make it the last part. Many successful students first work on the whole outline, write the body of the paper and only then form the introduction. That’s because a person becomes more sure in what direction his research goes only after at least a shallow search and analysis of sources.
• Review previous studies on your topic. Every person can study the same topic in a different way. Before you start your own research, you must become aware of the discoveries other scholars made on this issue. Any result will be a reliable background for future work. Note that it is better to indicate recent developments in the primary research rather than a lengthy report.

Research Paper Introduction Example

Finally, when we have analyzed all highlights of introduction writing we can gather all parts of it in one, ultimate part of a paper. Let’s refresh the exemplary topic of it:  “How has the music industry been affected by the internet and digital downloading?”. Now, have a look at the research paper introduction example: “The musical marketing turns to be digital according to demands of current online epoche. Such underground, but worldwide famous bands like Radiohead and IAMX gain profit from the internet and use it as a primary source to show the audience their creation. On the other hand, many artists find the digital era harmful and destructive to their creativity because there are many sites that offer their products for free, giving no profit to the creator. Currently, there are more and more studies that reveal the business side of the music industry is far from the positive side. This research paper will define whether the culture of digital music consumption must be changed because the creations of musicians become worthless due to the activity of web pirates and because people have stopped valuing music according to its merit.”

As you see, all main components are preserved in the example above. The first sentences hook readers, the mid part of the introduction prove the reason for the research, and the thesis statement puts a debatable argument that needs further analysis and the right solution.

Integrity is a Key

After you created the final paper, be decisive to make necessary changes and corrections, especially before the submission. It usually happens that at the end of the research, a writer can face with inconsistencies in all sections of his writing. If the whole paper does not sound like a cohesive text, make improvements. If your main part does not answer the question raised in the introduction nothing obstructs you from adjusting its sense to the ideas from the main body. A paper with cohesive text deserves a high mark, so rule your writing!

Now You’re a Winner

I suppose that before you came across this article you underestimated the value of a worthy introductive paragraph. In fact, I have not introduced you to another meaningful feature of it. You know that all academic essays must end with a conclusive paragraph. There is an assumption that this is the hardest part of research paper completion. In fact, if you have succeeded in making of impressive introduction, you will significantly facilitate the process of conclusion writing. You don’t think it is easy for you? Ask professionals “ write an essay for me ” because writing your essay does not have to be a difficult job.

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How to Write a Research Paper Introduction Paragraph

04 Feb 2022

Quick Navigation

❓What Is an Introduction Paragraph for Research Paper?

✒️How to Write a Research Paper Introduction?

• State Your Research Theme
• Be Original
• Explain Key Terms
• Size Is Important
• Refer to the Keywords
• Follow the Rules of Logic

🚨Common Mistakes and How not to Slip Up

📑Research Paper Introduction Examples

Just like the alphabet begins with the letter “A,” any essay begins with an introduction. When you’re ready to write a research paper, you should start with an opening section. These are not common sentences but ones that form the entire thesis you will explore in the body paragraphs of a research project. You should guide the reader through the topic and present the importance of your university research and its results.

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What Is an Introduction Paragraph for Research Paper?

Writing a research paper is a mandatory task in almost any educational specialty. You will definitely have to face this kind of task at some point. We know how difficult it can be to collect your thoughts and start doing work by arranging an introduction. That is why we are ready to come to your aid and tell you in detail the rules, as well as share some useful tips on writing the opening passage. 

The research paper introductions are pieces of information placed at the beginning of the paper. The size of this section depends on the general requirements for the work and usually is about 350-450 words. Moreover, everything you write in the introduction should attract the reader’s curiosity. This part of your work is designed to help the reader identify whether he or she wants to read the paper.

You can get acquainted with the example of an abstract for a research paper . That is why it is incredibly important to approach the writing of this section responsibly and make sure that you manage to clearly and interestingly position your research topic. A well-written research paper introduction will make you more likely to get a high score.

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How to Write a Research Paper Introduction?

After writing your research paper, you will have a broad picture of your entire research and analysis. Being an expert in the research niche of your scientific paper, you will be able to come to valid conclusions and also highlight the main points of your work. This will help you to create an outline, identify the key notions, and include them in the introduction. To increase interest in reading your project, you should also define a hook that can catch the reader.

However, the problem with writing the first section is the difficulty in determining the importance of information. While investigating, you will probably feel that all the data you provide is essential. But to write a good introduction, you need to be concise. Your general erudition of background information, combined with specific knowledge of the general subject area, will help you write a great introduction. There are a few simple guides that can help to make your research paper introduction shine:

1. State Your Research Theme

The first sentences should be common about the general topic, and then you should add some details about your topic. This is called the inverted triangle, when you start a research paper with a broad theme and then narrow it down. Be concise in your presentation of the research problem to avoid any kind of ambiguity. Your study should be presented as a direct continuation of the introduction. It is crucial to keep the narrative logical.

2. Be Original

If you write a dissertation paper in humanities, you can start the introduction with a quotation or even an anecdote. If your academic area is science or medicine, you can write extremely interesting data or even shocking statistics. Such an approach will help you develop an attractive research paper introduction. However, be careful with fact checking and sources. All the statistics you provide must correspond to reality. According to the methodology, shocking research should be done either by you personally or by reputable institutions.

3. Explain Key Terms

You should provide a list of the notions you used and the definitions that you based on to avoid reader confusion. In science, there is a phenomenon when one term can have different interpretations due to the background. Whenever you find yourself in trouble, ask us to write my research paper , and we’ll come to help. Moreover, the glossary will show your knowledge level in the scientific context and help expand the audience that your article may be useful too.

4. Size Is Important

It would help if you chose your ideal length for the introduction. It should be short enough to be readable and gain the reader's attention and long enough to explain all the main features of your essay. And, of course, remember that the size of the introduction should be directly proportional to the size of your study. You need to briefly describe the main sections that your subject includes to guide your reader.

5. Refer to the Keywords

The keywords should be used in the introduction to give a general overview of the research questions. These could be separate words or word combinations which describe your topic. This trick aims to write a research paper that is easier to find. In addition, they help the reader quickly understand the direction of your research, showing the problem and the subject of investigation.

6. Follow the Rules of Logic

You should be consistent in the writing process. As we mentioned in one of the other sections, your work must be holistic. Each new thought should be a continuation of the previous one. A well-elaborated outline may help in solving this research problem. The first passage should logically introduce the reader to the subject and also give a preview of what will be described next. Logical links between sentences will make your text coherent.

An introduction paragraph of a research paper is essential for readers to get an overall idea of what the paper is about. It helps grab their interest and give them an understanding of the content’s purpose. Writing an informative and catchy introduction can be a difficult task, but hiring professional nursing essay writers can help take the burden off your shoulders. They can provide an excellent introduction that introduces the topic in a detailed and easy-to-understand manner.

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Common Mistakes and How not to Slip Up

As you can already understand, writing a decent introduction is quite a difficult task. You should always keep in mind the purpose of your university research to stay on the topic. We are going to see the most common research problem to be aware of when writing.

• An extended introduction

When you conduct scientific research, each word you write carries a large amount of necessary information. However, working out a quality introduction, you find out that the size is very limited, and you need to spend time filtering out unnecessary information.

• Lack of a hook

Good introductions are not limited to just a list of data you have received. It is this paragraph that presents the first impression. Try to make it informative and catchy. If you face some problems elaborating witty hooks for a paper, consult a  writing service that can provide you with professional advice.

• Inconsistent Data

The problem of inconsistency in the presentation of information appears when you first write the introduction and then the main body of the study. To avoid the error of lack of previous research, follow our advice. Study the background of the hypothesis you have chosen and then describe the results of your research.

Research Paper Introduction Examples

The theory is good, but the practice is quite different. Read our examples to get good ideas from other researchers about how to write an excellent introduction.

Contemporary literary marketing has become digital because of the demands of the online era. Popular best-selling authors such as J. K. Rowling or Dan Brown profit from the internet and use it as a source for advertising to show the audience their creations. On the other hand, many writers find digital literature harmful and destructive for their livelihood because many users can get their books without paying for them. However, more studies reveal that the business side of the book industry is not far from the negative. This research paper will define whether the culture of digital book consumption has to be changed due to the creations of writers becoming worthless due to online piracy and because people have stopped valuing non-digitized books.

The second sample of introduction paragraph is on the topic: “Behavioral Study of the Phenomenon of Obedience”.

Modern theories tend to associate misbehavior and intentional actions that harm others with personal characteristics. The psychologists and doctors in a survey predicted that only a small portion of people (about 1-3%) would intentionally harm someone after being told to do so. A good example of this phenomenon is a recent war trial with Adolph Eichmann, who claimed he was only following orders to carry out Nazi war crimes. Therefore, is it possible that people can harm others by only “following orders?” Are people capable of betraying their moral convictions if ordered to do so? During the experiment, we will see whether someone can continue administering painful electric shocks that harm another person simply because he or she is told to do so. It is expected that very few will continue and that most of the participants will not obey the order.

Writing an engaging introduction is not less important than conducting research papers or providing a high-quality context in your issue. In fact, a great intro is even more important for your success! An opening paragraph that attracts attention and keeps the reader engaged is the key to success with this academic work.

The intro is the first thing that a reader sees. It is exactly what helps him or her gets the first impression of your work, which carries their opinion about the merits of your paper while they finish reading it. That’s why it’s so important to get it done right.

How do you create flawless intros for your research papers? These tips and examples in this article should help you deal with this assignment effortlessly while avoiding common mistakes. However, it also requires practice. We encourage students to practice writing as much as they can to master these skills and never face difficulties with writing academic papers again!

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What should the introduction of a paper accomplish?

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Prof. Linda Mia

I’ve worked for the past eight years as a content editor, creative writer, and professional essay writer. Every day, I work hard to make sure my clients are satisfied with the projects and papers I write for them. My areas of expertise are wide, ranging from Psychology and Sociology to Political Science and World History.

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