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14 common network ports you should know

The physical ports on your computer allow communicate with peripheral devices such as your keyboard and mouse and to connect with internet devices via Ethernet cables.

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Witin computer networking, ports serve a similar purpose. When a computer system seeks to connect to another computer, the port serves as a communication endpoint. It is also possible for different services running on the same computer to expose various ports and communicate with one another using these ports. In simple terms, if a software application or service needs to communicate with others, it will expose a port. Ports are identified with positive 16-bit unsigned integers, ranging from 0 to 65535. Other services use this port number to communicate with the service or app. Port numbers are divided into three ranges: well-known ports, registered ports, and dynamic or private ports.

Well-known ports (also known as system ports ) are numbered from 0 through 1023. For example, to connect to the host example.com via SSH, I would use this command:

In this example, -v stands for verbose, and you should see output similar to this:

As shown, SSH is trying to connect to example.com using port number 22. You may use the -p option to specify another port number; otherwise, SSH will default to 22.

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has assigned port numbers to commonly used services like SSH, FTP, HTTP, HTTPS, and others. Here are some of the most common ones:

In my work, I most commonly come across ports 80, 443, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, and 53. Knowing these ports can help you work more efficiently.

What ports do you use the most, and why?

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Network Infrastructure

port number

Lynn Haber, Senior Writer

What is a port number?

A port number is a way to identify a specific process to which an internet or other network message is to be forwarded when it arrives at a server . All network-connected devices come equipped with standardized ports that have an assigned number. These numbers are reserved for certain protocols and their associated function. Hypertext Transfer Protocol ( HTTP ) messages, for example, always go to port 80 -- one of the most commonly used ports.

Developers of the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network , an informal cooperation of system administrators and software authors, proposed the concept of port numbers. Once known as socket numbers , the early incarnation of port numbers is similar to the Internet Protocol ( IP ) address class used today.

What is the difference between an IP address and a port number?

An IP address identifies a machine in an IP network and is used to determine the destination of a data packet . Port numbers identify a particular application or service on a system.

An IP address is a logical address used to identify a device on the network. Any device connected to the internet is assigned a unique IP address for identification. This identifying information enables devices to communicate over the internet.

Port numbers are part of the addressing information that helps identify senders and receivers of information and a particular application on the devices. Port numbers consist of 16- bit numbers.

For example, a user request for a file transfer from a client , or local host, to a remote server on the internet uses File Transfer Protocol ( FTP ) for the transaction. Both devices must be configured to transfer files via FTP . To transfer the file, the Transmission Control Protocol ( TCP ) software layer in local host identifies the port number of 21, which, by convention, associates with an FTP request -- in the 16-bit port number integer that is appended to the request.

At the server, the TCP layer will read port number 21 and forward the request to the FTP program at the server.

What are the different types of port numbers and their uses?

There are 65,535 port numbers, but not all are used every day.

Restricted port numbers or well-known port numbers are reserved by prominent companies and range from 0 to 1023. Apple QuickTime , Structured Query Language services and Gopher services use some of these restricted ports.

Those who want to register a specific port number can choose from 1024 to 49151. Software companies typically register these port numbers. Dynamic or private ports ranging from 49152 to 65536 are available for anyone to use.

In another scenario, a port number is assigned temporarily -- for the duration of the request and its completion -- from a range of assigned port numbers. This is called a temporary port number .

Here are some commonly used ports and their associated networking protocols:

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority allocates and maintains all the port numbers listed above.

What are common questions raised about port numbers?

What is the port number for localhost.

Localhost is the default name used to establish a connection with a computer. The IP address is usually 127.0.0.1. This is done by using a loopback address network. Port 80 is the common standard port for HTTP.

What is port number 8080 used for?

Port number 8080 is usually used for web servers . When a port number is added to the end of the domain name, it drives traffic to the web server. However, users can not reserve port 8080 for secondary web servers.

What is port number 3360 used for?

TCP/IP networks use port 3360. The connection-oriented protocol TCP demands handshaking to set up end-to-end communications. Upon establishing the connection, user data is transferred bidirectionally over the connection.

What is my IP address and port number?

The easiest way to find a router 's public IP address is to search "what is my IP?" on a search engine like Google. Identifying a port number will depend on the operating system.

For Windows:

What is a proxy server address and port number?

A proxy server is, essentially, a computer on the internet with its own IP address. It sits between the client device and the remote server and acts as an intermediary to handle communication requests over the internet.

When a local computer sends a web request, it automatically goes through the proxy server. The proxy server uses its own IP address for the web request and not the user's. Proxy servers offer privacy benefits -- for example, the ability to change the client IP address, masking the user's location.

The proxy server address includes an IP address with the port number attached to the end of the address. The port number 8080 is usually used for web servers, proxy and caching .

What is the port number for Gmail?

Gmail uses both Internet Message Access Protocol ( IMAP ) and SMTP. The IMAP port is 993, and the SMTP port is 25.

Continue Reading About port number

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50 Common Ports You Should Know

Last Updated : 28 Feb, 2022

Port number is a 16-bit numerical value that ranges from 0 to 65535. Well-known port (0-1023), registered port (1024-49151), and dynamic port is three types of port number space. (49152-65535).

These ports can be opened and used by software applications and operating system services to send and receive data over networks (LAN or WAN) that employ certain protocols (eg TCP, UDP).

For example, we use 80 for HTTP-web-based plain-text surfing and 443 for HTTPS-web-based encrypted websites in our daily work.

To conclude, a port is a logical form to identify system activities or various network services used to create local or network-based communications.

What are the functions of ports?

When interacting over the Internet, TCP and UDP protocols make connections, recompile data packages after the transfer, and then deliver them to applications on the recipient’s device. For this handover to work, the operating system must install and open the gateway for the transfer. Each door has a unique code number. After transmission, the receiving system uses the port number to determine where the data should be sent. The port numbers of the sender and receiver are always included in the data packet.

Ports are assigned sequential numbers from 0 to 65536. Some of these codes are standardized, meaning they are assigned to certain uses. Since code numbers are universally recognized and permanently assigned, these standard ports are also known as well-known ports. Registered ports are those that organizations or software developers have registered for their applications. Registration is handled by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). A diverse selection of dynamically assigned port numbers is also available. For example, when viewing websites, browsers use these ports. After that, the phone number is free again.

Why is it important to know these ports?

Any security researcher, bug bounty hunter, or anyone working with service configuration would benefit from this. Knowing how to do more thorough scans such as version detection or known vulnerabilities for ancient services that are still operating in the infrastructure, especially when using tools like Nmap, is handy when getting to know these protocols and services.

The most 50 significant ports are listed here:

The following are some of the most common service names, transport protocol names, and port numbers used to differentiate between specific services that employ TCP, UDP, DCCP, and SCTP.

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Network Ports

In computer networking, there are network port numbers used for various applications. The range of these network ports are from 0 to 65535 . There are three different port types used networking. These network port types are given below:

Some of these port numbers are well-known ports. These well-known ports are the reserved ports between 0 and 1024 . The full list of these network port numbers are given in RFC 1700. IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) assigns these well-known ports.

The other network ports are registered ports between 1024 and 49151 . These portsa re assigned by IANA for specific services.

The last part of ports in networking are dynamic ports. Daynamic ports are the ports from 49152 to 65565 . These ports in networking are not registered with IANA.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) uses these well-known ports. Only one port is required for full-duplex, bidirectional traffic. Beside SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) and DCCP (Datagram Congestion Control Protocol) use these ports.

You can download the Cheat Sheet about Well-known network ports.

Table of Contents

Well Known Ports in Networking

Well-known network ports are from 0 to 1024 . These port numbers are given by IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) . And the full list of these port numbers are in RFC 1700.

Some of these well-known ports are used by TCP and some of them are used UDP. These TCP and USP ports are also asked in many network engineering technical interviews as interview questions . So, what are these ports in networking?

Well-known TCP ports are the network ports used by the applications that works with TCP as transport protocol. So, what are these applications that uses well-known TCP ports ?

For example, FTP (File Transport Protocol) is one of the applications that uses TCP ports. The FTP ports are TCP port 20 and TCP port 21 . The other applcation that uses TCP as transport protocol is Telnet. Telnet uses TCP port 23 .

Well-known UDP ports are the network ports used by the applications that works with UDP as transport protocol. So, what are these applications that uses well-known UDP ports ?

For example TFTP (Trivial File Transport Protocol) is one of the applciations that uses UDP ports. UDP port 69 is used by TFTP. Another example that uses UDP as transport protocol is SNMP. SNMP uses UDP port 161 for SNMP and UDP port 162 for SNMP trap messages.

Below, you can find all the wellknown ports used by the applications that uses TCP & UDP network ports .

Registered Network Ports

Registered networking ports start from port 1024 to 49151. IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) assigns these registerd network ports. Below, you can find these registered networking ports

Dynamic Networking Ports

Registered networking ports are the ports from 49152 to 65565. These ports can be used locally or dynamically by the applications. They are not assigned by IANA.

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15 Commonly Used Network Ports Explained

Updated May 17, 2022

This article looks at common port numbers and their associated services, and which transport protocol they use.

One of the many fundamental things to know as a server administrator is some common services’ functions and port numbers. Just as the IP address identifies the computer, the network port identifies the application or service running on the computer.

I’m sure you’ve heard the term “port” before, but what does it mean in the world of computers?

What’s a Network Port?

In computer networking, a port is a communication endpoint. Typically, ports identify a specific network service assigned to them. Within an operating system , the primary use of a port number is to transfer the data between a computer network and an application.

Port numbers range from 0 to 65535. They are divided into three sub-ranges:

There are two primary transport protocols in networking that uses port numbers -TCP and UDP.

TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol. It is a connection-oriented protocol. Before exchanging data, the communicating devices should establish a connection and then shut it.

TCP is the most widely used networking protocol. It is incredibly dependable, and it is used for everything from browsing the web to sending emails and file transfers .

UDP stands for User Datagram Protocol. It is a connectionless protocol. This is due to the lack of overhead associated with creating, maintaining, and terminating connections. For broadcast and multicast network transmission, UDP is a good choice.

Common TCP and UDB Default Ports

Following are some of the common TCP and UDP default ports.

21 (TCP, UDP) – FTP

Port 21 is commonly associated with FTP (File Transfer Protocol). FTP is for transferring files between a client and a server. It is usually regarded as a “non-secure” file transfer protocol .

FTP sends data in clear text and provides an anonymous option that does not require a password. However, FTP is a trusted and widely used protocol for transferring files.

22 (TCP, UDP) – SSH

SSH, or Secure Shell Protocol, is a network communication protocol used to perform operations on remote computers, but it may also be used for transferring data . Whenever we run a command through default SSH port number 22 , a connection between client and server is established.

SSH was developed as a safe substitute for the unencrypted Telnet protocol, and it utilizes cryptographic techniques to ensure that all communication to and from the remote server is encrypted.

23 (TCP) – Telnet

Port 23 is typically used by the Telnet protocol . The protocol is often used for an administrative command-line interface in networking equipment such as routers and switches.

However, because the protocol is unencrypted, it is usually only used safely within a local area network, as the data is in cleartext.

25 (TCP) – SMTP

Port 25 is the original standard email SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) port and the oldest since it first debuted in 1982. After four decades, SMTP on port 25 is the basic standard for sending email via the internet between mail servers.

53 (TCP, UDP) – DNS

DNS (Domain Name System) turns domain names into IP addresses . As a result, people may type ordinary words into their browsers without remembering the IP address for each website, thanks to DNS servers.

DNS has been designed to use both UDP and TCP port 53, with UDP being the default, and falls back to using TCP when it cannot communicate on UDP.

67,68 (UDP) – DHCP

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) provides network addresses to dynamically configured hosts on a TCP/IP network. It uses UDP ports 67 and 68. Port 67 should be used by the server and port 68 by the client.

80 (TCP) – HTTP

Port 80 is the port number assigned to the commonly used internet communication protocol HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol). The HTTP protocol defines the format for communication between internet browsers and websites.

In other words, port 80 uses to send and receive page requests from a webserver . The web traffic that passes through the port remains in plain text.

110 (TCP) – POP3

POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3) is a mail protocol used to retrieve mail from a remote server to a local email client. It is a relatively simple mail protocol, making it less prone to errors and more straightforward implementation. The default POP3 port is 110.

111 (TCP, UDP) – Portmapper

Portmapper service is required to run NFS both on the client and the server-side. It runs on port 111 for both TCP and UDP protocols. Portmap makes the dynamic binding of remote programs possible.

137 (TCP, UDP) – NetBIOS

Port 137 is utilized by NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System) Name service. NetBIOS’s primary purpose is to allow applications on different computers to communicate and establish sessions to access shared resources like files and printers and locate each other via a local area network (LAN).

143 (TCP, UDP) – IMAP

IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) is a mail protocol used to access email on a local client’s remote web server . The IMAP protocol works on port 143, the default IMAP non-encrypted port.

161, 162 (UDP) – SNMP

The SNMP (Simple Network Administration Protocol) protocol suite is a collection of network management and monitoring protocols. It is often used to monitor firewalls, routers, switches, servers, printers, bridges, NAS disks, UPS, and other network devices.

SNMP ports are utilized via UDP on port 161 for SNMP Managers communicating with SNMP Agents and via UDP on port 162 when agents send unsolicited SNMP traps to the SNMP Manager.

443 (TCP) – HTTPS

HTTPS stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure. Port 443, a web browsing port, is primarily used for HTTPS services . It is a port that billions of people across the globe use every single day. Over 95% of secured websites use HTTPS via port 443 for secure data transfer.

587 (TCP) – SMTP

Port 587 is the standard secure SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) port. It is the default mail submission port. This is the one that will provide the best results when users submit an email to be routed via a proper mail server.

The use of port 587 in conjunction with TLS encryption ensures that email is sent securely and following the IETF’s requirements.

993 (TCP) – IMAPS

IMAPS (IMAP over SSL) means IMAP traffic travels over a secure socket to a secure port. When using an encrypted IMAP connection, the default port is 993. It helps ensure your safety and privacy on the internet.

You should now understand that network ports are given by the TCP or UDP protocols. A port is a number that is used to uniquely identify a network transaction by defining both the host and the service. They are necessary to differentiate between many different IP services.

See RFC 1700 or IANA for a complete list of network port numbers for more information.

Bobby Borisov

Bobby is an Editor-in-Chief at Linuxiac. He is a Linux professional with over 20 years of experience. With a strong focus on Linux and open-source software, Bobby has worked as a Linux System Administrator, Software Developer, and DevOps Engineer for small and large multinational companies.

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What is a Network port? Network Ports are Explained in Detail

TCP/IP protocol to communicate through the Internet | Guide about network port list

Usually, the Network Port concept is challenging to understand. In networking, it is a communication endpoint used to connect an external device to the computer. When there is a requirement to set up remote access for your IP Cameras, the network port comes into the picture. Routers are dependent on ports to route data to access your camera and share between multiple devices. Let us discuss more network ports.

What is a Port?

How do ports work in networking, tcp and udp ports explained, what is a port number, what are the different port numbers, how do ports make network connections more efficient.

In computer networking, a Port is an array of communication. It is a 16-bit unsigned integer number from 1 to 65535. With the help of these numbers, multiple programs can use the same IP address. A specific network port is required to transmit or receive data from network devices. There are two primary transport protocols in the networking that uses port numbers. Moreover, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) are used.

A network port handles multiple transmission requests through a single physical network on a computer. For file transfer, a particular number is assigned, termed as Port Number. A port has three main applications in computer networking, as mentioned below:

What Does Network Port Mean?

A socket on a Network device or any computer hardware that allows cable from another device to share communication is a Network Port. Local Area Network ports (LAN Ports) is for a building or complex. However, Wide Area Network Ports (WAN Ports) attach to the modem to connect the outside world. But, mobile devices do not use network ports as they have in-built Wi-Fi.

Computers and other devices use TCP/IP protocol to communicate through the Internet. For example, a computer from a particular country wants to send information to another country. In that case, it must know the destination IP address that it would like to send the data. UDP and TCP help to complete this process.

In today’s world, everyone is using the Internet, and every computer hardware on the Internet has a unique number assigned called an IP address. With the help of an IP address, you can recognize your computer from millions of devices on the Internet. Finally, TCP or UDP ports use to accept the information from the Internet on your laptop.

As we said earlier, a Port number is a logical address assigned for each application on computer hardware that uses the Internet for the communication process. It is unique for every application on a computer device. However, the operating system can automatically assign a port number.

The primary use of a port number is to transfer the data between a Computer Network and an Application. Also, a Port Number and Network Protocol working together can do transmission correctly.

Further, Networks based on TCP and UDP mainly use Port Numbers ranging between 0 to 65535. As we know, the application itself can change its port number. But, commonly used Internet services work with global port numbers like Port Number 80 for Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Port 23 for Telnet, and port 25 for SMTP.

According to Gartner , “Increased sniffing detected on TCP Port 445 poses “a serious concern for enterprise security managers, because it may indicate an impending mass malicious-code attack.”

Port numbers are range from 0 to 65535. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) maintains the list of Port numbers. Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) supports network-related protocols. Let’s take a look at some of the most commonly used port numbers with their corresponding network protocol.

There is a tremendous amount of data flow from a computer with the same network connection. Ports help computers understand what to do with information from other hardware.

For instance, a person transfers an MP3 audio recording to his friend by using the FTP Protocol. This audio recording then passed to his friend’s email application, but he would not know how to act on it. But, while sending this MP3 audio file, a person uses FTP Server protocol having port number 21, by which an email application recognizes it and stores the file successfully.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, Network ports are an essential feature of computer hardware. It is easy to communicate with peripherals and computer networks by using network ports. For networking, the most important endpoint is the port. Without the network ports, the computer cannot transmit the information outside.

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40 Network Protocols with Port Numbers, Transport Protocols and Meanings

40 Network Protocol Names And Port Numbers With Their Transport Protocols And Meanings tabulated by Precious Ocansey (HND, Network Engineer).

Before going straight to the table.

Firstly, what are Network Protocols?

Network protocols are the languages and rules used during communication in a computer network. There are two major transport protocols namely;

TCP and UDP

TCP which stands for “Transmission Control Protocol”, is a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on a local network or a public network like the internet. TCP is known as “connection-oriented” protocols as it ensures each data packet is delivered as requested. Therefore, TCP is used for transferring most types of data such as webpages and files over the Internet.

UDP which stands for “User Datagram Protocol” is part of the TCP/IP suite of protocols used for data transferring. UDP is a known as a “connectionless-oriented” protocol, meaning it doesn’t acknowledge that the packets being sent have been received. For this reason, the UDP protocol is typically used for streaming media. While you might see skips in video or hear some fuzz in audio clips, UDP transmission prevents the playback from stopping completely.

Furthermore, TCP also includes built-in error checking means TCP has more overhead and is therefore slower than UDP, it ensures accurate delivery of data between systems. Therefore TCP is used for transferring most types of data such as webpages and files over the local network or Internet. UDP is ideal for media streaming which does not require all packets to be delivered.

Port Numbers: They are the unique identifiers given to all protocol numbers so they can be accessed easily.

Below is as written by Precious Ocansey. The 40 Network Protocols, their port numbers and their transport protocols

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Good job.interesting more grace sir

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ICMP does not use any port, 1 is its protocol number.

Updated. Thank you

IGMP does not use a transport layer protocol such as TCP or UD

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COMMENTS

What Is My Computer’s Port Number?
There is no one port number for a computer. Computers use multiple ports to accommodate different processes running on the computer. The port number in use varies on the software or service being used and the computer’s configuration.
How Do You Know Which Network a Mobile Number Belongs To?
The easiest and fastest way to determine the network a mobile phone number belongs to is to do a reverse number look up on www.whitepages.com. If you enter the number into the search engine, it will show you the network the number belongs t...
What Is Port 8080 Used For?
Port 8080 is an alternative to port 80 and is used primarily for http traffic. It is named 8080 for its correlation to 80. Port 8080 is commonly used as proxy and caching port. It is also above the service port range. Port 8080 also can run...
What is a computer port?
Ports are virtual places within an operating system where network connections start and end. Learn how network ports work and the most-used port numbers.
14 common network ports you should know
Ports are identified with positive 16-bit unsigned integers, ranging from 0 to 65535. Other services use this port number to communicate with the service or app
What are port numbers and how do they work?
A port number is a way to identify a specific process to which an internet or other network message is to be forwarded when it arrives at a server.
List of TCP and UDP port numbers
The range of port numbers from 1024 to 49151 (210 to 214 + 215 − 1) are the registered ports. They are assigned by IANA for specific service upon application
Port (computer networking)
In computer networking, a port or port number is a number assigned to uniquely identify a connection endpoint and to direct data to a specific service.
50 Common Ports You Should Know
Port number is a 16-bit numerical value that ranges from 0 to 65535. Well-known port (0-1023), registered port (1024-49151)
Network Ports
In computer networking, there are network port numbers used for various applications. The range of these network ports are from 0 to 65535.
Network Ports Explained
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15 Commonly Used Network Ports Explained
In computer networking, a port is a communication endpoint. Typically, ports identify a specific network service assigned to them. Within an
TCP/IP protocol to communicate through the Internet
In computer networking, a Port is an array of communication. It is a 16-bit unsigned integer number from 1 to 65535. With the help of these numbers, multiple
40 Network Protocols with Port NOs. Transport ...
40 Network Protocols with Port Numbers, Transport Protocols and Meanings · 1.File Transfer Protocol (FTP) · 2.Secure Shell (SSH) · 3.Telnet · 4.Simple Mail Transfer