services for thesis

Thesis Editing & Proofreading Service

Let's get your thesis defense-ready!

Choose the thesis editing service you need

Take a pick based on your unique requirements, including the level of editor intervention your manuscript requires, your thesis submission deadline, and other details.

Make your thesis error-free and submission-ready

Suitable for writers who need editing and proofreading to eliminate grammar and spelling mistakes in their thesis and ensure stylistic consistency. 

• Correction of spelling errors
• Grammatical accuracy
• Precise punctuation
• Stylistic consistency
• US/UK English style
• Style guide adherence (APA, MLA, CMOS)
• Expert tips on academic style and conventions

Improve the overall presentation of your thesis

A thorough thesis editing with a deeper intervention to improve clarity and coherence. Recommended for writers who need help enhancing their writing. 

• Accurate word/phrase choice
• Paraphrasing for clarity and concision
• Smooth transition at paragraph and section levels
• Smooth transitions at sentence and paragraph levels
• Elimination of redundancy
• Advanced tips on content, style, and conventions
• Commentary on content placement, transition, and logical consistency

Make your thesis stand out

Grammar & punctuation, academic style, remarks & comments, clarity check, structure check.

100% Reassurance of Quality

• High quality editors
• 24x7 customer support
• Error free theses
• Free Q&A service

Add-on Services

Plagiarism check.

Our comprehensive plagiarism check, powered by iThenticate, detects unintentional repetition or plagiarism so that you can submit your thesis with confidence.

Reference Formatting

Our experts will ensure that your in-text citations and references are in the prescribed style as per the institutional guidelines or style guides (e.g., APA, MLA, & CMOS).

Certificate of Editing

You will be provided with a downloadable certificate that states that your thesis has been proofread & edited by a professional English language editor. 

Thesis Expert Summary Report

Our experts provide you with feedback on the strengths and weaknesses of your thesis as well as your writing style, giving you unique insight about your thesis and your writing.

Expert Ratings

A numerical report card for your thesis made by your expert editor to evaluate aspects such as punctuation, grammar, style, word choice, flow & clarity, and references & citations.

Thesis Formatting

We format your thesis by applying templates, page layouts, table style, typesetting, etc., and following your institutional guidelines or the preferred style guide (APA, MLA, and CMOS).

Meet your Ph.D. & Master's expert thesis editors

We find the best thesis editing expert that matches your needs based on your field of study, choice of service, and preferences. The expert will work on your thesis and send you the edited thesis ready for submission. If our expert has any queries or suggestions, they will pass them on to you so you can implement them before submission.

Areas of Expertise

Ready with your thesis?

Get started with a free trial today!

Testimonials

Frequently Asked Questions

Should i choose thesis pro or thesis essentials +.

Thesis Essentials provides a thorough grammar and language revision so you won't have to worry about basic language mistakes. It is suitable for students who are confident in their writing and/or under close guidance from their research advisers. Thesis Pro gives you a more holistic editing that not only ensures your manuscript is free of error but also enhances its content presentation.

How is Thesis Editing different from other Enago editing services? +

Enago offers 3 academic editing services- Top Impact Scientific Editing ,  Substantive Editing , and  Copy Editing - targeting authors who wish to publish their research in international journals. Each manuscript is edited by two to three editors in the same research field for precise adherence to academic publishing conventions. These services also come with additional support designed for journal submission, including revision against peer reviewers' comments.

Will your experts fix issues in the content and structure of my thesis? +

Our thesis services may be equated to proofreading (Thesis Essentials) and copy editing (Thesis Pro). Neither of these services offers content edits or structural reviews. However, our experts will point out the issues they notice in Thesis Pro.

How does Enago Thesis Editing work? +

We have a 4-step process to give you a stress-free thesis editing experience. You can g et a quotation within 1 hour, pay for your editing, and we’ll let you know once your thesis is ready. We are available 24x7, 365 days (even on public holidays).

Get your thesis edited by Ph.D. experts

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Thesis Editing Service

Expert Academic Proofreading

Don’t Let Typos Undermine Your Hard Work

You may have worked on your thesis for months or years. It may be the most important academic document you will ever write. So you need it to be perfect. And this means it should be easy to read, fully referenced, and error free.

To make sure this is the case for you, why not ask the professionals? Our thesis proofreading service will help you polish your document, eliminating errors and ensuring the work you put into your research shines through.

Expert Editor

We’re Thesis Editing Experts

Your spellchecker might help you find some errors, but can you trust it with your thesis? Unlike software, our human proofreaders have a passion for academic writing. And, as editing professionals, we have extensive experience of proofreading MA and PhD theses. As such, we’ve been able to help countless students improve their writing and achieve the results they deserve.

Make sure your writing is the best it can be with our expert English proofreading and editing

Thesis Proofreading

With our thesis proofreading service, we will assign your paper to an expert academic editor. When they have your document, they will:

• Correct any punctuation, spelling, and grammar errors
• Maintain an academic tone in word choice throughout
• Fix issues related to structure and readability
• Make sure your writing is clear, concise, and consistent
• Check that your references are clear and complete

And to help ensure you are always in control of the final draft, whenever possible, we will provide two copies of your edited thesis:

• A ‘Clean’ copy in the original file format
• An MS Word Track Changes  copy

This Track Changes copy will highlight any change we make to your document, so you can review and approve them at your leisure. And if your  chosen file format  doesn’t support Track Changes, we will adapt our process to match.

Lightening-Fast Delivery

You’ll never miss a deadline with our speedy services: our Next-Day Guarantee means we’ll return any document up to 10,000 words long within 24 hours

And if you need a faster turnaround, simply select your desired delivery speed when you submit your document. We have three options:

We can also meet custom deadlines! Just let us know what you need.

*For documents up to 8,000 words 

**For documents up to 3,000 words

How We Work With Academics

Lightning-fast delivery.

You’ll never miss a deadline with our speedy services: our Next-Day Guarantee means we’ll return any document up to 8,000 words long within 24 hours.

And if you need a faster turnaround, simply select your desired delivery speed when you submit your document. We have three options

We can also meet custom deadlines! Just let us know what you need. 

* For documents up to 8,000 words

** For documents up to 3,000 words

Great Pricing

Our pricing is affordable and transparent – the cost is based on the exact length of your document. Check out our pricing calculator for an instant quote, and rest assured that you’ll receive the highest quality proofreading and editing for the best value on the market.

Referencing Expertise

Our team includes experts in various referencing styles and systems, including AMA, APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, Vancouver, and IEEE. No matter what style you’re using, though, we can check that your citations and references are correct and let you know if any information is missing. Visit our referencing page to learn more.

Subject-Matter Experts

Our team includes over 750 professional editors with backgrounds in a wide range of disciplines, so we’ll always match you with the best editor for your writing, whether you need help with a sociology dissertation, handouts for a music theory lecture, or a biology research paper.

24-Hour Support

Our support team is available around the clock to address any concerns or questions you have about your order. This means you’ll never be left in the dark, no matter where you are or what time it is.

Instant Quote

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Looking For The Perfect Proofreader?

We can help you improve everything from journal articles to theses. Let us show you how!

Dissertation Editing Service: Ensure Academic Success Fast, Affordable, Professional

Get dissertation editing services from an academic editor with years of experience editing dissertations, theses, and academic papers. Our dedicated Dissertation Editing service ensures top-notch editing, style refinement, and adherence to guidelines, enhancing the professionalism of your academic writing. With a focus on swift turnaround times, meet your trusted partner for the best dissertation editing services.

Try before you buy.

Get an instant quote. Services are available 24/7.

• Dissertation Editing Service: Ensure Academic Success

Need Dissertation Editing Services?

When it comes to your dissertation, every word and sentence matters. That's where our Dissertation Editing services come into play. Our team of seasoned editors understands the significance of a well-crafted thesis . With years of academic editing experience, they are able to meticulously review your document, ensuring it adheres to your university's guidelines.

Our editing service for dissertations focuses on enhancing the English proficiency of your work. Go beyond basic editing services to ensure your dissertation truly shines . Whether you're a PhD candidate or a university student, we tailor our editing services for dissertations to meet your specific instructions. Transform your dissertation into the best dissertation it can be.

Our commitment to providing top-notch Dissertation Editing services extends beyond surface-level corrections. We understand that the perfect thesis requires more than just editing; it demands a keen eye for detail and an understanding of the nuances of academic writing.

Why Should I Get Dissertation Editing Services?

Transform your dissertation into the best possible version it can be with a polished thesis statement and a strong structure. 

When it comes to your dissertation, every word and sentence matters, and that's precisely where our Dissertation Editing services excel. Our team of seasoned editors, well-versed in academic writing and with years of experience in editing dissertations, can ensure your dissertation is error-free and adheres to your university's guidelines. 

Our editing services for dissertations offer rapid turnaround times , ensuring that your edited document, with its improved thesis statement and precise word count, is returned to you promptly. Your academic work deserves nothing less than the expertise of our editors who specialize in dissertation and thesis editing services, making sure your university paper is edited to perfection.

Why Choose Scribendi's Dissertation Editing Services?

Our dedication to providing the best thesis editing and Dissertation Proofreading sets us apart. We understand the importance of a clear and compelling thesis statement. Our editors work diligently to refine your document, focusing on word count, style, and overall quality. Ensure that your academic writing meets the highest standards so that your dissertation is a testament to your years of hard work.

With swift turnaround times, you can trust us to meet your deadlines, ensuring a stress-free editing process. Whether you're looking to i mprove your PhD thesis or need assistance with a dissertation, our Dissertation Editing services are your pathway to success. 

Get top-notch Dissertation Editing services and thesis proofreading. Our team of experienced editors can refine your document diligently, paying meticulous attention to word count, style, and overall quality. Don't compromise on the quality of your academic achievements; choose unparalleled editing that elevates your dissertation to the pinnacle of excellence.

Can I get a discount on Dissertation Editing services?

Enhancing your academic work has never been more affordable with our exclusive student discount for Dissertation Editing services.

Our team of expert editors is ready to take your thesis to the next level. Whether you're a PhD student or pursuing a master's degree, we understand the importance of a well-crafted dissertation. With our 10% student discount , you can enjoy substantial savings while receiving top-notch editing services for your dissertation. 

Our experienced dissertation editors are well-versed in academic writing and can help you refine your work, focusing on aspects like style, English proficiency, and adherence to university guidelines. Don't miss out on this limited-time offer to improve the quality of your thesis while saving on Dissertation Editing services.

Simply use the coupon code on our Student Discount page to start improving your writing today. Our editing service for dissertations is dedicated to helping students like you succeed in their academic journey. Take advantage of this opportunity to elevate your thesis or dissertation to its highest potential with our discounted Dissertation Editing services.

What will you receive with Dissertation Editing services? 

• An edited document in which misspellings, grammar errors, and typos have been corrected
• Changes and suggestions to help improve clarity, flow, structure, and readability
• Formatting of your citations and references to the style guide of your choice, if desired
• Tracked revisions so that you can see and review all the changes that have been made
• In-depth critical commentary on your paper 
• A short summary of the work that has been done and any major concerns

What types of documents can you use Dissertation Editing services for?

• Dissertations
• Thesis and dissertation proposals

Generative AI has become increasingly relevant in academia and can impact academic services at Scribendi; click here to see Scribendi’s policy on generative AI .

Rest assured, whether you're handling commercially sensitive data or conducting groundbreaking scholarly analysis, as part of our Dissertation Editing services, your manuscript's confidentiality is our top priority. 

We ensure the utmost privacy for your work. All uploads and downloads to our secure server are encrypted , and our stringent privacy policies are in place to safeguard your academic research and personal data. 

Dissertation editing services are just a click away . We are committed to ensuring the highest level of security and quality for your academic work. Obtain an instant quote below, and order now .

  Get an Instant Quote and Place Your Order

Dissertation editing services faq, how much do dissertation editing services cost.

The cost of dissertation editing services can vary depending on factors like word count, turnaround time, and the level of editing needed. At Scribendi, you can use our instant quote widget to select the cost and turnaround time that best suit the needs of your document, including your word count, and your deadline. Our experienced editors have years of experience editing and proofreading dissertations and theses. We offer competitive prices for our editing services, ensuring your work is polished to perfection. 

Should I get editing services for my dissertation?

Absolutely! Getting professional editing services for your dissertation is crucial for academic success. Just as Personal Statement Editing ensures your application is ready to go, dissertation editing ensures your thesis is polished to perfection. We offer top-notch editing services tailored to your university's requirements, enhancing your document's style, English, and overall quality. With years of experience, our editors are able to meticulously review your work to meet the highest academic standards. Don't underestimate the importance of proofreading and editing!

Is it ethical to pursue dissertation editing services?

Yes, seeking dissertation editing services is not only ethical but highly advisable. Ethical editing services help you improve the style, English, and overall quality of your work. It's a responsible choice to invest in professional editing to elevate your academic writing as good dissertation editing services focus on integrity and academic excellence.

How do I choose an editing service for my dissertation?

Choosing the right editing service for your dissertation is crucial. Look for experienced editors with a strong background in academic writing and a focus on thesis and dissertation editing. Consider factors such as word count, turnaround time, and expertise in your field. Read reviews and ask about their years of experience editing dissertations. Ultimately, select a service that aligns with your needs and values, ensuring your work becomes the best dissertation it can be.

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• Upload Your Thesis
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Steps for Ordering Our Thesis Editing Services

Get an Instant Price Quote

Select the document type and enter your word count to get a quote.

Upload Your Paper

Tell us about your field of study, the context of your work, and anything else you want us to focus on. We will match you with an editor with the exact background needed to revise your thesis.

Receive Your Revised Document

Download your edited thesis—we know how important deadlines are and guarantee completion within the requested delivery time.

Calculate Your Price

• Choose your editing service type.
• To calculate the word count of a specific selection of the document, highlight the text and then click [Word Count] .

Journal Manuscripts, Research Papers, Dissertations/Theses, Articles, Abstracts

Application Essays, Scholarship Essays, CVs/Resumes, Recommendation Letters

Extensive feedback, editing checklist, and review letter for admissions documents

High School & University Assignments, Term Papers, College Essays, Class Reports

Proposals, Reports, Press Releases, Marketing Materials, Blog & Website Content

Books, Scripts/Screenplays, Personal Essays & Opinion Pieces, Personal Blogs

Features of Our Thesis Editing Services

Thesis proofreading.

Thesis proofreading includes correction for:

• Word-order, sentence structure, and grammar
• Spelling and punctuation issues
• Improper use of units, symbols, numerals, and abbreviations
• Inconsistencies in formatting and terminology

We guarantee 100% language accuracy —your thesis will be free of objective language errors and adhere to all necessary requirements.

Revisions for Clarity & Flow

Wordvice's thesis editors enhance the style, clarity, and tone of your writing in the following ways:

• Improving vocabulary and ensuring a natural tone
• Removing informal and unacademic phrases
• Rephrasing to enhance structure, flow, and readability
• Providing feedback and comments to explain changes

Our editors also apply your preferred formatting style ( APA , MLA , Chicago , etc.)

Customer Service Guarantee

Our thesis editing services provide more than just professional editing. Students keep coming back to us for a variety of reasons:

• Editor expertise in your field of study
• Directly communicate with your editor
• Personalized feedback helps you become a better writer
• Choose your turnaround time (from 9 hours to 7 days)

You can ask your editor as many questions as you want via our editor messaging system. We know how important your deadline is and guarantee delivery of your edited thesis by the selected delivery time.

Our Thesis Editing Experts

Professional editing for your graduate or doctoral thesis, authors love our thesis editing services.

Thesis Editing Services Reviews

• Chen Xi "Will use Wordvice again" Wordvice saved my master's thesis! I was stressed out because I thought I couldn't get everything done before my deadline, but my editor was so fast and their comments guided me really well through the last phase of polishing my writing. It sounds much more academic now, and I learned a lot from the feedback my editor gave me. I will definitely use Wordvice again for my dissertation!
• Ronald Yates "Best dissertation editor EVER!" I submitted my dissertation to Wordvice before handing it in, and my editor Carla G. did such an amazing job - it was much more helpful than I had expected! She was very thorough and left many detailed suggestions in the manuscript that helped me immensely with organizing and strengthening my arguments. I got my dissertation back on time and felt very self-assured when I finally handed it in. Thank you for your very professional help.

Thesis Editing Examples

Thesis Editing Sample

Thesis Editing Services FAQ

What are your thesis editing prices, how long do your thesis editing services take, who will be editing my thesis, what types of academic documents does wordvice edit.

• - Research Paper ( Paper Editing )
• - Journal Manuscripts ( Manuscript Editing )
• - PhD dissertations ( Dissertation Editing )
• - Theses ( Thesis Editing )
• - College & University Assignments ( Assignment Editing )

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*Apply ACADEMIC50US for a 50% discount (up to $50).

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Your Writing, Expertly Edited

Get your work meticulously edited and proofread by PhD-qualified academic writing specialists, who know exactly what markers want .

Your All-In-One Solution

While many providers charge for editing and proofreading separately, our service includes both . This means we’ll take care of the following:

• Fix typos, misspellings, punctuation issues and ensure consistency of your spelling format (e.g., UK or US English).
• Undertake light rewriting of poorly presented sentences, to improve readability and ease of understanding. If substantial rewriting is needed, we’ll provide suggestions.
• Highlight areas where clarification and additional explanation are needed.
• Ensure that your in-text references are in the correct style, formatted correctly and are included in the end-text reference list.
• Ensure that your reference list is correctly formatted.
• Highlight areas where additional references are needed (e.g., sweeping statements, unfounded arguments, etc.).
• Generate the table of contents page, lists of figures and tables.
• Ensure consistent style for figure and table captions.
• Insert captions where we are able to, or highlight areas where captions are needed.
• Ensure consistency of heading levels and styles.
• Ensure correct page numbering (e.g., roman numerals for pre-matter).
• Ensure that your format/page layout is in line with your institute’s requirements.

What exactly you get  

Every editing and proofreading project includes the following key deliverables:

A perfectly edited document

You’ll receive a clean, finalised version of your document, fully edited and proofread. You’ll also receive a second version with all changes tracked , as well as our comments and suggestions to improve your writing further.

A detailed plagiarism report

If you’d like, we can run a comprehensive plagiarism scan on your document and provide you with a detailed report that outlines potential plagiarism issues and provides a similarity index. This is included free of charge.

A polished conceptual framework

If your document includes a conceptual framework, we’ll polish your design into a high-quality visual to give your work a professional look. Again, this service is provided completely free of charge. 

A certificate of editing

If your university requires a formal certificate of editing or confirmation letter, we’ll draft this according to your institution’s specific requirements. We can also provide copies of invoices and receipts if required by your sponsor. 

The Grad Coach Difference  

Editors are a dime a dozen  and there’s always someone who can do it cheaper. Here’s what makes Grad Coach’s editing and proofreading service different.

Academic Writing Specialists

Our PhD-qualified editors specialise in academic writing, so they know exactly what markers want.

Combined Editing & Proofreading

Our service includes both editing and proofreading, while others charge separately for each.

Full Plagiarism Reporting

In addition to editing and proofreading, we can also provide a  plagiarism report , completely free of charge.

Get Your Dissertation Edited Today

Or book a free, no-obligation consultation .

Frequently Asked Questions

Below are some of the most popular editing-related questions we receive.

Editing & Proofreading

How do you edit and proofread.

Our editing and proofreading process is 100% manual - in other words, it's handled by a team of highly qualified human editors, not machines . We don't use any automation software or tools, as nothing can beat the quality and accuracy of human editing.

Our editing team consists of a diverse mix of Doctoral and Master's-qualified language specialists . The team is managed by Dr Eunice Rautenbach , who holds both a Master's and Doctoral degree in language practice. All team members have extensive academic editing experience, are native English speakers (from the US, UK and SA) and have worked on numerous dissertations, theses and research projects.

Can I see an example/sample of your editing?

Certainly . You can download a sample editing and proofreading project here .

Will you sort out my references and citations?

Yes . As part of the editing process, we will ensure that your references and citations are in the correct format (e.g., Harvard, APA, etc) as per your university's requirements (you'll need to advise us what these are).

However, keep in mind that we can't fill in incomplete references or find the relevant sources for you (as it's impossible for us to know which sources you've referenced). We also cannot check whether the references you have are accurate or suitable for the arguments you make in your writing.

Can you fix/build my table of contents?

Yes , we can create a table of contents based on the headings and subheadings throughout your dissertation or thesis. This table of contents will include the respective page number for each heading or subheading.

Can you lower my word count?

Yes - as part of the editing process, we will edit your work for concision. However, we cannot guarantee a specific word count or percentage reduction, as this would risk cutting out important content.

Can you check my work for plagiarism?

Yes - we can provide a detailed plagiarism report with every editing and proofreading project. However, please keep in mind that universities use a variety of plagiarism-checking services. Therefore, if your university provides you with a plagiarism-checking facility (as they often do), you should double-check your score on that system.

How long does the editing and proofreading process take?

It depends on the length of the document, the overall quality of the writing (i.e., the number of issues to be resolved) and our project load at the time of submission.

Generally speaking, we can complete a standard dissertation/thesis of 20,000 words within 2-3 days , but this varies depending on the factors above. Therefore, we strongly recommend that you pre-book your editing with us for a specific date. For pre-booked projects, we can provide a guaranteed timeline, which is generally shorter than that of "walk-in" projects. Please email us to pre-book your project.

Can you provide a certificate of editing?

Yes , certainly. We can issue a certificate according to your university's requirements. We can also sign any paperwork required by your university as proof of editing.

Will my document be treated as confidential?

Yes , absolutely. Your work will be treated as strictly confidential and will never be shared or published. We will gladly sign a non-disclosure agreement (NDA) with you if you wish.

How much does editing cost?

Our fee is based on the total word count of the document. This includes the body content and the reference list (as we need to review this). You can also include the appendices if you wish, but it's generally not required.

Click here to view our pricing or book a free consultation to discuss your project.

When should I submit my document to you?

Generally, editing and proofreading should be the very last step in your writing process. This ensures that you don't "undo" any editing work, or introduce new typos or grammar issues.

However, if your supervisor has specifically instructed you to get your work edited before submitting it to them for final review, you should follow their instructions. If you're unsure which approach to take, get in touch with us.

Can you edit my dissertation/thesis as I complete each chapter?

We can, but we don't recommend it . By editing chapter by chapter, consistency is reduced and there is a strong chance that there will be conflicts between document versions in terms of references, page, table and figure numbers, and so on. As a result, a lot of the work will be "undone" and you'll need to spend a lot of time revising and checking each section.

How much time should I factor in post-edit to make corrections?

We recommend that you factor in a day or two to make your final corrections after receiving your document back from us. This is not essential (as you can just accept all our edits "as is"), but it is a good idea to have a buffer in case you want to make any additions or revisions. You might also need to fix issues highlighted by the edit, e.g., regarding clarity of meaning or problems flagged with your referencing.

Can you do a second review of my document after the first edit?

We can review your document as many times as you need , but each review is charged separately. In other words, we cannot provide a second review (after we've edited and proofread) free of charge.

Can you check that my Conclusions and Recommendations represent all my findings?

This is beyond the scope of language editing, as it involves data analysis and interpretation. If you would like assistance with this, we can assist with 1-on-1 coaching , where we review your work critically and provide in-depth feedback (you can view a sample of this here ).

Can you write my abstract (or exec summary) for me?

No , we can't. As part of the editing process, we will improve the quality of your writing, but we cannot write any section for you. Having any section written for you would constitute academic misconduct.

Can you rephrase text to reduce my plagiarism score?

No , we can’t. While we may undertake some very light rewriting of poorly constructed sentences to improve readability and ease of understanding, we cannot revise content to reduce plagiarism, as we are not familiar with the articles/sources being referenced.

Can you arrange the separate sections of my document?

No , we cannot arrange (or rearrange) sections of content on your behalf, as this may impact the core meaning and/or the thread of argument.

That said, if we feel that a section could be structured better for clarity, we will comment on this and make suggestions. Additionally, we will check that your headings and subheadings are numbered sequentially and are consistent in style.

I still have questions…

No problem. Feel free to email us or book an initial consultation to discuss.

Still have a question?  No problem – feel free to  email us  or  book a consultation .

What our clients say

David's depth of knowledge in research methodology was truly impressive. He demonstrated a profound understanding of the nuances and complexities of my research area, offering insights that I hadn't even considered. His ability to synthesize information, identify key research gaps, and suggest research topics was truly inspiring. I felt like I had a true expert by my side, guiding me through the complexities of the proposal. 

Cyntia Sacani (US)

I had been struggling with the first 3 chapters of my dissertation for over a year. I finally decided to give GradCoach a try and it made a huge difference. Alexandra provided helpful suggestions along with edits that transformed my paper. My advisor was very impressed.

Tracy Shelton (US)

Working with Kerryn has been brilliant. She has guided me through that pesky academic language that makes us all scratch our heads. I can't recommend Grad Coach highly enough; they are very professional, humble, and fun to work with. If like me, you know your subject matter but you're getting lost in the academic language, look no further, give them a go.

Tony Fogarty (UK)

So helpful! Amy assisted me with an outline for my literature review and with organizing the results for my MBA applied research project. Having a road map helped enormously and saved a lot of time. Definitely worth it.

Jennifer Hagedorn (Canada)

Everything about my experience was great, from Dr. Shaeffer’s expertise, to her patience and flexibility. I reached out to GradCoach after receiving a 78 on a midterm paper. Not only did I get a 100 on my final paper in the same class, but I haven’t received a mark less than A+ since. I recommend GradCoach for everyone who needs help with academic research.

Antonia Singleton (Qatar)

I started using Grad Coach for my dissertation and I can honestly say that if it wasn’t for them, I would have really struggled. I would strongly recommend them – worth every penny!

Richard Egenreider (South Africa)

Not convinced? Read more reviews and testimonials here .

Get A Quote For Your Project

Get an online quote in less than 60 seconds, or book a free, no-obligation consultation with a friendly Editing Specialist.

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Our Top 30 Thesis Editing Service Professionals

Browse accomplished thesis editors who are experts in your field.

We have edited thousands of thesis projects over the years and we understand each and every necessary element. From psychology and education to engineering, there are more than 20 academic subdisciplines to choose from, making the task of finding the right editor as straightforward as possible.

Proudly Trusted By:

14. EditingWithExperience

[Elite] 283 Client Reviews 14,403 Pages Edited

Editor at Elsevier Inc.

17. EMThompson

435 Client Reviews 22,677 Pages Edited

M.A. in Asian Studies from UC Berkeley

20. Campbell

550 Client Reviews 9,937 Pages Edited

Advertising Agency Principal at NC Partners

21. mgmediting

273 Client Reviews 7,610 Pages Edited

M.A. in English from the University of Louisiana

24. Ms._Litteraria

258 Client Reviews 5,677 Pages Edited

M.A. in English from Lehigh University

28. Keith2314

103 Client Reviews 2,991 Pages Edited

M.A. in Linguistics from Northeastern Illinois University

What We Bring to the Table

ServiceScape is built on 24 years worth of experience, working on over 340,000 projects with over 98,000 clients. Join the thousands of people who have chosen ServiceScape to find the best and brightest talent.

We know the challenges of writing a thesis

Completing a thesis is no easy feat. You may have poured months or even a year of hard work and meticulous research into this important project. After all that effort, we know that the last thing you want is for errors or inconsistencies to distract your readers from your valuable ideas. That's where ServiceScape comes in.

We are here to help you source the right talent and develop a rewarding working relationship with an editor who will collaborate with you to make your thesis shine. For decades, we have been a go-to name in thesis editing, enhancing hundreds of theses across a wide variety of subjects. Check out our vast selection of experienced thesis experts today to find the right editor with the right skill set for you.

How will we improve your thesis

Of course, we'll start with the basics, checking your entire thesis for errors in spelling, grammar, syntax, sentence structure, tense, and other areas. But that's just the beginning of our editing services. We specialize in preparing and editing theses across a wide spectrum of subjects, and we guarantee that the finished product will be a flawless piece of writing that's clear, precise, and focused. Once we get to work, we'll scrutinize and rectify any issues with academic language and progression of ideas. We'll dive deep into your content, give you an outside perspective on your methodology, and ensure that your findings and analysis are solid. In other words, whatever can be improved will be perfected.

Specifically, our editors will:

• Correct errors in spelling, grammar, syntax, tense, and sentence structure
• Ensure that your format and citations adhere to any required style guide, including APA, MLA, AMA, and CMS
• Improve readability, clarity, and flow
• Ensure tonal consistency
• Enhance your word choice and vocabulary
• Check for consistency in regional English spelling conventions, including American, British, Canadian, and Australian
• Remove redundant content to focus your writing, if necessary
• Review your reasoning, ensure that your ideas are fully developed, and ask questions to clarify your assertions if needed

In every way possible, we'll strive to make sure that your thesis is the very best it can be.

We also guarantee flawless style guide adherence

Do you need help with a specific style guide? No problem. Our editors have a deep understanding of most manuals of style, including APA, MLA, AMA, and CMS, and can ensure that your thesis follows all guidelines regarding format, in-text citations, endnotes, footnotes, and references. All you have to do is look at the style categories within our directory, and you will be sure to find an expert who understands every detail and nuance of your required style guide.

We guarantee that the following will be checked and corrected:

• Table of contents
• Introduction
• Reference list
• Works cited
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• Supplemental materials
• Running head
• Page numbers
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• Subheadings
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• Capitalization
• Abbreviations
• Mathematics
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• Concise writing
• Showing vs. telling
• Believability
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• First, second, third person
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• Titles and captions
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• Relation between tables
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• Photographs
• Electrophysiological data
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• Source medium
• Multiple works
• Specific parts of a source
• Unknown or anonymous author
• Multiple authors
• Primary sources
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• Works with the same author and date
• Authors with the same surname
• Multivolume works
• Indirect sources
• Non-print sources from internet
• Miscellaneous non-print sources
• Transcripts, plays, screenplays, music scores
• Websites, periodicals, common software, and apps
• Multiple citations
• When no citation is needed
• Title of source
• Title of container
• Other contributors
• Publication date
• Publisher location
• Source location
• Format and order
• Historical context
• Intersectionality
• Precision in research terms
• Racial and ethnic identity
• Sexual orientation
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• Conciseness
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• Parallelism
• Use of slang
• Tautologies
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• Purpose and significance
• Signal phrases

ServiceScape thesis editors use their extensive knowledge and skills to ensure that your format and style is the very best it can be.

We offer the most qualified and experienced thesis editors

An editor may have the right background and qualifications, but how do you know what to expect throughout the duration of the project? Will the editor be there for you? What if you add a new section to your thesis and need additional editing? Will the editor adapt to what you need when you need it? Most of all, will the final result be exactly what you are looking for?

With ServiceScape, you are never flying blind regarding quality of service. We handpick only the most skilled, experienced, and passionate thesis editors to join our team, so you can have the utmost confidence in your hiring decision. Our mission is to deliver world-class, professional editing services that will meet all your expectations.

In addition, many editors have added previously edited documents to their profiles, giving you a better understanding of what to expect from the editing process. Each editor has also been rated and reviewed by clients just like you. Many editors have hundreds or even thousands of reviews. All you have to do is check out an editor's profile to be informed by the experiences of others who have hired the same professional in the past.

Don't hesitate to reach out to your editor about your thesis

Do you want to interview each prospective editor to find the right fit for your thesis project? Would you like to brainstorm with the editor you have hired and have an ongoing dialogue?

We believe in facilitating the open exchange of ideas between you and your thesis editor. More importantly, we understand that you need a teammate — someone who can work with you effectively, ask questions to ensure that they understand your needs, answer any questions you may have along the way, and be responsive and reliable throughout the process. You can contact any editor at any time via messages and teleconferencing, enabling you to gain access to an educated outside perspective whenever you want. With our vast array of talent and a project management system built to deliver flawless service, we guarantee that your thesis will be in good hands.

Your source for professional thesis editors

At ServiceScape, there is an academic subject expert ready to enhance your writing and refine your thesis until it shines. We'll work with you step by step until you're completely satisfied with the result. However, we also understand that you don't want to lose the personal voice that expresses who you are through your writing. Our editors can adapt to your writing style, thinking like you and editing in a way that you naturally would. The words and the message will still be yours, just perfected.

So, what are you waiting for? Browse our list of professional editors and find your thesis editor today.

Frequently asked questions

You can hire an editor in just four steps:

• Browse our directory to find the editor you want to hire.
• Click the "View Profile" button to see additional information.
• From the profile page, click on the "Hire Me" button.
• Upload your writing and enter your project details.

You will have the option to either select a predefined service or create a custom project. If you select a predefined service, you can pay for your project immediately by using a credit card, U.S. bank transfer, or PayPal®. After your payment method has been approved, the editor will start working on the project as soon as possible and will deliver it by the due date you selected. If you select a custom project, the editor will provide you with a service proposal that will have a unique price for the unique service you require.

Sure! Many ServiceScape editors provide free samples. You can submit a free sample request by doing the following:

• Browse our directory to find an editor you'd like to ask for a free sample.
• From the profile page, click on the "Free Sample" button.

If the editor accepts your free sample request, you will receive the sample edited version within a couple of days.

To contact an editor about your project, just do the following:

• Browse our directory to find the editor you'd like to contact.
• From the profile page, click on the "Send Message" button.
• Write and send your message.

We will email you a notification as soon as your editor replies to your message.

If you would like to speak with an editor directly, just do the following:

• Browse our directory to find an editor you'd like to speak with on a teleconference call.
• From the profile page, click on the "Teleconference" button.
• Enter the date and time you would like to have your discussion.

We will contact you right away about availability and set up the teleconference for all parties involved.

You can find ratings and reviews from past clients within most editor profiles. Just find your editor and click on the "View Profile" button to see them. You can also read ServiceScape ratings and reviews on eKomi . In addition, ServiceScape has been featured in several publications and websites, including The Wall Street Journal , Los Angeles Times , UpWork , HuffPost , Indeed , and The Ladders .

Many editors have portfolios which feature their editing. Just find your editor and click on the "View Profile" button to view these edited versions.

A list of prices and due dates can be found within each editor's profile. Just find your editor and click on the "View Profile" button.

Yes, we provide editing certifications. Simply request the document when you hire an editor. When your project is delivered, you can download the editing certification by clicking on your project and clicking on the "Certification" button. These signed declarations certify that a document has been professionally edited by a ServiceScape editor.

Are you ready for the right thesis editor, right now?

Browse rated and reviewed professionals today.

Thesis writing service

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Read the bios of our writers, select one that fits your request best, and proceed to place funds in your account.

3. Get the desired outcome

Once your expert is done, you will be notified via email. Check the work, ask for free revisions, or pay straight away.

What we guarantee our clients

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Are you looking to make changes to your thesis? Request them from your writer in the first 30 days of your order for free.

Pay only if satisfied with our work. Otherwise, we will offer a change of writer or a refund.

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Empowered by writers in diverse areas, we skillfully handle all orders, regardless of the task type, academic level, or subject.

Our thesis writing service prioritizes your security and therefore has a fully encrypted website and safe payment gateways.

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Most asked questions, why go for our professional thesis writing service, can i be sure of the originality fo your thesis services, does your thesis writer service have guarantees, who are our experts, how quickly can you do my tasks, do you offer any free features, make your studies stress and effort-free with the help of our service, stay anonymous with our online thesis writing service.

Our team's main goal is to make sure that every student can get top-notch paper writing help whenever they need it. Additionally, privacy is always our top priority as we know it is a request of yours.

Live a stress-free life, say to us " write my thesis for me " and know that our service does not collect, store or disclose any personal information about you including your name or payment info. The only information we need from you is your email address to send you drafts and final versions of your papers. If you consent, we will also be sending you discount codes and promotions to help you stay on the student budget.

We have full website encryption and use safe payment gateways when processing your card details.

When you buy thesis paper at our thesis writing service, you don't have to worry about your safety or anonymity. Put your burdensome assignments in our hands and simplify your life!

Strictly original content each and every time

Forget ever having to worry about your paper's originality. With the help of our thesis writing service, your writing will level up and your originality score will be at a record high. Moreover, you don't have to take our word for it. Request a free originality report along with your order and see for yourself that our writers only use academic sources and site information according to your formatting requirements. Originality is not our only guarantee. We provide A-level custom thesis writing on time for your deadline for a student-friendly price.

Therefore, make sure to include clear instructions when placing your order and be in direct contact with your writer throughout the process. In case your requirements change, reach out to our 24/7 support service or just shoot your writer a message.

Our Ph.D. thesis writing service is the key to your flawless paper

Are you ready to step up your academics by receiving high-quality educational support from our experts? Our professional thesis writing services strive to put client satisfaction first. To do so, we employ only highly-qualified writers with years of experience, higher education, and a great rack record. On top of that, each and every writer is a United States or Canadian national, guaranteeing flawless English. Our service composes of writers with expertise in various fields, starting with chemistry and ending with marketing. Therefore, we are able to provide quality writing services for every client request. Each writer on our team will:

• conduct extensive research based on reliable sources,
• complete a range of assignments on time,
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More about our phd thesis writing service

Providing A-class thesis writing help to every student in need is the key goal and credo of our essay writing service . We work tirelessly to craft academic pieces from scratch and follow your requirements from A to Z. In the meantime, we sincerely hope that you use your free time, however, your heart desires. See your family, party with your friends, focus on other tasks and play sports. Whatever it is, we are here to give you the luxury of free time for it. No matter how complex your order is, we have just the right professional on our team to help you out. Choose the hassle-free solution to your academic worries and know that your thesis is in the hands of time-tested and student-trusted experts.

Thesis & Dissertation Binding Specialists USA

Thesis and dissertation, printing and binding specialists usa.

DB Bookbinders is the USA’s premier provider of thesis binding services.

With decades of experience in the industry, we specialize in crafting professional-grade thesis and dissertation bindings for universities and colleges across the United States of America.

Our expert binder team can create stunning and durable bindings that you can be proud to submit. Plus, our online thesis uploading platform is simple and straightforward, so you can get your order ready and shipped to you quickly.

We offer a wide range of binding styles to choose from, including buckram , vegan leather , and genuine leather , so you can find the perfect binding for your thesis or dissertation.

Don’t wait get started now and craft a binding that will make a lasting impression.

Thesis Order Form 2023

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Bible Restoration & Repairs (Quotation)

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Amazing finished product. Great service along the way and very professional. Highly recommended!!

DB Bookbinders did a great job printing and binding my thesis. There was an issue with the ordering form's file upload but easily solved via email. Thank you!

With over 30 years of experience, we specialise in providing high-quality thesis and dissertation binding services for universities and colleges in the United States.

Our experienced team of binders can craft beautiful, professional-grade bindings for your thesis or dissertation.

With our easy online thesis uploading platform, you can place your order and have it shipped to you in no time. We also offer a range of binding styles, from buckram, vegan leather, to genuine leather, so you can choose the perfect binding for your thesis or dissertation.

Get started today and craft a binding that you will be proud to submit.

Thesis and Dissertation FAQ's Still have questions? We have answers!

There’s a lot to weigh up! We’ve put together a couple of handy guides to help you know what to look for when you’re getting your thesis, dissertation or design folio bound.

Thankfully, we’ve written a handy guide to knowing what to know before you go to a bookbinder. Have a read of ‘Five Things You Need to Know’ by clicking the button below.

Get your bound Thesis delivered to the following USA Universities

Dissertations presented professionally.

Compliment your work with the best presentation possible  

It can take years to develop your thesis or dissertation. Looking professional is essential for something this important.  

Bindery work is a craft and we are very critical of the quality of paper, coverings and other materials that contribute to an impressive finish. Our fine-tuned processes ensure construction integrity, precision with all cuts and edges and overall consistency. You can really tell the difference. 

We get the presentation of your thesis or dissertation to a level to impress. Nothing less is satisfactory to us.  

Go to our  dissertation binding form  to place your order. 

Servicing students and professionals from the largest universities in the United States!   

• Harvard University
• Stanford University
• Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
• University of California, Berkeley (UCB)
• Princeton University
• Yale University
• Columbia University
• University of Pennsylvania
• University of Michigan
• University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
• University of Chicago
• University of Virginia
• Johns Hopkins University
• Cornell University
• Duke University
• University of Texas at Austin 
• Northwestern University
• University of Washington
• University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• Georgia Institute of Technology
• and many more!

We are experts in professional binding and would love to assist with your thesis or dissertation binding today.

DISSERTATION BINDING IN THE UNITED STATES

We enjoy hearing from our happy customers after they’ve received their delivery of bound theses and that ‘magic moment’ of excitement. It’s something to be proud of and we love being part of that.

DB Bookbinders proudly supports university students and academics right across the U.S. with their thesis and dissertation printing and binding needs.

We also provide various other book binding restoration services to a broad range of professional organisations across the United States including colleges, universities and government organisations.

Read more about  our services .

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Dissertation Printing & Binding

✓ Live preview of your binding

✓  3D look inside function

✓ FREE express delivery

Express delivery:

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Inhaltsverzeichnis

• 1 Why Choose BachelorPrint
• 2 Our Bindings
• 3 Comparison Of Bindings
• 4 100% Real Reviews

Why Choose BachelorPrint

FREE express delivery

Upload your dissertation into our online shop, choose your binding and submit your order. Receive your order with free express delivery within a few days!

INNOVATIVE look inside function

Check your dissertation online before printing – this is possible with our look inside-function that lets you browse through your dissertation online with all extra gadgets displayed.

Online 3D configuration

Configure your dissertation with just a few clicks. Every modification to your binding is shown online, live in a 3D preview, plus estimated date of delivery and price calculation.

Our Bindings

You can pick from various bindings at BachelorPrint. However, depending on the type of work, you should ensure that you have it bound correctly. Thermal binding is a good choice if you have your dissertation bound. Most students like the thermal binding because it offers exceptional value for money.

Tip: The binding should reflect the content. The higher the significance of your work to you, the higher the quality of your binding should be. However, it is imperative that you verify whether your university has any specific submission requirements.

Leather Book Bindings

Premium leather binding, refinements, standard leather binding, excellence at its finest.

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Thermal Binding

Spiral binding, metal spiral binding, plastic spiral binding.

Advantages Of An Online Printing Service

Order from the comfort of your home

Printing and binding your dissertation is a breeze from your own living room. There is no need for endless searches for a copy or print shop, annoyance-inducing trips through the city, or lengthy waits. Simply configure your desired binding and receive your dissertation the following day via free express delivery.

Numerous possibilities & all in one place

At BachelorPrint, you can choose from many types of bindings that are good quality. You can also customize them with various options and features. You can decide how your dissertation looks by using different tools like ribbon markers, book corners, or individual embossing.

Furthermore, you don’t have to worry about how your binding will look when it’s all done. With our live preview and the look inside function, you can look at your dissertation and see if everything fits.

Ordered today, delivered tomorrow!

Deliver anywhere you want in a flash!

Comparison Of Bindings

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The customer is king! We care about your opinion, and we do everything possible to meet your needs. Take a look at our Instagram channel or read the Google reviews of our happy customers.

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Are You Having Any Questions?

You can check out our FAQs or contact our customer service team

Why should I do my dissertation binding online?

BachelorPrint as an online printing service offers you several advantages:

• 24-hour delivery for dissertations, even in large quantities. Order before the countdown above runs out, and we deliver the next day (depending on your location)
• Free delivery
• No minimum order value
• Free 100 g/m² branded paper for optimal print quality
• High-quality binding for your dissertation
• 3D live preview in the BachelorPrint print shop
• Customizable embossing for your cover with the logo of your institution
• Free “type of work” embossing (e.g., bachelor’s thesis, master’s thesis, dissertation)

What are the costs for dissertation printing?

The most important factor for most students when it comes to dissertation printing is the price. The price includes factors such as the type of binding and the number of pages when printing and binding your dissertation. You can calculate the exact price for your dissertation printing beforehand in our print shop .

Would you like to print your dissertation, for instance, with 20 pages, and then bind it with the premium leather binding with additional embossed details? The estimated cost is $64.80. This is 45% less compared to other market prices! Plus: with BachelorPrint, your order is delivered for free!

At BachelorPrint, we use 100 g/m² premium paper as standard for printing and set the same price for color and black/white printing.

Where can I order my dissertation binding?

To have your dissertation printed and bound, you can either go to a copy shop or simply order your dissertation binding online. Both have their advantages and disadvantages.

One advantage of the print shop is that you can conveniently place your order from home. You configure your binding and then look at the end product using our 3D live preview. Then simply order and get your order delivered the next day for free.

Which paper to use for printing and binding a dissertation?

For works, such as dissertations, either 80 g/m² paper or 100 g/m² paper is used. At BachelorPrint we use 100 g/m² paper as our standard, as it is not only more robust but also feels better when you browse through the dissertation. However, if you want to print and bind your dissertation on both sides, we recommend that you use 120 g/m² paper to ensure that the text does not show through.

If you want to know more about the right paper for your dissertation, follow this link to our blog post: Which paper for dissertation printing & binding?

Which type of binding is recommended for a dissertation?

We recommend high-quality binding for important works, such as a dissertation. For this reason, the leather binding is our top recommendation! It looks noble and high-grade and gives your examiner a perfect first impression.

How long does dissertation binding take?

If you decide on dissertation binding with BachelorPrint, we recommend that you keep an eye on the countdown above and make use of the delivery time calculator as soon as possible. The next-day express delivery is free of charge at BachelorPrint.

Visit the print shop to see your exact delivery date.

How can I save money when printing a dissertation?

With BachelorPrint you have many options to have your dissertation printed and bound inexpensively. Additionally, you can also get embossing for “type of work” free of charge, as well as express delivery.

Do you want to save extra money? Check our page for free printing !

Do you have further questions about the printing and binding of your dissertation? Contact us: [email protected] 724 281 3937 Free 24h Customer Service  

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Theses & Dissertations Overview

Guiding principles: the graduate school style manual.

The  Graduate School Style Manual  establishes a set of standards designed to ensure consistency, legibility, and professional appearance of theses and dissertations. These standards are not intended to comprehensively address all the minutiae of style and formatting. Students should refer to their academic department’s choice of style manuals for such specifics.  Note:  You must follow these guidelines to format your thesis/dissertation for the first format check. If it is apparent that you have not made a reasonable attempt to do so, your document will not be checked and your graduation may be delayed until a future semester.

Preparing for Electronic Submission

• Choosing a software package
• Creating single or multiple files
• Formatting your document
• Front Matter Templates
• Converting your document to PDF
• Using Adobe Acrobat

Submitting your documents

• ETD Format Check Submission  You must have a format check done before you can submit your official copy.
• ETD Final Submission   Please note: Proof-reading changes cannot be made to the document once it has been accepted as final. Please make sure that you are happy with the document you submit and do not submit until you are sure no additional edits to the content will be needed. Please do NOT create a brand-new ProQuest account when it is time to submit the final version of your thesis or dissertation. Simply log into your original ProQuest account, visit the document upload area, and replace the PDF that is there with the revised and final PDF.

Doctoral Students Only

Survey of Earned Doctorates:   The Survey of Earned Doctorates (SED)  gathers data from all doctorate graduates each year. The responses become part of the Doctorate Records File, a virtually complete databank on doctorate recipients from 1920 to the present. These data serve policymakers at the federal, state, local and university levels.  Privacy : Information you provide is kept confidential and is safeguarded in accordance with the Privacy Act of 1974, as amended. The survey data are reported only in aggregate form or in a manner that does not identify information about any individual. Your information is vital to future program development and funding. Please register for the survey on the  SED Registration Website . You will receive a pin and password to complete the secure survey.

Questions About Formatting Your Thesis or Dissertation

If you cannot find your answers to formatting questions in the Graduate School Style Manual, you may address your question to  [email protected] . References

• The Graduate School Style Manual  All ETDs must conform to the Graduate School style requirements
• Human Subjects Guidelines  The Human Subjects Office at the Office of the Vice-President for Research Policies and Procedures for Electronic Theses and Dissertations
• ETD Library  Theses and Dissertations that have been submitted to the Graduate School are available via the UGA Libraries Galileo System; any inquiries regarding the ETD Library site and its contents should be directed to the Library (note that it may take some time for the Library system to process new theses and dissertations after they have been accepted by the Graduate School)

After You’ve Finished

Graduating students who wish to purchase copies of their work have a choice to either order bound copies from ProQuest or UGA Print and Copy Services. If you wish to order from ProQuest, you may place your order during the creation of your ProQuest account. If you would like copies of your thesis or dissertation from UGA,  Print and Copy Services at the Tate Student Center  will print and bind your thesis or dissertation in the traditional black hard cover with gold lettering, or the format of your choice. Please note that UGA Print and Copy Services will not have access to your document until the Graduate School has approved the  final  copy of your thesis or dissertation.

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Title: fundamental components of deep learning: a category-theoretic approach.

Abstract: Deep learning, despite its remarkable achievements, is still a young field. Like the early stages of many scientific disciplines, it is marked by the discovery of new phenomena, ad-hoc design decisions, and the lack of a uniform and compositional mathematical foundation. From the intricacies of the implementation of backpropagation, through a growing zoo of neural network architectures, to the new and poorly understood phenomena such as double descent, scaling laws or in-context learning, there are few unifying principles in deep learning. This thesis develops a novel mathematical foundation for deep learning based on the language of category theory. We develop a new framework that is a) end-to-end, b) unform, and c) not merely descriptive, but prescriptive, meaning it is amenable to direct implementation in programming languages with sufficient features. We also systematise many existing approaches, placing many existing constructions and concepts from the literature under the same umbrella. In Part I we identify and model two main properties of deep learning systems parametricity and bidirectionality by we expand on the previously defined construction of actegories and Para to study the former, and define weighted optics to study the latter. Combining them yields parametric weighted optics, a categorical model of artificial neural networks, and more. Part II justifies the abstractions from Part I, applying them to model backpropagation, architectures, and supervised learning. We provide a lens-theoretic axiomatisation of differentiation, covering not just smooth spaces, but discrete settings of boolean circuits as well. We survey existing, and develop new categorical models of neural network architectures. We formalise the notion of optimisers and lastly, combine all the existing concepts together, providing a uniform and compositional framework for supervised learning.

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Utrecht University students win KHMW Jan Brouwer Thesis Awards 2024

Oana Ciuraru (former student Dutch Literature and Culture) and Tara Tankink (Public Administration and Organizational Science) both win a Jan Brouwer Thesis Award from the Koninklijke Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen (KHMW). Ciuraru receives the award for her research on 'petroculture' in early twentieth-century literature, and Tankink investigated the influence of hidden disabilities on students.

"Leading edge and pioneering"

Oana Ciuraru wins the Jan Brouwer Thesis Award for Language and Literature Studies for her thesis 'Rubik's Cube: An investigation into Dutch petroculture from the interwar period'. Ciuraru describes, based on Dutch and Romanian sources/corpora, how the modernist literature of the 1920s and 1930s reflects the increasingly central significance of oil extraction.

A century later, this thematization of 'petroculture' is of course much more heavily loaded, politically and ecologically, and acquires unsuspected contemporary resonances," the jury writes in its report. According to the jury, Ciuraru's thesis is therefore "extremely current," and her transnational approach is "pioneering for contemporary Dutch studies." "It connects the historical method with contemporary theory formation of 'eco-criticism'."

“Recommendations that can be applied immediately

The thesis 'Ableism at University: Experiencing Student Life with an Invisible Disability' earns Tara Tankink the Jan Brouwer Thesis Award for Political Science and Public Administration. Tankink focuses on the experiences of students with invisible disabilities, such as mental vulnerabilities, and investigates how they perceive the university's approach to them.

The jury describes Tankink's thesis as "convincing" and "creative" and praises her dedication. "This student truly cares about the subject and succeeds in conducting strong research from a personal involvement while maintaining scientific precision by reflecting on this involvement." According to the jury, her research provides "a very clear and revealing insight into an experience of the world that many people are not familiar with," and Tankink's recommendations are considered highly relevant and directly applicable for universities.

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How Princeton’s Kaitlyn Chen handles thesis deadlines and NCAA Tournament dreams

Just two days before the start of the Ivy League tournament, Princeton star Kaitlyn Chen turned in a draft of her senior thesis. A medical anthropology major, Chen is writing on the relationship between sports and meritocracy. More specifically, she’s researching how socioeconomic status influences accessibility to certain sports, and how that translates to college athletics recruiting. She admits, rather humbly, that she is still figuring out parts of her argument, such as how to square the financial barriers athletes have growing up with the hard work they put in. She’s written about 70 pages. “I’ve still got a lot of editing,” she said. “Stuff to take out and put in.”

Chen played four sports growing up in San Marino, Calif. By high school, she settled on volleyball and basketball. The latter was always her favorite. Like many Angelenos, the Lakers’ back-to-back championships in 2009 and 2010 helped cement her interest in the game.

The 2023 Ivy League Player of the Year, Chen is approaching her final stretch with the Tigers. They have made five consecutive NCAA Tournament appearances as an automatic qualifier after winning their conference tournament, including this season’s Ivy championship over Columbia . The past two seasons, they won their first round NCAA Tournament game as well. No. 9 seed Princeton will look to do the same on Saturday against No. 8 seed West Virginia (with a tipoff is set for 5:30 p.m. ET). A matchup likely against the top-seeded Iowa Hawkeyes awaits in the second round.

HER. 17.5 points – ✅ 4.5 assists – ✅ 3.0 rebounds – ✅ 2.0 steals – ✅ Most Outstanding Player 3Peat. The definition of a superstar – @kaitlynchenn2 #GetStops 🐯🏀 pic.twitter.com/N75uM12agD — Princeton WBB (@PrincetonWBB) March 17, 2024

Although Chen is a senior, she will play another year of college basketball next season. She isn’t exactly sure where, however. Chen is suiting up at one of the most unique times to be an Ivy athlete.

While the NCAA provided college athletes an additional year of eligibility because of the COVID-19 pandemic, Ivy League rules prohibit its athletes from using the eligibility within the league. If they want to play to keep playing, they need to do so somewhere else. As a result, Chen entered the transfer portal last fall, weeks before she began her second straight All-Ivy season. The public expectation is a national powerhouse — perhaps UConn , UCLA , USC or Stanford — will be her next stop. “She’s gonna go in and really help a team out a lot,” Princeton coach Carla Berube said.

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Even for Chen, the thought of doing so is a bit surreal. “When I was enrolling on campus, we didn’t even have a season,” she said. “It is pretty crazy to think about how far we’ve come in the last four years.”

She moved cross-country in the fall of 2020 not knowing if her freshman basketball season would even occur. In July 2020, the Ivy League canceled its fall sports and said winter sports would resume Jan. 1, at the earliest. They didn’t start back up until the fall of 2021.

Instead, during her first semester, Chen, fellow freshman Chet Nweke and three other teammates ran laps, did ladder sprints and performed burpees on an outdoor track. They played pickup on outdoor courts until it got too cold. Her apartment complex had an indoor hoop, “but it was like the tiniest court ever,” Chen said, with barely enough space to shoot a high-school distance 3-pointer.

In the spring of 2021, Princeton students were allowed back on campus, but most of Chen’s teammates had either taken a gap year or elected against coming back with no games scheduled. Chen, Nweke, seniors Carlie Littlefield and McKenna Haire and junior guard Abby Meyers , however, stayed in the area, working almost daily with the Tigers’ coaching staff. They lifted weights and developed their games, with Chen showcasing her body control on contested layups and her ability to finish over players, no matter their size. During one practice, in particular, Meyers recalls going against Chen in a drill called the Texas Death Match.

“I hated it, because most of the time, I would have to guard Kaitlyn because she’s just crafty and quick,” Meyers said. On that occasion, Meyers added, “She broke my ankle so bad that I actually sprained my ankle. I was only out for a few days.”

Chen didn’t gloat much then. Nor does she now. By the start of her sophomore season, which was her first with actual games, she had already grown close with the teammates she spent hours practicing with the previous spring. Berube said that while Chen’s freshman season was a tough, unusual time, she grew even more fond of Chen. “It was also a really special time for all those reasons,” Berube said.

The Tigers went 25-5 during Chen’s sophomore campaign and won the Ivy League tournament over Columbia. Princeton upset Kentucky in its Round of 64 game, only 13 days removed from the Wildcats topping South Carolina in the SEC tournament final. Last weekend, Meyers, who is currently playing professionally for the London Lions, re-watched the entirety of that victory. Years later, Meyers remains struck by Chen’s performance. She scored 17 points and made 9 of 11 free throws in her NCAA Tournament debut.

“Every time we needed her to score or do something, she followed through with it,” Meyers said. “It reminded me of how clutch Kaitlyn Chen is during the big moments.”

That season, Meyers said the Tigers had a tradition to keep themselves grounded at the start of quarters and after timeouts. The five players on-court would huddle together, and take a synchronized deep breath in and out. They’d say they loved each other and break the circle down. Then, like now, Chen played with a calm that rubbed off on her teammates. “You just trust her so much,” Berube said. “She could put the team on her back in a way that I’ve never seen or been a part of. But doing it in a way that gets her players to play with great joy.

“I wish we had one more year together after this season.”

In some ways, there has never been a better time to be an Ivy League star. Though Chen says interest in women’s basketball hasn’t changed that much on campus since she arrived, the conference’s national profile has heightened. It was one of two mid-major conferences to receive multiple bids to this year’s NCAA Tournament. (Columbia, which split the Ivy regular season title with Princeton, lost its First Four game against Vanderbilt on Wednesday night.) The league says its social media accounts (excluding school-specific channels) have had more than 6 million impressions on women’s basketball content this year, a 65 percent increase from the 2018-19 season. McKenzie Forbes, Kaitlyn Davis and Kayla Padilla transferred to USC from Harvard , Columbia and Penn, respectively, and play integral roles for the top-seeded Trojans . Former Princeton coach, Courtney Banghart, has made the NCAA Tournament every season since taking the UNC job.

From Ivy to gold: How USC's trio of former Ivy League 'nerds' carried Trojans to Pac-12 title

Though former Tigers, such as Bella Alarie and Blake Deitrick, went straight from Princeton to the WNBA , Meyers was among the first players to take advantage of the transfer rule to further her career. After winning Ivy Player of the Year honors in 2021-22, she transferred to Maryland, where started 34 of 35 games and averaged 14.3 points on 45.5 percent shooting from the field. She parlayed her success with the Terrapins into being a first-round WNBA Draft pick last April.

“I just hope that I showed some people that I played at Princeton, a mid-major school, I’m a nerd and I can also ball,” Meyers said. “And there’s other people doing just that.”

Chen is one of them. She averaged 15.8 points and 5 assists per game this season. She said of the Ivy League: “I think it’ll only get more competitive from here … You can come to the Ivy League, get an amazing education but also play at the highest level and be able to compete in the NCAA Tournament.” After the Lions’ at-large berth, the Ivy hopes the selection committee will continue to consider it as a multi-bid league. A school might not even need to win the Ivy Madness to make the field of 68.

In the locker room after beating Columbia for the Ivy tournament title, players showered Berube with water in celebration. Fittingly, Berube had only one clean, and dry, shirt left in her bag – an orange T-shirt with Chen’s face printed on it — which she wore to her postgame press conference. “You cannot possibly be wearing that right now,” Chen told her coach.

Princeton coach Carla Berube wearing a shirt with the face of her star guard Kaitlyn Chen printed on it. “I got soaking wet in the locker room and this is the shirt I had remaining,” Berube says. pic.twitter.com/jjfoekUglH — Ben Pickman (@benpickman) March 17, 2024

Berube said she planned to bring it to Iowa City. “It’s pretty good luck. I’d love to be able to break that out again,” she said. Perhaps she will if the Tigers shock the Hawkeyes.

A matchup with the Mountaineers is first, however. And the contest hasn’t been the only thing on Chen’s mind this week. She already received feedback on her thesis. Chen says her advisor complimented her rough draft but also gave lots of edits. “It’s so hard to work on it right now because I just want to watch West Virginia play,” she said. Earlier this week, she was trying to do both. “That’s just part of being a Princeton student-athlete,” Berube said.

That’s what Chen still is, for as long as the Tigers stay alive.

(Photo of Kaitlyn Chen: Gregory Fisher / Icon Sportswire via Getty Images)

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Ben Pickman is a staff writer for The Athletic covering the WNBA and women’s college basketball. Previously, he was a writer at Sports Illustrated where he primarily covered women’s basketball and the NBA. He has also worked at CNN Sports and the Wisconsin Center for Journalism Ethics. Follow Ben on Twitter @ benpickman

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• March 26, 2024

Undergraduate Thesis 2024 Engages the Cultural Moment with Visionary Design

In acknowledgement of the extraordinary work done by the 2024 Undergraduate Thesis class, SCI-Arc is proud to announce its 2024 UG Thesis Weekend April 19–20, as this year’s graduating thesis students present and share their accomplishments with the world. “Thesis is a process of critical and curious engagement with the world,” shares Undergraduate Thesis Coordinator Maxi Spina, “an extraordinary time to take risks, to research intensively, and to consider a world outside oneself. Ideas, philosophies, and debates become mediums alongside materials, processes, and systems, as architecture becomes a practice of propositions." Each year, Undergraduate Thesis at SCI-Arc prepares fifth-year B.Arch students to articulate, propose, and defend their ideas and positions on architecture as well as engage with professionals as peers and colleagues. In their final semester of design studio, students in SCI-Arc’s Undergraduate Thesis class complete the production of a year-long thesis project, which addresses a position in relation to contemporary architectural discourse and presents a highly developed building design project. Topics students inquired into through their thesis projects this year represent a vibrant cross section of the cultural moment—from the design of affordable housing to large public venues that provide equitable access to culture, sports, and athletics, to the architecture of the circular economy. This year’s thesis class uniquely highlights the discipline’s efforts to deepen its agency and entanglement with contemporary issues. April 19-20, SCI-Arc’s fifth-year B.Arch students will present their thesis projects during an immersive, in-person Undergraduate Thesis Weekend, a public platform during which over 80 jurors, critics, and architecture professionals from around the globe converge to discuss, debate, and dispute emerging questions in architecture. SCI-Arc’s 2024 Undergraduate Thesis Weekend will be held at SCI-Arc’s Arts District campus, so the public and visiting guests alike can experience the boundary-pushing work of this year’s remarkable Undergraduate Thesis class. Keep an eye on the Undergraduate Thesis 2024 event page for updates on how to access review schedule for the entire weekend, participating juror list, student thesis projects, and more.

Working nine to thrive

At a glance.

• Health can be meaningfully modified by factors outside traditional healthcare systems, including work factors.
• Employers have considerable opportunities to improve health through six modifiable drivers: social interaction, mindsets and beliefs, productive activity, stress, economic security, and sleep.
• Globally, improving employee health and well-being could create $3.7 trillion to $11.7 trillion in economic value.

Imagine a world in which employers make evidence-based investments in the health of their employees. In return, they reap a manifold benefit to those investments: their employees thrive, their business thrives, and the societies in which they operate thrive. There's a positive opportunity that arises when employers address the inherent interconnectedness between work and health.

The 23 drivers of health

The McKinsey Health Institute has identified 23 drivers of health across six categories. 1 Lars Hartenstein and Tom Latkovic, “ The secret to great health? Escaping the healthcare matrix ,” McKinsey Health Institute, December 20, 2022. All of them are considered modifiable]:[[footnote 2]

• physical inputs: diet, supplementation, and substance use
• movement: mobility, exercise, and sleep
• daily living: productive activity, social interaction, content consumption, and hygiene
• exposure: nature, atmosphere, sensory stimulation, materials, and stress
• state of being: mindsets and beliefs, body composition, physical security, and economic security
• healthcare: vaccination, detection and diagnosis, clinical intervention, adherence

Together, the drivers of health have a broad influence on holistic health (mental, physical, social, and spiritual health) and apply to settings beyond the workplace. Other research on holistic health  has explored a smaller ecosystem of factors that are directly measurable within an organization. 3 Jacqueline Brassey, Brad Herbig, Barbara Jeffery, and Drew Ungerman, “ Reframing employee health: Moving beyond burnout to holistic health ,” McKinsey Health Institute, November 2, 2023; Sanne Magnan, “Social determinants of health 101 for health care: Five plus five,” National Academy of Medicine, October 9, 2017.

The McKinsey Health Institute (MHI) has previously identified 23 drivers of health  (see sidebar “The 23 drivers of health”). 1 Lars Hartenstein and Tom Latkovic, “ The secret to great health? Escaping the healthcare matrix ,” McKinsey Health Institute, December 20, 2022. Employment can greatly influence some of these drivers, such as social interaction and sleep. In this article, we zoom in on six drivers of health that employers can influence and could be wise to support. By improving employees’ health, employers could add trillions of dollars to the global economy and have a positive impact on society. When employers and employees work together to improve modifiable drivers of health, everyone benefits.

Modifiable drivers of health in the workplace: What does the research say?

Six modifiable drivers of health in the workplace—social interaction, mindsets and beliefs, productive activity, stress, economic security, and sleep—were identified from the growing body of research that connects the dots among drivers of health and the workplace. Researchers are building a greater understanding of how employers can address modifiable drivers to create change in favor of optimal employee health.

Considering that the average person spends a third of their life at work (more than 90,000 hours in a lifetime), 2 “How many hours does the average person work per week?,” FreshBooks, April 17, 2023. employment can be a critical piece of the puzzle when working toward the goal of improving global health. MHI analyzed 26 workplace factors  to understand how they influence a range of health- and work-related outcomes across 30 countries. 3 Jacqueline Brassey, Brad Herbig, Barbara Jeffery, and Drew Ungerman, “ Reframing employee health: Moving beyond burnout to holistic health ,” McKinsey Health Institute, November 2, 2023. In this article, any McKinsey Health Institute research not otherwise cited comes from this source. That research showed there are important differences between the workplace factors that lead to poor health and those that lead to good health. Our analysis found that employee self-efficacy, adaptability, and feelings of belonging at work were top predictors of good health, whereas toxic workplace behaviors, role ambiguity, and role conflict at work were top predictors of poor health.

Previously, researchers at the University of Oxford’s Wellbeing Research Centre analyzed data from more than 15 million employees on their well-being and the underlying workplace factors driving it. 4 “How to use the Work Wellbeing Score on Indeed company pages,” Indeed, May 1, 2023. The researchers identified and tested 11 factors, including compensation, flexibility, purpose, inclusion, achievement, support, trust, belonging, management, and learning. The three top factors for the companies that scored best on well-being were feeling energized, belonging, and trust. Interestingly, they are different from the top drivers that employees think will make them happy and drive well-being at work: pay and flexibility. 5 “The key drivers of workplace wellbeing: Tapping into the hidden gems of happiness,” Indeed, July 6, 2021.

Together, all the research led us to identify six drivers of health that employers can most easily influence.

Employers can improve employee health through six modifiable drivers

Our analysis shows that employers can effect significant change through six modifiable drivers of health: social interaction, mindsets and beliefs, productive activity, stress, economic security, and sleep. 6 We recognize that employers can influence other modifiable drivers of health not specifically addressed here (for example, diet and mobility) but are focusing this article on the drivers most likely to create considerable opportunities for employers to improve health.

Social interaction

The positive effects of regular social interactions on health have been widely reported. For instance, a study reviewing mortality rates has documented an average 50 percent increase in likelihood for survival if participants have strong social relationships. 1 Julianne Holt-Lunstad, J. Bradley Layton, and Timothy B. Smith, “Social relationships and mortality risk: A meta-analytic review,  PLOS Medicine , July 2010, Volume 7, Number 7. Furthermore, social integration during childhood is related to lower blood pressure and body mass index in adulthood. 2 For more, see Jenny M. Cundiff and Karen A. Matthews, “Friends with health benefits: The long-term benefits of early peer social integration for blood pressure and obesity in midlife,” Psychological Science , May 2018, Volume 29, Number 5.

Social interactions at work experienced by employees strongly influence health and workplace outcomes. Feeling connected at work is associated with greater innovation, engagement, and quality of work—and may be especially impactful for those with smaller social networks outside of their jobs. 3 For more, see  Our epidemic of loneliness and isolation: The U.S. Surgeon General’s advisory on the healing effects of social connection and community , US Office of the Surgeon General, May 3, 2023. MHI’s 2023 research shows experiencing toxic workplace behavior is a strong predictor of negative health outcomes at work, including loneliness at work, the intention to leave an organization, and burnout symptoms.

Toxic workplace behavior is a critical workplace driver to combat. If left unaddressed, it can mitigate the benefits of any health and well-being initiatives pursued. Examples of interventions to counter toxic workplace behavior include establishing a zero-tolerance policy for it and creating anonymous feedback processes through which employees can report it—which also normalizes a culture of providing concrete, specific feedback to colleagues. 4 For more, see Amy Gallo, “How to manage a toxic employee,”  Harvard Business Review , October 3, 2016, and Deepa Purushothaman and Lisen Stromberg, “Leaders, Stop Rewarding Toxic Rock Stars,”  Harvard Business Review , April 20, 2022.

Meanwhile, experiencing psychological safety  on a team and support from coworkers and managers predicts positive health outcomes, including better holistic health . In 2023, MIT Sloan School of Management researchers outlined proven social-health initiatives that helped managers build psychological safety on their teams. 5 Chris Rider et al., “Proven tactics for improving teams’ psychological safety,”  MIT Sloan Management Review , March 27, 2023. They included training managers to use one-on-one meetings to increase employee individuation 6 “Individuation” refers to treating employees as unique individuals. by asking employees what was important to them and where they needed support. Another use of the meetings was to remove blockers for employees by helping them prioritize among tasks. Interestingly, individuation has been shown to increase psychological safety the most when psychological safety is relatively low, while removing blockers is more effective when psychological safety is relatively high.

Mindsets and beliefs

Research, including MHI analysis, has demonstrated a connection between positive mindsets and beliefs and better health experience. 1 For more, see Mathias Allemand, Patrick L. Hill, and Brent W. Roberts, “Examining the pathways between gratitude and self-rated physical health across adulthood,”  Personality and Individual Differences , January 2013, Volume 54, Number 1; Lisa A. Williams and Monica Y. Bartlett, “Warm thanks: Gratitude expression facilitates social affiliation in new relationships via perceived warmth,”  Emotion , February 2015, Volume 15, Number 1; and David S. Yeager et al., “A synergistic mindsets intervention protects adolescents from stress,”  Nature , July 2022, Volume 607, Number 7,919. This includes the positive effects of a growth mindset on mental health and the benefits of gratitude on physical health. Positive mindsets and beliefs in the workplace are also greatly influential in good holistic health.

In fact, good holistic health isn’t achieved by completely avoiding workplace stressors. Instead, it can be maintained through creating positive experiences at work, such as experiencing high self-efficacy, high adaptability, a feeling of meaning, and a feeling of belonging at work. For example, an individual may be able to tolerate the stress of a looming deadline on a big project if they believe that they have the support of their team.

Employers can foster meaning and belonging by engaging employees through compelling storytelling and fostering a connection to an organization’s mission. Purpose-driven companies that excel at this grow two times faster than their competitors do and achieve gains in employee satisfaction, employee retention, and consumer trust. 2 Scott Mautz, “Patagonia has only 4 percent employee turnover because they value this 1 thing so much,”  Inc. , March 30, 2019; Graham Staplehurst, “The evolution of purpose,” Kantar, August 27, 2020; “This is what work-life balance looks like at a company with 100% retention of moms,” Quartz, October 16, 2016. Some of these outcomes may be attributed to employees who are intrinsically motivated and able to maintain better well-being over time, creating a positive performance loop. 3 For more, see Emma L. Bradshaw et al., “A meta-analysis of the dark side of the American dream: Evidence for the universal wellness costs of prioritizing extrinsic over intrinsic goals,”  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , April 2023, Volume 124, Number 4. Additionally, employee self-efficacy and adaptability are capabilities that can be cultivated among employees to make a more resilient and healthy workforce. 4 For more, see Jacqueline Brassey, Aaron De Smet, and Michiel Kruyt,  Deliberate Calm: How to Learn and Lead in a Volatile World , New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers, 2022.

Productive activity

Productive activity includes employment- and nonemployment-related activities. Examples include volunteering, caregiving, spending time on hobbies, worshiping, spending time on activism, playing music, and traveling.

Employment has been linked to improved life expectancy. 1 For more, see “Relationship between employment and health,” Health Foundation, October 5, 2022. According to MHI research, one of the top contributors to productivity at work is an individual’s sense of self-efficacy—an employee’s belief that they can cope with difficult or changing situations. Self-efficacy can be improved through interventions, suggesting that employers can target self-efficacy to improve employee productivity. 2 For more, see Jacqueline Brassey et al., “Emotional flexibility and general self-efficacy: A pilot training intervention study with knowledge workers,”  PLOS One , 2020, Volume 15, Number 10.

Furthermore, employers have the opportunity to help the people in their communities connect to meaningful and productive activities that support their long-term health and well-being. Enjoyable leisure activities are also associated with improved psychosocial and physical measures that support good health and well-being, including greater life satisfaction and engagement and lower rates of depression, blood pressure, cortisol, and physical function. 3 For more, see Sarah D. Pressman et al., “Association of enjoyable leisure activities with psychological and physical well-being,”  Psychosomatic Medicine , September 2009, Volume 71, Number 7.

In discussing workplace stressors, it’s important to acknowledge that stress itself isn’t necessarily a bad thing, as it’s actually needed to learn, grow, and develop. 1 For more, see R. B. Zajonc, “Social facilitation,”  Science , July 1965, Volume 149, Number 3,681. Optimal levels of stress can contribute to better performance. After that point, the benefits diminish into worse well-being because of the excessive demands of high stress and lack of replenishment of energy resources. The employer’s role is to ensure that employees are stimulated, challenged, and motivated—but not overwhelmed—by the demands they experience in the workplace.

Chronically elevated levels of stress can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, and metabolic disease. 2 For more, see Fan Tian et al., “Association of stress-related disorders with subsequent risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A population-based and sibling-controlled cohort study,”  Lancet Regional Health–Europe , May 2022, Volume 18. Job strain and effort–reward imbalance can predict several common mental disorders. 3 For more, see Bridget Candy and Stephen Stansfeld, “Psychosocial work environment and mental health—a meta-analytic review,”  Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health , December 2006, Volume 32, Number 6. Additionally, MHI research shows that an increase in workplace demands is the driver most predictive of burnout and distress symptoms at work.

Some jobs are high in demand by structure. For example, some organizations have seasonal or other cyclical patterns in work demand. In these situations, interventions should focus on building in recovery time so that employees can regain their energy after high-demand periods.

Economic security

Economic opportunity and economic security can influence many facets of health and productivity. For example, high-income individuals are five times more likely than low-income individuals to report strong health. 1 Steven H. Woolf et al.,  How are income and wealth linked to health and longevity? , a joint report from Urban Institute and Virginia Commonwealth University, April 13, 2015. Employees who are struggling financially are more likely than others to experience signs of poor mental health that might affect their ability to function at work. 2 For more, see Lu Fan and Soomin Ryu, “The relationship between financial worries and psychological distress among U.S. adults,”  Journal of Family and Economic Issues , 2023, Volume 44, Number 1. A lack of job stability links with poor mental health, as well as poor physical well-being (for example, cardiovascular disease). 3 For more, see Susan J. Ashford, Guo-Hua Huang, and Cynthia Lee, “Job insecurity and the changing workplace: Recent developments and the future trends in job insecurity research,”  Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior , January 2018, Volume 5; Imma Cortès-Franch et al., “Employment stability and mental health in Spain: Towards understanding the influence of gender and partner/marital status,”  BMC Public Health , April 2018, Volume 18, Number 1; Marnie Dobson, Paul Landsbergis, and Peter L. Schnall, “Globalization, work, and cardiovascular disease,”  International Journal of Health Services , October 2016, Volume 46, Number 4; and Jose A. Llosa et al., “Job insecurity and mental health: A meta-analytical review of the consequences of precarious work in clinical disorders,”  Anales de Psicología , 2018, Volume 34, Number 2. Any short-term rise in employee performance fueled by job insecurity is often negated by the additional burden on employee physical and mental health. 4 Mindy Shoss et al., “Job insecurity harms both employees and employers,”  Harvard Business Review , September 6, 2022.

MHI research shows that the greatest contributor to employees’ feelings of financial insecurity is whether they are paid sufficiently to cover their basic needs. While what it takes to feel economically secure is unique to each person, employers can reduce feelings of financial insecurity by ensuring that compensation covers basic needs.

There’s a strong association between sleep hours and both employee health and workplace outcomes. The cost to employers when employees have insufficient or poor-quality sleep can be substantial.

Employees with untreated insomnia cost employers an average of $2,280 more annually than employees without untreated insomnia because of absenteeism, “presenteeism,” poor performance, and increased incidents of accident and injury. 1 Ronald C. Kessler et al., “Insomnia and the performance of US workers: Results from the America Insomnia Survey,”  Sleep , September 2011, Volume 34, Number 9. According to the MHI 2023 survey, 31 percent of employees across the world average fewer than seven hours of sleep per night. Although everyone has unique needs, this falls below the ballpark number of hours recommended to maintain good health. 2 We acknowledge that every individual is different, but there are some indications of recommended average hours of sleep that may benefit health. For more, see Eric J. Olson, “How many hours of sleep are enough for good health?,” Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER), February 21, 2023. Researchers have shown severe sleep loss can even lead to death, as our bodies conduct necessary reparative processes when we sleep. 3 For more, see Alexandra Vaccaro et al., “Sleep loss can cause death through accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the gut,”  Cell , June 2020, Volume 181, Number 6.

The MHI survey found that one of the main contributors to an employee’s average number of sleep hours is the experienced volume of work required of them. Furthermore, one of the top contributors to an employee’s satisfaction with their sleep is their ability to adjust to unexpected changes. This may suggest that employee programs that look to improve adaptability may in turn improve employees’ satisfaction with their sleep.

Employers have additional interventions they can consider if their employees are struggling with getting consistent, high-quality sleep. They include creating work environments with ample natural light and access to healthy foods, limiting or disabling employees from being online after hours, creating incentives for employees who prioritize sleep, and encouraging and rewarding leaders who model the prioritization of sleep over work.

Many employers are already investing in employee health and well-being, but we would encourage them to reflect on where they currently provide support and if they might want to change resources or add more interventions. For example, many employee assistance programs (EAPs) provide coverage of interventions for factors such as stress and economic security but less coverage of those for factors such as social interactions at work. Additionally, while EAPs are widely available, they tend to be underused by employees and focus on a reactive instead of a proactive approach to health. 7 For more, see James Kenney, “Why most employee assistance programs don't work,” Forbes , July 6, 2022; and Stephen Sokoler, “Reimagining traditional employee assistance programs,” Forbes , March 17, 2023.

In rethinking a workplace strategy on employee health and well-being, current EAP offerings can be useful starting points for action but are unlikely to be the full solution. They are also unlikely, by themselves, to yield the ROI that employers increasingly expect. Strengthening the measurement of intervention outcomes may also help guide an organization’s overall investment strategy.

In rethinking a workplace strategy on employee health and well-being, current EAP offerings can be useful starting points for action but are unlikely to be the full solution.

Improving global employee health can create trillions of dollars of economic value

It makes good business sense to invest in employee health and well-being. We estimate that the total global opportunity for optimizing employee health and well-being is $3.7 trillion to $11.7 trillion, which is equivalent to raising global GDP by 4 to 12 percent. Together, high- and middle-income economies represent 95 percent of this total opportunity (exhibit).

While it may not be feasible in the near term to bring all employees everywhere to optimal well-being, capturing just 10 percent of the total opportunity could yield up to $1.17 trillion of annual value and raise the global GDP by more than 1 percent (see sidebar “Business case methodology”).

Business case methodology

To size the economic value that could be created if addressing health and well-being at the global level, we first established the metric for all economies by summing the positive economic effects of increased employee attraction, productivity, and retention with the savings created if absenteeism, attrition, and “presenteeism” were reduced.

Using a similar methodology, we sized the economic value of medium- and high-income economies. We calculated the economic value of low-income economies by subtracting that of the medium- and high-income economies from that of all economies. However, there’s low confidence in current estimates for low-income economies because of insufficient and unreliable data collected in these countries.

The economic value possible by addressing each driver was calculated as follows:

• attrition: the total turnover multiplied by the cost of turnover per employee
• absenteeism: the estimated number of working days lost because of work-related ill health and nonfatal workplace injuries multiplied by the average daily pay
• presenteeism: the estimated number of productive days lost when employees are present at work but can’t be fully productive multiplied by the average daily pay
• attraction: the total premium by employees for employers with an above-average happiness score multiplied by the total turnover
• productivity: the increase in productivity associated with increased well-being multiplied by the average value of productivity
• retention: the total turnover multiplied by the benefit of retention

In addition to contributing to increased productivity at work, our calculations indicate that investing in employee health and well-being provides a positive opportunity for attracting and retaining talent. As noted in McKinsey research, employees facing mental-health and well-being challenges are four times more likely than others to want to leave their organizations . 8 Patrick Guggenberger, Dana Maor, Michael Park, and Patrick Simon, “ The State of Organizations 2023: Ten shifts transforming organizations ,” McKinsey, April 26, 2023.

Better health correlates with higher productivity across countries and workplace settings and is also strongly correlated with workforce participation  at all ages. 9 For more, see Dan Chisholm et al., “Scaling-up treatment of depression and anxiety: A global return on investment analysis,” Lancet Psychiatry , May 2016, Volume 3, Number 5; Clément S. Bellet, Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, and George Ward, “Does employee happiness have an impact on productivity?," Management Science , May 11, 2023; Miriam Dickinson, Kathryn Rost, and Jeffrey L. Smith, “The effect of improving primary care depression management on employee absenteeism and productivity: A randomized trial,” Medical Care , December 2004, Volume 42, Number 12; and “ Prioritizing health: A prescription for prosperity ,” McKinsey Global Institute, July 8, 2020. Every 1 to 3 percent increase in global workforce participation is worth a further $1.4 billion to $4.2 billion, 10 Assumes additional labor force is employed at the same unemployment rate and generates the same average GDP per employee as the current labor force. benefiting employees, their health, the societies in which they live, and government finances. 11 For more, see Lixin Cai, “The relationship between health and labour force participation: Evidence from a panel data simultaneous equation model,” Labour Economics , January 2010, Volume 17, Number 1.

To capture these economic benefits fully, employers need to move from a sole focus of protecting against incidental risk and illness to helping employees achieve more optimal health. This is particularly important when considering that employees move along a continuum of health over time and may draw upon different workplace resources throughout their employment with a company. Ultimately, a focus on improving health could lead to a virtuous circle of positive change, as employees gain health literacy, and employers in turn respond to employee health concerns.

To capture the economic benefits of good health fully, employers need to move from a sole focus of protecting against incidental risk and illness to helping employees achieve more optimal health.

Acting now also reduces future brand and business risk. In Australia, a lawsuit resulted in a fine for an organization that tolerated a toxic workplace culture. 12 For more, see Naomi Neilson, “Court Services Victoria fined $380k for ‘toxic’ workplace,” Lawyers Weekly, October 19, 2023. Recently, the European Union adopted the European Sustainability Reporting Standards, requiring organizations by law to report on working conditions such as working time, social dialogue, and work–life balance. As employees develop higher standards for what is tolerable in the workplace, more pushback and litigation may be possible.

Furthermore, investors such as asset managers, private equity companies, and venture capitalists are increasingly weighing environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations in their investment decisions. They are guided by ESG ratings released by various agencies and standards issued by the International Sustainability Standards Board.

Improving employee health and well-being involves more than just employers

We have highlighted practical examples of how employers can play a role in changing norms and catalyzing innovation around employee health and well-being. However, employers alone can’t complete this task. Employees, policy makers, and local governments will need to help.

Employees can play a role in their own health by taking advantage of the workplace resources that do exist and helping cultivate a community and culture of healthy practices among colleagues. They can make their desires known to employers as a means of holding leaders accountable for responding to the health needs and aspirations of their workforces. These might include benefits such as paid parental leave and caregiving support, which aim to help employees balance work and family responsibilities while tending to their own overall health and well-being.

Policy and decision makers may want to consider a variety of ways to protect and promote employee health. Possibilities include mandating upper limits on total working hours, health coverage paid by employers, and employee access to therapy and other psychological resources. 13 For more, see Richard Layard, “Wellbeing as the goal of policy,” LSE Public Policy Review , December 2021, Volume 2, Number 2. Enhancing standards and transparency could enable employees to make informed choices about their employment while also allowing policy makers to audit progress on a wider scale.

Through investment in public health (such as funding and grants), policy makers can encourage and enable employers to take employee health seriously and professionalize how they track the impact of their initiatives on employee health and well-being. Finally, policy and decision makers can lead by example in acting to promote their own employees’ health. This may be done in partnership with both private and other public sector employers, such as those that play a critical role in educating individuals about health—school systems, healthcare systems, and community programs—down to the city level.

City governments can play an important role in unlocking positive health  outcomes. Given that most large employers are concentrated in cities, there’s a unique opportunity for companies and employees to come together to set broader aspirations on health and identify targeted interventions to pursue jointly.

Employment can and does have a profound impact on health, both positive and negative. Adapting how and where people work to support optimal employee health could result in billions of employees and their families around the world living longer, higher-quality lives—and simultaneously benefiting their employers and the societies in which they live.

Jacqueline Brassey is a coleader of employee health at the McKinsey Health Institute (MHI) and a senior fellow in McKinsey’s Luxembourg office, Barbara Jeffery is a coleader of employee health at MHI and a partner in the London office, Lars Hartenstein is a global leader of MHI and a senior fellow in the Paris office, and Patrick Simon is a senior partner in the Berlin office.

The authors wish to thank Erica Coe, Aaron De Smet, Martin Dewhurst, Arne Gast, Brad Herbig, Anna Hextall, Ashini Kothari, Tom Latkovic, May Lim, Robyn Macrae, Dana Maor, Roxy Merkand, Hannah Mirman, Lucy Pérez, and Brooke Weddle for their contributions to this article.

This article was edited by Hannah Buchdahl, an associate editor in the Washington, DC, office.

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Mila Gajic, MFA Thesis Defense

Save the Date: Mila Gajic 's MFA Oral Defense is set for April 1, 2024!  Mila joined the Department of Design in 2021 in the Digital Animation and Interactive Media track. She has served as a Graduate Research Associate at the Advanced Computing Center for the Arts and Design (ACCAD), where she focuses on crafting 3D assets for virtual reality projects.

Committee Members:  Matthew Lewis, Advisor Scott Swearingen Shadrick Addy  Thesis Title:   Affordances of Immersive Virtual Spaces as a Medium for Representing an Inquiry Process Project Description:  

Mila Gajic is interested in how organizing conceptual inquiries into “navigable spatial diagrams” through experiential media can foster new perspectives and insights through interactive engagement.  Using a research-through-design approach and the mediums of virtual and augmented reality, she explores how 3D virtual worlds can uncover additional formats for presenting creative research and sharing it with others. Mila's project consists of immersive virtual spaces whose structures depict the core ideas and connections within her research interests over the past two years. To translate mostly abstract concepts into a spatial layout, Mila coded specific virtual elements with symbolic meanings linked to her practice. These spatial metaphors facilitate an interpretative space that balances authorial control and user agency in immersive media. Mila also explored ways of offering insights into her design process within this virtual environment through spatial annotations that users can unveil gradually.  Rooted in Reflective Practice, this project merges methodologies of Human-Centered Design and Storytelling Design for VR, emphasizing user experience within immersive nonlinear narratives. It also employs Arts-Based Research practices in translating inquiries from non-spatial to spatial forms, while promoting transparency and aesthetic response in the research process. Beyond uncovering additional avenues for presenting inquiries, this project addresses current gaps in the field of mixed reality, including text positioning in 3D spaces and intensifying the sense of presence in virtual worlds.

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• What Is a Thesis? | Ultimate Guide & Examples

What Is a Thesis? | Ultimate Guide & Examples

Published on September 14, 2022 by Tegan George . Revised on November 21, 2023.

A thesis is a type of research paper based on your original research. It is usually submitted as the final step of a master’s program or a capstone to a bachelor’s degree.

Writing a thesis can be a daunting experience. Other than a dissertation , it is one of the longest pieces of writing students typically complete. It relies on your ability to conduct research from start to finish: choosing a relevant topic , crafting a proposal , designing your research , collecting data , developing a robust analysis, drawing strong conclusions , and writing concisely .

Thesis template

You can also download our full thesis template in the format of your choice below. Our template includes a ready-made table of contents , as well as guidance for what each chapter should include. It’s easy to make it your own, and can help you get started.

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Table of contents

Thesis vs. thesis statement, how to structure a thesis, acknowledgements or preface, list of figures and tables, list of abbreviations, introduction, literature review, methodology, reference list, proofreading and editing, defending your thesis, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about theses.

You may have heard the word thesis as a standalone term or as a component of academic writing called a thesis statement . Keep in mind that these are two very different things.

• A thesis statement is a very common component of an essay, particularly in the humanities. It usually comprises 1 or 2 sentences in the introduction of your essay , and should clearly and concisely summarize the central points of your academic essay .
• A thesis is a long-form piece of academic writing, often taking more than a full semester to complete. It is generally a degree requirement for Master’s programs, and is also sometimes required to complete a bachelor’s degree in liberal arts colleges.
• In the US, a dissertation is generally written as a final step toward obtaining a PhD.
• In other countries (particularly the UK), a dissertation is generally written at the bachelor’s or master’s level.

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The final structure of your thesis depends on a variety of components, such as:

• Your discipline
• Your theoretical approach

Humanities theses are often structured more like a longer-form essay . Just like in an essay, you build an argument to support a central thesis.

In both hard and social sciences, theses typically include an introduction , literature review , methodology section ,  results section , discussion section , and conclusion section . These are each presented in their own dedicated section or chapter. In some cases, you might want to add an appendix .

Thesis examples

We’ve compiled a short list of thesis examples to help you get started.

• Example thesis #1:   “Abolition, Africans, and Abstraction: the Influence of the ‘Noble Savage’ on British and French Antislavery Thought, 1787-1807” by Suchait Kahlon.
• Example thesis #2: “’A Starving Man Helping Another Starving Man’: UNRRA, India, and the Genesis of Global Relief, 1943-1947″ by Julian Saint Reiman.

The very first page of your thesis contains all necessary identifying information, including:

• Your full title
• Your full name
• Your department
• Your institution and degree program
• Your submission date.

Sometimes the title page also includes your student ID, the name of your supervisor, or the university’s logo. Check out your university’s guidelines if you’re not sure.

Read more about title pages

The acknowledgements section is usually optional. Its main point is to allow you to thank everyone who helped you in your thesis journey, such as supervisors, friends, or family. You can also choose to write a preface , but it’s typically one or the other, not both.

Read more about acknowledgements Read more about prefaces

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An abstract is a short summary of your thesis. Usually a maximum of 300 words long, it’s should include brief descriptions of your research objectives , methods, results, and conclusions. Though it may seem short, it introduces your work to your audience, serving as a first impression of your thesis.

Read more about abstracts

A table of contents lists all of your sections, plus their corresponding page numbers and subheadings if you have them. This helps your reader seamlessly navigate your document.

Your table of contents should include all the major parts of your thesis. In particular, don’t forget the the appendices. If you used heading styles, it’s easy to generate an automatic table Microsoft Word.

Read more about tables of contents

While not mandatory, if you used a lot of tables and/or figures, it’s nice to include a list of them to help guide your reader. It’s also easy to generate one of these in Word: just use the “Insert Caption” feature.

Read more about lists of figures and tables

If you have used a lot of industry- or field-specific abbreviations in your thesis, you should include them in an alphabetized list of abbreviations . This way, your readers can easily look up any meanings they aren’t familiar with.

Read more about lists of abbreviations

Relatedly, if you find yourself using a lot of very specialized or field-specific terms that may not be familiar to your reader, consider including a glossary . Alphabetize the terms you want to include with a brief definition.

Read more about glossaries

An introduction sets up the topic, purpose, and relevance of your thesis, as well as expectations for your reader. This should:

• Ground your research topic , sharing any background information your reader may need
• Define the scope of your work
• Introduce any existing research on your topic, situating your work within a broader problem or debate
• State your research question(s)
• Outline (briefly) how the remainder of your work will proceed

In other words, your introduction should clearly and concisely show your reader the “what, why, and how” of your research.

Read more about introductions

A literature review helps you gain a robust understanding of any extant academic work on your topic, encompassing:

• Selecting relevant sources
• Determining the credibility of your sources
• Critically evaluating each of your sources
• Drawing connections between sources, including any themes, patterns, conflicts, or gaps

A literature review is not merely a summary of existing work. Rather, your literature review should ultimately lead to a clear justification for your own research, perhaps via:

• Addressing a gap in the literature
• Building on existing knowledge to draw new conclusions
• Exploring a new theoretical or methodological approach
• Introducing a new solution to an unresolved problem
• Definitively advocating for one side of a theoretical debate

Read more about literature reviews

Theoretical framework

Your literature review can often form the basis for your theoretical framework, but these are not the same thing. A theoretical framework defines and analyzes the concepts and theories that your research hinges on.

Read more about theoretical frameworks

Your methodology chapter shows your reader how you conducted your research. It should be written clearly and methodically, easily allowing your reader to critically assess the credibility of your argument. Furthermore, your methods section should convince your reader that your method was the best way to answer your research question.

A methodology section should generally include:

• Your overall approach ( quantitative vs. qualitative )
• Your research methods (e.g., a longitudinal study )
• Your data collection methods (e.g., interviews or a controlled experiment
• Any tools or materials you used (e.g., computer software)
• The data analysis methods you chose (e.g., statistical analysis , discourse analysis )
• A strong, but not defensive justification of your methods

Read more about methodology sections

Your results section should highlight what your methodology discovered. These two sections work in tandem, but shouldn’t repeat each other. While your results section can include hypotheses or themes, don’t include any speculation or new arguments here.

Your results section should:

• State each (relevant) result with any (relevant) descriptive statistics (e.g., mean , standard deviation ) and inferential statistics (e.g., test statistics , p values )
• Explain how each result relates to the research question
• Determine whether the hypothesis was supported

Additional data (like raw numbers or interview transcripts ) can be included as an appendix . You can include tables and figures, but only if they help the reader better understand your results.

Read more about results sections

Your discussion section is where you can interpret your results in detail. Did they meet your expectations? How well do they fit within the framework that you built? You can refer back to any relevant source material to situate your results within your field, but leave most of that analysis in your literature review.

For any unexpected results, offer explanations or alternative interpretations of your data.

Read more about discussion sections

Your thesis conclusion should concisely answer your main research question. It should leave your reader with an ultra-clear understanding of your central argument, and emphasize what your research specifically has contributed to your field.

Why does your research matter? What recommendations for future research do you have? Lastly, wrap up your work with any concluding remarks.

Read more about conclusions

In order to avoid plagiarism , don’t forget to include a full reference list at the end of your thesis, citing the sources that you used. Choose one citation style and follow it consistently throughout your thesis, taking note of the formatting requirements of each style.

Which style you choose is often set by your department or your field, but common styles include MLA , Chicago , and APA.

Create APA citations Create MLA citations

In order to stay clear and concise, your thesis should include the most essential information needed to answer your research question. However, chances are you have many contributing documents, like interview transcripts or survey questions . These can be added as appendices , to save space in the main body.

Read more about appendices

Once you’re done writing, the next part of your editing process begins. Leave plenty of time for proofreading and editing prior to submission. Nothing looks worse than grammar mistakes or sloppy spelling errors!

Consider using a professional thesis editing service or grammar checker to make sure your final project is perfect.

Once you’ve submitted your final product, it’s common practice to have a thesis defense, an oral component of your finished work. This is scheduled by your advisor or committee, and usually entails a presentation and Q&A session.

After your defense , your committee will meet to determine if you deserve any departmental honors or accolades. However, keep in mind that defenses are usually just a formality. If there are any serious issues with your work, these should be resolved with your advisor way before a defense.

If you want to know more about AI for academic writing, AI tools, or research bias, make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

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The conclusion of your thesis or dissertation shouldn’t take up more than 5–7% of your overall word count.

If you only used a few abbreviations in your thesis or dissertation , you don’t necessarily need to include a list of abbreviations .

If your abbreviations are numerous, or if you think they won’t be known to your audience, it’s never a bad idea to add one. They can also improve readability, minimizing confusion about abbreviations unfamiliar to your reader.

When you mention different chapters within your text, it’s considered best to use Roman numerals for most citation styles. However, the most important thing here is to remain consistent whenever using numbers in your dissertation .

A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical first steps in your writing process. It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.

Generally, an outline contains information on the different sections included in your thesis or dissertation , such as:

• Your anticipated title
• Your abstract
• Your chapters (sometimes subdivided into further topics like literature review , research methods , avenues for future research, etc.)

A thesis is typically written by students finishing up a bachelor’s or Master’s degree. Some educational institutions, particularly in the liberal arts, have mandatory theses, but they are often not mandatory to graduate from bachelor’s degrees. It is more common for a thesis to be a graduation requirement from a Master’s degree.

Even if not mandatory, you may want to consider writing a thesis if you:

• Plan to attend graduate school soon
• Have a particular topic you’d like to study more in-depth
• Are considering a career in research
• Would like a capstone experience to tie up your academic experience

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USM Honors College Students Present Thesis Research at Marketing Conference

Tue, 03/26/2024 - 09:14am | By: Van Arnold

University of Southern Mississippi (USM) Honors College students Haeden Overby and Patrick Tyson presented their thesis research during the 2024 Association of Marketing Theory and Practice Conference (AMTP) held earlier this month in Hilton Head, S.C.

Overby, a hospitality and tourism management major, and Tyson, an anthropology, sociology, and Spanish major, presented individual research papers, as well as a collaborative project, at the international and interdisciplinary academic marketing conference which brings together academic theory and real-world marketing practices.

This year’s conference saw more than 100 submissions. Of the 33 student paper submissions across undergraduate, Master's, and Ph.D. levels, Overby’s thesis paper – “Service robots’ effect on branding and consumers' intentions through online reviews” - won the James E. Randall Best Student Paper Award. 

“Haeden and Patrick are exceptional students in my class. Their passion for research and dedication to their thesis projects have impressed me,” said Dr. Wei Wang, Associate Professor, Hospitality and Tourism Management Program Coordinator who served as both students’ thesis advisor. “Moreover, their active involvement and leadership roles on campus exemplify their commitment to excellence beyond academics,”

Tyson presented a research paper titled, “Uncertainty avoidance moderation over film-motivated tourists' views on destination image, place attachment, and intentions.”

Collaboratively, they presented a paper titled, “Cookies and calamari: Squid Game’s “Dalgona” and cutting shapes from its impact on Korean product purchase and travel intentions.”

“My advisors, Dr. Wei Wang and Dr. Banu Bas, have been incredibly patient teaching me about the research process, and I would not have been able to succeed without their support,” said Overby. “Dr. Randall is retiring from the AMTP conference this year, and the award was named after him for the first time. I am pleased to be the first recipient of the award under his name and am incredibly thankful I had the chance to meet him when I was presented the award.”

Added Overby, “This accomplishment has become great motivation to continue my research in marketing and to cross the finish line of submitting my thesis. I am glad to bring home a new award for Southern Miss Business!"

More information about the conference can be found here .

To learn more about USM’s College of Business and Economic Development, call 601.266.4659.

Categories: Business and Economic Development Honors College

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