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Explore volcanoes
What are volcanoes.
Volcanoes can look like small mountains or hills.
A volcano is an opening in the Earth's crust that allows magma , hot ash and gases to escape.
What types of volcano are there?
There are two main types of volcano:
Composite volcanoes are the most common type of volcano. They can have violent eruptions and can grow bigger as layers of thick lava and ash harden on top of each other. Mount Etna in Sicily, Italy, is an example of a composite volcano.
Shield volcanoes do not have such violent eruptions. These volcanoes tend to have gentle slopes and their runnier lava spreads and hardens over a wider area. Mauna Loa in Hawaii is an example of a shield volcano.
Watch: Volcanoes
I’m in Italy visiting a very famous volcano called Mount Vesuvius.
A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust, which allows hot magma, ash and gases to escape from below the surface.
I’ve been asked by my fellow explorers to get some rock samples from Mount Vesuvius, but it’s an active volcano, so I’ll need to watch out for things like lava flow.
Lava is very hot molten or liquid rock, which reaches over 1,000 degrees. So I’ll need to stay at a safe distance!
Volcanic ash. Clouds of ash can rise miles into the sky and block out light from the Sun, changing temperatures across the land and damaging aeroplanes in flight.
Pyroclastic flow. Hot gas, ash and rock mixed together to make a deadly cloud that flows down the side of the volcano.
It’s not all bad. They can also be tourist attractions!
The lava and ash from an eruption breaks down to provide valuable nutrients for the soil and is great for growing crops!
So, even though volcanoes can be very dangerous they play an important part in the lives of those living nearby!
Ok, I’ve got my heat resistant suit, so I am ready to go!
Err… I think?
What is a volcanic eruption?
Most volcanic eruptions are caused by pieces of the Earth's crust, called tectonic plates , moving towards each other.
Some volcanoes, like Mauna Loa in Hawaii are caused by hot spots in the Earth’s crust. These do not erupt violently and lava usually flows slowly out of them.
Eruptions from volcanoes can be very dangerous. They can produce:
- pyroclastic flows - fast moving clouds of hot ash, gas and rock
- ash clouds - small pieces of rock and glass that can be carried in the air for many kilometres
- volcanic bombs - large bits of very hot rock blown out of a volcano
What happens during a volcanic eruption?
Magma , a mixture of hot, molten rock and gas, builds up deep beneath the surface of the Earth under enormous pressure. The magma rises, looking for weaknesses through rocks in the Earth’s crust.
Volcanoes are usually found along the boundaries of tectonic plates.
Constructive plate boundaries are where tectonic plates are moving apart, and magma here can gradually rise and form new crust, usually without any violent eruptions.
Destructive plate boundaries are where tectonic plate boundaries are colliding or pushing against each other. The intense pressure involved can create new magma which then rises to the surface through volcanic vents in explosive eruptions.
When magma erupts from a volcano it is called lava . This mixture of lava and gas flows out and down the sides of a volcano, some may cool and erupt as ash.
Activity: Quiz – Volcanoes
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17 explosive volcano facts!
Check out some fascinating facts about volcanoes.
Is it just us or is it getting hot in here, gang? Prepare to delve into the depths of the earth and uncover these seriously hot volcano facts – if you dare!
Volcano facts
1. Put simply, a volcano is an opening in the Earth’s surface.
Usually found in a mountain, the opening allows gas, hot magma and ash to escape from beneath the Earth’s crust .
2. The word “volcano” comes from the Roman name “Vulcan”.
“But who was Vulcan?” you might ask. He was the Roman god of fire !
Love animals? You’d love our magazine!
Ask your parents to check out Nat Geo Kids magazine!
3. Volcanoes are often found at meeting points of “tectonic plates”.
These plates are pieces of the Earth’s surface that fit together just like a jigsaw puzzle.
4. Volcanoes can also occur over “mantle plumes”.
Ever heard of mantle plumes ? They’re super-hot areas of rock inside the Earth!
Did you know that we have a FREE downloadable Volcanoes of Ecuador primary resource ? Great for teachers, homeschoolers and parents alike!
5. Approximately 350 million people live within “danger range” of an active volcano.
That means that around one in 20 people live in an area at risk of volcanic activity.
6. Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant or extinct.
This refers to the amount of volcanic activity. “ Active ” means there’s regular activity, “ dormant ” means there’s been recent activity but the volcano is currently quiet, and “ extinct ” means it’s been so long since the last eruption that it’s unlikely to ever erupt again.
7. Volcanoes can be a variety of shapes.
These geographical wonders come in various shapes and sizes, but there are two main types – composite volcanoes , which are cone-shaped with steep slopes, and shield volcanoes , which are wide with gentle slopes.
8. Magma and lava are two different things!
Magma is the name given to hot liquid rock inside a volcano . Once it leaves the volcano, it’s known as lava .
Psst! Make sure you download our awesome volcano facts infographic – show your friends, family, or stick it on your wall!
9. Volcanoes don’t just occur on land.
They can be found on the ocean floor and under ice caps , too!
10. Lava from a volcano can reach 1,250°C!
Lava is so hot it can burn everything in its path . If you used a glass thermometer to take the temperature it would melt!
11. The world’s largest active volcano is Mauna Loa in Hawaii.
Standing a whopping 4,169m tall , this geological giant last erupted in 1984 .
12. Volcanoes exist throughout the solar system!
Other planets and moons have volcanoes, too! The largest volcano in our solar system is Olympus Mons , found on Mars .
13. In A.D. 79, the Italian town of Pompeii was destroyed and buried by a volcano called Mount Vesuvius.
Incredibly, the ash deposits preserved the town and the remains of the people within it. Today, it’s one of Italy ‘s most popular historical sites!
14. About 1,900 volcanoes on Earth are considered active, likely to explode again. Yikes!
Most of the world’s active volcanoes are found on the “ Ring of Fire “, a 40,000 km horseshoe shaped area of the Pacific Ocean .
15. The loudest sound in recorded history was made by a volcano called Krakatau.
Found in Southeast Asia , when Krakatau erupted in 1883 it released 200 megatrons of energy – that’s the equivalent of 15,000 nuclear bombs . Boom!
16. Volcanoes can produce rich, fertile land.
Over time, lava and ash break down to produce nutrient-rich soil , great for growing crops! That’s why some people like to set up home on the slopes of a volcano.
17. It’s not just humans that makes use of volcanoes – birds do, too!
Maleo birds bury their eggs in the sand or soil near volcanoes to keep them warm . When the chicks hatch they claw their way up to the surface!
Check out this explosive video, full of exciting facts and information about volcanoes!
Discover other forces of nature with our geography features , including tornado facts , hurricane facts , tsunami facts and more!
What did you think of our volcano facts, gang? Let us know by leaving a comment below!
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i got a plus because of u thanks xx
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i love volcanos especially in documentaries
Let's take action.
It helps me to learn more about interesting facts.
I like Volcanoes now Really Cool
It helps me when I am searching for interesting facts
It helps me learn a lot about volcanoes a lot.
Tis cool facts helps me in homework and pop quiz
This so helping me do my homework
this helps a LOT
this stuff helps me with homework
I love this thing
Great Facts
These are so educational And cool!
AMAZING FACTS!
OMG I LOVE YOUR MAGAZINES OWO !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Thank you for these they really help me on my assignment
interesting!!!!
Really cool facts
I think its interesting
My students enjoyed learning facts about volcanoes. Very interesting!
I love volcanoes!
Very interesting. I didn't know some birds lay their eggs near the base of a volcanoe to keep them warm.
sooo intresting
this si information really helped and is very informing to tell readers about the topic
i love volcanoes
amazing facts
omg this is cool
I love Nokia’s so much I have a subscription
cool magizines
I love your magizines!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
I love your magizines.So I thought your website would be helpful
This was good info
hi thank you
you guys are the best
this is too lit
important and super cool
this was explosively interesting.
I love books and this basement is a true treasure trove
i love it so much
We need to save our planet the amount of rubbish floating around is unexeptable
this helped with my geography project
wow those facts were really cool
I've seen a load of real ones in lanzarote- apparently it was formed as a massive volcano that rose out of the sea! We had a tour around the park and lukily they were inactive; phew!!! I really loved these facts well done!!!
Awesome Videos! I loved them! So informative!
volcanoes are awesome but I would be terrified if I saw a real one!
AMAZING VOLCANO
I like volcanoes they're very interesting and i loveeeeeeeeee them!!!!!!!!!!!
I wanna jump into a volcano
This is so so so so so amazing and I'm loving it
I'm so amazed by this
Volcanoes are interesting
Wow I need facts on how volcanoes eurupt
Volcanoes are pretty cool but it looks scary
Volcanoes are pretty cool
Volcanos are very dangerous but it has a very good heat .
Cool I like it
I do not like volcanoes but I will like to live by one because it's warm heat will warm my house up
Volcanos are the best I like them but I'm sure that I will be scard when I see one.
I love volcanos they are sooo cool
perfect information for my volcano project
This small line of info has taught me a lot of new information about volcanoes that I didn't know! A very well put together seventeen bits of info. Thank you for making it.
They are very interesting and cool
I love volcano. I really want to explore one.
Very good for my class
Thanks this is really good because i can use these facts for my volcano science project! Thanks!!
this is a good for kids that like volcanoes
Volcanoes are awesome. And I read about this explosion in Indonesia (it might have been the one from Krakatau) that was so loud that it woke people up in Western Australia!
very handy for my students
I love volcanoes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
The fact about the word volcano from a Roman word "Vulcan" the Roman god of fire is actually cool.
I LOVE VOLCANOES (except that the fact volcanoes are dangerous)
I love the facts about volcanos. did you know that there's a volcano that has blue flames
I love this ❤️
VOLCANOS ARE COOL!
the volcanoes has lots of lava
The volcanos is cool because of the lava.
i want to see a volcano erupt...it'll be awsome!!!!!!!!
This helped me a lot for my school project!
Where is volcanoes
It's a really good website and helps my brother learn more.
This is really great and is a great and fun website to use. It has lot's of info we can learn from and on a scale from 1 - 10, I give this a 9? Because there is always time for improvement! :)
i love volcanos!
volcanos are awsome
I really love learning about the Earth and this website has really helped me
this website is very good for volcanos
This website is amazing it has helped me with my homework.it is the best website I will ever come across.
i do not like volcanos lol
Nice Article! This really helped out when I did my homework! Five Star!!!?
Wow this was so cool I learned new things from reading this. I already Know that Mauna Loa Hawaii has the tallest volcano in the earth because it comes all the way from the bottom of the earth.
hi the video did not work but yay so:):);)
amazing really useful!
cant wait till a volcano explodes !
Thanks National Geographic Kids! I was able to finish my report on volcanos because of your great facts! Thanks! <3
So cool information
Lava eruptions are cool!
My teacher will love this
Im doing a project about volcanoes at school and this was SOOO helpful. Thanks a lot!
hi I think these facts are overrated I m 9 and I know more
i was do this for school and it helpful cool
cool this is awesome
These facts are so cool about volcanos
this was cool I needed it for a school project! Thanks!!!!!
Super awesome! Learned a ton, I LOVE VOLCANOES!
This is awesome!
the volcanoes are so cool
Lol so helpful for my project
i am student in primary school and our teacher sent us home with an essay to write about volcanoes she said we should go on line and look up websites for imformation on the volcanoes and i came acroos this website i clicked on it and found wonderful imformation thank you so much
volcanoes are the coolest natural disaster
This was awesome for my 5th grade class
Thanks I learned a lot in the school
gives lots of information but it doesint answer my questions
Cool so cool!
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i look wird
My mom saw the volcano in Hawaii last week.
OMG! the ashes look scary and mount st helens ash nearly reached 14 miles per 30 seconds
BOOM!BOO BOO, BOO, BOOM!
this is cool
National Geographic is great these volcano facts help ALOT. I think its REALLY AWSOME and its a website thats OUT OF THIS WORLD.
valcanos r [email protected]@[email protected][email protected]#$%^&%%*&^(*)^#!!!!!????
Awesome bro
Last take action
this is a good app for me thanks for making it
DA BOMB SON!!!!!
pretty cool guys
really cool volcano
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you doen a great job you helped me pass my test
Awesomely amaizing!
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that is so cool
Im writing about volcano. Volcano are very awesome
that is so so so so bad i didnt learn a thing boo -___-
that is really bad
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hi and cool
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hello friends
SOOOO COOL!!
intresting facts
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OUTSTANDING!
these place rocks
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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
I think it is soooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo cool
no. just no. why would u even? dead. SO dead.
U spelt mt vesuvius wrong
so cool i love it
Awsome!!!!!!!! :)
Cool this helped me in my science class
awesome whoa volcano pizza
It was so helpful for my report
this is awsome such cool major eruptions i am bursting wih excitment big facts about volcanoes so cool
wow amazing volcanoes havr came to life such amazing major eruptions
Volcano was made from the ground?
these volcano facts are explosive!
So so so Cool
BOOOOOOOOOOOOM! Hehe lol. ;-)
Cool facts they really helped me at school
Nice job with the video
Very good and interesting
CUSTOMIZE YOUR AVATAR
More like physical geography.
Home Is Good
Awesome poems about the water cycle!
Nile river facts
15 fantastic rainforest facts!
Structure of the Earth!
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Volcanoes - KS2 - Planning Overview
Subject: Geography
Age range: 7-11
Resource type: Unit of work
I've worked in primary teaching for over 10 years and specialise in creating fun and engaging educational resources, particularly for Geography and History.
Last updated
30 April 2021
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This is the free planning overview for Volcanoes . A vocabulary page and topic title page are also included.
The unit is designed for KS2 students and includes seven fully-planned lessons complete with differentiated activities and worksheets.
All the resources described in this unit plan are available on TES, either as individual lessons or as a bundle . Lessons include:
L1 – Understanding the structure of the Earth L2 – Investigating the structure of a volcano L3 – Locating the world’s famous volcanoes L4 – Investigating the five deadly features of a volcanic eruption L5 – Understanding tectonic plates L6 – Exploring the effects of volcanic eruptions on Montserrat L7 – Why do people live near volcanoes?
A free newspaper report template is also included in this unit.
If you like this resource, we would appreciate a review! We will happily send you a free resource in return for a review or useful suggestions/feedback. Contact us at [email protected] .
For more Geography resources, check out www.teachitforward.co.uk .
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A bundle is a package of resources grouped together to teach a particular topic, or a series of lessons, in one place.
Volcanoes - KS2
**Volcanoes** is an exciting Geography unit designed for students in KS2. The planning overview, topic title page and vocabulary page can be downloaded for free [here](https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/volcanoes-ks2-planning-overview-12181290). Lessons include: **L1** – Understanding the structure of the Earth **L2** – Investigating the structure of a volcano (FREE) **L3** – Locating the world’s famous volcanoes **L4** – Investigating the five deadly features of a volcanic eruption **L5** – Understanding tectonic plates **L6** – Exploring the effects of volcanic eruptions on Montserrat **L7** – Why do people live near volcanoes? Each lesson includes a presentation and differentiated activities/worksheets. A FREE [newspaper report template](https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/newspaper-report-template-12229391) is also included in this unit. If you like this resource, we would appreciate a review! We will happily send you a free resource in return for a review or useful suggestions/feedback. Contact us at [email protected] For more Geography resources, check out www.teachitforward.co.uk.
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An excellent resource
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Thank you for your lovely review - I really appreciate it! :) If you need any help with the Volcanoes unit, get in touch at [email protected]
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An excellent resource......user friendly and very clear
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Ideas, Inspiration, and Giveaways for Teachers
We Are Teachers
The Best Volcano Videos for Kids
They’ll erupt with excitement!
Earth science doesn’t have to be a dry subject. Take volcanoes—they’re exciting, powerful, dangerous, and all in all pretty fascinating to kids. We put together a playlist of the best volcano videos for kids for maximum fun and science learning. Check them out!
Volcanoes for Kids
This is a great little introduction to the three different types of volcanoes: cinder cone, composite, and shield.
What is a Volcano?
Twig Education takes on this most essential of questions as you begin your exploration of volcanoes.
Volcano Eruptions
Fifteen hundred active volcanoes on Earth?! Yep—you heard that right! This video with kid hosts Amanda and Keith is one of several short, informative volcano videos from National Geographic Kids.
All About Volcanoes: How They Form, Eruptions & More!
SciShow Kids is always good for science content. In this video, Jessi and Squeaks explore nature’s way of letting off a little steam.
Bill Nye The Science Guy: Volcanoes
Introduce a new generation to the ’90s’ favorite scientist! Join Bill Nye as he takes on the hot-hot-hot world of volcanoes. You can also find out what he has to say about plate tectonics .
Volcanoes 101
This intro to volcanoes from National Geographic is five minutes long and great for older students. They’ll be interested in the VEI (Volcanic Explosivity Index).
Volcano Eruption Explained
Don’t let the animation throw you off. This offering from TED-Ed is an in-depth explanation of how volcanoes form and what causes their eruptions.
How to Volcanoes Erupt
Leave it to the StoryBots to come up with a catchy song to explain how a volcano erupts. Your students will be singing, “Hot lava fondue.”
Earthquakes & Volcanoes
This is a great illustration of volcanic eruption. Plus, there’s some bonus content about a related phenomenon—the earthquake.
The Ring of Fire
This episode of Twinkle Trails takes us to Hawaii, where we learn about the layers of the Earth and the what and why behind this special area prone to major geological events.
Hawaii: Volcanoes
We love the Are We There Yet? series from Travel Kids! In this episode, Rosie and Julian meet up with a volcano expert to learn about Kilauea and Mauna Loa. Watch as they get a sample of the lava for an experiment!
Nature Cat: Tally Ho! A Volcano!
Hooray for PBS Kids! In this episode, Nature Cat and friends form the Amateur Volcanologist Club. It’s good fun peppered with solid information.
Volcano Livestream
Nature cams aren’t just for animals. Volcanoverse provides live monitoring of volcanoes and earthquakes 24/7 worldwide. Watch those hot spots!
Calling all Moana fans! You’re going to love this geological love story from Pixar inspired by a real underwater volcano off the coast of the Big Island.
Volcano Challenge!
This round-up wouldn’t be complete without a tutorial for the classic baking soda and vinegar volcano. We like this one from the Arizona Science Center.
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Plus, amazing virtual field trips..
Kimmie is a Senior Editor at WeAreTeachers. She has 13 years of classroom teaching experience and a master's degree in curriculum and instruction. Kimmie was the 2009 Puget Sound Teacher of the Year.
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Earthquakes and Volcanoes
This list consists of lesson plans, activities and ideas to support the teaching of science through the topic of Earthquakes and Volcanoes. It contains ideas for how to link science to the topic, tips on using the resources, suggestions for further use and background subject knowledge to support teachers in delivering the science objectives through this topic. Resources support the teaching of the topics: Evolution and inheritance, Earth and Space, properties and changes of materials and forces. This enables teachers to choose which aspect of science they would like to teach within the overarching topic.
Visit the primary resources for cross curricular topics webpage to access all resource lists: https://www.stem.org.uk/cross-curricular-topics-resources
The Splitting Earth
Quality Assured Category: Design and technology Publisher: Natural Environment Research Council - UKRI
A great introduction to the topic of Earthquakes and Volcanoes, this video discusses how the movement of tectonic plates impacts on the Earth's crust. Children could research the types of animals that live in volcanic regions and how they are adapted to their surroundings. Certain types of shrimp, for example, have adapted to feed of the nutrients that come from hardening larvae.
What is a Volcano?
Quality Assured Category: Science Publisher: Twig
Although aimed at older children, this video introduction to volcanoes includes some fantastic images of volcanoes.
Children could discuss whether or not the melting of rock is a reversible change. Children will often hold the misconception that rock cannot be melted. It is rare for children to be able to see this phenomenon.
Is There Anyone Out There?
Quality Assured Category: Science Publisher: ESERO-UK
Is There Anyone Out There is a resource which gives children the opportunity to investigate whether or not there are aliens.
On Page 29, there are two options for 'making' volcanoes on Mars. There is also a wealth of background information for teachers.
Both options allow children to consider reversible and irreversible changes. Option B, which uses chocolate, could also be linked to DT food technology objectives.
Danger: Volcanic Ash
Quality Assured Category: Earth science Publisher: Twig
When Eyjafjallajökull errupted in 2010, the giant ash cloud produced prevented planes from flying all over Europe.
One of the reasons that planes cannot fly through ash clouds is that the ash is frozen at such a great height. Children could investigate at what height other materials freeze and why this is. They could also carry out investigations into reversible and irreversible change.
Pulleys are often used to help rescue people after earthquakes and other emergencies. Providing a context for children to design a product involving pulleys can help to keep them engaged in what can be a tricky area of the curriculum.
This video shows a group of children using pulleys to move a truck. Children could investigate what heavy items they could move using pulleys, for example they could lift a large container filled with water. Any activity involving lifting heavy items should be properly risk assessed.
Children could also be taken climbing when learning about pulleys. This could be linked to rescuing people after an earthquake.
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust, which allows hot magma, ash and gases to escape from below the surface. I’ve been asked by my fellow explorers to get some rock samples from Mount...
Volcano facts 1. Put simply, a volcano is an opening in the Earth’s surface. Usually found in a mountain, the opening allows gas, hot magma and ash to escape from beneath the Earth’s crust. 2. The word “volcano” comes from the Roman name “Vulcan”. “But who was Vulcan?” you might ask. He was the Roman god of fire! Love animals?
Lessons include: L1 – Understanding the structure of the Earth L2 – Investigating the structure of a volcano (FREE) L3 – Locating the world’s famous volcanoes L4 – Investigating the five deadly features of a volcanic eruption L5 – Understanding tectonic plates L6 – Exploring the effects of volcanic eruptions on Montserrat
Lessons include: L1 – Understanding the structure of the Earth L2 – Investigating the structure of a volcano L3 – Locating the world’s famous volcanoes L4 – Investigating the five deadly features of a volcanic eruption L5 – Understanding tectonic plates L6 – Exploring the effects of volcanic eruptions on Montserrat
In this episode, Rosie and Julian meet up with a volcano expert to learn about Kilauea and Mauna Loa. Watch as they get a sample of the lava for an experiment! Nature Cat: Tally Ho! A Volcano! Hooray for PBS Kids! In this episode, Nature Cat and friends form the Amateur Volcanologist Club. It’s good fun peppered with solid information.
Volcanoes for Kids | A fun and engaging introduction to volcanoes for children Learn Bright 217K subscribers Subscribe 11K 3.2M views 4 years ago UNITED STATES Our Volcanoes for Kids video is...
Earthquakes and Volcanoes This list consists of lesson plans, activities and ideas to support the teaching of science through the topic of Earthquakes and Volcanoes. It contains ideas for how to link science to the topic, tips on using the resources, suggestions for further use and background subject knowledge to support teachers in delivering ...
Volcanoes are formed when magma, which is located at the centre of the Earth, pushes its way upwards through the Earth through a long shaft. When the magma travels through the Earth's crust, it emerges as lava. Once this lava has erupted onto the Earth's surface, it cools and hardens into a pile of rock.
A volcano is a type of mountain that caves downwards to a pool of molten rock, which is below the Earth’s surface. During a volcanic eruption, pressure builds up underground due to the formation of magma, which is molten rock mixed with gas. The pressure causes gases and rock to shoot up through the opening and spill over with lava fragments.