export java_home inconsistent type for assignment

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JAVA_HOME is not set correctly after adding and appending to PATH

Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Bash version 4.3.11(1)-release

I've added $JAVA_HOME to ~/.profile (and .bash_profile) like this:

But still typing echo $JAVA_HOME yields:

• The most likely explanation is that JAVA_HOME is set again later in the initialisation file sequence. Try grep JAVA_HOME .profile .bash* to check. However, JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/bin/java) is wrong: this sets JAVA_HOME to the first token in the output from running /usr/bin/java , but this generates help text on standard error and nothing on standard output, so JAVA_HOME is set to an empty string. –  AFH Nov 14, 2018 at 14:07

Using the variable assignment with a $() tells Linux to do a command substitution. So, it is trying to run the command /usr/bin/java and assign the output to the variable.

You should use:

Then to make the new variables live, execute your profile script:

Note the extra . at the beginning. Without it the variable assignment would only persist within the scope of the script.

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Chapter 5. configuring the java_home environment variable on rhel.

Some applications require you to set the JAVA_HOME environment variable so that they can find the Red Hat build of OpenJDK installation.

Prerequisites

• You know where you installed Red Hat build of OpenJDK on your system. For example, /opt/jdk/11 .

Set the value of JAVA_HOME .

Verify that JAVA_HOME is set correctly.

You can make the value of JAVA_HOME persistent by exporting the environment variable in ~/.bashrc for single users or /etc/bashrc for system-wide settings. Persistent means that if you close your terminal or reboot your computer, you do not need to reset a value for the JAVA_HOME environment variable.

The following example demonstrates using a text editor to enter commands for exporting JAVA_HOME in ~/.bashrc for a single user:

Additional resources

• Be aware of the exact meaning of JAVA_HOME . For more information, see Changes/Decouple system java setting from java command setting .

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How to set JAVA_HOME for Java?

I've installed a version of Java. How can we set the $JAVA_HOME environment variable correctly?

4 Answers 4

You can set your JAVA_HOME in /etc/profile as Petronilla Escarabajo suggests. But the preferred location for JAVA_HOME or any system variable is /etc/environment .

Open /etc/environment in any text editor like nano or gedit and add the following line:

(java path could be different)

Use source to load the variables, by running this command:

Then check the variable, by running this command:

Usually most linux systems source /etc/environment by default. If your system doesn't do that add the following line to ~/.bashrc (Thanks @pje)

• 2 When i tried to run Android Studio (that has IntelliJ IDEA as a base), i had an error message very similar to @advocate's: "'tools.jar' seems to be not in Android Studio classpath." After fiddling a lot with JAVA_HOME without success, i decided to take a look at studio.sh, the shellscript that starts Android Studio. As a wild guess, i set JDK_HOME to the same value expected for JAVA_HOME, and voila! It installed without great problems. –  Hilton Fernandes Mar 7, 2015 at 23:20
• 6 For those doing software development, don't put your JAVA_HOME in /etc/environment unless you want to reboot everytime you switch JDK versions. –  Dave Sep 20, 2016 at 19:03
• 3 This is a temporary solution, as others pointed out. No one would want to run source every time they restart their bash. –  yuranos Feb 19, 2017 at 21:49
• 7 As others have pointed out, this doesn't stick between terminal sessions. What I did to address this is just added the line source /etc/environment to the top of my bash config file ~/.bashrc so that it loads all my environment settings on startup. Working for me so far. –  pje Mar 11, 2017 at 22:31
• 2 @sedulam I updated the answer –  Manula Waidyanatha Apr 20, 2017 at 6:20

To set JAVA_HOME environment variable, do the following:

• Launch Terminal by pressing Ctrl + Alt + T on your keyboard.
• Enter the following command: $ gksudo gedit /etc/environment
• Depending on where you installed your Java, you will need to provide the full path. For this example, I installed Oracle JDK 7 in the /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle directory. Scroll to the end of the file and enter the following: JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle export JAVA_HOME
• Save your file and exit gedit .
• Lastly, reload the system PATH with the following command: $ . /etc/environment

The above method will save you the hassle in having to run the commands every time you log in to your computer.

• 7 How does . /etc/environment work? –  Sudip Bhandari Sep 13, 2016 at 13:36
• 1 Is the addition of the export command necessary in the /etc/environment ? –  pkaramol Nov 23, 2016 at 10:01
• @pkaramol I've had to add export JAVA_HOME on 16.04LTS to make it load at startup. –  adeen-s Jan 20, 2017 at 6:20
• 4 @adeen-s You added export to a line in /etc/environment and it helped? That file contains variable definitions parsed as = -delimited name-value pairs; its contents are not executed as commands. (See man pam_env .) So unless you're separately treating the file as though it were a script (such as by passing /etc/environment to bash's . / source builtin), I wouldn't expect that to work. –  Eliah Kagan Aug 17, 2017 at 16:02
• 1 > How does . /etc/environment work? -- . (dot) loads commands from a file askubuntu.com/a/232938/189965 –  Roman Bekkiev Sep 22, 2018 at 7:32

If you do not know the path and you only have openJDK installed, you can type update-alternatives --config java and you should find the path. To set the variable you can write JAVA_HOME=<PATH> followed by export JAVA_HOME . Notice there's no space when declaring the variable. To check if the variable is stored you simply type echo $JAVA_HOME to verify.

• 1 This seems like it would be static. If I remove openjdk-7 and install openjdk-9, won't the JAVA_HOME then point to the wrong place? How can it be made dynamic? –  DavidJ Jul 20, 2016 at 18:49
• 3 By you manually changing it. Once again, YOU are the way it becomes dynamic.... –  Dave Sep 20, 2016 at 19:04
• What @HDave means is that In certain cases, you may want JAVA_HOME to point to a specific java version, so making the update of JAVA_HOME dynamic may not be what you want. –  Maciej Oct 9, 2016 at 15:31
• i like this answer. I tested with echo and see my path. However, I am confused why I am still getting JAVA_HOME environment variable is not set when I run mvn -version –  Winnemucca Apr 11, 2017 at 22:19
• 3 I wrote this answer back when I was more ignorant. Setting the variable as described will only affect your current terminal session, and will not be persisted. The correct way is to run update-alternatives --install <link> <name> <target> <priority> for example: update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/default-runtime/bin/java 1 –  Erro May 14, 2017 at 12:26

This is the best option if you always want to use the latest one installed. Nowadays (Ubuntu 23.10) you should probably have it installed through apt like:

In this case, you should find it at /usr/lib/jvm/default-java . It's a symlink that points to whichever the current JVM is on the same folder. So, just run this to add the environment as a separate file:

Add this line and save:

Then reboot or login again, or source /etc/environment.d/90java.conf to load it on the current shell.

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How to set JAVA_HOME on Linux

We can set JAVA_HOME on Linux in different ways. One of the prominent ways is to set the JAVA_HOME using an environment variable.

How to set JAVA_HOME on Linux:

Environment variables can be set up in three different types:

• Local Environment variables: Bind to a specific session.
• User Environment variables: Bind to a specific user.
• System Environment variables: Bind to system-wide.

1. Set JAVA_HOME with export:

Using export command we can set the JAVA_HOME, but as we discussed, this is volatile – as soon as we leave the terminal session, this setting will go away.

1.1 Setting PATH:

2. set java_home environment:.

We can permanently set the JAVA_HOME using /etc/environment file. This will be applied to system-level.

Add the below lines to add the JAVA_HOME

2.1 Apply the changes:

Apply the environment variables by using the source command.

References:

• How to set JAVA_HOME on windows

Happy Learning 🙂

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Unwanted output when source ~/.zshrc #125

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Once you have installed the JDK (see Supported Platforms ), you need to set the JAVA_HOME environment variable.

To set the JAVA_HOME environment variable on Windows

• Right click on the ' My Computer ' icon on your desktop and select ' Properties '.
• Click the ' Advanced ' tab.
• Click the ' Environment Variables ' button.
• Click ' New '.
• In the ' Variable name ' field, enter 'JAVA_HOME'.
• In the ' Variable value ' field, enter the directory (including its full path) where you installed the JDK.
• Restart the computer.

To set the JAVA_HOME environment variable on 'nix based systems

There are many ways you can do it on 'nix based systems (including Mac OS X). Here are two:

For your current user,

• Open up a shell / terminal window
• vi ~/.profile  (replace vi with your favorite text editor)
• Add  export JAVA_HOME=/path/to/java/home/dir  on its own line at the end of the file
• Add  export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH  on its own line immediately after
• Save, and restart your shell
• Running  java -version  should give you the desired results

For all users in the system,

• vi /etc/profile  (replace vi with your favorite text editor)

If you are using a GUI, you may not need to open up the shell. Instead, you might be able to open the file directly in a graphical text editor.

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