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How Long Does an Online Payment Take to Process?
Thanks to the internet, it’s possible to move money around both securely and conveniently when you need to make a purchase or pay a bill. If you arrange an online payment either from or to your account, be ready for it to process relatively fast.
What Is an Online Payment?
When funds exchange electronically after you’ve initiated a transaction, this constitutes an online payment. Online payments involve transactions to move monetary funds from one bank or credit card account to another bank account. You can make an online payment using a credit card, debit card, checking account or an online banking service. Any merchant that accepts online payments needs to have security protocols in place to protect your billing, card and personal information secure and out of the hands of cybercriminals.
Benefits of Online Payments
The speed of online payments makes them beneficial thanks to the time you can save and the convenience. Because more consumers expect and even demand the ability to make online payments, more organizations are making this form of payment possible. Business owners can also enjoy some benefits of the process because they can receive payments faster and without having to deposit checks or record payments.
Funding an Online Payment
An eCheck is one type of online payment. To fund an eCheck, the money typically debits out of a checking account before being transferred out of the account and transferred into the payee’s account via an automated clearinghouse network. There’s usually a pre-authorization process that takes place before this happens. Then the merchant or business enters payment information into software that processes online payments. This can happen automatically with some software. The transaction is initiated when you submit your payment information, which then leads to withdrawal of the specified amount from your account. It can take a week for this type of payment to fully process.
Credit cards and debit cards can also fund online payments. With a credit card, the amount appears as a charge on the credit card account, adding to the balance due. With a debit card, the amount is deducted from the associated bank account.
Typical Process Times
Processing times for online payments can vary, but it typically takes about three to five business days. You might see an initial hold on funds in your account, and this is placed there to validate the account and secure the funds. Credit card payments usually take several business days. They’re necessary to clear the transaction and verify that the funds for the payment are available. Because of these delays, don’t wait until the last minute to make a payment.
Common Online Payment Solutions
With a myriad of options available for making and receiving online payments, you have many choices to suit your needs. PayPal is a well-known payment solution. When you have an account and available funds, it’s possible to transfer money and request payments. U.S. citizens can also utilize WePay for payment processing. This option allows both credit card payments and payments from bank accounts. Payoneer is available worldwide, enabling free payment receipt and a debit card connected to an account.
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Assignment of Payments Sample Clauses
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Assignment of a Contract - Explained
What is Assignment and Delegation of a Contract?

Written by Jason Gordon
Updated at September 24th, 2021
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Table of Contents
What is assignment and delegation of contracts.
Assignment is the transfer by one party of her right to receive performance from the other party to the contract. Delegation is the transfer by one party of her duties to perform under a contract.
Next Article: Duty of Performance Back to: CONTRACT LAW
How do you Assign or Delegate a Contract?
The rights under a contract can be assigned or the duties delegated through agreement between the assignor and assignee. Assignments/delegations can be a gift or an exchange for other value. In general, unless the contract deems otherwise, obligees may assign their rights or delegate their duties under the contract to third parties.
- Note : The assignor/delegator must give notice to the other party immediately upon assignment/delegation.
Writing Requirement - Assignments and delegations of common law contracts do not have to be in writing. Assignments of contracts for the sale of goods, however, must be in writing if the original contract was subject to the statute of frauds.
Non-Assignable/Delegable Contracts : Unless the agreement limits assignment of rights, most contracts are assignable. Delegation of duties pursuant to contract is more limited. The following contracts are not capable of delegation:
- Example : I sign a contract to supply all of the cement that your company needs. You are a small construction business with about $1 million per year in revenue. You attempt to assign the contract to ABC Corp, which is a large company with $10 million per year in revenue. If this will dramatically increase my supply requirements, it cannot be assigned without my consent.
Increases Burden or Risk - Generally, any contract that materially increases the other partys burden, risk, or ability to receive return performance is not delegable. As such, requirement contracts generally cannot be delegated because the producers duty depends on the individual output requirements of the purchaser.
- Example : I sign a contract to supply all of the cement that your company needs. You signed the contract with my company because of my reputation and ability to perform. I cannot then delegate the duties under the contract to another company without your consent. This could increase your risk of not receiving performance.
Special Skills - A party to a contract cannot delegate performance of duties under a contract when performance depends on the character, skill, or training of that party.
- Example : One singer cannot transfer her obligations under a contract to another singer if the other party depended upon the skill of that particular vocalist.
Multiple Assignments - A party can partially assign a contract or assign the same contract to multiple parties. Different jurisdictions follow different rules regarding the priority of the assignees. Some jurisdictions allow that the first assignee of a contract who gives notice to the obligor has priority over other assignees. Other jurisdictions follow the rule that the first assignee to receive assignment of a contract has priority to performance by the obligor. Still other jurisdictions follow the rule that the first assignee has priority, unless:
Purchaser in Good Faith for Value - If an assignee pays value for the assignment in good faith without notice of a prior assignment (and the prior assignee did not receive the assignment in good faith and for value), she has priority over prior assignments.
- Example : ABC Corp has a duty to deliver goods to me. I assign the right to receive the goods to 123 Corp as a gift. I later decide to assign the right to receive goods to XYZ Corp in exchange for $1,000. XYZ Corp has no knowledge of my prior assignment to 123 Corp. ABC Corp will have priority over 123 Corp, as 123 Corp did not pay anything for receiving the assignment.
- Example : I am a party to a contract with ABC Corp. I assign my rights under a contract to Tammy and later to June. Tammy sues me and ABC Corp to establish her priority regarding performance of the contract. The court may award priority to Tammy or June.
Novations - If the assignee executes a novation, the novation establishes priority. A novation is a new contract between individuals that replaces a party to the contract or obligations or rights under the agreement.
- Example : I am a party to a contract with ABC Corp. I assign my rights under a contract to Tammy and later to June. June enters into a novation agreement with ABC Corp that replaces me under the contract and establishes her as the obligee. June will have priority of performance above Tammy.
Written Assignment - If a later assignee receives a written assignment capable of transfer that is not in writing, she will have rights superior to those of an earlier assignee. Some agreements, such as assignments that are subject to the statute of frauds, are only capable of being assigned via a valid writing. If a prior assignment does not satisfy the statute of frauds, a subsequent transfer could take precedent. It is important to review the specific rules applicable to the specific jurisdiction when determining ones rights under an assigned contract.
- Example : I am party to a written contract to sell goods to ABC Corp. I verbally transfer my right to receive payment to Amy. I later transfer the right to receive payment to Zora in a written agreement. Zora may have priority over Amy.
- Example : I verbally assign to you my rights to receive payment under a contract. I later tell you that I am revoking the assignment. This is effect to revoke the assignment because the original assignment was a gift and I did not make the assignment in writing.
Modification after Assignment - Generally, a contract cannot be modified after assignment. As previously discussed, once a contract has vested, the parties generally cannot modify the contract in a way that impairs the assignees rights. If, however, a modification does not affect the assignees rights, it may be modified.
- Example : I have the right under a contract with ABC Corp to receive payment. I transfer the right to receive payment to you. I later approach ABC Corp and alter my obligation to deliver goods on a specific date. If the alteration of my duties does not affect your rights as assignee, the alteration is not prohibited.
- Note : There is an exception in commercial contracts under the UCC that allows for modifications or substitutions in accordance with commercially acceptable standards. This allows for slight modifications that are within the expectations of the parties.
Continued Delegator Responsibilities - The party delegating the contract is still potentially liable under the contract if the delegatee fails to perform. If, however, the delegatee and the obligee under the contract enter into a novation, the delegator is relieved of responsibility.
- Example : I am obligated to perform services to ABC Corp. I delegate my responsibilities to you. If you fail to perform the consulting duties, ABC Corp can still sue me. If, however, you enter into a novation with ABC Corp that substitutes you for me in the original contract, your failure to perform does not affect me.
- Note : If the delegator expresses her intent to repudiate the contract upon assignment to the delegatee, there is an implied novation if the obligee does not object. Also, the delegatee will be liable under the contract if she expressly or impliedly accepts responsibility for performance.
Most of the above rules regarding assignment and delegation are capable of modification in a contract between the parties.
Related Topics
- Privity of Contract
- Who are third-party beneficiaries to a contract?
Discussion Question
How do you feel about treating assignments of rights and delegation of duties under contracts differently? Which of the assignment priority rules do you believe is most fair to the parties? Why? Should a party be able to modify a contract after assigning her benefits?
Practice Question
Cleo is a party to a contract with ABC Corp to provide consulting services. Cleo verbally assigns her rights to receive payment to Austin. Cleo later verbally assigns her rights to receive payment to Steve. Austin complains to Cleo about her subsequent assignment. What can Austin do to establish his priority to receive payment from ABC Corp?
- A party to a contract may at any given time transfer their rights in the contract to another person or to multiple people. This transfer of rights by a party to a third party is referred to novation. However, the transfer of rights to multiple people works on the principle of priority, meaning that the first person to receive the rights from the party to the contract holds priority to the others who received the rights after them. In the event of a dispute arising from how to allocate the benefits of the transferred right, the person to whom the rights were transferred to first has a right to sue. In this scenario, if Austin does not receive payment from ABC Corp, he can sue the company. If he is a creditor beneficiary, he could also sue Cleo.
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This section addresses the relief available to a consumer who has purchased a defective product on credit and whose financing contract has been assigned by the seller to a third party (called the creditor-assignee).
A. Preservation of Buyer’s Rights: The Federal Trade Commission Holder Rule
The Holder Rule is a federal rule intended to protect consumers when their financing contracts are sold to a creditor. The Rule becomes relevant in cases where a consumer buys an item from a seller on credit, which breaks shortly after purchase, but which the seller will not repair or replace. When the buyer attempts to discontinue payments, the buyer finds that the contract has been assigned (sold) to a third party—a bank or finance company—that may know nothing of the defect, that cannot cure the defect, and that demands continued payment from the buyer. Because the buyer no longer has a contract with the seller, the buyer has no recourse against the seller. Thus, the question is what recourse and protection the buyer has against the holder of the contract. The Holder Rule answers this question by placing the assignee-creditor in the shoes of the seller. In other words, the Rule preserves any affirmative legal claims and any defenses the consumer had against the seller and allows the consumer to assert those claims and defenses against the creditor-assignee. The Holder Rule does not create any new rights for the consumer; it simply preserves any rights the consumer had when he or she entered into the contract with the seller, no matter who holds the financing contract when the buyer finds the defect. The result is that the buyer may defend against a creditor’s suit for nonpayment by raising a valid claim against the seller as a set-off, or, the buyer may bring an affirmative action against a creditor that has received payments for a return of monies paid on the account.
B. Mandatory Notice Requirements
The Holder Rule preserves a consumer’s rights by requiring the seller to include certain language in the contract that subjects any future creditor-assignee to the same claims and defenses that the consumer could have asserted against the seller. In accordance with federal regulations, 16 C.F.R. §§433.1 and 433.2, in any sale or lease of goods or services to consumers, a seller:
1. Must include the following notice, in at least ten point, bold face type, in any consumer credit contract taken or received by the seller:
NOTICE ANY HOLDER OF THIS CONSUMER CREDIT CONTRACT IS SUBJECT TO ALL CLAIMS AND DEFENSES WHICH THE DEBTOR COULD ASSERT AGAINST THE SELLER OF GOODS OR SERVICES OBTAINED PURSUANT HERETO OR WITH THE PROCEEDS HEREOF. RECOVERY HEREUNDER BY THE DEBTOR SHALL NOT EXCEED AMOUNTS PAID BY THE DEBTOR.
or 2. Must not accept, as full or partial payment for such sale or lease, the proceeds of any purchase money loan (a cash advance that is received by a consumer in return for a finance charge, which is applied to a purchase of goods or services from a seller), unless any consumer credit contract made in connection with such purchase money loan contains the following provision in at least ten point, bold face, type:
NOTICE ANY HOLDER OF THIS CONSUMER CREDIT CONTRACT IS SUBJECT TO ALL CLAIMS AND DEFENSES WHICH THE DEBTOR COULD ASSERT AGAINST THE SELLER OF GOODS OR SERVICES OBTAINED WITH THE PROCEEDS HEREOF. RECOVERY HEREUNDER BY THE DEBTOR SHALL NOT EXCEED AMOUNTS PAID BY THE DEBTOR HEREUNDER.
C. Consequences of Failure to Include Mandatory Provisions
Any seller who fails to place one of these notices in a consumer credit contract is considered to have committed an unfair or deceptive act or practice under the Federal Trade Commission Act, subjecting the seller to action by the Federal Trade Commission. In New Mexico, a buyer does not waive the protections afforded by the Holder Rule simply because the seller did not include the mandatory language in the contract. Rather, the law assumes the creditor-assignee takes the contract subject to all claims and defenses the buyer could have asserted against the seller. §55-9-404(d). See also Associates Loan Co. v. Walker , 76 N.M. 520 (1966)(explaining it is a “fundamental rule of law . . . that an assignee . . . acquires by virtue of his assignment nothing more than the assignor had and all equities and defenses which could have been raised by the debtor against the assignor are available to the debtor against the assignee”); Jaramillo v. Gonzales , 2002-NMCA-072, 132 N.M. 459, 50 P.3d 554 (explaining the Holder Rule holds the assignee subject to all claims the consumer might bring against the original seller).
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Subpart 32.8 - Assignment of Claims
32.800 scope of subpart..
This subpart prescribes policies and procedures for the assignment of claims under the Assignment of Claims Act of1940, as amended, ( 31 U.S.C.3727 , 41 U.S.C.6305 ) (hereafter referred to as "the Act").
32.801 Definitions.
Designated agency , as used in this subpart, means any department or agency of the executive branch of the United States Government (see 32.803 (d)).
No-setoff commitment , as used in this subpart, means a contractual undertaking that, to the extent permitted by the Act, payments by the designated agency to the assignee under an assignment of claims will not be reduced to liquidate the indebtedness of the contractor to the Government.

32.802 Conditions.
Under the Assignment of Claims Act, a contractor may assign moneys due or to become due under a contract if all the following conditions are met:
(a) The contract specifies payments aggregating $1,000 or more.
(b) The assignment is made to a bank, trust company, or other financing institution, including any Federal lending agency.
(c) The contract does not prohibit the assignment.
(d) Unless otherwise expressly permitted in the contract, the assignment-
(1) Covers all unpaid amounts payable under the contract;
(2) Is made only to one party, except that any assignment may be made to one party as agent or trustee for two or more parties participating in the financing of the contract; and
(3) Is not subject to further assignment.
(e) The assignee sends a written notice of assignment together with a true copy of the assignment instrument to the-
(1) Contracting officer or the agency head ;
(2) Surety on any bond applicable to the contract; and
(3) Disbursing officer designated in the contract to make payment.
32.803 Policies.
(a) Any assignment of claims that has been made under the Act to any type of financing institution listed in 32.802 (b) may thereafter be further assigned and reassigned to any such institution if the conditions in 32.802 (d) and (e) continue to be met.
(b) A contract may prohibit the assignment of claims if the agency determines the prohibition to be in the Government’s interest.
(c) Under a requirements or indefinite quantity type contract that authorizes ordering and payment by multiple Government activities, amounts due for individual orders for $1,000 or more may be assigned.
(d) Any contract of a designated agency (see FAR 32.801 ), except a contract under which full payment has been made, may include a no-setoff commitment only when a determination of need is made by the head of the agency , in accordance with the Presidential delegation of authority dated October 3,1995, and after such determination has been published in the Federal Register. The Presidential delegation makes such determinations of need subject to further guidance issued by the Office of Federal Procurement Policy. The following guidance has been provided:
Use of the no-setoff provision may be appropriate to facilitate the national defense ; in the event of a national emergency or natural disaster; or when the use of the no-setoff provision may facilitate private financing of contract performance. However, in the event an offeror is significantly indebted to the United States , the contracting officer should consider whether the inclusion of the no-setoff commitment in a particular contract is in the best interests of the United States . In such an event, the contracting officer should consult with the Government officer(s) responsible for collecting the debt(s).
(e) When an assigned contract does not include a no-setoff commitment , the Government may apply against payments to the assignee any liability of the contractor to the Government arising independently of the assigned contract if the liability existed at the time notice of the assignment was received even though that liability had not yet matured so as to be due and payable.
32.804 Extent of assignee’s protection.
(a) No payments made by the Government to the assignee under any contract assigned in accordance with the Act may be recovered on account of any liability of the contractor to the Government. This immunity of the assignee is effective whether the contractor’s liability arises from or independently of the assigned contract.
(b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, the inclusion of a no-setoff commitment in an assigned contract entitles the assignee to receive contract payments free of reduction or setoff for-
(1) Any liability of the contractor to the Government arising independently of the contract; and
(2) Any of the following liabilities of the contractor to the Government arising from the assigned contract:
(i) Renegotiation under any statute or contract clause .
(ii) Fines.
(iii) Penalties, exclusive of amounts that may be collected or withheld from the contractor under, or for failure to comply with, the terms of the contract.
(iv) Taxes or social security contributions.
(v) Withholding or nonwithholding of taxes or social security contributions.
(c) In some circumstances, a setoff may be appropriate even though the assigned contract includes a no-setoff commitment ; e.g.-
(1) When the assignee has neither made a loan under the assignment nor made a commitment to do so; or
(2) To the extent that the amount due on the contract exceeds the amount of any loans made or expected to be made under a firm commitment for financing.
32.805 Procedure.
(a) Assignments.
(1) Assignments by corporations shall be-
(i) Executed by an authorized representative;
(ii) Attested by the secretary or the assistant secretary of the corporation; and
(iii) Impressed with the corporate seal or accompanied by a true copy of the resolution of the corporation’s board of directors authorizing the signing representative to execute the assignment.
(2) Assignments by a partnership may be signed by one partner, if the assignment is accompanied by adequate evidence that the signer is a general partner of the partnership and is authorized to execute assignments on behalf of the partner-ship.
(3) Assignments by an individual shall be signed by that individual and the signature acknowledged before a notary public or other person authorized to administer oaths.
(b) Filing. The assignee shall forward to each party specified in 32.802 (e) an original and three copies of the notice of assignment, together with one true copy of the instrument of assignment. The true copy shall be a certified duplicate or photostat copy of the original assignment.
(c) Format for notice of assignment. The following is a suggested format for use by an assignee in providing the notice of assignment required by 32.802 (e).
Notice of Assignment
To: ___________ [ Address to one of the parties specified in 32.802 (e) ].
This has reference to Contract No. __________ dated ______, entered into between ______ [ Contractor’s name and address ] and ______ [ Government agency, name of office, and address ], for ________ [ Describe nature of the contract ].
Moneys due or to become due under the contract described above have been assigned to the undersigned under the provisions of the Assignment of Claims Act of1940, as amended, ( 31 U.S.C.3727 , 41 U.S.C.6305 ).
A true copy of the instrument of assignment executed by the Contractor on ___________ [ Date ], is attached to the original notice.
Payments due or to become due under this contract should be made to the undersigned assignee.
Please return to the undersigned the three enclosed copies of this notice with appropriate notations showing the date and hour of receipt, and signed by the person acknowledging receipt on behalf of the addressee.
Very truly yours,
__________________________________________________ [ Name of Assignee ]
By _______________________________________________ [ Signature of Signing Officer ]
__________________________________________________ [ Titleof Signing Officer ]
__________________________________________________ [ Address of Assignee ]
Acknowledgement
Receipt is acknowledged of the above notice and of a copy of the instrument of assignment. They were received ____(a.m.) (p.m.) on ______, 20___.
__________________________________________________ [ Signature ]
__________________________________________________ [ Title ]
__________________________________________________ On behalf of
__________________________________________________ [ Name of Addressee of this Notice ]
(d) Examination by the Government. In examining and processing notices of assignment and before acknowledging their receipt, contracting officers should assure that the following conditions and any additional conditions specified in agency regulations, have been met:
(1) The contract has been properly approved and executed.
(2) The contract is one under which claims may be assigned.
(3) The assignment covers only money due or to become due under the contract.
(4) The assignee is registered separately in the System for Award Management unless one of the exceptions in 4.1102 applies.
(e) Release of assignment.
(1) A release of an assignment is required whenever-
(i) There has been a further assignment or reassignment under the Act; or
(ii) The contractor wishes to reestablish its right to receive further payments after the contractor’s obligations to the assignee have been satisfied and a balance remains due under the contract.
(2) The assignee, under a further assignment or reassignment, in order to establish a right to receive payment from the Government, must file with the addressees listed in 32.802 (e) a-
(i) Written notice of release of the contractor by the assigning financing institution;
(ii) Copy of the release instrument;
(iii) Written notice of the further assignment or reassignment; and
(iv) Copy of the further assignment or reassignment instrument.
(3) If the assignee releases the contractor from an assignment of claims under a contract, the contractor, in order to establish a right to receive payment of the balance due under the contract, must file a written notice of release together with a true copy of the release of assignment instrument with the addressees noted in 32.802 (e).
(4) The addressee of a notice of release of assignment or the official acting on behalf of that addressee shall acknowledge receipt of the notice.
32.806 Contract clauses.
(a)
(1) The contracting officer shall insert the clause at 52.232-23 , Assignment of Claims , in solicitations and contracts expected to exceed the micro-purchase threshold , unless the contract will prohibit the assignment of claims (see 32.803 (b)). The use of the clause is not required for purchase orders . However, the clause may be used in purchase orders expected to exceed the micro-purchase threshold , that are accepted in writing by the contractor, if such use is consistent with agency policies and regulations.
(2) If a no-setoff commitment has been authorized (see 32.803 (d)), the contracting officer shall use the clause with its AlternateI.
(b) The contracting officer shall insert the clause at 52.232-24 , Prohibition of Assignment of Claims , in solicitations and contracts for which a determination has been made under agency regulations that the prohibition of assignment of claims is in the Government’s interest.
Assignment of Rights Example: Everything You Need to Know
A good assignment of rights example is if a party was entitled to collect $100 for painting, they can transfer the right to receive payment to another party. 3 min read
Updated October 28, 2020:
A good assignment of rights example is if a party was entitled to collect $100 for painting, they can transfer the right to receive payment to another party. An assignment contract takes place when one party to an existing contract (the assignor) transfers the contract's obligations and benefits to another party (the assignee).
What Is an Assignment Agreement?
A contract assignment occurs when a party assigns its contractual rights to a third party. The benefit the issuing party would have received from the contract is now assigned to the third party. The party appointing their rights is referred to as the assignor, while the party obtaining the rights is the assignee. Essentially, the assignor prefers that the assignee reverses roles and assumes the contractual rights and obligations as stated in the contract.
Before this can occur, all parties to the original contract must be notified. The party creating the assignment usually does so with the motive of profit. Generally, assignments are perfectly legal. In specific situations, they may be illegal when they have been prohibited by a clause in the contract or prohibited by law.
Use of an Assignment Agreement
In situations where you don't have the staff to perform a task, it may be necessary to outsource the work to another party. Assignment agreements are created to formally transfer the contractual responsibilities and rights to a third party, while also making sure to preserve your own obligations and legal rights. The use of an assignment agreement is appropriate when you're:
- Handing over your contractual responsibilities to a third party
- Taking over contracts or responsibilities held by another party
A contract assignment may also be referred to as an assignment agreement. An assignment agreement should include the:
- Name of the party transferring their contractual duties
- Name of the party receiving the contractual obligations and rights
- Third-party, or obligor, to the original contract
- Name of the actual contract, along with the expiration date
- If and when the obligor's approval has been received
- Specific date the contract will take effect
- State laws that govern the contract
Parties Involved in a Contract Assignment
Generally, a contract assignment is made up of the following parties:
- Obligor: The party that is committed to transferring benefits or rights to the party specified in the contract. The obligor is most likely the party that initially makes the contract.
- Assignor: The party that is the initial beneficiary of the benefits or rights. They are responsible for making the assignment. In other words, they will be handing over the rights they were initially going to receive.
- Assignee: The party that will be accepting the benefits and rights from the assignor. A transfer may have multiple assignees.
The steps in an assignment are:
- The obligor creates a contract with the assignor.
- The rights are transferred from the assignor to the assignee.
- The assignee is paid the benefits from the obligor.
How Is a Contract Assignment Created?
In most cases, it is not necessary to notify the obligor of an assignment. The assignor needs to definitively establish their intent in assigning rights to the assignee. Generally speaking, assignment contracts can be both written and oral. However, it is recommended that the contract is written.
It is important that the contract is written in the present tense. If any past or future tense is used, it will make the contract legally nonbinding.
How Assignments Work
The specific language used in the contract will determine how the assignment plays out. For example , one contract may prohibit an assignment, while another contract may require that all parties involved agree to it before proceeding. Remember, an assignment of a contract does not necessarily alleviate an assignor from all liability. Many contracts include an assurance clause guaranteeing performance. In other words, the initial parties to the contract guarantee the assignee will achieve the desired goal.
When Assignments Will Not Be Enforced
The following situations indicate when an assignment of a contract is not enforced:
- The contract specifically prohibits the assignment.
- The assignment drastically changes the expected outcome.
- The assignment is against public policy or illegal.
- The contract contains a no-assignment clause.
- The assignment is for a future right that would only be attainable in a contract in the future.
- The contract hasn't been finalized or written yet.
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Content Approved by UpCounsel
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Section 27-3250. ASSIGNMENT OF CONTRACT PAYMENTS BY CONTRACTORS
3250.1 A contractor may assign moneys due or to become due under a contract if all the following conditions are met:
(a) The contract specifies payments aggregating one thousand dollars ($1,000) or more;
(b) The assignment is made to a bank, trust company, or other financing institution; and
(c) The contract does not prohibit the assignment.
3250.2 Unless otherwise expressly permitted in the contract, an assignment shall cover all unpaid amounts payable under the contract.
3250.3 Unless expressly permitted in the contract, an assignment may be made only to one (1) party, except that any assignment may be made to one (1) party as agent or trustee for two (2) or more parties participating in the financing of the contract.
3250.4 Unless expressly permitted in the contract, an assignment of contract payments shall not be subject to further assignment.
3250.5 The assignee shall be required to send written notice of assignment together with a true copy of the assignment instrument to the following in accordance with §3251.4:
(a) The contracting officer;
(b) The surety on any bond applicable to the contract; and
(c) The disbursing officer designated in the contract to make payment.
3250.6 A contract may prohibit the assignment of contract payments if the contracting officer determines that the prohibition is in the best interests of the District.
3250.7 Under a requirements or indefinite quantity type contract that authorizes ordering and payment by multiple District agencies, amounts due based on estimated quantities may be assigned.
3250.8 The District may apply against payments to the assignee any liability of the contractor to the District arising independently of the assigned contract if the liability existed at the time notice of the assignment was received even though that liability had not yet matured so as to be due and payable.
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What Is an Assignment of Contract?
Assignment of contract explained.
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Assignment of contract allows one person to assign, or transfer, their rights, obligations, or property to another. An assignment of contract clause is often included in contracts to give either party the opportunity to transfer their part of the contract to someone else in the future. Many assignment clauses require that both parties agree to the assignment.
Learn more about assignment of contract and how it works.
What Is Assignment of Contract?
Assignment of contract means the contract and the property, rights, or obligations within it can be assigned to another party. An assignment of contract clause can typically be found in a business contract. This type of clause is common in contracts with suppliers or vendors and in intellectual property (patent, trademark , and copyright) agreements.
How Does Assignment of Contract Work?
An assignment may be made to anyone, but it is typically made to a subsidiary or a successor. A subsidiary is a business owned by another business, while a successor is the business that follows a sale, acquisition, or merger.
Let’s suppose Ken owns a lawn mowing service and he has a contract with a real estate firm to mow at each of their offices every week in the summer. The contract includes an assignment clause, so when Ken goes out of business, he assigns the contract to his sister-in-law Karrie, who also owns a lawn mowing service.
Before you try to assign something in a contract, check the contract to make sure it's allowed, and notify the other party in the contract.
Assignment usually is included in a specific clause in a contract. It typically includes transfer of both accountability and responsibility to another party, but liability usually remains with the assignor (the person doing the assigning) unless there is language to the contrary.
What Does Assignment of Contract Cover?
Generally, just about anything of value in a contract can be assigned, unless there is a specific law or public policy disallowing the assignment.
Rights and obligations of specific people can’t be assigned because special skills and abilities can’t be transferred. This is called specific performance. For example, Billy Joel wouldn't be able to transfer or assign a contract to perform at Madison Square Garden to someone else—they wouldn't have his special abilities.
Assignments won’t stand up in court if the assignment significantly changes the terms of the contract. For example, if Karrie’s business is tree trimming, not lawn mowing, the contract can’t be assigned to her.
Assigning Intellectual Property
Intellectual property (such as copyrights, patents, and trademarks) has value, and these assets are often assigned. The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) says patents are personal property and that patent rights can be assigned. Trademarks, too, can be assigned. The assignment must be registered with the USPTO's Electronic Trademark Assignment System (ETAS) .
The U.S. Copyright Office doesn't keep a database of copyright assignments, but they will record the document if you follow their procedure.
Alternatives to Assignment of Contract
There are other types of transfers that may be functional alternatives to assignment.
Licensing is an agreement whereby one party leases the rights to use a piece of property (for example, intellectual property) from another. For instance, a business that owns a patent may license another company to make products using that patent.
Delegation permits someone else to act on your behalf. For example, Ken’s lawn service might delegate Karrie to do mowing for him without assigning the entire contract to her. Ken would still receive the payment and control the work.
Do I Need an Assignment of Contract?
Assignment of contract can be a useful clause to include in a business agreement. The most common cases of assignment of contract in a business situation are:
- Assignment of a trademark, copyright, or patent
- Assignments to a successor company in the case of the sale of the business
- Assignment in a contract with a supplier or customer
- Assignment in an employment contract or work for hire agreement
Before you sign a contract, look to see if there is an assignment clause, and get the advice of an attorney if you want to assign something in a contract.
Key Takeaways
- Assignment of contract is the ability to transfer rights, property, or obligations to another.
- Assignment of contract is a clause often found in business contracts.
- A party may assign a contract to another party if the contract permits it and no law forbids it.
Legal Information Institute. " Assignment ." Accessed Jan. 2, 2021.
Legal Information Institute. " Specific Performance ." Accessed Jan. 2, 2021.
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. " 301 Ownership/Assignability of Patents and Applications [R-10.2019] ." Accessed Jan. 2, 2021.
Licensing International. " What is Licensing ." Accessed Jan. 2, 2021.
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