Does Homework Improve Academic Achievement?
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Educators should be thrilled by these numbers. Pleasing a majority of parents regarding homework and having equal numbers of dissenters shouting "too much!" and "too little!" is about as good as they can hope for.
But opinions cannot tell us whether homework works; only research can, which is why my colleagues and I have conducted a combined analysis of dozens of homework studies to examine whether homework is beneficial and what amount of homework is appropriate for our children.
The homework question is best answered by comparing students who are assigned homework with students assigned no homework but who are similar in other ways. The results of such studies suggest that homework can improve students' scores on the class tests that come at the end of a topic. Students assigned homework in 2nd grade did better on math, 3rd and 4th graders did better on English skills and vocabulary, 5th graders on social studies, 9th through 12th graders on American history, and 12th graders on Shakespeare.
Less authoritative are 12 studies that link the amount of homework to achievement, but control for lots of other factors that might influence this connection. These types of studies, often based on national samples of students, also find a positive link between time on homework and achievement.
Yet other studies simply correlate homework and achievement with no attempt to control for student differences. In 35 such studies, about 77 percent find the link between homework and achievement is positive. Most interesting, though, is these results suggest little or no relationship between homework and achievement for elementary school students.
Why might that be? Younger children have less developed study habits and are less able to tune out distractions at home. Studies also suggest that young students who are struggling in school take more time to complete homework assignments simply because these assignments are more difficult for them.
These recommendations are consistent with the conclusions reached by our analysis. Practice assignments do improve scores on class tests at all grade levels. A little amount of homework may help elementary school students build study habits. Homework for junior high students appears to reach the point of diminishing returns after about 90 minutes a night. For high school students, the positive line continues to climb until between 90 minutes and 2½ hours of homework a night, after which returns diminish.
Beyond achievement, proponents of homework argue that it can have many other beneficial effects. They claim it can help students develop good study habits so they are ready to grow as their cognitive capacities mature. It can help students recognize that learning can occur at home as well as at school. Homework can foster independent learning and responsible character traits. And it can give parents an opportunity to see what's going on at school and let them express positive attitudes toward achievement.
Opponents of homework counter that it can also have negative effects. They argue it can lead to boredom with schoolwork, since all activities remain interesting only for so long. Homework can deny students access to leisure activities that also teach important life skills. Parents can get too involved in homework -- pressuring their child and confusing him by using different instructional techniques than the teacher.
My feeling is that homework policies should prescribe amounts of homework consistent with the research evidence, but which also give individual schools and teachers some flexibility to take into account the unique needs and circumstances of their students and families. In general, teachers should avoid either extreme.
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Why homework doesn't seem to boost learning--and how it could.
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Some schools are eliminating homework, citing research showing it doesn’t do much to boost achievement. But maybe teachers just need to assign a different kind of homework.
In 2016, a second-grade teacher in Texas delighted her students—and at least some of their parents—by announcing she would no longer assign homework. “Research has been unable to prove that homework improves student performance,” she explained.
The following year, the superintendent of a Florida school district serving 42,000 students eliminated homework for all elementary students and replaced it with twenty minutes of nightly reading, saying she was basing her decision on “solid research about what works best in improving academic achievement in students.”
Many other elementary schools seem to have quietly adopted similar policies. Critics have objected that even if homework doesn’t increase grades or test scores, it has other benefits, like fostering good study habits and providing parents with a window into what kids are doing in school.
Those arguments have merit, but why doesn’t homework boost academic achievement? The research cited by educators just doesn’t seem to make sense. If a child wants to learn to play the violin, it’s obvious she needs to practice at home between lessons (at least, it’s obvious to an adult). And psychologists have identified a range of strategies that help students learn, many of which seem ideally suited for homework assignments.
For example, there’s something called “ retrieval practice ,” which means trying to recall information you’ve already learned. The optimal time to engage in retrieval practice is not immediately after you’ve acquired information but after you’ve forgotten it a bit—like, perhaps, after school. A homework assignment could require students to answer questions about what was covered in class that day without consulting their notes. Research has found that retrieval practice and similar learning strategies are far more powerful than simply rereading or reviewing material.
One possible explanation for the general lack of a boost from homework is that few teachers know about this research. And most have gotten little training in how and why to assign homework. These are things that schools of education and teacher-prep programs typically don’t teach . So it’s quite possible that much of the homework teachers assign just isn’t particularly effective for many students.
Even if teachers do manage to assign effective homework, it may not show up on the measures of achievement used by researchers—for example, standardized reading test scores. Those tests are designed to measure general reading comprehension skills, not to assess how much students have learned in specific classes. Good homework assignments might have helped a student learn a lot about, say, Ancient Egypt. But if the reading passages on a test cover topics like life in the Arctic or the habits of the dormouse, that student’s test score may well not reflect what she’s learned.
The research relied on by those who oppose homework has actually found it has a modest positive effect at the middle and high school levels—just not in elementary school. But for the most part, the studies haven’t looked at whether it matters what kind of homework is assigned or whether there are different effects for different demographic student groups. Focusing on those distinctions could be illuminating.
A study that looked specifically at math homework , for example, found it boosted achievement more in elementary school than in middle school—just the opposite of the findings on homework in general. And while one study found that parental help with homework generally doesn’t boost students’ achievement—and can even have a negative effect— another concluded that economically disadvantaged students whose parents help with homework improve their performance significantly.
That seems to run counter to another frequent objection to homework, which is that it privileges kids who are already advantaged. Well-educated parents are better able to provide help, the argument goes, and it’s easier for affluent parents to provide a quiet space for kids to work in—along with a computer and internet access . While those things may be true, not assigning homework—or assigning ineffective homework—can end up privileging advantaged students even more.
Students from less educated families are most in need of the boost that effective homework can provide, because they’re less likely to acquire academic knowledge and vocabulary at home. And homework can provide a way for lower-income parents—who often don’t have time to volunteer in class or participate in parents’ organizations—to forge connections to their children’s schools. Rather than giving up on homework because of social inequities, schools could help parents support homework in ways that don’t depend on their own knowledge—for example, by recruiting others to help, as some low-income demographic groups have been able to do . Schools could also provide quiet study areas at the end of the day, and teachers could assign homework that doesn’t rely on technology.
Another argument against homework is that it causes students to feel overburdened and stressed. While that may be true at schools serving affluent populations, students at low-performing ones often don’t get much homework at all—even in high school. One study found that lower-income ninth-graders “consistently described receiving minimal homework—perhaps one or two worksheets or textbook pages, the occasional project, and 30 minutes of reading per night.” And if they didn’t complete assignments, there were few consequences. I discovered this myself when trying to tutor students in writing at a high-poverty high school. After I expressed surprise that none of the kids I was working with had completed a brief writing assignment, a teacher told me, “Oh yeah—I should have told you. Our students don’t really do homework.”
If and when disadvantaged students get to college, their relative lack of study skills and good homework habits can present a serious handicap. After noticing that black and Hispanic students were failing her course in disproportionate numbers, a professor at the University of North Carolina decided to make some changes , including giving homework assignments that required students to quiz themselves without consulting their notes. Performance improved across the board, but especially for students of color and the disadvantaged. The gap between black and white students was cut in half, and the gaps between Hispanic and white students—along with that between first-generation college students and others—closed completely.
There’s no reason this kind of support should wait until students get to college. To be most effective—both in terms of instilling good study habits and building students’ knowledge—homework assignments that boost learning should start in elementary school.
Some argue that young children just need time to chill after a long day at school. But the “ten-minute rule”—recommended by homework researchers—would have first graders doing ten minutes of homework, second graders twenty minutes, and so on. That leaves plenty of time for chilling, and even brief assignments could have a significant impact if they were well-designed.
But a fundamental problem with homework at the elementary level has to do with the curriculum, which—partly because of standardized testing— has narrowed to reading and math. Social studies and science have been marginalized or eliminated, especially in schools where test scores are low. Students spend hours every week practicing supposed reading comprehension skills like “making inferences” or identifying “author’s purpose”—the kinds of skills that the tests try to measure—with little or no attention paid to content.
But as research has established, the most important component in reading comprehension is knowledge of the topic you’re reading about. Classroom time—or homework time—spent on illusory comprehension “skills” would be far better spent building knowledge of the very subjects schools have eliminated. Even if teachers try to take advantage of retrieval practice—say, by asking students to recall what they’ve learned that day about “making comparisons” or “sequence of events”—it won’t have much impact.
If we want to harness the potential power of homework—particularly for disadvantaged students—we’ll need to educate teachers about what kind of assignments actually work. But first, we’ll need to start teaching kids something substantive about the world, beginning as early as possible.
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Homework – Top 3 Pros and Cons
Pro/Con Arguments | Discussion Questions | Take Action | Sources | More Debates
From dioramas to book reports, from algebraic word problems to research projects, whether students should be given homework, as well as the type and amount of homework, has been debated for over a century. [ 1 ]
While we are unsure who invented homework, we do know that the word “homework” dates back to ancient Rome. Pliny the Younger asked his followers to practice their speeches at home. Memorization exercises as homework continued through the Middle Ages and Enlightenment by monks and other scholars. [ 45 ]
In the 19th century, German students of the Volksschulen or “People’s Schools” were given assignments to complete outside of the school day. This concept of homework quickly spread across Europe and was brought to the United States by Horace Mann , who encountered the idea in Prussia. [ 45 ]
In the early 1900s, progressive education theorists, championed by the magazine Ladies’ Home Journal , decried homework’s negative impact on children’s physical and mental health, leading California to ban homework for students under 15 from 1901 until 1917. In the 1930s, homework was portrayed as child labor, which was newly illegal, but the prevailing argument was that kids needed time to do household chores. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 45 ] [ 46 ]
Public opinion swayed again in favor of homework in the 1950s due to concerns about keeping up with the Soviet Union’s technological advances during the Cold War . And, in 1986, the US government included homework as an educational quality boosting tool. [ 3 ] [ 45 ]
A 2014 study found kindergarteners to fifth graders averaged 2.9 hours of homework per week, sixth to eighth graders 3.2 hours per teacher, and ninth to twelfth graders 3.5 hours per teacher. A 2014-2019 study found that teens spent about an hour a day on homework. [ 4 ] [ 44 ]
Beginning in 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic complicated the very idea of homework as students were schooling remotely and many were doing all school work from home. Washington Post journalist Valerie Strauss asked, “Does homework work when kids are learning all day at home?” While students were mostly back in school buildings in fall 2021, the question remains of how effective homework is as an educational tool. [ 47 ]
Is Homework Beneficial?
Pro 1 Homework improves student achievement. Studies have shown that homework improved student achievement in terms of improved grades, test results, and the likelihood to attend college. Research published in the High School Journal indicated that students who spent between 31 and 90 minutes each day on homework “scored about 40 points higher on the SAT-Mathematics subtest than their peers, who reported spending no time on homework each day, on average.” [ 6 ] Students in classes that were assigned homework outperformed 69% of students who didn’t have homework on both standardized tests and grades. A majority of studies on homework’s impact – 64% in one meta-study and 72% in another – showed that take-home assignments were effective at improving academic achievement. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Research by the Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) concluded that increased homework led to better GPAs and higher probability of college attendance for high school boys. In fact, boys who attended college did more than three hours of additional homework per week in high school. [ 10 ] Read More
Pro 2 Homework helps to reinforce classroom learning, while developing good study habits and life skills. Students typically retain only 50% of the information teachers provide in class, and they need to apply that information in order to truly learn it. Abby Freireich and Brian Platzer, co-founders of Teachers Who Tutor NYC, explained, “at-home assignments help students learn the material taught in class. Students require independent practice to internalize new concepts… [And] these assignments can provide valuable data for teachers about how well students understand the curriculum.” [ 11 ] [ 49 ] Elementary school students who were taught “strategies to organize and complete homework,” such as prioritizing homework activities, collecting study materials, note-taking, and following directions, showed increased grades and more positive comments on report cards. [ 17 ] Research by the City University of New York noted that “students who engage in self-regulatory processes while completing homework,” such as goal-setting, time management, and remaining focused, “are generally more motivated and are higher achievers than those who do not use these processes.” [ 18 ] Homework also helps students develop key skills that they’ll use throughout their lives: accountability, autonomy, discipline, time management, self-direction, critical thinking, and independent problem-solving. Freireich and Platzer noted that “homework helps students acquire the skills needed to plan, organize, and complete their work.” [ 12 ] [ 13 ] [ 14 ] [ 15 ] [ 49 ] Read More
Pro 3 Homework allows parents to be involved with children’s learning. Thanks to take-home assignments, parents are able to track what their children are learning at school as well as their academic strengths and weaknesses. [ 12 ] Data from a nationwide sample of elementary school students show that parental involvement in homework can improve class performance, especially among economically disadvantaged African-American and Hispanic students. [ 20 ] Research from Johns Hopkins University found that an interactive homework process known as TIPS (Teachers Involve Parents in Schoolwork) improves student achievement: “Students in the TIPS group earned significantly higher report card grades after 18 weeks (1 TIPS assignment per week) than did non-TIPS students.” [ 21 ] Homework can also help clue parents in to the existence of any learning disabilities their children may have, allowing them to get help and adjust learning strategies as needed. Duke University Professor Harris Cooper noted, “Two parents once told me they refused to believe their child had a learning disability until homework revealed it to them.” [ 12 ] Read More
Con 1 Too much homework can be harmful. A poll of California high school students found that 59% thought they had too much homework. 82% of respondents said that they were “often or always stressed by schoolwork.” High-achieving high school students said too much homework leads to sleep deprivation and other health problems such as headaches, exhaustion, weight loss, and stomach problems. [ 24 ] [ 28 ] [ 29 ] Alfie Kohn, an education and parenting expert, said, “Kids should have a chance to just be kids… it’s absurd to insist that children must be engaged in constructive activities right up until their heads hit the pillow.” [ 27 ] Emmy Kang, a mental health counselor, explained, “More than half of students say that homework is their primary source of stress, and we know what stress can do on our bodies.” [ 48 ] Excessive homework can also lead to cheating: 90% of middle school students and 67% of high school students admit to copying someone else’s homework, and 43% of college students engaged in “unauthorized collaboration” on out-of-class assignments. Even parents take shortcuts on homework: 43% of those surveyed admitted to having completed a child’s assignment for them. [ 30 ] [ 31 ] [ 32 ] Read More
Con 2 Homework exacerbates the digital divide or homework gap. Kiara Taylor, financial expert, defined the digital divide as “the gap between demographics and regions that have access to modern information and communications technology and those that don’t. Though the term now encompasses the technical and financial ability to utilize available technology—along with access (or a lack of access) to the Internet—the gap it refers to is constantly shifting with the development of technology.” For students, this is often called the homework gap. [ 50 ] [ 51 ] 30% (about 15 to 16 million) public school students either did not have an adequate internet connection or an appropriate device, or both, for distance learning. Completing homework for these students is more complicated (having to find a safe place with an internet connection, or borrowing a laptop, for example) or impossible. [ 51 ] A Hispanic Heritage Foundation study found that 96.5% of students across the country needed to use the internet for homework, and nearly half reported they were sometimes unable to complete their homework due to lack of access to the internet or a computer, which often resulted in lower grades. [ 37 ] [ 38 ] One study concluded that homework increases social inequality because it “potentially serves as a mechanism to further advantage those students who already experience some privilege in the school system while further disadvantaging those who may already be in a marginalized position.” [ 39 ] Read More
Con 3 Homework does not help younger students, and may not help high school students. We’ve known for a while that homework does not help elementary students. A 2006 study found that “homework had no association with achievement gains” when measured by standardized tests results or grades. [ 7 ] Fourth grade students who did no homework got roughly the same score on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) math exam as those who did 30 minutes of homework a night. Students who did 45 minutes or more of homework a night actually did worse. [ 41 ] Temple University professor Kathryn Hirsh-Pasek said that homework is not the most effective tool for young learners to apply new information: “They’re learning way more important skills when they’re not doing their homework.” [ 42 ] In fact, homework may not be helpful at the high school level either. Alfie Kohn, author of The Homework Myth, stated, “I interviewed high school teachers who completely stopped giving homework and there was no downside, it was all upside.” He explains, “just because the same kids who get more homework do a little better on tests, doesn’t mean the homework made that happen.” [ 52 ] Read More
Discussion Questions
1. Is homework beneficial? Consider the study data, your personal experience, and other types of information. Explain your answer(s).
2. If homework were banned, what other educational strategies would help students learn classroom material? Explain your answer(s).
3. How has homework been helpful to you personally? How has homework been unhelpful to you personally? Make carefully considered lists for both sides.
Take Action
1. Examine an argument in favor of quality homework assignments from Janine Bempechat.
2. Explore Oxford Learning’s infographic on the effects of homework on students.
3. Consider Joseph Lathan’s argument that homework promotes inequality .
4. Consider how you felt about the issue before reading this article. After reading the pros and cons on this topic, has your thinking changed? If so, how? List two to three ways. If your thoughts have not changed, list two to three ways your better understanding of the “other side of the issue” now helps you better argue your position.
5. Push for the position and policies you support by writing US national senators and representatives .
More School Debate Topics
Should K-12 Students Dissect Animals in Science Classrooms? – Proponents say dissecting real animals is a better learning experience. Opponents say the practice is bad for the environment.
Should Students Have to Wear School Uniforms? – Proponents say uniforms may increase student safety. Opponents say uniforms restrict expression.
Should Corporal Punishment Be Used in K-12 Schools? – Proponents say corporal punishment is an appropriate discipline. Opponents say it inflicts long-lasting physical and mental harm on students.
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Study: Homework Doesn’t Mean Better Grades, But Maybe Better Standardized Test Scores
Robert H. Tai, associate professor of science education at UVA's Curry School of Education
The time students spend on math and science homework doesn’t necessarily mean better grades, but it could lead to better performance on standardized tests, a new study finds.
“When Is Homework Worth The Time?” was recently published by lead investigator Adam Maltese, assistant professor of science education at Indiana University, and co-authors Robert H. Tai, associate professor of science education at the University of Virginia’s Curry School of Education , and Xitao Fan, dean of education at the University of Macau. Maltese is a Curry alumnus, and Fan is a former Curry faculty member.
The authors examined survey and transcript data of more than 18,000 10th-grade students to uncover explanations for academic performance. The data focused on individual classes, examining student outcomes through the transcripts from two nationwide samples collected in 1990 and 2002 by the National Center for Education Statistics.
Contrary to much published research, a regression analysis of time spent on homework and the final class grade found no substantive difference in grades between students who complete homework and those who do not. But the analysis found a positive association between student performance on standardized tests and the time they spent on homework.
“Our results hint that maybe homework is not being used as well as it could be,” Maltese said.
Tai said that homework assignments cannot replace good teaching.
“I believe that this finding is the end result of a chain of unfortunate educational decisions, beginning with the content coverage requirements that push too much information into too little time to learn it in the classroom,” Tai said. “The overflow typically results in more homework assignments. However, students spending more time on something that is not easy to understand or needs to be explained by a teacher does not help these students learn and, in fact, may confuse them.
“The results from this study imply that homework should be purposeful,” he added, “and that the purpose must be understood by both the teacher and the students.”
The authors suggest that factors such as class participation and attendance may mitigate the association of homework to stronger grade performance. They also indicate the types of homework assignments typically given may work better toward standardized test preparation than for retaining knowledge of class material.
Maltese said the genesis for the study was a concern about whether a traditional and ubiquitous educational practice, such as homework, is associated with students achieving at a higher level in math and science. Many media reports about education compare U.S. students unfavorably to high-achieving math and science students from across the world. The 2007 documentary film “Two Million Minutes” compared two Indiana students to students in India and China, taking particular note of how much more time the Indian and Chinese students spent on studying or completing homework.
“We’re not trying to say that all homework is bad,” Maltese said. “It’s expected that students are going to do homework. This is more of an argument that it should be quality over quantity. So in math, rather than doing the same types of problems over and over again, maybe it should involve having students analyze new types of problems or data. In science, maybe the students should write concept summaries instead of just reading a chapter and answering the questions at the end.”
This issue is particularly relevant given that the time spent on homework reported by most students translates into the equivalent of 100 to 180 50-minute class periods of extra learning time each year.
The authors conclude that given current policy initiatives to improve science, technology, engineering and math, or STEM, education, more evaluation is needed about how to use homework time more effectively. They suggest more research be done on the form and function of homework assignments.
“In today’s current educational environment, with all the activities taking up children’s time both in school and out of school, the purpose of each homework assignment must be clear and targeted,” Tai said. “With homework, more is not better.”
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Is Homework Necessary? Education Inequity and Its Impact on Students
Schools are getting rid of homework from Essex, Mass., to Los Angeles, Calif. Although the no-homework trend may sound alarming, especially to parents dreaming of their child’s acceptance to Harvard, Stanford or Yale, there is mounting evidence that eliminating homework in grade school may actually have great benefits , especially with regard to educational equity.
In fact, while the push to eliminate homework may come as a surprise to many adults, the debate is not new . Parents and educators have been talking about this subject for the last century, so that the educational pendulum continues to swing back and forth between the need for homework and the need to eliminate homework.
The Problem with Homework: It Highlights Inequalities
How much homework is too much homework, when does homework actually help, negative effects of homework for students, how teachers can help.
One of the most pressing talking points around homework is how it disproportionately affects students from less affluent families. The American Psychological Association (APA) explained:
“Kids from wealthier homes are more likely to have resources such as computers, internet connections, dedicated areas to do schoolwork and parents who tend to be more educated and more available to help them with tricky assignments. Kids from disadvantaged homes are more likely to work at afterschool jobs, or to be home without supervision in the evenings while their parents work multiple jobs.”
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While students growing up in more affluent areas are likely playing sports, participating in other recreational activities after school, or receiving additional tutoring, children in disadvantaged areas are more likely headed to work after school, taking care of siblings while their parents work or dealing with an unstable home life. Adding homework into the mix is one more thing to deal with — and if the student is struggling, the task of completing homework can be too much to consider at the end of an already long school day.
While all students may groan at the mention of homework, it may be more than just a nuisance for poor and disadvantaged children, instead becoming another burden to carry and contend with.
Beyond the logistical issues, homework can negatively impact physical health and stress — and once again this may be a more significant problem among economically disadvantaged youth who typically already have a higher stress level than peers from more financially stable families .
Yet, today, it is not just the disadvantaged who suffer from the stressors that homework inflicts. A 2014 CNN article, “Is Homework Making Your Child Sick?” , covered the issue of extreme pressure placed on children of the affluent. The article looked at the results of a study surveying more than 4,300 students from 10 high-performing public and private high schools in upper-middle-class California communities.
“Their findings were troubling: Research showed that excessive homework is associated with high stress levels, physical health problems and lack of balance in children’s lives; 56% of the students in the study cited homework as a primary stressor in their lives,” according to the CNN story. “That children growing up in poverty are at-risk for a number of ailments is both intuitive and well-supported by research. More difficult to believe is the growing consensus that children on the other end of the spectrum, children raised in affluence, may also be at risk.”
When it comes to health and stress it is clear that excessive homework, for children at both ends of the spectrum, can be damaging. Which begs the question, how much homework is too much?
The National Education Association and the National Parent Teacher Association recommend that students spend 10 minutes per grade level per night on homework . That means that first graders should spend 10 minutes on homework, second graders 20 minutes and so on. But a study published by The American Journal of Family Therapy found that students are getting much more than that.
While 10 minutes per day doesn’t sound like much, that quickly adds up to an hour per night by sixth grade. The National Center for Education Statistics found that high school students get an average of 6.8 hours of homework per week, a figure that is much too high according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). It is also to be noted that this figure does not take into consideration the needs of underprivileged student populations.
In a study conducted by the OECD it was found that “after around four hours of homework per week, the additional time invested in homework has a negligible impact on performance .” That means that by asking our children to put in an hour or more per day of dedicated homework time, we are not only not helping them, but — according to the aforementioned studies — we are hurting them, both physically and emotionally.
What’s more is that homework is, as the name implies, to be completed at home, after a full day of learning that is typically six to seven hours long with breaks and lunch included. However, a study by the APA on how people develop expertise found that elite musicians, scientists and athletes do their most productive work for about only four hours per day. Similarly, companies like Tower Paddle Boards are experimenting with a five-hour workday, under the assumption that people are not able to be truly productive for much longer than that. CEO Stephan Aarstol told CNBC that he believes most Americans only get about two to three hours of work done in an eight-hour day.
In the scope of world history, homework is a fairly new construct in the U.S. Students of all ages have been receiving work to complete at home for centuries, but it was educational reformer Horace Mann who first brought the concept to America from Prussia.
Since then, homework’s popularity has ebbed and flowed in the court of public opinion. In the 1930s, it was considered child labor (as, ironically, it compromised children’s ability to do chores at home). Then, in the 1950s, implementing mandatory homework was hailed as a way to ensure America’s youth were always one step ahead of Soviet children during the Cold War. Homework was formally mandated as a tool for boosting educational quality in 1986 by the U.S. Department of Education, and has remained in common practice ever since.
School work assigned and completed outside of school hours is not without its benefits. Numerous studies have shown that regular homework has a hand in improving student performance and connecting students to their learning. When reviewing these studies, take them with a grain of salt; there are strong arguments for both sides, and only you will know which solution is best for your students or school.
Homework improves student achievement.
- Source: The High School Journal, “ When is Homework Worth the Time?: Evaluating the Association between Homework and Achievement in High School Science and Math ,” 2012.
- Source: IZA.org, “ Does High School Homework Increase Academic Achievement? ,” 2014. **Note: Study sample comprised only high school boys.
Homework helps reinforce classroom learning.
- Source: “ Debunk This: People Remember 10 Percent of What They Read ,” 2015.
Homework helps students develop good study habits and life skills.
- Sources: The Repository @ St. Cloud State, “ Types of Homework and Their Effect on Student Achievement ,” 2017; Journal of Advanced Academics, “ Developing Self-Regulation Skills: The Important Role of Homework ,” 2011.
- Source: Journal of Advanced Academics, “ Developing Self-Regulation Skills: The Important Role of Homework ,” 2011.
Homework allows parents to be involved with their children’s learning.
- Parents can see what their children are learning and working on in school every day.
- Parents can participate in their children’s learning by guiding them through homework assignments and reinforcing positive study and research habits.
- Homework observation and participation can help parents understand their children’s academic strengths and weaknesses, and even identify possible learning difficulties.
- Source: Phys.org, “ Sociologist Upends Notions about Parental Help with Homework ,” 2018.
While some amount of homework may help students connect to their learning and enhance their in-class performance, too much homework can have damaging effects.
Students with too much homework have elevated stress levels.
- Source: USA Today, “ Is It Time to Get Rid of Homework? Mental Health Experts Weigh In ,” 2021.
- Source: Stanford University, “ Stanford Research Shows Pitfalls of Homework ,” 2014.
Students with too much homework may be tempted to cheat.
- Source: The Chronicle of Higher Education, “ High-Tech Cheating Abounds, and Professors Bear Some Blame ,” 2010.
- Source: The American Journal of Family Therapy, “ Homework and Family Stress: With Consideration of Parents’ Self Confidence, Educational Level, and Cultural Background ,” 2015.
Homework highlights digital inequity.
- Sources: NEAToday.org, “ The Homework Gap: The ‘Cruelest Part of the Digital Divide’ ,” 2016; CNET.com, “ The Digital Divide Has Left Millions of School Kids Behind ,” 2021.
- Source: Investopedia, “ Digital Divide ,” 2022; International Journal of Education and Social Science, “ Getting the Homework Done: Social Class and Parents’ Relationship to Homework ,” 2015.
- Source: World Economic Forum, “ COVID-19 exposed the digital divide. Here’s how we can close it ,” 2021.
Homework does not help younger students.
- Source: Review of Educational Research, “ Does Homework Improve Academic Achievement? A Synthesis of Researcher, 1987-2003 ,” 2006.
To help students find the right balance and succeed, teachers and educators must start the homework conversation, both internally at their school and with parents. But in order to successfully advocate on behalf of students, teachers must be well educated on the subject, fully understanding the research and the outcomes that can be achieved by eliminating or reducing the homework burden. There is a plethora of research and writing on the subject for those interested in self-study.
For teachers looking for a more in-depth approach or for educators with a keen interest in educational equity, formal education may be the best route. If this latter option sounds appealing, there are now many reputable schools offering online master of education degree programs to help educators balance the demands of work and family life while furthering their education in the quest to help others.
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The Pros and Cons of Homework
Homework is a word that most students dread hearing. After hours upon hours of sitting in class , the last thing we want is more schoolwork over our precious weekends. While it’s known to be a staple of traditional schooling, homework has also become a rather divise topic. Some feel as though homework is a necessary part of school, while others believe that the time could be better invested. Should students have homework? Have a closer look into the arguments on both sides to decide for yourself.
Photo by energepic.com from Pexels
Why should students have homework, 1. homework encourages practice.
Many people believe that one of the positive effects of homework is that it encourages the discipline of practice. While it may be time consuming and boring compared to other activities, repetition is needed to get better at skills. Homework helps make concepts more clear, and gives students more opportunities when starting their career .
2. Homework Gets Parents Involved
Homework can be something that gets parents involved in their children’s lives if the environment is a healthy one. A parent helping their child with homework makes them take part in their academic success, and allows for the parent to keep up with what the child is doing in school. It can also be a chance to connect together.
3. Homework Teaches Time Management
Homework is much more than just completing the assigned tasks. Homework can develop time management skills , forcing students to plan their time and make sure that all of their homework assignments are done on time. By learning to manage their time, students also practice their problem-solving skills and independent thinking. One of the positive effects of homework is that it forces decision making and compromises to be made.
4. Homework Opens A Bridge Of Communication
Homework creates a connection between the student, the teacher, the school, and the parents. It allows everyone to get to know each other better, and parents can see where their children are struggling. In the same sense, parents can also see where their children are excelling. Homework in turn can allow for a better, more targeted educational plan for the student.
5. Homework Allows For More Learning Time
Homework allows for more time to complete the learning process. School hours are not always enough time for students to really understand core concepts, and homework can counter the effects of time shortages, benefiting students in the long run, even if they can’t see it in the moment.
6. Homework Reduces Screen Time
Many students in North America spend far too many hours watching TV. If they weren’t in school, these numbers would likely increase even more. Although homework is usually undesired, it encourages better study habits and discourages spending time in front of the TV. Homework can be seen as another extracurricular activity, and many families already invest a lot of time and money in different clubs and lessons to fill up their children’s extra time. Just like extracurricular activities, homework can be fit into one’s schedule.
The Other Side: Why Homework Is Bad
1. homework encourages a sedentary lifestyle.
Should students have homework? Well, that depends on where you stand. There are arguments both for the advantages and the disadvantages of homework.
While classroom time is important, playground time is just as important. If children are given too much homework, they won’t have enough playtime, which can impact their social development and learning. Studies have found that those who get more play get better grades in school , as it can help them pay closer attention in the classroom.
Children are already sitting long hours in the classroom, and homework assignments only add to these hours. Sedentary lifestyles can be dangerous and can cause health problems such as obesity. Homework takes away from time that could be spent investing in physical activity.
2. Homework Isn’t Healthy In Every Home
While many people that think homes are a beneficial environment for children to learn, not all homes provide a healthy environment, and there may be very little investment from parents. Some parents do not provide any kind of support or homework help, and even if they would like to, due to personal barriers, they sometimes cannot. Homework can create friction between children and their parents, which is one of the reasons why homework is bad .
3. Homework Adds To An Already Full-Time Job
School is already a full-time job for students, as they generally spend over 6 hours each day in class. Students also often have extracurricular activities such as sports, music, or art that are just as important as their traditional courses. Adding on extra hours to all of these demands is a lot for children to manage, and prevents students from having extra time to themselves for a variety of creative endeavors. Homework prevents self discovery and having the time to learn new skills outside of the school system. This is one of the main disadvantages of homework.
4. Homework Has Not Been Proven To Provide Results
Endless surveys have found that homework creates a negative attitude towards school, and homework has not been found to be linked to a higher level of academic success.
The positive effects of homework have not been backed up enough. While homework may help some students improve in specific subjects, if they have outside help there is no real proof that homework makes for improvements.
It can be a challenge to really enforce the completion of homework, and students can still get decent grades without doing their homework. Extra school time does not necessarily mean better grades — quality must always come before quantity.
Accurate practice when it comes to homework simply isn’t reliable. Homework could even cause opposite effects if misunderstood, especially since the reliance is placed on the student and their parents — one of the major reasons as to why homework is bad. Many students would rather cheat in class to avoid doing their homework at home, and children often just copy off of each other or from what they read on the internet.
5. Homework Assignments Are Overdone
The general agreement is that students should not be given more than 10 minutes a day per grade level. What this means is that a first grader should be given a maximum of 10 minutes of homework, while a second grader receives 20 minutes, etc. Many students are given a lot more homework than the recommended amount, however.
On average, college students spend as much as 3 hours per night on homework . By giving too much homework, it can increase stress levels and lead to burn out. This in turn provides an opposite effect when it comes to academic success.
The pros and cons of homework are both valid, and it seems as though the question of ‘‘should students have homework?’ is not a simple, straightforward one. Parents and teachers often are found to be clashing heads, while the student is left in the middle without much say.
It’s important to understand all the advantages and disadvantages of homework, taking both perspectives into conversation to find a common ground. At the end of the day, everyone’s goal is the success of the student.
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Does Homework Improve Academic Achievement?: If So, How Much Is Best?
The beginning of a new school year brings with it a reawakening of an old debate regarding the value of homework. Parents who feel their children are overburdened with homework are pitted against educators pressed to improve achievement test scores. According to two recent polls, however, the majority of parents remain satisfied with educators’ homework practices.
A poll conducted for the Associated Press in January 2006 found that about 57% of parents felt their child was assigned about the right amount of homework. Another 23% thought it was too little, and 19% thought it was too much. A survey conducted by MetLife in 2007 found that 87% of parents saw that helping their child with homework was an opportunity for them to talk and spend time together. More than three fourths (78%) did not think homework interfered with family time, and nearly as many (71%) thought that it was not a source of major stress.
Educators should be thrilled with these numbers. Pleasing a majority of parents regarding homework is about as good as they can hope for, even with a fair number of dissenters.
What the Research Says
But opinions cannot tell us whether homework works; only research can. My colleagues and I analyzed dozens of homework studies conducted between 1987 and 2003 to examine whether homework is beneficial and what amount of homework is appropriate for our children (Cooper, Robinson, & Patall, 2006).
The homework question is best answered by comparing students assigned homework with students assigned no homework who are similar in other ways. The results of such studies suggest that homework can improve students’ scores on the class tests that come at the end of a topic. Students assigned homework in second grade did better on the math tests; third and fourth graders did better on English skills and vocabulary tests; fifth graders on social studies tests; ninth through 12th graders on American history tests; and 12th graders on Shakespeare tests. Across five studies, the average student who did homework had a higher unit test score than the students not doing homework.
However, 35 less rigorous (correlational) studies suggest little or no relationship between homework and achievement for elementary school students. The average correlation between time spent on homework and achievement was substantial for secondary school students, but for elementary school students, it hovered around no relationship at all.
Why might that be? Younger children have less developed study habits and are less able to tune out distractions at home. Studies also suggest that young students who are struggling in school take more time to complete homework assignments simply because these assignments are more difficult for them.
How Much Homework?
So, how much homework should students do? The National Parent Teacher Association and the National Education Association have a parents’ guide called Helping Your Child Get the Most Out of Homework. It states, “Most educators agree that for children in grades K–2, homework is more effective when it does not exceed 10–20 minutes each day; older children, in grades 3–6, can handle 30–60 minutes a day; in junior and senior high, the amount of homework will vary by subject.”
Many school district policies state that high school students should expect about 30 minutes of homework for each academic course they take (a bit more for honors or advanced placement courses).
These recommendations are consistent with the conclusions reached by our analysis. Practice assignments do improve scores on class tests at all grade levels. A little amount of homework may help elementary school students build study habits. Homework for junior high students appears to reach the point of diminishing returns after about 90 minutes a night. For high school students, the positive line continues to climb until between 90 minutes and 2.5 hours of homework a night, after which returns diminish (Cooper, 1989; Cooper, Robinson, & Patall, 2006).
Keeping It Balanced
Beyond achievement, proponents of homework argue that it can have many other beneficial effects. They claim it can help students develop good study habits so they are ready to grow as their cognitive capacities mature. It can help students recognize that learning can occur at home as well as at school. It can foster independent learning and responsible character traits. And it can give parents an opportunity to see what’s going on at school and let them express positive attitudes toward achievement.
Opponents of homework counter that it can also have negative effects. They argue it can lead to boredom with schoolwork because all activities remain interesting only for so long. It can deny students access to leisure activities that also teach important life skills. Parents can get too involved in homework—pressuring their child and confusing him or her by using different instructional techniques than the teacher.
My feeling is that homework policies should prescribe amounts of homework consistent with the research evidence, but they should also give individual schools and teachers some flexibility to take into account the unique needs and circumstances of their students and families. In general, teachers should avoid either extreme.
- Cooper, H. (1989). Homework. White Plains, NY: Longman.
- Cooper, H., Robinson, J. C., & Patall, E. A. (2006). Does homework improve academic achievement? A synthesis of research, 1987–2003. Review of Educational Research, 76 (1), 1–62.
- MetLife, Inc. (2007). MetLife survey of the American teacher: The homework experience. NY: Author. Retrieved May 14, 2008, from http://www.metlife.com/Applications/Corporate/WPS/CDA/PageGenerator/0,4773,P288,00.html
- National Education Association & National Parent Teacher Association. (n.d.). Help your student get the most out of homework. Retrieved May 16, 2008, from http://www.nea.org/parents/homework.html
Harris Cooper is a professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke University, where he also directs the Program in Education, and author of The Battle Over Homework: Common Ground for Administrators, Teachers, and Parents (Corwin Press). He is also a member of the National Partnership for Quality Afterschool Learning’s steering committee.
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- Teacher, Mira Mis Plantas!
- Does Homework Improve Academic Achievement?
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- SEDL Resources
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Does Homework Promote Academic Achievement?
We all hate homework. It’s tedious, frustrating, time-consuming, and downright horrible. Sometimes we get points for doing homework and doing well which is always a good reason for getting it done, but could success on homework be the reason for fantastic final grades?
Let’s establish the basics of what we are trying to find here. The x-variable is doing your homework while the y-variable is earning excellent grades. Confounding, z-variables , could include personality traits, lack of procrastination habits, natural ability to succeed in school, etc. Our null hypothesis is that doing your homework does not improve your final grade . Our alternative hypothesis is that doing your homework does improve your final grade and promotes academic achievement.
Harris Cooper , a professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke University, and his colleagues compiled an analysis of dozens of studies done on homework in order to come to a conclusion on whether homework is effective. If it is effective, how much homework is too much, and what is the appropriate amount to give out to students?
Many of the studies done on this question examine students who are assigned homework with students who are not assigned homework but are still similar in other ways. Interestingly, many of the results found that homework can improve test scores at the end of a topic. “Students assigned homework in 2nd grade did better on math, 3rd and 4th graders did better on English skills and vocabulary, 5th graders on social studies, 9th through 12th graders on American history, and 12th graders on Shakespeare.” ( Cooper )
Some studies do not attempt to control for student differences. 35 studies suggest that 77% find the correlation between homework and and academic achievement to be positive; however, they fail to make this correlation among elementary students. One possible solution to control for student differences would be to randomly distribute the students based on similarities so that on average, both the homework group and the non-homework group are about the same in terms of similarities, i.e. learning disabilities, gender, and prior achievement in school. Additionally, Cooper says an explanation for why there is not a correlation among elementary students could be because they do not have well developed study habits and because they get distracted easily.
In short, Cooper suggests that through his analysis, homework is in fact beneficial to students . Not only can it have positive effects on overall grades, but it can also have other benefits such as developing responsible character traits, maturing cognitive capacities, fostering independent learning habits, and growing of good study habits. Cooper, along with most educators, says homework should not exceed 10-20 minutes for children K-2, 30-60 minutes a day for grades 3-6, and varying times depending on the subjects for middle school and high school students.
Some feel that homework can have many negative effects such as developing a disinterest in school among students, homework denies children of leisure time and takes them away from extra-curricular activities which also teach important life skills. It is important to allow teachers and administrators to have flexibility to account for the differences in some students and their families; however, sticking to the prescribed regiment is most effective for most students.
Rival ACC school, the University of Virginia, has a much different take on homework than Cooper. Co-authors Adam Maltese, assistant professor of science education at Indiana University, Robert H. Tai, associate professor of science education at the University of Virginia’s Curry School of Education, and Xitao Fan, dean of education at the University of Macau, conducted their own studies and published “ When Is Homework Worth the Time ?”
Because the paper is twenty-two pages long, I will summarize the findings. If you would like to, the full report can be read here . 18,000, tenth grade students’s survey and transcript data were observed in the study collected from 1990 to 2002 by the National Center for Education Statistics . Unlike many studies done on homework and final grades, Maltese, Tai, and Fan found that time spent on homework did not effect the final course grade among those who did and did not do their homework. Conversely, they did find a correlation between time spent on homework and success on standardized test scores. Maltese says, “Our results hint that maybe homework is not being used as well as it could be.” In order to be more effective with homework, teachers should assign homework which is useful, sort of a quality over quantity type of thing. Rather than give a designated amount of homework, give assignments which will keep the students engaged for a short period of time and allow for a greater chance of retaining that information. In effect, this will also allow for appropriate amounts of time to be allocated towards extracurricular activities which teach young people other valuable lessons while also learning from engaging homework.
All of this raises the question: what is the most effective type of homework assignment? I certainly feel as though this question can best be answered based on each individual person. Because some people are inherently auditory, visual, or hands-on learners, one standard type of homework cannot be called the best . I believe in order to really get the best result from everyone, each person would require their own homework regiment. Seeing as though some schools have entire graduating classes of well-over 2,000 students , creating an individualized homework regiment for each student is simply impossible. So what basic principles should teachers and administrators use to create effect homework?
The Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development ( ASCD ) attempted to tackle this tricky question with their “ Five Hallmarks of Good Homework .” The first principle is purpose . Students must be given a clear end goal to their assignment such as giving simple division problems in order to understand the concept of division or writing sentences using certain vocabulary words so that students can understand the context of those specific vocabulary words. In addition, ASCD says practice is most effective when given in small doses over long periods of time, concurrent with Maltese, Tai, and Fan. The second principle is efficiency . ASCD says projects which involve cutting, gluing, and constructing are often extremely inefficient even though the teacher has great intentions when they assign them because they are fun and creative. Instead, rather than making a poster, students should be tasked to put themselves in the perspective of their project. For example, ASCD suggests if students are tasked with a history assignment, they should be asked to create a diary entry as if they were the person who experienced what they are trying to learn (writing about what it was like to immigrate from another country, writing about what World War 2 was like, etc.). The third principle is ownership . One of the easiest ways to promote ownership is by giving flexibility. Instead of prescribing a common book for the class to read, teachers could allow students to find their own sources such as magazines and academic journals which are still relevant to the topic. This keeps the students engaged and interested in what they are learning. “Instead of worrying about whether students did the reading, we should be focusing on whether the reading did them any good” ( ASCD ). The fourth principle is competence . Because, each student is different, they should be allowed to work together if they choose to and receive help on assignments. Students often get discouraged when forced to work alone and are more likely not to complete a task. The fifth, and final, principle is aesthetic appeal . First impressions are extremely important to students. As soon as they see the requirements and details of an assignment, they make a snap decision about whether they are going to do it or not and, if they are going to do it, how well they are going to do it. Students are more inclined to complete an assignment which are visually uncluttered with few information on the page. Lots of room to write answers and the use of graphics and clip art on the page are also quite appealing to students. Visuals are just as important to the student as knowing they have little work to do.
Take home message: homework is beneficial to the student in more ways than just improving final grades but only when allocated effectively . In my opinion, and I think most would agree, there need to be more studies done on the effectiveness of homework. Preferably, some kind of experimental study would be conducted to almost definitively prove that effective homework benefits the student in multiple ways. Of course, a double-blind placebo would be out of the question because the student would know if they are doing their homework or not. Maybe a single-blind study could be effective where the students are randomly placed into two groups, homework and no homework. The teacher would not know who is and who is not doing their homework, but would still assign regular assignments to the class. The students either do or do not complete their homework, and at the end of the semester or grading period, examine the results of how many students received good or bad marks on their final reports. Of course, this study would flawed in that if a student gets placed into the group who does not do their homework but normally would have done their homework and their grade suffers from not doing it, that is infringing on the student’s ability and right to learn, and compromises their own responsibility for their grades; however, at this point, this is the closest I could get to an appropriate experimental study. Any other suggestions would be greatly appreciated in the comments.
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1 thought on “ Does Homework Promote Academic Achievement? ”
Very interesting post. In high school, I was adamantly anti-homework, generally equating homework with meaningless busywork, but your post got me thinking, and I came up with an idea for a study that sort of expands on your idea. Here’s what I’ve got: a class made specially for the study is split into two groups via random assignment, and one group is assigned homework while the other is told not to do the homework. The study will include a random sample of students of the same grade level or year, and everyone will come to class as required and will be encouraged to be active in the classroom and really pay attention to what is being taught (the teacher will find a way to get around to this somehow). Besides the homework, the only real assignments given are in-class quizzes and a final at the end of the semester, which is when the grades of those who did and didn’t do the homework will be compared. The homework, of course, will be GOOD homework, as determined by the five hallmarks you went over in your post. Also, this class will institute a NO-STUDY policy. That’s important. It will be physically impossible to study for the tests anyway, because there is nothing that students can read or study from at home — no handouts, nothing. (The entire curriculum may as well be completely fabricated.) This study is far from a perfect setup and I’m sure it contains some major flaws in reasoning, the most obvious of which is the question of the students’ drive and motivation to actually try on the homework in the first place (since this won’t be a class that they’re technically graded on, so it may not be a true measure of their aptitude and ability… but that’s still better than the alternative). Anyhow, I could see it turning up some interesting results. Given that the homework demonstrates the strongest possible examples of the five hallmarks of good homework, and the students assigned homework put forth their best effort on the homework assignments, I think that the homework-assigned group could receive better overall grades than the no-homework group.
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How Homework Helps You Improve Academic Achievement?
For most students, homework is a compulsion often described as a ‘burden’. The word is enough to put students in a state of repulsion.
However, what many students fail to realize is the fact that doing homework regularly has a direct impact on academic performance. If you show consistency in your practice by completing the homework on time, it will make a huge difference in your academic accomplishments.
And once you know the many benefits homework has to offer, you will feel more motivated to invest the right amount of time and dedication in doing homework regularly.
So, to help you know the importance of homework and its role in improving your academic achievements, we’ve here highlighted the major benefits you get from homework. Let’s have a look:
1. Deeper Understanding of Concepts: Your conceptual knowledge increases significantly when you are assigned tasks related to it. When solving the questions, you self-analyse your learning and understanding of the concept. You even gather the information further required to solve the problem and get to expand your learning. Thus, homework allows you to strengthen your understanding of the concept in a self-guided manner.
2. Improved Time Management: Another great benefit you get from completing homework regularly is better time management. With homework, you know how much time you need to invest in doing one task. This further allows you to budget time efficiently and lets you follow the schedule perfectly. As you progress in this learning process, you will find how well you plan your schedules and make proper use of time.
3. Developed Problem-Solving Skills: For effective learning, you need to have good problem-solving skills. And this is something homework helps you with greatly. The tasks give you time to analyse your learning of the concept and devise the right strategy for solving questions related to it. The more tasks you complete, the better you get with problem-solving.
4. Self-Analysis: You will be able to achieve desired scores in the exam only when your conceptual knowledge is sound. And with homework, you get to test your knowledge beforehand. Homework allows you to self-analyse your understanding of the concepts and topics thus letting you assess your knowledge and further make the required changes to achieve the desired results.
5. Get to Stay More Planned & Organized : Homework also helps you plan and organize your learning process. You can assess the task in advance, break it down into smaller parts, and schedule the needed amount of time for each part. This helps you in planning and organizing your time for maximum productivity. In the absence of planning, you either take a longer time to complete a task or get into the habit of procrastinating. But with proper planning, you continue on your learning journey with dedication and commitment.
6. Revision & Thorough Practice : Doing homework related to one topic is a great way of challenging your knowledge and recalling the things you learned from your teacher. This way, you get to revise what you study consistently. Homework helps you with thorough practice regularly which proves helpful during your exam time.
If done the right way, homework can be turned into a fun exercise for enhanced learning. It can be used as a great tool to strengthen your preparation for your target exam to increase your chances of scoring good marks.
So, next time your teachers assign you homework, don’t forget to thank them.
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Does homework help to improve academic achievement?
The start of each school day rekindles the debate on the benefits of homework to students. Some parents consider it as a tool for helping their children to improve their academic performance as well as nurturing important skills like time-management. Others consider homework a waste of time and a source of boredom. They also say that homework prevents their kids from participating in other exciting and useful activities such as playing. Notwithstanding the varying opinions out there, the benefits of homework outweigh the detriments.
There are some qualities of a student that goes hand in hand with academic achievement. Some of them are proper time managers, have the ability to set priorities, problem-solving skills, ability to work independently and much more. All these skills are essential for academic achievement. Students who want to save time for other tasks and others who do not have enough time for the assignment often use custom writing services such as domyhomeworkfor.me .They get help in completing the task, and at the same time gain enough knowledge of the topic. Whether they use the services or do the work on their own, it is crucial for the parents to encourage the students to complete the assignment, and help them build a positive attitude towards homework as it is essential in their education This article sheds some light on the connection between homework and academic achievement.
Homework and the transition to secondary school
Homework plays a vital part in the academic performance at primary level and the transition from primary to secondary education. In the process of doing homework, students develop essential skills like problem-solving; working independently, time management, among other things. If a student develops these skills at the primary level, it is possible that s/he will easily adapt to the learning environment at the secondary level. Therefore, it is important to teach the students about the importance of assignment from a young age so that they will get used to it as they grow.
However, one may wonder how assignment helps students acquire essential skills. Consider a parent who sets a specific place from where her kids will do their tasks. The parent also ensures that every time the kids come to the assignment station, they carry the necessary tools to complete the homework. With time, the kids will get used to the routine, and they will always carry all that is required for the assignment without being reminded. The parent may also set a specific time for completing the assignments every day. Therefore, the kids know when to go and what to carry to the assignment station. In the process, the children know how to organize their work and plan for their time.
The parent may also allow the student to work on the assignment alone and only help when they seriously need her assistance. In the process, the children will acquire essential life skills like time-management and remaining organized (organization skills). All these skills are essential for academic achievement and transition to higher learning.
Normally, assignments have fixed deadlines. A student is, therefore, required to submit a well-done assignment before the deadline. Failure to honor deadlines may attract disciplinary actions or poor performance due to penalties. The students are, therefore, forced to complete the homework before the due date to avoid the repercussions. Such an experience is vital in learning time management skills.
A student who can work independently can achieve more academically. The student does not have to wait for the approval of the teacher to do what is expected of him or her. The learner can set priorities and manage his or her time well. S/he is also able to solve most problems on his or her own. In short, the student becomes a responsible person who can take control of his/her education. All these characteristics are vital to higher learning.
Collaboration between school, student, and parent
Homework promotes collaboration between the school, student, and parent, and as you know, this collaboration is vital for good performance in school. Through the teamwork, parents can monitor the progress of their kids in school. Therefore, it makes it easy to discover the challenges that the students may be facing in their learning, and intervene on time.
Good cooperation between teachers and parents goes beyond the mere reporting to the parents about the performance or conduct of a student. It is a relation that avails a two-way information flow where parents and teachers can easily learn about the kid’s achievement and behavior. It also allows parents to inform the teacher about the complementary features at home. It offers a way for teachers to request and support active participation of the parents in the education of their kids at home. The cooperation provides a link between school and home learning activities.
Parents always have the firsthand information about the child. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to take full advantage of the information to easily understand and assess the student. Having firsthand knowledge about the conduct of a child at home and in school is useful to the teachers as they can carry out well-balanced assessments of the learners. They can discover a child with special needs and help him or her accordingly.
The good relationship between teachers and parents helps in improving the academic performance of a student. As mentioned above, homework is important in building this relationship. It indirectly helps in enhancing the performance of a kid at school. Therefore, the importance of homework cannot be overemphasized.
Reinforcement of class work
Homework offers students an opportunity to reinforce what they have learned in school. They can practice what their teacher has taught them and conduct further research on the same. The assignment gives the students a reason to consult their teachers or parents on the areas that they do not understand. In the process, they get a good understanding of the topic, and this translates to good grades. Academic achievement is, therefore, improved in the process.
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Top 5 Homework Help Websites To Improve Academic Performance and Save Time
Do My Homework for Me? 5 Best Howework Writing Services
Chicago, IL --News Direct-- Halvorson Media Group
Finding good homework websites for students is difficult and time-consuming. That's why we decided to prepare a ranking of the best homework help resources in 2022 to help you cope with study difficulties.
Being a student is a challenging thing in the world. Academic requirements become more arduous, making the education process much tougher and slowing down homework preparation. When it becomes impossible to cope with the entire volume of tasks on your own, the student will have to seek help from professionals. That is why we have prepared a rating of the best homework websites.
When selecting resources, we were guided by the following criteria: reliability, adequate price, and positive feedback from users. We also researched alluring perks valid for platform users. Thus, we have selected seven sites that meet these criteria:
PaperHelp — Best Homework Helper Overall;
Cheap Paper Writing — Best for Many Academic Fields Covered;
Speedy Paper — Best for Extra Perks;
99 papers — Best Homework Answer Website;
Extra Essay — Best for ASAP HW Help.
In this selection, you will find reliable school help websites that vary in prices and the services offered. We suggest you check out this review of all the platforms below to catch a general idea of these writing services:
PaperHelp : Best Homework Helper Overall
PaperHelp is a professional and reliable website to help with homework. A convenient form for making an order: you do not need to scroll through the entire list of services, as they are divided into logical sections: Essays, Dissertation, Admissions, Questions&Problems.
You will also be very pleased with the open list of authors, where you can see information about the writer, their specialization, and student testimonials. An open and transparent site policy is a strong indicator of reliability. This platform is a student-oriented site that provides money-saving services and good freebies.
A strong client focus is also seen in three quality revisions. The student has the right to apply for amendments within 7 days after receiving the order.
On Sitejabber, the service has a 4.75-star rating with 97% positive user feedback, which means something, right?
Cheap Paper Writing : Best for Many Academic Fields Covered
Having successfully provided academic writing services for 2 years, this service will help you improve your college performance and remove your education-related worries.
The homework website for students provides 4 services: academic writing, paper improvement (editing and proofreading), and problem-solving. This platform is a great help to do your homework.
The list of services is truly astonishing. You can order an essay and exam notes, ask for help with homework in literally any field, order an online lecture to summarize, and so on.
Plagiarism is not allowed for the CheapPaperWriting team. All texts are checked for anti-plagiarism and uniqueness to meet the client's requirements. The platform also offers the list of writers, where you can see the author's competence, rating on the site, and academic degree.
To reinforce this promising review, you can check out the testimonials from students who have already used the services of the CheapPaperWriting team. The platform received 5 stars on Sitejabber and 4.5 on Trustpilot.
Speedy Paper : Best for Extra Perks
Another great college homework help service for writing essays of varying complexity is SpeedyPaper. The main feature of this resource is that the project is not of one market but internationally-oriented.
However, these are only some of the peculiarities. Look, a wide range of services + professional writers = cool homework websites. But if we add the ability to pay for orders with Bitcoins, we get a modern product that meets users' requirements and keeps up with the times. Just like SpeedPaper does.
Experienced writers will help you cope with such assignments as dissertation writing, proofreading, grading, rephrasing, rewriting, and solving problems with homework. Student-friendly prices make the experience even more amusing.
Among other things, there are many cool perks and freebies on the site, such as a database of 12000+ free essays and samples for inspiration to write articles of exceptional quality. Outstanding ratings from users on Sitejabber (4,97) leave no doubt that this is a professional homework help website.
99 papers : Best Homework Answer Website
If you think about an essay you are not optimistic about, 99 papers are exactly what you need. This homework help website is suitable for high school and university students of any academic level. You can choose 3 types of writing services: writing, editing, and rewriting. All services are offered at tolerable prices, starting at $9.95 per page.
The price on this site varies not only on the complexity and urgency of the essay but also on the choice of writer qualifications. You have 3 types to choose from:: standard (included in the price), top writer (+ $7.99 per page), and ENL writer (+ $8.99 per page). All writers undergo a complex and rigorous selection process, so your choice depends on your preferences and personal considerations.
The site also offers extra perks to improve the quality of your paper: Plagiarism Report, Resource Copy, 1-Page Summary, and Priority Support. These are not the essential stuff, but when using them, the experience may be even more enjoyable!
To ensure the quality and reliability of the 99 peppers service, you can study customer reviews. 4.6 stars on Sitejabber is a claim to success.
Extra Essay : Best for ASAP HW Help
ExtraEssay is a real salvation for those who need an essay here and now, which is confirmed by good reviews on Sitejabber. That is high-quality academic homework help for college students offering a wide variety of writing options: from writing school essays and helping with math homework to conducting statistical analysis and writing dissertations.
That is a real find for students: 5 academic levels, 40+ topics, additional features in the form of retyping, rewriting, paraphrasing, etc., ability to choose a top writer and premium expert. You can also choose a paper presentation style among Harvard, APA, Chicago, and MLA. Also, this platform is one of the few where you can place an order for a paper 1 hour before the delivery of the essay to the professor. So ExtraEssay deservedly received the title of urgent essay writing service.
If you need help finding inspiration and a key idea for your essay, you can use the voluminous base of free essays you will find on the site in the Samples section.
Frequently Asked Questions
Ordering student paper is always a risk, and we understand that. To alleviate some of your fears and doubts, we have prepared a list of the essential FAQs that may arise when finding the best homework help website. To make your search easier and save time, you can also refer to this article with an excellent rating of homework websites.
Is it legal to order a paper from homework solutions websites?
Of course, the learning process involves the independent writing of all papers. Thus, texts to order are a violation of ethical academic standards. In terms of law, these social relations are not regulated by the government, which means that buying paper is not something illegal and will not incur any sanctions.
What if the professor returns my work for revision?
Each teacher has their requirements, and no one excludes such a situation. The best homework help websites usually include in the cost of the order the possibility of making corrections within 10-30 days after the delivery of the paper. The warranty period is an indicator of reliability and transparency. Therefore, when choosing a provider, you should pay special attention to this aspect.
Who becomes a writer on the best homework help websites?
Selecting writers who provide help with homework is a rather complicated procedure. All potential authors must provide a CV proving relevant work experience, a diploma of education (Master's, Ph.D., sometimes Bachelor's), pass an English language test, and write an essay on the required topic.
Therefore, when choosing a site to help with homework, you should prefer those platforms that provide the database of writers so that you can see work samples and reviews from other students.
How fast do homework sites do my HW?
The time depends on how quickly you need your paper ready. Deadlines on websites usually range from 6 hours to 21 days. However, there are last minute essay writing services, such as ExtraEssay, which we reviewed today. Such platforms can write essays and other assignments in an hour. Of course, this deadline only applies to more complex work, such as writing an introduction to a dissertation or preparing an application letter.
Can I get a refund if I don't get a good grade?
All reliable, professional sites to help with homework adhere to the Money Back Policy. It is necessary to prove that the paper does not meet the requirements you provided to the writer. If your work was of low quality, you might return the entire amount or 50% / 75% of the amount if the result of the paper did not reach the goal.
Final Thoughts
Every day, students struggle with many tasks, especially at the end of the trimester or in the senior class. Delegating those tasks that are not a priority is an opportunity to improve your performance and unload the tight schedule.
This ranking includes some of the most reliable and high-quality services for writing academic papers. They provide 100% uniqueness of their texts and privacy of user data. The choice of homework helper websites should be handled responsibly, and we will help you with this.
Contact Details
+1 929-491-3157
[email protected]
View source version on newsdirect.com: https://newsdirect.com/news/top-5-homework-help-websites-to-improve-academic-performance-and-save-time-416944205
Nix Homework to Help Students? What the Science Says
A Texas teacher's note to parents about her newly implemented "no formal homework policy" in her second-grade class went viral last week, opening up the floodgates for parents, teachers and school administrators to weigh in on this controversial topic.
In the note, teacher Brandy Young told parents that her students' only homework would be work that they did not finish during the school day.
Instead of having kids spend time on homework , parents should "spend your evenings doing things that are proven to correlate with student success," Young said. She recommended that parents " eat dinner as a family , read together, play outside and get your child to bed early," strategies that she suggests are more closely tied to a child's success in the classroom than doing homework.
Young's rationale for her new policy, as she explained in her note, was that "research has been unable to prove that homework improves student performance." [ 10 Scientific Tips for Raising Happy Kids ]
Live Science spoke with three educators who have conducted research on homework and student performance to fact-check this statement, and to find out what studies have shown about homework's positive and negative effects.
Keys to student success
It's accurate to suggest that studies have found no correlation between homework in elementary school and a student's academic performance , but there is one important exception worth mentioning, said Denise Pope, a senior lecturer at the Stanford University Graduate School of Education.
Research has shown that free reading , or allowing students to read whatever books they want, does improve their academic performance, Pope said. Some elementary school teachers assign free reading as homework, but kids and parents do not always perceive these assignments as true homework that must be completed, she explained. [ Best Science-y Books for Kids ]
In middle school, the evidence shows a slight correlation between doing homework and academic achievement , but further improvement fades after a middle-school student has spent 60 to 90 minutes a night doing homework, said Pope, who is also the co-founder of Challenge Success, an organization that works with schools and families to develop research-based strategies that engage kids and keep them healthy.
But it's tricky to draw conclusions from homework studies, because these studies use such varied ways of measuring a student's academic performance, Pope said. Some researchers use standardized test scores to measure achievement, while others use students' grade-point averages, she said.
Another variable that can complicate the results of homework studies is that it's hard to know who is actually doing the assignment when it's taken home, Pope said. For example, a student could get help from a parent , tutor, sibling or classmate to complete the work.
In high school, there is a strong correlation between students who do 2 hours of homework a night and higher levels of academic achievement, but again, this improvement fades when students exceed the 2-hour threshold, Pope told Live Science. [ Top 5 Benefits of Play ]
Pope said she considers the advice that the viral note offered to parents —to eat dinner as a family, read together, play outside and get a child to bed early — to be "spot on." She added that there is "really good research" to correlate these four variables with student success.
Studies suggest that to perform at their best in school, kids in second grade need sufficient sleep , playtime with their siblings and friends, and downtime, meaning time to transition from school to home. Kids also benefit from regular family time, which ideally takes place five times a week for at least 25 minutes and could take the form of a family meal, Pope said. Making time for reading is also important for a child's success in the classroom, she said.
Learning through practice
But not all educators share Pope's opinions of a no-homework policy for second graders.
The contention that "research is unable to prove that homework improves student performance" is an overstatement, said Harris Cooper, a professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, who has been researching homework and student performance for 30 years.
"Even in kids as young as age 7, research shows that homework in particular areas can help students learn, especially things children need to learn through practice," said Cooper, the author of "The Battle Over Homework" (Corwin, 2006).
Even when looking at levels as early as second grade, studies have found that kids who study a little bit at home may do better on spelling, vocabulary and math tests given in the classroom, Cooper told Live Science. However, he noted that the correlation between doing homework and higher academic achievement is not as strong in elementary students, who generally don't get much homework, as it is in middle-school and high-school students.
Rather than a no-homework policy for second graders, Cooper said he would recommend that homework for kids at this age be kept short and simple. It should take no more than about 20 minutes a night for second graders to complete their homework, he said.
To estimate an appropriate amount of time for students to spend doing homework, educators may use "the 10-minute rule" which means multiplying a child's grade level by 10 minutes of homework a night, Cooper explained. That means first graders get 10 minutes of homework, second graders get 20 and so on.
Besides just the skills in math, reading or other subjects themselves, homework can have positive effects on children's time-management and study skills, Cooper said. It can also help keep parents informed of what children are learning at school, and help make Mom and Dad aware of their child's strengths and weaknesses, he said.
But too much homework in second grade or assignments that are too hard can have a negative impact on young learners, Cooper said. "The last thing you want is for a 7-year-old to be bored [or] frustrated, or think that he or she is not good in school," he added.
Some parents who are extremely concerned about ensuring that their children achieve to their maximal ability may put pressure on educators, and this has led some teachers to assign students too much homework, especially at the high-school level, Cooper said.
But the key is for students to get the right amount of homework — not too much of it and not too little — so that it can have positive effects on learning and school performance, Cooper said.
Homework and family life
But other educators are steadfast that the right amount of homework in elementary school may be little to none.
Research suggests that homework in elementary school does not have a positive effect on student achievement, and could even have a negative impact, said Etta Kralovec, an associate professor of teacher education at the University of Arizona South, and the author of "The End of Homework" (Beacon Press, 2001).
The findings are more complex in middle- and high-school students, with many studies finding a correlation between classroom grades and homework, Kralovec said. But these results could also raise additional questions, because tracking students — separating them into lower-level and advanced-level classes, for example — also begins at these grades, and kids in the higher-track classes are often assigned more homework.
It may not be that homework actually causes students to get better grades in high school or middle school, it could be that students who do more homework were better students to begin with, Kralovec said.
It's also hard to know how much actual time students truly spend on homework, because most research relies on self-reported data from students, parents or teachers, Kralovec said. The amount of time a student reports spending on homework can differ from a parent's report of it, and it can also differ from the amount of time a teacher estimates students will need in order to complete the assignment, Kralovec explained.
Despite the research, the amount of time students spend doing homework remains a highly contentious topic in education, Kralovec told Live Science. And when a teacher's short note to parents about a no-homework policy goes viral, it shows that this topic has hit a very important nerve in the American family experience, she said.
Family life today is really challenging compared with decades past — with more working mothers and some parents working two or three jobs to make ends meet — and homework can add yet another stressor to the mix, Kralovec said.
If parents feel that the amount of homework students receive is too much and may be encroaching on family time, one strategy they may try is to get organized with other parents, Kralovec suggested.
Each school district may set its own policies about the amount of homework given to students. When parents have banded together in their communities, they have often been successful at having public discussions with administrators and teachers, and even moving assignment levels back to healthier levels, she said.
Originally published on Live Science .
Cari Nierenberg has been writing about health and wellness topics for online news outlets and print publications for more than two decades. Her work has been published by Live Science, The Washington Post, WebMD, Scientific American, among others. She has a Bachelor of Science degree in nutrition from Cornell University and a Master of Science degree in Nutrition and Communication from Boston University.
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Market Overview
Top 5 homework help websites to improve academic performance and save time.
Do My Homework for Me? 5 Best Howework Writing Services
Chicago, IL
--News Direct--
Finding good homework websites for students is difficult and time-consuming. That's why we decided to prepare a ranking of the best homework help resources in 2022 to help you cope with study difficulties.
Being a student is a challenging thing in the world. Academic requirements become more arduous, making the education process much tougher and slowing down homework preparation. When it becomes impossible to cope with the entire volume of tasks on your own, the student will have to seek help from professionals. That is why we have prepared a rating of the best homework websites.
When selecting resources, we were guided by the following criteria: reliability, adequate price, and positive feedback from users. We also researched alluring perks valid for platform users. Thus, we have selected seven sites that meet these criteria:
PaperHelp — Best Homework Helper Overall;
Cheap Paper Writing — Best for Many Academic Fields Covered;
Speedy Paper — Best for Extra Perks;
99 papers — Best Homework Answer Website;
Extra Essay — Best for ASAP HW Help.
In this selection, you will find reliable school help websites that vary in prices and the services offered. We suggest you check out this review of all the platforms below to catch a general idea of these writing services:
PaperHelp : Best Homework Helper Overall
PaperHelp is a professional and reliable website to help with homework. A convenient form for making an order: you do not need to scroll through the entire list of services, as they are divided into logical sections: Essays, Dissertation, Admissions, Questions&Problems.
You will also be very pleased with the open list of authors, where you can see information about the writer, their specialization, and student testimonials. An open and transparent site policy is a strong indicator of reliability. This platform is a student-oriented site that provides money-saving services and good freebies.
A strong client focus is also seen in three quality revisions. The student has the right to apply for amendments within 7 days after receiving the order.
On Sitejabber, the service has a 4.75-star rating with 97% positive user feedback, which means something, right?
Cheap Paper Writing : Best for Many Academic Fields Covered
Having successfully provided academic writing services for 2 years, this service will help you improve your college performance and remove your education-related worries.
The homework website for students provides 4 services: academic writing, paper improvement (editing and proofreading), and problem-solving. This platform is a great help to do your homework.
The list of services is truly astonishing. You can order an essay and exam notes, ask for help with homework in literally any field, order an online lecture to summarize, and so on.
Plagiarism is not allowed for the CheapPaperWriting team. All texts are checked for anti-plagiarism and uniqueness to meet the client's requirements. The platform also offers the list of writers, where you can see the author's competence, rating on the site, and academic degree.
To reinforce this promising review, you can check out the testimonials from students who have already used the services of the CheapPaperWriting team. The platform received 5 stars on Sitejabber and 4.5 on Trustpilot.
Speedy Paper : Best for Extra Perks
Another great college homework help service for writing essays of varying complexity is SpeedyPaper. The main feature of this resource is that the project is not of one market but internationally-oriented.
However, these are only some of the peculiarities. Look, a wide range of services + professional writers = cool homework websites. But if we add the ability to pay for orders with Bitcoins, we get a modern product that meets users' requirements and keeps up with the times. Just like SpeedPaper does.
Experienced writers will help you cope with such assignments as dissertation writing, proofreading, grading, rephrasing, rewriting, and solving problems with homework. Student-friendly prices make the experience even more amusing.
Among other things, there are many cool perks and freebies on the site, such as a database of 12000+ free essays and samples for inspiration to write articles of exceptional quality. Outstanding ratings from users on Sitejabber (4,97) leave no doubt that this is a professional homework help website.
99 papers : Best Homework Answer Website
If you think about an essay you are not optimistic about, 99 papers are exactly what you need. This homework help website is suitable for high school and university students of any academic level. You can choose 3 types of writing services: writing, editing, and rewriting. All services are offered at tolerable prices, starting at $9.95 per page.
The price on this site varies not only on the complexity and urgency of the essay but also on the choice of writer qualifications. You have 3 types to choose from:: standard (included in the price), top writer (+ $7.99 per page), and ENL writer (+ $8.99 per page). All writers undergo a complex and rigorous selection process, so your choice depends on your preferences and personal considerations.
The site also offers extra perks to improve the quality of your paper: Plagiarism Report, Resource Copy, 1-Page Summary, and Priority Support. These are not the essential stuff, but when using them, the experience may be even more enjoyable!
To ensure the quality and reliability of the 99 peppers service, you can study customer reviews. 4.6 stars on Sitejabber is a claim to success.
Extra Essay : Best for ASAP HW Help
ExtraEssay is a real salvation for those who need an essay here and now, which is confirmed by good reviews on Sitejabber. That is high-quality academic homework help for college students offering a wide variety of writing options: from writing school essays and helping with math homework to conducting statistical analysis and writing dissertations.
That is a real find for students: 5 academic levels, 40+ topics, additional features in the form of retyping, rewriting, paraphrasing, etc., ability to choose a top writer and premium expert. You can also choose a paper presentation style among Harvard, APA, Chicago, and MLA. Also, this platform is one of the few where you can place an order for a paper 1 hour before the delivery of the essay to the professor. So ExtraEssay deservedly received the title of urgent essay writing service.
If you need help finding inspiration and a key idea for your essay, you can use the voluminous base of free essays you will find on the site in the Samples section.
Frequently Asked Questions
Ordering student paper is always a risk, and we understand that. To alleviate some of your fears and doubts, we have prepared a list of the essential FAQs that may arise when finding the best homework help website. To make your search easier and save time, you can also refer to this article with an excellent rating of homework websites.
Is it legal to order a paper from homework solutions websites?
Of course, the learning process involves the independent writing of all papers. Thus, texts to order are a violation of ethical academic standards. In terms of law, these social relations are not regulated by the government, which means that buying paper is not something illegal and will not incur any sanctions.
What if the professor returns my work for revision?
Each teacher has their requirements, and no one excludes such a situation. The best homework help websites usually include in the cost of the order the possibility of making corrections within 10-30 days after the delivery of the paper. The warranty period is an indicator of reliability and transparency. Therefore, when choosing a provider, you should pay special attention to this aspect.
Who becomes a writer on the best homework help websites?
Selecting writers who provide help with homework is a rather complicated procedure. All potential authors must provide a CV proving relevant work experience, a diploma of education (Master's, Ph.D., sometimes Bachelor's), pass an English language test, and write an essay on the required topic.
Therefore, when choosing a site to help with homework, you should prefer those platforms that provide the database of writers so that you can see work samples and reviews from other students.
How fast do homework sites do my HW?
The time depends on how quickly you need your paper ready. Deadlines on websites usually range from 6 hours to 21 days. However, there are last minute essay writing services, such as ExtraEssay, which we reviewed today. Such platforms can write essays and other assignments in an hour. Of course, this deadline only applies to more complex work, such as writing an introduction to a dissertation or preparing an application letter.
Can I get a refund if I don't get a good grade?
All reliable, professional sites to help with homework adhere to the Money Back Policy. It is necessary to prove that the paper does not meet the requirements you provided to the writer. If your work was of low quality, you might return the entire amount or 50% / 75% of the amount if the result of the paper did not reach the goal.
Final Thoughts
Every day, students struggle with many tasks, especially at the end of the trimester or in the senior class. Delegating those tasks that are not a priority is an opportunity to improve your performance and unload the tight schedule.
This ranking includes some of the most reliable and high-quality services for writing academic papers. They provide 100% uniqueness of their texts and privacy of user data. The choice of homework helper websites should be handled responsibly, and we will help you with this.
Contact Details
+1 929-491-3157
[email protected]
View source version on newsdirect.com: https://newsdirect.com/news/top-5-homework-help-websites-to-improve-academic-performance-and-save-time-416944205
2022 News Direct Corp.
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/ Blog / How does homework improve academic outcomes?
How does homework improve academic outcomes?
Christopher Smith
17th february 2022.
As the new school year begins, an old debate about the value of homework is resurfacing. Parents who think their children are overkill are opposed to instructors forcing them to score higher on tests. However, two recent studies show that most parents are satisfied with their children's homework.
According to a January 2006 Associated Press survey, about 57% of parents believe their children have been given enough homework. Another 23 respondents thought this was not enough and 19% thought it was overkill.
A 2007 MetLife survey found that 87% of parents said it was important to help their children with homework. More than three-quarters (78%) do not believe that homework interferes with family time, and almost all (71%) do not believe that homework is a major cause of stress.
This figure should please educators. Even with a minority of opposition, most parents can expect satisfaction with their homework.
What Study Says:
However, only research can tell whether homework is effective. We looked at dozens of homework studies from 1987 to 2003 to see if homework was good for our children (Cooper, Robinson, & Patall, 2006).
The best way to answer the homework question is to compare students who received homework versus students who did not. The best way to answer homework questions is to compare students who are given homework to students who are somewhat similar to those who do not.
According to this study, homework can help students improve their grades at the end of a topic. Second graders who received homework did better on math tests.
Years 3 and 4 students scored better on English and Vocabulary tests. 5th graders scored better on social studies tests. Students in grades 9-12 scored better on tests in American history.
And the 12th graders did better on the Shakespeare test. Five studies found that typical students who did homework scored higher on tests than students who did not do their homework.
On the other hand, less rigorous (correlated) studies suggest little or no relationship between homework and success. The average association between time spent on homework and performance was significant for middle school students but not for elementary school students.
Why do you think so?
Young children cannot isolate themselves from distractions at home and have less developed study habits. Studies show that younger students who struggle with school take longer to complete homework because homework is more difficult.
How much homework do you have?
So, what is the ideal amount of homework a student should complete? Helping your children get the most out of their homework is a parenting guide published by the National Association of Parents and Teachers and the National Association of Education. The majority of educators believe that students in grades K-2 benefit from homework.
By the standards of many districts, high school students can expect about 30 minutes of homework in each subject they study (a little longer for honors or graduate programs).
As a result of our study, these recommendations make sense. At all school levels, practice assignments help students improve their performance in class assessment.
Elementary school students can benefit from a small amount of homework to help develop their learning skills. After doing homework for 90 minutes a night, elementary school students' academic achievement begins to decline.
The positive line for high school students continues to increase until there are between 90 minutes and 2.5 hours of homework a night, after which returns begin to decrease (Cooper, 1989; Cooper, Robinson, & Patall, 2006).
Proponents of homework argue that homework can help students achieve more than academic achievement. In addition to academic success, homework proponents argue that homework can have many other benefits.
It is argued that this can help students develop appropriate study habits so that they are ready to expand as their cognitive abilities increase. This can help students realize that learning can take place both at home and at school.
This can promote independent learning as well as responsible personality traits. It also allows parents to observe what is happening at school and give positive feedback on progress.
Opponents of homework argue that homework can also have negative consequences. All activities are only fun for a while, so it can cause boredom at school.
This can deprive students of access to recreational activities that teach important life skills. Parents can become too preoccupied with homework and use methods not used by teachers to pressure and confuse their children.
In my opinion, homework policies should stipulate the amount of Access assignment help consistent with research data but should allow individual schools and teachers the freedom to consider the unique needs and circumstances of students and families.
In general, teachers should stay away from both extremes. The best way to answer homework questions is to compare students who have received homework and students who are not given homework but are similar.
According to this study, homework can help students improve their grades on in-class quizzes at the end of the topic. In the second grade, students receive homework. Year 2 students who received homework did better in math, grades 3 and 4 did better with English Assignment Help , grade 5 did social studies, grades 9-12 did better with American history, and grade 12 students did Shakespeare better.
Twelve studies linking homework and achievement are less authoritative, but control for many other factors that may influence this association. Often based on a national sample of students, these studies point to a link between homework time and academic performance.
Other studies simply link homework with achievement without considering student differences. About 77% of 35 studies found a positive correlation between homework and achievement. But the most interesting thing about these findings is that they have little meaning.
The most interesting aspect of these results is that there is little or no relationship between homework and performance in elementary school students.
In addition to academic success, homework proponents argue that homework can have many other benefits. It is argued that this can help students develop appropriate study habits so that they are ready to expand as their cognitive abilities increase.
This can help students realize that learning can take place both at home and at school. Homework can help students develop self-control and responsible character. Parents can also observe what is happening at school and give positive feedback on progress.
Opponents of homework argue that homework can also have negative consequences. School activities can be boring because all classes have limited interest.
Homework can prevent students from engaging in recreational activities that teach important life skills. Parents can become too preoccupied with homework and use methods not used by teachers to pressure and confuse their children.
In my opinion, homework policies should not only stipulate the amount of homework consistent with research data but should also give individual schools and teachers the freedom to accommodate the specific needs and circumstances of students and families. In general, teachers should stay away from both extremes.
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A complete guide on Improved academic performance
Dec 13, 2021 | Assignment Writing | 0 comments
What are the strategies that work for improved academic performance? Is it only learning? Or it is the overall surrounding that together works to improve academic performance.
The student academic performance is measured based on overall academic achievement. Student achievement refers to all the class and extracurricular activities that the student takes part in.
Participating students are always ahead in every sphere of life and meet with success often. Also, students participating in different school activities actually work on their physical fitness. This article will put a thorough light on this particular topic and hint at the tips to improve students’ academic performance. Meanwhile, you can follow here if you want to discover about emotive language .
Table of Contents
How does the student academic performance matter?
Academic performance matters the most. Improved academic education hints at your academic success. It is pretty inevitable that if your progress report does not show considerable or, better to say, good scores, it will have a lifelong impact on your career. If you do not work hard to improve your academic performance, the teachers, professors, and the social world might likely look down upon you. Also, it is essential to note that you will fail to secure a prosperous future without improving your academic performance.
Students with consistently low academic performance often find it challenging to make a mark in his career. The employers of top companies go through the progress report of your academic curriculum and prioritize your changes only when they find your performance outstanding. It is important to note that the performance score should be consistently good at different levels. Explore the amazing world of alliteration!
How to improve academic performance in college?
Colleges with better student outcomes focus on student performance. They organize a well-defined academic performance improvement plan. A college student works a lot over his physical health for academic success. Get in constant touch with your academic advisor to discuss your program of study, graduation plans, and career goals. E.g., you should have a thorough knowledge of How to write an assignment format?
However, since college students are teenagers, a lot of external factors bring about statistically significant differences in their behaviour which eventually reflects in their academic performance. Professors and teachers should design the class schedule effectively.
They also need to take care of the student ratio to give equal attention to every learner effectively, especially to those who do not miss class and take class activities seriously. Students should also have an action plan to improve academic performance.
Finally, the academic advisor should conduct and plan to organize various assessments to evaluate the students’ perceptions and pick up the brightest students. Intelligent learners take expert help to complete their assignments in time.
This enhances confidence and brings in good grades that help in the career and life throughout. The experts are trained and experienced individuals and are well versed with the guidelines of the university. So the learners do not really have a reason to worry about the homework, deadlines or low grades further.
Does homework help improve academic performance?
Ofcourse yes, homework plays a significant role to improve your academic performance. Homework is also necessary in every sphere of life to improve your academic performance.
Do you want to know if college grades matter for jobs or not, click here .
Implementations of effective memory aids help you memorize information while doing your homework.
Lack of sufficient social interaction is also harmful. If you feel you can’t do much about the homework for a significant reason, you can take professional assignment help that can keep your motivation to work further and get you good scores.
Let us see how exactly homework brings about significant improvements in your learning style.
Enforces discipline
Though sometimes tricky for most students, homework can improve their intelligence and can act as a confidence boost tool to achieve academic goals—homework help students in the long run by encouraging discipline forever.
Develops communication skills
Homework gives you a better understanding of how learning and work development work. It allows teachers and parents to learn more about the students and what they want to know. Many parents also want their children to receive homework to help them understand what they are learning in school because homework enhances communication skills. Here you should learn the top 20 techniques of communication .
It helps to learn the usage of resources
It is vital to realize and feel the use of resources such as libraries and the internet throughout a child’s education. Homework teaches children to seek information by using these resources to complete tasks actively focussing on control groups. It is a skill that will be easy for the rest of your life.
Develop time management skills
Do more homework than necessary. Rehearsing helps in managing activities and improving your time management skills. The assignment has a deadline, and meeting that deadline helps students to think critically and develop solutions. It is a real-life example of how important it is to work because time management is an integral part of the lifestyle that helps your child graduate from college and succeed.
It really helps to prepare
Doing homework with the current tune improves training your brain to be ready. You learn to always plan for the future to complete a subject with a special test.
Thus academic potential gets enhanced with the use of multiple learning strategies.
To know more benefits of doing assignments, please go through our next blog, Why is assignment writing important for students?
How to improve child academic performance?
It is expected from a student to have a clear objective in life if you really want to improve academic performance. Academic success largely depends on making your way and using a few tips of some effective learning strategies. Here are some academic performance improvement strategies:
Identify your strength and knowledge
What leads to poor academic performance?
Knowing your strength and knowledge empowers you significantly and forwards you towards academic achievement. Never feel disappointed or disgusted if you feel you do not know about a particular topic. Also, do not hesitate to work upon your weak areas.
Everyone is an expert in their own way. Personal strength varies from person to person. It is not a bad idea to compare your scores with those of your peers who don’t put in a lot of conscious effort but still do well. It is definitely one way to overcome negative thoughts. A little competition cannot lead to danger. However, improving weak content can be very different depending on the knowledge retention strategies.
Understand the learning strategy that brings you academic achievement
Some gifted students possess a photographic memory. They score A straight away without much effort. Then some of us have to recheck the script to find out the memory. Others remember better when they write. Some people like to write down their instructions and listen to them more to understand what they are learning.
Make use of internet services or online courses to help you memorize information. Once you’ve decided on the best way to store your experience, you can create a plan to improve your learning.
Classroom work is significant
Classroom learning is the most traditional form of learning strategy. You must attend classes if you really want to have a clearer explanation and eventually improve your academic performance. When you focus on your class, you stay the most updated in your lessons.
When you attend the classes, it’s easier to ask your teacher to explain something other than go through a lot of the textbook to understand a simple topic. For e.g., you can learn How to write an introduction for assignment? If you don’t believe it, ask a question to get the meaning of the words more explicit in your head. Try it now.
Focus on Daily Organization
The daily organization does not just mean maintaining a daily planner or arranging a proper study space. By daily organization, we mean planning each day and night systematically and practically. Planning and organization make your life much smoother, and you can maintain a healthy work-life balance. The learners need to know what is important to their goals and how to achieve them, so they don’t rush at the last minute.
Develop a Learning skill set
It could be because of your bad handwriting or slow handwriting that you fail to take class notes. If the writing is not appropriate, trying the task can be difficult. So write well and listen carefully to write fast. If it is difficult to write correctly, it is good to write the sermon with the teacher’s permission. It will help you write yourself.
Governing and identifying your own skills is an important part of learning today. You need to learn how to access it quickly and the important information you need on a particular topic or topic. Intelligent life will win out.
Write more and more assignments to enhance your writing and thinking skills.
You need physical activity and healthy nutrition.
Studies have shown that physical training and other exercises burn your calories and train your mind. A well-planned physical activity can increase the amount of oxygen that enters the brain so that you can reach your educational potential. It also stimulates the release of a generous amount of neurotransmitters that help manage memory, emotions, and stress. Physical activity stimulates the mind and improves emotional behaviours that are essential for improving learning.
Food also plays an important role in getting better grades and help you utilize your full academic potential. To be successful, you have to eat well and add nutrition to your diet. Healthy foods provide our bodies and minds with the energy they need to grow, function, be active, stay healthy, and learn. So if you are sure that your goal is to improve your education, adopt a healthy lifestyle and get some exercise into your lifestyle.
Arrange your needs
To be successful in your studies, you need to understand how to lead yourself properly. Make sure to keep your learning space clean, such as a desk chair or bag. Prepare your shelf and everything related to your work, including planning for the physical equipment around you, as a way to manage time. You can schedule your time to enjoy other activities and time for study.
Pick up your learning style.
To get the best output of your research, determine which study style is right for you. Some students learn best by listening to information, others by understanding reading and others by writing. So, find out which technique is best for you and focus on that path.
Procrastination is unhealthy
Cell phones distract the students a lot these days. Don’t interrupt your learning process by playing games, and don’t procrastinate. Take healthy intervals and use them wisely to focus on getting back to work. Therefore, instead of procrastinating, set reasonable hours and take appropriate breaks between classes to repay.
Get along with Your Mentors
Ask your doubts and questions about areas that are difficult to understand. Learn about strategies you can improve on to improve yourself in your field. Teachers want to help struggling students.
It is actually a good idea to talk to your professors and teachers when developing strategies to improve your grades. Most educators are very compassionate and will be happy to help you improve. Surprisingly, you come in touch with a lot of professors when you search for online homework solutions. These subject matter experts write your homework diligently. Just type do my assignment on your browser to try the service.
Revision is helpful
If you get a low score on each test, take the test and rate it. It will help you know how much you know about your topic and what to do next. The tests help you remember everything you have learned in the past. Students often skip the tests and think they know everything but have difficulty writing the answers to the tests. Therefore, pretreatment is essential.
Goal setting is a wise strategy.
If you choose to become a student, you must learn to say nothing more. Ahead of your time, be creative and set goals for yourself. Remember, setting goals can’t be overwhelming and get you in trouble.
Taking the time to plan and focus on your education is directly proportional to improving your learning.
Therefore list your priorities in the following order: personal, professional and educational. Your application should include opportunities for study, personal care, family, and sports. Achieving your educational goals often depends on how you manage your time.
You can also download the strategies for improving academic performance in schools pdf from the internet.
See more: Why Is Academic Research Important?
How do you improve the academic performance of a weak student?
Weak students are identified under the following categories:
- Behaviorally challenging child
- Slow Learner
- Differential learner
- The student with special needs
- Gifted student
It should be the primary concern of the teachers to know why the child is not achieving his goals. They know what exactly is the student academic performance definition.
They should identify that the baby may not be in good physical shape. Blindness is a common problem. Sometimes kids don’t open up to their uncomfortable bodies. Therefore, teachers or parents should have a relationship in which students are free to discuss their concerns. They should take turns to help the child and bring about improved academic performance.
- Conduct varied assessments
IQ tests should be conducted on such students. Sometimes home atmosphere also adversely affects a child’s performance. Sometimes home atmosphere also adversely affects a child’s performance. Interest, way of teaching and infrastructural barriers can also be the reason for poor performance. Hence one should find out the reason.
- Be compassionate
Teachers and parents should be patient with weak students. Don’t be weak, stupid, or stupid. Weak students are also the targets of bullying and should be protected from such behaviour. Their dignity must be preserved.
- Offer ample room for Mental Activities
Students should have many learning opportunities. Learning should be hands-on activities, with children participating in teaching-learning. Learning should start with a topic and move on to more problem-oriented concepts.
- A healthy body leads to a healthy mind
The phrase “a healthy body should have a healthy mind” has been studied to show that healthy people can focus better on knowing about activities. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the physical health of the students. You need to have time to exercise regularly.
- Understand the emotion of the child
Teachers should make sure that the health of the child is good. The school must be valuable as yoga and recreational activities. The teacher should support him and not use derogatory words to move him into depression. The teacher should understand that the learner might not be in a healthy emotional state to work.
- Motivate through interesting activities
Professors and mentors need to encourage weak students to do better. The teachers can reduce the operating time for more effectiveness. And once the students complete their work, they need to be encouraged and supported. Participate in their learning to speed up the entire process.
- Identify his learning style
Not all children learn the same. Some children are good listeners, some are visual learners, and some are kinesthetic learners. As a teacher or parent, you need to understand your child’s education. And you need to plan your teaching-learning activities accordingly.
- Individual tutoring helps
Most weak students have been found to have difficulty understanding due to a lack of vocabulary in the past. Self-training can help in this way. Indeed, good students learn quickly. As a result, teachers often focus more on students in their classes. But we also have to take sensible care of the weak. You need to get instructions from your teacher.
- Set a Timetable for them
The students often make mistakes because they fail to keep their goals of getting good grades. Teachers can help students complete, review, and experiment with each topic by dividing their time into several categories. Taking this opportunity will help you achieve your goal.
Students with Alzheimer’s disease need more attention to remember and not lose self-confidence. Repeating a chapter and answering the same question repeatedly will solve the problem. Critics’ ratings can also be helpful.
What are the factors that affect your academic performance?
Some undeniable factors that cause hindrance to your academic performance are listed below:
1. Lack of positive mental headspace
You must not allow negativity to empower your mind. If you lack a positive approach, you will learn nothing from your falling grades. Lack of sufficient motivation and good emotional study space will affect what you do. If you ignore your studies, one or two setbacks will lower your self-esteem, and you will end up in a lower class.
2. Low immune system
It may sound unrelated, but data analysis reports that a low immune system affects a student’s overall performance and deprives him of good grades. Less mental, as well as physical activity, acts as a hindrance in achieving better grades.
3. Using unsuitable learning style
Most students fail because they can’t find the proper education. All the students apply a variety of techniques depending on their style and achieve their best education. Therefore, it is important to know that finding the right education for your students is the most important thing in completing an education.
4. No time for revision
The reason students do not perform well on tests is because they often do not spend enough time on revision. Students usually emphasize the importance of treatment, but it should be made clear that treatment is very important during the exam. Students should spend time making appropriate adjustments and reviewing the information in more detail.
5. Lack of guidance
If a student does not receive the proper advice from parents and teachers, he or she will fail the test. Appropriate counselling can help you prepare for future problems. When you are led, you have a good plan for the situation.
6. Lack of communication skills
When you fail to convey your thoughts and feelings, you cannot share your feelings with others, and you repeat them. Improved communication skill helps you be successful when you start thinking.
7. Tempting distractions
This is one of the primary reasons for poor education. Technology is good and bad for young people. Students become addicted to cell phones, which makes them addicted and wastes their time. Everything is fine because too much technology can lead to poor performance. In addition, we have become so dependent on technology that we forget our own power of thought.
8. Low confidence
People who lack self-confidence do not do well in everything, such as work, school, or sports. They have low career goals.
Self-esteem helps develop desirable behaviours everywhere. Low self-esteem can make problem-solving and other tasks difficult.
Improving academic performance in a just
- Choose a website that provides information, links, and activities related to topics such as writing, exam stress, learning strategies, cognitive skills, time management information, goal setting and more! Take the time to identify and apply new strategies that will help you be successful.
- Take advantage of the services offered by some excellent learning centres. The centres include mathematics and writing, special education, further education and satellite education.
- Work for a considerable number of activity hours.
- Create your weekly study schedule by creating classes and other appointments with College Schedule Maker. We encourage you to participate in 2 hours of non-classroom instruction every hour of class.
- Use daily plans to keep control for tasks, activities, presentations, events, questions, and tests. Students can keep the contact details of each instructor with them.
- Get a sound sleep of at least 8-10 hours every night and get into bed early.
- Attend all classes and be on time. Sit in the front row and do not write during class.
- Review your papers for 5 minutes before and after each lesson.
- Talk to your trainer. Inform him in advance if you will be absent. If you have any issues or concerns to discuss with the assigned trainer, hire a part-time trainer.
- Sit with your Academic Advisor and discuss the class schedule and career goals.
- Finally, maintain good health. Eat well, drink plenty of fluids, work out regularly, avoid smoking and alcohol, and hang out with yourself and your friends.
How does higher-level thinking improve academic performance?
Higher-level thinking denotes the process of thinking one step further. When you prepare one step or one level higher than your standard, you are well ahead and well alert. There are a lot of institutions that prepare you for higher-level learning and prepare you for the upcoming tests that you are going to sit for in the near future.
These institutions employ subject matter experts to train you in their respective subjects. So basically you learn from experts and be well prepared in the concerned subject well in advance.
Read: Difference between Footnote and Endnote
How does a teacher help to improve your academic performance?
Others need to learn to work well with their peers. Others need encouragement to transform from test-takers to students capable of starting and doing independent tasks.
When student success is affected by teachers’ ability to motivate students by teaching in a fun, creative, and personal way, the best way for students to improve their skills is to receive expert guidance and advice from teachers and instructors.
- The teacher should evoke positive vibes.
Before moving on to the steps educators need to take to establish good communication with their students, I think it’s important to have a positive attitude. As a teacher, an individual can act as a mentor when managing a class of 20 or 30 students, but not in a single meeting. It is important to show the positive.
- Teachers need to formulate an organized plan.
Individual discussions with students should be planned before the start of the school year. It means spending time with the students. It is recommended for the mentors to meet with all students for 10 minutes once a month. Discussion plans will vary depending on the classroom environment. It is good to have class discussions while other students do their homework.
- Inform the students about your plans
On the first day of class, tell the students that you plan to meet one by one. Remember that many students are hurt not to see a teacher until they have done something wrong. It is a typical feature of the students. Write the plans on a piece of paper separate from the instructions and class rules (students should help create it). Tell them in your mind that your goal is to work with each student individually to improve their learning.
- Inform the parents too
Although it is necessary to inform the director of your program, it is important to inform the students’ parents. Encourage students to see parents share all of the notes provided on the first day of class. Post lesson plans on the class website and social media or finds ways to connect with parents. It is distinctly important for each parent to be consciously aware of their child’s progress. Make sure you meet all of the students.
- Give a considerable amount of time.
Teachers are responsible for bringing about a significant change in a child’s mental health. This is because mental health and academic performance are interconnected. Hence spending time with the child is equally important. Students can quickly conclude that you like things if you spend a lot of time with some of them. While you can still give yourself to students asking for help in a way that is not a one-on-one conversation, 100% make sure you encourage all students to seek good help.
- Give individual attention
Some students react very well to criticism; others do not. During the school year, you will be required to wear student gloves. Asking the parents of these students for advice is a great way to learn to understand tips and tricks. As you speak with your students, you can examine their language to know when to praise and encourage them.
- Giving ears work better than only speaking
Speaking without listening is not a great practice or advice. Therefore the teachers must have class members speak before you do. It is especially important during the first meeting. Ask students to identify who they are. Before giving advice, I want to know each student well. If you’re afraid to speak up, ask open-ended questions. Write notes to remember the details of your students. Focus on future meetings where you will remember the truth about your students.
- Being a guide is more important than becoming a friend.
It is necessary to set an example of a teacher and a student who can help you teach. For example, you could say that writing for public photos of children in childhood sparks an interest in learning relationships. However, there is no reason as such to discuss personal issues that do not affect learning and make friendships outside the classroom.
- Accepting Mistakes is a good practice.
Teachers who criticize others are especially likely to be hated if they act like they aren’t making mistakes. If a teacher makes a mistake, such as giving instructions that don’t work, admit it. Students will like and accept such teachers more and trust them more. Faith is important if they will listen to you in the future. Additionally, students often know when a teacher makes a mistake.
- Teachers must know the interest of their students.
By asking your students to tell you who they are, you can develop strategies that will help your students improve academically. If you are a math teacher, you might be frustrated that so many students hate math. But some students like to play baseball. Instead of giving you math problems in your textbook, you can ask them to calculate the average LeBron James score.
- Discussing Students’ career goals
Many students will not understand the effort required to improve their skills. They think their skills are good. Especially if they have good grades, it’s the teacher who can show that they’ll need to develop a variety of skills to stand out in college, graduate school, and the workplace. It is helpful to talk about their past experiences or those of others when you or someone else was struggling to move up to the next level in high school. For the students to reach their full potential, praise them as they improve.
The bottom line
There is no shortcut to success that we can talk about. So, try these tips to see the rapid changes in your education. We also recommend that you take online courses in areas that you find difficult to improve your knowledge. A wide number of online courses offered by various institutions are available, and you also get a lot of help with your assignments. Choose from a variety of such solutions that can help you improve your knowledge and achieve your academic goals.
Good luck. Stay tuned!
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- Personality
Personality, Homework Behavior and Academic Performance
How does personality relate to homework and grades.
Posted January 18, 2010
- What Is Personality?
- Find a therapist near me
Although cognitive ability is the key predictor of grades and overall academic performance, personality also plays a role. The question that researchers explored in this study was how personality affects academic performance. Their basic hypothesis was that the effects of personality on academic performance are mediated by homework behavior. For example, someone who is not very conscientious in terms of personality (lacking a sense of self-discipline, orderliness and need for achievement) would be less likely to do his or her homework, and this would negatively affect grades. In fact, previous research indicates that the personality trait of conscientiousness is the strongest personality predictor of academic performance (as important as cognitive ability in terms of prediction), and it's also a strong predictor of success in the work place.
When we speak of personality this way, we're taking a trait approach, and the most common of the trait models is known as the Big Five . I've written about this model before, so you can get a more detailed description of these traits at my previous post, Is Procrastination a Personality Problem: What is Personality?
The big five traits - that I like to remember with the very Canadian mnemonic of "CANOE " - are: Conscientiousness, Agreeableness , Neuroticism, Openness to Experience and Extraversion . A couple of things are important to note, however, in terms of the traits measured in this study. First, Neuroticism is also often phrased and measured as its opposite, " Emotional Stability " - which is expressing calmness and freedom for persistent emotions. The researchers used this in their study as opposed to Neuroticism. Second, the fifth factor in the model as it has been researched (not how we remember it with CANOE) is the Openness to Experience factor. This is interpreted differently in different studies and cultures. In this study, as is typical in many European studies, the researchers defined and measured it as Autonomy which reflects an individual's tendencies to form his or her own opinions and take independent decisions.
Details about the study Researchers from the Groningen Institute for Educational Research at the University of Groningen in The Netherlands (a place that holds fond memories for me personally) collected data from a large, nationally representative sample of students in the equivalent of U.S. Grade 7 and above (the base-year sample in this longitudinal data set consisted of 19,391 students drawn from 825 classes). In addition to end-of-year grades for language and mathematics, the researchers had data from students' self-reports on homework behavior and personality (Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Emotional Stability and Autonomy).
Homework behavior included single-item measures of time spent on homework and procrastination, as well as 18 items that assessed learning strategies. The learning strategies themselves were grouped into three types that capture: 1) Critical strategy - a tendency to do more work than is required and to form one's own opinions, 2) Integrative Strategy - a tendency to try to grasp the meaning of the material by relating and structuring it, and 3) Memorizing and Rehearsal Strategy - a tendency to use simple forms of self-regulation . The researchers also controlled for a number of variables in their analyses including things like cognitive ability, gender , and ethnicity .
Their analyses Basically, they tested two hypotheses. The first was that personality would be related to homework time, procrastination and learning strategies. Their second hypothesis was a refinement of these relations where they predicted that homework behaviors would mediate, at least partially, the relation between personality and school grades. In other words as I noted above, personality would affect academic achievement by affecting achievement-related behaviors like homework (which includes learning strategies and procrastination).
What they found I think the easiest way to communicate their findings is to list them briefly in point form below. I'm going to take the time and space to list these because many research-oriented parents may be interested in these details. I discuss the main findings and their implications below (if you want to skip these individual findings).
Personality predicted homework behavior (after controlling for things like cognitive ability, gender, and ethnicity).
- Conscientiousness and Agreeableness were positively related to homework time. The more self-disciplined and cooperative students are, the more time they spend on homework
- Emotional Stability (the opposite of Neuroticism) negatively related to homework time. The more emotionally stable students are, the LESS time they spend on homework. Interesting, isn't it?
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Procrastination was predicted most strongly by Conscientiousness (a finding that is consistent in the literature, see for example my previous blog Personality: A risk and resilience factor for procrastination ).
Other traits were related to procrastination: higher scores on Agreeableness and Extraversion were related to lower procrastination while higher Emotional Stability and Autonomy meant higher procrastination.
In terms of grades:
- Higher Conscientiousness and Agreeableness predicted higher end-of-term grades.
- All homework variables predicted grades. Surprisingly, the authors note that “The MORE time students spend on homework (even with similar cognitive ability) and the more they procrastinated, the lower their grades (pp. 3-4; emphasis added).
- Integrative strategy use positively predicted higher grades while the memorizing and rehearsal strategy scores were negatively related to grades.
- The mediation models varied depending on the personality trait with evidence of both full and partial mediation (the details are beyond this blog entry)
The authors summarize their findings writing, "First, conscientious students spent more time on homework, procrastinated less, and used all three types of learning strategies more than less conscientious students. A similar pattern was observed for Agreeableness, although its relation with procrastination was far less strong. Also, Agreeableness was not related to critical strategy use. Third, as expected, extraverts used more surface strategies and less critical strategies than introverts . However, extraverts did not differ from introverts in homework time and procrastinated less than introverts. Fourth, emotionally stable students spent less time on homework than neurotic students, and procrastinated more. However, they used their time more efficiently than neurotic students, as their strategy use revealed. Finally, autonomous students procrastinated more and used all strategies more than less autonomous students, most notably the critical strategy, as could be expected" (p. 4).
In terms of the mediation expected, the results indicate that homework behavior and personality independently contribute to academic performance, at least to some extent. Personality has both direct effects on grades as well as effects that are expressed through homework behaviors.
Implications of this study There are a number of important limitations to this study which the authors duly note such as the use of single-item measures of procrastination and homework time, however the results provide some food for thought as we consider how personality plays itself out in our children's (and our own) education . As the authors note in their own discussion,
"students with different personalities learn in different ways, some of which are rewarded within secondary education and others not, and this partly determines why they perform at different levels" (p. 5).
Clearly, educators, parents and students themselves need to take personality into account in relation to the context for learning. Of course, the interactions and individual differences are varied, so it is important to also remember what Christopher Peterson wrote in a recent blog posting about scrabble, " There are no bad racks " . In scrabble, there are no bad racks, it's how we use the tiles we have.
Many things predict academic achievement, but none of this is deterministic. Awareness of one's relative resources and limitations, as well as strategic use of what we have is of the outmost importance.
As Chris summarized one of his lessons for a good life based on his analysis of scrabble, "The value of anything is contingent and contextualized. A productive play is purposeful and pragmatic. What are we doing with it, where are we doing it, and why are we doing it?"
I think that the present research reflects how contingent and contextualized the expression of traits are in terms of academic achievement. The relations of personality to homework behavior and academic achievement are complex. How we "play" the "tiles" of personality in the context of our own learning is the important thing.
Reference Lubbers, M.J., Van Der Werf, M.P.C., Kuyper, H., & Hendriks, A.A. J. (2010). Does homework behavior mediate the relation between personality and academic performance? Learning and Individual Differences , doi: 20.1016/j.lindif.2010.01.05
Tim Pychyl, Ph.D. , is a recently retired university faculty at Carleton University, he spent his career researching and writing about procrastination.
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How Does Tutoring Help Students Improve Their Grades?
Sam Benezra
Regular tutoring sessions can help students improve their grades in myriad ways. Many students receive occasional homework assistance or one-on-one tutoring, but few build it into their weekly schedule and are tutored on a regular basis.
Effective tutoring is more than just homework help. The best tutors are able to guide their students through the process of learning new information so that they develop problem-solving and thinking skills to succeed independent of tutoring.
Tutoring has been shown to have a significant impact on homework and testing grades, but it also can provide students with intangible benefits, such as a strong work ethic, a better attitude toward challenging subjects, and reduced testing anxiety.
Here’s how tutoring can help students improve their grades and performance in school.
Coordinating lessons with the school curriculum
One of the main advantages of having private tutoring is getting the opportunity to learn more than the standard course load. With private instruction, students can move ahead in the syllabus and begin working on concepts before the rest of their class does. Getting ahead of the syllabus better prepares students to comprehend difficult concepts when they come up. This will give students an advantage on exams and make it easier to keep up with their peers.
For students who aren’t ready to jump ahead in coursework, tutoring gives students the opportunity to work through concepts that they are struggling with, and can help reinforce those that they feel confident in.
Coordinating tutoring sessions with the school curriculum has been shown to help at-risk students learn and retain concepts . Students with a tendency to fall behind in class will often benefit from the focused guidance that they get in tutoring sessions.
Practicing effective study habits
Tutors not only help students with learning material but also can help students build effective study habits.
“The dictionary defines a tutor as a person who gives an individual, or in some cases a small group, instruction. I am not satisfied with the definition,” Halina Goetz, assistant professor of mathematics at Chapman University, wrote in a blog post . “I would add that the purpose of tutoring is to help students help themselves, and to assist or guide them to the point at which they become independent learners, and thus no longer need a tutor.”
In other words, a strong tutor will be able to provide their students with individualized attention as well as strong study habits and comprehension skills that can help students keep up with coursework and material even after they stop taking tutoring.
“Tutoring offers systematic, structured learning experience in a more individualized way,” she added. “It also improves the tutee’s self-esteem, attitude toward subject matter, and academic performance as well as personal growth. In addition to that, tutoring is a self-paced and self-directed learning process.”
There is some evidence that self-discipline — not advanced course material or tutoring — is the most important factor in education. A good tutor, however, will be able to teach students practice and develop skills related to self-discipline and work ethic. These skills can have an enduring effect on a student’s education, and even their post-educational success.
Learning one-on-one
The main advantage of receiving tutoring is the opportunity to consistently work one-on-one with their instructor. Individualized instruction allows students to hone in on areas of strength and weakness across subjects. Experienced tutors know how to work with various types of learners and can adapt their teaching style accordingly. This allows students to learn at a comfortable pace and spend additional time on areas where they struggle.
Various studies have shown that class sizes can raise student test scores and even improve student outcomes down the line. Even group tutoring can help students develop strong skills. In small groups and one-on-one sessions, the focused attention that a tutor can provide has its own advantages.
As Robert Slavin, director of the Center for Research and Reform in Education at Johns Hopkins University, noted in a blog post , “The tutoring session, whether one-to-one or one-to-very small group, gives students the undivided attention of a valued adult who can give them personal nurturing and attention to a degree that a teacher with 20-30 students cannot.”
A 2017 study of high school students in poor areas of Chicago showed that one-on-one math tutoring can have significant effects on students’ performance, resulting in higher test scores and grades in math, and fewer failures in math and non-math courses.
Learning from peers
Research-based tutoring methods have been shown to be particularly effective for helping students improve their grades and test scores, and tutoring by teachers and teaching assistants provides students with the most benefit. However, while volunteer tutoring is less effective, primarily due to volunteer programs facing difficulties in having volunteers every day, not all students have such direct access to trained tutors.
Fortunately, peer tutoring, in which students serve as tutors for other students, has been shown to have a positive impact on students of all ages.
One study conducted by doctoral candidates at the University of Arizona demonstrates that peer tutoring can provide various benefits to college students. The study, which followed students in a mathematics course at the university, found that peer tutoring had a significant impact on the students’ final examination scores, independent of gender, SAT score, math placement level, and high school GPA.
There is also evidence that tutoring at a young age can reduce the likelihood of special education referral and help prevent the development of a learning disability.
Assisting with homework
Helping with homework should never be the sole job of a tutor. Goetz noted that in conversations with students who have received tutoring, she found that “many, too many, parents and students equate a tutor with a ‘homework machine.’ ”
“The main goal of tutoring is to help a tutee to become a lifelong independent learner,” she elaborated. “Mimicking the steps shown by a tutor will not help a tutee become an independent learner and will not help the tutee learn critical thinking skills.
It is true that tutoring too often consists purely of homework help. However, assistance with homework can benefit many students who don’t receive assistance with homework from parents, siblings, or peers. Students who don’t receive help at home may struggle compared to peers who do receive some guidance with their homework.
Getting some extra help with homework can instantly help students boost their grades. However, tutors should do more than simply walk their tutees, step-by-step, through problems. Rather, students should expect their tutors to help them work through challenging concepts and to teach them critical thinking and problem-solving skills that will help them work through problems independently.
Learning test-taking strategies
One of the most tangible ways that tutors can help their students improve their grades is by teaching them test-taking techniques and strategies.
Knowledge and mastery of test-taking and problem-solving strategies positively correlate with performance on exams and reduction in test anxiety. Students with less working knowledge of test-taking strategies tend to have worse grades and more test anxiety.
Learning practicable strategies can not only help improve students’ grades, but improve their confidence on exams and help understand how to work through unfamiliar material.
Improving attitude and perception of school
In addition to the educational benefits of tutoring, there is evidence that direct tutoring can help improve students’ attitude toward the subject matter they cover. The best tutors help their tutees develop a sense of confidence and comfort with academics.
Tutors can teach their students effective procedural learning skills. In other words, a good tutor will show their tutees how to teach themselves. The ability to seek out information, research, and work through difficult concepts independently are not only valuable educational skills but valuable life skills.
Tutoring can have various benefits for students who are falling behind in class, want to improve their grades, or would like to reinforce their knowledge with test-taking skills. More than just homework help, effective tutoring can help students develop habits and critical thinking capabilities that will last a lifetime.
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6 ways to Improve Academic Performance for all students
How can you help both underperforming and bright students perform well at the same time? Well, there are many things you can do to improve academic performance for all students. In what follows, we won’t focus on academic approaches and methods; but, we do have some practical tips you can apply, with our student management system; DreamClass.
To improve academic performance, first, you need to efficiently measure and communicate student performance to all interested parties; teachers, students and guardians. DreamClass offers you all the functionality you need, to make a head start in that direction and implement performance improvement strategies in your workflows. Read on!
6 ways DreamClass helps you improve academic performance
Let’s focus on things you can do, in practice. More specifically, we’ll see how to work towards improving academic performance, by making the most out of the functionality you’ll find in DreamClass; our student information system .
1. Improve communication between teachers and students
There’s no doubt that face- to-face interaction within the class is the richest form of communication, between teachers and students. Nevertheless, sometimes, it’s useful for both students and teachers to share additional information, outside the class. Teachers, for example, may need to share extra information, in advance; and set the ground for the next teaching session. Also, students may need to ask additional questions, at a later time, to get extra help or clarify something. Whatever the reason, having these extra communication channels certainly improves academic performance.
With DreamClass, teachers are able to contact students; sending personal emails, through the app, to each one of their students or to all students of their class, attaching files. Students, on the other hand, are not only able to contact their teachers; they can also send emails to their classmates.
2. Promote students’ autonomy with quick access to their performance data
Giving students some autonomy, whenever that’s feasible, has a great impact on learning. As a matter of fact, autonomy and access to information — as related to their studies — helps improve students’ engagement, motivation and sense of achievement. Therefore, it helps further improve academic performance.
But, how is this feasible with DreamClass? Well, in short, students are able to login to their portal and have information related to their studies at their fingertips. More specifically, they are able to view their timetables, tuition fees and payments — useful for private schools — along with performance data; all, available in their personal account. More importantly, as far as performance data are concerned, students are able to view this following information:
- gradebooks for all the classes they have been enrolled to, along with comments on grades, class averages etc.
- teachers’ assessments
- report cards, with grade summaries
3. Help teachers focus on improving their teaching methods, to improve academic performance
Teachers are, without a doubt, responsible for student performance. At least, to a considerable degree. However, apart from educational tasks — within or outside the class — that help in that direction, they’re also responsible for a host of time-consuming administrative tasks.
With DreamClass, you can help teachers save time; that is, time they may spend on important — but irrelevant to the educational process — administrative tasks. This way, they’ll be able to, unavoidably, focus on their educational methods. More specifically, teachers are able to save time by:
- Making the most out of gradebook templates and automated calculations
- Tracking attendance easily, using attendance forms that are automatically generated the moment a lesson was created.
4. Reduce students’ absenteeism by tracking and evaluating attendance data
Absenteeism is, without a doubt, a signal of poor performance, in most cases. To improve academic performance for all students, you need to have a clear understanding of attendance data .
With DreamClass, you get attendance summaries, for all of your classes and for each one of your students. Inspecting these ready-made attendance summaries, both administrators and teachers are able to take immediate action; or come up with strategic decisions, as to how they can help groups of students that show that behavior.
5. Easily create and share assessments with students
Teachers may use different ways to save the assessments they create. Be it on paper or with the help of digital docs, they create these assessments to keep track of their judgements on students’ performance. The problem with these approaches is that it’s difficult to streamline dissemination of this critical information.
With DreamClass, teachers are able to elaborate on students’ progress and share their feedback early on — and periodically. More specifically, they can add their assessment text on the ready-make forms and have them instantly shared with students and guardians.
Teachers are also able to create assessment resumes/transcripts to help students get a better understanding of their evaluation and work on it together, to improve performance.
6. Create notes on student performance and instantly share them with students
When teachers and administrators have access to tools that help them better track or communicate performance data, they can make well-informed decisions; such, that promote academic performance. Creating and instantly sharing digital notes is one of them.
With DreamClass, teachers and administrators are able to add notes on student profiles; and choose to make them visible to either students or respectively to administrators/teachers, or both. As a matter of fact, the information is potentially available to all interested parties. Apart from plain text, they’re also able to add color-coded tags; and name them in a way that makes sense per case, such as weekly performance updates etc. Notes, on a student’s profile, once created by administrators, can be visible by both teachers and/or students. In a similar fashion, notes on a student’s profile, created by teachers, can be visible by both administrators and/or students. It works in any direction!
Do you want to improve academic performance in your school?
Students with poor grades or students that encounter various challenges, should have their caring and responsible teachers on their side. With DreamClass, you can improve on different aspects of your school management , empowering both teachers and administrators to improve academic performance.
Make the most out of the functionality offered in DreamClass, for free! See the difference makes for your school, for yourself! Try it, today!
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- Does homework improve a student’s academic achievement?
- How does homework help students?
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As children, we were all reminded of the importance of doing our homework – and as college students, it seems even more vital to complete and turn in each assignment to achieve the best grade point average. However, does spending all that time doing your homework actually result in greater achievement? Or are you struggling to come up with the right answers on your own when you could be getting homework help – and learning just as much?
Elementary students
Research shows that in elementary school, homework does little more than help students build strong study habits – it makes no difference to academic performance. It’s likely that younger children aren’t as capable of tuning out the many distractions that come from doing schoolwork at home instead of at school, since they are used to home being a place for play and social interaction. Studies have also revealed that younger students can struggle more with homework assignments, as they haven’t yet learned how to effectively tackle projects on their own.
Middle school students
Once a student reaches middle school, studies show that any more than 90 minutes of homework each night results in diminishing returns. Practice assignments do help improve test scores, but doing regular homework throughout the semester doesn’t have as much of an impact as one might think, considering how often teachers send students home with additional work.
High school students
The link between homework and academic achievement is more significant for older students. Each academic course will likely provide students with approximately 30 minutes of daily homework – or more, for advanced placement and honors courses. Still, returns will begin to diminish after anywhere between 90 minutes to 2.5 hours of homework time.
For this reason, students are recommended to balance their course load, to ensure that they aren’t taking on too many intense academic courses in one semester. This will help keep their homework manageable.
College students
By the time a student starts college, they should have established solid study habits – and homework should be less of a challenge. However, it’s still important to maintain that balance between academics and other subjects, as well as extra-curricular activities. Students should aim to do around two hours of homework each day for optimum academic achievement. Any more than that, studies show an increased probability of diminished returns.
The impact of doing homework
Homework does provide significant value to students – primarily because it helps them build a strong work ethic, develop a sense of responsibility, and learn effective study skills. It also shows students how they can continue their learning outside of the school environment, and gives parents the chance to participate in their child’s education and evaluate their progress.
However, there are some detrimental impacts, as well. Too much homework can cause students to feel overwhelmed or bored with the subject matter, or it can keep students from investing time in leisure activities that could provide other valuable life lessons. Allowing parents to become involved can also lead to problems, like pressuring the child to succeed or offering information that conflicts with what was taught in class.
Solutions for students
While some amount of homework is certainly important to ensure academic success, students should focus on limiting the time they spend doing additional schoolwork at home. For college students who are overwhelmed by the volume of their assignments, online writing services could provide the ideal solution – allowing students to focus their allotted homework time on one or two assignments, while outsourcing some of their work to experienced professionals for extra homework help. This way, students will achieve the benefits of doing their homework and complete their assignments to the best of their ability.
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Many school district policies state that high school students should expect about 30 minutes of homework for each academic course they take, a bit more for honors or advanced placement courses. These recommendations are consistent with the conclusions reached by our analysis.
To be most effective—both in terms of instilling good study habits and building students' knowledge—homework assignments that boost learning should start in elementary school. Some argue that...
The Homework Literature Review stated that "excessive homework may impact negatively on student achievement" (2004, p.3). Apparently, if teachers give too much homework, students may be overwhelmed, not complete the homework and ultimately achieve nothing a result. Homework Can Be Beneficial; Yet Nothing Replaces What is Learned in The ...
Research from Johns Hopkins University found that an interactive homework process known as TIPS (Teachers Involve Parents in Schoolwork) improves student achievement: "Students in the TIPS group earned significantly higher report card grades after 18 weeks (1 TIPS assignment per week) than did non-TIPS students." [ 21]
The authors suggest that factors such as class participation and attendance may mitigate the association of homework to stronger grade performance. They also indicate the types of homework assignments typically given may work better toward standardized test preparation than for retaining knowledge of class material.
Practicing good study habits at home helps students improve their in-class performance, resulting in better grades and report cards. Source: Journal of Advanced Academics, "Developing Self-Regulation Skills: The Important Role of Homework," 2011. Homework allows parents to be involved with their children's learning.
While homework may help some students improve in specific subjects, if they have outside help there is no real proof that homework makes for improvements. It can be a challenge to really enforce the completion of homework, and students can still get decent grades without doing their homework.
It states, "Most educators agree that for children in grades K-2, homework is more effective when it does not exceed 10-20 minutes each day; older children, in grades 3-6, can handle 30-60 minutes a day; in junior and senior high, the amount of homework will vary by subject." Abstract Does Homework Improve Academic Achievement?
In short, Cooper suggests that through his analysis, homework is in fact beneficial to students. Not only can it have positive effects on overall grades, but it can also have other benefits such as developing responsible character traits, maturing cognitive capacities, fostering independent learning habits, and growing of good study habits.
6. Revision & Thorough Practice: Doing homework related to one topic is a great way of challenging your knowledge and recalling the things you learned from your teacher. This way, you get to revise what you study consistently. Homework helps you with thorough practice regularly which proves helpful during your exam time.
Homework plays a vital part in the academic performance at primary level and the transition from primary to secondary education. In the process of doing homework, students develop essential...
PaperHelp. This is a top-level platform for writing academic papers at student-friendly prices and strict adherence to deadlines. Essays, reports, help with homework, editing, programming ...
Research has shown that free reading, or allowing students to read whatever books they want, does improve their academic performance, Pope said. Some elementary school teachers assign free reading ...
Homework may improve academic skills among older students, especially lower-achieving students. However, homework also creates stress for students and parents, and reduces the amount of time that students can spend in other activities. Purposes A child completing their homework
Top 5 Homework Help Websites To Improve Academic Performance and Save Time | Benzinga Skip to main content Data & APIs Events Marketfy Premarket Prep Contribute Login Join News Earnings...
Proponents of homework argue that homework can help students achieve more than academic achievement. In addition to academic success, homework proponents argue that homework can have many other benefits. It is argued that this can help students develop appropriate study habits so that they are ready to expand as their cognitive abilities increase.
Does homework help improve academic performance? Ofcourse yes, homework plays a significant role to improve your academic performance. Homework is also necessary in every sphere of life to improve your academic performance. Do you want to know if college grades matter for jobs or not, click here.
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Homework at the primary school level has little impact on academic performance. Homework needs to be adapted for children with learning disabilities to ensure they obtain the same benefit from homework as their peers. Homework creates important study habits for students who experience a form of disadvantage.
The question that researchers explored in this study was how personality affects academic performance. Their basic hypothesis was that the effects of personality on academic performance are ...
Learning test-taking strategies. One of the most tangible ways that tutors can help their students improve their grades is by teaching them test-taking techniques and strategies. Knowledge and mastery of test-taking and problem-solving strategies positively correlate with performance on exams and reduction in test anxiety.
6 ways DreamClass helps you improve academic performance. Let's focus on things you can do, in practice. More specifically, we'll see how to work towards improving academic performance, by making the most out of the functionality you'll find in DreamClass; our student information system . 1. Improve communication between teachers and ...
The link between homework and academic achievement is more significant for older students. Each academic course will likely provide students with approximately 30 minutes of daily homework - or more, for advanced placement and honors courses. Still, returns will begin to diminish after anywhere between 90 minutes to 2.5 hours of homework time.