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Tá an chuid seo den suíomh idirlín ar fáil i mBéarla amháin i láthair na huaire.
Paying the Duty
- Details needed to file a return
- How do you pay Stamp Duty?
- Expression of doubt
- Stamp Certificates
- What happens if you file and pay late?
- Do you need to keep records?
Instruments that are chargeable
You must file a Stamp Duty return in order to pay Stamp Duty. You pay the Stamp Duty as part of the process of filing the return.
You need to file a Stamp Duty return to claim certain exemptions or reliefs from Stamp Duty. For more information, see Stamp Duty exemptions and reliefs .
Stamp Duty is chargeable on instruments that transfer property to you as a gift. For information on instruments that are chargeable, see When is an instrument liable to Stamp Duty? .
Instruments that are not chargeable
You do not file a return for an instrument that is not chargeable to Stamp Duty. Stamp Duty is not chargeable on instruments that transfer property:
- from a trustee or nominee to the beneficiary
- from the beneficial owner to a trustee or nominee of the same beneficial owner
- from one trustee or nominee to another trustee or nominee where there is no change in the beneficial owner.
Stamp Duty is not chargeable on instruments that transfer property to you under a will or on intestacy.
Rectifying mistake(s) found in instrument(s)
After the instrument has been executed, you may find a mistake in it. For example, there may be a mapping error or a typing error. The instrument may not correctly describe the property the parties had agreed to transfer.
Another instrument, usually called a Deed of Rectification, may be executed to correct the mistake. You should contact the Property Registration Authority if you require a Deed of Rectification.
Stamp Duty is not chargeable on Deeds of Rectification that only correct mistakes made in the original instrument. However, in certain circumstances, a Deed of Rectification will give rise to a Stamp Duty charge. For example, Stamp Duty is chargeable if the Deed of Rectification increases the consideration payable under the original instrument. In this case Stamp Duty is chargeable on the increase.
It may happen that an instrument is called a Deed of Rectification but it is actually an instrument that transfers property. If that is the case, Stamp Duty is chargeable.
John agreed to sell land to Mary for €100,000 in 2000. They signed a contract for sale on 4 June 2000. Mary paid over the €100,000 to John. However, no instrument transferring the land was executed. Mary commenced farming the land.
In October 2018, Mary realised that the land had never been transferred to her. An instrument was executed to transfer the land to her. The instrument is called a Deed of Rectification of Legal Title.
Mary believes that this deed is not liable to Stamp Duty. She is the beneficial owner of the land. The sole purpose of the deed was to allow her legal ownership of the land to be registered in the Land Registry. The deed is liable to Stamp Duty because it operates to transfer property on the sale of that property. It does not matter that the sale took place 18 years earlier.
Next: Details needed to file a return
Published: 30 December 2022 Please rate how useful this page was to you Print this page
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- Practical Law
Is stamp duty payable on a transfer of an equitable or beneficial interest in shares? What is the stampable document in such a case?
Practical law resource id a-124-9932 (approx. 3 pages).
- Stamp Duty and SDRT
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- No going back: the transfer of beneficial interests in land
UK Real Estate Insights Blog
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Introduction
English property law has developed a sophisticated system of property rights in land, to enable joint ownership of land and to regulate successive interests in the same land over a period of time. This was largely achieved by the recognition of an additional type of interest in land, separate from the legal title. An equitable interest could, in certain circumstances, be untethered from the legal title and become a separate right. This is seen most often in situations where two or more parties own land together. They are joint legal owners – both names will appear on the title register – but they also hold the entire beneficial interest on trust for each other.
The Hudson v Hathaway [2022] EWCA Civ 1648 case illustrates two things. The first is that giving away a beneficial interest is simply done and, once done, cannot be undone. The second is that putting your name at the bottom of an email can in certain circumstances be construed as a signature just as surely as one written on paper in “wet ink”.
This case involves residential property and a domestic situation but has equal significance for commercial property. A couple living together owned their house as joint tenants at law and in equity. The relationship broke up and one of the joint owners, Hudson, sent the other joint owner, Hathaway, an email, telling her that she could have the former family home (the “ Property ”) and any proceeds from its sale. On Hathaway seeking clarification of his intention, he repeated in a further email that she was to have the Property. Both emails, sent in 2013, had been signed by Hudson with his first name.
A dispute arose between Hudson and Hathaway , and eventually Hudson brought proceedings for a declaration as to what proportion of the Property belonged to each of them. The emails from 2013 remained forgotten until the case reached the Court of Appeal, where the point that Hudson had given away his beneficial interest in the Property was raised by the judge for the first time.
The Judgment
Amongst other matters (outside of the scope of this blog), it was held by the appeal judge that Hudson had already given away his share in the Property to Hathaway in the 2013 emails and was therefore not entitled to any beneficial interest in it. This meant that the substantial ground of appeal, both at trial and the first appeal was redundant.
- English law prescribes both how legal and equitable titles of interests in land are created and transferred. Failure to comply with any required formalities means that the intended action is not achieved. Executory contracts – agreements to do something with land in the future – must be in writing, incorporate all the terms and be signed by the parties. Common examples of executory contracts are agreements for lease and sale and purchase contracts. Actual transfer or creation of legal estates must be by deed and be perfected by registration at HM Land Registry.
- The creation and transfer of beneficial interests is governed by different legislation and can be effected by a written signature. They are unilateral actions; the transferee does not need to do anything (although, like any “gift” they can refuse to accept it). This had the unhappy result for Hudson that his offer of the Property by email operated at law entirely to deny him of any negotiating position he fancied he had.
- This is the first case that states that appending your first name to an email is a valid signature from the perspective of the legislation governing transmission and creation of beneficial interests. It also confirms that in certain circumstances an email signature is sufficient for the legislation relating to executory contracts of land.
The possibility of the power of emails to bind their writers in certain circumstances is now established by the Court of Appeal. This can apply even if a signature is applied automatically to e-mails, and as such, anyone involved in negotiations should always head their email appropriately (“subject to contract” or similar). Any dealings with equitable interests should be approached with particular caution, given that they can be undertaken unilaterally.
If you wish to receive periodic updates on this or other topics related to UK real estate, subscribe to our Real Estate Insights mailing list .
For any other legal questions related to UK real estate, please get in touch with your usual Mayer Brown contact or one of the blog editors.
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Stamp Taxes on Shares Manual
Stsm021010 - scope of stamp duty on shares: stamp duty: basics of a charge: overview.
Stamp Duty (SD) is charged on instruments (documents) that transfer on sale the beneficial interest in stock or marketable securities. The most common of these is the Stock Transfer Form (STF), but any document that completes an agreement to buy and sell stock or marketable securities falls within the SD charge. See STSM014010 for the rate of duty. The transfer of certain types of stock and marketable securities is exempt from charge, particularly types of loan stock falling within the provisions of Section 79 Finance Act 1986. See STSM021220 .
The creation or conversion of shares into bearer form must be notified to HMRC Stamp Taxes by forms B.1.1 and B.1.2. The B.1.2 attracts the SD charge. See STSM063010 for the rate of duty.
A transfer to a depositary (a service organisation, commonly a bank, which takes the legal ownership of the stock or marketable security and issues a receipt which entitles the holder to claim the stock or marketable security at will) is chargeable with SD. Any transfer to a depositary should be highlighted when presenting the document for stamping. See STSM014020 and STSM053010 for the rate of duty. (This content has been withheld because of exemptions in the Freedom of Information Act 2000)
A transfer to a clearance service (a system for holding securities and settling transactions in them by book entry) is chargeable with SD. Any transfer to a clearance service should be highlighted when presenting the document for stamping. See STSM014020 and STSM053010 for the rate of duty. (This content has been withheld because of exemptions in the Freedom of Information Act 2000)
There is the option for a clearance service to register with HMRC to collect SDRT on all book entry transactions within the service. This reverts the rate of duty to 0.5 per cent on the transfer to the service.
If the beneficial interest is transferred to someone who uses the same nominee, so that instead of a transfer document the nominee is advised that they now hold the stock or marketable security on behalf of someone else, it is the letter advising the nominee of the change (sometimes referred to as a letter of direction) which attracts the SD charge.
Agreements for the sale of stock or a marketable security do not attract SD but they do attract Stamp Duty Reserve Tax. But if an instrument of transfer is executed to complete the agreement, the appropriate stamping of that document will also discharge the SDRT liability on the agreement. See STSM012010 .
The amount of SD paid on any particular document can be seen by the impressed duty stamps on the document.
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Deed of Assignment for assigning beneficial interest in property
When can't you use a deed of assignment.
- Before you own the property - As you need to already own the property before you can assign the beneficial ownership you cannot use a deed of assignment on purchase. You should instead look to use a deed of trust as your declaration that you own the property in unequal shares. Click to read what is included in a deed of trust .
- If you own the property as joint tenants - Joint tenants have equal rights to the whole property and as such can't assign any part of it - you co-own it 100% together. To assign an equitable interest to someone else you would need to sever the joint tenancy and change the legal title to tenants in common. Click here to read how to change from joint tenants to tenants in common or call us on 0333 344 3234 (local call charges apply).
Is a deed of assignment suitable for a Form 17 declaration?
Deed of assignment format, why do a deed of assignment instead of a transfer of equity, can you assign 100% of the beneficial interest.
Transfer of Equity Process
Floating Deed of Trust - A variable beneficial interest
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- Is stamp duty reserve tax (SDRT) payable on the transfer of a beneficial interest in shares where the legal interest is not being transferred?
The following Tax Q&A produced in partnership with Mary Ashley of Old Square Tax Chambers provides comprehensive and up to date legal information covering:
The principal charge to SDRT arises when:
an unconditional agreement (whether oral or written) to transfer chargeable securities for consideration (or, in certain circumstances where either of the SDRT market value rules applies, deemed consideration) in money or money's worth is entered into (ie usually when the agreement is signed), or
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Old Square Tax Chambers
I have extensive experience advising in all areas of personal taxation. I have recently advised on SDLT, inheritance tax, capital gains tax, domicile, de-enveloping, the variation of trusts and off-shore trusts. I am the co-author of the 11th edition of Taxation of Charities and Non-Profit Organisations.
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Key definition:
Stamp duty definition, what does stamp duty mean.
A transfer tax payable on documents and instruments, rather than in respect of a transaction. It is most commonly encountered on the transfer of UK certificated shares, where the stock transfer form is the instrument that is stamped.
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Changes in beneficial ownership of property without changing legal ownership
A transfer of an equitable estate or interest in land or a transaction that results in a change in the beneficial ownership of land attracts duty at the same rates as a transfer of full legal title to land.
Transfer of an equitable estate or interest in land
Under the Duties Act 2000 (the Act), dutiable property is defined to include an estate in fee-simple in land in Victoria. It is also defined to include an 'interest' in any dutiable property. This means that the transfer of an equitable estate or interest in land is chargeable with duty in the same way as a land transfer.
Transactions resulting in a change in the beneficial ownership of land
Duty is also payable on a transaction that results in a change in the beneficial ownership of dutiable property (other than a transaction involving units in a unit trust scheme). In this context, the expression 'beneficial ownership' has a wide meaning and extends beyond merely equitable ownership (see Woodfield Constructions v Commissioner of State Revenue (Taxation) [2005] VCAT 2518 ).
For the purposes of the Act, beneficial ownership includes ownership of dutiable property by a person as trustee of a trust. It also includes the interest a person may have in a fixed trust or joint venture that owns land in Victoria.
From 14 June 2018, the Act also deems a partner in a partnership to have beneficial ownership of each item of partnership property in the same proportion as their interest in the partnership. Therefore, transactions in partnership structures such as a transfer of a partnership interest or the retirement of a partner resulting in the enlargement of the other partner's interests in the partnership will be dutiable where partnership property includes dutiable property.
A change in the capacity in which a person holds dutiable property is a change in beneficial ownership transaction that is liable for duty under the Act (see Rakmy Pty Ltd v Commissioner of State Revenue [2017] VSC 237 ).
Other examples of transactions that result in a change in the beneficial ownership of dutiable property (land in Victoria) held under a fixed trust, joint venture and trust partnership structure follow.
Fixed trust
ABC Pty Ltd as trustee of the ABC Trust owns land in Victoria. The ABC Trust is a fixed trust with three named beneficiaries each identified as being entitled to a certain proportion of the trust and trust fund - Mr Green as to 20%, Mr White as to 30% and Black Pty Ltd as to 50%. Under the terms of the trust, ABC Pty Ltd is bound to distribute the trust’s income and capital to the beneficiaries in the stated proportions.
One of the beneficiaries, Mr White, wishes to dispose of his interest and has offered it for sale to Black Pty Ltd, being one of the other beneficiaries. Black Pty Ltd accepts Mr White’s offer and the sale/purchase of the interest is effected through a contract of sale and a deed of assignment.
As the purchaser, Black Pty Ltd has acquired a beneficial interest in Victorian land and is required to lodge the deed of assignment and pay duty. As with all land transfers, duty is calculated by reference to the greater of the consideration paid and the unencumbered value of the interest in the land.
Joint venture
Companies A, B and C have entered into a joint venture agreement (JV Agreement) to acquire and develop land in Victoria through an associate company, Z Pty Ltd. Under the terms of the JV Agreement, Z Pty Ltd has agreed to act as nominee and hold the JV assets in the proportions the parties have agreed to fund the purchase and development of the land - Company A as to 50% and Companies B and C as to 25% each.
Due to Company C failing to make a milestone payment towards the development of the land, Companies A and B have exercised their preemptive rights under the JV Agreement and acquired in equal share Company C’s interest in the joint venture. Other than trustee minutes approving the terms of the sale and the acquisition of the interest, no instrument is executed by the parties to effect the transaction.
As the arrangement results in Companies A and B’s beneficial ownership in the JV land increasing, they together are taken to have acquired a 25% beneficial interest in the land. Duty is calculated by reference to the greater of the consideration paid for the transaction and the unencumbered value of the interest in the land.
Partnership structure
ABC Pty Ltd, as bare trustee and nominee of the Land Partnership, owns a property in Melbourne with an unencumbered value of $4 million. The deed establishing the Land Partnership shows that the capital of the partnership is held equally by D Pty Ltd, E Pty Ltd, F Pty Ltd and G Pty Ltd. The deed also provides that the manager of the partnership, being ABC Pty Ltd, holds the property of the partnership in its name in trust for the partners as an entirety and will deal with that property as directed by them. The liabilities of the Land Partnership are $2 million.
Due to a realignment of business interests, D Pty Ltd wishes to leave the partnership and offers to sell its 25% interest to a new partner, Z Pty Ltd. Consequently, an agreement to sell the partnership interest is entered into between D Pty Ltd and Z Pty Ltd.
From 14 June 2018, for the purposes of the Act, Z Pty Ltd is taken to acquire 25% beneficial ownership of the land of the Land Partnership from D Pty Ltd under the transaction. Therefore, there will be dutiable transaction consisting of a change in beneficial ownership in the land with a dutiable value of $1 million (i.e. 25% of $4 million).
Liability and lodgement requirements
The transferee, being the person who obtained the beneficial ownership or whose beneficial ownership increased, is taken to have completed a dutiable transaction and is liable for duty.
Where a written instrument such as a transfer of land, declaration of trust or Deed of Assignment is executed, the dutiable transaction should be lodged via Duties Online for SRO determination (Electronic Lodgement). If the change in beneficial ownership transaction is not affected by a written instrument, the transferee should contact the State Revenue Office by email to arrange lodgement. Similar to a transfer of land, duty is payable by reference to the greater of the:
- consideration (if any) for the dutiable transaction, and
- unencumbered value of the dutiable property.
Please refer to our summary of current duty rates for further guidance.
Acquisitions in partnership structures prior to 14 June 2018
Prior to the amendments to the Act that came into effect on 14 June 2018, some transactions in partnerships may not have given rise to a duty liability (see Commissioner of State Revenue v Danvest Pty Ltd and Bullhusq Pty Ltd [2017] VSCA 382 ).
Danvest considered whether the acquisition of a partnership interest in a partnership, the property of which included land in Victoria held by a manager as nominee on behalf of the partners, amounted to a presently existing equitable proprietary interest in that land and therefore gave rise to a liability to duty under the Duties Act 2000 (the Act).
The court held that it did not. It found that the interest acquired was not a vested proprietary interest in any specific property of the partnership but was an equitable chose in action, being a right to a proportion of surplus assets, as a mere expectancy, on the dissolution of the partnership. The interest acquired was not an “interest in an estate in fee simple” within the meaning of the Act.
From 14 June 2018, this case no longer applies to partnership transactions in Victoria as the Act has been amended to deem a partner in a partnership to have beneficial ownership of each item of partnership property in the same proportion as their interest in the partnership.
Furthermore, there may be other circumstances in which the partners of a partnership would be considered to have a vested proprietary interest in partnership property, such that the acquisition of a partnership interest would nevertheless have given rise to a liability for duty under the Act prior to 14 June 2018. For example, where a partnership deed, or a subsequent partnership reconstitution deed, states that a custodian holds partnership property on bare trust for the partners, this constitutes an agreement between the partners and the custodian that the partners each have a presently existing beneficial interest in partnership property. Therefore, an acquisition of a partnership interest in such a partnership prior to 14 June 2018 would be liable for duty (i.e. the principle in Danvest would not apply).
In addition, where a partnership ceased prior to 14 June 2018 because one partner bought out the interests of the other partner or partners, the remaining partner will have acquired beneficial ownership of all the partnership assets, including any dutiable property in Victoria. In such a case, even though the partnership interests acquired are less than 100%, duty would be payable on 100% of all the dutiable property of the partnership. This is because, prior to 14 June 2018, the partners were considered not to have beneficial ownership of partnership assets while the partnership was in place (i.e. the principle in Danvest applied to the arrangement). This means that when the partnership ceased the remaining partner acquired 100% of the beneficial ownership of all property of the partnership.
A transfer of land involving the removal or addition of one or more partners to a partnership where the partners hold the land directly is (and always was) dutiable as a transfer of dutiable property, unless an exemption applies.
With respect to the treatment of offshore interests, the particular circumstances of the matter and the nature of the partnership or entity involved will determine whether duty is payable. In some circumstances the partnership might be a company or unit trust for landholder duty purposes. In other circumstances, the partnership may be a linked entity.
Note: The amendment applies to partnerships in existence before 14 June 2018 as well as those established on or after that date. For the purposes of any objection under the Taxation Administration Act 1997 , the State Revenue Office will apply the law in force at the time of the relevant dutiable transaction.
© State of Victoria (State Revenue Office)
Stamp Duty Land Tax: transfer ownership of land or property in England and Northern Ireland
You might think Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) is a one-off payment when you buy a home and it will never have to be paid on that property again. But if the owner transfers all or part of the property, then there might be SDLT to pay. In this guide, you’ll find out when SDLT might and might not be due.
What’s in this guide
When might stamp duty become payable, when stamp duty will be due, when might stamp duty not be payable.
For residential transactions Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) might be due if for example:
- all or part of the ownership of a property is transferred to you, and
- the value of what is being transferred is over the SDLT threshold.
If you’re buying a residential property in England or Northern Ireland and are interested in knowing more about Stamp Duty when purchasing a home, please read our guide Stamp Duty – everything you need to know
The SDLT nil rate band in England and Northern Ireland is £250,000 (as of 23 September 2022). This will remain in place until 31 March 2025.
How much SDLT you pay depends on what is called the chargeable consideration.
The chargeable consideration is the price paid for the property including any fixtures and fittings. This might involve a cash payment, taking on liability for all or part of the outstanding mortgage or a combination of both.
However, it can include anything of monetary value, such as offering to pay legal fees or transferring other assets, like land or other properties, as part of the deal.
The following are examples of when SDLT might be due when transferring or gifting land or property in England and Northern Ireland.
You might need to pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) when all or part of an interest in land or property is transferred to you and you give anything of monetary value in exchange (the chargeable consideration).
Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) might be due if the chargeable consideration is over the new £250,000 threshold.
For your main property, SDLT is charged at 5% between £250,001 and £925,000, 10% between £925,001 and £1.5 million and 12% on anything above £1.5 million.
You have 14 days, unless exempt, to submit a residential Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) return, and pay any SDLT due, normally within 14 days of completion.
If this is a second property, or a buy-to-let, then you will pay an additional 3% on all the relevant bands if it’s worth more than £40,000.
If you do need to pay SDLT, then you will usually still need to complete an SDLT return unless the transaction is exempt – for example this might be because no money or other payment has changed hands.
Find out more about submitting your SDLT return online at GOV.UK
Stamp duty calculator.
Find out how much SDLT you might have to pay with our Stamp Duty calculator
Transfer of equity within the SDLT threshold
A transfer of equity means a change in legal ownership of a property. It will often take place where a borrower is added to or released from a mortgage. How much SDLT you pay will depend on the circumstances of the property transfer.
Joint owners (including unmarried couples) might agree to transfer the ownership of a property they own together to just one of them. For example, an unmarried couple who are splitting up with one taking sole ownership may need to pay SDLT on the total chargeable consideration.
For example, a house is valued at £200,000 with £100,000 outstanding on the mortgage and £100,000 in equity.
The person taking ownership:
- pays the other £50,000 for the other half of the £100,000 equity that is left in the property and
- becomes responsible for the other half of the remaining mortgage, which is £50,000 (assuming the property is owned in equal shares).
This gives a chargeable consideration of £100,000.
Where an individual has taken ownership of equity in a property which has a mortgage, Stamp Duty will usually be payable if the chargeable consideration is above the current threshold of £250,000. In this situation the person taking ownership would have to pay no SDLT.
Transfers of equity over the SDLT threshold
The owner of a property worth £700,000, with an outstanding mortgage of £600,000, gets married.
They transfer half of the property to their partner, who takes on responsibility for half of the mortgage.
The person receiving the transfer has a chargeable consideration of £300,000, which is over the SDLT threshold.
The new owner will have an SDLT liability of £2,500 (0% of £250,000 and 5% of £50,000).
If there is an unequal split
If joint owners split a property unequally and the person with the larger share compensates the other, this compensation might be liable for SDLT, if it’s above the £250,000 threshold.
For example, a two-floor house is split into two apartments, but the ground floor apartment has sole-access to the garden. Because of this, the ground floor flat is worth more and the owner of this part of the property financially compensates the other.
If this compensation is above £250,000 the person being compensated will have to pay SDLT on the amount over the threshold and submit an SDLT return
However, if the owner decides not to compensate the other, or it’s given as a gift, there is no consideration and no SDLT to pay.
If the transfer is a gift
If the transfer is a gift and there’s no consideration, SDLT doesn’t normally apply.
A gift is different from a transfer as there is no transfer of monetary value. This means the person receiving the property pays no cash for their share, takes on no liability for the mortgage and offers no asset in exchange, so there is no chargeable consideration.
For example, a homeowner gets married, enters a civil partnership or moves in with their partner and decides to transfer half of the property to their partner. If the partner does not pay anything in cash for this and does not take on legal liability for any outstanding mortgage, then this is a gift and is not subject to SDLT.
Find out more about transferring property as a gift at GOV.UK
If you inherit the property in a will.
If you inherit land or property under the terms of a will, there’s no need to tell HMRC and you won’t normally have to pay SDLT provided no other consideration has been given. This applies even if you take on an outstanding mortgage on the property on the date the person died.
If you transfer ownership of a property because of divorce, separation or the end of a civil partnership
You won’t normally have to pay SDLT if you transfer an interest in land or property to your partner as part of an agreement or court order because you’re either:
- dissolving a civil partnership.
This also applies if the partners either:
- annul their marriage
- legally separate.
In these cases, you don’t need to tell HMRC about the transfer, even if the value is more than the SDLT threshold.
If joint owners are unmarried and not in a civil partnership when they transfer an interest in land or property from one joint owner to another then you might have to pay SDLT.
If you’re dividing up a jointly-owned property if you’re not married or in a civil partnership
If two or more people own a property jointly, either as joint tenants or tenants in common and ownership is divided equally, then SDLT is not normally payable.
Where a property transfer results in unequal ownership or one person takes over ownership of the entire property and pays cash or some other form of consideration in exchange which is over the current SDLT threshold then tax may be payable.
House buying extra costs
- Homebuyer surveys and costs
- Council Tax: what it is, what it costs and how to save money
- The cost of buying a house and moving
- Stamp Duty Land Tax transfer ownership of land or property in England and Northern Ireland
- Contract exchange and completion when buying a home
- Land and Buildings Transaction Tax
- Land Transaction Tax
- Stamp Duty – Everything you need to know
- Find the right solicitor or conveyancer
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Mary believes that this deed is not liable to Stamp Duty. She is the beneficial owner of the land. The sole purpose of the deed was to allow her
Is stamp duty due upon the sale of the equity/whole beneficial interest in shares? Or would the stamp duty only be payable on a subsequent
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They are joint legal owners – both names will appear on the title register – but they also hold the entire beneficial interest on trust for
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The objective is similar to that of a deed of trust as it allows joint owners to share the beneficial interest in property in a tax efficient
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You might need to pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) when all or part of an interest in land or property is transferred to you and you give anything of monetary