case study questions from control and coordination

Case Study Questions Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination

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CBSE Board Exam is on the way, so you must practice some good Case Studies and Passage Based Questions of Class 10 Science to boost your preparation to score 95+% on Boards. In this post, you will get Case Study Questions Class 10 Science Board Exams.

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In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on Assertion and Reason. There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.

Control and Coordination Case Study Questions With Answers

Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 10 Science  Chapter 7 Control and Coordination

Case Study/Passage-Based Questions

Case Study 1: Control and coordination are vital processes in living organisms that enable them to respond to their environment and maintain internal balance. In humans, the nervous system and the endocrine system work together to carry out these functions. The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, and it transmits signals through electrical impulses. The endocrine system, on the other hand, consists of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream, which regulate various bodily functions. The coordination between the nervous system and the endocrine system ensures the proper functioning of different organs and systems in the body. The nervous system allows for rapid responses, while the endocrine system enables long-term regulation. Understanding control and coordination helps us comprehend the mechanisms behind reflex actions, voluntary actions, and the response to external stimuli.

What are control and coordination processes responsible for? a) Maintaining internal balance in living organisms b) Regulating bodily functions c) Transmitting signals through electrical impulses d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above

Which systems work together to carry out control and coordination in humans? a) Nervous system and immune system b) Nervous system and respiratory system c) Nervous system and endocrine system d) Nervous system and digestive system Answer: c) Nervous system and endocrine system

What is the role of the nervous system in control and coordination? a) Secreting hormones into the bloodstream b) Transmitting signals through electrical impulses c) Regulating various bodily functions d) Maintaining internal balance Answer: b) Transmitting signals through electrical impulses

What is the role of the endocrine system in control and coordination? a) Transmitting signals through electrical impulses b) Regulating various bodily functions c) Maintaining internal balance d) Carrying out rapid responses Answer: b) Regulating various bodily functions

What is the advantage of the coordination between the nervous system and the endocrine system? a) Rapid responses b) Long-term regulation c) Reflex actions d) Voluntary actions Answer: b) Long-term regulation

Case Study 2: To carry out a simple function such as eating food there has to be coordination of the eyes, hands, and mouth. The eyes have to focus on the food, the hands have to pick it up and take it to the mouth where it will be chewed. All these actions have to be coordinated in such a manner that they follow a particular sequence and the action is completed. A similar mechanism is also needed for internal functions of the body. This function is carried out by the nervous system. It is composed of (a) Specialised cells which can detect, receive and transmit different kinds of stimuli. These are called neurons. (b) Nerve fibres which are certain bundles of extended processes of nerve cells.

The individuals also have to adjust to the changing conditions around them and vary their responses. At the same time, the internal conditions of the body should be maintained constant. This is called homeostasis. The internal conditions of the body are maintained at a constant by controlling the physiology of the organisms.

(i) What will the correct sequence in which conduction of information through nerves take place? (ii) How homeostasis is said to maintain the equilibrium of the body? (iii) What function does the central nervous system perform? (iv) What happens when the dendrite tip of a nerve cell receives a signal?

Answer: (i) Dendrites → Cell body → Axon → Nerve endings at the tip of axon → Synapse → Dendrite of next neuron (ii) Homeostasis helps in keeping the constant internal environment within a cell or a body and hence maintains the equilibrium of the body. (iii) The central nervous system is comprised of the brain and the spinal cord which process the information received from the receptors on/in the body. (iv) Upon receiving a signal, the dendrite tip of a nerve cell sets off a chemical reaction which creates an electrical impulse in the them.

Hope the information shed above regarding Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination with Answers Pdf free download has been useful to an extent. If you have any other queries about CBSE Class 10 Science Control and Coordination Case Study and Passage Based Questions with Answers, feel free to comment below so that we can revert back to us at the earliest possible. By Team Study Rate

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Case Study Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination

• Last modified on: 1 year ago
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Question 1:

Read the case/passage and answer the questions given below.

To carry out a simple function such as eating food there has to be coordination of the eyes, hands and the mouth. The eyes have to focus on the food, the hands have to pick it up and take it to the mouth where it will be chewed. All these actions have to be coordinated in such a manner that they follow a particular sequence and the action is completed. A similar mechanism is also needed for internal functions of the body. This function is carried out by the nervous system. It is composed of (a) Specialised cells which can detect, receive and transmit different kinds of stimuli. These are called neurons. (b) Nerve fibres which are certain bundles of extended processes of nerve cells.

The individuals also have to adjust to the changing conditions around them and vary their responses. At the same time, the internal conditions of the body should be maintained constant. This is called homeostasis. The internal conditions of the body are maintained at a constant by controlling the physiology of the organisms.

(i) What will the correct sequence in which conduction of information through nerves take place? (ii) How homeostasis is said to maintain the equilibrium of the body? (iii) What function does the central nervous system perform? (iv) What happens when the dendrite tip of a nerve cell receives a signal?

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Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Case Based Questions - Control and Coordination

Case study - 1.

In animals, such control and coordination are provided by nervous and muscular tissues. Touching a hot object is an urgent and dangerous situation for us. We need to detect it, and respond to it. How do we detect that we are touching a hot object? All information from our environment is detected by the specialised tips of some nerve cells. These receptors are usually located in our sense organs, such as the inner ear, the nose, the tongue, and so on. So gustatory receptors will detect taste while olfactory receptors will detect smell.

Q1: What are the parts of neuron? Ans: Dendrite, nucleus, axon, nerve ending and a cell body. Q2: Which part of neuron receive the information first? Ans: Dendritic tip receive the information first. Q3: At which place the electrical impulse get converted to a chemical impulse? Ans:  At synapse or a gap between nerve ending and a dendritic tip. Q4: What is neuromuscular junction? Ans:  The neuromuscular is made up of two words neuron & muscles, so it is the place where neuron and muscle fibre meet.

Case Study - 2

Body consists of dense networks of intricately arranged neurons. It sits in the forward end of the skull, and receives signals from all over the body which it thinks about before responding to them. Obviously, in order to receive these signals, this thinking part of the brain in the skull must be connected to nerves coming from various parts of the body.

Q1: What is reflex? Ans: It is the sudden action done in response to something in the environment. Q2: How does the nervous tissue cause action? Ans:  When a nerve impulse  reaches the muscles, the muscles fibres move by changing their shape and their arrangements in the cell. Q3: What is the function of the motor neuron? Ans:  It transmits the impulses from spinal cord to skeletal muscles. Q4: What is reflex arc? Ans: It is the neural pathway that controls reflex starting from a sensory neuron and end at effector. Q5: What is the role of sensory neuron? Ans: It carry signals from outer part of body to central nervous system.

Case Study - 3

We also think about our actions. Writing, talking, moving a chair, clapping at the end of a programme are examples of voluntary actions which are based on deciding what to do next. So, the brain also has to send messages to muscles. This is the second way in which the nervous system communicates with the muscles. The communication between the central nervous system and the other parts of the body is facilitated by the peripheral nervous system consisting of cranial nerves arising from the brain and spinal nerves arising from the spinal cord. The brain thus allows us to think and take actions based on that thinking.

Q1: What are the three major parts of the brain? Ans:  Forebrain, Midbrain and hindbrain. Q2: What are the function of medulla? Ans:  It controls all the involuntary action such as blood pressure, salivation, vomiting, etc. Q3: Which fluid is present in our brain? Ans:  Cerebrospinal fluid. Q4: What is the function of hypothalamus? Ans:  It regulates homeostasis, releases hormones. Q5: What is the function of mid brain? Ans: The mid brain connects the forebrain and hindbrain.

Case Study - 4

Some plants like the pea plant climb up other plants or fences by means of tendrils. These tendrils are sensitive to touch. When they come in contact with any support, the part of the tendril in contact with the object does not grow as rapidly as the part of the tendril away from the object. This causes the tendril to circle around the object and thus cling to it. More commonly, plants respond to stimuli slowly by growing in a particular direction. Because this growth is directional, it appears as if the plant is moving.

Q1: How many type of tropism are shown by plants? Name them. Ans:  Generally there are 6 type of tropism namely phototropism, gravitropism, chemotropism, thigmotropism, thermotropism and hydrotropism. Q2: The touch me not plant is an example of which tropism? Ans: It is an example of thigmotropism. Q3: Give one example of chemotropism? Ans: Growth of pollen tubes to wheels is one example of chemotropism. Q4: Name the plants hormone which promotes cell division? Ans:  Cytokinins promotes cell division in plants. Q5: Name the plant hormone which inhibits growth? Ans:  Abscisic acid

Case Study - 5

If the body design in the squirrel relied only on electrical impulses via nerve cells, the range of tissues instructed to prepare for the coming activity would be limited. On the other hand, if a chemical signal were to be sent as well, it would reach all cells of the body and provide the wideranging changes needed. This is done in many animals, including human beings, using a hormone called adrenaline that is secreted from the adrenal glands.

Q1: Which is the target organ for the adrenaline hormone? Ans: Heart is the target organ for the adrenaline hormone which increases the heartbeat rate. Q2: Which hormone is released by thyroid gland? Ans:  Thyroxine is released by thyroid gland. Q3: What is the function of thyroxine hormone? Ans: It regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism in the body and promote the best balance for growth. Q4: Name the hormone released by ovary? Ans:  Estrogen and progesterone Q5: Name the three hormonal glands located in the brain? Ans:  Pineal, pituitary and hypothalamus

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CBSE Class 10 Biology Control and Coordination Important Questions and Answers for 2023

All important cbse class 10 biology control and coordination questions, with answers, that could be asked in cbse class 10 science board exam 2023..

CBSE Class 10 Biology Control and Coordination Important Questions and Answers: This article will cover the important question and answers of the second chapter Control and Coordination under the unit World of Living. Although students will commonly find this as the seventh chapter in various resource materials, according to the latest syllabus by CBSE, it is Chapter 6 Control and Coordination.

Living organisms use systems that provide them control and coordination. In fact, in multicellular organisms, specialised tissues and systems provide these control and coordination to help them perform daily activities.

Chapter 7 Control and Coordination covers topics such as Tropic movements in plants; Introduction of plant hormones; Control and co-ordination in animals: Nervous system; Voluntary, involuntary and reflex action; Chemical co-ordination: animal hormones.

Important Questions from CBSE Class 10 Biology Control and Coordination

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Q.1. Which of the following statements is correct about receptors?

(a) Gustatory receptors detect taste while olfactory receptors detect smell

(b) Both gustatory and olfactory receptors detect smell

(c) Auditory receptors detect smell and olfactory receptors detect taste

(d) Olfactory receptors detect taste and gustatory receptors smell

• partly in A and B each

Q 3. In a synapse, chemical signal is transmitted from

(a) dendritic end of one neuron to axonal end of another neuron

(b) axon to cell body of the same neuron

(c) cell body to axonal end of the same neuron

(d) axonal end of one neuron to dendritic end of another neuron

Q.4. A doctor advised a person to take an injection of insulin because——-.

A) His blood pressure was low

B) His heart was beating slowly

C) He was suffering from goitre

D) His sugar level in blood was high

5. Which is the correct sequence of the components of a reflex arc?

(a) Receptors → Muscles → Sensory neuron → Motor neuron → Spinal cord

(b) Receptors → Motor neuron → Spinal cord → Sensory neuron → Muscle

(c) Receptors → Spinal cord → Sensory neuron → Motor neuron → Muscle

(d) Receptors → Sensory neuron → Spinal cord → Motor neuron → Muscle

• Muscles - receptor – brain
• Muscles - effector – brain
• Receptor - spinal cord – muscles
• Spinal cord - receptor – muscles

7. Posture and balance of the body is controlled by

(a) cerebrum 

(b) cerebellum 

(c) medulla 

Q.8. Damage of cerebellum will mostly affect the career of :

A) architect

C) librarian

Q.9. The movement of shoot towards light is

(a) geotropism 

(b) hydrotropism 

(c) chemotropism 

(d) phototropism

• Gibberellins
• Abscisic acid

Q.11. Which of the following is not associated with growth of plant?

(a) Auxin 

(b) Gibberellins 

(c) Cytokinins 

(d) Abscisic acid

12.The plant hormone which is essential for cell division is

(A) Ethylene

(C) Gibberellin

(D) Cytokinin

Q.13. Choose the incorrect statement about insulin

(a) It is produced from pancreas 

(b) It regulates growth and development of the body

(c) It regulates blood sugar level 

(d) Insufficient secretion of insulin will cause diabetes

Q.14. The gap between two neurons is known as ___.

(A) synapse

(B) synopsis

(C) impulse

(D) synaptic node

Q.15. The shape of guard cells changes due to change in the

(a) protein composition of cells 

(b) temperature of cells

(c) amount of water in cells 

(d) position of nucleus in the cells

Q.17.The growth of pollen tubes towards ovules is due to

(a) hydrotropism 

(b) chemotropism 

(c) geotropism 

18. In a synapse, chemical signal is transmitted from

(A) dendritic end of one neuron to axonal end of another neuron

(B) axon to cell body of the same neuron

(C) cell body to axonal end of the same neuron

(D) axonal end of one neuron to dendritic end of another neuron

Q.19. The substance that triggers the fall of mature leaves and fruits from plants is due to

(a) auxin 

(b) gibberellin 

(c) abscisic acid 

(d) cytokinin

• hypothalamus

ASSERTION AND REASON TYPE QUESTIONS

Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(c) A is true but R is false.

(d) A is false but R is true.

Q.1. Assertion (A) : Insulin regulates blood sugar level.

Reason (R) : Insufficient secretion of insulin will cause diabetes.

Q.2. Assertion(A): A growing plant appears to bend towards the direction of light

Reason (R) : The plant hormone auxin diffuses towards the shady side of the root.

Q.3. Assertion (A) : The effect of auxin hormone on the growth of root is exactly opposite to that on a stem.

Reason (R) : Auxin hormone increases the rate of growth in root and decreases the rate of growth in stem.

Q.4. Assertion(A) : The use of iodised salt prevents risk of goitre.

Reason (R) : Iodised salt provides iodine needed by thyroid gland to make sufficient thyroxin for our body.

Q.5. Assertion (A) : The brain is also known as the central nervous system.

Reason (R) : Central nervous system controls and regulates the voluntary actions.

Q.6. Assertion (A) : Animals can react to stimuli in different ways.

Reason (R) : All animals have a nervous system and an endocrine system involving hormones.

Q.7. Assertion (A) : A receptor is a specialized group of cells in a sense organ that perceive a particular type of stimulus.

Reason (R) : Different sense organs have different receptors for detecting stimuli.

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

2. Write the name and functions of any two parts of the human hind-brain.

3. Which part of the nervous system controls reflex arcs?

5. Name the sensory receptors found in the nose and on the tongue.

6. List two body functions that will be affected if the cerebellum gets damaged.

7. Which gland secretes growth hormone in human beings?

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

Q.1. Name the hormones secreted by the following endocrine glands and specify one function of each:

(a)Thyroid (b) Pituitary (c) Pancreas

Q.2. Write one example each of the following tropic movements :

(i) Positive phototropism (ii) Negative phototropism

(iii) Positive geotropism (iv) Negative geotropism

(v) Hydrotropism (vi) Chemotropism

Q.3. (a) An old man is advised by his doctor to take less sugar in his diet. Name the disease from which the man is suffering. Mention the hormone due to imbalance of which he is suffering from this disease. Which endocrine gland secretes this hormone?

(b) Name the endocrine gland which secretes growth hormone. What will be its effect on a person if there is: (i) Deficiency of growth hormones (ii) Excess secretion of growth hormones?

Q.4. What is Chemotropism? Give one example. Name any two plant hormones and mention their functions.

Q.5. (a) Name the part of brain which controls: (i) voluntary action (ii) involuntary action.

(b) What is the significance of the peripheral nervous system? Name the components of this nervous system and distinguish between the origin of the two.

Q.6. How does chemical coordination occur in plants? Explain with the help of three examples.

7. Draw and label a Neuron. Explain how it carries messages.

LONG ANSWER QUESTION

Q.1. a) Name chemical messenger of endocrine glands responsible for changes taking place in the body

b) Mention the gland which produces adrenalin and write its function

c) Name two phytohormones

2. Give the function(s) of the following plant hormones:

a. Auxins b. Gibberellins c. Cytokinins d. Abscisic acid e. Ethylene

Q 3. Smita’s father was complaining about frequent urination, pain in legs and a frequent weight loss to Smita’s mother and she discussed the things with her daughter when Smita returned from school. Listening to this Smita told her mother that her father should go and visit a doctor immediately. The doctor diagnosed that Smita’s father was having an elevated level of blood glucose. He should take care of his diet and should exercise regularly to maintain his normal glucose level.

On the basis of the text, answer the following questions:

(i) Name the disease he is suffering from and name the hormone whose deficiency causes it.

(ii) Identify the gland that secretes it and mention the function of this hormone.

(iii) Explain how the time and amount of secretion of this hormone is regulated in human system.

4. Mention one function for each of these hormones.

i) Thyroxine

ii) Insulin

iii) Estrogen

iv) Growth hormone

v) Testosterone.

CASE STUDY QUESTION

1 The human brain is a 3- pound (1.4-kilogram) mass of jelly-like fats and tissues—yet it'sthe most complex of all known living structures The human brain is more complex than any other known structure in the universe. Weighing in at three pounds, on average, this spongy mass of fat and protein is made up of two overarching types of cells—called glia and neurons— and it contains many billions of each. Neurons are notable for their branch-like projections called axons and dendrites, which gather and transmit electrochemical signals. Different types of glial cells provide physical protection to neurons and help keep them, and the brain, healthy. Together, this complex network of cells gives rise to every aspect of our shared humanity. We could not breathe, play, love, or remember without the brain.

1) Animals such as elephants, dolphins, and whales actually have larger brains, but humans have the most developed cerebrum. It's packed to capacity inside our skulls and is highly folded. Why our brain is highly folded?

• b) Learning

3) Which among these protects our brain?

a)Neurotransmitter

b) Cerebrospinal fluid

d) Grey matter

i) a, b & c

ii)b & c

iii)c & d

iv) b,c&d

• Humans respond to changes in their surrounding environment. The changes are known as _

a. activity

d. coordination

2. You close your eyes when your friend point the torchlight towards your eye. Which sensory organ is involved?

3. A baby cries when hears the thunder. What is the stimulus that is involved?

4. Based on the situation below, which situation shown human respond to stimuli?

I- A boy pulls his hand when touching a hot object.

II- A girl is reading a book.

III- A girl closes her ear when hearing the thunder.

IV- A boy is walking to school.

a. I and III

b. I and IV

c. II and III

d.II and IV

• A change in the environment that causes a reaction 
• Something you write on a test
• A reaction to a change in the environment 
• The way plants communicate

Q.1. Name two specialised tissues that provide control and coordination in multicellular organisms.

Ans. Nervous and muscular tissues.

Ans. Two parts of human hind-brain with their functions are as follows: 

(i) Cerebellum: Controls & coordinates muscular movements, maintaining body posture and equilibrium. (ii) Medulla oblongata: which regulates the centre of swallowing, coughing, sneezing, salivation and vomiting.

Ans. Spinal cord.

Q.4. How does a touch – me – not plant respond on touching? What is this movement called?

Ans. Touch – me – not plant folds its leaflets on touching. This type of movement is called Growth independent movement (nastic movement)

Ans. Olfactory receptors, gustatory receptors.

Ans. a. Walking in a straight line.

Ans. Pituitary gland.

Ans. a. Thyroid: Secretes Thyroxine. It regulates metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.

b. Pituitary: Secretes growth hormone. Growth hormone regulates growth and development of body.

c. Pancreas: Secretes insulin. Insulin lowers blood sugar level.

Ans. (i) Positive phototropism: shoots growing towards light.

(ii)Negative phototropism: roots growing away from light towards ground.

(iii) Positive geotropism: growth of roots towards earth due to the pull of the earth.

(iv)Negative geotropism: shoots growing away from the earth.

(v) Hydrotropism: roots growing towards the source of water.

(vi)Chemotropism: growth of pollen tubes towards the ovules.

Ans. a. The man is suffering with the disease Diabetes. Insulin is the hormone which is responsible for this disease. Pancreas secretes this hormone.

b. Pituitary gland.

(i) Deficiency of growth hormone causes dwarfism. (ii) Excess secretion of growth hormone cause gigantism in a person.

Ans. Chemotropism is the movement of a part of the plant in response to a chemical stimulus. It can be positive chemotropism or negative chemotropism. Example: The growth of pollen tube towards a chemical which is produced by an ovule during the process of fertilisation in a flower.

Two plant hormones with their functions are as follows:

Auxins promote growth, cell elongation, cell differentiation, root formation.

Gibberellins stimulate stem elongation, seed germination.

Ans.a. (i) Voluntary actions - cerebellum; (ii) Involuntary action — medulla oblongata.

b. The communication between the central nervous system and the other parts of the body is facilitated by the peripheral nervous system. Cranial nerves arise from the brain; spinal nerves arise from the spinal cord.

• Auxins secreted by growing tissues. They provide growth of plants.
• Gibberellins cause stem elongation, seed germination and flowering.
• Cytokinin’s present in areas of actively dividing cells like fruits, seeds. Promote cell division.
• Abscisic acid inhibits growth and respond to environmental stress.

Q. 7. Draw and label a Neuron. Explain how it carries messages.

Ans. Information from the environment is detected by dendritic tip of a neuron located in the sense organ. A chemical reaction sets off here and it creates an electrical impulse which travels from dendrite to cell body and then along the axon to its endings where it sets off the release of some chemicals. The chemicals cross the synapse and set off a similar electrical impulse in dendrites of next neuron.Another synapse at the end of its axon delivers the impulse to the other cells like muscles cells / glands (effector organs) which react to perform the action.

Ans: a) Hormone 

b) Adrenal gland

• increases the blood pressure.
• increases heart beat rate.
• increases breathing rate.
• diverts blood to essential organs including the heart, brain and skeletal muscles by dilating their blood vessels and constricting those of less essential organs, such as the skin and digestive system.

c) auxin & gibberrellin

• Auxins promote cell elongation, root formation, cell division, etc. It also promotes fruit growth.
• Gibberellins stimulate stem elongation, seed germination and flowering.
• Cytokinins help in breaking the dormancy of seeds and buds. They delay ageing in leaves. They also promote the opening of stomata.
• Abscisic acid promotes falling of leaves and fruits.
• Ethylene promotes ripening of fruits

Q3. Smita’s father was complaining about frequent urination, pain in legs and a frequent weight loss to Smita’s mother and she discussed the things with her daughter when Smita returned from school. Listening to this Smita told her mother that her father should go and visit a doctor immediately. The doctor diagnosed that Smita’s father was having an elevated level of blood glucose. He should take care of his diet and should exercise regularly to maintain his normal glucose level.

Ans. (i) Disease-Diabetes, Hormone: Insulin

(ii) Gland-Pancreas: The blood glucose level is regulated by insulin hormone secreted by the pancreas.

(iii) Feedback Mechanism - Cells of pancreas secrete insulin hormone when level of blood glucose level increases in the blood. Insulin regulates the blood glucose level and its secretion gets reduced when blood glucose level falls down.

Ans. (i) Thyroxin – Control overall metabolic rate of the body (carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism)

(ii) Insulin – Conversion of glucose to glycogen in liver and muscles, thus decreases blood glucose level.

(iii) Estrogen – Development of female sex organ and secondary sexual characteristics like development of breast, pimples, shrill and a higher pitch voice

(iv) Growth hormone – Body growth and development of bones.

(v) Testosterone – Development of male sex organ and secondary sexual characteristics like moustache, beard & voice.

The human brain is a 3- pound (1.4-kilogram) mass of jelly-like fats and tissues—yet it'sthe most complex of all known living structures The human brain is more complex than any other known structure in the universe. Weighing in at three pounds, on average, this spongy mass of fat and protein is made up of two overarching types of cells—called glia and neurons— and it contains many billions of each. Neurons are notable for their branch-like projections called axons and dendrites, which gather and transmit electrochemical signals. Different types of glial cells provide physical protection to neurons and help keep them, and the brain, healthy. Together, this complex network of cells gives rise to every aspect of our shared humanity. We could not breathe, play, love, or remember without the brain.

Answer 

1)Animals such as elephants, dolphins, and whales actually have larger brains, but humans have the most developed cerebrum. It's packed to capacity inside our skulls and is highly folded. Why our brain is highly folded?

To increase the surface area of the brain to receive sensory impulses from various receptors, interpret the sensory information with the information that is stored in the brain and respond accordingly

2)Which among this is not a function of cerebrum?

3)Which among these protects our brain?

a)Neurotransmitter b) Cerebrospinal fluid c)Meninges d) Grey matter

ii) b & c

2 All the living organisms (plants and animals) respond and react to changes in the environment around them. The changes in the environment to which the organisms respond and react are called stimuli (singular: stimulus). The living organisms show response to stimuli such as light, heat, cold, sound, smell, taste, touch, pressure, pain, water, and force of gravity, etc. The response of organisms to a stimulus is usually in the form of some movement of their body parts. For example, if a man touches a very hot utensil accidently, he quickly pulls his hand away from the hot utensil. Here, heat is the stimulus and the man reacts by moving his hand away from the hot utensil. Similarly, when the Sun is bright, we close our eyes. In this case, light is the stimulus and we react by closing the eyes.

1. Humans respond to changes in their surrounding environment. The changes are known as _

b. stimuli 

a. sound 

c. I and III 

5. A response is ____

c. A reaction to a change in the environment 

Biology is one of the natural sciences which involves the study of humans, plants and other living organisms, their structure, growth, function, evolution and so on under various specializations such as botany, zoology, molecular biology, microbiology, genetics, marine biology etc.

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Study Material

Home > Class 10 Science Subject-wise Material

Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination

Class 10 Science Chapter 7 talks about how every living organism reacts as the changes occur around them taking not even a second.  In the final examination, questions from control and coordination weigh at most 3 marks. The purpose of including Control and Coordination is to teach students about how organs and five senses in the human body; the receptors after receiving signals from the environment functions. The nervous system is mainly responsible for the control and coordination of animals and the human body.

Class Xth NCERT textbook covers control and coordination in-depth and with the help of the right study material, the student can understand the chapter in detail. Class 10 science chapter 7 notes, question banks, practice worksheets, and other study material provided by Educart, can significantly help in improving the exam preparation. 

Table of Contents

Cbse class 10 control and coordination notes.

Below, we have provided the links to downloadable PDFs of Chapter 7 Control and Coordination Class 10 notes and get an in-depth explanation and understanding of the chapter.

<red> ➜   <red>Class 10 Control and Coordination Notes

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CBSE Class 10 Control and Coordination DoE Worksheet

Below, we have provided the links to downloadable PDFs of DoE Worksheets for Control and Coordination Class 10 to practice more questions. 

<red> ➜   <red>Worksheet 80EM

<red> ➜   <red>worksheet 81em, <red> ➜   <red>worksheet 82em, cbse class 10 control and coordination experiential activities.

Below, we have provided the links to downloadable PDFs of Experiential Learning Activity for ch 7 class 10 Science to help students implement their acquired knowledge in the real world.

<red> ➜   <red>Control and Coordination Experiential Activities

Cbse class 10 control and coordination important questions.

Below, we have provided Class 10 Science Important Questions that cover all the important questions in Control and Coordination. 

<red> ➜   <red>Control and Coordination Important Questions(view)

Cbse class 10 control and coordination question bank.

Below, we have provided Class 10 Science Question Banks that cover every typology question with detailed explanations from various resources in one place.

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<red> ➜   <red>class 10 life processes kendriya vidyalaya question bank, cbse class 10 control and coordination support material.

Below, we have provided Class 10 Science Support Materials that cover Case Study-based questions from the various concepts explained in Science NCERT chapters. 

<red> ➜   <red>Control and Coordination Support Material

Why download these chapter-wise pdfs.

Students can do well on board examinations and other school tests, as well as college applications if they have the proper study materials in addition to the NCERT. For class 10, chapter 7 Control and Coordination, students may build a solid conceptual foundation by going through these chapter-by-chapter PDFs. For both instructors and students, accessing these Control and Coordination class 10 PDFs might be extremely beneficial.

• The study material Students may make a schedule and learn in an organized manner with PDF. Students may concentrate on a particular topic at a time and allocate considerable time to each subject by making a study timetable. 
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The Science Control and Coordination chapter-wise materials will assist in completing the chapter from the 10th NCERT textbook in addition to the extra study materials. Students may efficiently prepare for the chapter by downloading chapter notes, DoE worksheets, question banks, key questions, and a plethora of additional study resources.

• The science control and coordination class 10 notes cover the chapter in detail and include all of the key ideas. Pupils can comprehend the chapter more thoroughly.
• Students will benefit from using mind maps to make connections between the ideas they have learned. It is going to help bring previously held knowledge into line with recently learned information, enhancing comprehension of the chapter.
• Every type that will be tested in the 10th board exams may be prepared with the use of the DoE worksheets and question banks. When students fully grasp the subject, they may create a schedule and practice relevant questions.
• The recurrent questions and the idea questions you need to study for the test are among the Class 10 CBSE crucial questions. By practicing key questions, you could increase your chances of getting higher exam scores. 

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• Important Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 7 - Control and Coordination 2024-25

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter-7 Important Questions with Answers - Free PDF Download

The important questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 control and coordination will help the students to prepare for their examination in an ordered way. These control and coordination Class 10 important questions are written in a simple and easy-to-understand way by the subject matter experts at Vedantu. To enable the students to get a fair idea of the chapter, students can rely on Chapter 7 Science Class 10 important questions . Students can use these for their exam preparation as important questions are made according to the priority of topics in the examination. Vedantu is a platform that provides free CBSE Solutions (NCERT) and other study materials for students. Maths and Science Students who are looking for better solutions can download Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions and Class 10 Science NCERT Solutions to help you to revise the complete syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

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Study Important Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 - Control and Coordination

Very Short Answer Questions (1 Mark)

1. Junctions of two neurons are called.

 Synapsis

Ans: a) Synapse

2. Which of the following is a plant hormone?

Ans: d) Cytokinin

3. When a person is suffering from severe cold, he or she cannot –

Differentiate the taste of an apple from that of an ice – cream.

Differentiate red light from the green light.

Differentiate a hot object from a cold object.

Differentiate the smell of perfume from that of an agarbatti

Ans: (d) Differentiate the smell of perfume from that of an agarbatti.

4. What do you mean by geotropism?

Ans: The growth of a plant due to Gravitational force is called geotropism. Growth in the direction of the force (downward) is known as positive geotropism and the growth in the direction opposite to the force (upward) is known as negative geotropism.

5. Name the two sets of nerves that constitute the peripheral nervous system.

Ans: The two sets of nerves that constitute the peripheral nervous system are 

Sympathetic nervous system

Parasympathetic nervous system.

6. The brain is lodged inside the cavity of the skull known as:

Ans: c) Cranium

7. The electrical impulse travels in a neuron from –

Dendrite $\to $ Axon $\to $ Axonal end $\to $ Cell body

Cell body $\to $ Dendrite $\to $ Axon $\to $ Axonal end 

Dendrite $\to $ Cell body $\to $ Axon $\to $ Axonal end 

Axonal end $\to $ Axon $\to $ Cell body $\to $ Dendrite

Ans: Dendrite $\to $ Cell body $\to $ Axon $\to $ Axonal end  

8. Which hormone brings about the development of the mammary gland?

Progesterone

Ans: Estrogen

9. Name the hormone which promotes plant growth.

Ans: The hormone which promotes plant growth is auxin.

10. Which part of the brain maintains the posture and equilibrium of the body?

Ans: The part of the brain which maintains the posture and equilibrium of the body is the cerebellum.

11. Which one of the endocrine glands is known as the master gland?

Parathyroid

Ans: a) Pituitary

12. The growth of tendrils in pea plants is due to

effect of light

effect of gravity

rapid cell division in tendrillar cells in contact with the support

rapid cell divisions in tendrillar cells that are away from the support

Ans: d) rapid cell divisions in tendrillar cells that are away from the support

13. Dwarfism results by –

Excess secretion of thyroxin

Less secretion of growth hormone

less secretion of adrenaline

Excess secretion of growth hormone.

Ans: b) Less secretion of growth hormone.

14. Write the function of the hormone “thyroxine” produced in our body.

Ans: Thyroxine produced in our body controls the overall metabolic rate of the body, it plays a vital role in digestion, muscle function, brain development, heart, and maintenance of bones.

15. Name the hormones secreted by the pancreas.

Ans: The hormones secreted by the pancreas are:

16. The neurons that carry nerve impulses from the spinal cord to effectors are called –

Sensory neurons

motor neurons

Interneurons

spinal neurons

Ans: Motor neurons.

17. Select the mismatched pair

Adrenaline – Pituitary gland

Testosterone – Testes

Estrogen – Ovary

Thyroxine – Thyroid gland.

Ans: Adrenaline – Pituitary gland.

18. Which one of the following is a nastic movement in plants?

Bending of plants towards light

Growing of roots towards gravity.

Dropping of touch – me – not leaflets on touch

Movement of pollen tubes towards chemicals.

Ans: Dropping of touch – me – not leaflets on touch

19. What is the function of the occipital lobe?

Ans: The function of the occipital lobe is visual perception. It includes:

Depth perception

Color determination

Object recognition

Movement, etc.

20. Which part of the brain links the endocrine system with the nervous system?

Ans: Hypothalamus is the part of the brain which links the endocrine system with the nervous system.

21. The visceral nervous system controls and integrates the function of –

Urinary bladder

Blood vessels

All of the above

Ans: d) All of the above

22. Which of the following statements are true about the brain?

The main thinking part of the brain is the hindbrain.

Centers of hearing, smell, memory, sight, etc are located in the forebrain.

Salivation, vomiting, and blood pressure is controlled by the medulla in the hindbrain.

The cerebellum does not control the posture and balance of the body.

(i) and (ii)

(ii) and (iii)

(i), (ii) and (iii)

(iii) and (iv)

Ans: b) (ii) and (iii)

23. The substance that results in the fall of mature leave and fruits from plants is due to:

Gibberellins 

Cytokinin 

Ans: c) ABA 

24. Name the structural and functional unit of the nervous system.

Ans: The structural and functional unit of the nervous system is the neuron (nerve cell).

25. Name one sex hormone.

Ans: An example of a sex hormone is testosterone.

26. Which part of the brain maintains the posture and equilibrium of the body?

Ans: The cerebellum is the part of the brain which maintains the posture and equilibrium of the body.

27. Give an example of a plant hormone that promotes growth.

Ans: A plant hormone that promotes the growth of cells is auxin.

28. Which of the following is a plant hormone?

Ans: (d) Cytokinins

29. The gap between two neurons is called a

Synapse 

Impulse 

Ans: (b) synapse

30. The brain is responsible for

Thinking 

Regulating the heartbeat. 

Balancing the body

All of the above.

Ans: (d) all of the above.

31. What name is given to the microscopic gap between two adjacent neurons?

Ans: The microscopic gap between two adjacent neurons is known as the synapse.

32. If we step on something sharp accidentally, we move our foot away at once. What is this type of response known as?

Ans: This type of response is known as a reflex action.

33. Apart from the hindbrain, activities like walking, skating, riding a bicycle, and picking up a pencil are possible. Name this part of the hindbrain.

34. Name the plant hormone:

a. Which inhibits growth and causes wilting of leaves.

Ans: Abscisic acid inhibits growth and causes wilting of leaves.

b. Which promotes cell division.

Ans: Cytokinin promotes cell division.

35. Who transmits nerve impulses across the synapse?

Ans: Neurotransmitters are responsible for transmitting nerve impulses across the synapse.

36. Give the reason why endocrine glands release theft secretions into the blood?

Ans: Endocrine glands are ductless glands and hence instead of pouring their hormones into ducts , they release theft secretions into the blood.

Short Answer Questions (2 Marks)

1. How are involuntary actions and reflex actions different from each other?

Ans: Difference between reflex action and involuntary action is given below:

2. Why is the use of iodised salt advisable?

Ans: Iodine is a trace element and a necessary substrate for thyroid gland hormone synthesis. It is required by the thyroid gland to make thyroxine hormone. The use of iodised salt is advisable because it provides iodine needed by the thyroid gland to make sufficient thyroxine for our body that helps prevent risk of goitre.

3. Name the centre of the brain that controls

Ans: Medulla oblongata in hind brain controls swallowing.

Ans: Cerebrum in forebrain controls hearing.

4. Represent schematically the path of a reflex action.

Ans: The path of a reflex action is represented below:

5. Why are some patients of diabetes treated by giving injections of insulin?

Ans: Some patients of diabetes are treated by giving injections of insulin because insulin hormone regulates the levels of sugar in the blood. In diabetic patients, insulin hormone is not secreted by pancreas in the required amount and therefore blood sugar level rises. 

6. Which signal will get disrupted in case of a spinal cord injury?

Ans: Spinal cord controls the reflex actions. And hence, the effects of spinal cord injury are:

Disturbed involuntary actions.

Disturbed reflex actions.

Inability of the quick response required to safeguard the body.

7. How does a touch – me – not plant respond to touching? What is this movement called?

Ans: Touch – me – no plant responds to touching by folding its leaflets and this type of movement is called growth independent movement i.e., the movement of plants that do not result in their growth.

8. What are phytohormones? Name them.

Ans: Phytohormones are synthesized at sites away from where they act. They diffuse to the area of action and help to co – ordinate growth, development and responses to the environment. Phytohormones are –

Gibberellins

Abscisic acid

9. What is the role of the brain in reflex action?

Ans: A reflex action is a rapid and spontaneous action in response to any stimulus. It is controlled by the spinal cord. Example- Sudden jerky withdrawal of hand after touching something hot. T he reflex action is instant where thinking is not involved and hence the brain has no role. Although the information also goes on to the brain where the encounter remains the memory and makes us aware of our actions.

10. How is control and coordination between the environment and plants brought about?

Ans: Plants responses are of two types

Growth dependent – They are due to cell divisions.

Growth independent response – They are due to change in the amount of water.

Plants do not perform control & coordination like animals but they give responses to external stimuli like touch, light, and chemicals, etc.

11. Give two examples of functions in plants that are regulated by light.

Ans: The two functions in plants that are regulated by light are:

Seed germination - Breaking of dormancy 

Photosynthesis – Respiration process

12. What is coordination? Give an example.

Ans: Coordination is a process through which two or more organs interact and complement the functions of one to adjust the vital activities of life. For example – under stressed conditions, the adrenal gland secretes the adrenaline hormone which prepares the body to face the emergency by increasing the breathing rate and heartbeat so that more oxygen can be supplied to the body.

13. How do endocrine glands help in maintaining feedback control?

Ans: The timing and amount of hormones released are regulated by the feedback mechanism. The endocrine system depends on the feedback system concerning hormones. There are two types of feedback systems –  

Negative Feedback  – This mechanism prevents deviation from the ideal mean value. For ex- less glucose levels in the blood do not induce the pancreatic cells to produce insulin so that less conversion of glucose to glycogen may occur.

Positive Feedback  – These mechanisms promote deviation from the mean ideal value. For ex- High glucose level in the blood induces. The pancreatic cells produce insulin which converts glucose to glycogen.

14. Which types of glands in the human body secrete hormones? State any one location for them.

Ans: Three types of glands that secrete hormones in the human body are-

Exocrine gland – These types of glands have ducts that do not secrete their secretion into the blood. For example – the salivary gland.

Endocrine gland – These types of glands do not have ducts, they pour their secretion into blood. For example – The pituitary gland. 

15. What is the result of hypothyroidism in children called?

Ans: The result of hypothyroidism in children is known as exophthalmic goiter. The exophthalmic goiter results in bulging of eyes, increased blood pressure, and heartbeat.

16. How is flowering affected in plants by various hormones?

Ans: Flowering is affected in plants by various hormones such as auxins and cytokinin promotes female flowers while gibberellins promote male flowers. Duration of light affects flowering in long-day plants and short-day plants.

17. Name the fluid-filled between the meninges of the brain. What are its functions?

Ans: The fluid-filled between the meninges of the brain is known as the cerebrospinal fluid. Its function is to protect the brain from mechanical shocks.

18. Name any two heterocrine glands and mention their function.

Ans: The two heterocrine glands are: 

Pancreas – Its endocrine function is to produce insulin and glucagon. Its exocrine function is to produce digestive enzymes.

Ovaries – Its endocrine function is to produce estrogen and progesterone hormone. Its exocrine function is to produce female gametes.

19. What is the response of the stem towards light & gravity?

Ans: Plants' growth response to gravity is known as gravitropism and to light is phototropism. The stem shows a positive response toward the light i.e., it grows in the direction of the light and it shows a negative response toward gravity i.e., it grows in the opposite direction of gravity.

20. Name two activities that are regulated by plant pigments.

Ans: The two activities that are regulated by plant pigments are: 

The response to the photoperiodic stimulus – due to some specialized pigments and phytochromes.

The control and coordination in plants with their environment.

21. How do we detect the smell of an agarbatti (incense stick)?

Ans: Olfactory receptors help us detect the smell of an agarbatti. When you smell the scent of an incense stick, it first reaches your nose, where it is detected by the olfactory receptors. It is then sent to the forebrain in the form of electrical signals. The forebrain then interprets these electrical signals as the smell of an incense stick.

22. What are plant hormones?

Ans: Hormones are the chemicals that help to coordinate growth, and development. Plant hormones are the chemicals that help to coordinate growth, development, flowering and response to the environment in plants. For example – auxins, gibberellins, abscisic acid (ABA), cytokinin, etc.

23. How is the movement of leaves of the sensitive plant different from the movement of a shoot towards light?

Ans: In the movement of leaves of sensitive plants, growth is not involved and movement is away from the source. Whereas, in the movement of shot towards light, growth is involved and movement is towards the source.

24. How does chemical coordination take place in animals?

Ans: The chemical coordination in animals is maintained by hormones which are secreted by endocrine glands.  

25. Give one example of a plant part.

Which is positively hydrotropic as well as positively geotropic.

Ans: Roots are positively hydrotropic as well as positively geotropic.

Which is positively phototropic but negatively geotropic.

Ans: Stem is positively phototropic but negatively geotropic.

26. The neck of a person appears to be swollen.

Name the disease this person is suffering from.

Ans: The person is suffering from goitre.

Name the mineral whose deficiency in the diet causes this disease.

Ans: Deficiency of iodine in the diet causes this disease.

27. Taking the example of heart beat, justify the antagonistic action of the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nerves.

Ans: Antagonistic action of the sympathetic nerve – increases contraction and rhythm with respect to heart beat.

Antagonistic action of the parasympathetic nerve – decreases contraction and rhythm with respect to heart beat.

28. Why is abscisic acid known as stress hormone in plants?

Ans: Abscisic acid is known as a stress hormone in plants because unlike growth hormone, it inhibits growth and causes wilting of leaves.

29. Name the part of neuron

where information is acquired.

Ans: Dendrite is the part of the neuron where information is acquired.

through which information travels as an electrical impulse.

Ans: Axon is the part of the neuron through which information travels as an electrical impulse.

30. Why do leaves drop off seasonally?

Ans: The leaves drop off seasonally because of the cuts off supply of nutrients and water to leaves which happened due to stopped production of auxin.  

31. A person suffered a head injury, due to which he faces breathing problems. No problem was detected with his respiratory system. What could be the cause of this problem?

Ans: A person suffered a head injury, faces breathing problems because he was injured in medulla oblongata. Medulla oblongata controls the respiratory system so he will be affected by breathing problems. 

32. In a family of normal sized members, there are two exceptions, one member is dwarf and one is tall like “Khali”. What could be the cause of it?

Ans: Uneven heights in the family is caused due to malfunctioning of the growth hormone. In case of dwarfs, there is a deficiency of growth hormone whereas in case of giants there is an excess of growth hormone. Growth hormones are secreted from the pituitary gland.

33. Why do you blink your eyes as bright light is focused on you?

Ans: We blink our eyes as bright light is focused on us due to reflex action. It is done to protect the eye from bright light which otherwise would damage the retina. The amount of light that enters your eyes is controlled by the pupils. Hence, blinking the eyes cuts off the excessive light.  

34. There is a polled plant in your drawing room, after a few days you notice that the plant has bent to one side. What could be the reason? How has this movement been coordinated?

Ans: The polled plant in your drawing room, after a few days bent to one side due to phototropic movement of the stem and it happens because of unequal growth of the stem on both sides which is initiated by the auxin hormone.

35. A leaf shaped gland is present above the intestine. The secretion of this gland regulates the metabolism of sugar in blood. Name the secretion and gland.

Ans: A leaf shaped gland that is present above the intestine and whose secretion regulates the metabolism of sugar in blood is the pancreas. The secretion is Insulin from special cells in it.

Short Answer Questions (3 Marks)

1. Mention three important functions of gibberellins.

Ans: Three important functions of Gibberellins are –

Stimulate stem elongation.

Help in breaking seed dormancy.

Promote production of male flowers.

2. What is the function of receptors in our body? What happens when receptors do not work properly?

Ans: The receptors detect information from the environment. If they do not work properly, the information will not be detected or will be detected late, due to which further process will be delayed and the signals will take time reaching the spinal cord or the brain. Hence, the response to the environmental stimulus will be delayed causing harm to the body.

3. What happens at the synapse between two neurons?

Ans: Junctions of two neurons is called synapses. When a receptor detects a stimulus, chemicals is set off through the neurons. These electric signals travel from the dendrite of the presynaptic neuron to its cell body and then along its axon. At the end of axon of this neuron, the electrical impulse crosses the synapse and starts a similar electrical impulse in the dendrite of the next neuron.

4. What is the need for a system of control and coordination in an organism?

Ans: The control and coordination in an organism is needed for the proper functioning of the body. It handles appropriate movement in response to any external stimulus.

Multicellular organisms have a complex body and hence it coordinates with various organs of the body of an organism working together in a proper manner to produce proper reaction to stimulus. For example – under stressed conditions, the adrenal gland secretes the adrenaline hormone which prepares the body to face the emergency by increasing the breathing rate and heartbeat so that more oxygen can be supplied to the body.

5. Pituitary is a master endocrine gland. Justify this statement.

Ans: Pituitary gland is a master gland because it regulates the secretion of other endocrine glands such as -

Growth hormones 

Thyroid stimulating hormone 

Adrenocorticotropic hormone 

Follicle stimulating hormone 

Luteinizing hormone 

Prolactin 

Pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain and is attached to the hypothalamus by nerve fibres and blood vessels. The pituitary gland consists of Anterior lobe and Posterior lobe.

6. Draw the structure of the neuron and explain its function.

Ans: The basic structure of a neuron has three components –

Junctions of two neurons is called synapses. When a receptor detects a stimulus, chemicals is set off through the neurons. These electric signals travel from the dendrite of the presynaptic neuron to its cell body and then along its axon. At the end of axon of this neuron, the electrical impulse crosses the synapse and starts a similar electrical impulse in the dendrite of the next neuron.

7. How does our body respond when adrenaline is secreted into the blood?

Ans: Adrenaline is a hormone which is involved in regulating visceral functions. Adrenaline is normally produced both by the adrenal glands and by a small number of neurons in the medulla oblongata. Under stressed conditions, the adrenal gland secretes the adrenaline hormone which prepares the body to face the emergency by increasing the breathing rate and heartbeat so that more oxygen can be supplied to the body. The blood supply decreases from the skin and digestive system and increases to skeletal muscles. 

8. Where are Pons and medulla oblongata located? Write their functions.

Ans: Pons and medulla Oblongata are located in hindbrain. 

Function of Pons – it acts as a bridge between the brain and spinal cord.

Function of Medulla oblongata – it controls activities like salivation, swallowing, vomiting, breathing, coughing, sneezing, heartbeat, sleep, consciousness and activities of the cerebrum.

9. List the function of testosterone and estrogen. Where are they secreted?

Ans: Testosterone is secreted in male bodies. 

Function of testosterone – It is responsible for development of male sex organs and secondary sex characteristics like moustache, beard & voice.

Estrogen is secreted in male bodies. 

Function of estrogen – it is responsible for development of female sex organs and secondary sex characteristics like mammary gland and uterine growth.

10. Define ‘nerve impulse’. Which structure in a neuron helps to conduct a nerve impulse?

Towards the cell body?

Ans: Nerve Impulse is a wave of the passing of information through neurons in the form of electrical and chemical signals. Dendrite helps to conduct a nerve impulse towards the cell body.

Away from the cell body?

Ans: Nerve Impulse is a wave of the passing of information through neurons in the form of electrical and chemical signals. Axon helps to conduct a nerve impulse away from the cell body.

11. Differentiate between axon and dendrites?

Ans: Difference between axon and dendrites is: 

12. Mention the structure of the human brain.

Ans: The structure of human brain is outlined below,

13. What are tropic movements? Name the types of tropic movements in plants.

Ans: Tropic movement is the bending or movement of a part of a plant in response to the external stimulus. The types of tropic movements in plants are:

Phototropism – response to light.

Geotropism – response to gravity 

Chemotropism - response to chemicals.

Hydrotropism – response to water. 

14. Name the different lobes of cerebrum.

Ans: There are four lobes of cerebrum –

a) Frontal lobe – The part of the brain associated with reasoning.

b) Parietal lobe – The part of the brain associated with perception of general sensation s like pressure, touch and pain.

c) Occipital lobe – The part of the brain associated with visual perception.

d) Temporal lobe – The part of the brain associated with formation of memory and interpretation of sound and the language.

15. How do auxins promote the growth of tendril around a support?

Ans: Auxin present in the plants is a growth hormone. When the tip of a tendril touches a support, auxins in its tip move away from the support. Hence, the side of the tendril away from the support grows faster and becomes longer than the side which is in contact with the support and makes the tendril curve towards the support.

16. Write different between exocrine and endocrine glands.

Ans: Difference between endocrine and exocrine gland is given below:

17. What are the different kinds of neurons?

Ans: There are three different kinds of neurons –

Sensory neurons – their work is to convey impulses from receptors to the main nervous system.

Motor neurons – their work is to carry impulses from the main nervous system to an effector.

Connecting (Relay) neurons – their work is to connect sensory and motor centres.

18. You have touched a hot object. Represent diagrammatically the path that leads to a response, i.e., quickly pulling back the hand.

Ans: The diagrammatic representation of the path that leads to a response when we touch a hot object is as below,

19. Nervous and hormonal system together performs the functions of control and coordination in human beings. Justify the statement.

Ans: Nervous and hormonal systems together perform the function of control and coordination in human beings. Under stressed conditions, the stimulus is being perceived by the Central Nervous System which stimulates the adrenal gland that secretes the adrenaline hormone which prepares the body to face the emergency by increasing the breathing rate and heartbeat so that more oxygen can be supplied to the body. The blood supply decreases from the skin and digestive system and increases to skeletal muscles. 

20. What is the difference between a reflex action and walking?

Ans: Difference between reflex action and walking is given below:

21. Design an experiment to demonstrate hydrotropism.

Ans: To demonstrate hydrotropism, take a tin box and make a hole its bottom. Fill the tin with moist saw dust and sow some gram seeds in it. In the next step, when the seed starts germinating, keep the tin box in a tilted position. After some time when you water the tin, you will observe that the radicle moves towards the wet saw dust which demonstrates positive hydrotropism.

22. How does phototropism occur in plants?

Ans: Movement of shoot towards light is called phototropism. This movement is caused due to more growth of cells towards the shaded side of the shoot as compared to the side of the shoot towards light. More growth of cells is due to secretion of auxin towards the shaded side.

23. How does chemical coordination occur in plants?

Ans: Unlike animals, plants do not have a nervous system. Chemical coordination in plants is maintained by plant hormones also known as phytohormones. Some plant hormones are auxin, Gibberellins, Cytokinin etc. When sunlight falls on the side, the auxins hormone causes the shady side of the shoot to grow faster. Cytokinin is responsible for the cell division.

24. How are involuntary actions and reflex actions different from each other?

Ans: Difference between involuntary and reflex actions is given below:

25. Compare and contrast nervous system and hormonal control and coordination in animals.

Ans: Difference between nervous control and hormonal control is given below:

26. What is the difference between the manner in which movement takes place in a sensitive plant and movement in our legs?

Ans: Difference between movement in a sensitive plant and movement in our legs is given below:

27. On touching a hot plate, you suddenly withdraw your hand. Which category of neurons became active first and which one next?

Ans: Suddenly withdrawing the hand on touching a hot plate is an example of reflex action. Hence, first the sensory neurons are activated, which take the information to the spinal cord. After that, the motor neurons become active and bring the impulses from the brain to the muscles. 

28. How does the plant shoot bends, when the plant is placed in a room having only one open window?

Ans: The shoot of the plant bends towards the direction of light when the plant is placed in such a room that has only one open window and this happens due to the auxin which is a plant growth hormone. Auxin diffuses towards the shady side of the shoot and stimulates the cells to live longer on the side of the shoot which is away from light. 

29. Give a reason to explain why

adrenaline helps in dealing emergency situations?

Ans: Under stressed conditions, the stimulus is being perceived by the Central Nervous System which stimulates the adrenal gland that secretes the adrenaline hormone which prepares the body to face the emergency by increasing the breathing rate and heartbeat so that more oxygen can be supplied to the body. The blood supply decreases from the skin and digestive system and increases to skeletal muscles. 

secretions of growth hormone should be specific in the human body?

Ans: Secretions of growth hormone should be specific in the human body because if growth hormones are secreted in excess quantity then it will lead to gigantism while the less secretion of this hormone causes dwarfism.

30. A man becomes unconscious due to head injury. A pin is pricked on his foot, he withdraws his foot. Why? Explain.

Ans: Withdrawal of the foot when a pin is pricked on the foot is an example of the reflex action and reflex actions are controlled by the spinal cord and not by the brain. Hence, although being injured on the head, the person will withdraw his foot. 

Long Answer Questions (5 Marks)

1. Compare nervous and hormonal mechanism for control

2. Mention one function for each of these hormones.

Ans: Thyroxine controls the overall metabolic rate of the body.

Ans: Insulin converts glucose to glycogen in liver and muscles and controls the blood sugar level.

Ans: Adrenaline increases heartbeat and blood pressure.

Growth hormone

Ans: Growth hormones are responsible for body growth and development of bones.

Testosterone.

Ans: Testosterone is the male hormone and develops male sex organs and secondary sex characteristics like moustache, beard and voice.

3. Write the following:

What are hormones?

Ans: Hormones are chemical substances which help in growth, control and coordination of a living organism. They are secreted in very small amounts by endocrine glands.

list four characteristics of hormones

Ans: Four characteristics of hormones are –

They are required in very less amounts.

Hormones are specific in their function.

They act away from the site of production.

Deficiency or over secretions of hormones have negative effects in the body.

4. Describe Nervous systems in humans.

Ans: A flow chart of the human nervous system is given below:

Download Important Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 PDF

Control and coordination class 10 important questions - summary.

Control and coordination Class 10 important questions include the topic namely nervous system muscular tissue correlation. This chapter also explains human brain anatomy, tissue protection, and nervous tissue action. It also gives brief information about animals and plants chemical coordination. The human body is a complex machine, which performs a ton of functions and processes to maintain and sustain human life. Living organisms must use systems providing chemical control and coordination. Keeping the general principles of body organisation in multicellular organisms. Specialised tissues are used to provide control and coordination activities.

Topics covered in Chapter 7 Science Class 10 important questions are - animal nervous system, reflex action, the human brain, coordination in the plant, response to the stimuli, movement due to growth, and also hormones in animals.

Nervous System - In the nervous system, neurons are the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. There are three parts in the neurons: dendrites, cyton/stoma/cell body and axon. Dendrites receive impulses from other neurons, cyton/soma processes the impulse. Axon transmits the impulse, either to another neuron or to muscles/glands, etc and it may be myelinated or unmyelinated. Nervous systems covered in the chapter are - central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, somatic nervous system, and autonomic nervous system.

Reflex Action - It is a sudden and involuntary reaction of the body in response to the stimuli. A reflex arc is a path followed by the electrical impulse during reflex action. The impulse travels from the receptor organ to the brain or spinal cord.

Plant Hormones and Movement - Control and coordination in plants is carried out by different hormones. Some of the plant hormones are auxin, cytokinin, gibberellins, abscisic acid and ethylene. There are two types of movement in plants: growth independent movements and growth-dependent movements. Growth related movements are also known as tropic movements. Some of the tropic movements are Phototropic movement (light dependent), Geotropic movement (gravity-dependent), Chemotropic movement (chemical-dependent), Hydrotropic movement (water-dependent), and Thigmotropic movement (touch dependent).

Endocrine System - Endocrine system in human secrets wide range of hormones for different functions. It consists of different glands like exocrine glands, endocrine glands, pituitary glands, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal gland, and gonads.

Benefits of Important Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 - Control and Coordination

Given below are a few benefits that students will gain by referring to the Important Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 .

The questions and solutions have been framed in a simple and easy-to-follow language. This has been done to aid students of all intellectual capabilities to ensure that they can prepare the chapter more effectively and perform excellently in their final exams.

Reading the chapter and learning the concepts are just the tip of the iceberg. To ensure you are prepared to score high marks in your exam, you need to practice the important questions of the chapter. This would in turn facilitate a better understanding of the topics covered in the chapter.

The questions and answers have been provided by our subject experts keeping in mind the latest CBSE exam pattern and updated syllabus to give you a real-time experience of the exams. 

An important part of doing well in any exam is being good at time management skills. Solving the important questions while timing yourself will give you a fair idea of how prepared you are to appear for your actual exam.

To be sure that you aren’t taken by surprise when you face the actual question paper, it is strongly advisable that you solve the important questions. These important questions will help boost your confidence and improve your chances of scoring better marks in the exams.

After going through all Class 10 Science Ch 7 important questions , which provides fully solved solutions to all the questions, it helps the student to save time in their exam preparation. Class 10 Control and coordination important questions answers are designed in such a way that improves the confidence of the student by solving them. Before going through the important questions, let's go through the NCERT solutions of Class 10 Chapter 7. If you refer to all the Class 10 Science Chapter 7 important questions, you can easily score five marks in the board examinations.

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FAQs on Important Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 7 - Control and Coordination 2024-25

1. Explain the nervous system according to Chapter 7 of Class 10 Science.

The nervous system is considered to be the most complex part of the body. The main function of the nervous system is to transmit signals to and from different parts of the body, the nervous system coordinates all the actions and sensory information. It is made up of the brain which acts as the control centre, the spinal cord which is the highway from the brain and all the nerves which carry the messages. The nervous system reacts to all the changes inside and outside the body. 

2. What is control and coordination according to Chapter 7 of Class 10 Science?

In class 10 science, one of the most compelling chapters is Control and coordination. It is the seventh chapter of the class 10 science NCERT textbook. According to this chapter, control refers to the power of restraining and regulating a process. It even refers to the power of regulating pace in order to go fast, slow down, or stop completely. Whereas, Coordination refers to the process of different systems of an organism working together in order to create an appropriate stimuli reaction. 

3. How can I ace Chapter 7 of Class 10 Science?

Chapter 7 of Class 10 Science is one of the most important chapters. It is one of the most scoring chapters for the CBSE Students. The simplest way of acing this chapter is by understanding the topics thoroughly. Using Vedantu’s Chapter 7 of Class 10 Science NCERT Solutions, students will gain more perspective and it will enrich their skills of learning. Using NCERT Solutions, students can solve practice papers which will give them more clarity on topics each individual student needs to concentrate on. This way a student can achieve the goal easily. 

4. What do you mean by Reflex action according to Chapter 7 of Class 10 Science?

Reflex action is an important concept for class 10 Science. Reflex action is a fast, involuntary, spontaneous reaction to stimuli. It helps to reduce the damage to the body from any potentially harmful conditions. An example of a reflex action is touching something hot. As soon as you touch something hot, you spontaneously move it away from the hot object (this is reflex action). It is a very essential action for the survival of many organisms. A reflex action does not need any input or thought. 

5. What are the important questions for Chapter 7 of Class 10 Science? 

Chapter 7 of Class 10 Science is a very important chapter from the examination point of view. Using Vedantu’s Class 10 Chapter 7 Science important questions, students will have an upper hand in understanding the concepts and covering all the important aspects of each chapter. This will help all students wanting to score maximum marks, as all the important concepts and topics are organised. This will help students to prioritise the topics they need to concentrate on and perform better. The solutions or any study materials provided by Vedantu are absolutely free of cost.

CBSE Class 10 Science Important Questions

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Class 11 Biology: Case Study of Chapter 21 Neural Control and Coordination PDF Download

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In Class 11 Final Exams there will be Case studies and Passage Based Questions will be asked, So practice these types of questions. Study Rate is always there to help you. Free PDF Download of CBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 21 Case Study and Passage Based Questions with Answers were Prepared Based on Latest Exam Pattern. Students can solve NCERT Class 11 Biology Neural Control and Coordination to know their preparation level.

Join our Telegram Channel, there you will get various e-books for CBSE 2024 Boards exams for Class 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th.

In CBSE Class 11 Biology Paper, There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.

Neural Control and Coordination Case Study Questions With Answers

Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 11 Biology  Chapter 21 Neural Control and Coordination

Case Study/Passage-Based Questions

Case Study 1:

The ears perform two sensory functions, hearing and maintenance of body balance. Anatomically, the ear can be divided into three major sections called the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear. The outer ear consists of the pinna and external auditory meatus (canal). The pinna collects the vibrations in the air which produce sound. The external auditory meatus leads inwards and extends up to the tympanic membrane (the ear drum). There are very fine hairs and wax-secreting glands in the skin of the pinna and the meatus. The tympanic membrane is composed of connective tissues covered with skin outside and with mucus membrane inside. The middle ear contains three ossicles called malleus, incus and stapes which are attached to one another in a chain-like fashion. The malleus is attached to the tympanic membrane and the stapes is attached to the oval window of the cochlea. The ear ossicles increase the efficiency of transmission of sound waves to the inner ear. A Eustachian tube connects the middle ear cavity with the pharynx.

The fluid-filled inner ear called labyrinth consists of two parts, the bony and the membranous labyrinths. The bony labyrinth is a series of channels. Inside these channels lies the membranous labyrinth, which is surrounded by a fluid called perilymph. The membranous labyrinth is filled with a fluid called endolymph. The coiled portion of the labyrinth is called cochlea. The membranes constituting cochlea, the reissner’s and basilar, divide the surounding perilymph filled bony labyrinth into an upper scalavestibuli and a lower scala tympani. The space within cochlea called scala media is filled with endolymph. At the base of the cochlea, the scalavestibuli ends at the oval window, while the scala tympani terminates at the round window which opens to the middle ear.The organ of corti is a structure located on the basilar membrane which contains hair cells that act as auditory receptors.

1.) ____________ connects the middle ear cavity with the pharynx.

• a) Eustachian tube
• b) Tympanic membrane

Ans: a) Eustachian tube

2.) Sound Vibrations collected by pinna, leads inwards and extends up to the ear drum by __________

• a) Labyrinth
• b) Auditory meatus
• c) Tympanic membrane
• d) Scala media

Ans: b) Auditory meatus

3.) What is Scala media?

Ans: The space present within the cochlea is called asScala media. It is filled with endolymph.

4.) Name the middle ear

Ans: The middle ear contains three ossicles called malleus, incus and stapes which are attached to one another in a chain-like fashion.

5.) What is labyrinth?

Ans: The fluid-filled inner ear called labyrinth consists of two parts,

• The bony labyrinths – The bony labyrinth is a series of channels. Inside these channels lies the membranous labyrinth, which is surrounded by a fluid called perilymph.
• The membranous labyrinths – The membranous labyrinth is filled with a fluid called endolymph. The coiled portion of the labyrinth is called cochlea.

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Class 11th Biology - Neural Control and Coordination Case Study Questions and Answers 2022 - 2023

By QB365 on 09 Sep, 2022

QB365 provides a detailed and simple solution for every Possible Case Study Questions in Class 11 Biology Subject - Neural Control and Coordination, CBSE. It will help Students to get more practice questions, Students can Practice these question papers in addition to score best marks.

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Neural control and coordination case study questions with answer key.

11th Standard CBSE

Final Semester - June 2015

The following flow chart gives the steps in the generation and conduction of a nerve impulse along a nerve fibre. Fill in the blanks A, B, C, D, E and F. At resting/polarised state of the neuron, the electrical potential difference is called ______ (A).                                        \(\downarrow\)   When the neuron is stimulated at a point, there is a rapid influx of _____(B) and the outer side becomes ______(C) charged.                                        \(\downarrow\)   The membrane is ______(D) and the potential difference across the membrane, is called _______(E).                                        \(\downarrow\)   The permeability of the membrane to B is very short-lived and the membrane potential A is restored, i.e. membrane is _______(F).

Anatomically, the human ear can be divided into three regions, (i) external ear, (ii) middle ear and (iii) inner ear. The inner ear, also called labyrinth, consists of two parts, (i) the coiled part, cochlea and (ii) the vestibular apparatus (a) Mention the component parts of the vestibular apparatus. (b) Name the specific receptors in the vestibular apparatus. (c) What is the function of vestibular apparatus?

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Neural control and coordination case study questions with answer key answer keys.

A - PNS (Peripheral nervous system) B - Spinal cord C - Somatic nervous system D - Forebrain E - Hindbrain F - Parasympathetic nervous system.

A. Resting potential B. Na C. Negatively D. Depolarised E. Action potential F. Repolarised.

(A) Synaptic vesicles (B) Neurotransmitters  (C) Synaptic cleft (D) Post-synaptic membrane (E) Ion channels (F) Post-synaptic neuron.

A - Receptor (muscle spindle) B - Afferent pathway C - Dorsal root ganglion D - Interneuron E - Motor neuron F - Efferent pathway.

(a) -A-Cornea (b) -G-Fovea (c) -E-Ciliarybody (d) -F -Vitreous chamber (e) -D-Iris (f) -H-Blindspot

(a) Vestibular apparatus consists of three semicircular canals and an otolith organ, consisting of utricle and saccule. (b) Crista and macula. (c) lt is responsible for the maintenance of body balance and posture.

(o) G Reissner's membrane D - Basilar membrane (b) F Scala media (c) E - Organ of Corti (d) B - Tectorial membrane (e) A Scala vestibuli.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination

The Class 10 NCERT Solutions for Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination includes all the intext and exercise questions. Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination NCERT questions and answers help students to clear their doubts and to obtain good marks in Class 10 board exam. All the solutions provided in this article are strictly based on the CBSE syllabus and curriculum.

Class 10 Science Chapter 7 NCERT Questions and Answers

Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination NCERT Questions and Answers are prepared by experts with a detailed explanation that will help students complete their assignments & homework. Having a good grasp over CBSE NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science will further help the students in their preparation for board exams and other competitive exams such as NTSE, Olympiad, etc.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Intext Questions

Intext Question (Page No. 119)

Question 1: What is the difference between a reflex action and walking?

Question 2: What happens at the synapse between two neurons?

Answer: A very small gap that occurs between the last portion of axon of one neuron and the dendrite of the other neuron is known as a synapse. It acts as a one-way valve to transmit impulses in one direction only.This one-directional transfer of impulses occurs as the chemicals are produced in only one side of the neuron i.e., the axon’s side. From axon, the impulses travel across the synapse to the dendrite of the other neuron.

Question 3: Which part of the brain maintains posture and equilibrium of the body?

Answer: Cerebellum which is a part of Hind brain is responsible for Controls the motor functioning hence it is the part reengaged in the maintenance of posture and equilibrium of the body.

Question 4: How do we detect the smell of an agarbatti (incense stick)?

Answer: The thinking part of our brain is the forebrain. It has separate areas that are specialized for hearing, smelling, sight, taste, touch, etc. The forebrain also has regions that collect information or impulses from the various receptors. When the smell of an incense stick reaches us, our forebrain detects it. Then, the forebrain interprets it by putting it together with the information received from other receptors and also with the information already stored in the brain.

Question 5: What is the role of the brain in reflex action?

Answer: Reflex actions are formed instantaneously in response to the stimulus that has no time to think. For instance the sensory nerves that detect the heat are connected to the nerves that move the muscles of the hand. Such a connection of detecting the signal from the nerves (input) and responding to it quickly (output) is known as reflex arc.

Reflex action are generated in spinal cord and the information also reaches brain. This helps the brain to record this event and remember it for future use.  Brain helps the person the person to get awareness of the stimulus and prevent himself from that situation again.

Intext Question (Page No. 122)

Question 1: What are plant hormones?

Answer: Plant hormones or phytohormones are naturally-occurring organic substances. These are synthesized in one part of the plant body (in minute quantities) and are translocated to other parts when required. The five major types of phytohormones are auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid and ethylene.

• Gibberellins help in the growth of the stem.
• Auxins help in the growth of the stem.
• Cytokinins promote cell division.
• Abscisic acid is one example of a hormone which inhibits growth.

Question 2: How is the movement of leaves of the sensitive plant different from the movement of a shoot towards light?

Question 3: Give an example of a plant hormone that promotes growth.

Answer: Examples of plants growth hormones: Auxins and Gibberlins are the hormone responsible for the growth of plant. Auxins are responsible for the cell elongation in shoot and also regulates growth. Gibberlin is responsible for stem elongation and germination.

Question 4: How do auxins promote the growth of a tendril around a support?

Answer: Auxins are the plant hormones produces at the tip of a shoot and root. Auxins are present at the tip of tendrils. When tendrils are attached around any support their growth is slowed down as auxins are sensitive to touch. This make them move to the other side of the tip to get support this makes the other side grow faster than the side of tendril in contact with the support and the tendril bends towards the support.

Question 5: Design an experiment to demonstrate hydrotropism.

Answer: Take two small beakers and label them as A and B. Fill beaker A with water. Now make a cylindrical-shaped roll from a filter paper and keep it as a bridge between beaker A and beaker B, as shown in the figure. Attach few germinating seeds in the middle of the filter paper bridge. Now, cover the entire set-up with a transparent plastic container so that the moisture is retained.

Observation: The roots of the germinating seeds will grow towards beaker A. This experiment demonstrates the phenomenon of hydrotropism

Intext Question (Page No. 125)

Question 1: How does chemical coordination take place in animals?

Answer: Chemical coordination takes place in animals with the help of hormones. Hormone is the chemical messenger that regulates the physiological processes in living organisms. It is secreted by glands. The regulation of physiological processes and control and coordination by hormones comes under the endocrine system. The nervous system along with the endocrine system in our body controls and coordinates the physiological processes.

Question 2: Why is the use of iodised salt advisable?

Answer: It is advised to use iodised salt because thyroid gland needs iodine to produce thyroxin hormone. Thyroxin hormone controls all the metabolic activities of our body like metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and protein etc. Due to the deficiency of thyroxin a disease called goitre is caused.

Question 3: How does our body respond when adrenaline is secreted into the blood?

Answer: Adrenalin is a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands in case of any danger or emergency or any kinds of stress. It is secreted directly into the blood and is transported to different parts of the body. When secreted in large amounts, it speeds up the heartbeat and hence supplies more oxygen to the muscles. The breathing rate also increases due to contractions of diaphragm and rib muscles. It also increases the blood pressure. All these responses enable the body to deal with any stress or emergency.

Question 4: Why are some patients of diabetes treated by giving injections of insulin?

Answer: Insulin hormone regulates blood sugar levels. If this is not secreted in proper amounts, the sugar level in the blood rises. This causes many harmful effects. To treat harmful effects of increased level of blood sugar, the diabetic patients are treated by giving injections of insulin.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Exercise Questions

Question 1: Which of the following is a plant hormone? (a) Insulin (b) Thyroxin (c) Oestrogen (d) Cytokinin

Answer: (d) Cytokinin

Question 2: The gap between two neurons is called a (a) dendrite (b) synapse (c) axon (d) impulse

Answer: (b) synapse.

Question 3: The brain is responsible for (a) thinking (b) regulating the heart beat (c) balancing the body (d) all of the above

Answer: (d) all of the above

Question 4: What is the function of receptors in our body? Think of situations where receptors do not work properly. What problems are likely to arise?

Answer: Receptors are specialised cells located in our sense organs like ear, nose, skin, tongue and eyes. The function of receptors is to detect information from the environment. For example, olfactory receptors detect smell. If receptors do not work properly, the information obtained from the environment will be delayed to reach the spinal cord or brain. In this situation, the response to the environmental stimulus will be delayed causing harm to the body. For example, if skin receptors are damaged, and one accidentally touches a hot object, then his/her hands might get burn as the damaged receptor cannot perceive the external stimuli of heat and pain.

Question 5: Draw the structure of a neuron and explain its function.

Answer: Neurons are the functional units of the nervous system. The three main parts of a neuron are axon, dendrite and cell body.

Functions of the three parts of a neuron:

• Axon: It conducts messages away from the cell body.
• Dendrite: It receives information from axon of another cell and conducts the messages towards the cell body.
• Cell body: It contains nucleus, mitochondria, and other organelles. It is mainly concerned with the maintenance and growth.

Question 6: How does phototropism occur in plants?

Answer: The movement of plant in response to light is called phototropism. Stem shows positive phototropism as follows:

When growing plants detect light, a hormone called auxin, synthesized at the shoot tip, helps the cells to grow longer. When light is coming from one side of the plant, auxin diffuses towards the shady side of the shoot. This concentration of auxin stimulates the cells to grow longer on the side of the shoot which is away from light. Thus, the plant appears to bend towards light.

Question 7: Which signals will get disrupted in case of a spinal cord injury?

Answer: The reflex arc connections between the input and output nerves meet in a bundle in the spinal cord. In fact, nerves from all over the body meet in a bundle in the spinal cord on their way to the brain. In case of any injury to the spinal cord, the signals coming from the nerves as well as the signals coming to the receptors will be disrupted.

Question 8: How does chemical coordination occur in plants?

Answer: Plant growth, development and responses to the environment is controlled and coordinated by a special class of chemical substances known as hormones. Hormones are produced in one part of the plant and are transported to all the needy parts of the plant. The five major types of phytohormone are auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, and ethylene. These phytohormones are either growth promoters (such as auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, and ethylene) or growth inhibitors such as abscisic acid.

Question 9: What is the need for a system of control and coordination in an organism?

Answer: The maintenance of the body functions in response to changes in the body by working together of various integrated body systems is known as coordination. All the movements that occur in response to stimuli are carefully coordinated and controlled. In animals, the control and coordination movements are provided by nervous and muscular systems. The nervous system sends messages to and away from the brain. The spinal cord plays an important role in the relay of messages. In the absence of this system of control and coordination, our body will not be able to function properly. For example, when we accidentally touch a hot utensil, we immediately withdraw our hand. In the absence of nerve transmission, we will not withdraw our hand and may get burnt.

Question 10: How are involuntary actions and reflex actions different from each other?

Question 11: Compare and contrast nervous and hormonal mechanisms for control and coordination in animals.

Question 12: What is the difference between the manner in which movement takes place in a sensitive plant and the movement in our legs?

Topics covered under Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination

Below we have listed the topics discussed in NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7. The list gives you a quick look at the different topics and subtopics of this chapter.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 – A Brief Discussion

Chapter Overview: In keeping with the general principles of body organisation in multicellular organisms, specialised tissues are used to provide control and coordination activities. In animals, such control and coordination are provided by nervous and muscular tissues. But plants have neither a nervous system nor muscles. So in plants, cells change their shape for the conduction of information. Hormones also play an important role in coordination which has been discussed in the chapter briefly.

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Control & Coordination Class 10 Important Questions with Solutions

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Planning to practise Control & Coordination Class 10 Important Questions to score higher marks in the upcoming examination? We understand the pain of not being able to collect the important questions which are often asked and have higher weightage, therefore, our subject matter experts have prepared the Control & Coordination Class 10 Important Questions with Solutions.

The Control & Coordination important questions are collected from the past year question papers, sample papers, and textbooks.

Why Solve Class 10 Control & Coordination Important Question?

There are several reasons to solve Class 10 Control & Coordination important questions which have been explained in this section one by one.

• To Improve Grasp on Control & Coordination: To maintain higher accuracy, students should solve Control & Coordination questions as much as possible. Solving many questions also helps students improve their grasp of Control & Coordination which will develop conceptual understanding.
• For Exam Preparation: Solving Control & Coordination Class 10 Important Questions with Solutions also helps students prepare well for the examination. Certainly, a few Control & Coordination questions are asked in the Class 10 Science board examination so practising questions help students be prepared for the examination.
• To Boost Speed in Answering Class 10 Control & Coordination Questions: No doubt, solving Class 10 Science Control & Coordination questions helps students boost their speed in answering similar questions or questions based on Control & Coordination.
• To Learn and Develop Various Techniques to Answer Control & Coordination Class 10 Questions: Questions of Control & Coordination can be answered in a variety of ways and this skill can be learned and developed by solving Control & Coordination Class 10 Important Questions with Solutions.

Where to Find Important Questions for Class 10 Science Control & Coordination PDF?

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• Now, a new page will load where you need to click on “10th PYP Chapter Wise”

• Let the page reload and show you Science - PYP Chapter-Wise clicking on which you can navigate to the Control & Coordination Class 10 Important Questions with solutions in PDF for free of cost.

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Although there are several benefits of solving important questions for Class 10 Science Control & Coordination here we are mentioning a total of 5 benefits of solving Control & Coordination Class 10 Important Questions:

• A Thorough Practise to Board-Level Control & Coordination Questions: By solving the Class 10 Science Control & Coordination important questions that we provide here, students can be thorough with the board-level Control & Coordination questions and can prepare for a variety of questions. Not only this but solving such important questions enables students to know the difficulty level of questions from Control & Coordination that can be asked in the upcoming board examination.
• Class 10 Science Board Exam Preparation: Another, benefit of solving the Class 10 Control & Coordination Important Questions is that it helps students be familiar with the types of questions, level of difficulty and required time to answer them. This helps prepare for the CBSE Class 10 Science Exam.
• Understanding of What Questions to Give More Attention: Class 10 Control & Coordination contains various questions but all are not equally important and play a crucial role, therefore, solving the Class 10 Control & Coordination Important Questions is considered beneficial as it enables students to understand what Control & Coordination questions to prioritise for the board exam preparation.

How to Prepare for Class 10 Control & Coordination Important Question?

Every individual student may have their methods to prepare for Class 10 Control & Coordination important questions however, here are a few preparation tips students can follow to prepare for Class 10 Control & Coordination important questions.

• First of All, Collect a List of Control & Coordination Important Questions: Make a collection of Control & Coordination important questions - try to find them from Previous year question papers and sample papers or you can use the PDF file that Selfstudys is providing. The PDF files contain a list of Control & Coordination important questions so that you don’t have to search them manually.
• Study Everything Mentioned: Before solving the important questions of Class 10 Control & Coordination, refer to the NCERT Class 10 Science textbook and start reading everything mentioned there. It is essential because, to solve Control & Coordination questions the concepts should be clear.
• Do a Quick Revision to the Control & Coordination Chapter: The revision process helps maintain accuracy and learnings fresh for longer. Therefore, do a quick revision to the Control & Coordination to recall whatever you have studied in the chapter.
• Solve Chapter-End Questions: Solving Chapter-end questions enables students to feel confident, gain more knowledge and clear doubts and confusion. It also helps students develop mental processes to answer questions. So, solve Chapter-end questions to be prepared for solving Class 10 Control & Coordination Important Question.
• Now, Solve Class 10 Control & Coordination Important Question: After going through the above phases, solve Class 10 Control & Coordination important questions. One suggestion is here to mark or note down those Control & Coordination questions which you find difficult to answer.

What is the Right Time to Solve Important Questions for Class 10 Science Control & Coordination PDF

The Board exam preparation time is one of the most ideal times to solve important questions for Class 10 Science Control & Coordination PDF. However, students can also solve the Control & Coordination Class 10 Important Questions at the following times:

• After Completing Control & Coordination: Ideally, students are advised to solve Chapter-end questions just after completing Control & Coordination, however, if students want to have a better understanding of the topic, they can refer to the PDF file of Control & Coordination Class 10 Important Questions with Solutions to practise several Control & Coordination questions.
• During Weekly or Monthly Revision Time: Another the best time to solve Class 10 Science Control & Coordination Questions is during weekly or monthly revision time. It is considered a good time to solve the important questions because it enables students to not only practise several questions but be prepared for the annual examination.
• During Last-Minute Exam Preparation: One of the most crucial times to solve Control & Coordination important questions is during last-minute Class 10 Board Exam Preparation. Solving Control & Coordination important questions at this time enables students to keep their learning fresh and confident in answering questions.

Do’s and Don’ts with Control & Coordination Important Question Class 10 with Answers PDF

The Control & Coordination Class 10 Important Questions with Solutions PDF is a great study tool but, to use it students should know some do’s and don’ts so that they can use them properly.

How to Handle Difficult Class 10 Control & Coordination Important Questions?

Certainly, all important questions of Class 10 Control & Coordination are not easy to answer, at least for the first time, therefore, this section discusses how to handle difficult Class 10 Control & Coordination important questions.

• Take Help of Solutions: While solving Class 10 Science Control & Coordination questions if you are feeling stuck on any question and unable to solve them in many attempts, try to use the Solutions available in the PDF file. If you are downloading the PDF file of Class 10 Control & Coordination important questions using Selfstudys.com you will be able to access the Control & Coordination important questions with solutions for free.
• Consult Teachers: In case, you haven’t access to the solutions of Control & Coordination Class 10 Important Questions consult your teacher and get your doubts clear. Also, consulting the teacher will help you get a detailed insight into difficult Control & Coordination questions.
• Use Internet Sources: There are plenty of resources on the internet that can help you answer difficult Control & Coordination important questions so take help from there. Internet resources that can help you solve the difficult Class 10 Control & Coordination important questions are YouTube, Students Forum, and solutions providers.

How Important Questions of Class 10 Control & Coordination Are Prepared?

There are certain study materials that help our teachers to prepare a set of Control & Coordination Class 10 important questions with solutions PDF. Check about those resources here:

• Using Syllabus: Various details about Control & Coordination such as weightage and sub-sections are already introduced in the Class 10 Science Syllabus so that students can use them to study and prepare for the exam. The subject matter expert refers to the syllabus to find out the sections from which the Control & Coordination questions may be asked.
• Referring to the Class 10 Science Sample Papers: The Class 10 Science Sample Paper is an official study resource prepared and shared by the board itself. Science Sample Paper contains questions from all the chapters from which the questions will be asked in the actual board examination. Therefore, the subject matter experts use them to find the Control & Coordination questions which have higher chances of being asked in the board examination. The experts not only use the latest sample papers but old sample papers of Class 10 Science too so that they can better understand the Control & Coordination important questions.
• By Taking the Help of Class 10 Science Previous Year Question Papers: One of the best tools that subject matter experts use is Class 10 Science Previous Year Question Paper because by using them teachers find out the Control & Coordination questions that are asked frequently. They collect all those Control & Coordination questions and solve them then they prepare the PDF file Control & Coordination important questions.

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Control And Coordination

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Control and Coordination Class 10 Extra Questions with Answers Science Chapter 7

In this page, you can find CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Extra Questions and Answers Control and Coordination Pdf free download, NCERT Extra Questions for Class 10 Science will make your practice complete.

Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Extra Questions and Answers Control and Coordination

Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination with Answers Solutions

Control and Coordination Extra Questions Very Short Answer Type

Question 1. Mention the receptors for light and sound in animals. Answer: Sense organs are called receptors. The receptor of light in animals is calld photoreceptor. The receptor of sound in animals is called phonoreceptor.

Question 2. Which hormone regulates the concentration of sugar in the blood? Answer: Insulin secreted by Islets of Langerhans of pancreas.

Question 3. Define ‘reflex action.’ Answer: Reflex action is a rapid, automatic response to a stimulus which is not under the voluntary control of the brain.

Question 4. Name few involuntary actions controlled by the hindbrain. Answer: Involuntary actions controlled by hindbrain are vomiting, salivation and blood pressure.

Question 5. What is an axon? Answer: It is a large, single, unbranched nerve fibre arising from the cyton. It carries impulses from cyton located in CNS to effectors.

Question 6. Why are roots called positively geotropic? Answer: This is because the roots always grow towards the gravity of the Earth.

Question 7. What is the number of cranial nerves and spinal nerves in human beings? Answer: There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves in human beings.

Question 8. Name the largest cell present in the human body.’ Answer: Neuron.

Question 9. Which part of central nervous system controls reflexes? Answer: Spinal cord.

Question 10. Name the part of neuron (i) Where information is acquired. (ii) Through which information travels as an electrical impulse. Answer: (i) Dendrite, (ii) Axon.

Question 11. What will happen if intake of iodine in our diet is low? Answer:

• When iodine intake is low, release of thyroxine from thyroid gland will be less by which protein, carbohydrate and fat metabolisms will be affected.
• A person might suffer from goitre in case of iodine deficiency in the body.

Question 12. Which hormone controls the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus in human beings? Answer: Parathyroid hormone (parathormone).

Question 13. Name the hormone, the secretion of which is responsible for dramatic changes in appearance in girls and boys when they approach 10-12 years of age. Answer: Oestrogen from the ovaries of girls and testosterone from testes of boys.

Question 14. Name two tissues that provide control and coordination in multicellular animals. Answer: The two tissues that provide control and coordination in multicellular animals are nervous tissue and muscular tissue.

Question 16. What do you understand by the sleep movement of plant organs? Answer: Sleep movement in plants e.g., in flowers is to protect the reproductive organs from the cold. Hence, sepals and petals of saffron flower close at sunset and open up in the morning.

Question 17. State the main function of abscistic acid in plants. Answer: Abscisic acid slows plant growth and inhibits division of cells.’ Question 18. What is spinal cord? Which body function is controlled by it? (U. P. 2018) Answer: Spinal cord is a long and cylindrical tube which is present in vertebral column. From its dorsal and ventral horn sensory and motor nerves originate which form spinal nerve. At the centre it contains neurocoel. Spinal cord is covered externally by three membranes. In this, H shaped grey matter is filled, which is surrounded by white matter. Lateral and dorsal sides have horns. Spinal cord: It serves as principal centre for almost all the reflexes and involuntary activities. It provide conduction pathway for nerves to transmit stimuli to brain.

Control and Coordination Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1. Define a synapse. Answer: Synapse is a very fine gap between telodendria of axon of one neuron and dendrites of another neuron. These two structures do not unite with each other but remain separated by a fine gap.

Question 2. Mention the functions of forebrain. Answer: The forebrain performs the following functions:

• It is responsible for intelligence, memory, consciousness, will power and voluntary actions.
• It has the centres for visual reception, hearing reception, touch, smell and temperature reception.

Question 3. Answer the following:

• Which hormone is responsible for the changes noticed in females at puberty?
• Dwarfism results due to deficiency of which hormone?
• Blood sugar level rises due to deficiency of which hormone?
• Iodine is necessary for the synthesis of which hormone?
• Growth hormone

Question 4. Name the hormones responsible for regulation of

• metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins
• balance of calcium and phosphate
• blood pressure
• water and electrolyte balance.
• Parathormone
• Vasopressin.

Question 5. What is a tropic movement? Explain with an example. Answer: The directional growth movement of plants due to external stimuli is called a tropic movement. It can be either towards the stimulus, or away from it. For example, in case of phototropic movement, shoots respond by bending towards light while roots respond by bending away from it.

Question 6. Why Mimosa pudica (touch-me-not) leaves droop down when touched? Answer: It is due to turgor pressure difference between the upper and lower halves of the base of petiole (pulvinus). Lower half cells lose water and upper half cells of pulvinus become turgid due to transfer of water from lower cells. Thus, the entire leaf droops down when touched.

Question 7. Why are the electrical-chemical signals not an efficient means of communication in plants? Answer: Unlike animals, where there is a nervous system for conduction of nerve impulses and circulatory system for conduction of hormones, there are no specialised tissues in plants. So, the electrical chemical signals are not an effective means of communication in plants.

Question 8. If a ripened fruit is kept in a basket of raw fruits, then what will happen? What causes it? Answer: The ripened fruit will release ethylene (hormone) which causes ripening of other raw. fruits kept in a basket.

Question 9. What is cerebrospinal fluid? What is its function? . Answer: Cerebrospinal fluid is the fluid found in the cavities of brain and central canal of spinal cord and in between arachnoid and pia mater. Function: It prevents the brain and spinal cord from mechanical shocks.

Question 10. Answer the following:

• Name the endocrine gland associated with a brain.
• Which gland secretes digestive enzymes as well as hormones?
• Name the endocrine gland associated with kidneys.
• Which endocrine gland is present in males but not in females?

Question 11. Describe the advantage of division of human heart in right and left parts. Answer: The advantage of division of human heart in right and left parts is that it prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

Question 13. What is turgor movement? Answer: Turgor movement is the movement due to the difference of turgidity of the cells in the lower half and upper half of pulvinus (petiole of leaf). When leaf of touch-me-not plant (Mimosa pudica) is touched, the electrical signal send chemical signals from leaflets to pulvinus (petiole) of leaf. Cells in the lower half of pulvinus lose water and become flaccid, while cells in the upper half of pulvinus become turgid due to accumulation of more water. Hence, leaf droops down for a short time.

Question 14. Why do tendrils coil around hard rough objects? Answer: The growth movement of tendril in response to unilateral stimulus of touch is called thigmotropism. Tendrils of louki, tori, karela, and sweet pea plants coil around hard objects when they come in their contact. It occurs due to unequal growth of two sides of a tendril. The growth of the surface which comes in contact of the support is retarded, while it remains normal or increased on the other side, due to which tendril coils around the support.

Question 16. Nervous and hormonal system together perform the function of control and coordination in human beings. Justify the statement. Answer: Nervous and hormonal system together perform the function of control and coordination in human beings. Let us take an example, in the case of any emergency, stimulus is being perceived by CNS (Central nervous system). The stimulus is analysed and the response is sent to the effectors. Simultaneously, sympathetic nerves stimulate adrenal gland to release adrenaline which regulates blood pressure, increases heartbeat, constricts blood vessels and dilates pupil, etc. So, both nervous and endocrine systems interact and overcome the crisis together.

Question 17. How are the brain and spinal cord protected? Answer: (i) Brain: It is protected by the bony box called cranium. It is also called as skull. Also the membranes that surround the brain (meninges) are filled with cerebrospinal fluid that act as shock absorbers protecting the brain. (ii) Spinal cord: The vertebral column, commonly called backbone, protects the spinal cord.

Question 18. What are ductless glands? Answer: These ductless glands which form a group of tissues or cells in acting at distant sites of the body known as target organ or target cell.

Question 19. Name the hormone secreted by thyroid gland and describe its main functions. Answer: The glands which secrete hormones directly into blood are called ductless or endocrine glands. They reach their target cells through blood only and not through any duct. Thyroid gland is a bilobed structure situated at posterior surface of larynx. Its structure resembles ‘H’. Its weight in humans is about 25-30 g.

It mainly releases thyroxine or thyroid hormone which is a product of iodine. This hormone regulates metabolic activities in body. Its functions are to control the BMR rate, protein synthesis, increase heartbeat rate, uses of glucose. Lack of thyroid causes slowing of heartbeat, weak immune system and brain damage.

Control and Coordination Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1. Which hormone is released into the blood when its sugar level rises? Name the organ which produces the hormone and describe its effect on blood sugar level. Also name one digestive enzyme that this organ secretes and the function of this enzyme. Answer: Hormone: Hormones are released by stimulated cells are diffuse all around the original cell. Insulin hormone is released into the blood when its sugar level rises. Pancreas secretes the insulin hormone. The function of insulin hormone is to lower the blood sugar level.

Deficiency of insulin hormone in the body causes a disease known as diabetes. Diabetes is characterised by large quantities of sugar in the blood. The insulin hormone controls the metabolism of sugar. If due to some reason pancreas does not produce and secrete sufficient amount of insulin into blood.

then the sugar level in the blood rises. The high sugar level in the blood can cause many harmful effects to the body of person. The person having severe diabetes are treated by giving injection of insulin.

The pancreas secretes pancreatic juice which contains enzymes like trypsin for digesting proteins, lipase for breakdown of emulsified fats and amylase for breakdown of starch.

Question 3. (i) What are cranial and spinal nerves? Describe a spinal nerve. (ii) Draw a diagram of the human brain and label the following parts: (a) Cerebrum (b) Meninges (c) Medulla oblongata (d) Cerebellum Answer: (i) Cranial nerves are the nerves associated with the brain. These are 12 pairs in number and carries both sensory and motor nerves. Spinal nerves are the nerves connected with the spinal cord. These are 31 pairs in number. Spinal nerve arises in the form of dorsal root and ventral root and both unite in the neural canal to form a single branch. It comes out of the vertebral column through intervertebral canal and then divides into dorsal, ventral and visceral branches.

Question 4. Describe the central nervous system in human beings. or How many parts of brain are there? Sodden reactions like blood pressure, saliva secretion and vomating are controlled by which parts? Answer: The central nervous system in human beings consists of brain and spinal cord. (i) Brain: Brain is the highest coordinating centre in the body. It is covered by meaninges, which is made up of three layers. It is protected by cranium. Brain is broadly divided into:

(a) Forebrain: The forebrain includes cerebrum and olfactory lobes. Cerebrum is the largest part of the brain. It consists of two cerebral hemispheres. Sensory and motor receptors are present in the brain. There are various regions for reception of vision (occipital lobe), reception of sound (temporal lobe), touch, smell, temperature (parietal lobe) and muscular activities (frontal lobe). Olfactory lobes are one in pair and receives olfactory nerves.

(b) Midbrain: It is the small portion of the brian that connects cerebrum with the other parts of the brain and spinal cord.

(c) Hindbrain: It consists of cerebellum, pons and medulla oblongata. Cerebellum is responsible for coordination and adjustment of movement and posture. Pons regulate respiration. Medulla oblongata regulates swallowing, coughing, sneezing and vomitting…

(ii) Spinal cord: Medulla oblongata extends downwards, enclosed in vertebral column to form a cylindrical structure known as spinal cord. It is also covered by meninges. It is the reflex centre of the body.

Question 5. Give the various functions performed by the plant hormones. Or Name various plant hormones. Also give their physiological effects on plant growth and development. Answer: The various functions performed by the plant hormones are: (i) Auxins promote cell enlargement and cell differentiation. They also promote growth.

(ii) Gibberellins promote cell enlargement and cell differentiation in the presence of auxin. It also help in breaking the dormancy in seeds and buds. It promote the growth in fruits.

(iii) Cytokinins promote cell division and help in breaking the dormancy of seeds and buds. It delay the ageing in leaves. It promotes the opening of stomata and also fruit growth.

(iv) Abscisic acid promotes the dormancy in seeds and buds. It promotes the closing of stomata and falling of leaves. It also inhibits growth, reverses the growth promoting effects of auxins and gibberellins. Its effects include wilting of leaves.

(v) Ethylene promotes the falling of leaves, ripening of fruits and helps in breaking bud dormancy.

• A receptor to perceive the stimulus.
• A sensory or afferent nerve which carries the message from the receptor to the spinal cord.
• The neurons of spinal cord transmit the impulse from afferent neurons to efferent neurons.
• The motor or efferent nerve carries messages from spinal cord to the muscles (effectors) that show the response.

Some examples of reflex actions are:

• Blinking of eyes when a foreign particle gets in them.
• Sneezing if an unwanted particle enters the nose.
• Watering of mouth at the sight or smell of good food.
• Withdrawl of foot if a nail comes in the way while walking and pricks the foot.
• Immediate withdrawl of hand on touching some hot thing.

• Soak some seeds of gram or moong in water for one day.
• Pierce slightly big holes (2 mm diameter) at the bottom of the cup.
• Fill it with 1 cm. thick layer of garden soil.
• Sprinkle soaked seeds (moong / gram) over the soil. Water the seeds.
• Put the cup on 2 pieces of wooden or stone slabs so that there is a little gap between the top of the table and bottom of the cup.
• Cover the lower part of the set-up with black paper.
• Water the seeds regularly with little water.
• You will observe that the roots come out from the holes and grow towards the Earth showing positive geotropism.

Question 8. Draw a well-labelled diagram of human brain and explain the functions of various parts. Answer: Structure and functions of human brain: It is the most important and delicate portion of the body. In an adult, its weight is 1300-1400 g. It remains enclosed in bony case called cranium. The brain is covered with three meninges. The outer meninx is called duramater and inner one is piamater.

In between these two arachnoid matter is present. A dense network of blood capillaries present in these meninges, which provide food and oxygen to the brain. In between the meninges, the space is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (80%) which protects the brain against external shocks and mechanical injury.

1. Forebrain: The brain is divided into three parts-olfactory lobes, cerebrum and diencephalon. Cerebrum is the largest part of the brain. It is highly folded and convoluted which increases the surface area. The outer part of cerebrum is made up of grey matter while inner is made up of white matter. Cerebrum controls various activities of the body. Parts of Forebrain

• Olfactory lobes: These are concerned with sense of smell.
• Cerebrum: It is the centre of instinct thinking, memorising, reasoning, consciousness, learning, etc.
• Diencephalon: It is the centre of involuntary actions such as hunger, thirst, sleep, temperature, control, metabolism, etc.

2. Midbrain: It connect forebrain to hindbrains, many involuntary actions like change in size of pupil and auditory impulses are controlled by it.

3. Hindbrain: It consists of cerebellum, medulla oblongata and pons varolii. (i) Pons varolii: It is situated just below of cerebral peduncles like a lobe of 2.5 cm long. It provides control of activities like mastication, salivation, lacrimation and movement of eyeballs, etc. (ii) Cerebellum: It controls the body posture and equilibrium. It controls and coordinates the movement of voluntary muscles. (iii) Medulla oblongata: It is the posterior’most part of the brain which is cylindrical in shape. It controls involuntary activities such as respiration, heartbeat, circulation etc.

Question 9. What do you know about reflex action? Explain with the help of diagram. What is the importance of reflex actions? Answer: Reflex action The path followed by information or impulse in reflex action is called reflex arc. It is formed in the spinal cord and consists of two neurons:

• Sensory neurons containing dorsal horn.
• Motor neurons containing ventral horn.

• These are controlled by spinal cord and thus, minimise the burden on brain.
• These are very fast and accurate, wich minimise chances of mishappening.

Some examples of reflex actions:

• Sneezing: During this, the air from the lungs comes out forcefully.
• Coughing: When food particles enter the windpipe the air from the lungs comes out forcefully.

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Case Study Questions Class 11 Biology Chemical Coordination and Integration

Case study questions class 11 biology chapter 22 chemical coordination and integration.

CBSE Class 11 Case Study Questions Biology Chemical Coordination and Integration. Important Case Study Questions for Class 11 Board Exam Students. Here we have arranged some Important Case Base Questions for students who are searching for Paragraph Based Questions Chemical Coordination and Integration.

At Case Study Questions there will given a Paragraph. In where some Important Questions will made on that respective Case Based Study. There will various types of marks will given 1 marks, 2 marks, 3 marks, 4 marks.

CBSE Case Study Questions Class 11 Biology Chemical Coordination and Integration

Our body has one pair of adrenal glands, one at the anterior part of each kidney. The gland is composed of two types of tissues. The centrally located tissue is called the adrenal medulla, and outside this lies the adrenal cortex.

The adrenal medulla secretes two hormones called adrenaline or epinephrine and noradrenaline or norepinephrine. These are commonly called as catecholamines. Adrenaline and noradrenaline are rapidly secreted in response to stress of any kind and during emergency situations and are called emergency hormones or hormones of Fight or Flight. These hormones increase alertness, pupilary dilation, piloerection (raising of hairs), sweating etc. Both the hormones increase the heartbeat, the strength of heart contraction and the rate of respiration. Catecholamines also stimulate the breakdown of glycogen resulting in an increased concentration of glucose in blood. In addition, they also stimulate the breakdown of lipids and proteins.

The adrenal cortex can be divided into three layers, called zonareticularis (inner layer), zonafasciculata (middle layer) and zonaglomerulosa (outer layer). The adrenal cortex secretes many hormones, commonly called as corticoids. The corticoids, which are involved in carbohydrate metabolism are called glucocorticoids. In our body, cortisol is the main glucocorticoid. Corticoids, which regulate the balance of water and electrolytes in our body are called mineralocorticoids. Aldosterone is the main mineralocorticoid in our body.Glucocorticoids, particularly cortisol, produces anti-inflammatory reactions and suppresses the immune response.

Pancreas is a composite gland which acts as both exocrine and endocrine gland. The endocrine pancreas consists of ‘Islets of Langerhans’. The two main types of cells in the Islet of Langerhans are called α-cells and β-cells. The α-cells secrete a hormone called glucagon, while the β-cells secrete insulin. Glucagon is a peptide hormone, and plays an important role in maintaining the normal blood glucose levels. Glucagon acts mainly on the liver cells (hepatocytes) and stimulates glycogenolysis resulting in an increased blood sugar (hyperglycemia). In addition, this hormone stimulates the process of gluconeogenesis which also contributes to hyperglycemia. Glucagon reduces the cellular glucose uptake and utilisation. Thus, glucagon is a hyperglycemic hormone. Insulin is a peptide hormone, which plays a major role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Insulin acts mainly on hepatocytes and adipocytes (cells of adipose tissue), and enhances cellular glucoseuptake and utilisation. As a result, there is a rapid movement of glucose from blood to hepatocytes and adipocytes resulting in decreased blood glucose levels (hypoglycemia). Insulin also stimulates conversion of glucose to glycogen (glycogenesis) in the target cells. The glucose homeostasis in blood is thus maintained jointly by the two – insulin and glucagons. Prolonged hyperglycemia leads to a complex disorder called diabetes mellitus which is associated with loss of glucose through urine and formation of harmful compounds known as ketone bodies. Diabetic patients are successfully treated with insulin therapy.

1.) ________________________ Hormone produces anti-inflammatory reactions and suppresses the immune response.

a) cortisol

b) Glucocorticoids

d) both a & b

2.) ____________________________ Hormone secreted by the α-cells of Islet of Langerhans

a) Cortisol

c) Glucagon

3.) Enlist the name of hormones secreted by α-cells and β-cells.

4.) Name the hormone which involves in regulation of glucose homeostasis.

5.) What is main difference between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia?

 Answer key

3) The α-cells secrete a hormone called glucagon, while the β-cells secrete insulin.

4) The glucose homeostasis in blood is thus maintained jointly by the two – insulin and glucagons. Insulin is a peptide hormone, which plays a major role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Insulin acts mainly on hepatocytes and adipocytes (cells of adipose tissue), and enhances cellular glucose uptake and utilisation.

5) Hyperglycemia is the condition in which sugar level in blood is increased. While hypoglycemia is the condition in which sugar level in blood is decreased.

The pituitary gland is located in a bony cavity called sellatursica and is attached to hypothalamus by a stalk. It is divided anatomically into an adenohypophysis and a neurohypophysis. Adenohypophysis consists of two portions, pars distalis and pars intermedia. The pars distalis region of pituitary, commonly called anterior pituitary, produces growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Pars intermedia secretes only one hormone called melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH). However, in humans, the pars intermedia is almost merged with pars distalis. Neurohypophysis (pars nervosa) also known as posterior pituitary, stores and releases two hormones called oxytocin and vasopressin, which are actually synthesised by the hypothalamus and are transported axonally to neurohypophysis.

Over-secretion of GH stimulates abnormal growth of the body leading to gigantism and low secretion of GH results in stunted growth resulting in pituitary dwarfism. Excess secretion of growth hormone in adults especially in middle age can result in severe disfigurement (especially of the face) called Acromegaly. Prolactin regulates the growth of the mammary glands and formation of milk in them. TSH stimulates the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland. ACTH stimulates the synthesis and secretion of steroid hormones called glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex. LH and FSH stimulate gonadal activity and hence are called gonadotrophins.

After ovulation. FSH stimulates growth and development of the ovarian follicles in females. MSH acts on the melanocytes (melanin containing cells) and regulates pigmentation of the skin. Oxytocin acts on the smooth muscles of our body and stimulates their contraction. In females, it stimulates a vigorous contraction of uterus at the time of child birth, and milk ejection from the mammary gland. Vasopressin acts mainly at the kidney and stimulates resorption of water and electrolytes by the distal tubules and thereby reduces loss of water through urine (diuresis). Hence, it is also called as anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). An impairment affecting synthesis or release of ADH results in a diminished ability of the kidney to conserve water leading to water loss and dehydration. This condition is known as Diabetes Insipidus.

`1.) ________________ are the hormones secreted by Pars intermedia.

a) Adrenocorticotrophic hormone

b) Melanocyte stimulating hormone

c) Luteinizing hormone

d) Follicle stimulating hormone

2.) Growth and functioning of the mammary glands is regulated and controlled by the

a) Glucocorticoids Hormone

b) Stimulating hormone

c) Prolactin hormones

d) Luteinizing hormone

3.) Name the hormones which acts on the smooth muscles of our body and stimulates their contraction.

4.) Write short note on the hormone which stimulates resorption of water and reduces loss of water.

5.) What are the adverse effect of over secretion of GH on human body?

3) Oxytocin acts on the smooth muscles of our body and stimulates their contraction.

4) Vasopressin is hormone stimulates resorption of water and reduces loss of water. It acts mainly at the kidney and stimulates resorption of water and electrolytes by the distal tubules and thereby reduces loss of water through urine (diuresis). Hence, it is also called as anti-diuretic hormone (ADH).

5) Over-secretion of GH stimulates abnormal growth of the body leading to gigantism. Excess secretion of growth hormone in adults especially in middle age can result in severe disfigurement especially of the face.

The thyroid gland is composed of two lobes which are located on either side of the trachea. Both the lobes are interconnected with a thin flap of connective tissue called isthmus. The thyroid gland is composed of follicles and stromal tissues. Each thyroid follicle is composed of follicular cells, enclosing a cavity. These follicular cells synthesise two hormones, tetraiodothyronine or thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Iodine is essential for the normal rate of hormone synthesis in the thyroid. Deficiency of iodine in our diet results in hypothyroidism and enlargement of the thyroid gland, commonly called goitre. Hypothyroidism during pregnancy causes defective development and maturation of the growing baby leading to stunted growth (cretinism), mental retardation, low intelligence quotient, abnormal skin, deaf-mutism, etc. In adult women, hypothyroidism may cause menstrual cycle to become irregular. Due to cancer of the thyroid gland or due to development of nodules of the thyroid glands, the rate of synthesis and secretion of the thyroid hormones is increased to abnormal high levels leading to a condition called hyperthyroidism which adversely affects the body physiology.

Exopthalmic goitre is a form of hyperthyroidism, characterised by enlargement of the thyroid gland, protrusion of the eyeballs, increased basal metabolic rate, and weight loss, also called Graves’ disease. Thyroid hormones play an important role in the regulation of the basal metabolic rate. These hormones also support the process of red blood cell formation. Thyroid hormones control the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Maintenance of water and electrolyte balance is also influenced by thyroid hormones. Thyroid gland also secretes a protein hormone called thyrocalcitonin (TCT) which regulates the blood calcium levels.

1.) _______________ Protein hormone secreted by thyroid gland regulates the blood calcium levels along with PTH.

a) thyromelatonin

b) thyrocalcitonin

c) thyrocalciumtonin

d) thyrocarbotonin

2.) cretinism is referred as,

a) stunted growth due to deficiency of iodine

b) stunted growth due to deficiency of thyroid hormones

c) mental retardation due to deficiency of iodine

d) deaf-mutism due to deficiency of iodine

3.) Explain how the both lobes of thyroid gland are interconnected?

4.) Give the composition of thyroid follicle and their function?

5.) What are adverse effect of iodine deficiency on human body?

3) Thyroid gland is composed of two lobes these lobes are interconnected with a thin flap of connective tissue called isthmus.

4) Thyroid follicle is made up of follicular cells.

5) Function – Follicular cells synthesise two hormones named as Tetraiodothyronine/Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3).

6) Iodine is essential for the optimum level of thyroid hormones secretion. Deficiency of iodine in our diet results in hypothyroidism and enlargement of the thyroid gland, commonly known as goitre. Deficiency of iodine during pregnancy causes defective development and maturation of the growing baby leading to stunted growth (cretinism), mental retardation, low intelligence quotient, abnormal skin, deaf-mutism, etc. In adult women, deficiency of iodine may cause menstrual cycle to become irregular.

The pineal gland is located on the dorsal side of forebrain. Pineal secretes a hormone named melatonin. Melatonin plays a very important role in the regulation of a 24-hour (diurnal) rhythm of our body. For example, it helps in maintaining the normal rhythms of sleep-wake cycle, body temperature. In addition, melatonin also influences metabolism, anti-aging, pigmentation, the menstrual cycle as well as our defense capability.

In humans, four parathyroid glands are present on the back side of the thyroid gland, one pair each in the two lobes of the thyroid gland. The parathyroid glands secrete a peptide hormone called parathyroid hormone (PTH). The secretion of PTH is regulated by the circulating levels of calcium ions. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases the Ca2+ levels in the blood. PTH acts on bones and stimulates the process of bone resorption i.e. dissolution or demineralisation . PTH also stimulates reabsorption of Ca2+ by the renal tubules and increases Ca2+ absorption from the digested food. It is, thus, clear that PTH is a hypercalcemic hormone, i.e., it increases the blood Ca2+ levels. Along with TCT, it plays a significant role in calcium balance in the body.

The thymus gland is a lobular structure located between lungs behind sternum on the ventral side of aorta. The thymus plays a major role in the development of the immune system. This gland secretes the peptide hormones called thymosins. Thymosins play a major role in the differentiation of T-lymphocytes, which provide cell-mediated immunity. In addition, thymosins also promote production of antibodies to provide humoral immunity. Thymus is degenerated in old individuals resulting in a decreased production of thymosins. As a result, the immune responses of old persons become weak.

1.) _______________ is a lobular structure located between lungs behind sternum on the ventral side of aorta.

a) Pineal gland

b) Thymus gland

c) Thyroid glands

d) Parathyroid glands

2.) Reabsorption of calcium in body is stimulated by

a) Tymosins

b) Melatonin

c) Parathyroid

d) All of the above

3.) Name the hormone which helps in maintaining the normal rhythms of sleep-wake cycle.

4.) What is bone resorption?

5.) Explain why Parathyroid hormone are named as hypercalcemic hormone?

3) Melatonin is the hormone which helps in maintaining the normal rhythms of sleep-wake cycle.

Bone resorption is the process of dissolution or demineralisation of bones, which is stimulated by Parathyroid hormone secretion.

Parathyroid hormone are named as hypercalcemic hormone. PTH stimulates reabsorption of Ca2+ by the renal tubules and increases Ca2+ absorption from the digested food. it increases the blood Ca2+ levels. It plays a significant role in calcium balance in the body

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• CBSE Class 10
• Class 10 Science MCQs
• CBSE Class 10 Science MCQ Chapter 7 Control And Coordination

CBSE Class 10 Science MCQs Chapter 7 Control and Coordination

According to the CBSE Syllabus 2023-24, this chapter has been renumbered as Chapter 6 in NCERT Class 10 Science Textbook.

Control and Coordination Class 10 MCQs

CBSE Class 10 Science MCQs Chapter 7 Control and Coordination are provided in this article to help students in the board exam preparation. By practising these Control and Coordination MCQs, students can easily answer the multiple-choice questions asked in this chapter, which will also help them obtain high scores in the board exams. So, students must first solve these questions and then check their answers, provided here. It will boost their exam preparation and help them attempt the board exams confidently. Also, students can access the CBSE Class 10 Science MCQs for other chapters for their exam preparation.

Download CBSE Class 10 Science MCQs Chapter 7 Control and Coordination with Answer PDF

These questions are designed as per the CBSE Class 10 syllabus. CBSE Class 10 students must read Chapter 7 from the NCERT Science textbook and then practise these multiple-choice questions. The important concepts covered in this chapter are listed below:

• Animals – Nervous System
• Human Brain
• Coordination in Plants
• Hormones in Animals

CBSE Class 10 Science MCQs Chapter 7 Control and Coordination with Answers

Q1) What is the function of the pituitary gland?

(a) To develop sex organs in males

(b) To stimulate growth in all organs

(c) To regulate sugar and salt levels in the body

(d) To initiate metabolism in the body

Correct Answer: Option (b)

Q2) Which of the following option shows the order of events correctly when a bright light is focused on our eyes?

(a) Bright light → receptors in eyes → sensory neuronàspinal cord → motor neurons → eyelid closes

(b) Bright light → receptors in eyes → spinal cord → sensory neuron → motor neurons → eyelid closes

(c) Bright light → receptors in eyes → sensory neuron → motor neurons → spinal cord → eyelid closes

(d) Bright light → receptors in eyes → spinal cordà motor neurons → sensory neuron → eyelid closes

Correct Answer: Option (a)

Q3) A female is suffering from an irregular menstrual cycle. The doctor prescribed her some hormonal tablets. Which option shows that the hormone she lacks in her body is from the endocrine gland?

(a) Oestrogen

(b) Testosterone

(c) Adrenalin

(d) Thyroxin

Q4) When we touch the leaves of the “touch-me-not” plant, they begin to fold up and droop. How does the plant communicate the information of touch?

(a) The plant uses electrical signals to transfer information from the external environment to cells.

(b) The plant uses electrical-chemical signals to transfer information from cell to cell.

(c) The plant uses electrical-chemical signals to transfer information from tissue to specialised cells.

(d) The plant uses electrical signals to transfer information from cells to specialised tissues.

Q5) How will information travel within a neuron?

(a) Dendrite -> cell body -> axon -> nerve ending

(b) Dendrite -> axon -> cell body -> nerve ending

(c) Axon -> dendrite -> cell body -> nerve ending

(d) Axon -> cell body -> dendrite -> nerve ending

Q6) Raghav potted some germinated seeds in a pot. He put the pot in a cardboard box that was opened from one side. He keeps the box in a way that the open side of the box faces sunlight near his window. After 2-3 days, he observes the shoot bends towards the light, as shown in the image.

Which type of tropism does he observe?

(a) Geotropism

(b) Phototropism

(c) Chemotropism

(d) Hydrotropism

Q7) Which parts of the brain control blood pressure?

(a) Spinal cord, skull, hypothalamus

(b) Cord, skull, cerebrum

(c) Pons, medulla, cerebellum

(d) Pons, medulla, pituitary

Correct Answer: Option (c)

Q8) Organisms depend on hormones as well as electric impulses for the transmission of signals from the brain to the rest of the body. What can be a likely advantage of hormones over electric impulses?

(a) It is secreted by all types of cells present in the body.

(b) It is secreted by stimulated cells and reaches all cells of the body.

(c) It is relayed to the target organ faster than electric impulses.

(d) It does not depend on an external stimulus to be generated in the cells.

Q9) Which of the following option illustrates the location of the centre that controls the feelings associated with hunger (M) and the centre that allows a person to walk in a straight line (N)?

Correct Answer: Option (d)

Q10) The image shows the structure of a neuron.

Which of the following options shows the mechanism of the travelling of sense in our body after our nose senses a smell?

(a) Olfactory receptors → dendritic tip of a nerve cell → axon → nerve ending → release of the signal dendritic tip of another nerve cell

(b) Olfactory receptors → dendritic tip of a nerve cell → axon → cell body → release of signal → dendritic tip of other nerve cell

(c) Gustatory receptors → dendritic tip of a nerve cell → cell body → axon → release of the signal dendritic tip of another nerve cell

(d) Gustatory receptors → dendritic tip of a nerve cell → axon → cell body → release of the signal dendritic tip of another nerve cell

Frequently Asked Questions on Control and Coordination

Name two tissues that provide control and coordination in multicellular animals..

The two tissues that provide control and coordination in multicellular animals are the nervous and muscular tissues.

Name the part of the brain that controls posture and balance of the body.

The cerebellum in the hindbrain controls the posture and balance of the body.

Name the fluid that is found between the meninges.

Cerebrospinal fluid is found between the meninges.

We hope students have found this article on “CBSE Class 10 Science MCQs Chapter 7 Control and Coordination” useful for their exam preparation. Keep learning and stay tuned to BYJU’S for further updates on the CBSE exam. Download BYJU’S – The learning App, and subscribe to the YouTube channel to access interactive study videos.

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