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Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes

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In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on Assertion and Reason . There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.

Here, we have provided case based/passage based questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes .

Question 1:

Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v).

All living cells need nutrients, O, and other essential substances. Also, the waste and harmful substances need to be removed continuously for healthy functioning of cells. So, a well developed transport system is mandatory for living organisms. Complex organisms have special fluids within their bodies to transport such materials. Blood is the most commonly used body fluid by most of the higher organisms. Lymph also helps in the transport of certain substances.

(i) Which of the following does not exhibit phagocytic activity? (a) Monocytes (b) Neutrophils (c) Basophil (d) Macrophage

(ii) Amount of blood corpusles in changed in dengue fever. One of the common symptoms observed in people infected with dengue fever is (a) significant decrease in RBC count (b) significant decrease in WBC count (c) significant decrease in platelets count (d) significant increase in platelets count.

(iii) Why are WBCs called soldiers of the body? (a) They are capable of squeezing out of blood capillaries. (b) They are manufactured in bone marrow. (c) They fight against disease causing germs. (d) They have granular cytoplasm with lobed nucleus.

(iv) Name the blood cells, whose reduction in number can cause clotting disorder, leading to excessive loss of blood from the body. (a) Erythrocytes (b) Neutrophils (c) Leucocytes (d) Thrombocytes

(v) Which of the following is the correct feature of lymph? (a) It is similar to the plasma of blood, but is colourless and contains less proteins. (b) It is similar to the WBCs of blood, but is colourless and contain more proteins. (c) It is similar to the RBCs of blood and red in colour. (d) It contains more fats.

Question 2:

Heterotrophic nutrition is a mode of nutrition in which organisms obtain readymade organic food from outside sources. The organisms that depend upon outside sources for obtaining organic nutrients are called heterotrophs. Heterotrophic nutrition is of three types: saprophytic, parasitic and holozoic nutrition.

(i) In which of the following groups of organisms food material is broken outside the body and absorbed? (a) Mushroom, green plants, Amoeba (b) Yeast, mushroom, bread mould (c) Paramecium, Amoeba, Cuscuta (d) Cuscuta, lice, tapeworm

(ii) Which of the following is a parasite? (a) Yeast (b) Taenia (c) Amoeba (d) Earthworm

(iii) Which of the following is an example of saprotroph? (a) Grass (b) Mushroom (c) Amoeba (d) Paramecium

(iv) Heterotrophic nutrition involves (a) production of simple sugar from inorganic compounds (b) utilisation of chemical energy to prepare food (c) utilisation of energy obtained by plants (d) all of these.

(v) In Paramecium, food enters the body through (a) mouth (b) pseudopodia (c) cilia (d) cytostome

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Case Study Questions Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes

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CBSE Board Exam is on the way, so you must practice some good Case Study Questions Class 10 Science to boost your preparation to score 95+% on Boards. In this post, you will get Case Study and Passage Based Questions that will come in CBSE Class 10 Science Board Exams.

Join our Telegram Channel, there you will get various e-books for CBSE 2024 Boards exams for Class 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th.

In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on Assertion and Re a son . There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.

Life Processes Case Study Questions With Answers

Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes

Case Study/Passage-Based Questions

Question 1:

Transpiration is the evaporative loss of water by plants. It occurs mainly through the stoma in the leaves. Besides the loss of water vapor in transpiration, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the leaf also occurs through pores called stomata. Normally stomata remain open in the daytime and close during the night

(i) Which of the following will not directly affect transpiration?

Answer: (d) Chlorophyll content of leaves

(ii) Water vapour comes out from the plant leaf through the stomatal opening. Through the same stomatal opening, carbon dioxide diffuses into the plant during photosynthesis. Reason out the above statements . using one of following options. (a) The above processes happen only during night time. (b) One process occurs during day time and the other at night. (c) Both processes cannot happen Simultaneously. (d) Both processes can happen together at day time.

Answer: (d) Both processes can happen together at day time.

(iii) Which of the following statements is not true for stomatal apparatus? (a) Guard cells invariably possess chloroplasts and mitochondria. (b) Guard cells are always surrounded by subsidiary cells. (c) Stomata are involved in gaseous exchange. (d) Inner wall of guard cells are thick.

Answer: (b) Guard cells are always surrounded by subsidiary cells.

(iv) Which of the following is not a purpose of transpiration? (a) Helps in absorption and transport in plants (b) Prevents loss of water (c) Maintains shape and structure of plants by keeping the cells turgid (d) Supplies water for photosynthesis

Answer: (b) Prevents loss of water

Answer: (a) P-Atmospheric temperature; Q-Atmospheric pressure

Question 2:

Answer: (b) Yeast, mushroom, bread mould

(ii) Which of the following is a parasite? (a) Yeast (b) Taenia (c) Amoeba (d) Earthworm

Answer: (b) Taenia

(iii) Which of the following is an example of saprotroph? (a) Grass (b) Mushroom (c) Amoeba (d) Paramecium

Answer: (b) Mushroom

Answer: (c) utilisation of energy obtained by plants

(v) In Paramecium, food enters the body through (a) mouth (b) pseudopodia (c) cilia (d) cytostom

Answer: (d) cytostom

Case Study 3: Life processes are the essential functions that living organisms perform to maintain their existence. These processes include nutrition, respiration, transportation, excretion, and reproduction. Nutrition involves the intake of food and its utilization by the body for energy and growth. It can be classified into two types: autotrophic and heterotrophic. Autotrophic nutrition is the process by which organisms, such as plants, produce their own food using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide through photosynthesis. Heterotrophic nutrition is the process by which organisms obtain nutrients by consuming other organisms. Respiration is the process of releasing energy from food through the oxidation of glucose molecules. Transportation involves the movement of materials, such as nutrients, water, and gases, within the body. Excretion is the removal of waste products generated by metabolic activities. Reproduction is the process by which organisms produce offspring of their own kind. Understanding life processes is crucial for studying the functioning and survival of living organisms.

What are the essential functions that living organisms perform to maintain their existence called? a) Life processes b) Metabolic activities c) Cellular respiration d) Photosynthesis Answer: a) Life processes

What is autotrophic nutrition? a) The process of consuming other organisms for nutrients b) The process of producing food using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide through photosynthesis c) The process of releasing energy from food through oxidation d) The process of removing waste products from the body Answer: b) The process of producing food using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide through photosynthesis

What is the process of releasing energy from food through the oxidation of glucose molecules called? a) Respiration b) Photosynthesis c) Transportation d) Reproduction Answer: a) Respiration

What does transportation involve? a) The intake of food and its utilization by the body b) The movement of materials within the body c) The removal of waste products generated by metabolic activities d) The process of producing offspring Answer: b) The movement of materials within the body

What is reproduction? a) The intake of food and its utilization by the body b) The movement of materials within the body c) The removal of waste products generated by metabolic activities d) The process of producing offspring of their own kind Answer: d) The process of producing offspring of their own kind

Hope the information shed above regarding Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes with Answers Pdf free download has been useful to an extent. If you have any other queries about CBSE Class 10 Science Life Processes Case Study and Passage-Based Questions with Answers, feel free to comment below so that we can revert back to us at the earliest possible. By Team Study Rate

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Case Study Chapter 6 Life Processes

Please refer to Chapter 6 Life Processes Case Study Questions with answers provided below. We have provided Case Study Questions for Class 10 Science for all chapters as per CBSE, NCERT and KVS examination guidelines. These case based questions are expected to come in your exams this year. Please practise these case study based Class 10 Science Questions and answers to get more marks in examinations.

Case Study Questions Chapter 6 Life Processes

Case/Passage – 1

There is a pair of bea n- shaped organs P in the human body towards the back, just above the waist. A waste product Q formed by the decomposition of unused proteins in the liver is brought into organ P through blood by an artery R. The numerous tiny filters S present in organ P clean the dirty blood by removing the waste product Q. The clean blood goes into circulation through a vein T. The waste substance Q, other waste salts, and excess water form a yellowish liquid U which goes from organ P into a bag-like structure V through two tubes W. This liquid is then thrown out of the body through a tube X.

Question: Name (i) artery R, and (ii) vein T.

Renal artery

Question: What are tiny filters S known as?

Question: What is (i) organ P, and (ii) waste substance Q?

Question: Name (i) liquid U (ii) structure V (iii) tubes W, and (iv) tube X.

(i) Urine (ii) Bladder (iii) Ureters (iv) Urethra

Case/Passage – 2

All living cells require energy for various activities. This energy is available by the breakdown of simple carbohydrates either using oxygen or without using oxygen.

Question: Energy in the case of higher plants and animals is obtained by (a) Breathing (b) Tissue respiration (c) Organ respiration (d) Digestion of food

Question: The graph below represents the blood lactic acid concentration of an athlete during a race of 400 m and shows a peak at point D. Lactic acid production has occurred in the athlete while running in the 400 m race. Respiration in athletics The blood of an athlete was tested before, during and after a 400m race: Respiration in athletics The blood of an athlete was tested before, during and after a 400m race:

Lactic acid production has occurred in the athlete while running in the 400 m race. Which of the following processes explains this event? Which of the following processes explains this event? (a) Aerobic respiration (b) Anaerobic respiration (c) Fermentation (d) Breathing

Question: Study the graph below that represents the amount of energy supplied with respect to the time while an athlete is running at full speed. Choose the correct combination of plots and justification provided in the following table.

Question: Study the table below and select the row that has the incorrect information. Aerobic Anaerobic (a) Location Cytoplasm Mitochondria (b) End Porduct CO 2 and H 2 O Ethanol and CO 2 (c) Amount of ATP High Low (d) Oxygen Needed Not needed

Question: The characteristic processes observed in anaerobic respiration are: (i) presence of oxygen (ii) release of carbon dioxide (iii) release of energy (iv) release of lactic acid (a) (i), (ii) only (b) (i), (ii), (iii) only (c) (ii), iii), iv) only (d) (iv) only

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CBSE Class 10

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter Wise Important Case Study Questions

Chapter wise important case study questions cbse class 10 science: cbse class 10 science board exam 2024 is just around the corner and students are working hard to score maximum marks. check these case study questions from class 10 science to ace your examination this year also download the solutions from the pdf attached towards the end. .

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter Wise Important Case Study Questions: While the CBSE Board exam for Class 10 students are ongoing, the CBSE Class 10 Science board exam 2024 is to be held on March 2, 2024. With the exams just a few days away, CBSE Class 10th Board exam candidates are rushing to prepare the remaining syllabus, practising their weak portions, trying to revise the important questions from the past year papers, practise questions, etc.

Why are CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Questions Important?

Section A : 20 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) carrying 1 mark each.
Section B : 6 Very Short Answer type questions carrying 2 marks each. Answers to these questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
Section C : 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 3 marks each. Answers to these questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
Section D : 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 5 marks each. Answers to these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
Section E : 3 Case Based/ Source Based units of assessment (4 marks each) with sub-parts.

How to solve case study questions in CBSE Class 10 Science?

Read the case given and the associated questions carefully.
Read the questions attentively and analyse what they are asking.
Apply your subject knowledge and theories in the given case to decide what the correct answers should be.

1.A chemical reaction is a representation of chemical change in terms of symbols and formulae of reactants and products. There are various types of chemical reactions like combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, oxidation and reduction reactions. Reactions in which heat is released along with the formation of products are called exothermic chemical reactions. All combustion reactions are exothermic reactions.

(i) The massive force that pushes the rocket forward through space is generated due to the

(a) combination reaction

(b) decomposition reaction

(d) double displacement reaction

(ii) A white salt on heating decomposes to give brown fumes and yellow residue is left behind. The yellow residue left is of

(a) lead nitrate

(b) nitrogen oxide

(d) oxygen gas

(iii) Which of the following reactions represents a combination reaction?

(a) CaO (s) + H2O (l) → Ca (OH)2 (aq)

(b) CaCO3 (s) → CaO (s) + CO2(g)

(d) 2FeSO4(s) → Fe2O3 (s) +SO2(g) + SO3(g)

(iv) Complete the following statements by choosing correct type of reaction for X and Y.

Statement 1: The heating of lead nitrate is an example of ‘X’ reaction.

Statement 2: The burning of magnesium is an example of ‘Y’ reaction.

(a)X-Combination,Y-Decomposition

(b)X-Decomposition,Y-Combination

(c)X-Combination,Y-Displacement

(d) X- Displacement, Y-Decomposition

2.The earlier concept of oxidation and reduction is based on the addition or removal of oxygen or hydrogen elements so, in terms of oxygen and hydrogen, oxidation is addition of oxygen to a substance and removal of hydrogen from a substance. On the other hand, reduction is addition of hydrogen to a substance and removal of oxygen from a substance. The substance which gives oxygen to another substance or removes hydrogen from another substance in an oxidation reaction is known as oxidising agent, while the substance which gives hydrogen to another substance or removes oxygen from another substance in a reduction reaction is known as reducing agent. For example,

(i) A redox reaction is one in which

(a) both the substances are reduced

(b) both the substances are oxidised

(d) one substance is oxidised while the other is reduced.

(ii) In the reaction, H2S+Cl2⟶S+2HCl

(a) H2S is the reducing agent.

(b) HCl is the oxidising agent.

(d) Cl2 is the reducing agent.

(iii) Which of the following processes does not involve either oxidation or reduction?

(a) Formation of slaked lime from quicklime.

(b) Heating mercuric oxide.

(d) Formation of zinc from zinc blende.

(iv) Mg+CuO⟶MgO+Cu

Which of the following is wrong relating to the above reaction?

(a) CuO gets reduced

(b) Mg gets oxidised.

(d) It is a redox reaction.

3.A copper vessel gets tarnished due to formation of an oxide layer on its surface. On rubbing lemon on the vessel, the surface is cleaned, and the vessel begins to shine again. This is due to the fact that which reacts with the acid present in lemon to form a salt which is washed away with water. As a result, the layer of copper oxide is removed from the surface of the vessel and the shining surface is exposed.

1.Which of the following acids is present in lemon?

(a) Formic acid

(b) Acetic acid

(d) Hydrochloric acid

2.The nature of copper oxide is

d) amphoteric

3.Name the salt formed in the above reaction

a) copper carbonate

b) copper chloride

c)copper citrate

d) copper citrate

4.The phenomenon of copper getting tarnished is

a) corrosion

b) rancidity

c) displacement

d)none of these

4.Metals as we know, are very useful in all fields, industries in particular. Non-metals are no less in any way. Oxygen present in air is essential for breathing as well as for combustion. Non-metals form a large number of compounds which are extremely useful, e.g., ammonia, nitric acid, sulphuric acid, etc. Non-metals are found to exist in three states of matter. Only solid non-metals are expected to be hard however, they have low density and are brittle. They usually have low melting and boiling points and are poor conductors of electricity.

i.____________ is a non-metal but is lustrous

A.Phosphorus

ii.Which of the following is known as 'King of chemicals'?

C. Sulphuric acid

D. Nitric acid

iii.Which of the following non-metals is a liquid?

iv.Hydrogen is used

A.for the synthesis of ammonia

B. for the synthesis of methyl alcohol

C.nitrogenous fertilizers

D. all of these

5.Nisha observed that the bottoms of cooking utensils were turning black in colour while the flame of her stove was yellow in colour. Her daughter suggested cleaning the air holes of the stove to get a clean, blue flame. She also told her mother that this would prevent the fuel from getting wasted.

a) Identify the reasons behind the sooty flame arising from the stove.

b) Can you distinguish between saturated and unsaturated compounds by burning them? Justify your answer.

c) Why do you think the colour of the flame turns blue once the air holes of the stove are cleaned?

6.Blood transport food, Oxygen and waste materials in our bodies. It consists of plasma as a fluid medium. A pumping organ [heart] is required to push the blood around the body. The blood flows through the chambers of the heart in a specific manner and direction. While flowing throughout the body, blood exerts a pressure against the wall or a vessel.

Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Very narrow and have high resistance
Much wide and have low resistance
Very narrow and have low resistance
Much wide and have high resistance
It is a hollow muscular organ
It is four chambered having three auricles and one ventricle.
It has different chambers to prevent O2 rich blood from mixing with the blood containing CO2
Both A & C
Blood = Plasma + RBC + WBC + Platelets
Plasma = Blood – RBC
Lymph = Plasma + RBC
Serum = Plasma + RBC + WBC

7.A brain is displayed at the Allen Institute for Brain Science. The human brain is a 3-pound (1.4-kilogram) mass of jelly-like fats and tissues—yet it's the most complex of all known living structures The human brain is more complex than any other known structure in the universe. Weighing in at three pounds, on average, this spongy mass of fat and protein is made up of two overarching types of cells—called glia and neurons— and it contains many billions of each. Neurons are notable for their branch-like projections called axons and dendrites, which gather and transmit electrochemical signals. Different types of glial cells provide physical protection to neurons and help keep them, and the brain, healthy. Together, this complex network of cells gives rise to every aspect of our shared humanity. We could not breathe, play, love, or remember without the brain.

1)Animals such as elephants, dolphins, and whales actually have larger brains, but humans have the most developed cerebrum. It's packed to capacity inside our skulls and is highly folded. Why our brain is highly folded?

b) Learning

3)Which among these protects our brain?

a)Neurotransmitter

b) Cerebrospinal fluid

d) Grey matter

4.Ram was studying in his room. Suddenly he smells something burning and sees smoke in the room. He rushes out of the room immediately. Was Ram’s action voluntary or involuntary? Why?

8.Preeti is very fond of gardening. She has different flowering plants in her garden. One day a few naughty children entered her garden and plucked many leaves of Bryophyllum plant and threw them here and there in the garden. After few days, Preeti observed that new Bryophyllum plants were coming out from the leaves which fell on the ground.

1.What does the incident sited in the paragraph indicate?

(a). Bryophyllum leaves have special buds that germinate to give rise to new plant.

(b). Bryophyllum can propagate vegetatively through leaves.

(c). Bryophyllum is a flowering plant that reproduces only asexually

(d). Both (a) and (b).

2.Which of the following plants can propagate vegetatively through leaves like Bryophyllum?

3.Do you think any other vegetative part of Bryophyllum can help in propagation? If yes, then which part?

4.Which of the following plant is artificially propagated (vegetatively) by stem cuttings in horticultural practices?

(b)Snakeplant

(d)Water hyacinth

9.The growing size of the human population is a cause of concern for all people. The rate of birth and death in a given population will determine its size. Reproduction is the process by which organisms increase their population. The process of sexual maturation for reproduction is gradual and takes place while general body growth is still going on. Some degree of sexual maturation does not necessarily mean that the mind or body is ready for sexual acts or for having and bringing up children. Various contraceptive devices are being used by human beings to control the size of the population.

1) What are common signs of sexual maturation in boys?

a) Broadening of shoulders

b) Development of mammary glands

c) Broadening of waist

d) High pitch of voice

2) Common sign of sexual maturation in girls is

a) Low pitch voice

b) Appearance of moustache and beard

c) Development of mammary glands

d) Broadening of shoulders

3) Which contraceptive method changes the hormonal balance of the body?

b) Diaphragms

c) Oral pills

d) Both a) and b)

4) What should be maintained for healthy society?

a) Rate of birth and death rate

b) Male and female sex ratio

c) Child sex ratio

d) None of these

10.Pea plants can have smooth seeds or wrinkled seeds. One of the phenotypes is completely dominant over the other. A farmer decides to pollinate one flower of a plant with smooth seeds using pollen from a plant with wrinkled seeds. The resulting pea pod has all smooth seeds.

i) Which of the following conclusions can be drawn?

(1) The allele for smooth seeds is dominated over that of wrinkled seeds.

(2) The plant with smooth seeds is heterozygous.

(3) The plant with wrinkled seeds is homozygous.

(b) 1 and 2 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

ii) Which of the following crosses will give smooth and wrinkled seeds in same proportion?

(a) RR X rr

(b) Rr X rr

(d) rr X rr

iii) Which of the following cross can be used to determine the genotype of a plant with dominant phenotype?

(a) RR X RR

(b) Rr X Rr

(d) RR X rr

iv) On crossing of two heterozygous smooth seeded plants (Rr), a total of 1000 plants were obtained in F1 generation. What will be the respective number of smooth and wrinkled seeds obtained in F1 generation?

(a) 750, 250

(b) 500, 500

(d) 950, 50

11.Food chains are very important for the survival of most species.When only one element is removed from the food chain it can result in extinction of a species in some cases.The foundation of the food chain consists of primary producers.Primary producers or autotrophs,can use either solar energy or chemical energy to create complex organic compounds,whereas species at higher trophic levels cannot and so must consume producers or other life that itself consumes producers. Because the sun’s light is necessary for photosynthesis,most life could not exist if the sun disappeared.Even so,it has recently been discovered that there are some forms of life,chemotrophs,that appear to gain all their metabolic energy from chemosynthesis driven by hydrothermal vents,thus showing that some life may not require solar energy to thrive.

1.If 10,000 J solar energy falls on green plants in a terrestrial ecosystem,what percentage of solar energy will be converted into food energy?

(d)It will depend on the type of the terrestrial plant

2.Matter and energy are two fundamental inputs of an ecosystem. Movement of

(a)Energy is by directional and matter is repeatedly circulating

(b)Energy is repeatedly circulating and matter is unidirectional

(c)Energy is unidirectional and matter is repeatedly circulating

(d)Energy is multidirectional and matter is bidirectional

3.Raj is eating curd/yoghurt. For this food intake in a food chain he should be considered as occupying

(a)First trophic level

(b)Second trophic level

(c)Third trophic level

(d)Fourth trophic level

4.Which of the following, limits the number of trophic levels in a food chain

(a)Decrease in energy at higher trophic levels

(b)Less availability of food

(c)Polluted air

5.The decomposers are not included in the food chain. The correct reason for the same is because decomposers

(a) Act at every trophic level at the food chain

(b) Do not breakdown organic compounds

(d) Release enzymes outside their body to convert organic material to inorganic forms

12.Shyam participated in a group discussion in his inter school competition on the practical application of light and was very happy to win an award for his school. That very evening his father gave treat to celebrate Shyam’s win. Shyam while sitting saw an image of a person sitting at his backside in his curved plate and could see that person’s mobile drop in the flower bed. Person was not aware until Shyam went and informed him. He thanked Shyam for his clever move.

a)From which side of his plate Shyam observed the incident –

i)outward curved

ii)inward curved

iii)plane surface

b)Part of plate from which Shyam observed the incident acted like a-

i)concave mirror

ii)convex mirror

iii)plane mirror

c)The nature of the size of the image formed in above situation is –

i)real, inverted and magnified

ii)same size , laterally inverted

iii)virtual, erect and diminished

iv)real , inverted and diminished

d)Magnification of the image formed by convex mirror is –

more than 1

iii)equal to 1

iv)less than 1

The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is

(a) at focus

When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is

(a)real and smaller

(b) virtual and smaller

The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus ofconvex lens is

(a) highly magnified

(b) point in size

When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is

(b) between F and optical center

(d) none of the above

14.One of the wires in domestic circuits supply, usually with a red insulation cover, is called live wire. with black insulation is called neutral wire. The earth wire, which has insulation of green colour, is usually connected to a metal plate deep in the earth near the house appliances that has a metallic body. Overloading contact, in such a situation the current in the circuit abruptly increases. circuit prevents damage to the appliances and the circuit due to overloading.

1 When do we say that an electrical appliance

2 Mention the function of earth wire in electrical line

3 How is an electric fuse connected in a domestic circuit?

4 When overloading and short circuiting are said to occur?

5 What is a live wire?

15.Light of all the colours travel at the same speed in vacuum for all wavelengths. But in any transparent medium(glass or water), the light of different colours travels at different speeds for different wavelengths, which means that the refractive index of a particular medium is different for different wavelengths. As there is a difference in their speeds, the light of different colours bend through different angles. The speed of violet colour is maximum and the speed of red colour is minimum in glass so, the red light deviates least and violet colour deviates most. Hence, higher the wavelength of a colour of light, smaller the refractive index and less is the bending of light.

(i)Which of the following statements is correct regarding the propagation of Light of different colours of white light in air?

(a) Red light moves fastest.

(b) Blue light moves faster than green light.

(d) Yellow light moves with the mean speed as that of the red and the violet light.

(ii)Which of the following is the correct order of wavelength?

(a) Red> Green> Yellow

(b) Red> Violet> Green

(d) Red> Yellow> Orange

(iii)Which of the following is the correct order of speed of light in glass?

(a) Red> Green> Blue

(b) Blue> Green> Red

(d) Green> Red> Blue

(iv)Which colour has maximum frequency?

16.The region around a magnet where magnetism acts is represented by the magnetic field.The force of magnetism is due to moving charge or some magnetic material. Like stationary charges produce an electric field proportional to the magnitude of charge, moving charges produce magnetic fields proportional to the current. In other words, a current carrying conductor produces a magnetic field around it. The subatomic particles in the conductor, like the electrons moving in atomic orbitals, are responsible for the production of magnetic fields. The magnetic field lines around a straight conductor (straight wire) carrying current are concentric circles whose centres lie on the wire.

1)The magnetic field associated with a current carrying straight conductor is in anti- clockwise direction. If the conductor was held horizontally along east west direction,what is the direction of current through it?

2)Name and state the rule applied to determine the direction of magnetic field in a straight current carrying conductor.

3)Ramus performs an experiment to study the magnetic effect of current around a current carrying straight conductor with the help of a magnetic compass. He reports that

a)The degree of deflection of magnetic compass increases when the compass is moved away from the conductor.

b)The degree of deflection of the magnetic compass increases when the current through the conductor is increased.

Which of the above observations of the student appears to be wrong and why?

Case Study Questions Class 10 Science CBSE Chapter Wise PDF

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CBSE 10th Standard Science Subject Life Processes Chapter Case Study Questions With Solution 2021

By QB365 on 21 May, 2021

QB365 Provides the updated CASE Study Questions for Class 10 , and also provide the detail solution for each and every case study questions . Case study questions are latest updated question pattern from NCERT, QB365 will helps to get more marks in Exams

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Cbse 10th standard science subject life processes case study questions with solution 2021.

10th Standard CBSE

Final Semester - June 2015

(ii) Fermentation is represented by the equation $\text { (a) } \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}+6 \mathrm{O}_{2} \rightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_{2}+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+686 \mathrm{kcal}$ $\text { (b) } \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}+2 \mathrm{CO}_{2}+59 \mathrm{kcal}$ $\text { (c) } 6 \mathrm{CO}_{2}+12 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \frac{\text { Light }}{\text { Chlorophyll }}>\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+6 \mathrm{O}_{2}$ $\text { (d) } 6 \mathrm{CO}_{2}+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}+6 \mathrm{O}_{2} \text { . }$ (iii) A test tube containing molasses solution and yeast is kept in a warm place overnight. The gas collected from this mixture

(iv) Ethyl alcohol fermentation occurs in

(v) Though vertebrates are aerobes, but their (i) show anaerobic respiration during (ii) During this (iii) of skeletal muscle fibres is broken down-to release lactic acid and energy. Lactic acid, if accumulates causes muscle fatigue. Fill up the blanks in the above paragraph and select the correct option

(iii) Which of the following animals shows double circulatory pathway?

(v) Select the option which properly represents pulmonary circulation in humans. $\text { (a) Left auricle } \frac{\text { Deoxygenated }}{\text { blood }}{\longrightarrow} \text { Lungs } \frac{\text { Oxygenated }}{\text { blood }} \text { Right ventricle }$ $\text { (b) Left auricle } \frac{\text { Oxygenated }}{\text { blood }}{\longrightarrow} \text { Lungs } \frac{\text { Deoxygenated }}{\text { blood }}{\longrightarrow} \text { Right ventricle }$ $\text { (c) Right ventricle } \frac{\text { Deoxygenated }}{\text { blood }}{\longrightarrow} \text { Lungs } \frac{\text { Oxygenated }}{\text { blood }} \rightarrow \text { Left auricle }$ $\text { (d) Right ventricle } \frac{\text { Oxygenated }}{\text { blood }}>\text { Lungs } \frac{\text { Deoxygenated }}{\text { blood }} \gg \text { Left auricle }$

Transpiration is the evaporative loss of water by plants. It occurs mainly through the stoma in the leaves. Besides the loss of water vapour in transpiration, exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the leaf also occurs through pores called stomata. Normally stomata remain open in the day time and close during the night (i) Which of the following will not directly affect transpiration?

(v) Which of the following sequences is correct to initiate inspiration? (I) The contraction of intercostal muscles raises the ribs and sternum (II) Volume of thorax increases (III) Intrathoracic pressure of the lungs decreases (IV) Diaphragm contraction (v) Air rushes into lungs

The green plants make their food, through photosynthesis and are therefore called autotrophs. All other organisms depend upon green plants for food and are referred to as heterotrophs. Green plants carry out photosynthesis by using light energy of sun. The first phase of reactions are directly light driven therefore called light reactions. The second phase of reactions are not directly light driven but are dependent on the products of light reactions and are called dark reactions. (i) Which of the following is produced during the light phase of photosynthesis?

(ii) In the overall process of photosynthesis, the number of sugar molecules produced is

(v) Following table summarises the differences between light and dark reactions.

Which of the following is correct group of differences?

*****************************************

Cbse 10th standard science subject life processes case study questions with solution 2021 answer keys.

(i) (c): In the test tube full of mercury (figure A) there is no air and, therefore, the introduced soaked seeds do not get air for aerobic respiration. But they are capable of respiration in the absence of oxygen as is indicated by the evolution of carbon dioxide (figure B). Therefore, anaerobic respiration takes place in the seeds in the absence of free oxygen. The experiment also shows that CO 2 is evolved in anaerobic respiration of seeds. (ii) (b) (iii) (d): The given process is an example of alcoholic fermentation, thus the gas produced is CO 2 . (iv) (c): Ethyl alcohol fermentation occurs in fungi such as Rhizopus, yeast and bacteria. (v) (a): Muscle fatigue is the reduction in force of contraction of a muscle after prolonged stimulation. In the absence of oxygen, skeletal muscle of human beings can contract for a short time, but it gets fatigued soon. This is due to the fact that in the absence of oxygen, products of glycolysis mainly lactic acid is not disposed off and accumulates in the muscles. This leads to muscle fatigue and pain in the muscles. A muscle gets fatigued sooner after a strenuous exercise than after a mild exercise. Faster breathing for sometime after a strenuous exercise supplies extra oxygen, disposes off excess lactic acid and muscle fatigue disappears.

(i) (c): A- Artery: Carries blood from heart to different body parts. It is thick-walled and elastic. It acts as a "pressure reservoir" for maintaining the blood flow. B - Capillary : Nutrients, hormones, gases, etc. can diffuse into tissue cells through capillaries and vice versa. It is thin-walled, and only one cell layer thick resting on basement membrane. C - Vein: Brings blood from different body parts to the heart. It is thin-walled and act as low-resistance conduct for blood flow. D - Pulmonary vein: Two pulmonary veins from each lung transport the oxygenated blood to the left atrium. (ii) (d): In amphibians, the left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the gills/lungs/skin and the right atrium gets the deoxygenated blood from other body parts. However, they get mixed up in the single ventricle which pumps out mixed blood i.e., incomplete double circulation (iii) (d): Whale is a mammal and in mammals, two separate circulatory pathways are found - systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation. Oxygenated and deoxygenated bloods received by the left and right atria respectively pass on to the left and right ventricles. Thus, oxygenated and deoxygenated bloods are not mixed. This is referred to as double circulation. (iv) (a) (v) (c): Pulmonary circulation is the movement of blood between heart and lungs. During this pathway deoxygenated blood entering the right atrium, moves into the right ventricle. From here it moves through the pulmonary arch into the lungs for oxygenation. Then from lungs the oxygenated blood moves into the left atrium through pulmonary veins.

(i) (d) (ii) (d) (iii) (b): The epidermal surface of the leaf exhibits a large number of minute openings called stomata. The stomata are bordered by two specialized epidermal cells - the guard cells which in some cases are accompanied by subsidiary cells. The walls of guard cells are unevenly thickened. Each guard cell has thick, inelastic inner wall and thin, elastic outer wall. Stomatal aperture is present in between the guard cells. Guard cells are not always surrounded by accessory cells or subsidiary cells. (iv) (b) (v) (a)

(i) (c) : Number of RBCs per cubic millimetre of blood is likely to be higher in people living at high altitudes. This is in response to the air being less dense at high altitude and thus more RBCs (and hence more Hb) are needed to absorb the required amount of O 2 from the air having low pO 2 (partial pressure of O 2 ). (ii) (c): The change from II to III indicates decrease in the volume of lungs and thus, increase in the pressure of air inside the lungs. This results in movement of air out of the lungs. (iii) (c) (iv) (b): p-pharynx, q-trachea, r-alveoli, s-diaphragm, t-ribs (v) (c)

(i) (d): In light reaction of photosynthesis assimilatory power is produced, i.e., energy rich ATP molecules and reduced coenzyme NADPH. (ii) (d): The equation of photosynthesis may be represented as $6 \mathrm{CO}_{2}+12 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+6 \mathrm{O}_{2}$ No. of C 6 H 12 O 6 (sugar) molecules produced =1 (iii) (c) (iv) (b): Light reactions (or photochemical phase) of photosynthesis mainly occur on the grana thylakoids. Dark reactions (or biosynthetic phase) which involve synthesis of carbohydrates by CO 2 fixation, occur inthe stroma (or matrix) of chloroplasts. The chloroplast matrix of higher plants stores starch temporarily in the form of starch granules. (v) (b): Light reactions are also called photochemical phase whereas dark reactions are also called biochemical phase.

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CBSE Class 10 Science Case Based MCQ Questions

CBSE Term 1 exam is not so far and surely you have begun the preparation for the board exam. Therefore we have dedicated this page to help you out in your preparation. This year for the first time the board has introduced the Case based Questions which will be asked in the Term 1 exam that is likely to be held in November-December.

Therefore, we have brought you the CBSE Class 10 Science Case Based MCQ on this page. The questions are given in objective types. Such types of questions are solved by reading the given scenario in the paragraph.

All these science case study questions are developed as per the new CBSE Pattern. The team of subject matter experts have crafted the given MCQs. The Case Based Questions that we are providing here are worthy to solve and practice because class 10th syllabus has been taken into consideration while preparing the problems.

CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study, Assertion & Reasoning, MCQ

The Class tenth CBSE Science Case Study, Assertion & Reasoning, MCQs are very helpful in practicing and getting a deep understanding in the topics of science. However, a comprehensible knowledge of NCERT Science Book is a must to be able to solve these types of problems.

The PDF that is available here to download contains the problems in three different variants; One is general objective types of questions that is MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions), second one is Assertion and Reasoning and the last one is Case-Based Questions.

If you Download PDF CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study from the given links, then you will be able to get the quick revision for each chapter that will help you to recall your learnings and give you information about some important Chemicals Formulas and reactions.

What are Assertion & Reasoning Questions?

Assertion & Reasoning questions are basically a type of multiple-choice question that is solved by reading the given statement and the reason. The question typically consists of one statement followed by its reason. Students' duty is to verify both statements and reason whether they are correct or not and if they are correct then it is time to look at whether the given statement truly satisfies the reason or not.

These questions should not be difficult to solve but you have to have rigorous and extensive practice. The Assertion & Reasoning questions along with the solutions are given in the CBSE Class 10 Science case study 2021-2022 PDF that is available here.

Class 10th has very basic and important chapters that are necessary to solve. A few chapters that are available in the beginning of the science books are Chemical Reactions and Equations, Acids, Bases and Salts, Metals and Non-metals, Carbon and Its Compounds, Periodic Classification of Elements, Life Processes, etc.

Since you are here to find out the CBSE Class 10 Science MCQ Based Questions, the possibilities are you need CBSE Class 10 Maths Case Study Questions too.

FAQs on CBSE Class 10th Science Case Study Questions

Case Study Questions are based on the data which are given in the form of passage. These types of questions generally consist of real life examples. Usually it contains upto 4 or 5 questions.

To prepare for Class 10 Science MCQ Be thorough with the concepts, Practice the questions regularly, Attempt online tests as much as you can. To do all these things visit the Selfstudys.com. They are providing everything for free of cost.

In class 10 Science Based Questions you will be asked to answer the questions that are explained in the standard Xth Science Syllabus. However, the problems will be related to real world examples.

To find Class 10 Science Chapter wise Assertion and Reason Questions you simply need to reach at the Selfstudys website. It provides all the study resources for free of cost. You will be able to download the assertion reason with solutions as well.

No, CBSE Class 10 Science Case Based MCQ Question is not difficult, if you pay a good attention to the given paragraph. It is important to be able to find the tiny details in the passage to answer the Case Based questions.

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Class 10 Science: Case Study Chapter 6 Life Processes PDF Download

In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on Assertion and Reason . There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given.

Here we are providing you with Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes Case Study Questions, by practicing this Case Study and Passage Based Questions will help you in your Class 10th Board Exam.

Case Study Chapter 6 Life Processes

Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes

Case Study/Passage-Based Questions

Question 1:

(i) Which of the following will not directly affect transpiration?

Answer: (d) Chlorophyll content of leaves

Answer: (d) Both processes can happen together at day time.

Answer: (b) Guard cells are always surrounded by subsidiary cells.

Answer: (b) Prevents loss of water

Answer: (a) P-Atmospheric temperature; Q-Atmospheric pressure

Question 2:

Answer: (b) Yeast, mushroom, bread mould

(ii) Which of the following is a parasite? (a) Yeast (b) Taenia (c) Amoeba (d) Earthworm

Answer: (b) Taenia

(iii) Which of the following is an example of saprotroph? (a) Grass (b) Mushroom (c) Amoeba (d) Paramecium

Answer: (b) Mushroom

Answer: (c) utilisation of energy obtained by plants

(v) In Paramecium, food enters the body through (a) mouth (b) pseudopodia (c) cilia (d) cytostom

Answer: (d) cytostom

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes

Chapter 6 Life Processes Class 10 NCERT Solutions

Ncert solutions for class 10 science chapters:, how does amoeba engulf its food, which part of the roots is involved in exchange of respiratory gases, define photolysis., what are chemotrophs, what is the mode of nutrition in fungi, contact form.

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NCERT Solutions Life Processes Class 10 Science Chapter 6 | Download Free PDF
NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 - Life Processes

Class 10th is one of the most critical years of a student's life; this class can help you understand all the basic concepts you will use in the coming years of your education. When it comes to science, a student needs to be extra careful as this class brings so many new concepts that need to be understood with total attention. As a student, life processes chapter 10 is one of the subjects that doesn't ask you to make assumptions to solve an answer. Besides, it gives you a formula and its derivation that shows how the formula finally came into existence and why you need to use it in the first place.

The Class 10 Science chapter 6 tells students about metabolism, which is a chemical process that occurs in a human body responsible for controlling the human state of the cells in an organism. The metabolism has two classes catabolism and anabolism. Vedantu is a platform that provides free NCERT Solutions and other study materials for students. Maths Students who are looking for better solutions ,They can download Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions to help you to revise complete syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Topics and Subtopics under Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Activities Solutions

The following is a list of topics and subtopics that have been covered in the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 CBSE Science Chapter 6:

Life Processes

What Are Life Processes?

Respiration

Transportation

Access NCERT Solutions Class 10 for Biology Chapter 6 - Life Processes

1. Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of multicellular organisms like humans?

Ans: Diffusion is insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of multicellular organisms like humans because the process of diffusion is very slow and will take a lot of time to reach each and every cell of the body since our body is very huge and complex and each and every cell of the body requires oxygen.

2. What criteria do we use to decide whether something is alive?

Ans: The main criteria that we use to decide whether something is alive or dead are the events of Life processes. These fundamental life processes include nutrition, respiration, transportation, excretion, control and coordination, growth, and reproduction. If these processes occur normally then the organism is considered living because in the case of non-living organisms these processes do not take place

3. What are outside raw materials used by an organism?

Ans: Food, water, and oxygen are the outside raw materials that are used by an organism. These raw materials vary in amounts, source, and type depending upon various organisms and are used mainly for some important functions in the body of the organisms. They also provide energy to the body to perform various functions.

4. What processes would you consider essential for maintaining life?

Ans: The processes that are essential for maintaining life are nutrition, respiration, transportation, excretion, and control, and coordination. These are the processes that make the organism living.

5. What are the differences between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition?

Ans: The differences between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition are:

6. Where do plants get each of the raw materials required for photosynthesis?

Ans: These raw materials required by plants for photosynthesis are as follows: sunlight, water, carbon dioxide, and chlorophyll.

Carbon dioxide in plants can be obtained from the atmosphere and is absorbed through the stomata.

Water is absorbed by the roots of plants from the soil as soil mainly holds the water.

Sunlight is obtained from nature.

Chlorophyll acts as the main component and is found in the plant organelle called a chloroplast. (Chlorophyll is found in all of the green parts of the plants).

7. What is the role of the acid in our stomach?

Ans: The role of the acid in our stomach is to mainly dissolve the large chunks of food and create an acidic medium to activate various digestive enzymes. In the acidic medium, the enzyme pepsinogen is activated and then converted to pepsin, which is a protein-digesting enzyme and helps in the digestion of proteins and can also kill the bacteria present in the stomach that enters along with food. The enzyme pepsin requires HCl to get activated in the presence of HCl. The acid will break down the food more easily and helps in absorbing nutrients and easy digestion of food.

8. What is the function of digestive enzymes?

Ans: The digestive enzymes perform certain important functions that include the breaking down of complex food molecules into simpler food molecules that can be easily absorbed by the cells of the body. These enzymes also function as a biocatalyst that increases the rate of reaction and thus accelerates the rate of breaking down of complex food. There are various digestive enzymes present in the body, such as pepsin, trypsin, amylase, lipase, etc.

9. Write the role of villi in the human digestive system.

Ans: Villi are the finger-like projections that are present throughout the lining of the internal surface of the small intestine. They are primarily responsible for increasing the surface area of the small intestine which in turn increases surface area for absorption of the digested food. Villi are majorly supplied with blood vessels that help to absorb digested food into the bloodstream.

10. What advantage over an aquatic organism does a terrestrial organism have with regard to obtaining oxygen for respiration?

Ans: The advantage terrestrial organisms have over aquatic organisms is the amount of oxygen present in the surroundings. Terrestrial organisms have air in the atmosphere that surrounds them making it easy for them to breathe while in the case of aquatic organisms they breathe the air which is dissolved in the water. Thus the amount of oxygen present in the air is much more than the amount of oxygen present in the water.

11. What are the different ways in which glucose is oxidized to provide energy in various organisms?

Ans: The different ways in which glucose is oxidized to provide energy in various organisms are:

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12. In mammals and birds, why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood?

Ans: In Mammals and birds it is important to separate the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood because they are homoeothermic and warm-blooded animals. Due to this character, they can maintain their temperature constant throughout and the changes in their environment do not affect their body temperature regulation. This process also results in a good supply of oxygen in the case of birds and mammals so that optimum oxidation of glucose can take place. So to supply the required amount of oxygen it is important to have separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

13. List three characteristics of the lungs that make them an efficient respiratory surface.

Ans: The characteristics that make lungs an efficient respiratory surface are:

1. Thin: The walls of the alveoli or air sac are very thin resulting in the quick diffusion of gases. They help in the absorption of oxygen inside the blood by inhalation process and also remove the carbon dioxide from the lungs by exhaling it to the outside.

2. Moist: The air sacs are composed of mucus that makes them moist which helps the gases to dissolve easily before diffusing.

3. Large surface area: In the lungs of human beings, its surface area is almost similar to the surface area of the tennis court that helps in the diffusion of gases. The alveoli or air sacs results in increasing the surface area of the lungs for the absorption of oxygen.

4. Good blood supply: The air sacs or alveoli are composed of a large capillary network that helps in the exchange of large volumes of gases. Thus greater the flow of blood in the lungs the greater would be the exchange of gases.

14. What are the components of the transport system in human beings? What are the functions of these components?

Ans: The main components of the transport system in human beings are the heart, blood, and blood vessels and their function are as follows:

The heart helps in pumping the oxygenated blood throughout the body. From the various parts of the body the deoxygenated blood is accumulated in the heart and from there it goes to the lungs for oxygenation.

Blood is the main body fluid that helps in the transport of nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogenous wastes, and hormones. Blood also consists of white blood cells (WBCs) thus making it the main component of our immune system. Blood also consists of platelets that cause the clotting of blood that helps in repairing the damaged blood vessels. Also, the temperature of the body is also maintained by transportation.

Blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries) are responsible for blood transportation either from the heart to various other body organs or from various body organs to the heart. All arteries carry oxygenated except pulmonary arteries and they transport blood from the heart to various parts of the body while all veins carry deoxygenated blood except pulmonary veins. The material that exchanges between the blood and tissues takes place inside the capillaries.

15. What are the components of the transport system in highly organized plants?

Ans: In highly organized plants, the transport system consists of vascular tissues. These are also called conducting tissues that two are of different types which include − xylem and phloem. The water and mineral which is obtained from the soil through roots are conducted through the xylem tissues to various parts of the plant while the food materials are conducted through the phloem tissues from the leaves to different parts of the plant body.

16. How are water and minerals transported in plants?

Ans: The transportation of water and minerals in the plants occurs through the xylem tissues which is a part of the vascular system and occurs mainly in the upward direction that is from roots to the leaves while the other part of the vascular system includes phloem vessels which help in the transportation of the photosynthetic products within the plants, from leaves to all parts like the stem, roots, fruits, etc. and the transportation takes place in all directions.

17. How is food transported in plants?

Ans: The food is produced in the leaves of the plants through the process of photosynthesis and from leaves it is then transported to various parts of the body through phloem tissues. The phloem requires energy in the form of ATP for the transportation of food materials. This results in the development of osmotic pressure inside the tissue that increases the movement of water into the tissues. The osmotic pressure results in the movement of the material in the phloem to those tissues which have less pressure. This helps the tissue in moving the food materials according to the needs of the plant. Sucrose is a food material that requires energy in the form of ATP when it is transported into the phloem tissue.

18. Describe the structure and function of the nephron in the human body.

Ans: The structural and the functional units of the kidney are Nephrons (filtration units). Each kidney consists of a large number of nephrons. Nephrons are composed mainly of two parts - renal corpuscle and renal tubule.

The renal corpuscle is composed of a cup-shaped structure called Bowman’s capsule which is surrounded by a cluster of capillaries that helps in the collection of filtered urine. The composition of urine changes as it passes through the tubular part of the nephron due to the reabsorption of amino acids, glucose, salts, and water. The reabsorption of the amount of water and other substances depends on their presence in the body. The urine then enters the collecting duct of the kidney from where it is then transported to the long tube called the ureter. Lastly, the urine is then collected in the urinary bladder.

19. What are the methods used by plants to get rid of excretory products?

Ans: The excretory products of the plants may either be excreted out or may be stored as per the need of the plant. The excess amount of water in the plants can be removed by transpiration while the waste materials may be stored in the cell vacuoles or especially in old xylem vessels such as gum and resin. If it is also stored in the leaves then they fall off later. By the process of diffusion through stomata, the waste products that are obtained at the end of photosynthesis (oxygen) and respiration (carbon dioxide) are released.

20. How is the amount of urine produced regulated?

Ans: The amount of urine that is regulated depends upon the amount of water and other substances that are present. The urine is composed mainly of water so water is the main component in its regulation. If the amount of water is more in the body then the water reabsorbed will be less and more water will be released from the body and vice versa. There are various other factors that are responsible for the regulation of urine hormone such as Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and also the habitat of an organism that regulates the amount of urine produced.

21. The kidneys in human beings are a part of the system for

(a) Nutrition.

(b) Respiration.

(d) Transportation.

Ans: (c) The kidneys in human beings are a part of the system for excretion. They are the organs that help in the excretion and removal of waste materials from the body through the regulation of urine.

22. The xylem in plants is responsible for

(a) The transport of water.

(b) Transport of food.

(d) Transport of oxygen.

Ans: (a) The xylem in plants is responsible for the transport of water. The xylem tissues are the vascular or conducting tissues that help in the transport of water and minerals from the roots to various parts of the plant. These minerals and water are absorbed from the soil through the roots.

23. The autotrophic mode of nutrition requires

(a) Carbon dioxide and water.

(b) Chlorophyll.

(d) All of the above.

Ans: (d) The autotrophic mode of nutrition requires carbon dioxide, water, chlorophyll, and sunlight. Autotrophic nutrition is the process of making food by the organism itself. The food here is prepared by the process of photosynthesis which requires all the raw materials that are mentioned above.

24. The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water, and energy takes place in

(a) Cytoplasm.

(b) Mitochondria.

(d) Nucleus.

Ans: (b) The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water, and energy takes place in mitochondria. This process is known as aerobic respiration where oxygen is required.

25. How are fats digested in our bodies? Where does this process take place?

Ans: Fats are present in the small intestine of our body in the form of large globules. The various juices from the liver (bile juice) and liver (pancreatic juice) are secreted in the small intestine. The bile salts that are released from the bile juice of the liver will help in breaking down the large fat globules into smaller globules so that the pancreatic enzymes (lipases) can easily act on them. The process of breaking down large fat globules into smaller fat droplets is termed emulsification.

26. What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food?

Ans: Saliva is a watery fluid that is secreted by the salivary glands present in the mouth. The functions of saliva start from the moistening of food that results in the formation of a food bolus, this food bolus can be easily swallowed and thus saliva helps in the process of digestion of food starting from the mouth. Saliva breaks down starch into maltose and dextrin with the help of an enzyme amylase present in it.

27. What are the necessary conditions for autotrophic nutrition and what are its by-products?

Ans: Autotrophic nutrition is the process where the organisms make their own food by themselves; this takes place through the process of photosynthesis. The necessary conditions that are required for autotrophic nutrition are the presence of sunlight along with raw materials that include carbon dioxide, water, and chlorophyll. The by-products of autotrophic nutrition are the carbohydrates in the form of glucose (food) and oxygen which are inhaled by animals.

$6{ CO }_{ 2 }+6{ H }_{ 2 }O\xrightarrow { Sunlight\quad Energy } { C }_{ 6 }{ H }_{ 12 }{ O }_{ 6 }+6{ O }_{ 2 }$

28. What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? Name some organisms that use the anaerobic mode of respiration.

Ans: The differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration are:

29. How are the alveoli designed to maximize the exchange of gases?

Ans: Alveoli are the air sacs that are in the form of tiny pouches or sac-like structures present inside the lungs. They are in the form of balloon-like structures which increase the surface area for inhalation of air composed of blood capillaries. The alveoli present in the lungs are more than millions that increase the surface area of the lungs for the exchange of gases. Thus, a large amount of air is brought in contact with the air in the lungs; this maximizes the exchange of gases in the lungs.

30. What would be the consequences of a deficiency of hemoglobin in our bodies?

Ans: Haemoglobin is found in the red blood cell of the blood as the respiratory pigment that helps in the transportation of oxygen to the body cells for cellular respiration. Therefore, if the hemoglobin is deficient in the blood then it will affect the oxygen supplying capacity of blood resulting in the deficiency of oxygen in the body cells. This can also lead to anemia, an iron deficiency condition where the amount of blood in the body is quite less than required.

31. Describe double circulation in human beings. Why is it necessary?

Ans: Double circulation is a process of blood circulation in which blood flows twice through the heart.

It constitutes of two steps:

1. Pulmonary circulation.

2. Systemic circulation.

Pulmonary circulation starts from the right ventricle and ends in the left atrium after the process of oxygenation occurs from the lungs.

While the systemic circulation starts from the left ventricle and ends in the right atrium after the materials get exchanged throughout the body.

Importance Of Double Circulation:

The oxygen is supplied more efficiently to the body cells when there is a separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. The efficient oxygen supply in human beings is very useful for the maintenance of high blood pressure for various processes and also provides pure blood to reach various parts of the body.

32. What are the differences between the transport of materials in the xylem and phloem?

Ans: The differences between the transport of materials in the xylem and phloem are:

33. Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with respect to their structure and functioning.

Ans: The comparison of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys are:

Science NCERT Grade 10, Chapter 6, Life Processes offers the approaches important to preserving life in living organisms. The term life processes are described in the chapter. Also, the significance of numerous organs involved in carrying out significant life processes is likewise taken into consideration. The manner of nutrition is covered in detail alongside its related concepts. The following modes of nutrition in living organisms are mentioned:

Autotrophic nutrition

Heterotrophic nutrition

The diagrammatic illustration of the cross-segment of the leaf and the open and closed stomatal pore is blanketed beneath the autotrophic mode of nutrition. It additionally talks approximately the critical elements important to result in the procedure of photosynthesis. The process of nutrition in amoeba and human beings is ascribed alongside their schematic view. Additional information on dental caries is also furnished in the chapter.

The manner of respiration is likewise defined in detail in the chapter, Life Processes. The breakdown of glucose by numerous pathways in the human body is mentioned.

A schematic view of the human respiratory system is covered in the chapter. Subsequently, the manner of transpiration is dealt with in-depth. A schematic sectional view of the human heart along with the transportation and interchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the human body is presented in the chapter.

Similarly, the manner of transportation of water, meals, and different substances in plants is also defined. The whole mechanism of excretion in humans is mentioned with the assistance of an appropriate diagram. Supplementary information on artificial kidney and organ donation is likewise provided in the chapter, Life Processes.

The subjects discussed in the chapter, Life Processes are - What are Life Processes, Nutrition, Respiration, Transportation, and Excretion.

Students who are looking for NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 - Life Processes PDF can opt for Upcoming Exams and also You can Find the Solutions of All the Science Chapters below.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science

Chapter 1 - Chemical Reactions and Equations

Chapter 2 - Acids, Bases and Salts

Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-metals

Chapter 4 - Carbon and Its Compounds

Chapter 5 - Periodic Classification of Elements

Chapter 7 - Control and Coordination

Chapter 8 - How do Organisms Reproduce?

Chapter 9 - Heredity and Evolution

Chapter 10 - Light Reflection and Refraction

Chapter 11 - Human Eye and Colourful World

Chapter 12 - Electricity

Chapter 13 - Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

Chapter 14 - Sources of Energy

Chapter 15 - Our Environment

Chapter 16 - Management of Natural Resources

Life Processes Class 10 Ncert Solutions PDF

The life process class 10th shows us how life happened on earth and the world that we see today, how it came to exist, and what made the planet's environment habitable. The life process chapter tells the student that maintaining a living organism is essential even if the body is in the resting condition or even if it's sleeping.

With our life processes class 10 solutions, students will know about the different types and forms of nutrition and why our body needs it. There are two modes of getting nutrition into the body. These are autotrophic and heterotrophic.

The life processes class 10 pdf that we have created for the students will help them revise and clear their doubts if they have regarding the concepts and the definitions present in this chapter. Our pdf is curated by teachers who are in the teaching line for more than five years, and they have an excellent knowledge of this subject in particular. As a result, you will get to know all the little details you might miss when reading and learning the chapter all by yourself.

Life Processes Class 10 Ncert Solutions

This chapter from the science textbook from class 10th introduces students to various from of life process. The life that we see around on this planet earth is mainly based on certain kinds of functions, and the process and all these are covered in this chapter. These processes are required for the body to stay healthy and perform their daily task without having any issues. These necessary essential activities performed by organisms are termed as life processes.

There are several life processes such as nutrition, transportation, metabolism, reproduction that help in living organisms' functioning. It is essential to know about these processes cause they are necessary for a body to be working correctly. The students who want to pursue a medical science career need to pay extra attention to this chapter. This chapter brings many concepts into a light that a medical student will be studying in the coming years of their college.

In this chapter, you will learn about the difference between plants and animals' life process, which will help students understand their working and how plants are green in color, and how they get to prepare their food all by themselves. On the other hand, you will get know-how plants can perform photosynthesis from the very basic to advanced. Also, this chapter will show you how a stomata works and exchange gases.

Everything that you need to know about plants and organisms will be taught to you in this chapter, so you need to listen carefully when teaching you.

FAQs on NCERT Solutions Life Processes Class 10 Science Chapter 6 | Download Free PDF

1. What are Enzymes? Give one Example of the Enzyme Present in the Human Body and Write its Function in the Human Body?

Enzymes are biological molecules that significantly speed up the rate of chemical reactions in a cell within a human body. They are an essential part of life, and they serve a wide range of functions in the body. From digestion to maintaining one's body's metabolism, enzymes are working everywhere to make things easier for the human body.

Enzymes help in breaking large molecules into smaller pieces so it can be easily absorbed by the body. Other than that, enzymes help in binding two molecules together to produce new molecules. Each enzyme has its own work to do, so they are selective catalysts meaning they only speed up a specific reaction in the human body. Respiration, excretion, etc. are different forms of life processes and work of enzymes in a body.

2. Why do Herbivores Have Much Longer, Smaller Intestine in Comparison to Carnivores?

Herbivores are animals that consume plants and no meat for their food intake. The plants and the byproducts that the herbivores animals eat contain cellulose in their cell wall. As a result, when it comes to digestion of cellulose in the gut takes a longer time; hence animals need larger, small intestine.

3. What concepts are used in Chapter 6 of Class 10 Science?

Chapter 6 “Life Processes” of Class 10 Science consists of the topics which are listed below:

Introduction

What are Life Processes?

Autotrophic Nutrition

Heterotrophic Nutrition

How do Organisms obtain their Nutrition?

Nutrition in Human Beings

Transportation in Human Beings

Transportation in Plants

Excretion in Human Beings

Excretion in Plants

4. In the human digestive system, what are the functions of the pancreas and liver, according to Chapter 6 of Class 10 Science?

The liver does the secretion of the bile juice. This bile salt helps break down the large globules of fat so that enzymes can act on them. The organ pancreas secretes the pancreatic juice, which contains enzymes like trypsin used to digest proteins. The enzyme lipase is used for breaking emulsified fats. The intestinal juice secreted by the glands of the small intestine converts proteins to amino acids, carbohydrates into glucose, and fats into glycerol and fatty acids. Refer to NCERT Solutions for Chapter 6 of Class 10 Science free of cost on the Vedantu website or the Vedantu app, to get in-depth knowledge of the Chapter.

5. How is oxygen used by different types of animals, according to Chapter 6 of Class 10 Science?

The organisms living on the land use oxygen directly from the atmosphere. The different organs absorb this oxygen. These organs have a structure that increases surface area to absorb this oxygen. Marine animals have to use dissolved oxygen. The amount of oxygen in water is fairly low as compared to the atmosphere. Because of this, the breathing rate of aquatic animals increases. The fishes take oxygen from the mouth, and then the oxygen passes through the gills, which are taken up by the blood.

6. How does the excretory system work in the human body, according to Chapter 6 of Class 10 Science?

The excretory system of the human body consists of the following organs, a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra. The kidneys produce urine which passes into the urinary bladder through the ureters. Kidneys are also known as basic filtration units. Each kidney has filtration units called nephrons which are present in large numbers. This urine is stored in the urinary bladder, which is passed out through the urethra.

7. What are the major differences between arteries and veins, according to Chapter 6 of Class 10 Science?

These vessels carry oxygenated blood except for pulmonary arteries.

The walls of the arteries are elastic and thick.

The arteries are located deep inside the body.

The colour of the arteries is red.

These help in transporting blood away from the heart to different organs.

The veins carry deoxygenated blood except for the pulmonary veins.

These have thin walls.

The location of the veins is closer to the skin.

The colour of the veins is blue.

The transportation of blood to the heart from various parts of the body is done by veins.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10

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Case Study MCQ Questions Chapter 6 Life Processes Class 10 Science

Please see below Case Study MCQ Questions Chapter 6 Life Processes Class 10 Science. These MCQ Questions with Answers for Case study have been designed as per the latest syllabus and examination guidelines of Class 10 Science. Cased Study Based MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science are expected to come in the upcoming exams. We have provided a lot of case studies for all chapters in standard 10 science. Please solve the MCQ Questions and compare with the answers provided by our teachers.

Chapter 6 Life Processes Class 10 Science Case Study MCQ Questions

All living cells require energy for various activities. This energy is available by the breakdown of simple carbohydrates either using oxygen or without using oxygen.

Question. Study the graph below that represents the amount of energy supplied with respect to the time while an athlete is running at full speed. Choose the correct combination of plots and justification provided in the following table.

Case Study MCQ Questions Chapter 6 Life Processes Class 10 Science

Question. The characteristic processes observed in anaerobic respiration are: (i) presence of oxygen (ii) release of carbon dioxide (iii) release of energy (iv) release of lactic acid (a) (i), (ii) only (b) (i), (ii), (iii) only (c) (ii), iii), iv) only (d) (iv) only

Question. Study the table below and select the row that has the incorrect information. Aerobic Anaerobic (a) Location Cytoplasm Mitochondria (b) End Porduct CO 2 and H 2 O Ethanol and CO 2 (c) Amount of ATP High Low (d) Oxygen Needed Not needed

Question. Energy in the case of higher plants and animals is obtained by (a) Breathing (b) Tissue respiration (c) Organ respiration (d) Digestion of food

Question. The graph below represents the blood lactic acid concentration of an athlete during a race of 400 m and shows a peak at point D. Lactic acid production has occurred in the athlete while running in the 400 m race. Respiration in athletics. The blood of an athlete was tested before, during and after a 400m race:

The force exerted by the blood against the wall of a vessel is called blood pressure. This pressure is much greater in arteries than in veins. The pressure of blood inside the artery during ventricular systole (contraction) is called systolic pressure and pressure in the artery during ventricular diastole (relaxation) is called diastolic pressure.

Question. Choose the correct combination to depict the given figure:

(a) x. Systolic pressure, y. Systolic pressure (b) x. Systolic pressure, y. Diastolic pressure (c) x. Diastolic pressure, y. Systolic pressure (d) x. Diastolic pressure, y. Diastolic pressure

Question. In the case (iv), the health care provider used an instrument to check the blood pressure of the patient. Name the instrument used by the health care provider.

(a) Stethoscope (b) Pulse oximeter (c) Sphygmomanometer (d) Otoscope

Question. Study the table given below and select the row that has incorrect information:

Question. A person travelling through a public transport suddenly fainted. Upon check-up by a health care provider, it was found that his blood pressure was 152-95. Name the medical condition that the person is going through. (a) Low blood pressure (b) High blood pressure (c) Low sugar level (d) High sugar level

Question. The characteristics observed in hypertension are: (i) Constriction of arterioles (ii) Results in rupture of an artery (iii) Causes internal bleeding (iv) Increased blood flow Choose the correct option based on the statements. (a) 1 and 2 (b) 1, 2 and 3 (c) Only 4 (d) 2, 3 and 4

During inhalation, the diaphragm is contracted which increases the volume of the lung cavity. During exhalation, the diaphragm is relaxed which decreases the volume of the lung cavity. The given graph is related to the changes in the volume of lungs of a person at a rest over a period of 20 seconds.

Question. Which two points in the graph (C, D, E or F), shows inspiration and expiration? (a) D, E (b) D, F (c) C, D (d) E, F

Question. Which of the following muscles help during inhalation? (a) External intercostal muscles (b) Internal intercostal muscles (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

Question. How many breaths per minute is the person taking when at rest? (a) 110 (b) 15 (c) 17 (d) 20

Question. Which is the correct sequence of air passage during inhalation? (a) Nostrils → larynx → pharynx → trachea → lungs (b) Nasal passage → trachea → pharynx → larynx → alveoli (c) Larynx → nostrils → pharynx → lungs (d) Nostrils → pharynx → larynx → trachea → alveoli

Question. During vigorous exercise, the rate of breathing of normal man is (a) 20 to 25 times per minute (b) 50 to 90 times per minute (c) 100 to 150 times per minute (d) 40 to 70 times per minute

In human being, the holozoic nutrition takes place in five steps: 1. Ingestion. The process of taking food inside the body is called ingestion. 2. Digestion. In digestion, the ingested food is converted into simple form with the help of digestive enzymes. 3. Absorption. In this stage the food digested in second step is absorbed into the cells of body. 4. Assimilation. Assimilation is the process of utilising the food absorbed in third step by various cells of the body. 5. Egestion. Egestion is the final step of holozoic nutrition in which the undigested food is removed from the body.

Question. The inner lining of stomach is protected by one of the following from hydrochloric acid, choose the correct one: (a) Pepsin (b) Mucus (c) Salivary amylase (d) Bile

Question. Which is the correct sequence of parts in human alimentary canal? (a) Mouth → Stomach → Small intestine → Oesophagus → Large intestine (b) Mouth → Oesophagus → Stomach → Large intestine → Small intestine (c) Mouth → Stomach → Oesophagus → Small intestine → Large intestine (d) Mouth → Oesophagus → Stomach → Small intestine → Large intestine

Question. Which part of alimentary canal receives bile from the liver? (a) Stomach (b) Small intestine (c) Large intestine (d) Oesophagus

Question. Choose the function of the pancreatic juice from the following. (a) Trypsin digests proteins and lipase carbohydrates (b) Trypsin digests emulsified fats and lipase proteins (c) Trypsin and lipase digest fats. (d) Trypsin digests proteins and lipase digests emulsified fats droplets

Question. If salivary amylase is lacking in the saliva, which event in the mouth cavity will be affected? (a) Proteins breaking down into amino acids (b) Starch breaking down into sugars (c) Fats breaking down into fatty acids and glycerol (d) Absorption of vitamins

Each capillary cluster in the kidney is associated with the cup-shaped end of a tube that collects the filtered urine (see adjoining figure). Each kidney has large numbers of these filtration units called nephrons packed close together. Some substances in the initial filtrate, such as glucose, amino acids, salts and a major amount of water, are selectively re-absorbed as the urine flows along the tube. The amount of water reabsorbed depends on how much excess water there is in the body, and on how much of dissolved waste there is to be excreted. The urine forming in each kidney eventually enters a long tube, the ureter, which connects the kidneys with the urinary bladder. Urine is stored in the urinary bladder until the pressure of the expanded bladder leads to the urge to pass it out through the urethra. The bladder is muscular, so it is under nervous control, as we have discussed elsewhere. As a result, we can usually control the urge to urinate.

Question. The substance which is not reabsorbed into the blood capillaries surrounding the tubule of a nephron is mainly: (a) glucose (b) amino acid (c) urea (d) water

Question. The kidneys in human beings are a part of the system for (a) nutrition (b) respiration (c) excretion (d) transportation

Question. The procedure of cleaning the blood of a person by using a kidney machine is known as: (a) ketolysis (b) hydrolysis (c) dialysis (d) photolysis

Question. Which of the following is the correct path taken by urine in our body? (a) kidney → ureter → urethra → bladder (b) kidney → bladder → urethra → ureter (c) kidney → ureter → bladder → urethra (d) bladder → kidney → ureter → urethra

Question. The excretory unit in the human excretory system is called: (a) nephron (b) neuron (c) nephridia (d) kidney

The human heart is a muscular organ made up of cardiac muscles. It is a four-chambered organ to prevent intermixing of oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood. A thick wall muscle called septum that separates the two sides left and right of the heart. Look at the picture.

Question. The de-oxygenated blood from the body organs first enters: (a) into right atrium of the heart through vena cava. (b) into left atrium of the heart through vena cava. (c) into right ventricle of the heart through vena cava. (d) into right atrium of the heart through aorta.

Question. Pulmonary vein brings: (a) oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. (b) de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. (c) oxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. (d) de-oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

Question. Tricuspid valve is found between: (a) right auricle and right ventricle (b) left auricle and left ventricle (c) right auricle and left ventricle (d) left auricle and right ventricle

Question. The upper two chambers and lower two chambers are called: (a) Ventricles and auricles respectively (b) Auricles and ventricles respectively (c) Ventricles and valves respectively (d) Arteries and veins respectively

Question. The artery which carries de-oxygenated blood from the heart into lungs is called __________. (a) Pulmonary artery (b) Hepatic artery (c) Renal artery (d) All arteries

There is a pair of bean-shaped organs P in the human body towards the back, just above the waist. A waste product Q formed by the decomposition of unused proteins in the liver is brought into organ P through blood by an artery R. The numerous tiny filters S present in organ P clean the dirty blood by removing the waste product Q. The clean blood goes into circulation through a vein T. The waste substance Q, other waste salts, and excess water form a yellowish liquid U which goes from organ P into a bag-like structure V through two tubes W. This liquid is then thrown out of the body through a tube X.

Question. Name (i) liquid U (ii) structure V (iii) tubes W, and (iv) tube X.

(i) Urine (ii) Bladder (iii) Ureters (iv) Urethra

Question. What is (i) organ P, and (ii) waste substance Q?

(i) Kidneys (ii) Urea

Question. Name (i) artery R, and (ii) vein T.

(i) Renal artery (ii) Renal vein

Question. What are tiny filters S known as?

Case Study MCQ Questions Chapter 6 Life Processes

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Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes

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Life Processes Class 10 Science Extra Questions with Answers

Question 1: Mention the raw materials required for photosynthesis.

Answer: The following raw materials are required for photosynthesis: (i) Carbon Dioxide: Plants get CO 2 from atmosphere through stomata. (ii)Water: Plants absorb water from soil through roots and transport to leaves. (iii) Sunlight: Sunlight, which is absorbed by the chlorophyll and other green parts of the plant.

Question 2: What would be the consequences of deficiency of haemoglobin in your body?

Answer: The deficiency of haemoglobin in our body is called anaemia. In anaemia, the blood is unable to carry the sufficient amount of oxygen required by the body. So, respiration would be less and less energy will be available to the body. The haemoglobin deficient person will feel weak, pale, lethargic and will be unable to perform heavy physical work.

Question 3: Name the green dot like structures in some cells observed by a student when a leaf peel was viewed under a microscope. What is this green colour due to?

Answer: The green dot-like structures in some cells observed by a student when a leaf peel is viewed under a microscope are chloroplasts. The green colour is due to the presence of green pigment, chlorophyll.

Question 4: State any one difference between autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition.

Answer: In autotrophic nutrition, organisms obtain their food from inorganic substances. In heterotrophic nutrition, organisms derive their food from organic substances.

Question 5: A Give one reason why multicellular organisms require special organs for exchange of gases between their body and their environment.

Answer: In unicellular organisms the entire body of the organism is in contact with the environment hence exchange of materials can take place but, in multicellular organisms the entire body of the organism is not in contact with the environment and hence simple diffusion is not helpful.

Question 6: Name the process in plants where water is lost as water vapour. :

Answer: Transpiration is the process when plants loose water as vapour.

Question 7: What is translocation in plants?

Answer: Translocation is the movement of soluble materials, products of photosynthesis from leaves to other tissues throughout the plant.

Question 8: State the basic difference between the process of respiration and photosynthesis.

Question 9: In the experiment “Light is essential for photosynthesis”, why does the uncovered part of the leaf turn blue-black after putting iodine solution?

Answer: Starch is produced in the uncovered part of the leaf because it is exposed to sunlight allowing it to photosynthesize, which turns blue-black in presence of iodine solution.

Question 10: Name the component of blood that helps in the formation of blood clot in the event of a cut.

Answer: Platelets help in clotting of blood in the event of a cut.

Question 111: Mention how organisms like bread moulds and mushrooms obtain their food.

Answer: Organisms like bread moulds and mushrooms breakdown the food materials outside the body and then absorb the nutrients of the bread.

Question 12: What will happen to a plant if its xylem is removed?

Answer: Xylem in plant transports water and dissolved mineral nutrients from the roots to all parts of the vascular plant. So, if xylem is removed from the plant, the water and mineral supply to the plant will stop and therefore, the plant will die.

Question 13: Where does digestion of fat take place in our body?

Answer: Digestion of fat takes place in the small intestine of our body.

Question 14: What is the mode of nutrition in human beings?

Answer: Holozoic nutrition.

Question 15: What are enzymes? Name any one enzyme of our digestive system and write its function.

Answer: Enzymes are biological catalysts. Catalysts are proteins that increase the rate of chemical reactions without being used up. For example: Amylase catalyses the breakdown of starch into sugars in the mouth and small intestine

Question 16: (i) Write the balanced chemical equation for the process of photosynthesis,

(ii) When do the desert plants take up carbon dioxide and perform photosynthesis?

Answer: (i) Photosynthesis can be represented using a chemical equation. The overall balanced equation is

(ii) Desert plants open up their stomata during night and take in CO 2 . Stomata remains close during the day time to prevent the loss of water by i transpiration. They store the CO 2 in their cells until the sun comes out and they can carry on with photosynthesis during the day time.

Question 17: Why do herbivores have longer, small intestine than carnivores?

Answer: Digestion of cellulose takes a longer time. Hence, herbivores eating grass need a longer small intestine to allow complete digestion of cellulose. Carnivorous animals cannot digest cellulose due to the absence of enzyme cellulose hence they have a shorter intestine.

Question 18: Why do the walls of the trachea not collapse when there is less air in it?

Answer: Rings of cartilages are present in trachea. These rings support the trachea and do not allow the trachea to collapse when there is less air in it.

Question 19: What are the final products after digestion of carbohydrates and proteins?

Answer: The final product produced after digestion of carbohydrates is glucose and of proteins is amino acids.

Question 20: What is saliva? State its role in the digestion of food.

Answer: Saliva is a watery fluid secreted by the salivary glands in the mouth. The digestive functions of saliva include moistening food, and helping to create a food bolus, so it can be swallowed easily. Saliva contains the enzyme amylase that breaks some starches down into maltose and dextrin.

Question 21: Explain the process of nutrition in Amoeba.

Answer: Amoeba is a protozoan found in fresh water. It feeds on microscopic plants and animals present in water. The mode of nutrition in amoeba is Holozoic. And the process of obtaining food by amoeba is called phagocytosis. The different processes involved in the nutrition of amoeba are:

Class 10 Chapter 6 Life Processes Extra Question 21

Ingestion: Ingestion is the process of taking food in the body. Amoeba is a unicellular animal, so it doesn’t have a mouth for ingestion of food. Amoeba ingests the food by encircling it by forming pseudopodia. When the food is completely encircled, the food is engulfed in the form of a bag called food vacuole.

Digestion: Digestion is the process of breaking the large and insoluble molecules in small and water soluble molecules. In amoeba, several digestive enzymes react on the food present in the food vacuoles and break it down into simple and soluble molecules.

Absorption: The food digested by digestive enzymes is then absorbed in the cytoplasm by the process of diffusion. While the undigested food remains in the food vacuole. If a large amount of food is absorbed by amoeba, the excess food is stored in the cytoplasm in the form of glycogen and lipids.

Assimilation: During this step the food absorbed by the cytoplasm is used to obtain energy, growth and repair. This process of utilizing absorbed food for obtaining energy, repair and growth is called assimilation.

Egestion: When a sufficient amount of undigested food gets collected in the food vacuole, it is thrown out of the body by rupturing cell membrane. The process of removal of undigested food from the body is called egestion.

Question 22: State differences between arteries and veins.

Question 23: How are the alveoli designed to maximise the exchange of gases?

Answer: Alveoli are small pouches or sacs like structure. They are surrounded by blood capillaries. Thus a large amount of air is brought in contact with the air in the lungs. More than millions of alveoli are present in the lungs. The presence of millions of alveoli in the lungs provides a very large surface area for the exchange of gases. The availability of large surface area maximises the exchange of gases.

Question 24: Name two excretory products other than O 2 and CO 2 in plants.

Answer: The two excretory products other than O 2 and CO 2 in plants are resins and gums.

Question 25: In single celled organisms diffusion is sufficient to meet all their requirements of food, exchange of gases or removal of wastes but it is not in case of multicellular organisms. Explain the reason for this difference.

Answer: Unicellular organisms can absorb sufficient oxygen because of its complete

contact with the atmosphere, but in multicellular organisms the rate of absorption and diffusion becomes very less because all cells are not in direct contact with the atmosphere. Multicellular organisms require greater amount of oxygen to sustain life processes which cannot be fulfilled by the process of diffusion.

Question 26: Draw a diagram of human excretory system and label kidneys, ureters on it.

Class 10 Chapter 6 Life Processes Extra Question 26

Question 27: Name the acid presents in the following:

(i) Tomato (ii) Vinegar (iii) Tamarind

Answer: (i) Oxalic acid (ii) citric acid (iii) Tartaric acid.

Question 28: State the role of the following in human digestive system:

(i) Digestive enzymes (ii) Hydrochloric acid (iii) Villi

Answer: (i) Digestive enzymes – Foods need to be broken into their small or simpler molecules so that they can be absorbed into the bloodstream. However, the physical breakdown of food is not enough. Enzymes are hence needed for the chemical breakdown of food and speeding up the digestive process. The products of digestion can hence be small enough to be absorbed.

(ii) Hydrochloric acid – Hydro chloric acid helps to kill the germs which might have entered in to the system through food. It creates acidic medium for the pepsin to act on food to breakdown proteins.

(iii) Villi – Villi are finger like projections in the small intestine. They help to increase the surface area for absorption of the digested food. Villi are richly supplied with blood vessel which help to absorb digested food in to the blood stream.

Question 29: In mammals and birds why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood?

Answer: Mammals and birds are warm blooded animals. This means they can control their body temperature and do not have to depend on environment for their body temperature regulation. Because of this birds and mammals require optimum oxidization of glucose which would be possible with good supply of oxygen. So it is required to have separate oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood to supply the required amount of oxygen.

Question 30: Draw a diagram of human respiratory system and label it.

Class 10 Chapter 6 Life Processes Extra Question 30

Question 31: (a) Name the site of exchange of material between the blood and surrounding cells.

(b) Draw a schematic representation of transport and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in human body.

Answer: (a) Capillaries

Class 10 Chapter 6 Life Processes Extra Question 31

Question 32: List three characteristics of lungs which make it an efficient respiratory surface.

Answer: These features which particularly make our lungs efficient for gas exchange.

Thin: the air sac walls are very thin so that gases can quickly diffuse through them. Oxygen is absorbed in to the blood and carbon dioxide is given out in to the lungs to be exhaled out.
Moist: the air sacs are moist with mucus so that gases can dissolve before diffusing.
Large surface area: the surface area for gases to diffuse through in human lungs is roughly the same as a tennis court. The alveoli help to increase the surface area for absorption of oxygen.
Good blood supply: the air sacs or the alveoli have a large capillary network so that large volumes of gases can be exchanged. More the flow of blood more exchange.

Question 33: (a) What is the role of HCl in our stomach? (b) What is emulsification of fats? (c) Which protein digesting enzyme is present in pancreatic juice?

Answer: (a)(i) It sterilises food by killing pathogens and other microbes.

(ii) It has a pH of 2, which is perfect for entyaus such as pepsin to break down proteins as effectively as possible.

(iii) Helps emulsify food (digestion of protein and stimulates the pancreas to produce digestive enzymes and bile) and protects against harmful bacteria.

(b) Breakdown of large globule fats into smaller fats droplets is known as emulsification.

Question 34: In human alimentary canal, name the site of complete digestion of various components of food. Explain the process of digestion.

Answer: In small intestine, complete digestion of various components of food take place. The process of digestion of food in mouth, stomach and small intestine in human body are as follows:

Mouth: Digestion of food begins in the mouth. Saliva present in mouth contains a digestive enzyme, called salivary amylase, maltose and dextrin, which breaks down starch into sugar.

Stomach: Stomach stores and mixes the food received from the oesophagus with gastric juices. The main components of gastric juice are hydrochloric acid, mucus and pepsinogen. Hydrochloric acid dissolves bits of food and creates an acidic medium. In this medium, pepsinogen is converted to pepsin which is a protein-digesting enzyme. Mucus protects the inner lining of the stomach from the action of HCl.

Small Intestine: Small intestine is the site of complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Small intestine produces intestinal juice from the glands present in its wall. The intestinal juice helps in further digestion of food. Small intestine also obtains digestive juices from liver and pancreas. The liver produces bile juice that causes emulsification of fats and the pancreas produces pancreatic juice for digesting proteins and emulsified fats. This digested food is finally absorbed through the intestinal walls.

Question 35: (a) “The breathing cycle is rhythmic whereas exchange of gases is a continuous process”. Justify this statement.

(b) What happens if conducting tubes of circulatory system develops a leak? State in brief, how could this be avoided?

Answer: (a) The breathing cycle involves inhalation and exhalation of air due to alternate expansion and contraction of thoracic cavity. Thus, it is a rhythmic process. But exchange of gases is a continuous process as it takes place between the blood and each and every cell, by diffusion.

(b) The circulatory system will become inefficient if it develops a leak. This could be avoided by maintaining a normal blood pressure.

(c) When water flows into the guard cells, the guard cells swell and the stomatal pore opens up. When water moves out the guard cells shrinks and the stomatal pore closes.

Question 36: Describe in brief the function of kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra.

Answer: The Kidneys filter the blood and concentrate the filtrate to make urine. They also help regulate blood pressure. Ureters transport the urine to the urinary bladder. Urinary bladder is like a holding tank for the urine until it’s ready to be excreted. Urethra is the tube that connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body for excretion.

Question 37: Explain the process of breakdown of glucose in a cell (ii) in the absence of oxygen.

Answer: The process of breakdown of glucose in a cell are as follows:

The first step in the breakdown of glucose both in presence of O 2 and in absence of O 2 is same. In this step, glucose is broken down into pyruvate.

Second step which involves further breakdown of private into simple compounds can take place in two different ways:

(i) In presence of O 2 : In the presence of O 2 , private is converted into CO 2 and water. Energy released during aerobic respiration is much greater than that released during an anaerobic respiration.

(ii) In absence of O 2 : In the absence of O 2 in yeast, pyruvate is converted into ethanol and CO 2 and the process is called fermentation. In absence of O 2 , in our muscle cells, pyruvate is converted into lactic acid. The build up of lactic acid in muscle cells causes cramps.

Question 38: (a)Explain how does the exchange of gases occur in plants across the surface of stems, roots and leaves. (b) How are water and minerals transported in plants?

Class 10 Chapter 6 Life Processes Extra Question 38

(a) In plants there are tiny pores called stomata on leaves and lenticels in stem which facilitate the exchange of gases. Carbon dioxide is taken in and oxygen given out {during photosynthesis} and vice versa during respiration.

(b) Water and minerals are transported within the plant by the Xylem vessels (mainly in an upward direction); these are part of the vascular system which also includes Phloem vessels. Phloem transports the products of photosynthesis within the plant, to all parts like the stem, roots, fruits etc. in all directions.

Question 39: State in brief the function of: 1. renal artery 2. kidney 3. ureter 4. urinary bladder

Answer: Renal artery: The renal artery carries blood to the kidneys from the abdominal aorta. This blood comes directly from the heart and is sent to the-kidneys to be filtered before it passes through the rest of the body. Up to one-third of the total cardiac output per heartbeat is sent to the renal arteries to be filtered by the kidneys. Each kidney has one renal artery that supplies it with blood. The filtered blood then can exit the renal vein.

Kidney: The kidneys perform the essential function of removing waste products from the blood and regulating the water fluid levels. The kidneys regulate the body’s fluid volume, mineral composition and acidity by excreting and reabsorbing water and inorganic electrolytes.

Ureter: The ureter is a tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.’ There are two ureters, one attached to each kidney.

Urinary bladder: The urinary bladder is an expandable muscular sac that stores urine before it is excreted out of the body through the urethra.

Question 40: How is urine produced and eliminated?

Answer: Blood from the heart comes into the kidneys afferent and efferent arteriole from the renal arteries where it enters about 2-3 million nephrons per kidney. Then, it goes through the glomerulus a tuft or bunch of blood capillaries and get rid of some of the unwanted substances like urea, uric acid, creatinine in the blood and then continues through the renal tubules. The loop of Henley, reabsorb certain substances such as water (actually if body is dehydrated, body will send antidiuretic hormone (ADH) to kidneys to prevent extra water from going into urine and thus saving water for body and get rid of anything else that isn’t wanted, then the urine goes through ureters to bladder and then to urethra where it is excreted out of body as urine.

Question 41: (a) Draw a diagram to show open stomatal pore and label on it: (i) guard cells (ii) chloroplast (b) State two functions of stomata. (c) How do guard cells regulate the opening and closing of stomatal pore?

Answer: (a)

Class 10 Chapter 6 Life Processes Extra Question 41

(b) Two functions of stomata are: (i) Exchange of gases between the plant and the atmosphere takes place through stomata. (ii)Transpiration in plants takes place through stomata.

(c) Opening and Closing of Stomatal Pore: The opening and closing of the pore is a function of the guard cells. The guard cells swell when water flows into them causing the stomatal pore to open. Similarly, the pore closes if the guard cells shrink. As large amount of water is lost through these stomata, the plant closes these pores when it does not require carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.

Question 42: Why is the rate of breathing in aquatic organisms much faster than in terrestrial organisms?

Answer: Quantity of dissolved oxygen is fairly low in water as compared to the amount of oxygen in air. Aquatic organisms therefore have to breath faster than terrestrial organisms to absorb the required amount of oxygen from the water.

NCERT Exemplar
Science Exemplar Class 10
Life Processes

NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Science Solutions for Chapter 6 - Life Processes

Ncert exemplar solutions class 10 science chapter 6 – free pdf download.

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes are premier study material required for the students to score good marks in Class 10 CBSE examinations as well as to avoid difficulty in understanding the concepts to be taught in higher secondary and graduation courses. The Class 10 Exemplar provided here consists of MCQs, fill in the blanks, practice questions, value-based questions, and previous years’ questions on Life Processes.

Class 10 Science Chapter 6 mainly deals with the maintenance processes in living organisms. In this chapter, students will learn to identify vital life processes and understand different types of nutrition as well as the respiratory organs and their mechanism, excretion, digestion, etc. To make learning more interesting and easy, we provide NCERT Exemplar for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 – Life Processes in PDF here.

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NCERT Exemplar solution class 10 Science Chapter 6 part 01

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Multiple-choice questions.

1. Which of the following statements about autotrophs is incorrect?

(a) They synthesise carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll

(b) They store carbohydrates in the form of starch

(d) They constitute the first trophic level in food chains

The answer is (c) They convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the absence of sunlight

Explanation:

They need sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates.

2. In which of the following groups of organisms, food material is broken down outside the body and absorbed?

(a) Mushroom, green plants, Amoeba

(b) Yeast, mushroom, bread mould

(d) Cuscuta, lice, tapeworm

The answer is (b) Yeast, mushroom, bread mould

Yeast, mushroom and bread moulds are saprophytes, and Saprophytes break the food material outside their body and absorbed it.

3. Select the correct statement

(a) Heterotrophs do not synthesise their own food

(b) Heterotrophs utilise solar energy for photosynthesis

(d) Heterotrophs are capable of converting carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates

The answer is (a) Heterotrophs do not synthesise their own food

Heterotrophs are either dependent on Phototrophs or other organisms for their food.

4. Which is the correct sequence of parts in the human alimentary canal?

(a) Mouth → stomach → small intestine → oesophagus → large intestine

(b) Mouth →oesophagus → stomach → large intestine → small intestine

(d) Mouth → oesophagus → stomach → small intestine → large intestine

The answer is (d) Mouth → oesophagus → stomach → small intestine → large intestine

5. If salivary amylase is lacking in the saliva, which of the following events in the mouth cavity will be affected?

(a) Proteins breaking down into amino acids

(b) Starch breaking down into sugars

(d) Absorption of vitamins

The answer is (b) Starch breaking down into sugars

The Salivary Amylase enzyme present in the saliva breaks down Starch into simpler sugar and helps in digesting them. Hence the breakdown of starch will be affected if salivary amylase is lacking in the saliva.

6. The inner lining of the stomach is protected by one of the following from hydrochloric acid. Choose the correct one (a) Pepsin

The answer is (b) Mucus

7. Which part of the alimentary canal receives bile from the liver?

(a) Stomach

(b) Small intestine

(d) Oesophagus

The answer is (b) Small intestine

Bile goes to the small intestine from the gall bladder through hepta pancreatic duct.

8. A few drops of iodine solution were added to rice water. The solution turned blue-black in colour. This indicates that rice water contains

(a) complex proteins

(b) simple proteins

The answer is (d) starch

Explanation

Starch is made up of two components Amylose and Amylopectin. When we add iodine to starch-containing water Amylose reacts with iodine to form a blue colour complex. Here solution gives blue-black colour on adding Iodine which confirms the presence of starch in the rice water.

9. In which part of the alimentary canal is food finally digested?

(b) Mouth cavity

(d) Small intestine

The answer is (d) Small intestine

Although the primary digestion process is conducted in mouth and stomach most of the digestion process occurs in the small intestine and large intestine digestion process will not take place.

10. Choose the function of the pancreatic juice from the following

(a) trypsin digests proteins and lipase carbohydrates

(b) trypsin digests emulsified fats and lipase proteins

(d) trypsin digests proteins and lipase emulsified fats

The answer is (d) trypsin digests proteins and lipase emulsified fats

Trypsin breaks down proteins into polypeptides and Lipase digest emulsified fat molecules into fatty acids and glycerol.

11. When air is blown from the mouth into a test-tube containing lime water, the lime water is turned milky due to the presence of

(b) carbon dioxide

(d) water vapour

The answer is (b) carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide reacts with lime water and turns the lime water milky.

12. The correct sequence of anaerobic reactions in yeast is

The answer is d)

In Yeast cytoplasm, Glucose is breakdown in anaerobic condition to produce Pyruvate which is further breakdown to Ethanol and carbon-di-oxide

13. Which of the following is most appropriate for aerobic respiration?

Soln: Answer is Option (B)

14. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true about respiration?

(i) During inhalation, ribs move inward and diaphragm is raised

(ii) In the alveoli, exchange of gases takes place i.e., oxygen from alveolar air diffuses into blood and carbon dioxide from the blood into the alveolar air

(iii) Haemoglobin has a greater affinity for carbon dioxide than oxygen

(iv) Alveoli increase surface area for exchange of gases

(a) (i) and (iv)

(b) (ii) and (iii)

(d) (ii) and (iv)

The answer is (d) (ii) and (iv)

Statement i) is wrong because ribs move outward and the diaphragm is lowered during inhalation. Similarly Option iii) is wrong because Hemoglobin has greater affinity for Oxygen than CO 2.

15. Which is the correct sequence of air passage during inhalation?

(a) Nostrils →larynx →pharynx →trachea →lungs

(b) Nasal passage →trachea →pharynx →larynx →alveoli

(d) Nostrils →pharynx →larynx →trachea →alveoli

The answer is (d) Nostrils →pharynx →larynx →trachea→alveoli

Air enter respiratory system through nostrils, passes to pharynx, larynx, trachea and then to alveoli. After inhalation diaphragm and intercoastal muscles contract along with expansion of thoracic muscles which creates enough space for the air to enter into the lungs.

16. During respiration exchange of gases take place in

(a) trachea and larynx

(b) alveoli of lungs

(d) throat and larynx

The answer is (b) alveoli of lungs

Trachea, Larynx provide a passage for the movement of air. Gas exchange takes place in Alveoli of lungs. From alveoli, oxygen diffuses into blood and Carbon-di-oxide exhaled out of blood.

17. Which of the following statement (s) is (are) true about the heart?

(i) The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from different parts of the body while the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from lungs

(ii) Left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to different body parts while right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to lungs

(iii) Left atrium transfers oxygenated blood to the right ventricle which sends it to different body parts

(iv) The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from different parts of the body while the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to different parts of the body

(d) (i) and (iii)

The answer is (c) (ii) and (iv)

Oxygenated blood circulates through the left part of the heart whereas deoxygenated blood circulates through the right part of the heart. Atrium receives blood and ventricle pumps the blood out of the heart.

18. What prevents backflow of blood inside the heart during contraction?

(a) Valves in heart

(b) Thick muscular walls of ventricles

(d) All of the above

The answer is (a) Valves in the heart

Walls in the heart are responsible for only pumping of the blood and they are not responsible for blocking backflow of blood inside the heart during contraction.

19. Single circulation i.e., blood flows through the heart only once during one cycle of passage through the body, is exhibited by

(a) Labeo, Chameleon, Salamander

(b) Hippocampus, Exocoetus, Anabas

(d) Whale, Dolphin, Turtle

The answer is (b) Hippocampus, Exocoetus, Anabas

In Option a) Chameleon is a reptile and Salamander is an amphibian which has 3 chambered hearts and shows partial double circulation. In Option c) all are Amphibians and they show partial double circulation. In option d) Whale is a mammal, but a turtle is a reptile hence option d) is wrong.

20. In which of the following vertebrate group/groups, the heart does not pump oxygenated blood to different parts of the body?

(a) Pisces and amphibians

(b) Amphibians and reptiles

(d) Pisces only

The answer is (d) Pisces only

This is because of the single circulation where deoxygenated blood from all part of the body is pumped into the heart. From the heart, it is pumped to gills where it gets oxygenated and gets transferred to all parts of the body. Hence it proves Pisces will not receive oxygenated blood.

21. Choose the correct statement that describes arteries.

(a) They have thick elastic walls, blood flows under high pressure; collect blood from different organs and bring it back to the heart

(b) They have thin walls with valves inside, blood flows under low pressure and carries blood away from the heart to various organs of the body

(c) They have thick elastic walls, blood flows under low pressure; carry blood from the heart to various organs of the body

(d) They have thick elastic walls without valves inside, blood flows under high pressure and carry blood away from the heart to different parts of the body.

The answer is (d) They have thick elastic walls without valves inside, blood flows under high pressure and carries blood away from the heart to different parts of the body.

22. The filtration units of kidneys are called

(b) urethra

(d) nephrons

The answer is (d) nephrons

Nephron is called as the functional unit of the kidney. It helps in removing the waste products and excess substances from our body.

23. Oxygen liberated during photosynthesis comes from

(b) chlorophyll

(d) glucose

The answer is (a) water

During photosynthesis, water molecule splits to produce Oxygen and Hydrogen Ions. Oxygen is expelled out of plants and Hydrogen is used to reduce Carbon-di-oxide to produce carbohydrates.

24. The blood leaving the tissues becomes richer in

(a) carbon dioxide

The answer is (a) carbon dioxide

Because of respiration Carbon-di-oxide gets accumulated in tissues. Hence blood leaving the tissues becomes richer in Carbon-di-oxide.

25. Which of the following is an incorrect statement?

(a) Organisms grow with time

(b) Organisms must repair and maintain their structure

(d) Energy is essential for life processes

The answer is (c) Movement of molecules does not take place among cells

Movement of molecule is a vital process. Movement of molecules in cells take place in active and passive modes such as Diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion etc.

26. The internal (cellular) energy reserve in autotrophs is

(a) glycogen

(b) protein

(d) fatty acid

The answer is (c) starch

Glycogen is the stored energy in animals, Plants stores energy in the form of Starch.

27. Which of the following equations is the summary of photosynthesis?

(a) 6CO 2 + 12H2O → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 + 6H 2 O

(b) 6CO 2 +H 2 O + Sunlight→C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 + 6H 2 O

(d) 6CO 2 + 12H 2 O + Chlorophyll + Sunlight→ C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O

Answer is (c) 6CO 2 + 12H 2 O + Chlorophyll + Sunlight→ C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 + 6H 2 O

Option a does not show the factors responsible for photosynthesis. Option b) is not a balanced equation. Option d) is wrong as it has CO2 in the products.

28. Choose the event that does not occur in photosynthesis

(a) Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll

(b) Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates

(d) Conversion of light energy to chemical energy

Answer is (c) Oxidation of carbon to carbon dioxide

29. The opening and closing of the stomatal pore depend upon

(b) temperature

(d) concentration of CO2 in stomata

The answer is (c) water in guard cells

Opening of guard cells is facilitated by the entry of water inside guard cells. This makes the guard cell turgid. The closing of guard cells is facilitated by water coming out of guard cells. This will make the guard cells flaccid.

30. Choose the forms in which most plants absorb nitrogen

(i) Proteins

(ii) Nitrates and Nitrites

(iv) Atmospheric nitrogen

(a) (i) and (ii)

(d) (i) and (iv)

The answer is (b) (ii) and (iii)

Plants cannot absorb atmospheric Nitrogen. They can absorb Nitrogen in the form of Nitrates, Nitrites and Urea present in the soil.

31. Which is the first enzyme to mix with food in the digestive tract?

(b) Cellulase

(d) Trypsin

Answer is (c) Amylase

Amylase is secreted in mouth and acts on the starch to convert into simpler molecules. Hence Amylase is the first enzyme to mix with food in the digestive tract.

32. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct?

(i) Pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast

(ii) Fermentation takes place in aerobic bacteria

(iii) Fermentation takes place in mitochondria

(iv) Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration

(a) (i) and (iii)

(b) (ii) and (iv)

(d) (ii) and (iii)

The answer is(c) (i) and (iv)

Fermentation is carried out by anaerobes in the cytoplasm. Hence option ii) and iii) are wrong.

33. Lack of oxygen in muscles often leads to cramps among cricketers. This results due to

(a) conversion of pyruvate to ethanol

(b) conversion of pyruvate to glucose

(d) conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid

The answer is (d) conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid

The breakdown of Pyruvate in the presence of oxygen takes place in mitochondria leading to the formation of Lactic acid. Due to workout oxygen is used for the production of energy leading to the lack of oxygen and production of lactic acid.

34. Choose the correct path of urine in our body

(a) kidney → ureter → urethra → urinary bladder

(b) kidney → urinary bladder → urethra → ureter

(d) urinary bladder → kidney → ureter → urethra

Answer is (c) kidney → ureters → urinary bladder → urethra

Urine from nephron is brought to the collecting duct of kidneys where the urine enters the ureters. There are 2 ureters, each opening from one kidney into the urinary bladder. The urinary bladder stores urine and its size increases as the amount of urine collected increases. When the CNS gives a voluntary message the muscles of bladder contract and the bladder sphincter relaxes thus excreting urine out through the urethra.

35. During deficiency of oxygen in tissues of human beings, pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid in the

(a) cytoplasm

(b) chloroplast

(d) Golgi body

Answer is (a) cytoplasm

When there is lack of oxygen Breakdown of Pyruvate takes place in the cytoplasm of muscle cells leading to the formation of Lactic acid.

Short Answer Questions

36. Name the following

(a) The process in plants that links light energy with chemical energy

(b) Organisms that can prepare their own food

(d) Cells that surround a stomatal pore

(e) Organisms that cannot prepare their own food

(f) An enzyme secreted from gastric glands in the stomach that acts on proteins.

Photosynthesis
Chloroplasts
Guard cells
Heterotrophs

37. “All plants give out oxygen during day and carbon dioxide during the night”. Do you agree with this statement? Give reason.

The statement is wrong because plants respire every time and expel out Carbon-di-oxide every time but they give out oxygen only in the daytime as the photosynthesis process can take place only in the presence of sunlight.

38. How do the guard cells regulate the opening and closing of stomatal pores?

Opening of guard cells is facilitated by the entry of water inside guard cells. This make the guard cell turgid. The closing of guard cells is facilitated by water coming out of guard cells. This will make the guard cells flaccid.

Entry of water inside guard cells will make the cell turgid leading to the opening of stomata. Similarly, the cell becomes flaccid when water comes out of guard cells, this leads to the closing of the stomata.

39. Two green plants are kept separately in oxygen-free containers, one in the dark and the other in continuous light. Which one will live longer? Give reasons.

The plant kept in continuous light live longer because plants release CO 2 during respiration. In the case of the plant kept in the dark, CO 2 resulting in lack of oxygen and the plant will die earlier.

40. If a plant is releasing carbon dioxide and taking in oxygen during the day, does it mean that there is no photosynthesis occurring? Justify your answer.

If a plant is releasing carbon dioxide and taking in oxygen during the day means plant is respiring; it does not mean that there is no photosynthesis occurring in the plant. This is because Photosynthesis and respiration are two independent processes.

41. Why do fishes die when taken out of water?

Fishes can respire only by using dissolved oxygen. When we take fish out of the water it cannot respire due to lack of dissolved oxygen and they die.

42. Differentiate between an autotroph and a heterotroph

43. Is ‘nutrition’ a necessity for an organism? Discuss.

Nutrition is an absolute necessity for the organisms because nutrition provides energy for carrying out metabolic activities.

44. What would happen if green plants disappear from earth?

Green plants are the sources of energy for all the heterotrophs on earth. Plants convert solar and chemical energy into viable food sources. If plants get disappeared from the earth, it leads to an imbalance in the ecosystem and heterotrophs may die without food.

45. Leaves of a healthy potted plant were coated with vaseline. Will this plant remain healthy for long? Give reasons for your answer.

Coating vaseline to the leaves of a healthy plant will clog its stomata pores and stops the respiration of plants and the plants die.

46. How does aerobic respiration differ from anaerobic respiration?

47. Match the words of Column (A) with that of Column (B)

48. Differentiate between an artery and a vein.

Artery has thick walls whereas Veins has thin walls.

Arteries carry blood away from the heart but veins carry blood to the heart.

In arteries valves are absent and in veins they are present

In arteries, blood flows under pressure but in veins, there will be no pressure.

49. What are the adaptations of leaf for photosynthesis?

Adaptation of leaf for photosynthesis are as follows

The surface of the leaf is flat to allow greater exposure of light.
Presence of chlorophyll to trap sunlight
Presence of stomata on the lower surface for easy transpiration

50. Why is small intestine in herbivores longer than in carnivores?

Food of herbivores contains mostly cellulose. To digest cellulose herbivores need help of certain bacteria. To accommodate the microbes and to facilitate digestion of food herbivores has longer small intestine than carnivores.

51. What will happen if the mucus is not secreted by the gastric glands?

Mucus prevent the inner lining of the stomach from HCL. Mucus prevents drying of the inner lining of the stomach. Mucus helps in easy movement of food particles through the digestive system. If the mucus is not secreted food will not easily be moved through the digestive system. HCL will damage the stomach lining and the digestion process will not take place.

52. What is the significance of the emulsification of fats?

Emulsification is a process of breakage of larger fats molecules into digestible fat globules. Emulsification aids action enzymes on fats by breaking larger fat molecules.

53. What causes movement of food inside the alimentary canal?

Peristalsis is the process that cause movement of food inside the alimentary canal.

54. Why does the absorption of digested food occur mainly in the small intestine?

Small intestine has specialized structures that facilitate the absorption of digested food. Small intestine has several folds that increase the area of absorption. Small intestine also has fingerlike projection called microvilli which are richly supplied by blood vessels.

55. Match Group (A) with Group (B)

56. Why is the rate of breathing in aquatic organisms much faster than in terrestrial organisms?

Rate of breathing in aquatic organisms much faster than in terrestrial organisms because the availability of oxygen is less in water than on land, hence to obtain required oxygen aquatic organisms has to work hard.

57. Why is blood circulation in the human heart called double circulation?

In Humans blood flow in two directions simultaneously in one cardiac cycle. Oxygenated blood comes to the heart from the lungs and at the same time, de-oxygenated blood goes from Heart towards the lungs. Because of this double movement is blood circulation in the human heart called double circulation.

58. What is the advantage of having a four-chambered heart?

Four chambered heart has the following advantages

Clear cut division of labours among different chambers
Segregation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the heart.
Efficiency of the heart will increase.

59. Mention the major events during photosynthesis

Major events of Photosynthesis are

Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll
Conversion of light energy into chemical energy
Splitting of water molecules into Hydrogen and Oxygen
Reduction of CO2 to form carbohydrates.

60. In each of the following situations what happens to the rate of photosynthesis?

(a) Cloudy days

(b) No rainfall in the area

(d) Stomata get blocked due to dust

Rate of photosynthesis will reduce due to the availability of sunlight.
Rainfall will not affect the rate of Photosynthesis
Manuring will not affect the rate of Photosynthesis
Blockage of stomata will reduce the rate of photosynthesis because blockage will affect availability pf Carbon-di-oxide.

61. Name the energy currency in the living organisms. When and where is it produced?

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the energy currency in the living organisms. It is produced in Mitochondria during respiration.

62. What is common for Cuscuta, ticks and leeches?

These all are parasite. They live on or inside another body to obtain food from the host. In obtaining food parasites always harm their host.

63. Explain the role of the mouth in digestion of food.

Role of mouth in digestion of food.

Ingestion of food
Breakage of food by Mastication
Saliva aids easy swallowing of food
Salivary amylase breaks starch into simpler carbohydrates.

64. What are the functions of gastric glands present in the wall of the stomach?

Hydrochloric acid, pepsin and mucus are secreted by gastric gland present in the stomach. They have following functions.

HCL Kills germs present in the food and it decreases P H of the stomach which is essential for the working of digestive enzymes.

Pepsin digests protein.

Mucus protects the stomach’s inner line from HCL.

65. Match the terms in Column (A) with those in Column (B)

66. Name the correct substrates for the following enzymes

(a) Trypsin

(b) Amylase

67. Why do veins have thin walls as compared to arteries?

Blood flow through veins does not exert pressure on walls of veins hence they have thin walls. Blood flow in arteries exerts high pressure on arterial walls hence they need thick walls.

68. What will happen if platelets were absent in the blood?

Platelets are responsible for the clotting of the blood. If platelets are absent blood will not clot. In case of injuries, blood flow cannot be stopped without clotting and this may prove fatal for the person.

69. Plants have low energy needs as compared to animals. Explain.

Most of the transport in plants occurs through passive transport which does not require energy and plants standstill at one place and they will not travel in search of food Hence Plants require low energy compared to animals.

70. Why and how does water enter continuously into the root xylem?

Water should enter the root xylem continuously to assist the various process such as photosynthesis. Continuous flow of water into root xylem is due to transpiration pull.

71. Why is transpiration important for plants?

Transpiration is important for plants because of the following reasons.

(a) It creates transpiration pull to facilitate the ascent of sap.

(b) Ascent of sap is necessary to make water available for photosynthesis.

72. How do leaves of plants help in excretion?

Leaves plays an important role in excretion in plants because CO 2 is expelled out through pores of stomata present in the leaf. Plants shed leaves to get rid of excretory products deposited on them.

Long Answer Questions

73. Explain the process of nutrition in Amoeba.

Amoeba shows holozoic nutrition which is comprised of Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Assimilation and Egestion.

Ameoba traps food particles through fingerlike projections called pseudopodia. Pseudopodia present outside its body and helps in taking food along with water

Food vacuoles are made after ingesting the food. Enzymes are released in the food vacuole for digestion.

Absorption:

After digestion, nutrients enter the cytoplasm through osmosis.

Assimilation:

Nutrients are utilized by the cell for various purposes.

Food vacuole goes near the cell membrane to empty its contents outside the cell. This results in the expulsion of waste materials from the cell.

74. Describe the alimentary canal of man.

Human Alimentary canal has the following parts

Buccal Cavity:

Generally called as mouth and it consists of tongue, teeth and salivary gland. It is the entry site for the food to the digestive system. Food is breakdown into simpler molecules by mastication in the buccal cavity and salivary amylase breaks Starch into simpler carbohydrates in the Buccal cavity.

Oesophagus:

Buccal cavity is connected to the long tube-like structure called as Oesophagus. Oesophagus connects the buccal cavity to the stomach and assists the inflow of food towards the stomach. Oesophagus has a valve to prevent backflow of food particles.

Stomach is a J Shaped organ which has gastric glands in it. Gastric glands secrets Hydrochloric acid, Pepsin and Mucus that helps in the digestion of food.

Small Intestine:

Small intestine is highly coiled long structure. Small intestine performs major of the food absorption. Small intestine has specialized structures that facilitate the absorption of digested food. Small intestine has several folds that increase the area of absorption. Small intestine also has fingerlike projection called microvilli which are richly supplied by blood vessels.

Large Intestine :

This is shorter than the small intestine and its lumen is larger than that of Small intestine. The major function of the large intestine is to absorb water from the remaining indigestible food matter and transmit the useless waste material from the body.

Large Intestine open into rectum. Waste materials and undigested food are stored in the rectum.

It is the opening at the end of the alimentary canal. Solid waste materials leave the body through Anus.

75. Explain the process of breathing in man

Breathing in Humans has two processes 1) Inhalation 2) Exhalation

Inhalation:

Inhalation is the process of taking oxygen. During this process, ribs come out and the diaphragm moves down. This increases the volume of the lungs and decreases the pressure. This will make the air move towards the lungs.

Exhalation:

Exhalation is a process of throwing out carbon-dioxide. During this process, ribs go down and the diaphragm moves up. This decreases the volume of the lungs and increases the pressure. As a result, air moves out of the lungs.

76. Explain the importance of soil for plant growth.

Soil is very important for the growth of the plant for the following reasons.

Soil provides the base for the growth of the plants and provides a platform for the penetration of roots.
It acts as a reservoir of the water.
Soil has different minerals essential for the growth of the plant. Soil is the only medium from which soil obtain nutrients.
Soil has organic materials essential for the growth of the plants.
Soil has microorganisms that have a symbiotic relationship with the plant and these microbes assist the plant in their growth and life processes.

77. Draw the diagram of the alimentary canal of man and label the following parts. Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach, Intestine

78. How do carbohydrates, proteins and fats get digested in human beings?

Carbohydrate Digestion

Digestion of carbohydrates starts with buccal cavity where salivary enzymes break down the starch into simple sugar molecules. Other sugar molecules are breakdown to glucose in the small intestine.

Protein digestion

Proteins are partially digested by pepsin secreted by gastric glands present in the stomach. Then Pancreatic juice secrets trypsin and chymotrypsin enzymes in the small intestine where complete digestion of proteins takes place.

Fat Digestion

Fats are digested in the small intestine. Bile juice present in the liver emulsifies the fat which breaks fats into small globules. These small fat globules are converted into glycerol and fatty acids by Lipase enzyme.

79. Explain the mechanism of photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is a process by which plants produce their own food by utilizing sunlight, CO2 and water. CO@ and water are converted to carbohydrates with the evolution of oxygen. Photosynthesis reaction can be given by the following reaction.

6CO 2 + 6H 2 O Sunlight energy C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

Process of Photosynthesis is divided into 4 processes

Reduction of CO2 to produce carbohydrates

80. Explain the three pathways of breakdown in living organisms.

Glucose is first broken down to 3 carbon molecule called pyruvate. This process takes place in the cytoplasm of all organisms. Pyruvate is further broken down by the flowing steps.

Pyruvate is broken down in the absence of oxygen and the process is called anaerobic respiration. In yeasts, pyruvate is broken down to produce CO 2 and ethanol.

In Muscle Cells:

During rigorous physical activity, the energy demand of our muscles cells increases rapidly. This is compensated by anaerobic respiration in muscle cells. In muscle cells, pyruvate is broken down into lactic acid.

In Mitochondria:

In case of aerobic respiration( in presence of oxygen) pyruvate is broken down in mitochondria. Here Pyruvate is broken down to produce H 2 O and CO 2. Aerobic respiration is most common in most of the organisms.

81. Describe the flow of blood through the heart of human beings

• Deoxygenated blood from different organs comes to the right atrium through the vena cava.

• From the right atrium, blood goes to the right ventricle. The tricuspid valve between the right atrium and right ventricle prevents the backflow of blood.

• From the right ventricle, blood goes to the lungs through the pulmonary artery. Inside the lungs, carbon dioxide is removed from the blood and oxygen enters the blood.

• From the lungs, blood goes to the left atrium through the pulmonary vein.

• From the left atrium, blood goes to the left ventricle.

• From the left ventricle, blood is pumped into the aorta so that it can be supplied to different organs.

82. Describe the process of urine formation in kidneys

The basic filtration unit in the kidneys is a cluster of very thin-walled blood capillaries. Each capillary cluster in the kidney is associated with the cup-shaped end of a coiled tube called Bowman’s capsule that collects the filtrate (Fig. 6.14). Each kidney has large numbers of these filtration units called nephrons packed close together.

Some substances in the initial filtrate, such as glucose, amino acids, salts and a major amount of water, are selectively re-absorbed as the urine flows along the tube. The amount of water re-absorbed depends on how much

excess water is there in the body and on how much of dissolved waste there is to be excreted. The urine forming in each kidney eventually enters a long tube, the ureter, which connects the kidneys with the urinary bladder.

Urine is stored in the urinary bladder until the pressure of the expanded bladder leads to the urge to pass it out through the urethra. The bladder is muscular, so it is under nervous control.

Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes NCERT Exemplar

These Exemplars will help students gain insights into all the important chapter questions as well as develop a better understanding of each topic. Additionally, using these exemplars will enable students to study effectively and be well-prepared to answer any type of question that can be asked in the board exam.

Class 10 Science NCERT Life Process Important Topics

What Is Life Process?
Autotrophic Nutrition
Heterotrophic Nutrition
How Do Organisms Obtain Their Nutrition?
Nutrition in Human Beings
Respiration
Transportation
Excretion in Human Beings
Excretion in Plants

NCERT Exemplar Solutions, provided on BYJU’S website, will boost your exam preparation by providing you with the additional knowledge required to understand the concepts clearly. Students are recommended to study these Exemplar Solutions and NCERT Solutions thoroughly to excel in CBSE Class 10 examination. To score good marks in the Class 10 examinations, students can access and download the study materials provided at BYJU’S in PDFs for free. To access the study material, you can visit BYJU’S website or download BYJU’S – The Learning App.

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Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6
In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on Assertion and Reason. There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked. Here, we have provided case … Continue reading Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 ...
Case Study Questions Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes
Life Processes Case Study Questions With Answers. Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes. Case Study/Passage-Based Questions. Question 1: Transpiration is the evaporative loss of water by plants. It occurs mainly through the stoma in the leaves.
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Please practise these case study based Class 10 Science Questions and answers to get more marks in examinations. Case Study Questions Chapter 6 Life Processes. Case/Passage - 1. There is a pair of bean-shaped organs P in the human body towards the back, just above the waist. A waste product Q formed by the decomposition of unused proteins in ...
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At Case Study Questions there will given a Paragraph. In where some Important Questions will made on that respective Case Based Study. There will various types of marks will given 1 marks, 2 marks, 3 marks, 4 marks. CBSE Case Based Questions Class 10 Science Chemistry Chapter 6. CASE STUDY : 1. Carbon and energy requirements of the autotrophic ...
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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Textbook Chapter End Questions. Question 1. The kidneys in human beings are a part of the system for. (i) nutrition. (ii) respiration. (iii) excretion. (iv) transportation. Answer: (iii) Excretion.
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Case Study Questions Class 10 Science. In board exams, students will find the questions based on assertion and reasoning. Also, there will be a few questions based on case studies. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked. Case Study Questions for Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations.
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The Class 10 NCERT Solutions for Science Chapter 6 Life Processes includes all the intext and exercise questions. Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes NCERT questions and answers help students to clear their doubts and to obtain good marks in Class 10 board exam. All the solutions provided in this article are strictly based on the CBSE ...
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Class 10 Science: Case Study Chapter 6 Life Processes PDF Download. by experts. In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on Assertion and Reason. There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes
Answer. The following raw materials are required for photosynthesis: → Carbon Dioxide: Plants get CO 2 from atmosphere through stomata. → Water: Plants absorb water from soil through roots and transport to leaves. → Sunlight: Sunlight, which is absorbed by the chlorophyll and other green parts of the plant. 3.
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The Class 10 Science chapter 6 tells students about metabolism, which is a chemical process that occurs in a human body responsible for controlling the human state of the cells in an organism. The metabolism has two classes catabolism and anabolism. Vedantu is a platform that provides free NCERT Solutions and other study materials for students.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes
Explain the concept of Aerobic respiration covered in Chapter 6 of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science. 1. The process occurs in the presence of oxygen. 2. CO 2, water and energy are the products of aerobic respiration. 3. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm first step, followed by mitochondria in the second step.
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Life Processes Class 10 Science Extra Questions with Answers. Question 1: Mention the raw materials required for photosynthesis. Answer: The following raw materials are required for photosynthesis: (i) Carbon Dioxide: Plants get CO 2 from atmosphere through stomata. (ii)Water: Plants absorb water from soil through roots and transport to leaves.
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Case Study Question for Class 10 Science Ch. 1 to 16 Case Study: 1. 1) Sahil performed an experiment to study the inheritance pattern of genes. He crossed tall pea plants (TT) with short pea plants (tt) and obtained all tall plants in F1 generation. (CBSE Sample Paper 2022) a.) What will be set of genes present in the F1 generation?
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The Class 10 Exemplar provided here consists of MCQs, fill in the blanks, practice questions, value-based questions, and previous years' questions on Life Processes. Class 10 Science Chapter 6 mainly deals with the maintenance processes in living organisms. In this chapter, students will learn to identify vital life processes and understand ...
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