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Starting Maize Farming Business in South Africa – Business Plan (PDF, Word & Excel)

Posted by BizBolts | Agriculture , All Articles , Business Plans , Crop Farming

Maize farming, often regarded as the heartbeat of the South Africa’s agriculture industry, presents an alluring prospect for those seeking a robust and rewarding business venture. With a rich heritage deeply rooted in maize consumption and production, South Africa offers a nurturing environment for the maize farming business. Maize holds a prominent place in the nation’s culinary and cultural heritage. As a staple food that graces countless dinner tables, its demand remains steadfast year after year. Maize is the most used feed grain in South Africa and staple food for the majority of South Africans. This steady demand, coupled with the nation’s diverse climatic zones and government support for the agricultural sector, forms the bedrock of the maize farming industry’s potential. Furthermore, the ability to contribute to local food security, explore export opportunities, and adapt to sustainable practices makes maize farming not only a financially lucrative endeavor but also a rewarding one, aligning perfectly with the broader goal of promoting agricultural sustainability and prosperity in South Africa. This article will outline how to start the maize farming business in South Africa, and the maize farming business plan – PDF, Word & Excel.

Before you start the maize farming business, there are some important decisions which you have to make. You have to decide on the size of your maize production business ie how many hectares of maize you will farm. There are many different maize varieties/cultivars, so you have to select which one you will farm, the season you are going to carry out your maize farming, and your target market. The size of your maize farming business will depend on the size of land you have, the amount of capital you have, and your target market. It’s important that you have a good maize production business plan before you venture into this business.

Market Research

Market research is a crucial initial step when embarking on the journey of starting a maize farming business in South Africa. To ensure the success and sustainability of your venture, it’s essential to gain a deep understanding of the market landscape. Firstly, identifying your target market is vital. Determine whether you plan to cater to local consumers, regional markets, or even international export markets, and define your target audience clearly. Furthermore, market research should encompass pricing strategies, regulatory compliance, and staying attuned to market trends and innovations. By calculating production costs and aligning your pricing strategy with market prices, you can estimate potential profits. Part of your market research should involve a comprehensive understanding of maize pricing dynamics within your target market. This includes identifying the prevailing market prices for maize and its related products, determining the factors influencing price fluctuations, and recognizing the seasonality of maize prices. Equally important is identifying your potential customer base and their buying behaviors. By delving into these aspects, you can strategically position your maize farming business, set competitive prices, and plan your production and marketing strategies to capitalize on favorable price trends and consumer demand fluctuations throughout the year

Land for Maize Farming Business

Land is a primary requirement and must be suitable for maize farming. To be profitable in the maize farming business, you should harvest as much yield as possible, and the type of soil on your maize farming has an impact on the yield. When it comes to maize farming, soil fertility is of utmost importance. The use of decayed leaves, compost or animal manure as organic matter is highly recommended to increase the soil fertility. The soil should have good drainage, and should not contain toxic materials. The soil should also have good water holding capacities. Maize can grow on a wide array of soil textures depending on the type of maize. pH of the soil for maize farming should be between 6-7.

Machinery & Equipment for Maize Production Business

You will need different kinds of machinery and equipment for your maize farming business. Land preparation is essential before you plant maize, and that requires different types of machinery and equipment. Subsistence maize farmers can prepare the land with hand held equipment and animal drawn equipment since their lands are small. However for commercial maize farming businesses, there is need for machinery and equipment such as tractors, fertiliser spreaders, combine harvesters, irrigation equipment. It will cheap to hire the equipment as an and when you need it, instead of buying.

Maize farming can be done with or without irrigation. If you are using irrigation, you will need power for the irrigation system. You can incorporate the use of electricity powered pumps, solar or fuel powered pumps. Higher level of mechanisation in your maize farming operations will lead to higher efficiency hence higher profitability. Your maize farming business plan should cater for the costs of purchasing or hiring machinery and equipment.

Maize Farming Inputs

You will require maize seeds to start maize farming in South Africa. Ensure that you buy quality maize seeds from certified and reputable suppliers. Poor quality maize seed will lead to low yields and poor quality of the harvested maize. The popular suppliers of maize seeds in South Africa include Pioneer Seeds, Monsanto, Pannar Seeds and Sensako. You can plant white or yellow maize as they are both in demand in South Africa.

The other important input in maize farming are fertilisers. Fertilisers increase the fertility of the soil thus supporting the growth of the maize. Maize requires a variety of essential nutrients for it to grow to its full potential. These nutrients include nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. These nutrients should be provided via fertilisers and manure to promote growth of the maize crops. Weed control is also essential during maize farming, and this is done by applying herbicides. Fungicides and insecticides are essential for protection of your plants against insects and fungi. The costs of acquiring all these inputs should be included in your maize farming budgets.

Pests, Weeds & Disease Control

Managing pests, weeds, and diseases is an integral aspect of successful maize farming. Pests such as aphids, cutworms, and maize borers can devastate a maize crop if not properly controlled. Employing integrated pest management (IPM) practices is a recommended approach. IPM involves a combination of preventive measures, such as selecting maize varieties with natural pest resistance, and targeted interventions like the judicious use of pesticides when necessary. Regular field monitoring is essential to detect pest infestations early, enabling timely and effective responses to protect your maize crop. In addition to pest management, weed control is equally critical. Weeds compete with maize plants for essential resources like nutrients, water, and sunlight, which can lead to reduced yields. Effective weed management includes practices like proper land preparation, the use of pre-plant herbicides, and post-emergence weeding techniques. Employing herbicides as part of your weed management strategy, both before planting and post-emergence, can help keep weed populations in check. Additionally, the use of fungicides is pivotal in preventing and controlling diseases like maize rust and leaf blight. Furthermore, diseases like maize rust and leaf blight can pose significant threats. Disease-resistant maize varieties and sanitation practices, such as removing and destroying infected plants, are crucial components of disease control. By giving due emphasis to the responsible application of pesticides, fungicides, and herbicides, you can fortify your maize farming efforts and ensure the health and productivity of your crop.

Labour for Maize Farming Business

When doing maize farming business, you will need to hire part time farm workers as and when necessary. Part-time labourers will be required because there’s a lot of seasonal work to be done. Some of the activities will include land preparation, seed planting, applying fertilisers and manure, ploughing, harvesting, amongst several others. The part time farm workers should be paid according to the number of days worked so as to cut costs. You also require supervisors, farm manager, finance & accounting staff, and logistics staff depending on the scale of your maize farming business. The wages and salaries of your workers should be included in your maize farming business plan.

Maize Farming Business Model

In the maize farming business model, the process begins with securing suitable land for cultivation. Once you have your land, you plant maize seeds, initiating the growth cycle. Throughout the growth period, you must provide essential inputs, including regular watering, fertilizers to enrich soil nutrients, and pesticides to protect against pests and diseases. Additionally, labor costs are incurred for tasks such as planting, maintenance, and eventual harvesting. It’s essential to note that the specific timeline for harvesting typically falls between 4 to 6 months after planting. The potential for profit in maize farming lies in the substantial yield, which can range from 5 to 15 tonnes per hectare. This yield varies depending on factors like the chosen production system, the quality of inputs used, and the maize variety cultivated. The revenue from selling the maize surpasses the initial inputs, production costs, and operational expenses, resulting in good profits. The business model underscores the importance of efficient planning, diligent execution, and market-savvy strategies to maximize your returns in the maize farming business.

The market for maize in South Africa is very huge and is ever increasing. The local demand for maize is about 10 million tonnes per year. South Africa also exports excess maize to other African countries. Maize has a variety of uses in South Africa. It’s consumed green maize. It is also milled to produce maize meal which is used in meals in South Africa. It can also be used to make maize oil which is used in cooking. Cereal can also be made using maize. Maize also has a variety of industrial uses, including in paper coating and sizing, soap, adhesives, rust proofing for metal surfaces, inks, paint, textiles, , salve and insecticides. Maize is also used to make livestock and poultry feeds, especially yellow maize . You can supply your maize to individuals, maize millers, animal feed producers, traders, food processors, organisations and industrial companies. Your maize business plan ought to include a proper market analysis and marketing plan to use in your maize farming business.

maize farming business plan in south africa

Keys to Profitability in Maize Farming Business

Achieving profitability in your maize farming business in South Africa hinges on a multifaceted approach that encompasses several key factors. First and foremost, it’s crucial to invest in high-quality inputs and adopt sound agronomic practices. This includes using top-notch seeds, fertilizers, and pest control methods, while also implementing efficient planting, irrigation, and soil management techniques. Such measures are essential in optimizing crop health and yield, setting the stage for financial success.

Selecting the right maize varieties is another pivotal aspect. By choosing varieties that align with your region’s specific conditions and meet market demands, you can enhance your chances of success. Diversification and risk management also play a vital role, as planting multiple crops alongside maize can help mitigate potential losses due to weather or market fluctuations. Additionally, maintaining a market-oriented approach is essential. Staying abreast of market trends and consumer preferences, diversifying revenue streams, and controlling costs are integral elements that enable you to tailor your production to market demands.

Effective post-harvest handling practices, budgeting, financial management, and networking with industry stakeholders are all crucial components of a successful maize farming business model. Furthermore, a commitment to continuous learning and adaptation to new farming techniques and technologies will keep your venture competitive and resilient. By incorporating these strategies and approaches, you can unlock the full potential of your maize farming venture in South Africa, positioning it for profitability and long-term sustainability.

Advantages of Maize Farming Business in South Africa

Starting a maize farming business in South Africa comes with a plethora of advantages that make it an appealing venture for both seasoned farmers and newcomers to the agricultural sector. One of the foremost benefits is the steady demand and market stability of maize in the country. As a staple food, maize enjoys unwavering popularity, ensuring a reliable customer base for farmers. South Africa’s well-established maize industry further reinforces market stability, reducing the risk of unpredictable price fluctuations.

The geographical diversity of South Africa’s climatic zones is another advantage that maize farmers can leverage. This diversity enables maize cultivation throughout the year in different regions, allowing farmers to adapt their planting and harvesting times to local conditions. Moreover, the country’s varied climatic zones help mitigate the impact of adverse weather events, enhancing the resilience of maize farming.

Maize farming in South Africa offers opportunities for expansion beyond domestic borders. The country has the potential to export maize and its products to neighboring nations and international markets, providing farmers with additional revenue streams. Furthermore, the government’s support for the agricultural sector through subsidies, grants, and technical assistance plays a crucial role in reducing the financial burden on maize farmers and encourages the adoption of sustainable farming practices. Overall, a maize farming business in South Africa not only promises a stable income but also contributes to local food security, making it a well-rounded and advantageous venture within the agricultural landscape.

PRE-WRITTEN MAIZE FARMING BUSINESS PLAN (PDF, WORD AND EXCEL): COMPREHENSIVE VERSION, SHORT FUNDING/BANK LOAN VERSION AND AUTOMATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For an in-depth analysis of the maize farming business in South Africa, purchase our maize farming business plan. We decided to introduce the business plans after noting that many South Africans were venturing into the maize production business without a full understanding of the industry, market, how to run the business, the risks involved, profitability of the business and the costs involved, leading to a high failure rate of their businesses.

Our business plan will make it easier for you to launch and run a maize production business successfully, fully knowing what you are going into, and what’s needed to succeed in the business. It will be easier to plan and budget as the maize production business plan will lay out all the costs involved in setting up and running the maize farming business. The business plan is designed specifically for the South African market.

USES OF THE MAIZE PRODUCTION BUSINESS PLAN (PDF, WORD AND EXCEL)

The maize production business plan can be used for many purposes including:

Raising capital from investors/friends/relatives
Applying for a bank loan
Start-up guide to launch your maize farming business
As a maize farming project proposal
Assessing profitability of the maize farming business
Finding a business partner
Assessing the initial start-up costs so that you know how much to save
Manual for current business owners to help in business and strategy formulation

CONTENTS OF THE MAIZE FARMING BUSINESS PLAN (PDF, WORD AND EXCEL)

The business plan includes, but not limited to:

Market Analysis
Industry Analysis
5 Year Automated Financial Statements [ Income statements, cash flow statements, balance sheets, monthly cash flow projections (3 years monthly cash flow projections, the remaining two years annually),break even analysis, payback period analysis, start-up costs, financial graphs, revenue and expenses, Bank Loan Amortisation]
Marketing Strategy
Risk Analysis
SWOT & PEST Analysis
Operational Requirements
Maize farming guide (Technical Details of how to plant, grow and harvest the maize)
Operational Strategy
Why some South Africans in the maize production business fail, so that you can avoid their mistakes
Ways to raise capital to start your maize farming business in South Africa
Directory [Contact Details for South African suppliers of inputs (seeds, fertilisers, equipment etc) and contacts of maize farming training companies in South Africa]

The Maize Farming Business Plan package consist of 4 files

Maize Farming Business Plan – PDF file (Comprehensive – 95 pages)
Maize Farming Business Plan – Editable Word File (Comprehensive – 95 pages)
Maize Farming Business Plan Funding Version – Editable Word File (Short version for applying for a loan – 44 pages)
Maize Farming Business Plan Automated Financial Statements – (Editable Excel file)

Testimonial 6

It is with excitement and pleasure to inform you that I have been successful in securing a loan from my bank. This would not have been possible if not for the BizBolts Business Plan. Thank you for your help, my dreams are now coming true.

Testimonial 1

Many thanks to the BizBolts team for putting together a fantastic business plan, I could not have done this business plan on my own. I managed to get funding from investors to start my butchery business using your business plan.

Testimonial 4

The business plan was very helpful, you did a great job of taking ideas and putting them into words as well as pointing out other aspects of the business plan I wouldn’t have thought of. I got funding using your business plan and it’s now 4 months since I started my poultry business, and everything is going well.

Testimonial 3

The business plan has a highly professional look and feel. The research really helps me look deep into the market that I am targeting, it’s well suited for the South African market. The business plan clearly outlined everything I need to start the business and the costs. It’s now easier to budget and plan. Thank you very much.

Testimonial 2

I am extremely pleased with the business plan and financial statements. The business plan is very detailed & it meets my requirements. I feel better equipped with tools that can help me secure funding. I would have no hesitation of recommending your business plans to other people.

Testimonial 7

Thank you BizBolts for the business plan. I received the business plan immediately after payment, it was money well spent ! I was able to easily edit the business plan. After using the BizBolts business plan, I can wholeheartedly recommend their products and skills.

Testimonial 5

The BizBolts poultry business plan led us down the path from start to finish. Contact details of suppliers of key requirements were included in the business plan. It helped us crystallize our strategy, and the business plan was well received by the bank.

GET THE MAIZE FARMING BUSINESS PLAN (PDF, WORD AND EXCEL) - R500 Only.

We decided to make the business plan affordable to anyone who would want to start the business, and the price for the pre-written business plan is only 500 Rand.

We have several payment methods which you can use.

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Click Buy Now below to purchase. After you have purchased, you will instantly see the download link for the business plan package on the screen. We will also email you the download link. Get instant access to the business plan now!

If you want to purchase multiple business plans at once using Visa Card/MasterCard then click here: Business Plans Store

The business plan package is a zipped compressed file containing the PDF, Word and Excel documents. To open the package after downloading it, just right click, and select Extract All. If you have any problems in downloading and opening the files, email us on [email protected] and we will assist you.

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Call/Whatsapp us on +27606334830 for the other payment methods. (Whatsapp us by clicking the link https://wa.me/27606334830 ). Email: [email protected] .

About The Author

BizBolts (Pty) Ltd is a business research company based in Johannesburg, South Africa. We sell prewritten business plans for various industries including livestock production, crop farming and retail businesses. BizBolts also publishes articles on business ideas, business news, business tips, personal finance, and entrepreneur profiles.

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How to start a maize farming business in South Africa

March 22, 2021

Learn How to start a maize farming business in South Africa. One of the most important aspects of agricultural farming is maize farming in South Africa. In all countries across the globe, it is farmed. The production of maize is greater than that of wheat or rice and is not only eaten by humans but also used in a variety of regions. Maize, to name a few, will contain maize starch, animal feed, corn ethanol and corn syrup. This article will provide you with the skills you need to start a maize farming business in South Africa.

As with any other company in South Africa, before starting out, you should write a business plan for your maize farming business in South Africa. The business plan should highlight the priorities and goals and all about the business’s entire operations in South Africa.

Maize farming land in South Africa – You will need some land in South Africa, a few hectares to begin with if you want to go do maize farming as a commercial business. Some farmers, right in their backyard, are able to farm maize, but that won’t do anything for your earnings. The farming of home-grown maize is for eating with your family at home. To start with, you need to get approximately 3 to 5 hectares of land. By leasing it or purchasing it, you can get the property. While leasing would be the more viable choice for a new farmer. Maize can grow on almost any soil, but in rich moist soil with a pH between 5.8 and 6.8, it is the best soil to grow maize. The soil’s health will decide the yield you get.
Maize farming machinery in South Africa – You’re not going to be able to work the land alone; you’re going to need maize farming equipment in South Africa to support you. With farming, ploughing, planting and harvesting, the machinery can support. This machinery is typically costly, with some farmers exchanging machinery for a labour force.
You need the right type of corn seed – There are different types of maize species, so it’s crucial to choose the right one for your field. Flour corn, Popcorn, Dent corn, Flint corn, Sweet corn, Waxy corn, Amylomaize, Pod corn, and striped maize are the various types of maize.
Maize farming market research in South Africa – It is necessary to do market research in South Africa, and when planning your maize farming business, questions such as where you will sell your maize after harvest should be answered. Most farmers sell their maize for processing to retail stores or to factories in the secondary sector. You should know to whom, after the harvest, you will sell your maize to in South Africa.
Maize farming work-force – To help you out with all this operation, you will need a few employees; it is not something you are going to be able to do all by yourself. For every country and region, the cost of labour is different.

We hope this article has helped give you an insight into how to start a maize farming business in South Africa. Do you have any questions? feel free to comment or contact me.

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Maize farming in South Africa

by AgriMag Staff Writer · February 28, 2019

Are you interested in maize farming? South Africa makes a significant contribution to maize production across Africa and internationally, and with the right climate and soil conditions, you can set up a successful agricultural enterprise. Find dependable farm equipment for sale on AgriMag and get your business off to a good start.

Maize farming overview

Maize, also referred to as corn, comes in different shapes and various sizes. Maize farming dates back thousands of years, when it was first cultivated in Mexico. Since then there has been a range of different types cultivated to thrive in various conditions. With over one billion tons of maize produced on an international scale, it’s a popular grain crop that forms part of the staple diet of many people. Maize forms 38% of the overall grain production followed by wheat and then rice.

Locally grown, maize makes up a significant contribution to international cultivation. Planted on 2.8 million hectares, locally cultivated maize accounts for 20% of the production in sub-Saharan Africa. The growth of maize production has been promoted by cutting-edge technology as well as the use of genetically modified crops. However, drought has had a negative impact on South Africa’s production over the previous year.

What equipment do you need?

Finding durable equipment for sale is a worthwhile investment for any farmer. Maize farming requires a range of implements, including: ● Tractors ● A combine harvester ● A planter ● An irrigation system ● Tillage implements

What climate is suitable for maize farming?

Maize farming is well-suited to warm weather conditions. If the average temperature drops under 19°C or exceeds 32°C, it’s not the best conditions for cultivating this type of crop. In summer, the best-suited areas for growing maize have a temperature that is higher than 23 °C. While it’s possible for the seeds to grow when the temperature is 10°C, the best conditions are a soil temperature that is between 16°C to 18°C. With a soil temperature of 20°C, the seeds should germinate in five to six days.

Frost is a threat to maize farmers. In order to safeguard the crop, the region should have periods without frost that last for 120 to 140 days. Rainfall is another important consideration and each plant uses 250l of water before it is harvested, providing that there is no moisture stress.

What soil does this type of crop require?

The right soil sets the foundation for your crops to thrive. The ideal clay content for the cultivation of maize is between 10% and 30%. When it comes to maize farming, the following conditions need to be considered: ● Ample depth ● Good structure ● Sufficient internal drainage ● Moisture content ● Balanced nutrients ● Chemical properties

What factors affect crop yield?

Projecting the potential crop yield is an important part of any agricultural enterprise. There are numerous methods that can be used to speculate what yield your maize will generate. Data collection is a useful technique as it takes into account the specific factors of your farm. The following factors impact crop yield potential: ● Fertilisation ● Soil cultivation ● Plant density

Maize farming forms an important part of the South African economy. You can benefit from the demand for this grain by setting up your own maize farm. Looking for the right machines for your business? Find top-quality farm equipment for sale on AgriMag.

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Maize Farming: South Africa’s Staple Crop and Economic Driver

Maize farming plays a vital role in South Africa as both a staple crop and an economic driver. Maize, also known as corn, is one of the most important crops in the country and is widely cultivated across different regions. Here’s an overview of maize farming in South Africa:

Importance as a Staple Crop: Maize is a staple food for the majority of South Africans, especially in rural areas. It is a key component of the local diet and is consumed in various forms, including maize meal, maize flour, and as a whole grain. Maize provides essential nutrients and calories, making it a crucial food source for the population.
Economic Significance: Maize farming has a significant impact on South Africa’s economy. The country is one of the largest producers of maize in Africa and globally. The maize industry contributes to agricultural output, creates employment opportunities, and generates income for farmers, agribusinesses, and the overall economy.
Agricultural Practices: Maize farming in South Africa involves different agricultural practices, depending on the region and farming system. The cultivation of maize includes land preparation, planting, fertilization, pest and weed control, and harvesting. Farmers utilize various techniques such as mechanization, irrigation, and crop rotation to optimize yields and manage risks.
Climate and Growing Regions: South Africa has diverse climatic conditions, allowing for maize cultivation in different regions. The country experiences both summer and winter rainfall patterns. The primary maize-growing areas include the Free State, Mpumalanga, North West, KwaZulu-Natal, and Gauteng provinces. These regions provide suitable conditions for maize production, including adequate rainfall, fertile soils, and favorable temperatures.
Hybrid Maize Varieties: South African farmers predominantly grow hybrid maize varieties. These hybrids are developed through crossbreeding to exhibit desirable traits such as high yield potential, disease resistance, and adaptation to specific agroecological conditions. The use of hybrid seeds has significantly increased maize productivity in the country.
Government Support: The South African government recognizes the importance of maize farming and provides support to the sector. This support includes agricultural extension services, research and development, access to credit and subsidies, and market facilitation. Government initiatives aim to enhance productivity, promote sustainable farming practices, and ensure food security.
Export Potential: Besides meeting domestic demand, South Africa exports maize to neighboring countries and international markets. Maize exports contribute to foreign exchange earnings and strengthen trade relationships. However, export levels may vary depending on domestic production, market conditions, and regional demand.
Challenges: Maize farming in South Africa faces various challenges. These include climate change impacts, such as droughts and extreme weather events, pests and diseases, market fluctuations, and access to resources and technology. Additionally, land reform policies, transformation, and the empowerment of emerging farmers are ongoing priorities for the agricultural sector.

Overall, maize farming in South Africa serves as a critical source of food and income, driving rural livelihoods and contributing to the nation’s economy. It plays a crucial role in ensuring food security, supporting agricultural development, and fostering socio-economic progress.

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Farming South Africa

What you should know before starting a maize farm

What you should know before starting a maize farm – (Maize also known as corn or mielies)Maize farming is an agricultural process of growing maize (corn) in fields. Maize is the most important food crop in the world, and is the most important grain crop in developing countries.

Table of Contents

Is maize farming profitable

The profitability of a main maize Farm depends on a variety of factors, including the input costs, the level of yield, and the plantation costs.

Input costs : The input costs for a maize farm depend mainly on the inputs required for the growing process, such as fertilizers, seeds, and pesticides. The costs of these inputs can vary significantly from farm to farm, depending on the type of soil, the climate, and the level of production.

Yield : The yield of maize crops varies significantly from season to season and from field to field. Good yields can be achieved with a variety of inputs, including fertilizers, pesticides, and seeds. However, the level of yield also depends on the variety of maize being grown, the age of the plants, and the inputs used.

Plantation costs : Plantation costs include the costs associated with planting, harvesting, and processing the maize crops. This includes the costs of seeds, fertilizer, and other inputs, as well as the costs of equipment, transportation, and labour.

What you should know before starting a maize farm

How to start a maize (corn or mielie) farm

When starting your own maize farm, there are a few things that you need to take into consideration. One of the most important things to consider is the size of the farm. If the farm is going to be small, you might need to MOVE THE FARM EVERY YEAR. If the farm is larger, it may be possible to keep the farm stationary.

The second important consideration is the location of the farm. You will need to find a location that has good soil, access to water, and is sheltered from the weather.

The last consideration is the type of maize that you are growing. There are several varieties of maize that you can grow, and each has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. Depending on the variety of maize that you choose, you may need to adjust the other factors that I have mentioned.

Overall, it is important to do plenty of research before starting a maize farm. By taking the time to research the various factors involved, you will be able to build a farm that is tailored specifically to your needs.

Equipment needed to start a maize farm

One of the most important parts of starting a maize farm is the equipment needed. The agricultural equipment can be divided into two types, personal and commercial.

Personal Agricultural Equipment

The first type of equipment is personal agricultural equipment. This equipment is used by the individual farmer. This equipment includes a tractor, a pickup truck, and tractors.

The tractor is the most important piece of personal agricultural equipment. This machine is used to plow, till, and seed.

The pickup truck is also important. This truck is used to move the equipment around the farm.

The tractors are also important. This machine is used to plant, cultivate, and harvest the crops.

Commercial Agricultural Equipment

The second type of equipment is commercial agricultural equipment. This equipment is used by the commercial farmer. This equipment includes a combine, a harvester, and a pickup truck.

The combine is the most important piece of commercial agricultural equipment. This machine is used to combine the threshed grains from the grain crops.

The harvester is also important. This machine is used to cut the grain crops.

What is the best maize to plant in South Africa?

There are many types of maize that can be used in the different parts of South Africa. The best maize to plant in South Africa is the dent corn. Dent corn is a hardier variety of maize and is good for growing in areas that receive a lot of heat and are not well-drained. It is also good for areas that receive a lot of rainfall. The hardiness of dent corn makes it a good choice for areas that are prone to poor soil conditions.

When should maize be planted in South Africa

South Africa’s planting season for maize, the country’s staple crop, runs from late October to mid-December . By the public holiday on December 16, all the seed should be in the ground.

How is maize planted?

Maize is planted in the ground using a rotary hoe, mattock, or spade. The seed is soaked in water overnight to germinate. The young plants are then thinned to 12 plants per square meter (20 plants per acre).

How is maize grown? Maize is grown in a field with a three-foot-tallheader system. The header is a machine that cuts the corn stalks and leaves close to the ground.

What does maize provide? Maize provides food for people, animals, and plants. Maize is a source of calories, protein, and essential vitamins and minerals.

Selling your Maize (corn)

When selling maize, it is important to have a good marketing strategy in place. Markets where maize can be marketed include local supermarkets, convenience stores, farmacies, and other agricultural outlets. Selling maize in bulk is also a good option, as it can be sold at a discount.

Some tips for marketing maize include attending local farmer markets, advertising through word-of-mouth, and having promotions such as reduced pricing or free samples available.

Transporting maize to the corporations

Maize is transferred from a farm to the corporations that produce it in a variety of ways. Maize is usually commercialized by being converted into ethanol, maize products, or feed. Ethanol is mainly converted into gasoline and other fuels. Maize products can be anything from corn chips to ethanol. Corn chips are a common type of product that is commercialized. Maize products are also used in animal feed and high-fat dairy products. Feed is a major concern for farmers because it is an important way to increase yields.

How long does it take from planting to harvesting maize

Maize, also known as corn, is a cereal grain that is grown in many parts of the world. It takes about 150 days from planting to harvesting. The planting process begins by planting the seeds in the ground. The growth of the maize plants will take about 8-10 months. After the plants have grown, they will be harvested. The maize will be dried and ground into flour.

Great Changes for the Farming Industry in South Africa

Farming in South Africa has been experiencing some great changes recently and this is good news for both farmers and consumers. The latest new about farming in South Africa includes a range of factors that are set to make the industry even stronger.

One of the biggest changes is the introduction of new technologies. This has led to a more efficient way of farming and this is good news for both the farmers and the environment. Some of the newer technologies being used include precision farming, robotics, and genomics. These technologies are helping to improve the productivity of the farms and this is a great thing for the economy as a whole.

Another big change that is happening in the farming industry is the shift towards organic farming. This is a trend that is seeing great success in South Africa and it is set to continue growing in popularity. The main benefits of organic farming are that it is more environmentally friendly and it is also better for the farmers themselves. This is because organic farming is more labour-intensive, but it is also much more profitable than conventional farming.

Finally, the farming industry in South Africa is also enjoying a resurgence in popularity thanks to the growing demand for locally-produced goods. This is thanks to the increasing number of consumers who are keen to buy products that are made in their own backyard. This is a trend that is set to continue growing in popularity and it is good news for the economy as a whole.

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Let's Plan Your Maize Farm Business in Africa

OVERVIEW OF RISKS & OPPORTUNTIES OF MAIZE FARM

Opportunity rating, risk rating, highlights of a maize farm, starting a maize farm, products and services, how to operate a maize farm, marketing & sale for a maize farm, major risks in a maize farm, how much can you make in a maize farm, step by step guide of starting a maize farm business, videos we "really" like, would you recommend this opportunity, expert reviews, step-by-step guides from established entrepreneurs and experts: business plans, technical guides, financial analysis, best practices, etc. (pdf, word, excel), compare maize farm to other businesses, maize farm vs. millet farm, maize farm vs. beans farm, maize farm vs. sorghum farm, maize farm vs. sesame farm, maize farm vs. chicken farm, maize farm vs. fish farm.

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Market overview: Maize meal production in South Africa

Maize is the most widely grown crop in sub-Saharan Africa and is a staple food for an estimated 50% of the population, therefore critical to ensuring food security on the continent.

As one of the key countries that dominate maize production in the region, South Africa accounted for 20% of the maize production on the African continent in 2017.

Quick facts

Average annual production: 15.8 million tons in 2020/2021 (90% of the total cereal production in SA)
Imports: South Africa doesn’t usually import much; however due to drought it imported a record number of 770 000 tons during the 2016/2017 season
Exports: 2.8 million metric tons to countries like Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, Zimbabwe and Botswana in 2021/2022
Consumption of white maize meal: 81kg per person per year
38% of the maize produced in South Africa is for human consumption
The price of yellow maize (animal feed) directly impacts the cost of poultry in South Africa as it’s the biggest input cost for chicken producers.

In 2017, South Africa yielded a record high maize production of 12.7 tons, following a two-year drought period. This led to carry-over stock in 2018. So while white maize production declined by 22%, the price of maize remained low due to increased availability compared to previous years.

Subsequently, consumers switched back from bread to maize (pap/porridge) leading to a bread surplus.

By 2020/2021, a new production record of 15.8 million tons was set.

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The South African market

The population of South Africa in 2021 was approximately 60 000 000 where 74.9% of the population had a per capita income of less than ZAR5,200.00 PM ($320.22) . Maize is consumed largely by lower income, price sensitive consumers and is used as a staple food in the majority of the country’s households. Mieliepap or maize porridge is a staple breakfast and is often also consumed for lunch and dinner.

South Africans consumed approximately 5.2 million metric tons of processed maize in 2019/2020. White maize is mainly used to produce maize meal, which is primarily used to make porridge in South Africa.

Types of maize meal

The percentage of germ removed during extraction will influence the grading of the end product. Maize meal that has the least germ extracted is labelled “unsifted”, moving up the scale as extraction rates increase, to “sifted” , “special” and “super” maize meal. South Africans generally prefer the special and super grades, so most of the bigger millers have stopped producing “unsifted” and “sifted” maize meal.

There are also strong regional preferences for certain grades of maize meal, with “super” being the most popular. Braaipap is made from a courser grade maize meal and is a popular side dish with a South African braai.

Other uses for processed maize

Baked, extruded maize snacks: Maize is the cereal base most commonly used by South African snack manufacturers and our milling industry is geared for producing high quality maize grits.

Maize chips and snacks are manufactured using an extrusion-based process similar to that of puffed maize snacks. These products have since become increasingly popular and occupy an important section of the snack market.

Breakfast cereals - Puffed maize cereal is an extruded, ready-to-eat breakfast cereal that only requires the addition of milk for consumption. It is manufactured from maize meal, salt, sugar, syrups, flavouring, shortening, water and various coatings.

Beer production - Umqombothi (Xhosa pronunciation: [um̩k͡ǃomboːtʰi]), is a Xhosa traditional beer made from maize (corn), maize malt, sorghum malt, yeast and water. One of the most popular Lagers in the region include maize as an ingredient to give it a unique local flavour.

Beverages - Magau is a traditional sour maize beverage. Industrial preparation of magau involves the use of refined ingredients such as maize meal, wheat flour, sugar and starter cultures, and a standardised well-controlled process.

Comparative consumption of staples in South Africa

Per capita consumption

Packaged maize: 81kg
Packaged leavened bread: 21kg
Packaged rice: 11kg

White maize meal or pap is the most commonly consumed staple in the country. Low-income groups are highly dependent on white maize meal in South Africa. and is usually eaten with a tomato or meat-based stew. Maize meal is affordable, and due to government policy, is fortified with vitamins and minerals to boost the health of lower-income citizens.

Bread is the second most consumed staple in terms of volume, however, its much higher average price means its market value is 60% higher.

Price sensitive consumers tend to switch between maize and bread as their staple food, depending on which is cheaper. This in turn is determined by availability. During the droughts of 2015-2016, maize was imported, so consumers opted for bread because it was cheaper.

Maize meal is a critical food stuff for South African consumers, and as such maize producers and maize milling entrepreneurs play a valuable role to meet this demand.

Maize Meal – A Look at the Ultimate Staple in Sub-Saharan Africa.pdf
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1135488/maize-production-in-south-africa-by-province/
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1135397/export-volume-of-maize-and-maize-products-in-south-africa/
https://jobsintanzania.org/maize-meal-brands-in-south-africa/
https://southafrica.co.za/uses-maize.html
https://www.saldru.uct.ac.za/income-comparison-tool/
https://agriorbit.com/agro-processing-of-maize/
https://bmr.co.za/2021/07/14/personal-income-estimates-for-south-africa-2016-2021/
https://www.ab-inbev.com/content/dam/universaltemplate/ab-inbev/News/Press%20kit/ABI_FS16_Brand_Castle%20Lager.pdf

Gideon mufungenu

Hammer mill ——— Roff Milling replied: Hello Gideon, our designated consultant will be in contact to assist.

Maize farming: Caring for your crop during the first 40 days

In this article, the first in a two-part series, magda du toit speaks to experts about the different growth stages of a maize plant in the vegetative phase, as well as the crucial management practices to follow during this time to achieve optimal yield. advice on weed control is also included..

Maize farmers who properly understand the growth and development of their plants are better able to apply the correct production and management practices at the right time, and thereby achieve optimal yield.

While producers have no control over environmental stress conditions such as rain or drought, they can mitigate these risks. For example, they can choose a hybrid cultivar, improve their tillage methods, improve the condition of the soil, apply fertiliser, rotate crops, irrigate, and control pests and diseases.

There are two developmental phases in the life cycle of the maize plant: the vegetative phase (V phase) and the reproductive phase (R phase). The former provides the foundation for the latter.

Emergence Stress at certain critical growth stages of maize during and after emergence can reduce yield dramatically, says Kobus Lindeque, head of Syngenta’s seed business in Africa.

“To start with, a proper seedbed and a good, uniform plant population during the emergence stage is necessary for ensuring the planned yield. It’s important to follow the recommendations of the seed companies regarding the specific hybrid in correlation with the area where the maize is cultivated.”

Lindeque adds that poor or staggered emergence can be problematic. “The longer that seedlings take to emerge, the greater the chances are that soil-borne fungus pathogens can penetrate the plant, leading to damage and yield loss.”

Soil temperature higher than 15°C is required for uniform emergence and vigour. Cool soil inhibits root development and, consequently, moisture and nutrient absorption, slowing development.

During germination, the stem and growth point are 25mm to 40mm below the soil surface. Under warm, moist conditions, seedlings emerge after six to 10 days; under cool or dry conditions, this may take two weeks or more. The optimal temperature range for germination is between 20°C and 30°C, while the optimal moisture content of the soil is about 60% of soil capacity.

After emergence, the plant continues to develop through the various leaf stages, V1 to VT, each representing the number of leaves produced by the plant during that particular stage (see box for explanation).

According to Andries Wessels, seed product development manager at Syngenta, the period from emergence until the V5 stage is critical, and any form of stress placed on the plant throughout this time will have a negative impact on yield.

“From V3 to V5, the number of [kernel] rows per ear that the plant will produce has already been determined. This key yield-determining stage is called the switching point, and for the rest of the season the yield potential can only be maintained or lowered, depending on the growth environment. Yield cannot be increased beyond the switching point stage, and by V8, the number or kernels per row has been laid down.”

From V3 to V5, the growth point is still underground, where it is heavily influenced by soil temperatures. A low soil temperature can extend the time between leaf stages, and although damage caused by hail, wind and frost at this stage has little effect, it can delay the growth period by a few days. In addition, waterlogging while the growth point is still below ground, especially when associated with high temperatures, can result in significant stand loss.

The vegetative phase is followed by the first stage of the reproductive phase (R1), during which the silk is formed. This is also an important stage, as water and nutrient stress can lead to strained development of the maize ears.

Root development Leonard Oberholzer, market development lead for South Africa at Bayer Crop Science, suggests that a soil auger, a spade and a water-filled spray bottle be kept at hand to carry out quick plant root and soil inspections.

The auger will enable you to identify possible soil compaction, and check the moisture level and depth of the soil. The spade and spray bottle help with root examinations. Oberholzer adds that the roots play a fundamental role in the development of the plant, as they allow for the uptake of water and nutrients.

“Weather, soil properties, fertiliser and pestscan influence the growth and distribution of the root system in the soil. Root development is also a good indication of what is happening in the soil. Physical and chemical characteristics of soil can influence root development, and if you notice something during this stage of the plant’s development, it will determine further actions.”

Maize plants grow rapidly during the first 30 to 40 days after planting, and you should provide adequate nutrients. This is the time to look for signs of nutrient deficiency. The plants should be deep green in colour; purple-tinged leaves could mean the plants are suffering from a lack of phosphorus, whereas light-green leaves indicate a lack of nitrogen.

Leaf samples can confirm deficiencies and help to determine corrective actions and how much of a certain fertiliser you should apply.

When the plants are between four and six weeks old, you can apply a top dressing with ammonium nitrate/urea. Maize grown in sandy soil may require a split top dressing, with the first half applied at four weeks and the second at seven weeks after emergence.

Weed control Weeds can significantly reduce maize yield. In previous research, weeds caused yield losses of up to 12,8%, despite weed-control applications; when the weeds were not controlled at all, losses rose to 29,2%.

Wessels says it is important to start the production season with a field free of weeds and competition so that the seedlings can develop unhindered.

“Weed control is an important management practice for maize production that should be carried out to ensure optimal grain yield and support the switching point yield level. Weed control, especially in the first 10 weeks after crop emergence, is essential, as it will reduce the competition from weeds for available light, water and nutrients.”

Make use of an integrated weed management programme, combining cultural, mechanical and chemical methods. Techniques such as higher planting densities and crop rotation can be included in the programme. If mechanical methods are used, be careful not to approach the plants too closely after the V2 stage, as the root system can easily be damaged.

A wide selection of herbicides is available for maize. Choose a weed control programme to manage those weeds that are the most difficult to control.

Acetanilide can be used before and at planting, while atrazine can be used pre-emergence and later in the season. Combining acetanilide at planting with atrazine later on will ensure good control of both grasses and broadleaf weeds.

Oberholzer offers the following word of caution, however: “When rainfall is particularly late, and you decide to replant a land with sunflower, ensure that atrazine has not been applied to the land earlier.”

With glyphosate-tolerant maize, you can apply approved glyphosate and registered products to the land without harming the crop; only the target weeds will be killed. Leaf stages once again come into play with herbicide applications. If you spray certain herbicides during emergence under cold and wet conditions, the plants may be damaged. Seek expert advice if you are unsure.

Refrain from spraying glyphosate on top of the maize plants from the V8 stage onwards or after the development of the sixth true maize leaf, which generally is about four to five weeks after emergence.

Doing so can damage the growth point and the pollen, compromising pollination and, consequently, yield. Glyphosate can be sprayed using a boom with drop-arms to direct the spray to the lower parts of the plant and the inter-row soil surface.

Managing herbicide resistance With herbicide-tolerant crops, farmers are often tempted to overuse the single herbicide that the crop is resistant to. Resist this temptation! Make the effort to use products with different modes of actions. According to CropLife South Africa, the frequent use of a similar mode-of-action herbicide is probably the biggest factor in the development of herbicide resistance in weeds.

“Managing resistance is generally much more effective than dealing with a resistant weed when it becomes difficult to control. The best way to proceed is to ensure that a variety of herbicides with different modes of action are used. This can be done in tank mixes where the herbicides are compatible, or in sequential applications where they’re not,” advises Oberholzer.

The following simple programmes can be used. Note, however, that they are dependent on the weeds present, the number of weeds, and the planting density of the maize:

Glyphosate at or after planting, followed by glyphosate before the sixth-leaf (V8) stage.
Acetochlor with a safener at planting, followed by two applications of glyphosate before the sixth-leaf (V8) stage. The second glyphosate application could be made after the sixth-leaf (V8) stage if it is directed away from the funnel.
Glyphosate at or after planting, followed by glyphosate and acetochlor around the sixth-leaf (V8) stage. When applying herbicide, follow the instructions carefully and take the necessary safety precautions.

Email Kobus Lindeque at [email protected] , Leonard Oberholzer at [email protected] , or Andries Wessels at [email protected] .

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Maize Farming

Maize or corn farming in south africa.

Find out about what makes South Africa a world top-ten maize producer, the outlook and the best protection for your maize crop.

Maize Farming Business Plan [Sample Template]

By: Author Tony Martins Ajaero

Home » Business ideas » Agriculture Industry » Crop Cultivation » Maize Farming

Are you about starting a maize farm? If YES, here’s a complete sample maize farming business plan template & feasibility report you can use for FREE.

Corn is very nutritious and it is known to be eaten in various forms by both humans and livestock. As a matter of fact, corn is used as the main energy ingredient in livestock feed. Corn is also processed into a multitude of food and industrial products including starch, sweeteners, corn oil, beverages, industrial alcohol and fuel ethanol et al.

Maize (corn) farming is known to be a profitable business and over the years, it has evolved from small scale to a global industry in most countries where it is carried out.

A Sample Maize Farming Business Plan Template

1. industry overview.

Businesses in the maize (corn) farming industry primarily grow corn (except sweet corn) and produce corn seeds. Corn commonly refers to the grains or kernels of the tall annual cereal grass Zea mays, and it is a staple cereal in many parts of the world.

In the united states, it is most commonly used as livestock feed and in the production of ethanol, sweeteners, oil and other related products.

If you are a close watcher of the Maize Farming industry, you will realize that the industry is experiencing decline and falling from historic heights. In the united states, new federal regulations created a significant new market for maize, leading maize production to skyrocket in the early part of the last five years.

This increase in production eventually led to an oversupply of the crop, especially as downstream biofuel production has slowed since 2013 due to market saturation. However, global demand for maize has renewed. The industry is expected to bounce back from the lows of the previous five-year period.

Planted acreage will decrease, leading to a slight decrease in production volumes, which will in turn reduce oversupply and create healthy demand for the crop.

The Maize (Corn) Farming Industry is indeed a very large industry and pretty much thriving in all parts of the world especially in developed countries such as United States of America, Canada, United Kingdom, Germany, Brazil, Australia and Italy et al.

Statistics has it that in the United States of America alone, there are about 141,669 licensed and registered maize farms responsible for employing about 155,526 employees and the industry rakes in a whooping sum of $51 billion annually with an annual growth rate projected at -0.8 percent.

A recent report published by IBISWorld shows that typical of the agricultural sector, the Maize (Corn) Farming industry in the United States is overwhelmingly composed of a large number of relatively small operators, many of which are family owned farms.

In fact, 50.1 percent of farms plant corn acreage totaling less than 100 acres. Conversely, only 14.4 percent of corn is produced on farms covering 500 acres or more.

The report also shows that there is a long-term trend toward fewer farms across the agricultural sector, which also applies to corn farmers. Industry concentration is growing largely due to rising costs and intensifying competition; as conditions toughen; smaller farms are forced to sell their land.

As a result, fewer, yet larger farms emerge across the industry. As a matter of fact, with the recent advancement in technology, farmers can now comfortably grow crops such as maize in a country where such crops can hardly survive.

One thing is certain when it comes to commercial maize farming, if you are able to conduct your market research and feasibility studies before choosing a location to cultivate your maize, you are more likely not going to struggle to sell your maize because there are always food processing companies and consumers out there who are ready to buy from you.

Lastly, with commercial maize farming, it will pay you to not only cultivate maize and sell them for consumption in farm markets to retailers and consumers.

You can as well start a complimentary business like building a maize processing plant to process and package your maize (corn). The bottom line is that if you have enough farm land (space) and you are interested in maximizing commercial maize farming, you are sure going to make huge profits from the business.

2. Executive Summary

Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. is a registered commercial farm that will be based in the outskirts of Trenton, New Jersey – United States. We have done our detailed market research and feasibility studies and we were able to secure a well – situated and suitable farm land to start our commercial maize farming.

Our commercial maize farm is a standard farm hence will be involved in commercial maize cultivation, maize processing and packaging. We will be involved in both organic commercial maize farming and non – organic commercial maize farming.

We have put plans in place that will help us launch a standard and world – class maize processing plant within the first three years of officially running Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. We will process and package maize and ensure that they flood the market both in the United States and in other countries of the world.

We want to compete with the best in the industry, which is why asides from the fact that we have secured the required farm land and most of the farming equipment and machines, we have also hired some key employees who are currently undergoing training so as to fit into the ideal picture of the 21 st century commercial maize farm workforce that we want to build.

We are in the commercial maize farming business because we want to leverage on the vast opportunities available in the commercial farming industry to contribute our quota in growing the U.S. economy, in national food production, raw materials production for industries, to export agriculture produce from the United States to other countries and over and above to make profit.

Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. is well positioned to become one of the leading commercial maize farms in the United States of America, which is why we have been able to source for the best hands and farm machinery to run the farm with.

We have put processes and strategies in place that will help us employ best practices when it comes to commercial maize farming as required by the regulating bodies in the United States of America.

Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. is a family business that is owned by Mr. Kent Bloomberg and his immediate family members. The farm cum business will be fully and single handedly financed by Kent Bloomberg and his immediate family members.

Before starting Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc., Kent Bloomberg has worked with some of the leading commercial farms and food processing plants in the United States of America; he has a degree (B.Sc.) in Agricultural Science from the University of New Jersey.

3. Our Products and Services

Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. is a world class commercial farm that is committed to cultivating both organic and non – organic maize (corn) for both the United States’ market and the global market. We are in business to produce both food and raw materials for people and industries in commercial quantities. We will also ensure that we operate a standard maize processing and packaging plant as part of our complimentary business.

We are in this line of business to make profits, and we will ensure that we do all that is allowed by the law of the United States of America to achieve our business goals and objectives. These are the areas we will concentrate on in our commercial maize farms. If need arises we will definitely cultivate related crops;

Cultivation of variety of maize (organic and non – organic)
Standard Food Processing Plant

4. Our Mission and Vision Statement

Our vision is to become one of the leading commercial maize farms and maize processing and packing brand not just in the United States of America but also on the global stage.
Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. is a world class commercial maize farm that is in business to cultivate organic, non – organic and processed maize for both the United States market and the international market.
We want our well – packaged maize to flood every nooks and crannies of the United States and other countries of the world.

Our Business Structure

Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. is a commercial maize farm that intends starting small in Trenton – New Jersey, but hopes to grow big in order to compete favorably with leading commercial maize farms in the commercial farming industry both in the United States and on the global stage.

We are aware of the importance of building a solid business structure that can support the picture of the kind of world class business we want to own. For this reason, we are committed to only hire the best hands in and around New Jersey.

At Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc., we will ensure that we hire people that are qualified, hardworking, dedicated, customer centric and ready to work to help us build a prosperous business that will benefit all the stake holders (the owners, workforce, and customers).

In view of the above, Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. have decided to hire qualified and competent hands to occupy the following positions;

Chief Operating Officer

General Farm Manager

Administrator/Accountant

Maize Cultivation Manager/Supervisor

Maize Processing and Packaging Plant Manager
Sales and Marketing Executive
Field Employees
Front Desk Officer

5. Job Roles and Responsibilities

Chief Operating Officer:

Increases management’s effectiveness by recruiting, selecting, orienting, training, coaching, counseling, and disciplining managers; communicating values, strategies, and objectives; assigning accountabilities; planning, monitoring, and appraising job results; developing incentives; developing a climate for offering information and opinions; providing educational opportunities
Creating, communicating, and implementing the organization’s vision, mission, and overall direction – i.e. leading the development and implementation of the overall organization’s strategy
Responsible for fixing prices and signing business deals
Responsible for providing direction for the business
Responsible for signing checks and documents on behalf of the company
Evaluates the success of the organization
Responsible for the planning, management and coordinating all farm activities across the various sections on behalf of the organization
Supervise other section managers (corn cultivation manager and corn processing and packaging manager)
Ensure compliance during project executions
Providing advice on the management of farming activities across all sections
Responsible for carrying out risk assessment
Using IT systems and software to keep track of people and progress of the growth of crops (maize)
Responsible for overseeing the accounting, costing and sale of farm produce after harvest
Represent the organization’s interest at various stakeholders’ meetings
Ensures that farming goals are achieved, the most efficient resources (manpower, equipment, tools and chemicals et al) are utilized and different interests involved are satisfied. Responsible for preparing financial reports, budgets, and financial statements for the organization
Responsible for overseeing the smooth running of HR and administrative tasks for the organization
Handles all financial transactions for the company
Defining job positions for recruitment and managing interviewing process
Carrying out staff induction for new team members
Responsible for training, evaluation and assessment of employees
Oversees the smooth running of the daily farming activities across the various farming sections
Responsible for preparing financial reports, budgets, and financial statements for the organization
Responsible for financial forecasting and risks analysis
Responsible for developing and managing financial systems and policies
Responsible for administering payrolls
Ensuring compliance with taxation legislation
Handles all financial transactions for the farm
Serves as internal auditor for the farm
Responsible for managing the maize cultivation section of the commercial maize farm
Supervises other workers within the department
Works closely with the General Manager to achieve the organizations’ goals and objectives

Maize Processing and Packaging Manager/Supervisor

Responsible for managing the maize processing and packaging section of the commercial farm

Sales and Marketing Officer

Identify, prioritize, and reach out to new partners, and business opportunities et al
Identifies development opportunities; follows up on development leads and contacts; participates in the structuring and financing of projects; assures the completion of relevant projects
Writing winning proposal documents, negotiate fees and rates in line with company policy
Responsible for handling business research, marker surveys and feasibility studies for clients
Responsible for supervising implementation, advocate for customer’s needs, and communicate with clients
Develop, execute and evaluate new plans for expanding increase sales
Document all customer contact and information
Represent the company in strategic meetings
Help increase sales and growth for the farm

Field Workers/Contract Staff

Responsible for preparing farm lands for maize cultivation
Responsible for watering the maize crop
Weeding or fertilizer and/or pest control application
Handle farm implements and machines as instructed by the section manager/supervisor
Assist in handling the harvest of maize (corns)
Carry out tasks in line with the stated job description
Assist in transporting working tools and equipment from the farm and back to the designated store room
Handles any other duties as assigned by the line manager

Client Service Executive/Front Desk Officer

Welcomes guests and clients to the farm by greeting them in person or on the telephone; answering or directing inquiries
Ensures that all contacts with clients (e-mail, walk-In center, SMS or phone) provides the client with a personalized customer service experience of the highest level
Through interaction with clients on the phone, uses every opportunity to build client’s interest in the company’s products and services
Manages administrative duties assigned by the manager in an effective and timely manner
Consistently stays abreast of any new information on the company’s products, promotional campaigns etc. to ensure accurate and helpful information is supplied to clients
Receives parcels/documents for Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc.
Distribute mails in Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc.

6. SWOT Analysis

Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. does not intend to launch out with trial and error hence the need to conduct a proper SWOT analysis.

We know that if we get it right from the onset, we would have succeeded in creating the foundation that will help us build a standard maize farm that will favorably compete with leading commercial maize farms in the United States of America and in other parts of the world.

We are quite aware that there are several large, medium and small scale maize farms all over Trenton – New Jersey and even in the same place where we intend locating ours, which is why we are following the due process of establishing a business.

We know that if a proper SWOT analysis is conducted for our business, we will be able to position our business to maximize our strength, leverage on the opportunities that will be available to us, mitigate our risks and be equipped to confront our threats.

Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. employed the services of an expert HR and Business Analyst with bias in the commercial farming industry to help us conduct a thorough SWOT analysis and to help us create a Business model that will help us achieve our business goals and objectives.

Here is a summary from the result of the SWOT analysis that was conducted on behalf of Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc.;

Our strength as a commercial maize farm is in the fact that we have healthy relationships with loads of major players (agriculture merchants who deal in corn) in the commercial farms industry; both suppliers and buyers within and outside of the United States.

We have some of the latest commercial farming machines, tools and corn processing equipment that will help us cultivate corn in commercial quantities with less stress. Aside from our relationship (network) and equipment, we can confidently boast that we have some the most experienced hands in Trenton – New Jersey on our payroll.

Our weakness could be that we are a new commercial maize farm in the United States, and perhaps the fact that we decided to diversify our farming activities could count against us initially. We are aware of this and from our projection; we will overcome this weakness with time and turn it to a major advantage for the business.

Opportunities:

The opportunities that are available to us cannot be quantified; we know that there are loads of individuals who consume both organic and non – organic corn in different forms both in the United States of America and other parts of the world.

We will ensure that we maximize the opportunities available to commercial maize farmers. Due to their rising popularity, GM seeds account for a significant amount of revenue and the demand for maize is anticipated to keep growing as renewable energy targets rise each year.

Some of the threats and challenges that we are likely going to face when we start our own commercial maize farm are global economic downturn that can impact negatively on household spending, bad weather cum natural disasters (draughts, epidemics), unfavorable government policies and the arrival of a competitor (a commercial farm that cultivates same crop – maize) within same location.

There is hardly anything you can do as regards these threats and challenges other than to be optimistic that things will continue to work for your good.

7. MARKET ANALYSIS

Market Trends

One of the common trends in the commercial maize farming line of business is that most players in the industry are no longer concentrating only on non – organic maize farming. They now find it easier to run both organic maize cultivation and non – organic maize cultivation.

It is fact that despite that organic food are expensive, the sale for organic food is on the increase and it is indeed profitable.

Despite the fact that commercial maize farming has been in existence since time immemorial, this does not in any way make the industry to be over saturated; commercial maize farmers are exploring new technology to continue to improve the cultivation, preservation and processing process. The fact that there is always a ready market for maize makes the business highly profitable.

Lastly, it is a common trend to find standard commercial maize farmers run a corn processing plant business alongside their farm. It is a means of maximizing profit in the business. Besides, maize is consumed by both human and livestock hence it is ideal to process, package and ship it to other countries of the world.

8. Our Target Market

It is a known fact that the target markets of those who are the end consumers of maize in any form and who benefit from the business value chain of commercial maize farming is all encompassing.

Almost every household consumes maize in different forms. In essence a commercial maize farmer should be able to sell his or her farm produce to as many people as possible including hotels, grocery stores, restaurants, livestock farmers and production companies that make use of corn as raw materials.

We will ensure that we position our business to attract consumers of maize not just in the United States of America alone but also other parts of the world which is why we will be exporting some of our farm produce either in raw or processed form to other countries of the world.

Our competitive advantage

The truth is that, it is easier to find entrepreneurs flocking towards an industry that is known to generate consistent income which is why there are more commercial farmers in the United States of America and of course in most parts of the world.

As a matter of fact, entrepreneurs are encouraged by the government to embrace commercial farming. This is so because part of the success of any nation is her ability to cultivate her own food and also export foods to other nations of the world.

Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. is fully aware that there are competitions when it comes to selling commercial farm produce including corn all over the globe, which is why we decided to carry out thorough research so as to know how to take advantage of the available market in the United States and in other parts of the world.

We have done our homework and we have been able to highlight some factors that will give us competitive advantage in the marketplace; some of the factors are effective and reliable maize farming processes that can help us sell our produce at competitive prices, good network and excellent relationship management.

Another competitive advantage that we are bringing to the industry is the fact that we have designed our business in such a way that we will operate an all – round standard commercial maize farm that will also include a corn processing plant. With this, we will be able to take advantage of all the available opportunities within the industry.

Lastly, our employees will be well taken care of, and their welfare package will be among the best within our category (start – ups commercial maize farms) in the industry meaning that they will be more than willing to build the business with us, help deliver our set goals and achieve all our aims and objectives.

9. SALES AND MARKETING STRATEGY

Sources of Income

Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. is in the commercial farming business for the purpose of maximizing profits hence we have decided to explore all the available opportunities within the industry to achieve our corporate goals and objectives.

In essence we are not going to rely only on the sale of our farm produce to generate income for the business. Below are the sources we intend exploring to generate income for Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc.;

Cultivation of various species of maize (both organic and non – organic)

10. Sales Forecast

We conducted a thorough market survey and feasibility studies and we were able to discover that the sales generated by a commercial farm depends on the size of the farm and the nature of the commercial farm.

We have perfected our sales and marketing strategies and we are quite optimistic that we will meet or even surpass our set sales target of generating enough income/profits from the first year of operation and build the business from survival to sustainability.

We have been able to critically examine the agriculture industry cum commercial maize (corn) farm line of business, we have analyzed our chances in the industry and we have been able to come up with the following sales forecast.

First Fiscal Year-: $200,000
Second Fiscal Year-: $400,000
Third Fiscal Year-: $750,000

N.B : This projection is done based on what is obtainable in the industry and with the assumption that there won’t be any major economic meltdown that can impact negatively on household spending, bad weather cum natural disasters (draughts, epidemics), and unfavorable government policies. Please note that the above projection might be lower and at the same time it might be higher.

Marketing Strategy and Sales Strategy

We are quite aware that the reason why some commercial maize farms hardly make good profit is their inability to sell off their maize as at when due. Corn ripens within a short time after harvest and if they are not sold or processed, they will get so hard that it won’t be good for direct consumption. In view of that, we decided to set up a standard corn processing plant to help us

Introduce our business by sending introductory letters alongside our brochure to stakeholders in the agriculture industry, grocery stores, maize merchants, hotels, production companies that rely on supply of maize as raw materials and maize processing plants et al.
Advertise our business in agriculture and food related magazines and websites
List our commercial maize farm on yellow pages ads
Attend related agriculture and food expos, seminars, and business fairs et al
Leverage on the internet to promote our business
Engage in direct marketing
Encourage the use of Word of mouth marketing (referrals)

11. Publicity and Advertising Strategy

Any business that wants to grow beyond the corner of the street or the city they are operating from must be ready and willing to utilize every available means (both conventional and non – conventional means) to advertise and promote the business.

We intend growing our business which is why we have perfected plans to build our brand via every available means. Below are the platforms we will leverage on to boost our commercial maize farm brand and to promote and advertise our business;

Place adverts on both print (newspapers and magazines) and electronic media platforms
Sponsor relevant community based events/programs
Leverage on the internet and social media platforms like; Instagram, Facebook, twitter, YouTube, Google + et al to promote our business
Install our billboards in strategic locations all around Trenton – New Jersey
Engage in roadshows from time to time in targeted neighborhoods
Distribute our fliers and handbills in target areas
Contact hotels, restaurants, grocery stores, production companies that rely on the supply of corn, agriculture produce merchants and residents in our target areas by calling them up and informing them of Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. and the farm produce we sell
List our commercial maize farms in local directories/yellow pages
Advertise our commercial maize farms in our official website and employ strategies that will help us pull traffic to the site.
Ensure that all our staff members wear our branded shirts and all our vehicles and trucks are well branded with our company logo et al.

12. Our Pricing Strategy

If you want to get the right pricing for your farm produce, then you should ensure that you choose a good location for your commercial farm, choose a good breed/seed that will guarantee bountiful harvest, cut the cost of running your farm to the barest minimum and of course try as much as possible to attract buyers to your farm as against taking your farm produce to the market to source for buyers; with this, you would have successfully eliminated the cost of transporting your harvest to the market and other logistics.

We are quite aware that one of the easiest means of penetrating the market and acquiring loads of customers for all our corn is to sell them at competitive prices hence we will do all we can to ensure that the prices of our corn are going to be what other commercial corn farmers would look towards beating.

One thing is certain, the nature of commercial farming makes it possible for farmers to place prices for their farm produce based on their discretion without following the benchmark in the industry. The truth is that it is one of the means of avoiding running into a loss. The earlier you sell off your harvested maize, the better for your business.

Payment Options

The payment policy adopted by Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. is all inclusive because we are quite aware that different customers prefer different payment options as it suits them but at the same time, we will ensure that we abide by the financial rules and regulation of the United States of America.

Here are the payment options that Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. will make available to her clients;

Payment via bank transfer
Payment with cash
Payment via online bank transfer
Payment via check
Payment via Point of Sale Machines (POS Machines)
Payment via mobile money transfer
Payment via bank draft

In view of the above, we have chosen banking platforms that will enable our clients make payment for farm produce purchase without any stress on their part. Our bank account numbers will be made available on our website and promotional materials.

13. Startup Expenditure (Budget)

When it comes to calculating the cost of starting a commercial maize farm with a corn processing plant, there are some key factors that should serve as a guide. Factors such as the capacity of maize processing plant you want to own and the size of the commercial maize farm.

Besides, in setting up any business, the amount or cost will depend on the approach and scale you want to undertake. If you intend to start a world – class commercial farm, then you would need a good amount of capital as you would need to ensure that your employees are well taken care of, and that your farm is conducive enough for workers to be creative and productive.

This means that the start-up can either be low or high depending on your goals, visions and aspirations for your business. The tools and equipment that will be used are nearly the same cost everywhere, and any difference in prices would be minimal and can be overlooked.

As for the detailed cost analysis for starting a commercial maize farm; it might differ in other countries due to the value of their money. Below are some of the basic areas we will spend our start – up capital in setting up our commercial maize farm;

The total fee for incorporating the business in United States of America – $750
The total cost for payment of insurance policy covers (general liability, workers’ compensation and property casualty) at a total premium – $9,400
The amount needed to acquire/lease a farm land – $50,000
The amount required for preparing the farm land – $70,000
The cost for acquiring the required working tools and equipment/machines/fencing et al – $10,000
The amount required for purchase of the first set of maize seedlings et al – $50,000
The amount required to set up a standard maize processing plant within the farm facility – $100,000
Operational cost for the first 3 months (salaries of employees, payments of bills et al) – $40,000
The cost of launching an official website – $600
The amount required for payment of workers for a period of 3 months – $100,000
Additional Expenditure (Business cards, Signage, Adverts and Promotions et al) – $2,000

Going by the report from detailed research and feasibility studies conducted, we will need an average of $500,000 to start a standard commercial maize farm with corn processing plant business in the United States of America. These are some of the equipment that we would need to fully launch our commercial maize farm,

Soil cultivator
Harrow (e.g. Spike harrow, Drag harrow, Disk harrow)
Stone / Rock / Debris removal implement (e.g. Destoner, Rock windrower / rock rake, Stone picker / picker)
Broadcast seeder (alternatively: broadcast spreader, fertilizer spreader or Air seeder)
Plastic mulch layer
Transplanter
Sprinkler system irrigation
Wheel Barrow

Basically, the nature of commercial maize farms does not require an office space; most people that run commercial farms operate directly from their farms. But we have decided to open a small liaison office; a place where administrative jobs will be carried out on behalf of the business.

Generating Funds/Startup Capital for Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc.

No matter how fantastic your business idea might be, if you don’t have the required money to finance the business, the business might not become a reality. Finance is a very important factor when it comes to starting a business such as commercial maize farming business.

Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. is a family business that will be owned and managed by Kent Bloomberg and his immediate family members. They are the sole financiers of the firm, but may likely welcome other partners later which is why they decided to restrict the sourcing of start – up capital for the business to just three major sources.

These are the areas where we intend sourcing for fund for Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc.;

Generate part of the start – up capital from personal savings and sale of his stocks
Generate part of the start – up capital from friends and other extended family members
Generate a larger chunk of the startup capital from the bank (loan facility)

N.B: We have been able to generate about $100,000 ( Personal savings $80,000 and soft loan from family members $20,000 ) and we are at the final stages of obtaining a loan facility of $400,000 from our bank. All the papers and documents have been duly signed and submitted, the loan has been approved and any moment from now our account will be credited.

14. Sustainability and Expansion Strategy

The future of a business lies in the number of loyal customers that they have, the capacity and competence of the employees, their investment strategy and the business structure. If all of these factors are missing from a business (company), then it won’t be too long before the business closes shop.

One of our major goals of starting Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. is to build a business that will survive off its own cash flow without injecting finance from external sources once the business is officially running.

We know that one of the ways of gaining approval and winning customers over is to sell our farm produce (organic and non – organic corn and even processed and packaged corns) a little bit cheaper than what is obtainable in the market and we are well prepared to survive on lower profit margin for a while.

Kent Bloomberg® Maize Farms, Inc. will make sure that the right foundation, structures and processes are put in place to ensure that our staff welfare are well taken of. Our organization’s corporate culture is designed to drive our business to greater heights and training and re – training of our workforce is at the top burner of our business strategy.

As a matter of fact, profit-sharing arrangement will be made available to all our management staff and it will be based on their performance for a period of five years or more as determined by the management of the organization. We know that if that is put in place, we will be able to successfully hire and retain the best hands we can get in the industry and they will be more committed to help us build the business of our dreams.

Check List/Milestone

Business Name Availability Check: Completed
Business Incorporation: Completed
Opening of Corporate Bank Accounts in various banks in the United States: Completed
Opening Online Payment Platforms: Completed
Application and Obtaining Tax Payer’s ID: In Progress
Application for business license and permit: Completed
Purchase of All forms of Insurance for the Business: Completed
Leasing of farm land in Trenton – New Jersey and preparing the farm land: Completed
Conducting Feasibility Studies: Completed
Start – up Capital Generation: Completed
Writing of Business Plan: Completed
Drafting of Employee’s Handbook: Completed
Design of The Company’s Logo: Completed
Graphic Designs and Printing of Packaging, Marketing/Promotional Materials: Completed
Recruitment of employees: In Progress
Building/construction of cages and fence et al: In Progress
Purchase of the needed working tools, machines and equipment: Completed
Creating Official Website for the Company: In Progress
Creating Awareness for the business (Business PR): In Progress
Farm land Treatment, Health and Safety Arrangement: In Progress
Establishing business relationship with vendors and key players in the industry (agriculture farm produce merchants, fertilizer suppliers and transporters et al): Completed

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Maize Farming: Profitable Corn Farming Business

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Maize farming is very popular among the farmers in many parts of the world. Maize has become a staple food in many parts of the world with total production of maize surpassing that of wheat or rice.

And maize is called queen of cereals, because it has highest genetic yield potential among the cereals.

Maize ( Zea mays ), also known as corn, is actually a cereal grain which is used for many different purposes.

It was first domesticated by the indigenous people in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago, and today it is very popular throughout the world.

The leafy stalk of the plant produces pollen inflorescences and seperate ovuliferous inflorescences called ears that yield kernels or seeds, which are fruits.

The plants are often 3 meters in height (but some natural strains can grow up to 13 meters).

The stem is generally composed of 20 internodes of around 18 cm length. A leaf which grows from each node, is generally 9 cm in width and about 1.2 m in length.

Maize is in 3rd position in term of total staple food production. But a very little amount of total maize production is consumed directly by humans.

Most of the maize is used for corn ethanol, animal feed and for producing other maize products, such as corn syrup and corn starch.

Table of Contents

Maize is the domesticated variant of teosinte. Several theories had been proposed about the specific origin of maize in Mesoamerica.

Probably, it was first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago.

Other Names

Maize is known by many other names in many different parts of the world. It’s other names include corn, Indian corn, sweet corn, mealie etc.

Maize is also known by some other local names in many different languages. It is known as Mielie in Afrikaans, Makki or Makai in Hindi, Bhutta in Bengali, Makoi in Assamese, Makai in Gujarati, Musukina Jola in Kannada, Cholam in Malayalam, Maka in Marathi, Makaa in Oriya, Iringu in Sinhala, Jola in Tulu and Mokka Jonna in Telugu.

maize farming, maize cultivation, guide for maize farming, how to start maize farming, tips for maize farming, growing maize, commercial maize farming, growing maize commercially, corn, corn farming, corn farming guide, tips for corn farming, how to start corn farming, commercial corn farming

Uses of Maize

Maize is used for many different purposes. It is mainly used as fodder for animals, food grain, pop corn, baby corn, sweet corn and green cobs. Corn flour is also widely used.

Maize also serves as a basic raw material to thousands of industrial products that may include oil, starch, alcoholic beverages, food sweeteners, pharmaceutical, gum, textile, package, food cereals, cosmetic and paper industries.

How to Start Maize Farming

Starting maize farming business is not too tough. The plants are relatively easy to grow and you will able to grow if you are a beginner. Through maize farming, you can easily shield the deteriorating grade of soil.

Maize farming can help preserving 90% of water and about 70 of potency as compared with paddy. And maize farming can actually make more profit than paddy or wheat farming.

However, here we are describing more information about maize farming from selecting land, planting, caring to harvesting.

Select a Location

First of all, select a good location for maize farming. Maize plants grow well in fertile soil with pH ranging from 5.5 to 7.5.

They can be grown on wide range of soil types including loamy, sandy loamy or clay loam soil (heavy clay soil is not good for maize farming).

But the soil needs to be rich in organic content and have to have good water containing capacity.

The plants also require full sun for better yield. So, consider all these factors while selecting land for starting maize farming.

Prepare the Soil

For preparing the soil, first of all remove all the weeds and remains of previously grown crop from the field.

Then plough the land to bring the soil to fine tilth. 6-7 ploughing and harrowing will be required for making the soil fully prepared for maize farming.

As the maize plants grow very well in organic content rich soil, so try to add as much organic contents (fully-rotted aged manure or compost) as you can. 4-6 tons of fully decomposed aged manure will be enough for 1 acre land.

For commercial maize farming, you also have to apply some chemical fertilizers into the soil. Applying 20-24 kg phosphorus, 60-70 kg nitrogen and 10-12 kg potash per acre will be required for optimal production.

Soil test is necessary to know deficiency of any nutrient in the soil, and exact amount of chemical fertilizers can vary from place to place. So test the soil before applying chemical fertilizers.

Climate Requirements for Maize Farming

The maize plants are grown throughout the world, and the plants can grow in a wide variety of climatic conditions.

It is actually a warm weather crop and doesn’t grow well in the areas where the minimum daily temperature is less than 19 °C.

The seeds can germinate as low as 10 °C, but the germination process will be faster and less variable at soil temperature of 16 °C to 18 °C. And maximum temperature for maize farming is 30 °C to 35 °C.

Best Time for Maize Farming

Maize is a warm season crop, and is cold-intolerant. The seeds must be shown in the spring in the temperate zones.

Actually, it can be grown throughout the year, but grow best between 21 °C and 27 °C temperature.

Select a Type

There are some different types of maize to choose from. The 6 major types of maize are sweet corn , flour corn, popcorn, pod corn, flint corn and dent corn. You should choose such a type which is widely grown and available in your area.

Purchase Seeds

After selecting your desired type of maize, purchase seeds from any of your nearest market or seed supply stores.

Maize is very common and popular throughout the world, so you will easily be able to purchase seeds from your local market.

Seeds per Acre

Total amount of seeds per acre depends on many different factors. Exact amount of seeds required per acre can vary depending on production purpose, seed size, season, plant type and sowing method.

On average you will need about 8-10 kg/acre for spring crop, about 8 kg/acre for sweet corn, about 7 kg/acre for pop corn, about 16 kg/acre for baby corn and about 20 kg/acre for fodder production.

The maize seeds are planted in rows. But space between rows and between plants can vary depending on the maize type.

Spacing the rows to about 2 feet apart and the plants to about 8 inches apart will be good for winter crop and both sweet and baby corn production.

Spacing 20×6 inches will be good for pop corn production and 12×4 inches will be good for fodder production.

You can sow the seeds manually by dibbling or by mechanically with help of tractor drawn ridger seed drill. And sow the seed to about 1 inch deep.

Before sowing, treat the seeds with fungicides for preventing seed and soil borne diseases.

Treating the seeds with Thiram or Carbendazim at the rate of 2 grams per kg seed will be good.

Taking additional care is must for successful maize farming business and for maximum yield.

The plants will grow better and produce more if you take additional care of the plants. Here we are describing more about the steps for caring the maize plants.

Fertilizing

Additional fertilizers may be required for maize farming. Test the soil and take advice from an experienced agriculture specialist before applying additional fertilizers.

The maize plants generally require less water as compared to other crops. Although timely and adequate watering will help the plants to grow well. Apply a light watering immediately after sowing the seeds. Then water lightly after a week for a month (during the early stage of this crop). And additional watering should be applied after every 25-30 days. Avoid water stagnation and the land must have to have good drainage system for successful maize farming business.

Controlling Weeds

Controlling weeds is very important for successful maize farming business. Initially you should remove all the weeds from the field while ploughing and harrowing. And then at least 2 additional hand weeding is required. The first weeding should be done on 20-25 days and another is on 40-45 days after sowing. Mulching can help to control most of the weeds from the field.

Pests and Diseases

Like many other commercial crops, the maize is also susceptible to some pests and diseases.

Corn worm, stalk borer or stem borer, shoot bug, pink borer, termites and shoot fly are some common pests for the maize plants.

Downy mildew, leaf spot, post flowering stalk rot and maydis leaf blight are some common diseases for the maize plants.

Contact your nearest agriculture extension office or consult with an specialist for having recommendation for controlling all these pests and diseases.

You can start harvesting when cobs outer cover turns from green to white.

Actually when the stalks have dried and moisture of the grain as about 20-17%, is the optimum time for harvesting maize.

You can harvest the maize manually by hand, and there are machines available for separating the seeds.

Yield can vary depending on many different factors. But on average, you can expect about or up to 2500 kg per hectare.

Maize Nutrition

All the types of maize are nutritious and good for human health. Raw, yellow sweet maize karnels are composed of 1% fat, 3% protein, 19% carbohydrates and 76% water, And a serving of 100 gram maize karnels provide about 86 calories and are a very good source of vitamin B, thiamin, niacin, folate and pantothenic acid. They also provide moderate amounts of dietary fiber and some essential minerals such as phosphorus and magnesium.

Health Benefits of Consuming Maize/Corn

Consuming maize or corn has some health benefits. Most notable health benefits of consuming maize are mentioned below.

Due to the fiber content, consuming maize is good for digestion.
Maize can help in lowering LDL cholesterol.
Regular consumption of corn can helps in preventing skin problems and can also help to combat with hair loss.
Consuming corn is beneficial for heart, and it may helps in preventing Alzheimer’s disease.
Eating maize is good for preventing diabetes and hypertension.
It can help in improving vision and it also has anti-cancer properties.

However, consuming maize is beneficial for health. And maize farming is very easy both in small scale and large scale. You can start, even if you are a beginner. And commercial maize farming is definitely a profitable business. Good luck!

Frequently Asked Questions

People ask many questions about maize farming. Here we are trying to list the most common questions about corn farming, and trying to answer them. Hope you will find your answer. Don’t hesitate to ask us if you have more questions.

Is maize farming profitable?

Yes, commercial maize farming is a very profitable business. You can start this business for making good profits.

How to start maize farming business?

First of all select a good site for corn/maize farming, prepare the land perfectly, choose the right variety, purchase seends, plant in the field and care for the plants.

How long does maize take to grow?

Depends on the breed. But generally most of the corn varieties become ready for harvesting within 100 days from planting.

How many times is maize planted in a year?

You can take 2-3 crops in a year from the same field.

Is maize a profitable crop?

Yes, commercial maize farming is a profitable business. Demand of maize is very high in the market and the price is also good. So, you can start this business for making profits.

In which month maize is planted?

Depends on your location. For example, if you are from India then Kharif maize is sown in June to July till August and harvested in December.

Does maize need a lot of water?

Yes, maize plants grow very fast and require lots of water.

Which soil is best for maize?

Fertile, well-drained and sandy loam soil is considered as best for maize farming.

What is the correct spacing for maize?

The recommended spacing is 75cm between rows and 25cm for plants.

How do I become a successful maize farmer?

For becoming a successful maize farmer you have to choose a disease resistant and high yielding maize variety. And you also have to take good care of the plants for having good yield.

Which weather is good for maize?

Dry weather is considered best for maize farming business.

Should I water corn every day?

No, you don’t have to water your plants everyday. Watering them once per week will be enough.

How do you increase maize yield?

Apply both organic and chemical fertilizers for increasing maize yield.

What is the best time to fertilize maize?

Fertilize your field when the soil is moist.

What fertilizer does maize need?

Maize plants require a balance of NPK fertilizers. But potassium is the nutrient required in the greatest amount by maize.

How many seeds of maize should be planted per hole?

You should plant 2-3 seeds per hole.

How many maize seeds can you plant per acre?

You will need about 10 kg seeds for planting one acre land.

Can maize be planted all year round?

Yes, maize is now cultivated throughout the year.

How long is the life cycle of maize?

Average lifespan of the maize plants is between 120 and 150 days.

Does maize need full sun?

Yes, the maize plants grow best in full sun.

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3 thoughts on “maize farming: profitable corn farming business”.

it is very helpful. i would be extremely happy if u continue to send me more information on other commercial crops. i am a young farmer who is now venturing into the business of commercial farming and i would need help to succeed. Please can you send me information on the ready markets for all cash crops in the world. thank you.

Great.good work

Sincerely apprecieted the writer. God Bless you.

12 Best Profitable Farming Businesses in South Africa

Table of contents, maize farming, dairy farming, poultry farming, beef cattle farming, citrus farming, avocado farming, macadamia nut farming, wine production, olive farming, honey production, fruit juice production, organic farming.

South Africa’s diverse climate and rich soil make it ideal for various agricultural activities, offering numerous money-making agriculture business ideas. From the vast fields of maize to the thriving vineyards, the most profitable agricultural businesses are rooted in the country’s agricultural heritage.

For those looking at how to start an agriculture business, South Africa presents many farming ideas to make money, especially those interested in small or innovative agricultural business ideas. This article explores some of the profitable farming businesses in South Africa, focusing on types of agriculture businesses and agriculture business opportunities that promise substantial profit margins.

Profitable Farming Businesses in South Africa

Maize farming stands as a cornerstone in South Africa’s agricultural sector, not only because of its role as a staple food but also due to its profitability. It’s a viable option for those seeking agriculture business opportunities. Maize farming requires moderate investment but yields high returns, with profit margins often ranging between 10-20%, depending on market prices and production efficiency.

Successful maize farming hinges on understanding crop rotation, proper fertilization, and pest control. It is an excellent choice among small farm business ideas for those looking to start in the agricultural sector.

Dairy farming in South Africa has evolved into a lucrative segment within the agricultural sector. With an increasing demand for dairy products, it represents a promising opportunity for entrepreneurs. This sector demands significant initial investment in livestock, feed, and milking equipment, but the returns are equally rewarding.

The profit margins in dairy farming can range from 15-25%, influenced by factors like milk yield per cow, feed costs, and market demand. Dairy farming is among the most profitable agricultural businesses for those willing to invest time and resources into animal husbandry and farm management.

Poultry farming, encompassing both meat and egg production, is one of the fastest-growing and most profitable farming businesses in South Africa. It’s an ideal venture for those exploring small farm business ideas or innovative agricultural business ideas. With relatively low startup costs and a short turnover period, poultry farming can yield approximately 10-20% profit margins. Success in this field requires knowledge of bird health, feeding, and housing, making it a lucrative and manageable option for newcomers in the agriculture business.

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Beef cattle farming is a fundamental part of South Africa’s agriculture, appealing to small-scale and large-scale farmers. This sector demands significant land and resources for grazing and feeding the cattle. However, the return on investment can be considerable, with profit margins ranging from 15-25%. The key to successful beef cattle farming lies in efficient herd management, quality feed, and understanding market trends, making it a rewarding option for those seeking profitable farming businesses in South Africa.

Citrus farming is a vibrant sector in South Africa, thanks to the country’s favorable climate and growing global demand for citrus fruits. This type of agriculture business involves cultivating oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruits. Profit margins in citrus farming can vary widely, from 20-30%, depending on the quality of produce and market conditions. Citrus farming requires knowledge of tree care, pest control, and harvesting techniques, positioning it as a lucrative option for entrepreneurs interested in agriculture business opportunities.

Avocado farming has gained popularity in South Africa due to the high demand locally and internationally. With the right climatic conditions and soil type, avocado farming can be highly profitable, offering 20-30% profit margins. Factors like proper tree maintenance, irrigation, and disease control are key to success in this field. Avocado farming is a promising venture for those looking into innovative agricultural business ideas in South Africa.

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Macadamia nut farming is another high-value agriculture business in South Africa. The global demand for these nuts makes this venture particularly appealing. The initial investment is high due to the cost of saplings and the time it takes for trees to start producing nuts. However, once established, macadamia farms can yield 30-40% profit margins. Success in this sector requires patience, a long-term view, and knowledge of orchard management and nut processing.

South Africa’s wine industry is renowned globally, with the country’s unique terroir contributing to producing award-winning wines. Wine production is not just a farming activity but also an art, requiring knowledge in viticulture and enology. The profit margins in wine production can be substantial, often exceeding 30%, but this can vary widely based on the quality of the wine and brand recognition. Wine production is ideal for those seeking innovative agricultural business ideas that combine tradition with modern techniques.

Olive farming is a particularly lucrative venture in South Africa, with the climate being highly conducive for olive tree cultivation. The process involves planting and nurturing olive trees and harvesting and processing the olives into oil or table olives. With a growing global demand for high-quality olive oil, this sector presents significant profit margins ranging from 35% to 50%.

Olive farming requires a notable initial investment, particularly for land and processing equipment, but the long-term returns are promising. Additionally, this type of agriculture business appeals to the market’s increasing preference for healthy, natural products. Olive farming is not just about growing trees; it’s about tapping into a global market that values quality and sustainability.

Honey production is another agriculture business opportunity in South Africa with substantial profit potential. The country’s rich biodiversity offers a perfect environment for bees to produce unique, high-quality honey. Beekeeping involves maintaining bee hives, ensuring the health of the bee colonies, and harvesting honey. The profit margin in honey production can be quite high, often exceeding 40%, depending on the quality and branding of the honey.

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It’s a business that generates income and contributes to environmental sustainability through pollination. Honey production requires less land compared to traditional farming, making it a viable option for those looking at small farm business ideas. With the right marketing strategy, honey from South Africa can carve a niche in both local and international markets.

Fruit juice production is a thriving sector in South Africa, capitalizing on the country’s abundant fruit cultivation. This business involves sourcing high-quality fruits, processing them into juice, and packaging them for sale. The variety of fruits available in South Africa, from citrus to exotic berries, provides various flavors and health benefits, appealing to a health-conscious market.

The profit margins in fruit juice production can range from 20% to 40%, influenced by factors like production scale, quality, and brand positioning. It’s an excellent example of how value addition to agricultural products can significantly boost profitability. Fruit juice production caters to local consumption and has export potential, tapping into international markets seeking natural and exotic fruit juices.

Organic farming is rapidly gaining traction in South Africa as consumers become more health-conscious and environmentally aware. This type of farming avoids synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, focusing on natural growth processes and sustainable practices. The scope of organic farming in South Africa is vast, covering products like vegetables, fruits, grains, and even livestock.

The profit margin in organic farming can be considerably higher than conventional farming, often reaching up to 50%, mainly due to the premium prices that organic products command. Starting an organic farm requires knowledge of sustainable farming practices and certification processes. However, once established, it presents a lucrative business opportunity, especially as global trends lean towards organic and eco-friendly products. Organic farming is not just a profitable venture; it’s a commitment to healthier products and a healthier planet.

South Africa’s diverse agricultural sector offers a range of profitable farming businesses, from olive to organic agriculture, each promising high-profit margins and aligning with global sustainability and health-consciousness trends.

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Maize Starch Manufacturing Plant Project Report 2024: Comprehensive Business Plan, Raw Material Requirement, And Cost Analysis

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What is a maize starch?

Maize starch, also known as corn starch, refers to an ingredient that is derived from the endosperm of corn kernels. It is a fine, white powder that is categorized into native and modified variations. Maize starch is renowned for its high amylose and amylopectin content, contributing to its binding, thickening, and stabilizing abilities. It finds extensive applications across numerous sectors, including food and beverages (F&B), pharmaceuticals, paper and textile manufacturing, cosmetics, and bioplastics. It offers numerous benefits, such as acting as a fat substitute, providing a gluten-free alternative, enhancing texture, and serving as a filler in tablets. Moreover, maize starch is lauded for its cost-effectiveness, natural origin, biodegradability, and its status as a renewable resource.

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What are the growth prospects and trends in the maize starch market?

The increasing utilization of maize starch in the food and beverage (F&B) sector due to its thickening, texturizing, and stabilizing properties in products such as sauces, soups, desserts, and ready-to-eat meals is one of the major factors fueling the market growth. Additionally, the growing consumer awareness regarding healthy eating habits and the demand for gluten-free products is favoring the market growth.

Moreover, the widespread adoption of maize starch in the pharmaceutical industry as an excipient in drug formulation owing to its binding and disintegrating properties, is creating a positive outlook for the market growth. Furthermore, rapid technological advancements in the processing and modification of starch to enable the development of products with enhanced functionalities, opening new applications in biodegradable plastics, textiles, and the cosmetics industry, are fostering the market growth. Apart from this, the ongoing shift towards sustainable and eco-friendly packaging solutions as industries seek renewable and biodegradable materials to reduce environmental impact is catalyzing the market growth.

Which aspects are covered in our report on setting up a maize starch manufacturing plant?

Market Overview:

Manufacturing Operations:

Project Requirements, Details, and Costs:

Project Financial Analysis:

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You can share any particular business requirements that you have, and we will adjust the scope of the report to your needs. The following are some typical customizations that our clients ask for:

Key Questions Addressed in the Report on Maize Starch Manufacturing Project:

Why Choose Syndicated Analytics Reports:

About Us: Syndicated Analytics, a subsidiary of IMARC Group, offers consulting services and provides comprehensive market intelligence in the form of research reports, production cost reports, and feasibility studies. Our team, consisting of experienced researchers and analysts from diverse industries, is deeply committed to the quality of the information and insights delivered to the clients, which range from small and medium enterprises to Fortune 1000 companies. These firms are able to achieve this by studying the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the market as well as staying up to date with the current and evolving trends of the industry.

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Scorching Heat Raises SA Food Inflation Risk

u sual weather across South Africa's main summer crop growing regions is hurting the outlook for the key corn harvest and raising risks for higher food-price inflation, according to a farm-industry group.

"The major risks to consumer food inflation in South Africa in 2024 will primarily be white maize products," Wandile Sihlobo, chief economist at the Agricultural Business Chamber of South Africa said. "We see upside risks in maize prices and grain products in the consumer food inflation basket."

The South African central bank is closely watching food prices as it assesses if it can safely start lowering interest rates later this year. It has repeatedly flagged the risk that El Niño-induced weather patterns may have on inflation.

The central bank's models show severe drought conditions caused by the climate phenomenon could add 3 to 8 percentage points to headline inflation.

"While farmers have managed to expand planting areas relative to the previous season, yields are expected to be poor and suffer from heat damage and a lack of rainfall," Sihlobo said.

Corn is among South Africa's main crop and a staple for millions. The country consumes most of the corn it produces and exports surpluses mainly to neighbouring countries.

In its most recent forecast released at the end of February, the Crop Estimates Committee saw harvests for white and yellow corn falling 17,2 percent and 7,7 percent respectively in the 2023-24 season. Overall corn production is estimated to come in at 14,3 million tons.

"Second 2023-24 production forecasts for summer crops are scheduled for release on March 26 and will likely indicate worsening conditions for corn," he said.

South Africa's annual inflation rate rose for the first time in three months in January to 5,3 percent from 5,1 percent in the prior month. -- Bloomberg.

IMAGES

South African maize planting area seen expanding 6 percent
Prospectus on the South African Maize Industry
A solid maize harvest in South Africa
South Africa expecting to harvest highest maize crop in 4 decades
How to Begin Maize Farming Business In South Africa
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COMMENTS

Starting Maize Farming Business in South Africa
Starting Maize Farming Business in South Africa - Business Plan (PDF, Word & Excel) Maize farming, often regarded as the heartbeat of the South Africa's agriculture industry, presents an alluring prospect for those seeking a robust and rewarding business venture. With a rich heritage deeply rooted in maize consumption and production, South ...
PDF Business Plan the Maize Trust Pilot Project for Assisting Black
In 2008 the Maize Trust received applications for an amount of R9 516 901 from a number of Agri-Businesses and other interested parties. The Trust approved and paid R6 300 747 to nine Agri-Businesses in respect of 585 black emerging farmers participating in the initiative. The participating emerging farmers intended to plant a total of 8 630 ...
PDF A Profile of The South African Maize Market Value Chain 2021
Maize is produced throughout South Africa with Free State, Mpumalanga and North-West provinces being the largest producers, accounting for approximately 84% of total production. Almost 90% of maize in South Africa is produced under dry land condition and the remaining 10% is produced under irrigated conditions.
How to start a maize farming business in South Africa
To start with, you need to get approximately 3 to 5 hectares of land. By leasing it or purchasing it, you can get the property. While leasing would be the more viable choice for a new farmer. Maize can grow on almost any soil, but in rich moist soil with a pH between 5.8 and 6.8, it is the best soil to grow maize.
Maize Farm Business Plan
Description. This business plan provides a blueprint for how to start and manage your Maize Farm business. Our detailed research and analysis, including interviews with entrepreneurs and stakeholders, will ensure that you plan your future business for success. A business plan is used for various purposes including to (a) Raise funding from ...
PDF production
crop in South Africa, followed by soya bean, wheat, sunflower, groundnut, grain sorghum and other legume crops. The production of both white and yellow maize takes place in the summer rainfall areas. Local annual production for maize ranges between 4 370 000 to 7 700 000 tons for yellow maize and 7 700 000 to 16 800 000 tons for white maize.
Maize or Corn Farming in South Africa
Maize Farming. 11 January, 2023. In 2021/22, South Africa was the ninth largest producer of maize (also known as "mielies" and corn) in the world, and the largest maize producer in Africa. The country produces around 14 million tonnes of maize per year, of which around 12 million tonnes are white maize and 2 million tonnes are yellow maize.
PDF Factsheet Resilience Solutions for the Maize Sector in South Africa
owned by maize growers. These include the South African Grain Information System and the South African Grain Laboratory. > 75,001 10,001 - 75,000 1,001 - 10,000 1 - 9 000 0 South Africa Maize Production (2011-2015) District Corn Production (2007) tons For a list of references, see the References Section of the PMCR Report.
Tips on Maize farming in South Africa
Maize farming in South Africa. Locally grown, maize makes up a significant contribution to international cultivation. Planted on 2.8 million hectares, locally cultivated maize accounts for 20% of the production in sub-Saharan Africa. The growth of maize production has been promoted by cutting-edge technology as well as the use of genetically ...
Maize Farming: South Africa's Staple Crop and Economic Driver
The cultivation of maize includes land preparation, planting, fertilization, pest and weed control, and harvesting. Farmers utilize various techniques such as mechanization, irrigation, and crop rotation to optimize yields and manage risks. Climate and Growing Regions: South Africa has diverse climatic conditions, allowing for maize cultivation ...
PDF Maize production
Approximately 8,0 million tons of maize grain are produced in South Africa annually on approximately 3,1 million ha of land. Half of the production consists of white maize, for human food consumption. Maize needs 450 to 600 mm of water per season, which is mainly acquired from the soil moisture reserves.
How to achieve optimal maize production
However, according to Pringle, few maize-growing areas in South Africa achieve this high average. Optimal germination begins declining on either side of 30°C. "There's a planting delay in areas of no-till maize production where seed is planted into residues of previous commercial and cover crops.
What you should know before starting a maize farm
Maize, also known as corn, is a cereal grain that is grown in many parts of the world. It takes about 150 days from planting to harvesting. The planting process begins by planting the seeds in the ground. The growth of the maize plants will take about 8-10 months. After the plants have grown, they will be harvested.
Making Money from maize in Africa
THE AFRICAN PICTURE. Africa accounted for 7% of global maize production in 2017 with 84.2 million tons produced. Maize occupied close to 24% of farmland in Africa - more than any other crop. 37 million hectares of maize was planted in Africa, 20% of the total global planted area. South Africa, Nigeria, Ethiopia and Egypt produced 51% of ...
How to draft a business plan
The production plan should also include clear details on the capital expenditure you'll need for, say, on irrigation equipment or a shed. Source: Duncan Pringle, head of Phatisa Agri Business South Africa. Call 031 765 2442, e-mail [email protected], or visit www.phatisa.com. A good business plan will include a farmer's production plan ...
How to plan, start and profit from a Maize Farm in
Increasing demand: The population of Sub-Saharan Africa is increasing at a rate of 2.7% per year, with the expectation of doubling by the year 2050. The greatest strain on food resources will be on maize as it is one of the most consumed commodities in Africa. Currently, 50% of Africa's population consumes maize.
Market overview: Maize meal production in South Africa
38% of the maize produced in South Africa is for human consumption. The price of yellow maize (animal feed) directly impacts the cost of poultry in South Africa as it's the biggest input cost for chicken producers. In 2017, South Africa yielded a record high maize production of 12.7 tons, following a two-year drought period.
Maize farming: Caring for your crop during the first 40 days
Physical and chemical characteristics of soil can influence root development, and if you notice something during this stage of the plant's development, it will determine further actions.". Maize plants grow rapidly during the first 30 to 40 days after planting, and you should provide adequate nutrients.
Maize Farming
Maize is a vital food crop in South Africa. Over the past few years, production has increased significantly, due to improved farming practices and increased investment in the sector. This has had a positive impact on the economy, as maize is one of the country's major exports. ADAMA has a number of herbicides, fungicides and insecticides to help maize farmers protect their crops.
Maize Farming Business Plan [Sample Template]
The amount needed to acquire/lease a farm land - $50,000. The amount required for preparing the farm land - $70,000. The cost for acquiring the required working tools and equipment/machines/fencing et al - $10,000. The amount required for purchase of the first set of maize seedlings et al - $50,000.
Maize Farming: Profitable Corn Farming Business
Controlling weeds is very important for successful maize farming business. Initially you should remove all the weeds from the field while ploughing and harrowing. And then at least 2 additional hand weeding is required. The first weeding should be done on 20-25 days and another is on 40-45 days after sowing.
12 Best Profitable Farming Businesses in South Africa
Avocado farming has gained popularity in South Africa due to the high demand locally and internationally. With the right climatic conditions and soil type, avocado farming can be highly profitable, offering 20-30% profit margins. Factors like proper tree maintenance, irrigation, and disease control are key to success in this field.
Agricultural Business Chamber of South Africa
A crop of 16,35 million tonnes implies South Africa will have sufficient supplies to meet domestic maize needs of roughly 11,40 million tonnes and have over 3,00 million tonnes for export markets in the 2023/24 marketing year. Download. With summer crop harvest underway across South Africa, the recent production estimates are more reliable and ...
Maize Starch Manufacturing Plant Project Report 2024: Comprehensive
With a vast network of consultants and domain experts in over 100 countries spanning North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Africa, and the Middle East, we provide in-depth market ...
Scorching Heat Raises SA Food Inflation Risk
"The major risks to consumer food inflation in South Africa in 2024 will primarily be white maize products," Wandile Sihlobo, chief economist at the Agricultural Business Chamber of South Africa said.