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Scientific images and where to find them
Whether you are preparing a poster, a PowerPoint presentation or want to simply enhance your writing with a beautiful image of a pipette – you may have found yourself surfing through the web on the lookout for the perfect image. Well, we wanted to make your life easier by compiling a list of websites full of those precious images.
Disclaimer: some images will be free, some will not, and some will require a licence or the authorisation of the author (and consequently, credentials)., images free of use, the images on these websites are totally free of uses and even for commercial purpose. it is not mandatory to credit the author but it is highly recommended (just do it, be a good user)., smart (servier medical art) – 3000 free medical images.
The PowerPoint Smart Servier Medical Art was one of the first scientific image resources I used for my presentations and posters! They provide very good multipurpose slide sets with all kinds of medical images ranging from the human body and cellular biology to medical specialities.
Public Health Image Library , is a collection of pictures provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Their intention is to facilitate the spread of public health messages by providing students, scientists, and the media with impressions of different aspects of public health. The pictures are concerned with topics ranging from laboratory sciences and environmental health to natural disasters and public health in action
Because you can find any kind of information on Wikipedia, you can also find pretty much any kind of image or illustration on Wikimedia . You can do a selection by size, type of images and even only images with transparent background (very useful).
Stock photo websites can also be good resources for free images. If you sign up, you often have access to the source vector file (.svg) which enables you to modify your images.
- Pixabay.com (A personal favourite for the quality of the pictures)
- Pexels.com/
- Unsplash.com/
- freerangestock.com/
- stocksnap.io/
- clipart-library.com/ and clker.com/ are clipart collection!
- picjumbo.com/ (with a premium membership you can have access to more/better quality photos)
Images free of use – with Licence or Credential
First, what does it mean when an image is under a licence or a credential, it means that this image is available for reuse and sometimes modification under the condition that you have the authorisation of the author. furthermore, you cannot use the image for commercial purposes and you have to credit the author appropriately (the style should be specified on the website). most of these types of images would fall under a public domain or creative commons license ..
Biorender.com offers a wide range of graphics which help you build scientific figures. You can use them freely under a few conditions and only with the presence of their watermark. To access the full potential of this platform you will need to pay their Licence. They do however offer lower prices for students and professionals (you may need to ask your University or laboratory to negotiate).
INNOVATIVEGENOMICS
Innovativegenomics- Glossary is an Icon Collection centered toward all gene related items, from the DNA to technics like CRISPR. You will find bequtifully designed Icons by Christine Liu that you may know for her scientific merchandize on Two-Photon art ).
Phylopic.org is a bank of silhouette images of animals, plants, and others and organised by taxonomy (you might want to figure out the specific name of what you are looking for)
Whese black silhouette are perfect to create your own figures. If you don’t find your model and want to help: you can contribute growing the list!
SCIENCEIMAGE-CSIRO
Scienceimage.csiro.au/ is a science and nature image library collected by the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO).
The images are organised in general categories easy to browse (Food, animals, equipment, insect, people,…). These images are free to download under a Creative Commons license.
FREENATUREIMAGE
Freenatureimages.eu/ is a beautiful collection of images of the European biodiversity collected by the Saxifraga foundation .
SOMMERSAULT1824
Sommersault1824.com have a free library of scientific and medical illustration with a beautiful 3D visual, perfect for powerpoint presentation.
Beside the free library, Luk & Idoya, the people behind somersault18:24 produces bespoke high quality scientific illustrations, images and animations with 3D fitted to your need!
LIBRARY USGS
Library.usgs.gov/ is the USGS Denver Library Photographic Collection (mostly geographic-oriented photography).
Images under Licence
You buy a licence from these services and can use their images at your leisure, even for commercial purposes (some websites request to have their artist credited)., specialized website:, science photo.
Sciencephoto.com/ as its name may suggest is specialised in scientific photos and videos. You can request a quotation and they offer special prices for students and educators.
SCIENCE SOURCE
Sciencesource.com/ like the precedent website is specialised in scientific images.
They have a regularly updated “special topic” category with current interrest (on this March 2020: coronavirus)
Besides the available images, they have a service for on-demand illustrations.
Less specialized website:
Ps: be careful on this list of less specialised website as it may not be scientifically accurate., however they are a good sources of good quality images, as random as they can be., adobe stock.
Stock.adobe.com/ provides high-quality images which you can use as they come or you can obtain the source file and edit them as you want with one of the image software listed below.
SHUTTERSTOCK
Shutterstock.com/ is quite a renown site where you find any kind of images which are royalty-free but you have to credit the artist (you can also use the image for free but with the watermark).
- Stockfreeimages.com/ 1free week trials or 10 free images!
- Dreamstime.com/ (some images can be free)
- Istockphoto.com/
If you didn’t find anything that fits your need and want to:
- Create it from scratch (Go you!)
- Have an almost perfect image but need some tweaking to colour-match your poster palette
- Want to make a FrankenImage ( insert mad scientist laugh )
You have the possibility of editing your image using certain software. A few options are available for different levels of freedom, creativity, and budget. Let your imagination run free!
Free software:
- Google Doc Drawings is a free substitute for PowerPoint
- Inkscape and vectr are vectore image software
Under Licence software:
- Adobe illustrator
We hope you find these resources useful and wish you all the best for your posters, presentations and other endeavours!
If you know of a useful website that we missed, we would be grateful if you shared the link with us so we can grow this list..
Besides Google, this work has been inspired by previous lists:
- Early career researcher toolbox – free tools for making scientific graphics
- 7 ressources for free science pictures
If you want to know more about creative commons attribution and licences:
Creativecommons.org/
Scientific Illustrations: A Complete Guide for Researchers
As a researcher, writing reports and articles is a big part of your job. Academics and scientists everywhere spend the majority of their time either doing research or writing about it. However, there is one aspect of reports and articles that we don’t think about very often, and that is scientific illustrations. We write articles and reports to convey our ideas to a variety of audiences—academics, fellow scientists, and the public. Everyone who has read a report or article recognizes that illustrations, figures, graphs, and infographics are an invaluable factor in clearly presenting ideas. Until recently, there haven’t been many good tools that make it easy to create clear and interesting scientific illustrations. But with the rise of digital technology, this is changing. In this article, we will look at ways you can create detailed and helpful illustrations to better present your ideas and research. We will also examine the latest tools for scientists and researchers to make such illustrations.
Scientific Illustrations: Where to Begin?
The first place to begin with a scientific illustration is research about the subject. Before you can draw something, you need to have a thorough understanding of it. If you are illustrating a process or an organ, it can help to break it down into smaller parts first so you can think about the best way to present it. Once you have all the information you need, make some preliminary sketches on paper. You can think of this step as similar to writing an outline for an article. You will need to have a good idea of what you want your illustration to look like before you start dealing with digital illustration tools.
When you’re making preliminary sketches, it’s important to keep your target audience grain mind first and foremost. Are you making this illustration for fellow academics or other scientists who already have a detailed understanding of the material? Or are you creating it for the general public? Determining your target audience will make it clear what information you need to include and what information you can leave out of your illustration.
Finally, before you turn to digital tools, remember that the purpose of a scientific illustration is not to introduce new materials. Scientific illustrations are used to present the information in your article in a way that is easier to understand for your audience. The illustration should clarify the topic of your research. For example, if you are writing about the way a stent opens up blocked arteries in a heart, then you can create an illustration showing the key components and highlighting the function of the stent.
Digital Tools for Scientific Illustrations
Once you have your preliminary ideas sketched out, it’s time to turn to digital tools. Most researchers are familiar with tools such as PowerPoint and Adobe Photoshop or Illustrator. While PowerPoint is good for making slideshows, it falls short when it comes to making actual illustrations. Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator are wonderful tools, but they are difficult to learn and can be expensive. Fortunately, some recent innovators have created illustration tools especially for scientists .
The hottest tool right now is BioRender , which was created by a group of women in Toronto who recognized the need for a simple illustration program for scientists. BioRender has a library of more than 30,000 life-science icons, which includes anatomical drawings and pictures of everything from SARS-CoV-2 virus particles to fruit flies. The program allows you to drag and drop icons easily and also has special drawing tools. The founders created the program after recognizing the need for it in fast-growing fields like immunology and microbiology that don’t have standard tools for illustrating, unlike engineering or chemistry. However, it does come with an institutional price tag of USD $35 a month or USD $99 for five users.
But BioRender isn’t the only company trying to meet the need for better tools to illustrate scientific concepts. EDrawSoft offers professional scientific diagrams and templates and is great for physics, mathematics, and chemistry. Gimp is another popular illustration software offering tools for high-quality image manipulation . Gimp’s popularity isn’t only because of its variety of tools and ability to work across platforms like Linux. It is also free. However, it’s often considered an alternative to Adobe Photoshop, meaning beginners might have a difficult time getting started. InkScape is another free tool popular for scientists who want to edit vector graphics. Cacoo is great for collaboration as it has the ability to create diagrams as well as edit and comment in real-time. These are just a few of the many tools available now to make high-quality images and scientific illustrations.
Tips for Making Eye-Catching Scientific Illustrations
Once you have identified the best tool for your purpose and learned the basics, it’s time to think about what makes a good scientific illustration. The short answer is: a good scientific illustration should present information clearly in an eye-catching way. It should enhance the understanding of the viewer, not make it more confusing. You can use color, but there’s no need to use the whole rainbow—color sparingly applied can highlight the most important aspects of your illustration. Scientific illustrations can also make use of text to help viewers understand what they are looking at. A great illustration can add a whole new dimension to the presentation of your research, leaving a strong impression on your audience.
As more journals accept illustrations along with articles, the demand for the skill of scientific illustration is also growing. The founders of BioRender highlight what a well-paying field scientific illustration is . Shiz Aoki is one of very few people in the world with an actual degree in medical illustration from Johns Hopkins University. The program only produces six graduates per year. Before Aoki started BioRender, she ran a medical illustration firm that charged between USD $1000 to USD $10,000 for commissions. For many scientists and researchers struggling to make ends meet due to the fallout from the coronavirus epidemic, freelancing in scientific illustration may offer a lucrative side hustle. With the number of tools available, investing some time in learning this new skill now can boost your career in more ways than one.
Do you create illustrations for your articles and presentations? What tools have you found helpful or difficult? Let us know your thoughts in the comments below.
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- TECHNOLOGY FEATURE
- 08 May 2020
The software that powers scientific illustration
- Jeffrey M. Perkel
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Like many researchers, Rita Sattler is trained to conduct science, not to draw it. But papers still need writing — and illustrating. So, when the time came to document what her team had done for a journal article, Sattler did what her colleagues frequently do: she fired up PowerPoint.
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How to make a scientific presentation
Scientific presentation outlines
Questions to ask yourself before you write your talk, 1. how much time do you have, 2. who will you speak to, 3. what do you want the audience to learn from your talk, step 1: outline your presentation, step 2: plan your presentation slides, step 3: make the presentation slides, slide design, text elements, animations and transitions, step 4: practice your presentation, final thoughts, frequently asked questions about preparing scientific presentations, related articles.
A good scientific presentation achieves three things: you communicate the science clearly, your research leaves a lasting impression on your audience, and you enhance your reputation as a scientist.
But, what is the best way to prepare for a scientific presentation? How do you start writing a talk? What details do you include, and what do you leave out?
It’s tempting to launch into making lots of slides. But, starting with the slides can mean you neglect the narrative of your presentation, resulting in an overly detailed, boring talk.
The key to making an engaging scientific presentation is to prepare the narrative of your talk before beginning to construct your presentation slides. Planning your talk will ensure that you tell a clear, compelling scientific story that will engage the audience.
In this guide, you’ll find everything you need to know to make a good oral scientific presentation, including:
- The different types of oral scientific presentations and how they are delivered;
- How to outline a scientific presentation;
- How to make slides for a scientific presentation.
Our advice results from delving into the literature on writing scientific talks and from our own experiences as scientists in giving and listening to presentations. We provide tips and best practices for giving scientific talks in a separate post.
There are two main types of scientific talks:
- Your talk focuses on a single study . Typically, you tell the story of a single scientific paper. This format is common for short talks at contributed sessions in conferences.
- Your talk describes multiple studies. You tell the story of multiple scientific papers. It is crucial to have a theme that unites the studies, for example, an overarching question or problem statement, with each study representing specific but different variations of the same theme. Typically, PhD defenses, invited seminars, lectures, or talks for a prospective employer (i.e., “job talks”) fall into this category.
➡️ Learn how to prepare an excellent thesis defense
The length of time you are allotted for your talk will determine whether you will discuss a single study or multiple studies, and which details to include in your story.
The background and interests of your audience will determine the narrative direction of your talk, and what devices you will use to get their attention. Will you be speaking to people specializing in your field, or will the audience also contain people from disciplines other than your own? To reach non-specialists, you will need to discuss the broader implications of your study outside your field.
The needs of the audience will also determine what technical details you will include, and the language you will use. For example, an undergraduate audience will have different needs than an audience of seasoned academics. Students will require a more comprehensive overview of background information and explanations of jargon but will need less technical methodological details.
Your goal is to speak to the majority. But, make your talk accessible to the least knowledgeable person in the room.
This is called the thesis statement, or simply the “take-home message”. Having listened to your talk, what message do you want the audience to take away from your presentation? Describe the main idea in one or two sentences. You want this theme to be present throughout your presentation. Again, the thesis statement will depend on the audience and the type of talk you are giving.
Your thesis statement will drive the narrative for your talk. By deciding the take-home message you want to convince the audience of as a result of listening to your talk, you decide how the story of your talk will flow and how you will navigate its twists and turns. The thesis statement tells you the results you need to show, which subsequently tells you the methods or studies you need to describe, which decides the angle you take in your introduction.
➡️ Learn how to write a thesis statement
The goal of your talk is that the audience leaves afterward with a clear understanding of the key take-away message of your research. To achieve that goal, you need to tell a coherent, logical story that conveys your thesis statement throughout the presentation. You can tell your story through careful preparation of your talk.
Preparation of a scientific presentation involves three separate stages: outlining the scientific narrative, preparing slides, and practicing your delivery. Making the slides of your talk without first planning what you are going to say is inefficient.
Here, we provide a 4 step guide to writing your scientific presentation:
- Outline your presentation
- Plan your presentation slides
- Make the presentation slides
- Practice your presentation
Writing an outline helps you consider the key pieces of your talk and how they fit together from the beginning, preventing you from forgetting any important details. It also means you avoid changing the order of your slides multiple times, saving you time.
Plan your talk as discrete sections. In the table below, we describe the sections for a single study talk vs. a talk discussing multiple studies:
The following tips apply when writing the outline of a single study talk. You can easily adapt this framework if you are writing a talk discussing multiple studies.
Introduction: Writing the introduction can be the hardest part of writing a talk. And when giving it, it’s the point where you might be at your most nervous. But preparing a good, concise introduction will settle your nerves.
The introduction tells the audience the story of why you studied your topic. A good introduction succinctly achieves four things, in the following order.
- It gives a broad perspective on the problem or topic for people in the audience who may be outside your discipline (i.e., it explains the big-picture problem motivating your study).
- It describes why you did the study, and why the audience should care.
- It gives a brief indication of how your study addressed the problem and provides the necessary background information that the audience needs to understand your work.
- It indicates what the audience will learn from the talk, and prepares them for what will come next.
A good introduction not only gives the big picture and motivations behind your study but also concisely sets the stage for what the audience will learn from the talk (e.g., the questions your work answers, and/or the hypotheses that your work tests). The end of the introduction will lead to a natural transition to the methods.
Give a broad perspective on the problem. The easiest way to start with the big picture is to think of a hook for the first slide of your presentation. A hook is an opening that gets the audience’s attention and gets them interested in your story. In science, this might take the form of a why, or a how question, or it could be a statement about a major problem or open question in your field. Other examples of hooks include quotes, short anecdotes, or interesting statistics.
Why should the audience care? Next, decide on the angle you are going to take on your hook that links to the thesis of your talk. In other words, you need to set the context, i.e., explain why the audience should care. For example, you may introduce an observation from nature, a pattern in experimental data, or a theory that you want to test. The audience must understand your motivations for the study.
Supplementary details. Once you have established the hook and angle, you need to include supplementary details to support them. For example, you might state your hypothesis. Then go into previous work and the current state of knowledge. Include citations of these studies. If you need to introduce some technical methodological details, theory, or jargon, do it here.
Conclude your introduction. The motivation for the work and background information should set the stage for the conclusion of the introduction, where you describe the goals of your study, and any hypotheses or predictions. Let the audience know what they are going to learn.
Methods: The audience will use your description of the methods to assess the approach you took in your study and to decide whether your findings are credible. Tell the story of your methods in chronological order. Use visuals to describe your methods as much as possible. If you have equations, make sure to take the time to explain them. Decide what methods to include and how you will show them. You need enough detail so that your audience will understand what you did and therefore can evaluate your approach, but avoid including superfluous details that do not support your main idea. You want to avoid the common mistake of including too much data, as the audience can read the paper(s) later.
Results: This is the evidence you present for your thesis. The audience will use the results to evaluate the support for your main idea. Choose the most important and interesting results—those that support your thesis. You don’t need to present all the results from your study (indeed, you most likely won’t have time to present them all). Break down complex results into digestible pieces, e.g., comparisons over multiple slides (more tips in the next section).
Summary: Summarize your main findings. Displaying your main findings through visuals can be effective. Emphasize the new contributions to scientific knowledge that your work makes.
Conclusion: Complete the circle by relating your conclusions to the big picture topic in your introduction—and your hook, if possible. It’s important to describe any alternative explanations for your findings. You might also speculate on future directions arising from your research. The slides that comprise your conclusion do not need to state “conclusion”. Rather, the concluding slide title should be a declarative sentence linking back to the big picture problem and your main idea.
It’s important to end well by planning a strong closure to your talk, after which you will thank the audience. Your closing statement should relate to your thesis, perhaps by stating it differently or memorably. Avoid ending awkwardly by memorizing your closing sentence.
By now, you have an outline of the story of your talk, which you can use to plan your slides. Your slides should complement and enhance what you will say. Use the following steps to prepare your slides.
- Write the slide titles to match your talk outline. These should be clear and informative declarative sentences that succinctly give the main idea of the slide (e.g., don’t use “Methods” as a slide title). Have one major idea per slide. In a YouTube talk on designing effective slides , researcher Michael Alley shows examples of instructive slide titles.
- Decide how you will convey the main idea of the slide (e.g., what figures, photographs, equations, statistics, references, or other elements you will need). The body of the slide should support the slide’s main idea.
- Under each slide title, outline what you want to say, in bullet points.
In sum, for each slide, prepare a title that summarizes its major idea, a list of visual elements, and a summary of the points you will make. Ensure each slide connects to your thesis. If it doesn’t, then you don’t need the slide.
Slides for scientific presentations have three major components: text (including labels and legends), graphics, and equations. Here, we give tips on how to present each of these components.
- Have an informative title slide. Include the names of all coauthors and their affiliations. Include an attractive image relating to your study.
- Make the foreground content of your slides “pop” by using an appropriate background. Slides that have white backgrounds with black text work well for small rooms, whereas slides with black backgrounds and white text are suitable for large rooms.
- The layout of your slides should be simple. Pay attention to how and where you lay the visual and text elements on each slide. It’s tempting to cram information, but you need lots of empty space. Retain space at the sides and bottom of your slides.
- Use sans serif fonts with a font size of at least 20 for text, and up to 40 for slide titles. Citations can be in 14 font and should be included at the bottom of the slide.
- Use bold or italics to emphasize words, not underlines or caps. Keep these effects to a minimum.
- Use concise text . You don’t need full sentences. Convey the essence of your message in as few words as possible. Write down what you’d like to say, and then shorten it for the slide. Remove unnecessary filler words.
- Text blocks should be limited to two lines. This will prevent you from crowding too much information on the slide.
- Include names of technical terms in your talk slides, especially if they are not familiar to everyone in the audience.
- Include citations for the hypotheses or observations of other scientists.
- Proofread your slides. Typos and grammatical errors are distracting for your audience.
- Good figures and graphics are essential to sustain audience interest. Use graphics and photographs to show the experiment or study system in action and to explain abstract concepts.
- Don’t use figures straight from your paper as they may be too detailed for your talk, and details like axes may be too small. Make new versions if necessary. Make them large enough to be visible from the back of the room.
- Use graphs to show your results, not tables. Tables are difficult for your audience to digest! If you must present a table, keep it simple.
- Label the axes of graphs and indicate the units. Label important components of graphics and photographs and include captions. Include sources for graphics that are not your own.
- Explain all the elements of a graph. This includes the axes, what the colors and markers mean, and patterns in the data.
- Use colors in figures and text in a meaningful, not random, way. For example, contrasting colors can be effective for pointing out comparisons and/or differences. Don’t use neon colors or pastels.
- Use thick lines in figures, and use color to create contrasts in the figures you present. Don’t use red/green or red/blue combinations, as color-blind audience members can’t distinguish between them.
- Arrows or circles can be effective for drawing attention to key details in graphs and equations. Add some text annotations along with them.
- Write your summary and conclusion slides using graphics, rather than showing a slide with a list of bullet points. Showing some of your results again can be helpful to remind the audience of your message.
- If your talk has equations, take time to explain them. Include text boxes to explain variables and mathematical terms, and put them under each term in the equation.
- Combine equations with a graphic that shows the scientific principle, or include a diagram of the mathematical model.
- Use animations judiciously. They are helpful to reveal complex ideas gradually, for example, if you need to make a comparison or contrast or to build a complicated argument or figure. For lists, reveal one bullet point at a time. New ideas appearing sequentially will help your audience follow your logic.
- Slide transitions should be simple. Silly ones distract from your message.
- Decide how you will make the transition as you move from one section of your talk to the next. For example, if you spend time talking through details, provide a summary afterward, especially in a long talk. Another common tactic is to have a “home slide” that you return to multiple times during the talk that reinforces your main idea or message. In her YouTube talk on designing effective scientific presentations , Stanford biologist Susan McConnell suggests using the approach of home slides to build a cohesive narrative.
To deliver a polished presentation, it is essential to practice it. Here are some tips.
- For your first run-through, practice alone. Pay attention to your narrative. Does your story flow naturally? Do you know how you will start and end? Are there any awkward transitions? Do animations help you tell your story? Do your slides help to convey what you are saying or are they missing components?
- Next, practice in front of your advisor, and/or your peers (e.g., your lab group). Ask someone to time your talk. Take note of their feedback and the questions that they ask you (you might be asked similar questions during your real talk).
- Edit your talk, taking into account the feedback you’ve received. Eliminate superfluous slides that don’t contribute to your takeaway message.
- Practice as many times as needed to memorize the order of your slides and the key transition points of your talk. However, don’t try to learn your talk word for word. Instead, memorize opening and closing statements, and sentences at key junctures in the presentation. Your presentation should resemble a serious but spontaneous conversation with the audience.
- Practicing multiple times also helps you hone the delivery of your talk. While rehearsing, pay attention to your vocal intonations and speed. Make sure to take pauses while you speak, and make eye contact with your imaginary audience.
- Make sure your talk finishes within the allotted time, and remember to leave time for questions. Conferences are particularly strict on run time.
- Anticipate questions and challenges from the audience, and clarify ambiguities within your slides and/or speech in response.
- If you anticipate that you could be asked questions about details but you don’t have time to include them, or they detract from the main message of your talk, you can prepare slides that address these questions and place them after the final slide of your talk.
➡️ More tips for giving scientific presentations
An organized presentation with a clear narrative will help you communicate your ideas effectively, which is essential for engaging your audience and conveying the importance of your work. Taking time to plan and outline your scientific presentation before writing the slides will help you manage your nerves and feel more confident during the presentation, which will improve your overall performance.
A good scientific presentation has an engaging scientific narrative with a memorable take-home message. It has clear, informative slides that enhance what the speaker says. You need to practice your talk many times to ensure you deliver a polished presentation.
First, consider who will attend your presentation, and what you want the audience to learn about your research. Tailor your content to their level of knowledge and interests. Second, create an outline for your presentation, including the key points you want to make and the evidence you will use to support those points. Finally, practice your presentation several times to ensure that it flows smoothly and that you are comfortable with the material.
Prepare an opening that immediately gets the audience’s attention. A common device is a why or a how question, or a statement of a major open problem in your field, but you could also start with a quote, interesting statistic, or case study from your field.
Scientific presentations typically either focus on a single study (e.g., a 15-minute conference presentation) or tell the story of multiple studies (e.g., a PhD defense or 50-minute conference keynote talk). For a single study talk, the structure follows the scientific paper format: Introduction, Methods, Results, Summary, and Conclusion, whereas the format of a talk discussing multiple studies is more complex, but a theme unifies the studies.
Ensure you have one major idea per slide, and convey that idea clearly (through images, equations, statistics, citations, video, etc.). The slide should include a title that summarizes the major point of the slide, should not contain too much text or too many graphics, and color should be used meaningfully.
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- What is a science animation? Science animation refers to the use of animation to portray, communicate, and explain scientific concepts. They are often used for the purposes of academic teaching, awareness campaigning, as well as for entertainment. We provide two science animation services: 1. Video abstracts Video abstracts are short animated summaries about the main findings of an academic paper. They are most effective at promoting a paper's public visibility through media releases and on social media. We offer video abstracts in three artistic formats: Whiteboard 2D motion graphic Hybrid whiteboard/motion graphic 2. Custom explainer videos The scope of an explainer video can branch out infinitely. Whether you need a video to explain your grant application ideas, or simply want an animation to introduce your research team, we'll be able to craft a customised video to suit your needs. Custom explainer videos are offered in the same artistic formats as with video abstracts. However, higher levels of motion and artistic detail can also be achieved in our custom explainer video service. You can learn more about our product tiers here. Examples of animations we have created include: Government project explainers Recruitment campaigns in science and health Animations for research team websites Protocols in a scientific industry Promotional explainers for books with a research context Have an idea for your custom animation? Contact us to find out how we can bring your story to life.
- What is the process? Your research is well on its way to more citations, a healthy boost in metrics, and maybe even onto newsstands around the world. And, believe it or not, it’s as easy as 1 - 2 - 3. Move 1 - Questionnaire Effortlessly tell us the story of your paper with our guided questionnaire. This speeds up the process and ensures that you remain in control over the way your research is portrayed. Move 2 - Concept & storyboard Our team breathes life into your research by writing a script and sketching out your video or graphical abstract for your approval. Move 3 - Illustration/video production Sit back and relax as we work our magic in turning your complex science into a beautiful visual that you’ll be proud to share with the world. Customers that choose our custom animations will start with a strategy session instead of the questionnaire.
- What license covers the graphical and video abstracts? Don’t worry, you’re covered. All of our products are licensed under Creative Commons – Attribution, No Derivatives by default. This means you and anyone else are free to share, copy, and redistribute your video or graphical abstract in any medium, as long as the following conditions are met: 1. Attribution is given to the paper (title, authors, journal, year, DOI), and to www.animateyour.science 2. The product is not modified in any way If you need a whitelabeled product that's ok too, a small fee applies in that case.
- What payment methods do you take? We accept payment by Credit Card, PayPal and Bank transfers. While we do accept purchase orders, we highly encourage instant payment (usingthe options above) for a more streamlined process and much faster turnaround time.
- Will you keep my work confidential? Absolutely! Your project remains top secret until the embargo is lifted. And you choose the date and time you want to release your animated research to the world.
- Who designs the artwork and animates the video? While the concepts are created by a science communicator, the illustrations and animations are created by our professional designers. You can see our beautiful faces on the about page.
- Do you promote the video/graphical abstracts? We do! We offer social sharing through our media channels so that your research is positioned to make a splash from the start. For no extra cost!
- Can I show graphs in the visual abstract? Yes and no. Here’s the thing — we advise against the use of graphs as they can be a turnoff to the layperson. With that said, if your target audience is exclusively scientists, we can include one simple graph in your animation.
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Home Blog Education How to Prepare Your Scientific Presentation
How to Prepare Your Scientific Presentation
Since the dawn of time, humans were eager to find explanations for the world around them. At first, our scientific method was very simplistic and somewhat naive. We observed and reflected. But with the progressive evolution of research methods and thinking paradigms, we arrived into the modern era of enlightenment and science. So what represents the modern scientific method and how can you accurately share and present your research findings to others? These are the two fundamental questions we attempt to answer in this post.
What is the Scientific Method?
To better understand the concept, let’s start with this scientific method definition from the International Encyclopedia of Human Geography :
The scientific method is a way of conducting research, based on theory construction, the generation of testable hypotheses, their empirical testing, and the revision of theory if the hypothesis is rejected.
Essentially, a scientific method is a cumulative term, used to describe the process any scientist uses to objectively interpret the world (and specific phenomenon) around them.
The scientific method is the opposite of beliefs and cognitive biases — mostly irrational, often unconscious, interpretations of different occurrences that we lean on as a mental shortcut.
The scientific method in research, on the contrary, forces the thinker to holistically assess and test our approaches to interpreting data. So that they could gain consistent and non-arbitrary results.
The common scientific method examples are:
- Systematic observation
- Experimentation
- Inductive and deductive reasoning
- Formation and testing of hypotheses and theories
All of the above are used by both scientists and businesses to make better sense of the data and/or phenomenon at hand.
The Evolution of the Scientific Method
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy , ancient thinkers such as Plato and Aristotle are believed to be the forefathers of the scientific method. They were among the first to try to justify and refine their thought process using the scientific method experiments and deductive reasoning.
Both developed specific systems for knowledge acquisition and processing. For example, the Platonic way of knowledge emphasized reasoning as the main method for learning but downplayed the importance of observation. The Aristotelian corpus of knowledge, on the contrary, said that we must carefully observe the natural world to discover its fundamental principles.
In medieval times, thinkers such as Thomas Aquinas, Roger Bacon, and Andreas Vesalius among many others worked on further clarifying how we can obtain proven knowledge through observation and induction.
The 16th–18th centuries are believed to have given the greatest advances in terms of scientific method application. We, humans, learned to better interpret the world around us from mechanical, biological, economic, political, and medical perspectives. Thinkers such as Galileo Galilei, Francis Bacon, and their followers also increasingly switched to a tradition of explaining everything through mathematics, geometry, and numbers.
Up till today, mathematical and mechanical explanations remain the core parts of the scientific method.
Why is the Scientific Method Important Today?
Because our ancestors didn’t have as much data as we do. We now live in the era of paramount data accessibility and connectivity, where over 2.5 quintillions of data are produced each day. This has tremendously accelerated knowledge creation.
But, at the same time, such overwhelming exposure to data made us more prone to external influences, biases, and false beliefs. These can jeopardize the objectivity of any research you are conducting.
Scientific findings need to remain objective, verifiable, accurate, and consistent. Diligent usage of scientific methods in modern business and science helps ensure proper data interpretation, results replication, and undisputable validity.
6 Steps of the Scientific Method
Over the course of history, the scientific method underwent many interactions. Yet, it still carries some of the integral steps our ancestors used to analyze the world such as observation and inductive reasoning. However, the modern scientific method steps differ a bit.
1. Make an Observation
An observation serves as a baseline for your research. There are two important characteristics for a good research observation:
- It must be objective, not subjective.
- It must be verifiable, meaning others can say it’s true or false with this.
For example, This apple is red (objective/verifiable observation). This apple is delicious (subjective, harder-to-verify observation).
2. Develop a Hypothesis
Observations tell us about the present or past. But the goal of science is to glean in the future. A scientific hypothesis is based on prior knowledge and produced through reasoning as an attempt to descriptive a future event.
Here are characteristics of a good scientific hypothesis:
- General and tentative idea
- Agrees with all available observations
- Testable and potentially falsifiable
Remember: If we state our hypothesis to indicate there is no effect, our hypothesis is a cause-and-effect relationship . A hypothesis, which asserts no effect, is called a null hypothesis.
3. Make a Prediction
A hypothesis is a mental “launchpad” for predicting the existence of other phenomena or quantitative results of new observations.
Going back to an earlier example here’s how to turn it into a hypothesis and a potential prediction for proving it. For example: If this apple is red, other apples of this type should be red too.
Your goal is then to decide which variables can help you prove or disprove your hypothesis and prepare to test these.
4. Perform an Experiment
Collect all the information around variables that will help you prove or disprove your prediction. According to the scientific method, a hypothesis has to be discarded or modified if its predictions are clearly and repeatedly incompatible with experimental results.
Yes, you may come up with an elegant theory. However, if your hypothetical predictions cannot be backed by experimental results, you cannot use them as a valid explanation of the phenomenon.
5. Analyze the Results of the Experiment
To come up with proof for your hypothesis, use different statistical analysis methods to interpret the meaning behind your data.
Remember to stay objective and emotionally unattached to your results. If 95 apples turned red, but 5 were yellow, does it disprove your hypothesis? Not entirely. It may mean that you didn’t account for all variables and must adapt the parameters of your experiment.
Here are some common data analysis techniques, used as a part of a scientific method:
- Statistical analysis
- Cause and effect analysis (see cause and effect analysis slides )
- Regression analysis
- Factor analysis
- Cluster analysis
- Time series analysis
- Diagnostic analysis
- Root cause analysis (see root cause analysis slides )
6. Draw a Conclusion
Every experiment has two possible outcomes:
- The results correspond to the prediction
- The results disprove the prediction
If that’s the latter, as a scientist you must discard the prediction then and most likely also rework the hypothesis based on it.
How to Give a Scientific Presentation to Showcase Your Methods
Whether you are doing a poster session, conference talk, or follow-up presentation on a recently published journal article, most of your peers need to know how you’ve arrived at the presented conclusions.
In other words, they will probe your scientific method for gaps to ensure that your results are fair and possible to replicate. So that they could incorporate your theories in their research too. Thus your scientific presentation must be sharp, on-point, and focus clearly on your research approaches.
Below we propose a quick framework for creating a compelling scientific presentation in PowerPoint (+ some helpful templates!).
1. Open with a Research Question
Here’s how to start a scientific presentation with ease: share your research question. On the first slide, briefly recap how your thought process went. Briefly state what was the underlying aim of your research: Share your main hypothesis, mention if you could prove or disprove them.
It might be tempting to pack a lot of ideas into your first slide but don’t. Keep the opening of your presentation short to pique the audience’s initial interest and set the stage for the follow-up narrative.
2. Disclose Your Methods
Whether you are doing a science poster presentation or conference talk, many audience members would be curious to understand how you arrived at your results. Deliver this information at the beginning of your presentation to avoid any ambiguities.
Here’s how to organize your science methods on a presentation:
- Do not use bullet points or full sentences. Use diagrams and structured images to list the methods
- Use visuals and iconography to use metaphors where possible.
- Organize your methods by groups e.g. quantifiable and non-quantifiable
Finally, when you work on visuals for your presentation — charts, graphs, illustrations, etc. — think from the perspective of a subject novice. Does the image really convey the key information around the subject? Does it help break down complex ideas?
3. Spotlight the Results
Obviously, the research results will be your biggest bragging right. However, don’t over-pack your presentation with a long-winded discussion of your findings and how revolutionary these may be for the community.
Rather than writing a wall of text, do this instead:
- Use graphs with large axis values/numbers to showcase the findings in great detail
- Prioritize formats that are known to everybody (e.g. odds ratios, Kaplan Meier curves, etc.)
- Do not include more than 5 lines of plain text per slide
Overall, when you feel that the results slide gets too cramped, it’s best to move the data to a new one.
Also, as you work on organizing data on your scientific presentation PowerPoint template , think if there are obvious limitations and gaps. If yes, make sure you acknowledge them during your speech.
4. Mention Study Limitations
The scientific method mandates objectivity. That’s why every researcher must clearly state what was excluded from their study. Remember: no piece of scientific research is truly universal and has certain boundaries. However, when you fail to personally state those, others might struggle to draw the line themselves and replicate your results. Then, if they fail to do so, they’d question the viability of your research.
5. Conclude with a Memorable Takeaway Message
Every experienced speaker will tell you that the audience best retains the information they hear first and last. Most people will attend more than one scientific presentation during the day.
So if you want the audience to better remember your talk, brainstorm a take-home message for the last slide of your presentation. Think of your last slide texts as an elevator pitch — a short, concluding message, summarizing your research.
To Conclude
Today we have no shortage of research and scientific methods for testing and proving our hypothesis. However, unlike our ancestors, most scientists experience deeper scrutiny when it comes to presenting and explaining their findings to others. That’s why it’s important to ensure that your scientific presentation clearly relays the aim, vector, and thought process behind your research.
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