2023 neco agric essay questions

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NECO Agric Questions and Answers 2023/2024 (Essay and Objectives)

NECO Agric Questions and Answers 2023. I will be showing you the NECO Agricultural Science objective and theory questions for free. You will also understand how NECO Agric questions are set and many more examination details.

The National Examination Council is an examination body that set questions annually from areas students should, after their studies in senior secondary school, be able to write and pass without stress.

NECO Agric Science answers and questions Objectives and Essay will be provided here and the authenticity of this NECO 2023 Agric solutions to questions has been tested and confirmed to be sure.

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Table of Contents

NECO Agric Essay And Objective Questions and Answers 2023 (EXPO)

The NECO Agric Science answers will be posted here today 19th July during the NECO Agriculture exam.

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Today’s NECO Agricultural Science OBJ: The Answers will soon be posted. Wait patiently.

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(1a) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Land use legislation helps ensure that land resources are managed sustainably, preventing over exploitation and degradation of natural resources. (ii) It allows the government to plan and regulate the growth of urban areas, ensuring orderly development and preventing haphazard expansion. (iii) Land use regulations can protect ecologically sensitive areas, such as forests, wetlands, and wildlife habitats, safeguarding biodiversity and promoting environmental conservation. (iv) The government can allocate specific areas for infrastructure development, such as roads, schools, hospitals, and industrial zones, ensuring efficient land utilization. (v) Land use legislation helps resolve disputes over land ownership and usage, reducing conflicts between individuals, communities, and industries. (vi) By promoting appropriate land use, the government can foster economic activities, encourage investment, and support sustainable agricultural and industrial development.

(1b) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) NGOs provide training and workshops to beekeepers, farmers, and local communities, imparting knowledge on modern beekeeping practices, hive management, and sustainable honey production. (ii) NGOs may supply beekeepers with necessary equipment, such as beehives, protective gear, smokers, and honey extraction tools, to enhance productivity and safety. (iii) They conduct research on bee species, behavior, and honey production techniques, introducing innovative methods to increase honey yields and improve bee health. (iv) They raise awareness about the importance of bees and pollinators in agriculture and ecosystem health, advocating for policies that support bee-friendly practices and environmental protection. (v) They help beekeepers access markets for their honey and other bee-related products, connecting them with buyers and promoting fair trade practices. (vi) They work towards preserving natural habitats and diverse plant species, which are crucial for bees’ foraging and pollination activities, contributing to the overall health of the bee population.

(1c) (i) Tree pullers uproot trees with minimal disturbance to the surrounding soil, preserving the topsoil structure and preventing erosion. (ii) Tree pullers allow selective clearing of unwanted trees while leaving desired vegetation intact, maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem balance. (iii) Compared to bulldozers, tree pullers can be more cost-effective, especially in areas with valuable timber, as they uproot trees without damaging the valuable parts. (iv) Tree pullers are considered more environmentally friendly because they reduce habitat destruction and can spare young trees, which are vital for forest regeneration. (v) Tree pullers typically require less fuel than bulldozers, resulting in reduced greenhouse gas emissions and lower operational costs. (vi) Due to the minimal soil disturbance, the land may recover more quickly after using a tree puller, allowing for faster reforestation or preparation for agricultural use.

(1d) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Accessibility (ii) Water Supply (iii) Topography and Drainage (iv) Sunlight Exposure (v) Wind Direction and Shelter (vi) Proximity to Production Areas =================================================

(2a) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) The use of science and technology in agriculture has led to the development of high-yielding and disease-resistant crop varieties that have significantly increased agricultural productivity.

(ii) Adoption of modern farm machinery and equipment has enhanced efficiency in farm operations, reducing the labor-intensive nature of agriculture and increasing productivity.

(iii) Science and technology have facilitated the implementation of efficient irrigation systems, enabling farmers to grow crops in regions with limited rainfall and ensuring a steady supply of water for agriculture.

(iv) Technological advancements in pest and disease control have allowed for better monitoring, early detection, and targeted treatment, reducing crop losses and ensuring higher yields.

(v) Science-based soil testing and fertilizer recommendations have improved soil fertility and nutrient management, leading to increased crop yields.

(vi) Technology has provided farmers with easier access to agricultural information, weather forecasts, market prices, and best practices, enabling them to make more informed decisions and optimize their farming practices.

(2b) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Limited Grazing Land: The availability of limited grazing land in Southern Nigeria restricts the capacity to raise large herds of cattle.

(ii) Land Use Conflicts: Competition for land resources and land use conflicts between farmers and herders often result in tensions and restrict cattle movement.

(iii) Climate and Environmental Factors: Southern Nigeria’s tropical climate may not be suitable for some cattle breeds, leading to lower productivity.

(iv) Disease Outbreaks: Cattle in Southern Nigeria are vulnerable to various diseases, and inadequate veterinary services may lead to significant losses.

(v) Inadequate Infrastructure: Insufficient infrastructure, such as proper roads and transportation facilities, hinders the efficient movement and marketing of cattle.

(vi) Herdsmen-Farmer Clashes: Frequent clashes between herdsmen and farmers over resources and grazing land have adversely affected cattle production in some regions.

(2c) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Planning ensures the efficient allocation of resources such as land, labor, and capital, maximizing productivity and profitability. (ii) Planning helps identify environmentally sensitive areas on the land, enabling the implementation of sustainable farming practices. (iii) Through planning, the most suitable crops or livestock can be selected based on the soil type, climate, and market demand in the area. (iv) Planning enables the design and implementation of appropriate irrigation systems, ensuring sufficient water supply for crops. (v) By planning, farmers can implement preventive measures for pest and disease control, minimizing crop losses. (vi) Planning allows farmers to anticipate potential risks and develop contingency plans to mitigate adverse effects from factors such as weather events, market fluctuations, or input shortages.

(2d) (PIC ANY FOUR) (i) Water Pumping with Windmills (ii) Electricity Generation (iii) Ventilation in Livestock Barns (iv) Wind-Assisted Seed Dispersal (v) Drying of Agricultural Products ======================================================

(Answer Only ONE Question From This Section) (3a) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Different crops take different nutrients from the soil. (ii) Different crops take nutrients from different layers of the soil. (iii) crops having the same diseases should not follow each other. (iv) Crops having the same pest should not follow each other. (v) Shallow-rooted crops follow deep-rooted crops. (vi) A legume must always be included in the rotation.

(3bi) Commensalism and Symbiosis: In commensalism, one species benefits from the association, while the other is neither harmed nor benefited. In Symbiosis, the both species benefit from the relationship.

(3bii) Predation and Parasitism: In predation, the predator is very active and uses intense physical effort to catch prey WHILE in Parasitism, the parasite is generraly passive in its progression

(3c) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Rocks help to break up compacted soil, improving its structure and enhancing water and air penetration. (ii) Some rocks, like volcanic rocks, gradually release essential minerals and nutrients into the soil as they weather, enriching the soil profile. (iii) Large rocks or stone walls can be strategically placed to prevent soil erosion in sloping areas. (iv) Rocks act as mulch, reducing water evaporation from the soil and helping to retain moisture during dry periods. (v) Rocks can create small microclimates by absorbing and radiating heat, benefiting certain plants or wildlife. (vi) Rocks provide shelter and habitat for beneficial insects and microorganisms that contribute to soil health and pest control.

(3d) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Irrigation ensures a consistent and adequate water supply, leading to improved crop growth and higher yields. (ii) Irrigation allows farmers to control the timing and amount of water delivered to crops, optimizing growth and reducing water wastage. (iii) During dry spells or droughts, irrigation helps maintain crop growth and prevents significant losses. (iv) With irrigation, farmers can grow a wider range of crops and extend the growing season beyond rain-fed limitations. (v) Irrigation makes previously unsuitable or arid land productive, expanding the agricultural land available for cultivation. (vi) Irrigation can lead to a stable and predictable income for farmers since it reduces the dependence on rainfall and associated crop failures. ==================================================

(4ai) Soil pollution is the contamination of soil with harmful substances, chemicals, or pollutants, which adversely affect its quality and fertility, making it unsuitable for plant growth and posing risks to human health and the environment.

(4aii) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Conversion of sewage to useful fertilizer (ii) Conversion of chemical waste into harmless biodegradable substances (iii) Wastewater Treatment (iv) Implementing and enforcing strict environmental regulations (v) Controlling the use of agrochemicals

(4b) (i) Collection and Preparation of Soil Sample (ii) Determination of Soil Moisture Content: (iii) Soil Particle Size Analysis (iv) Soil Chemical Analysis

(4c) DRAW THE TABLE: SURFACE DRAINAGE: Advantages: (i) Removes excess water from the soil, preventing waterlogging and improving aeration. (ii) Reduces the risk of root diseases caused by excessive soil moisture. (iii) Improves soil structure and promotes better root development.

Disadvantages: (i) Potential soil erosion due to increased water flow on the surface. (ii) Loss of nutrients and organic matter through water runoff. (iii) Can alter natural hydrological patterns and affect aquatic ecosystems downstream. ================================================

(Answer Only ONE Question From This Section)

(5ai) The area of the farmland is 1,960cm²

(5aii) 1 mound = 2m² But 1m = 100cm

2m = 200cm 2m² = 40,000cm

Number of mounds = 40,000/1,960

= 20 mounds

(5aiii) Total number of setts needed:

Seed rate is 5,000 setts/ha, which means 5,000 setts are needed for one hectare of land (1 hectare = 10,000 m²).

To calculate the total number of setts needed for the mounds: Total setts needed = Number of mounds x Seed rate per mound.

Total setts needed = 20 mounds x 5,000 setts/mound = 755,000 setts.

(5aiv) (i) Intercropping (ii) Crop Rotation (iii) Mixed Cropping

(5b) (PICK ANY THREE) (i) Trees contribute organic matter to the soil through leaf litter, enhancing soil fertility and structure. (ii) Trees provide shade to crops, protecting them from excessive heat and sunburn. (iii) Trees act as windbreaks, reducing wind erosion and protecting soil from being carried away by strong winds. (iv) Trees create a habitat for various wildlife and beneficial organisms, enhancing biodiversity on the farm. (v) Trees help in nutrient cycling by absorbing and releasing nutrients through their roots and leaves, benefiting neighboring crops.

(5c) (PICK ANY THREE) (i) Calapogonium (ii) Centrasema (iii) Pureria (iv) Witchgrass (v) Hairy Bittercress ====================================================

(6a) (i) Mulching: Mulching is done in yam production to retain soil moisture, control weed growth, and regulate soil temperature, which ultimately promotes better root development and higher yields.

(ii) Staking: Staking yam plants is done to provide support for the climbing vines, preventing them from trailing on the ground, reducing the risk of damage, and making it easier to manage the crop.

(iii) Training of Vine: Training yam vines involves guiding and directing their growth to climb along support structures like stakes or trellises. This practice improves sunlight exposure, enhances aeration, and ensures efficient space utilization in the field, resulting in healthier and more productive yam plants.

(6b) (i) Elephant grass – Pennisetum purpureum (ii) Carpet grass – Axonopus affinis (iii) Stylo – Stylosanthes spp. (iv) Puero – Pueraria phaseoloides

(6c) (i) Soil Improvement: Some weeds have deep roots that help break up compacted soil, improve soil structure, and enhance nutrient absorption. (ii) Organic Matter Source: When managed properly, certain weeds can serve as green manure or compost material, adding organic matter to the soil. (iii) Fodder for Animal: Some of the Weeds have good palatable taste.which make the a good fodder for farm animals (iv) Erosion Control: In certain cases, weeds can act as ground cover, reducing soil erosion caused by wind and water runoff.

(6di) Area of the farmland:

Area (A) = Length (L) x Width (W). Given that the length (L) = 30 m and width (W) = 60 m. Area (A) = 30 m x 60 m = 1800m².

(6dii) Plant population in the farmland:

Spacing of the vegetable is 30 cm by 30 cm. To calculate the plant population, divide the total area by the area occupied by each plant (spacing).

Area occupied by each plant = 0.3 m x 0.3 m = 0.09 m².

Plant population = Total area of farmland / Area occupied by each plant.

Plant population = 1800 m² / 0.09 m² = 20,000 plants.

The plant population in the farmland is 20,000 plants. ====================================================

(Answer Only ONE Question From This Section) (7a) (PCK ANY FOUR) (i) Health and Vitality: Choose rabbits that are healthy, active, and free from genetic disorders or diseases. (ii) Reproductive Performance: Select rabbits with a history of good reproductive performance, including high fertility and litter size. (iii) Conformation and Size: Consider the conformation (body shape) and size of the rabbits, aiming for well-balanced and appropriate-sized individuals for the breed standard. (iv) Temperament: Opt for rabbits with a calm and gentle temperament, as this can make handling and management easier. (v) Genetic Background: Assess the genetic background and pedigree of the rabbits to ensure they have desirable traits and do not carry undesirable genetic defects. (vi) Prolificacy: Rabbits selected should be highly prolific ie rabbits with the ability to give birth to many offsprings at a time

(7b) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Temperature Control (ii) Humidity Control (iii) Egg Turning (iv) Adequate Ventilation (v) Candling (vi) Egg Positioning

(7c) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Environmental Temperature: Hot weather or high temperatures increase water loss through sweating and panting, leading to higher water intake. (ii) Feed Type and Composition: The moisture content and composition of the feed influence the animal’s water needs. (iii) Physiological State: Pregnant, lactating, and growing animals generally have higher water requirements. (iv) Activity Level: Animals with higher activity levels, such as working or exercising animals, may require more water to stay hydrated. (v) Diet Composition: Diets high in salt or certain nutrients may increase water intake to maintain electrolyte balance. (vi) Water Quality: Poor water quality or contaminated water sources may discourage animals from drinking, reducing water intake.

(7d) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Amylase (ii) Protease (iii) Lipase (iv) Sucrase (v) Maltase (vi) Lactase ===================================================

(8a) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Transport of Oxygen: Blood carries oxygen from the lungs or respiratory surfaces to all body tissues, ensuring cellular respiration and energy production. (ii) Transport of Nutrients: Blood delivers nutrients (glucose, amino acids, fatty acids) absorbed from the digestive system to various tissues and organs for growth and maintenance. (iii) Removal of Waste Products: Blood carries metabolic waste products (carbon dioxide, urea) to the excretory organs (lungs and kidneys) for elimination from the body. (iv) Immune Response: Blood contains white blood cells and antibodies that defend the body against infections and diseases. (v) Regulation of Body Temperature: Blood helps regulate body temperature by absorbing and distributing heat throughout the body. (vi) Blood Clotting: Blood contains platelets and clotting factors that help prevent excessive bleeding and promote wound healing when injuries occur.

(8bi) Hides: (i) Hides are used to produce leather, a valuable material widely used in the manufacturing of various products, including shoes, bags, belts, and furniture. (ii) Collagen extracted from hides is used in the production of gelatin, which finds applications in the food industry for making gummy candies, desserts, and capsules.

(8bii) Eggs: (i) Eggs are a valuable source of high-quality protein, essential amino acids, vitamins (such as vitamin B12 and vitamin D), and minerals (like selenium). (ii) Egg-based vaccines and certain medications, such as some flu vaccines and allergy treatments, are produced using egg components.

(8biii) Tail: (i) Animal tails, particularly from cattle and horses, are used to make fly whisks, which are used to swat flies and other insects. (ii) In some cultures, animal tails are used for decorative or ceremonial purposes, such as traditional clothing or rituals.

(8c) DRAW THE TABLE:

(i) Iodine: FUNCTION: (PICK ANY ONE) -It is an essential component of thyroxine which is crucial for regulating metabolism -It is vital for proper brain development, especially during pregnancy and infancy.

DEFICIENCY: -Goiter

(ii) Magnesium FUNCTION: (PICK ANY ONE) -It is involved in the activation of various enzymes essential for biochemical reactions in the body. -It is required for muscle contraction and relaxation.

DEFICIENCY: -Muscle Cramps

(iii) Calcium FUNCTION: (PICK ANY ONE) (i) It is a major component of bones and teeth, providing strength and structure. (ii) It plays a critical role in muscle contraction, including the heart muscle.

DEFICIENCY: -Hypocalcemia ===============================================

(9a) To calculate the number of days it took for the work to be done in 2017:

In 2015, six labourers completed the work in ten days. Let’s assume that the total work required to prepare the farmland is “W” units.

Work done in 2015 = W units Number of labourers in 2015 = 6 Number of days in 2015 = 10

In 2017, only four labourers were available. Let’s assume the number of days it took to complete the work in 2017 is “d” days.

Work done in 2017 = W units Number of labourers in 2017 = 4 Number of days in 2017 = t (to be determined)

Now, we know that the amount of work done in both years is the same (W units). Therefore, we can set up the following equation based on the work equation:

Work done in 2015 = Work done in 2017

6 labourers x 10 days = 4 labourers x d days

Now, solve for “d”:

6 x 10 = 4 x d

Therefore, it took 15 days for the work to be done in 2017.

If 4 people worked together for 15 days, we can calculate the total work done in terms of man-days as:

Total work done = Number of people x Number of days

Total work done = 4 people x 15 days

Total work done = 60 man-days

So, if 4 people worked together for 15 days, the total work completed would be 60 man-days.

(9aii) (i) Family Labor (ii) Hired or paid labour

(9aiii) (PICK ANY TWO) (i) Labour Attendance Record (ii) Labour Wage and Payment Record (iii) Work Done Record (iv) Safety and Health Record

(9b) (i) Wholesalers (ii) Retailers (iii) producers (iv) cooperative societies

(9c) (i) Limited access to modern equipment and resources in rural areas hinder exytension workers in promoting new agricultural technologies or practices (ii) High level of illiteracy among farmers may slow down the rate of adoption of new innovations (iii) Poor infrastructure, such as bad roads and limited transportation, can hinder extension workers’ mobility and accessibility to remote rural communities. (iv) Unfavourable attitude of rural farmers toward government programmes, makes adoption of new innovations difficult. (v) Language barrier leads to improper dissemination of new innovations (vi) Inadequate resources such as finance and materials tend to hinder his performance. =====================================================

(10a) Scale of preference refers to a ranking or order of individuals’ preferences for different goods and services. It represents the way people make choices based on their desires and needs, given their limited resources or income. In essence, individuals assign relative importance to various options and make decisions to maximize their utility or satisfaction.

(10bi) To calculate the elasticity of demand, we use the formula: Elasticity of demand = Percentage change in quantity demanded / Percentage change in price

Given data: Quantity demanded in 2012 (Q1) = 59,800 grape fruits Price in 2012 (P1) = N450 per basket

Quantity demanded in 2018 (Q2) = 28,500 grape fruits Price in 2018 (P2) = N750 per basket

Now, calculate the percentage change in quantity demanded: Percentage change in quantity demanded = ((Q2 – Q1) / Q1) x 100

Percentage change in quantity demanded = ((28,500 – 59,800) / 59,800) x 100

= -31,300/59,800 x 100 = -0.52 x 100 = -52 Percentage change in quantity demanded ≈ -52%

Next, calculate the percentage change in price: Percentage change in price = ((P2 – P1) / P1) x 100 Percentage change in price = ((750 – 450) / 450) x 100

= 300/450 x 100 = 0.67 x 100 = 67 Percentage change in price = 67%

Now, calculate the elasticity of demand: Elasticity of demand ≈ (-52% / 67%) = -0.76

(10bii) The demand for grape fruits is inelastic. This is because the calculated elasticity of demand (-0.76) is less than 1.

(10biii) (i) Price of Substitutes (ii) Consumer Income (iii) Consumer Preferences and Tastes

(10biv) (i) Sales Record (ii) Inventory Record

(10c) (i) Visual Learning: Demonstrations offer a visual learning experience, making it easier for the audience to understand complex concepts and techniques through practical examples.

(ii) Active Participation: Demonstrations encourage active participation, allowing the audience to engage directly in the learning process by observing and performing tasks.

(iii) Practical Skills Development: Participants can learn and practice specific skills in real-time, enhancing their competency and confidence in applying the knowledge in their own settings.

(iv) Better Retention: Visual and hands-on learning experiences are known to improve information retention, as participants can see and experience the subject matter firsthand.

(v) Problem-Solving Opportunities: Demonstrations provide opportunities for participants to observe problem-solving techniques and responses to challenges, which they can apply in similar situations.

(vi) Addressing Language Barriers: Demonstrations can transcend language barriers, as they rely more on visual cues and actions rather than verbal communication, making them suitable for diverse audiences.

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Note: The answers below are for the 2022 NECO exam

NECO Agriculture Practice Questions and Answers

The questions below are not exactly 2023 NECO Agric science questions and answers but likely NECO Agric repeated questions and answers.

These questions are strictly for practice. The 2023 NECO Agric expo will be posted on this page on the day of the NECO Agriculture examination. Keep checking and reloading this page for the answers.

 1. Oestrogen in female animals is not responsible for

A. development of secondary sexual characteristics

B. on set of heat period

C. milk let–down after parturition

D. development of udder

2. A beef cow gained 75 kg over a period of two months and two days. What is its average weight gain?

A. 0.83 kg

B. 1.21 kg

C. 1.28 kg

D. 2. 25kg

3. A disadvantage of natural incubation is that

A. the eggs cannot be candled

B. the chicks are less healthy

C. the brooding hens sometimes abandon the eggs

D. it takes a longer time for eggs to hatch

4. Ruminants fed on dried grasses are given feed supplements to

A. increase in water intake

B. provide bulk to feed

C. reduce microbial activity

D. provide deficient nutrients

5. Which of the following animal disease is not associated with malnutrition?

A. Aspergillosis

B. Acidosis

C. Milk fever

D. Rickets

6. The type of energy obtained from the sun for agricultural uses is known as

A. potential energy

B. mechanical energy

C. nuclear energy

D. solar energy

E. kinetic energy

7. Which of the following implements will be used for the next farm operation after clearing a new farmland?

A. harrow

B. ridger

C. cultivator

D. planter

E. plough

8. Which of the following cannot be used to rub the metal parts of farm tools before storage?

A. grease

B. palm oil

C. water

D. petroleum jelly

E. spent engine oil

9. The common surveying equipment for farmland include the following except

A. ranging pole

B. prismatic compass

C. measuring tape

D. gunter’s chain

E. spade

10. An example of fungal disease of stored grains is

A. rosette

B. wilt

C. soft rot

D. damping off

E. mould

11. Which of the following farm animals possess a pair of caeca?

A. pigs

B. cattle

C. sheep

D. rabbits

E. fowls

12. The head of the tapeworm is known as the

A. sucker

B. rostellum

C. scolex

D. hook

E. segment

13. Which of the following is not a function of the ruminal microorganism?

A. digestion of cellulose

B. conversion of plant proteins into microbial protein

C. production of vitamin B

D. production of gas in the rumen

E. eructation of the ruminal gas

14. Which of the following factors would you consider the least important for the successful incubation of eggs?

A. light

B. temperature

C. ventilation

D. relative humidity

E. turning of the egg

15. In which area of Nigeria is the kuri breed of cattle commonly found?

A. borno

B. sokoto

C. plateau

D. obudu

E. oyo north

16. Which of the following activities is not a marketing function?

A. Buying of agricultural commodities

B. planting of crops

C. transporting of farm produce

D. storage of farm produce

17. Risks on commercial farms could result from

A. price stability

B. crop failure

C. insurance

D. diversification

18. An agricultural extension officer should be able to

A. create new jobs for farmers

B. raise funds for farmers

C. cultivate a large farm

D. guide and educate farmers

19. An agricultural extension officer should be able to

20. An agricultural extension officer should be able to

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How To Pass NECO Agric Science Examination

The National Examination Council (NECO) is a body in charge of the Senior Secondary School Certificate Examination.

The Certificate offered here is a very important credential that awards or certifies the completion of your Secondary School Education.

It is a major document that qualifies you into any tertiary institution and is equally a major factor affecting admission today.

For this reason, every Student preparing for this examination NECO 2023 is preparing for something great.

Care should be taken when participating in this examination in other not to come out with bad grades. The following are the key answers to  NECO Agric 2023.

1. Be Determined to Pass

The NECO 2023 Agricultural Science is mainly for those who have made up their mind to pass it with a good grade.

Any candidate who, at this point in time, has not made up his or her mind to make the excellent grade in the forthcoming NECO 2023 Agric Science is actually not ready to pass.

Your mind should be ready for the task ahead, do not follow lazy friends who believe in a miracle on the day of the exams, stay positive and study your books.

2. Have self-confidence

Self-confidence is another factor that affects a candidate’s performance. Promise to do it all by yourself and everything will come out very simple for you.

It is a well-known fact that many students cancel the right answers just to copy the wrong ones because of a lack of self-confidence. Study and pray hard and you are the miracle for the day.

3. Start Studying Early

Studying is very important in your life as a student. NECO is a very simple Exam to deal with as long as studies are involved. Studying is one thing and studying on time is another thing entirely.

Do not wait for the NECO 2023 Agriculture exams to be so close before you start studying for them. Late preparation will not really help you. When you start studying early there will be time for you to revise before the exams.

2. Make Use the NECO 2023 Syllabus

Using the NECO 2023 syllabus is very essential as it will guide you on major topics to cover. Studying without the Syllabus will make you focus on unnecessary topics that will not appear in the exams.

Also, most of the Agricultural Science topics you have not done in class are there in the NECO syllabus.

3. Pray to God Your Creator

Many think that they can do it all alone without God. The Almighty God is your creator, seek His assistance and He will never fail to help you. Your faith in God determines your success. God is there for you, call upon Him.

4. Adhere to exams instructions.

Any student who is not ready to adhere to the examination conducts is planning to fail. The majority of NECO Candidates that have their results held are from those that were not ready to follow the Exam instructions.

5. Use Your Time Wisely.

It is a well-known fact that NECO Agric requires a lot of time, manage the little time given to you wisely. Consider the number of questions you are to answer and the time given so that you can time wisely.

6. Be punctual to the examination venue

Punctuality matters during the exams. Go to the exam venue early so that your brain can settle for the task. Rushing to the exam hall will make you unstable for the exam and can prone you to so many mistakes.

Take time to go through the exam question paper before you start answering. NECO Agriculture Questions and Answers

If you have any questions about the 2023 NECO Agric Science questions and answers, do well to let us know in the comment box.

Last Updated on July 19, 2023 by Admin

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58 thoughts on “NECO Agric Questions and Answers 2023/2024 (Essay and Objectives)”

Pls help me sir

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Me too make it snappy

Mathematics questions please

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NECO Agric Questions and Answers 2023 (100% Sure) Theory & Obj Solution

Get free Verified NECO Agric Questions and Answers 2023.  NECO June/July Free Agric EXPO answers.  National Examination Council Agricultural science Theory and Objective Answers for you to have good NECO result. You will also understand how NECO Agric questions are set and how to answer them. The National Examination Council is an examination body in Nigeria that conducts the Senior Secondary Certificate Examination and the General Certificate in Education in June/July and November/December respectively.

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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE QUESTIONS SECTION (A)

(1a) State four Reasons For the enforcement of land use by legistration by government in Nigeria

(1b) Give four ways Non-Governmental Organisations Contribute to the bee Production in Nigeria

(1c) Enumerate Four Advantages of using  tree puller over bulldozer for land preparation

(1d) List Four Major consideration in locating farm house During Farmstead Planning

(2a) Mention Four Ways by which the application of science and technology has contributed to high food production in Nigeria

(2b) Enumerate four major factors that are responsible for the low cattle production in southern Nigeria

(2c)Give Four Reasons For planning a farmland Before Establishment

(2d) List four Farm Operations That require wind Power

SECTION (B) (3a) State four principles of crop rotation

(3b) State one Difference between the following ecological association (i)Commensalism and Symbiosis (ii)Predation and Parasitism

(3c)List Four Benefits of rocks in Agriculture

(3d)Mention Four Advantages of irrigation

AGRIC-ANSWERS

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AGRIC-Obj 01-10: BCDDCCAABE 11-20: ECACCEEAAD 21-30: DEEDDCCAAD 31-40: CEEACBAACD 41-50: EDEEACAEDE 51-60: AADACDCCAA Solved by joberplanet.com COMPLETED!!

AGRIC SCIENCE ANSWERS INSTRUCTION: ANSWER FIVE QUESTIONS IN ALL, ONE FROM EACH SECTION

(1a) (i) To control land use and prevent land degradation (ii) To promote sustainable land use practices (iii) To ensure equitable distribution of land resources (iv) To protect the environment and biodiversity

(1b) (i) Providing training and education on beekeeping practices (ii) Promoting the use of modern beekeeping technologies (iii) Advocating for policies that support beekeeping (iv) Providing financial support to beekeepers

(1c) (i) Reduced soil erosion and compaction (ii) Preservation of topsoil and soil structure (iii) Reduced environmental impact (iv) Preservation of beneficial microorganisms in the soil

(1d) (i) Accessibility to the farm fields (ii) Availability of water and electricity (iii) Proximity to the market and transportation routes (iv) The natural features of the land such as slope, soil type, and drainage

(3a) (i) Crop rotation involves the regular alternation of different crops on a piece of land to improve soil fertility and crop yields. (ii) It involves the rotation of leguminous crops with non-leguminous crops to fix nitrogen in the soil. (iii) It involves the rotation of crops with different rooting depths to improve soil structure and moisture retention. (iv) It involves the rotation of crops with different nutrient requirements to avoid nutrient depletion in the soil.

(3b) (i) Commensalism is a type of ecological association where one organism benefits while the other is neither harmed nor benefited. Symbiosis, on the other hand, is a type of ecological association where two organisms live together in a close relationship. (ii) Predation is a type of ecological association where one organism (predator) kills and eats another (prey) for food While Parasitism is a type of ecological association where one organism (parasite) benefits at the expense of the other (host).

(3c) (i) Rocks provide a natural source of minerals and nutrients to the soil. (ii) They help to improve soil drainage and aeration. (iii) Rocks can help to reduce soil erosion and water runoff. (iv) They can also help to regulate soil temperature and moisture content.

(3d) (i) Irrigation helps to provide water to crops during periods of drought or low rainfall. (ii) It helps to increase crop yields and improve crop quality. (iii) Irrigation can help to reduce soil salinity and improve soil fertility. (iv) It can also help to extend the growing season and increase the variety of crops that can be grown.

(6a) (i) Mulching helps to conserve soil moisture, suppress weed growth, and improve soil fertility. (ii) Staking helps to support the yam vines and prevent them from falling over, which can improve yields and prevent damage to the yam tubers. (iii) Training of vine helps to direct the growth of the yam vines and prevent them from becoming tangled, which can improve yields and make harvesting easier.

(6b) (i) Elephant grass – Pennisetum purpureum (ii) Carpet grass – Axonopus compressus (iii) Stylo – Stylosanthes guianensis (iv) Puero – Pueraria phaseoloides

(6c) (i) Weeds can help to improve soil fertility by adding organic matter and nutrients to the soil. (ii) Weeds can provide habitat and food for beneficial insects and wildlife. (iii) Weeds can help to prevent soil erosion by protecting the soil surface from wind and water. (iv) Some weeds have medicinal properties and can be used for traditional medicine.

(6d) Farmland calculations:

(i) Area of the farmland: Length = 60m Width = 30m

Area = Length × Width Area = 60m × 30m Area = 1800m²

(ii) Plant population in the farmland: Spacing = 30cm by 30cm

To calculate the number of plants, we need to convert the spacing to meters: 30cm = 30/100 = 0.3m

Plant population = (Length in meters / Spacing in meters) × (Width in meters / Spacing in meters) Plant population = (60m / 0.3m) × (30m / 0.3m) Plant population = 200 × 100 Plant population = 20,000 plants Therefore, the plant population in the farmland is 20,000.

(7a) (i) Health status of the rabbit (ii) Age and weight of the rabbit (iii) Reproductive history of the rabbit (iv) Conformation and breed of the rabbit

(7b) (i) Proper temperature and humidity control (ii) Regular turning of the eggs (iii) Adequate ventilation (iv) Proper sanitation and disinfection of equipment

(7c) (i) Environmental temperature (ii) Feed intake (iii) Type of feed and its nutrient content (iv) Physiological state of the animal (e.g. lactation, growth, pregnancy)

(7d) (i) Amylase – breaks down carbohydrates (ii) Protease – breaks down proteins (iii) Lipase – breaks down fats (iv) Nuclease – breaks down nucleic acids

(10a) Scale of preference refers to the order in which an individual or society ranks different wants or needs in order of importance.

(10b) (i) Elasticity of demand = [(Q2 – Q1) / ((Q2 + Q1) / 2)] / [(P2 – P1) / ((P2 + P1) / 2)] = [(28,500 – 59,800) / ((28,500 + 59,800) / 2)] / [(750 – 450) / ((750 + 450) / 2)] = -0.77 (ii) The demand for grape fruits is inelastic. (iii) Three factors that may affect the demand of grape fruit are: 1. Price of grape fruits 2. Availability of substitutes 3. Consumer income levels (iv) Two farm accounts where the information will be documented are: 1. Sales ledger 2. Inventory ledger

(10c) (i) Demonstrations can help farmers learn new skills and techniques. (ii) Demonstrations can be used to show the benefits of new technologies or practices. (iii) Demonstrations can help farmers to see the results of different management strategies. (iv) Demonstrations can be used to encourage farmers to adopt new practices or technologies. (v) Demonstrations can be an effective way to build relationships with farmers. (vi) Demonstrations can be used to gather feedback and evaluate the effectiveness of extension programme.

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NECO Agric Questions And Answers 2023 | Essay And Objectives

NECO Agric Questions and Answers for 2023 is here

The complete NECO Agric Questions and Answers for 2023 is what I am going to reveal to you in this article. Do not leave this page if you are a candidate of this examination and you would like to see the complete questions and answers before the time of the examination.

I have discovered that a lot of NECO Agricultural Science Candidate have been searching so hard to see what the National Examination Council (NECO) is going to set in the agric. Examination for 2023 June/July examination.

For this reason, I gone a long way to get the complete NECO Agric Questions with the correct answers for the 2023 examination. This is to assist those who are ready to have excellent result at the end of the examination.

If you are sure that you will be sitting for this examination or that you have someone who is going to write the examination and you would like to get more detail about the NECO Agric Questions and Answers for 2023, make sure that you  read this article from the beginning to the end.

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NECO Agric Questions and Answers for 2023

Neco agric objective questions for 2023, neco agric objective answers for 2023, neco agric theory answers for 2022, related links:, tips on how to pass neco agric. examination.

This section of the article is made up of the objective questions for 2022 NECO Agricultural Science examination. They include the following:

1. Land Use Act contributes to the success of agriculture in Nigeria by

A. allocating farmlands to co-operatives

B. granting loans for land acquisition

C. initiating soil conservation techniques

D. monitoring farm settlement schemes

E. providing security to land ownership

2. The “Operation Feed the Nation” is an example of government agricultural

B. programme

D. regulation

3. The first form of settled agriculture practiced by man is

A. bush fallowing

B. crop rotation

C. mono cropping

D. multiple cropping

E. shifting cultivation

See also:  NECO Biology Questions and Answers for 2023 | Essay and Objectives

4. The main purpose of mulching is to

A. decrease the evaporation of moisture from the soil.

B. discourage leaching

C. encourage erosion menace

D. prevent insect pests from attacking plants

E. provide support for the plant.

5. Soil texture affects agricultural production in the following ways EXCEPT that it

A. affects the activities of soil micro organisms.

B. affects the relative proportion of air and water in soil.

C. determines the type of soil in an area

D. determines the level of soil fertility

E. determines the type of crops to be grown.

6. The relative amount of sand, silt and clay in a soil sample is referred to as soil

A. consistence

B. plasticity

D. structure

7. The amount of water held in the soil after excess water has drained away is termed

A. field capacity

B. gravitational

C. hydroscopic

D. hygroscopic

E. surface tension

8. 80cm of water was poured through a funnel containing a soil sample. At the end of 1hour 60cm³ of water drained out. What is the percentage of water retained in the soil?

9. The upward movement of water in the soil is termed

A. capillarity

C. hygroscopic

D. percolation

E. porosity

Read Also:  NECO Mathematics Questions and Answers for 2023 | Theories & Objective

10. Which of the following is NOT a reason for embarking on irrigation practice?

A. Encouraging disease build up

B. Encouraging the survival of crops during drought

C. Increasing crop yield

D. Making early planting possible

E. Providing moisture for plants’ growth

11. Guano is an organic manure obtained from

12. Edaphic factors which affect agricultural production include the following EXCEPT soil

A. moisture.

C. structure

D. temperature

13. Rocks are classified based on

B. mineral component

C. mode of formation

14. The application of heat and pressure change coal to

B. graphite

D. quartzite

15. A plant which shows complete yellowness of leaves is deficient in

B. magnesium

C. nitrogen.

D. phosphorus.

E. potassium.

16. The introduction of ____________power brought about a sizeable reduction in the work-hour requirements in the farm.

B. electricity

D. mechanical

17. Which of the following is NOT considered during farmstead planning?

A. Accessibility

B. Marketability

C. Orientation

D. Soil type

E. Topography

18. The main source of power on subsistence farms is

A. bullock.

B. electricity.

D. tractor.

E. windmill.

19. Combine harvester is usually used for harvesting

A. groundnut.

E. tomatoes.

20. Cowpea mosaic disease is caused by

A. bacteria

C. nematode

D. protozoa

21. Which of these crops can be propagated by grafting?

E. Plantain

22. Which of the following is NOT a pest of maize?

A. Army worm

C. Millipede

E. Stem borer

23. Formation of irregular galls on roots is a characteristic symptom of a disease caused by

A. bacterium

24. Which of the following is NOT a beneficial effect of weed control?

A. Elimination of alternate host of pest and diseases

B. Increase in evapotranspiration

C. Increase in yield of crops

D. Reduction of crop products contamination

E. Removal of overcrowding of crops

25. The study of forest trees and other related trees is known as

A. agriculture

B. floriculture

C. horticulture

D. olericulture

E. silviculture

26. The practice of supporting crop plant with sticks so as to expose their leaves to the sun is referred to as

A. mulching

D. supplying

E. thinning

27. Citrus is harvested with a

B. go-to-hell

28. The temperature range for the production of maize is

A. 10-15°C.

B. 15-20°C.

C. 20-25°C.

D. 25 -30°C.

E. 30-35°C.

29. The following are necessary conditions for choosing a vegetable site EXCEPT

A. accessibility to buyers

B. fertility of the soil

C. infestation with weeds

D. nearness to water supply.

E. water logged-free soil.

30. Which of these crops does NOT need nursery operation?

31.  Which of these crops can be propagated by cutting?

A. Cauliflower

32. Which of the following is a perennial crop?

33. The sequence of processing cotton is

A. bailing-ginning-grading-drying-crushing

B. bailing-ginning-grading-crushing-drying

C. drying-ginning-grading-bailing-crushing

D. ginning-drying-grading-bailing-crushing

E. ginning-grading-drying-bailing-crushing

34. Which of the following is NOT used for identification purpose in livestock management?

A. Branding

B. Notching

C. Shearing

E. Tattooing

35. The anti-sterility vitamin in livestock nutrition is vitamin

36. The oestrous cycle of a doe is __________days.

37. The disease caused by feeding disorder in animal is called

A. agglutination

C. dysentary

E. enteritis

38. Which of the following breeds of cattle is found predominantly in Northern Nigeria?

D. N’dama

E. White Fulani

39. An animal which continues to make undue noise and climbs other animals is showing signs of

B. ill-health

C. lactation

D. ovulation

E. Parturition

40. The site of milk synthesis and milk secretion in farm animal is called

A. alveolus

B. gland cistern

C. small duct

D. streak canal

E. teat cistern

41. Pasteurization of milk involves the use of

B. disinfectant.

C. electricity.

E. sunshine.

42. Lactation can be stimulated in female animal by a decrease in the level of _____________hormone.

A. lutenizing

B. oestrogen

C. oxytocin

D. progesterone

43. Which of the following farm animals requires the use of wallows in their pens?

44. Which of the following factors will NOT be considered in determining the type of ration fed to an animal?

A. Age of the animal

B. Availability of feed stuff

C. Physiological state of the animal

D. Purpose for which animal is kept

E. Size of the animal

45. Which of the following is NOT a condition necessary for siting a fish pond?

A.  Adequate water supply

B. Availability of fast growing fingerlings

C. Nearness to the market

D. Relative humidity of the area

E. Topography of the area

46. Fry refers to the young of

47. The gestation period of a rabbit is ________days.

48. Fowl is a monogastric animal because it

A. digests fibres and cellulose.

B. does not chew-the-cud at all.

C. has a four stomach compartments.

D. regurgitates digestible feed always.

E. utilizes non-protein nitrogen substances.

49. Which of these diseases is caused by virus?

B. Aspergilosis

C. Brucellosis

D. Rinder pest

E.Tuberculosis

50. Which of the following is NOT a component of balanced diet in livestock management?

A. Carbohydrate

B. Fat and oil

51. Which of the following is an enzyme that converts fats and oil to fatty acids and glycerol?

52. Which of the following is NOT an economic importance of liver fluke? It

A. causes abdominal pains

B. causes bilharzia

C. causes liver rot

D. leads to loss of blood

E. obstructs the bile ducts

53. Which of the following is a pasture legume?

A. Andropogon gayanus

B. Cynodon dactylon

C. Imperata cylindrical

D. Panicum maximum

E. Stylosanthes gracitis

54. The following are fixed assets EXCEPT

A. cash at hand

B. farm tools

D. machines

E. vehicle.

55. The record which contains the assets and liability of a farm is

.A. farm diary

B. farm inventory

C. input record.

D. output record

E. production record

56. The annual depreciation of a tractor purchased in year 2000 at the cost of N800,000 and sold off in 2008 at the cost of N400,000

57. Which of the following is NOT a marketing function?

A. Advertisement

C. Packaging

E. Transportation

58. Which of the following is both a visual and spoken form of extension method?

A. Bulletin

B. Magazine

C. Method demonstration

D. Office call

59. The first stage that an individual moves through in terms of adopting improved practice is

A. adoption

B. awareness

C. evaluation

D. interest

60. Which of the following is a mass media method in extension?

B. Excursion

D. Pamphlet

E. Symposium

Now that you have seen the expected NECO Agric objective questions for the 2023 examination, follow me as I also show you the correct answers to all the questions you saw earlier.

The table below presents the answers to NECO Agric Objective Questions for 2023.

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NECO Agric Theory Questions for 2023

Answer ONE question from this Section

1.     (a) List SIX provisions of the Land Use Act of 1978.

(b) Mention THREE advantages and THREE disadvantages of Land Use Act.

(c)    (i) Define Land tenure. (2marks)

(ii) List TWO advantages of communal land tenure. (2marks)

2. (a) Enumerate EIGHT problems of agricultural mechanization

in Nigeria. (8marks)

(b) Mention TWO functions each of these farm implement:

(i) ridger. (2marks)

(ii) disc harrow. (2marks)

(iii) combine harvester. (2marks)

(iv) spring-tine cultivator. (2marks)

3. (a) In a tabular form, state FIVE differences between sand and clay soils. (10marks)

(b) List TWO physical properties of soil.

(c) Mention FOUR importance of soil texture in agriculture.

4. (a) Name FOUR materials that can be used to correct soil acidity.

(b)i. List TWO characteristics of metamorphic rock.

ii. Mention FOUR economic importance of rock in agriculture. (4marks)

(c) Explain the following terms:

(i) hygroscopic water. (2marks)

(ii) capillary water. (2marks)

(iii) gravitational water. (2marks)

5.(a) (i) Mention FOUR stages in the processing of cocoa. (4marks)

(ii)List THREE cultural practices carried out in the production of cocoa. (3marks)

(b) Enumerate THREE diseases that affect the production of cowpea. (3marks)

(c) Discuss maize rust disease under the following headings:

(i) Causal organism (1marks)

(ii) Mode of transmission (1marks)

(iii) TWO symptoms (2marks)

(iv) TWO control measures. (2marks)

6.(a) State FOUR effects of diseases on crop production. (4marks)

(b) Discuss the following methods of controlling diseases in crop:

(i) biological control method. (2marks)

(ii) cultural control method. (2marks)

(c) List FOUR side effects of chemical control method of

controlling pest. (4marks)

(d) Explain the following forest management practices:

(i) selective exploration. (2marks)

(ii) forest regulation. (2marks)

(7) (a) Enumerate FIVE ways of maintaining a fish pond. (5marks)

(b) State FIVE importance of fish farming. (5marks)

(c) List SIX factors that could predispose animals to diseases.

 (6marks)

(8a) (i) What is a range land? (2marks)

(ii) Mention TWO characteristics of a range land. (2marks)

(iii)Give TWO reasons for the need of a grass-legume mixture in a range land. (2marks)

(b) Describe the process of egg formation in the following parts of the reproductive system of a fowl:

(i) Infundibulum (2marks)

(ii) Magnum (2marks)

(iii) Isthmus (2marks)

(iv) Uterus (2marks)

(c) List TWO minerals needed for the formation of egg shell.

(9a) (i) Define agricultural credit (2marks)

 (ii) State TWO differences between agricultural credit and agricultural subsidy. (2marks)

(iii) Mention FOUR farm inputs commonly subsidized by Government (2marks)

(b) Mention THREE disadvantages of agricultural co-operative societies. (3marks)

(c) List FIVE reasons why farmers find it difficult to obtain bank loans. (5marks)

10. Assuming the farmers in a village were categorized according to their rate of adoption of new ideas as follows:

Innovators: 10

Early adopters: 10

Late adopters: 60

Never adopters: 20

(a (i) Calculate the ratio of late adopters to early adopters (1marks)

(ii) State FIVE reasons for the high number of late adopters. (1marks)

(iii) Mention TWO reasons for the low ratio of early adoptions.

(b) State FOUR contributions of an extension agent to the success of Agriculture in Nigeria. (4marks)

(c) Mention FOUR problems that face the success of extension services in Nigeria. (4marks)

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Special Instructions to All NECO Agric. Science Candidates

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE PART I (60 MARKS)

Do NOT open this booklet until you are told to do so. While you are waiting, read the following instructions carefully.

This part will last for 1 hour.

1. Use HB pencil throughout.

2. Complete the top section of your answer sheet as follows:

(a) In the space marked Candidate’s Name, write in capital letters your surnamed followed by your other names.

(b) In the space marked School Name write the name of your school, and in the space

marked subject Name write AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE.

(c) In the box marked Subject Code, write down the digits 7012 in the spaces. There are wojego numbered spaces in line with each digit. Shade carefully the space with the same number as each digit.

(d) In the box marked Examination Number, write down your examination number in the spaces at the top of the box. Shade the corresponding numbered spaces in the same way as for Subject Code.

3. An example is given below. This is for a candidate whose name is ABBAS Tunde Obi , with serial number 0010 , examination number 65432100BD , and who is offering Mathematics I (5011).

In this section, I will be showing you the things you are expected to do if you want to pass NECO Agric examination. They include the following:

.1. Follow the Syllabus

If you must pass very well in the NECO agric examination, it is very important that you do not take the National Examination Council (NECO) syllabus for agriculture for granted. The syllabus is what is going to guide you as prepare for the examination.

With the syllabus, you will be reading only those topics in agric where NECO examination questions are definitely going to come out from and that will contribute highly to your good performance during the examination.

2. Read Instruction

Any candidate that will be writing NECO agriculture examination and expects to get good score must take any instruction given about the examination very serious.

Important instructions that you must follow are usually given on the front pages of the question paper for every section. Make sure that you do not ignore any of them so that you won’t make any mistake that will cost you your scores.

3. Complete Your Question

As you have started writing your examination, make sure that you do not submit any incompletely answered questions. To get your full total marks, you should answer the required questions and must be able to present the answers the way it is expected from you by the examiners.

Get more tips :  How to Pass your NECO Examination at One Sitting

I hope that you have enjoyed reading the information provided for you in this article. For any other assistance about NECO Agric Questions and Answers for 2023, kindly make use of the comment section below this article.

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2023 NECO Agricultural Science Questions and Answers

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(Essay and Objectives)

2023 NECO Agricultural Science Answers: Get the NECO 2023 Agricultural Science   Questions and answers for 2023 Paper 2 and 3 ( Essay and Objectives ) .

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Neco 2023 agricultural science objectives solutions.

AGRIC OBJ 01-10: BCDDCCAABE 11-20: ECACCEEAAD 21-30: DEEDDCCAAD 31-40: CEEACBAACD 41-50: EDEEACAEDE 51-60: AADACDCCAA

NECO 2023 Agricultural Science Essay Solutions

🌎 2023 NECO AGRIC ESSAY ANSWERS 🌎

(1a) {CHOOSE ANY BEST 4} (i) Security of Tenure: It is to safeguard farmers against unreasonable eviction. (ii) Ensuring Proper Land Use: This is ensure that agricultural land is not unnecessarily diverted to non agricultural purposes. (iii) Government Projects: This is to make large tracts of land available for government sponsored development of large scale farms or resettlement schemes. (iv) Influence on Size of Holdings: It is to prevent land fragmentation and encourage the consolidation of small holdings into large units. (v) Control of Production: It is to encourage the production of certain produce and curtail the production of other through the control of land use.

(1b) (i) Education and Training: NGOs conduct workshops, training sessions, and awareness programs to educate beekeepers, farmers, and local communities about the importance of bees and sustainable beekeeping practices. (ii) Access to Improved Beekeeping Equipment: Many NGOs work to provide beekeepers with modern and improved beekeeping equipment, such as beehives, protective gear, smokers, and honey extractors. (iii) Research and Development: NGOs often conduct research on bee-related issues, such as bee diseases, habitat loss, and environmental threats. (iv) Establishment of Beekeeping Cooperatives: NGOs facilitate the formation of beekeeping cooperatives to encourage collective efforts and resource-sharing among beekeepers.

(1c) {CHOOSE ANY BEST 3} (i) Tree puller does not compress the soil. (ii) It does not remove the top soil which is very fertile. (iii) The removal of the soil cover is avoided, thy retaining mulching effects of vegetative cover. (iv) Land is less prone to erosive forces. (v) The organic matter content of the soil is retained. (vi) It leads to no na destruction of soil structure.

(1d) {CHOOSE ANY BEST 4} (i) Topography. (ii) Soil type. (iii) Accessibility. (iv) Water Supply. (v) Health/Hygiene. (vi) Nearness to the Market. (vii) Drainage.

(3a) {CHOOSE ANY BEST 4} (i) Closely related crops do not follow each other in the same sequence, since such crops will be drawing the same type of nutrients from the soil. e.g. Maize should not be followed by rice or sorghum in rotation. (ii) Deep rooted crops should not follow each other in the same sequence. Therefore, deep rooted crops should be followed by shallow rooted crops. For examples, yam should be followed by maize. (iii) Crops of the same family should not follow each other, since they will be susceptible to the same diseases and pests. e.g. maize, wheat, rice, sorghum and millet. (iv) Period of fallow should be included in the rotational course, as thus will help to replenish the soil fertility. (v) During fallowing, leguminous crops may be planted for building up more nitrogen.

(3c) {CHOOSE ANY BEST 4} (i) Formation of soil. (ii) Source of plant nutrients. (iii) Construction Purposes. (iv) Erosion Control. (v) Obstacles to farm implements. (vi) Sharpening of farm tools.

(3d) {CHOOSE ANY BEST 4} (i) Irrigation softens the soil for easy tillage operations. (ii) It increase crop productivity or crop yield. (iii) Irrigation dissolves nutrients for root absorption. (iv) Irrigation encourages the spread of weed seeds. (v) Irrigation enables the crop to be well established even when rain is erratic.

(6ai) It helps to reduce soil temperature, conserve soil moisture and prevent rotten of yam setts.

(6aii) It ensures adequate exposure of the leaf surface to sunlight and increases yield.

(6aiii) To ensure even spreading and neatness of the vines to receive sunlight.

(6bi) Pennisetum purpureum.

(6bii) Axonopus compressus.

(6biii) Stylosanthes gracilis.

(6biv) Pueraria phaseoloides.

(6c) (i) Weeds help in checking soil erosion. (ii) Some weeds ate useful as food for humans. (iii) Some weeds serve as feed for livestock. (iv) Certain weeds have medicinal properties.

(6d) Loading Low-key

(5ai) * GIVEN: * D=1960cm R=D/2=1960/2cm =>The area of the farmland is A = πr²/4 = π(1960cm/2)²/4 = 3,018,306.92 cm² (5aii) The number of mounds on the farmland is N = A/2m² = 1,509,153.46 mounds (5aiii) The total number of setts needed is S = N * 5000 sett/ha = (N * 5000 sett/ha) * (10,000 m²/ha) = 75,457,673,000 setts (5aiv) (I) intercropping with legumes or vegetables to improve soil fertility and reduce weed growth (II)crop rotation with other crops like maize or cassava to reduce pest and disease pressure (III)mulching to conserve soil moisture and suppress weed growth.

(5b) (i)Selecting appropriate tree species that are compatible with other crops in the system and can provide multiple benefits such as shade, soil improvement, and biodiversity conservation. (ii) Planting trees at the appropriate density and spacing to avoid competition with other crops for resources such as water and nutrients. (iii). Pruning and managing trees regularly to maintain a balance between their growth and the needs of other crops in the system.

(5c) (i) Impatiens spp. (touch-me-nots) (ii) Cardamine hirsuta (hairy bittercress) (iii) Oxalis spp. (wood sorrels)

(8a) {CHOOSE ANY BEST 4} (i) It maintains body temperature by disturbing heat during circulation. (ii) The red blood cell carries oxygen with help of haemoglobin to different parts of the body. (iii) It transports hormones from ductless glands to their areas of activities (iv) It helps to transport digested food to the cells. (v) It also helps to maintain the water level of the body.

(8bi) (i) They serve as source of income to farmers. (ii) They are used in clothing materials, such as jackets.

(8bii) (i) Egg is a source of protein in human food or diet. (ii) Egg is industrially processed and is used to make paints and vanishes of printer’s ink.

(8biii) (i) It is a rich source of protein, e.g. cow tail pepper soup. (ii) It is used for some traditional outings in some societies.

(8c) Loading

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NECO GCE 2023 Agricultural Science Objective and Essay Questions And Answers

December 17, 2023 Wakagist Neco 0

NECO GCE AGRIC SCIENCE

AGRIC OBJ 1-10: CCBBAEBDEB 11-20: ADDECBECBE 21-30: DBCABCBDAE 31-40: DBCDBBADEC 41-50: BCECCDACCC 51-60: BCEADCDBCC

(1ai) -LEASEHOLD- (i) Duration of tenure: Leasehold is a land tenure system where the land is leased or rented for a specific period of time, typically ranging from a few years to several decades. This feature allows for flexibility in land use as the tenant has the right to use the land for a fixed period of time but does not have permanent ownership. (ii) Rent payment: In leasehold, the tenant is required to pay rent to the landowner for the use of the land. The rent may be in the form of cash, crops, or a combination of both. This feature provides income to the landowner and ensures that the tenant has a financial obligation to maintain and improve the land.

(1aii) -INHERITANCE- (i) Intergenerational transfer: Inheritance allows for the transfer of land ownership from one generation to the next. This ensures continuity in land use and allows families to maintain their connection to the land. (ii) Customary laws and traditions: Inheritance is often governed by customary laws and traditions, which vary from culture to culture. These laws and traditions determine the rules and procedures for transferring land ownership upon the death of the landowner. This feature reflects the cultural, social, and historical context of a particular society.

(1b) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Industries provide a market for agricultural products, helping farmers to sell their produce and generate income. (ii) Industries provide employment opportunities for rural populations, reducing unemployment and poverty. (iii) Industries contribute to agricultural development through innovations, research, and technology transfer, leading to improved productivity and efficiency. (iv) Industries provide inputs and services to farmers, such as agricultural machinery, fertilizers, and pest control products, helping to enhance agricultural practices. (v) Industries contribute to value addition and processing of agricultural products, increasing their market value and profitability.

(1c) (PICK ANY THREE) (i) Plough: A tillage implement used for turning over the soil and breaking up large clods to create a smooth and level seedbed. (ii) Disc harrow: A tillage implement with rotating discs that cut through the soil, breaking up residues and preparing the soil for planting. (iii) Cultivator: A tillage implement used for shallow soil cultivation, removing weeds, and loosening the soil surface. (iv) Rotary tiller: This implement has rotating blades or tines that mix and pulverize the soil, preparing it for planting.

(1d) (PICK ANY FIVE) (i) Irrigation: Electrical power can be used to operate pumps and sprinkler systems for watering crops. (ii) Grain drying: Electrical power can be used to operate grain dryers, which remove excess moisture from harvested crops. (iii) Milking: Electrical power can be used to operate milking machines, reducing the manual effort required in livestock farming. (iv) Poultry farming: Electrical power can be used to operate lighting and heating systems, ensuring optimal conditions for poultry production. (v) Greenhouse farming: Electrical power can be used to operate climate control systems, providing the necessary temperature and humidity levels for plant growth. (vi) Processing and packaging: Electrical power can be used to operate machinery for processing and packaging agricultural products, improving efficiency and quality control.

===========================================

(2ai) -ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION- (i) Promote the use of organic farming methods, crop rotation, and integrated pest management techniques to minimize soil erosion, nutrient depletion, and chemical pollution. (ii) Encourage the adoption of conservation agriculture techniques such as minimum tillage, cover cropping, and agroforestry to improve soil health, water retention, and biodiversity. (iii) Planting of trees and restoration of forests can help in reducing the impact of agriculture on the environment by preventing soil erosion and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. (iv) Proper planning and zoning of agricultural activities can prevent encroachment on fragile ecosystems and promote sustainable land use practices.

(2aii) -UNPREDICTABLE CLIMATE- (i) Promote the use of climate-smart agricultural practices such as improved irrigation techniques, drought-tolerant crop varieties, and water harvesting methods to adapt to changing climatic conditions. (ii) Encouraging farmers to grow a wide variety of crops can help mitigate the risk of crop failure due to unpredictable climate patterns. (iii) Improved weather forecasting and early warning systems can help farmers anticipate and prepare for extreme weather events such as droughts, floods, and storms. (iv) Providing farmers with access to affordable agricultural insurance can help them recover from losses caused by unpredictable climate events.

(2b) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Lack of individual ownership rights: The act vests land ownership in state governors, limiting the rights of individuals and posing challenges in securing land for agriculture and other purposes. (ii) Complex and cumbersome land acquisition process: The act requires multiple layers of approvals and documentation, leading to delays and corruption in the land acquisition process. (iii) Inadequate compensation for landowners: The act does not adequately compensate landowners for their land, resulting in disputes and loss of livelihoods. (iv) Inefficient land administration: The act centralized land administration, leading to bureaucratic bottlenecks and poor management of land resources. (v) Limited access to land for small-scale farmers: The act favors large-scale commercial farming, making it difficult for small-scale farmers to access land for agriculture.

(2ci) -KNAPSACK SPRAYER- (i) Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves, goggles, and masks, to protect yourself from chemical exposure. (ii) Follow the manufacturer’s instructions and guidelines for mixing and applying pesticides or herbicides, including the recommended dosage and application rate. (iii) Avoid spraying near water bodies, sensitive crops, or residential areas to minimize the risk of contamination and drift.

(2cii) -TRACTOR- (i) Ensure proper training and certification in tractor operation to prevent accidents and damages. (ii) Regularly inspect and maintain the tractor, including checking for leaks, worn-out tires, and malfunctioning parts, to ensure safe operation. (iii) Operate the tractor at safe speeds and be cautious when turning or traveling on uneven terrain to prevent rollovers and accidents.

=======================================

(6a) (i) Pruning (ii) Weeding (iii) Tapping (iv) Fertilization

(6b) (i) Environmental Pollution (ii) Resistance Development (iii) Non-Target Species Impact (iv) Residue Buildup

(6c) (i) Orchids (ii) Bonsai Trees (iii) Foliage Plants (e.g., Ferns) (iv) Succulents

(6d) (i) Encouraging people to plant trees. (ii) The prohibition of bush burning, the cutting down of timber trees, except with an official permit and the cutting down of trees in a forest reserve. (iii) Illegal felling of trees should not be encouraged. (iv) Harvesting of an under-aged tress, that is, the tree could only be harvested when it is about 20 or 25 years old.

============================================

(8ai) (i) Reduced Growth Rates (ii) Poor Reproductive Performance (iii) Weight Loss and Emaciation (iv) Increased Susceptibility to Diseases

(8aii) (i) Calcium (ii) Phosphorus

(8bi) Stud Mating involves the controlled mating of a male animal (stud) with a female in a specific breeding environment. while Pen Mating involves allowing a group of females to freely associate with a male (kept in the same pen or enclosure).

(8bii) Line Breeding involves breeding animals within the same genetic line or family to concentrate desirable traits. while Cross Breeding involves mating animals from different breeds or genetic lines.

(8c) (i) Poor Water Quality (ii) Overcrowding (iii) Unbalanced diet

(8d) (i) Beeswax (ii) Propolis (iii) Royal Jelly

=============================================

(9a) Agricultural finance can be Define as the financial services, resources, and mechanisms involved in supporting agricultural activities. It includes the provision of credit, insurance, and other financial instruments to farmers, agribusinesses, and stakeholders in the agricultural value chain.

(9b) (i)bWholesalers (ii) Retailers

CHOOSE ANY TWO(2)

(I) Subsidies are financial assistance provided by the government to reduce the cost of production or promote certain agricultural practices.

(ii) Subsidies do not require repayment. They are typically grants or financial incentives provided without the expectation of return. (iii) Subsidies aim to reduce the financial burden on farmers, making certain inputs or practices more affordable.

(iv) Subsidies involve direct financial support from the government to specific sectors or individuals in agriculture.

(I) Credit involves the provision of financial resources as a loan, which is expected to be repaid by the borrower.

(ii) Credit involves a contractual agreement for repayment, often with interest, over a specified period. Borrowers are obligated to repay the loan.

(iii) Credit is intended for investment purposes, such as purchasing equipment, seeds, or other inputs, with the expectation of future returns.

(iv) Credit is often provided by financial institutions, and the government’s role may be indirect, such as through loan guarantees or interest rate subsidies. |

(9d) (i) Agricultural shows involve organizing events or exhibitions where farmers, extension agents, and the public can gather to showcase and learn about various agricultural practices, technologies, and products. These shows provide a platform for knowledge exchange, demonstrations, and promoting innovations in agriculture.

(ii) A field trip in agricultural extension involves taking farmers or participants to specific locations, such as successful farms, research stations, or agricultural processing facilities. It provides hands-on experience, exposure to best practices, and opportunities for direct observation and learning in real-world settings.

(9e) CHOOSE ANY FOUR (I) Lack of Information: Farmers may lack access to accurate and timely information about new agricultural technologies, practices, or innovations. Insufficient knowledge can hinder their understanding and adoption of modern methods.

(ii) Limited Access to Resources: Constraints in accessing essential resources such as finance, quality seeds, fertilizers, and equipment can impede farmers’ ability to adopt new ideas that often require upfront investments.

(iii) Risk Aversion: Farmers, often operating in unpredictable environments, may be risk-averse. The fear of potential losses or uncertainties associated with adopting new ideas can discourage them from making changes.

(iv) Traditional Practices: Strong adherence to traditional farming practices passed down through generations can create resistance to adopting new ideas. Familiarity with established methods may lead to reluctance in embracing innovations.

(v) Inadequate Infrastructure: Lack of proper infrastructure, such as irrigation systems, transportation facilities, and storage facilities, can limit the successful implementation of new ideas, making it difficult for farmers to adopt them.

(vi) Social and Cultural Factors: Social and cultural factors play a significant role in farming communities. Norms, beliefs, and social structures may influence farmers’ decisions, and deviations from traditional practices may face social resistance.

(vii) Market Uncertainties: Uncertainties in market conditions, including price fluctuations and unpredictable demand, can deter farmers from adopting new ideas, especially if the economic benefits are unclear or not guaranteed.

(viii) Limited Extension Services: Inadequate extension services, including a lack of technical support, training, and advisory services, can hinder farmers’ ability to understand, implement, and adapt new ideas effectively.

(10a) (i) Farm assets refer to the resources owned and controlled by a farm, such as land, buildings, machinery, livestock, and crops. While, farm liabilities are the debts and obligations that a farm has, such as loans, mortgages, and unpaid bills.

(ii) Appreciation refers to the increase in the value of an asset over time due to factors such as inflation, market demand, or improvements made to the asset. While, depreciation refers to the decrease in the value of an asset over time due to factors such as wear and tear, obsolescence, or market conditions.

(10b) (PICK FOUR ONLY) (i) Income and expense records (ii) Inventory records (iii) Production records (iv) Sales records (v) Budget records (vi) Personnel records (vii) Equipment maintenance records (viii) Crop and livestock treatment records

(10c) (PICK FOUR ONLY)

(i) Wide reach: Mass media platforms such as television, radio, and the internet have the ability to reach a large audience across different geographical locations, making it possible to disseminate agricultural information to a wide range of farmers and stakeholders.

(ii) Cost-effective: Mass media can be a cost-effective method of agricultural extension as it allows for the dissemination of information to a large audience simultaneously, eliminating the need for individual on-site visits or physical distribution of printed materials.

(iii) Timeliness: Mass media can quickly deliver information to farmers, ensuring that they have access to the latest agricultural techniques, practices, and market trends in a timely manner.

(iv) Visual and audio impact: Television and online videos, in particular, can provide visual demonstrations of agricultural practices, techniques, and innovations, making it easier for farmers to understand complex concepts.

(v) Language and literacy barriers: Mass media can cater to diverse audiences by using different languages, visuals, and audio formats, making it accessible to farmers with varying literacy levels and language proficiency.

(vi) Interactive platforms: Interactive mass media platforms such as radio talk shows or online discussion forums can allow for two-way communication, enabling farmers to ask questions, seek clarification, and share their experiences with experts and fellow farmers.

(vii) Adoption of innovations: Mass media can effectively promote the adoption of new agricultural technologies and innovations by showcasing success stories, demonstrations, and testimonials from farmers who have successfully implemented these practices.

(viii) Continuous learning opportunities: Mass media platforms can provide ongoing agricultural information through regular broadcasts, podcasts, webinars, or online articles, allowing farmers to continually learn and stay updated on emerging trends and practices.

(10d) (PICK FOUR ONLY)

(i) Economic viability: The economic feasibility of adopting an innovation plays a significant role. Farmers are more likely to adopt innovations that offer cost savings, increased profitability, or improved productivity.

(ii) Access to capital: Availability of financial resources and credit options can influence the adoption of agricultural innovations. Farmers may require funds to purchase new equipment, technologies, or infrastructure.

(iii) Infrastructural support: Adequate infrastructure such as irrigation systems, storage facilities, and transportation networks are crucial for the successful adoption of agricultural innovations. Lack of basic infrastructure can hinder the adoption process.

(iv) Knowledge and awareness: Farmers need to have access to relevant information, training, and technical support to understand and effectively adopt new innovations. Awareness campaigns, training programs, and extension services can facilitate the dissemination of knowledge.

(v) Social networks and farmer networks: The presence of strong social networks and farmer networks can enhance the rate of adoption. Peer influence, sharing of experiences, and learning from others can motivate farmers to adopt innovations.

(vi) Government policies and regulations: Supportive policies, incentives, and regulations can positively influence the adoption of agricultural innovations. This includes subsidies, tax incentives, and favorable trade policies that encourage farmers to adopt new technologies.

(vii) Environmental sustainability: Innovations that promote sustainable farming practices, such as reducing water usage, minimizing chemical inputs, or conserving soil health, are more likely to be adopted by farmers concerned about environmental impact.

(viii) Risk perception: Farmers are cautious about the risks associated with adopting new innovations. Factors such as uncertainty, potential yield variations, and market volatility can affect the rate of adoption. Therefore, innovations with proven benefits and minimal risks are more likely to be adopted quickly.

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NECO Agric Science Likely Questions [2023]

Modified On Sep 13, 2022

NECO AGRIC SCIENCE : What are the areas NECO will set Agricultural Science Questions from and how do I get NECO Agric OBJ And Essay Questions? Neco Agricultural Science Questions is what we shall discuss here.

NECO Agricultural Science  is compulsory for every Neco Candidate . Read on for Sample  Questions Neco would set in 2023 Agric Science or browse Neco Agriculture Syllabus .

PAGE CONTENTS

NECO Agriculture Questions And Answers

You have asked the questions, what are the areas Neco sets questions in Agric? I am here to give you the bold answers to your question.

To make this topic easy for you to understand, I will divide it into three sections. The three sections are:

• NECO Agricultural Science Objective Questions
• Neco Agric Essay Questions And Answers.
• Instructions To Pass Neco Examination.

NECO Agric Objective Questions

As usual, you will be given questions and options A to E to choose from. Normally, the number of objective questions (OBJ) you are to answer in Neco 2023 Agric Science is 50.

The Following Are Sample Neco Objective Questions. They are likely Agricultural Science questions for Neco.  

• A.  development of secondary sexual characteristics
• B.  on set of heat period
• C.  milk let – down after parturition
• D.  development of udde
• A.  0.83 kg
• B.  1.21 kg
• C.  1.28 kg
• D.  2. 25kg
• A.  the eggs cannot be candled
• B.  the chicks are less healthy
• C.  the brooding hens sometimes abandon the eggs
• D.  it takes a longer time for eggs to hatch
• A.  increase water intake
• B.  provide bulk to feed
• C.  reduce microbial activity
• D.  provide deficient nutrients
• A.  Aspergillosis
• B.  Acidosis
• C.  Milk fever
• D.  Rickets
• A.  potential energy
• B.  mechanical energy
• C.  nuclear energy
• D.  solar energy
• E.  kinetic energy
• C.  cultivator
• D.  planter
• B.  plam oil
• D.  petroleum jelly
• E.  spent engine oil
• A.  ranging pole
• B.  prismatic compass
• C.  measuring tape
• D.  gunter’s chain
• A.  rosette
• C.  soft rot
• D.  damping off
• B.  cattles
• D.  rabbits
• B.  rostellum
• E.  segment
• A.  digestion of cellulose
• B.  conversion of plant proteins into microbial protein
• C.  production of vitamin B
• D.  production of gas in the rumen
• E.  eructation of the ruminal gas
• B.  temperature
• C.  ventilation
• D.  relative humidity
• E.  turning of the egg
• C.  plateau
• E.  oyo north
• A.  Buying of agricultural commodities
• B.  planting of crops
• C.  transporting of farm produce
• D.  storgae of farm produce
• A.  price stability
• B.  crop failure
• C.  insurance
• D.  diversification
• A.  create new jobs for farmers
• B.  raise funds for farmers
• C.  cultivate a large farm
• D.  guide and educate farmers
• A.  a sedimentary rock
• B.  a wealtered rock
• C.  mentamorphic rock
• D.  an igneous rock
• E.  a plutonic rock
• A.  parent material
• B.  D-horizon
• C.  C-horizon
• D.  B-horizon
• E.  A-horizon
• A.  magnesium
• C.  nitrogen
• E.  phosphorus
• A.  natural flooding
• B.  check flooding
• C.  sprinkler irrigation
• D.  mole drains

Read Also: How to answer neco questions very fast

Agric Neco Theory Questions And Answers

The following are the kind of questions you should expect in neco 2022 Agricultural Science Theory or Essay. They are hot cake questions:

• What is Agricultural
• What is the importance of agriculture to society?
• What is Photosynthesis
• List and explain pests
• Explain the Farming systems you know

That’s all for now… I shall update you when more real life questions and answers come up. However, I advise that you are hardworking so as to pass your Neco once and for all.

Read Also: How to read and pass neco

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NECO ANSWERS , Past Questions & Answer

2023 NECO: English Language Objectives and Essay Questions with Solutions

PAPER I SECTION A CONTINUOUS WRITING [50 MARKS| You are required to answer only one question from this section. Your answer should not be less than 450 words. All questions carry equal marks. You are advised to spend about 45 minutes on this section.

1. Your mother has written to you asking of the profession you would like to pursue after leaving secondary school. Reply her letter, stating your preferred profession and giving reasons for making the choice.

2. Write a story to illustrate the saying: Charity begins at home.

3. You are the chief speaker in a debate on the topic: The Establishment of Federal Government Colleges is a Blessing to the Nigerian Child. Write your argument for or against the proposition.

4. Write an article suitable for publication in your school magazine on the topic: Indiscipline among Secondary School Students and Ways of Curbing it.

SECTION B COMPREHENSION (20 MARKS) You are advised to spend about 30 minutes on this section Read the passage below carefully and answer the questions on it. In this part of the world, one group that is yet to be appreciated by many is the “Teacher”. The teacher belongs to the noble profession. He is the molder of the society who frames the minds of the young ones that will take charge of the economic sector of the country in future. He develops the intellectual capacity of the would-be leaders. He develops from the cradle the analytical mind of the future diplomats and nutures to fruition the ideals of great political thinkers.

When religious leaders fail to impart the right knowledge, the teacher takes up the gawntlet for the re-orientation of the child when has been indoctrinated with the teaching of affluence and fanaticism This re-orierntation is done using moral instructions in schools. He emphasises the need for justice, love, honesty, sincerity, diigence, discipline, reward and punishment.

The teacher re-discovers the positive value in the mal-adjuned children. The  guidance counselor -a teacher-has been forced to perform the abandoned roles of the parents.

However, it is disappointing that all these become slave labour as the teacher has been seriously denigrated. The efforts of the teacher are not appreciated by the parents who  have neglected their duties, bandoning them to the techer. The teacher, a builder of nations” human resources”, is unfortunately despised and neglected by the people he made and institutions he is serving. The ruling class does not care about him. His issues ase not looked upon as important and are hardly remembered in parliament. His good work is remembered only during graduation ceremonies but forgotten as soon as the imparted knowledge places one in a position of authority.

The teacher who depends on the society which ought to protect him incidentally, has been enveloped by so much insensitivity of the society such that he is now abandoned to his fate.

The teacher has been unjustly accused of imposition of all forms of illegal levies and given all manner of names. He is the target of every othet group critical of the falling standard of education whereas the teacher has no power to improve on the infrastructure of the school and has no access to grants for impeovement of libraries or laboratorics. He is only to be seen and not to be beard. Consequently, the teacher cannot disabuse the mind of the misinformed public that has failed to ecognize his role as the greatest contributor to national growth and development.

Under this circumstance that the teacher has found himself, he has to work harder in order to train and produce better informed leaders. If he relaxes, things would get worse. If he works harder, there is hope that tomorrow would be better for the nation and for him.

(a) State two attributes of the teacher as mentioned in the passage. (b) Mention two instances in the passage that show that the public has been misinformned about the roles of the teacher. (c) What irony of life is highlighted in the passage? (d) What wrong values do religious leaders impart on the child? (e) How has the teacher corrected this teaching? (f) “.the teacher takes up the gauntlet..” What does the expression above mean? (g) “…who have neglected their duties…” (i) What grammatical name is given to this expression? (ii) What is its function in the sentence? Find one word or phrase which is nearest in meaning to and can at the same time replace each of the following words as used in the pussage: (i)noble (ii) cradle (iii) impart (iv) affluence (v) denigrated (vi) important

6. SECTION C SUMMARY [30 MARKSĮ You are advised to spend about 30 minutes on this section. Read the passage below carefully and answer the question on it.

A nation that is democratic usually would have democratic institutions. One of such institutions is the electoral commission. Constitutionally, the commission is a body responsible for organising and conducting elections in a political system. In other words, it is as an independent and impartial body mandated to organise and conduct elections in a given country. It has a chairman as the head and other members. For Instance, Nigeria has had several electoral commissions with different designations. Some of these are the Federal Electoral Commission of Nigeria (FEDECO), the National Electoral Commission (NEC), the National Electoral Commission of Nigeria (NECON) and the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC). The above-named comnmissions are merely achange of nomenclature but the functions remain the same.

The statutory functions of the Commission need not be over-emphasised as they are aimed at conducting free and fair elections. The Commission is saddled with the responsibility of dividing the country into constituencies or electoral districts. The advantage is that it gives the electorate the opportunity to express their franchise easily. But the disadvantage is that it may lead to gerrymandering. That is, the leaders may construct the clectoral districts in such a way as to give the majority party more representations in the parliament. Political parties are registered according to laid down rules and regulations. In Nigeria, for example, before the conduct of the 2011 elections, INEC registered over 50 political parties that participated in the elections. In addition, the Commission also registered eligible voters. This is done manually or electronically. The expression of franchise by voters may take the form of restricted or universal adult suffrage. However, the latter is the most popular and universally acknowledged. It is constitutional and democratic because all qualified adults are allowed to vote and be voted for. The Cormnission educates the electorate about the necessary issues involved in elections. It informs the people about their rights, the method of voting to be adopted (either secret or open balloting), identification of party symbols and the proper manner of voting. The body also provides all necessary materials needed for an election (both sensitive and non-sensitive), such as ballot boxes, ballot papers, result sheets, etc. Moreso, aspirants for elections are properly screened and their eligibility duly ascertained before any election. This affirms the credibility of the candidate who is vying for any particular post.

Electoral officers like polling clerks, polling orderlies, presiding oficers and returning officers are appointed and trained by the Commission. These enhance the smooth conduct of elections. Finally, the Commission is responsible for the counting of votes and release of the results of each election conducted. This is to be done under strict supervision to avoid rigging of elections.

In six sentences, one for each, state the functions of an clectoral commission.

SOLUTIONS TO 2023 NECO ENGLISH PAPER 1 IS GIVEN BELOW

No 1: Your mother has written to you asking of the profession you would like to pursue after leaving secondary school. Reply her letter, stating your preferred profession and giving reasons for making the choice.

Your Address ,

Dear Mother,

I hope this letter finds you in good health and high spirits. Thank you for your love and concern, as always. Your letter brought me much joy, and I am grateful for your support and interest in my future plans.

As I approach the end of my secondary school education here in Nigeria, I have carefully considered the profession I would like to pursue, and I am excited to share my decision with you. After much contemplation and soul-searching, I have set my heart on becoming a Civil Engineer.

I understand that this choice might come as a surprise to you, but allow me to explain my reasons for selecting this profession. First and foremost, I have always been intrigued by the world of construction and infrastructure development. Growing up in Nigeria, I have witnessed both the challenges and the opportunities we face in the field of civil engineering. The state of our roads, bridges, and public facilities often leaves much to be desired. I believe that as a civil engineer, I can play a pivotal role in improving the physical infrastructure of our nation, contributing to its progress and development.

Nigeria is a country with immense potential, and I am eager to be part of its transformation. With a rapidly growing population, there is a pressing need for skilled professionals who can design and build sustainable structures and systems. I want to be at the forefront of these efforts, ensuring that our communities have access to safe and reliable infrastructure.

Moreover, civil engineering is a field that offers diverse career opportunities. From designing and constructing buildings to working on transportation systems and water supply projects, there is a wide range of specializations within this profession. This flexibility excites me, as it allows me to explore different areas and find the niche that best aligns with my interests and strengths.

Another reason for choosing civil engineering is the potential to make a positive impact on the environment. I am deeply passionate about sustainability and environmental conservation. As a civil engineer, I can adopt eco-friendly practices and incorporate green technologies into my projects, reducing our ecological footprint and preserving the natural beauty of Nigeria for future generations.

Furthermore, pursuing a career in civil engineering is aligned with my academic strengths and interests. Throughout my secondary school education, I have consistently excelled in mathematics and physics. These subjects form the foundation of civil engineering, and I find great joy in applying their principles to solve real-world problems.

Lastly, I have conducted thorough research on reputable universities in Nigeria and beyond that offer excellent civil engineering programs. I am confident that with hard work and dedication, I can gain admission to one of these institutions and receive a quality education that will equip me with the skills and knowledge necessary to excel in this field.

In conclusion, I am passionate about becoming a civil engineer and contributing to the development of Nigeria. I believe that this profession aligns with my values, interests, and academic strengths, providing me with the opportunity to make a meaningful difference in the lives of my fellow citizens. Your unwavering support means the world to me, and I promise to work diligently towards achieving this goal.

Thank you once again for your love and encouragement. I look forward to your response and the guidance you can offer as I embark on this exciting journey.

Sincerely Yours,

NUMBER TWO : Write a story to illustrate the saying: Charity begins at home.

(2) Once upon a time, in a quaint village nestled between lush green hills, there lived a humble farmer named Thomas. He was known far and wide for his generosity and willingness to help others. The saying “Charity begins at home” was one of his guiding principles, which he instilled in his three children – Emily, Daniel, and Sarah.

Thomas’ farm yielded bountiful crops, and the village thrived due to his hard work and dedication. However, despite their abundance, he always made sure to share the surplus with those less fortunate. Whenever someone in the village fell on hard times, Thomas and his family were the first to offer a helping hand.

One chilly winter morning, news spread that a severe storm had struck the neighboring village, leaving several families homeless and without food. Thomas gathered his family around the fireplace and said, “My dear children, it’s time to practice what we preach. Charity begins at home, and it’s our duty to assist our neighbors in need.”

Emily, the eldest daughter, agreed wholeheartedly, and Daniel and Sarah nodded in agreement. They all knew that their father’s compassionate nature had shaped their characters and taught them the true meaning of empathy.

The family began their charity work by donating warm blankets, clothes, and essential supplies from their own home. Emily helped organize the distribution, while Daniel and Sarah packed the items with care. The neighbors joined in, witnessing the selfless act of the Thomas family and contributing to the cause.

As the winter passed, the neighboring village slowly regained its strength, and the grateful villagers praised Thomas and his family for their immense support. But their acts of kindness didn’t end there. They continued to assist those in need within their village too.

One day, a massive fire broke out on the outskirts of Thomas’ village, threatening to engulf homes and farmlands. The entire village was in panic, and everyone tried their best to save their properties. Thomas’ family rushed to the scene, but instead of joining the rescue efforts, they prepared food and water for the exhausted firefighters and victims.

When the fire was finally brought under control, the firefighters and the distressed villagers were famished. Thomas and his family went around distributing food and water, comforting those who lost their homes, and even offering temporary shelter at their farmhouse.

Over time, Thomas’ children began to comprehend the true depth of the saying “Charity begins at home.” They realized that it wasn’t just about helping others but about creating a culture of compassion and kindness within their own community.

The children grew up embodying their father’s virtues and passed on the values of selflessness to their own families. The Thomas family became a beacon of hope and inspiration for the entire region. Their village flourished not just because of their agricultural prosperity but because of the unity and compassion that bound its people together.

Generations came and went, but the legacy of the Thomas family endured. The saying “Charity begins at home” echoed through time, reminding everyone that the seeds of kindness sown within the confines of one’s home can blossom into a garden of love and support for the entire world.

Title: The Establishment of Federal Government Colleges: A Blessing to the Nigerian Child Introduction : Ladies and gentlemen, esteemed judges, and fellow debaters, good morning/afternoon. Today. I stand before you as a chief speaker, representing those against the proposition “The Establishment of Federal Government Colleges is a Blessing to the Nigerian Child” While providing some form of education and resources to Nigerian children, Federal Government colleges are not necessarily a blessing as they can bring about numerous negative aspects that can outweigh their potential benefits. I will argue why this is the case and share my view on the current situation. Point number one: Lack of Resources and Quality Education. Federal Government colleges are often poorly funded, meaning they tend to have limited access to resources and technology. This can lead to a lack of quality education being offered to Nigerian children. Moreover, the poor educational environment can prevent children from achieving their full potential, leading to a further gap between the educated and uneducated population. Point Number two: Limited Access to Facilities and Services. Due to the low funding, Federal Government colleges also have limited access to other facilities and services. This means that students may not be able to participate in extra-curricular activities or have access to basic healthcare services. This can have a long-term negative effect on the overall wellbeing of pupils and even affect their academic performance. Conclusion :

In conclusion, while Federal Government colleges may provide some level of education and resources to Nigerian children, the lack of resources and quality education as well as Limited access to facilities and services mean it is not a blessing to the Nigerian child and should not be accepted as one. Thank you.

NECO ENGLISH LANGUAGE

NUMBER FOUR : Write an article suitable for publication in your school magazine on the topic: Indiscipline among Secondary School Students and Ways of Curbing it.

(4) Title: indiscipline among secondary school students and ways of curbing it.

INTRODUCTION: Indiscipline has become a growing concern among secondary school students, posing a significant challenge for educators, parents, and their peers alike. The consequences of such behaviour can be far-reaching and damaging both to the learner’s individual development and to the climate of the school as a whole. From negative impacts on academic attainment and safety to absenteeism and bullying, the risks are real, and a concerted effort is needed from all sides to tackle it.

THE CAUSES OF INDISCIPLINE: Young people, reaching into adolescence and early adulthood, are at an important stage of their development. This delicate period of transition comes with a variety of pressures, such as physical, emotional, and learning changes, and these can often lead to misbehaviour in the classroom. Other external factors, such as family issues or inadequate parenting, can also contribute to the problem.

THE EFFECTS OF INDISCIPLINE: Unmanaged student indiscipline can have profound effects on the classroom. It can lead to further disruption and distraction, resulting in all pupils having a poorer learning experience and ultimately a lower academic performance. It can also create feelings of fear and general unease among other pupils and staff, discouraging effective communication and damaging morale.

SOLUTIONS FOR CURBING INDISCIPLINE: Recognizing the problem is the first step towards finding a solution. The most successful interventions are those that involve multiple stakeholders, such as students, parents, teachers, and administrators.

Effective communication between all parties is key. Schools must strive to foster an environment that encourages open dialogue, transparency, and trust. An open-door policy between teachers and students, providing a safe space in which either can approach the other at any time, can be instrumental for developing mutual understanding.

The school curriculum should also be designed to engage learners and promote discipline. An understanding of the subjects being taught, and enjoyable activities related to them, can help create a positive atmosphere, motivating pupils to stay on task and perform better. To help ensure that this happens, schools should be able to tap into support and resources available from local organisations and charities.

In addition, schools must establish clear and consistent disciplinary systems, making sure that all members of the school community are aware of the rules. This should include start-of-term assemblies, parent-teacher meetings, and visible reminders throughout the premises. In the case of serious disciplinary issues, swift action should be taken, including – in extreme cases – sanctions.

CONCLUSION: It is incumbent upon us all – teachers, parents, and students – to ensure a safe and supportive learning environment for secondary school students. Like any problem, managing indiscipline is a matter of addressing its causes and providing the right solutions. Through cooperation, open communication, and an effective school system, we can work together to tackle it and ensure a harmonious learning environment for the future.

SECTION B : COMPREHENSION ANSWERS

(5a) (i) A teacher frames the minds of the young ones. (ii) He re-orients the child who has been indoctrinated with the teaching of affluence and fanaticism.

(5b) (i) The teacher is blamed for the falling standard of education. (ii) The teacher is accused of extortion and given a bad name.

(5c) “Religious leaders fail to impart the right knowledge.”

(5d) Religious leaders impart affluence and fanaticism on the child.

(5e) The teacher uses moral instruction techniques such as love, honesty, e.t.c to re-orient the child.

(5f) It means the teacher accepts the challenge.

(5g) (i) Relative clause (ii) It modifies the noun, “parents”.

(5h) noble —-> decent cradle —-> start impart —-> pass on affluence —-> wealth denigrated —-> reviled important —-> key

SECTION C : SUMMARY ANSWERS

• An electoral commission divides a country into electoral districts
• It Registers political parties and eligible voters.
• The commission educates the electorate on everything they need to know about the election
• The electoral commission provides election materials and affirms the credibility of aspirants
• The commission also appoints adhoc staff and trains them for the election
• The commission counts votes and releases the results of the election conducted

ENGLISH LANGUAGE OBJECTIVES 01-10: BACBEBECEA 11-20: DCDDBAEBDD 21-30: DBDBEEEEBB 31-40: DBEEEDCBCA 41-50: BDCAABCAEC 51-60: DACCCDCDDB 61-70: CAECAEEAEA 71-80: CEDEEBACAA 81-90: BAEDECDBDE 91-100: EAEDEBDEBE

ENGLISH TEST OF ORAL 01-10: EDECEBBBEA 11-20: EBAADBCEEE 21-30: CEDAEBEEAD 31-40: BEAAABBCCD 41-50: DAAEEADDDA 51-60: EDAEBBAAEA

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NECO Agric Questions and Answers 2023 Expo Free Obj & Essay

NECO Agric Science Questions 2023 : Get NECO Agric 2023 Objective & Essay questions and answers for Wednesday, 19th July 2023 , Paper III & II: Objective & Essay – Agric Science – 10:00am – 12:40pm.

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NECO Agric Science Answers 2023 Theory

(1a) (i) To control land use and prevent land degradation (ii) To promote sustainable land use practices (iii) To ensure equitable distribution of land resources (iv) To protect the environment and biodiversity

(1b) (i) Providing training and education on beekeeping practices (ii) Promoting the use of modern beekeeping technologies (iii) Advocating for policies that support beekeeping (iv) Providing financial support to beekeepers

(1c) (i) Reduced soil erosion and compaction (ii) Preservati

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NECO Agric Questions and Answers 2024 Objective and Essay

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NECO agricultural science 2024 answers are now available. NECO agric questions and answers 2024/2025 objective and essay and other exam details for NECO 2024 are on this page. See the 2024 NECO agric answers for both objective and theory below. Get the NECO agric objective and essay answers here.

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NECO Agric Answers 2024 Objective and Theory

The National Examination Council (NECO) is an examination body in Nigeria that conducts the Senior Secondary Certificate Examination and the General Certificate in Education in June/July and November/December respectively.

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2023 NECO Agric practical Questions and Answers Expo

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2023 NECO Agric practical Questions and Answers

The National Examination Council (NECO) Has Scheduled The 2023 Neco Agric practical Questions and Answers Paper To Kick of on Monday 17th July 2023.

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Specimen A:  WATERING CAN

Specimen B:  PLIER

Specimen C:  KNAPSACK SPRAYER

Specimen D:  LITMUS PAPER

Specimen E:  COW DUNG

Specimen F:  LIMESTONE

Specimen G:  CLAYEY SOIL (POWDERY FORM)

Specimen H: YAM TUBER

Specimen I:  CASSAVA TUBER

Specimen J:  ORANGE FRUIT

Specimen K:  GROUNDNUT CAKE

Specimen L:  HIDES AND SKIN

Specimen M:  DIGESTIVE TRACT OF A BIRD

Neco Agric practical Questions 2023

Neco Agric Practical Answer 2023

(1a) Specimen A – Watering can Specimen B – plier Specimen C – Knapsack sprayer

(1b) (PICK ANY ONE) (i) A watering can is typically a small handheld container with a spout for pouring water while a knapsack sprayer is a backpack-like device with a larger capacity for holding liquid and a spraying mechanism. (ii) A watering can relies on gravity to pour water while a knapsack sprayer uses either manual pumping or a motorized mechanism to create pressure for spraying the liquid. (iii) A watering can is used for precisely pouring water onto specific plants or areas while a knapsack sprayer is used to spray liquid over a larger area ensuring even coverage. (iv) A watering can is mainly used for watering plants while a knapsack sprayer can be used for multiple purposes such as applying pesticides fertilizers or herbicides.

(1c) -SPECIMEN A- (PICK ANY TWO) (i) Watering plants in gardens or pots. (ii) Providing a controlled and targeted water supply to seedlings and delicate plants. (iii) Transporting water for indoor or outdoor plants. (iv) Can be used for decorative purposes like pouring water into a fountain.

-SPECIMEN B- (PICK ANY TWO) (i) Gripping and holding objects firmly. (ii) Bending or twisting wires and other materials. (iii) Cutting through wires or thin metal. (iv) Can be used as a multifunctional tool in various industries including electrical work plumbing and mechanical repairs.

(1d) (i) Read and understand the instructions and safety guidelines provided by the manufacturer. (ii) Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves goggles and a mask. (iii) Calibrate the sprayer to ensure the correct dilution ratio and application rate of the liquid being sprayed. (iv) Inspect the sprayer for any leaks damaged parts or clogs before use. Clean and maintain the sprayer regularly to ensure its proper functioning.

(1e) (PICK ANY TWO) (i) Regular maintenance and cleaning can prevent rust corrosion or damage increasing the lifespan of the tools. (ii) Well-maintained tools function optimally increasing productivity and reducing effort or time required to complete tasks. (iii) Regular maintenance ensures that the tools are safe to use reducing the risk of accidents or injuries. (iv) Proper maintenance can reduce the need for repairs or replacements saving money in the long run. =================================== (2a) Specimen D – litmus paper Specimen E – cow dungs Specimen F – limestone Specimen G – clayey soil (powdery form)

(2b) (i) Preparation: Take a small sample of the clayey soil and mix it with distilled water to create a clay-water mixture. (ii) Testing: Dip the litmus paper into the clay-water mixture and observe the color change. Blue litmus paper turns red in acidic conditions while red litmus paper turns blue in alkaline conditions. The observed color change indicates the pH level of the soil.

(2c) (PICK ANY THREE) (i) Organic matter and nutrient supply (ii) Improved soil structure (iii) Enhanced microbial activity (iv) Increased moisture retention (v) Weed suppression: (vi) pH balance

(2d) (PICK ANY THREE) (i) Particle size (ii) Texture (iii) Water holding capacity (iv) Plasticity (v) Stickiness (vi) Low permeability

(2e) (i) pH adjustment: Limestone is commonly used to neutralize acidic soils by raising the pH level making the soil more suitable for plant growth. (ii) Soil remineralization: Limestone contains essential minerals such as calcium and magnesium which can be added to the soil to replenish nutrient levels. (iii) Improving soil structure: Limestone helps improve soil structure by reducing compaction and increasing water infiltration. (iv) Buffering capacity: Limestone has a buffering capacity meaning it helps maintain a stable pH level in the soil reducing pH fluctuations. (v) Fertilizer filler: Limestone is sometimes used as a filler in fertilizers to provide additional nutrients and improve their spreadability. (vi) Livestock feed supplement: Limestone is added to livestock feed to provide calcium and promote healthy bone development in animals. =================================== (3a) Specimen H – yam tuber Specimen I – casava tuber Specimen J – orange fruit

(3b) (PICK ANY ONE) (i) Minisetts or seed yams (ii) Whole yam tubers (iii) Vine cuttings (iv) Tissue culture plantlets

(3c) Minisetts: Minisetts are small sections of yam tubers that contain one or two buds. These minisetts are planted directly into the soil and each bud is capable of producing a new yam plant.

(3d) (PICK ANY TWO) (i) Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) (ii) Cassava bacterial blight (CBB) (iii) Cassava anthracnose disease (CAD) (iv) Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD)

(3e) (PICK ANY TWO) (i) Cassava flour (ii) Cassava starch (iii) Tapioca pearls (iv) Cassava chips

(3f) (PICK ANY TWO) (i) Sweet potatoes (ii) Potatoes (iii) Taro (iv) Jerusalem artichokes

(3g) (i) Hilling up (ii) weed control

(3h) (PICK ANY TWO) (i) Citrus psyllids (ii) Scales (iii) Thrips (iv) Citrus peelminer (v) Fruit flies =================================== (4a) Specimen K – groundnut cake Specimen L – hide and skin Specimen M – digestive tract of a bird

(4b) (i) Curing and Inedible Tissue Removal (ii) Tanning

(4c) (PICK ANY THREE) (i) Leather Production (ii) By-product Utilization (iii) Export Potential (iv) Job Creation (v) Agricultural Diversification (vi) Environmental Sustainability

(4d) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Beak (ii) Esophagus (iii) Crop (iv) Proventriculus (v) Gizzard (vi) Intestine

(4e) (PICK ANY ONE) (i) Avian Influenza (Bird Flu) (ii) Newcastle Disease (iii) Infectious Bursal Disease (Gumboro Disease) (iv) Duck Virus Enteritis

(4f) (PICK ANY TWO) (i) Groundnut cake is a rich source of protein (ii) Groundnut cake contains a significant amount of oil and fat which provides energy to animals. (iii) Groundnut cake has a good taste and odor making it attractive to animals. This helps encourage feed intake and ensures animals consume a balanced diet. (iv) Groundnut cake is often readily available and relatively affordable compared to other protein sources. Its use in animal feed can help reduce production costs without compromising nutritional needs. (v) Groundnut cake contains essential nutrients including amino acids vitamins and minerals that contribute to a well-balanced diet for animals.

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Home » EXAM NEWS » 2023 NECO GCE Agricultural Practical Exam Questions and Answers

2023 NECO GCE Agricultural Practical Exam Questions and Answers

2023 NECO GCE Agricultural Practical Questions for free to all NECO GCE candidates In Nigeria. On this page, all the NECO GCE Agric questions and answers for 2023 are released here.

NECO GCE Candidates who applied for the National Examination Council SSCE Examination will write their NECO GCE Agric Practical  For general students.

All the details you need for you to be successful and pass this 2023 Waec GCE Exam will also be given and make sure you read all through.

The Time Of the NECO GCE Agric Practical Exam is 3:00 Pm – 4:30 Pm

2023 NECO GCE Agric Practical Questions and Answers

The 2023 Waec Agric questions and answers loading!  2023 GCE Agricultural Science Practical Answers Loading!!

2023 NECO GCE Agricultural Science Answers Loading!!!

Kindly bookmark the website for the answers that will be released here. Or better still reload the site to check if the answers for the 2023 Waec GCE Agricultural Science questions and answers have dropped.

You are writing the 1 paper in only one day. In this post, the current 2023 NECO GCE questions and answers for HEALTH EDUCATION were released and the 2023 Waec Agric practical Exam Questions will also be released for those participating in the 2023 Waec GCE examination.

Feel free to see the 2023 NECO – GCE questions and answers we’ve shared already on NECO GCE HEALTH EDUCATION for free below. Many students/candidates who regularly visit our site find helpful answers for their subjects. You can get your 2023 NECO – GCE Agric practical Exam Questions and Answers for free too.

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PREVIOUS ANSWERS WE SUPPLY ON 25TH NOV 2023

NECO GCE HEALTH EDUCATION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS – 25th November 2023

NECO GCE HEALTH OBJ

1-10: ACABACDBDB 11-20: BACDEACBEE 21-30: BDEACCAEAA 31-40: DDBBDBAEBA 41-50: EECBDDDDDE 51-60: AADDBBDCCB

HEALTH EDUCATION THEORY SOLUTIONS

(3ai) Causative Organism: poliovirus

(3aii) Sources of Infection: (i) Fecal-Oral Transmission (ii) Person-to-Person Transmission (iii) Contaminated Surfaces

(3aiii) (i) Sore throat (ii) Fever (iii) Paralysis (iv) Gastrointestinal issues

(3aiv) (i) Vaccine (ii) Improving hygiene (iv) Surveillance and Outbreak Response

(3b) (i) Influenza (Flu): An infectious respiratory disease caused by influenza viruses. (ii) HIV/AIDS: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). (iii) Dengue Fever: A mosquito-borne viral infection causing flu-like symptoms. (iv) Measles: Caused by the measles virus, leading to respiratory and systemic symptoms.

(3c) (i) Metabolic diseases result from abnormalities in the body’s  chemical  processes and metabolism While Genetic diseases are caused by abnormalities or mutations in an individual’s DNA.

(ii) Metabolic disorders may or may not have a genetic component. Some metabolic diseases are acquired or result from environmental factors, while others may have a genetic basis. On the other hand, Genetic diseases are inherently linked to the individual’s genetic makeup and are often hereditary, passed down from one generation to the next through genes.

NECO GCE HEALTH EDUCATION THEORY ANSWERS

(1ai) Production refers to the body’s natural processes of synthesizing various substances essential for maintaining physiological functions and overall well-being.

(1aii) – Deferens: It transport sperm from the epididymis (where sperm matures and is stored) to the urethra during ejaculation.

– Testicle: Production of sperm through a process called spermatogenesis.

– Seminal Vesicles: It secretes a fluid that makes up a significant portion of the semen.

(1aiii) – Identical Twins: Identical twins, also known as monozygotic twins, originate from a single fertilized egg (zygote) that splits into two embryos. This usually occurs early in the development of the embryo. As a result, identical twins share nearly identical genetic material because they come from the same fertilized egg.

– Fraternal Twins: Fraternal twins, also known as dizygotic twins, result from the simultaneous fertilization of two separate eggs by two different sperm. In this case, two eggs are released during the same menstrual cycle, and each egg is fertilized by a different sperm. Fraternal twins, therefore, share about 50% of their genetic material, just like regular siblings born at different times.

(1b) (i) The liver is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances, such as drugs and toxins, by breaking them down into less harmful compounds that can be excreted from the body (ii) It regulates blood glucose levels by storing excess glucose as glycogen and releasing it when needed. (iii) It is involved in the synthesis of important proteins, including blood-clotting factors and albumin. (iv) It is involved in the synthesis of important proteins, including blood clotting factors and albumin. (iv) Liver aids in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine.

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NECO Human and Regional Geography Essay 2023 Questions and Answers

The National Exam Council (NECO) is scheduled to administer the Human and Regional Geography paper on Tuesday, 1st August 2023. In this article, we will provide detailed answers for the NECO Geography Paper II Essay section, which will take place from 3:00 pm to 5:00 pm. Aspiring candidates can refer to the resources provided here to gain a better understanding of the expected standards for the Geography final examination.

Section 1: Settlement Types and Factors Influencing Urban Growth

1. characteristics of settlement types.

(a) Village:

• Village settlements are characterized by small populations and a close-knit community.
• Typically, they have limited infrastructure and basic amenities.
• Agricultural activities form the primary source of livelihood for the residents.
• Town settlements have larger populations compared to villages.
• They offer a wider range of services and amenities, including schools, hospitals, and markets.
• Economic activities are more diverse, with a mix of agricultural, industrial, and commercial sectors.

2. Factors Influencing Urban Growth

Urban centers experience growth due to various factors, including:

• Economic opportunities: The presence of industries, job opportunities, and a higher standard of living attract people to urban areas.
• Infrastructure development: The availability of better infrastructure, such as roads, electricity, and communication networks, contributes to urban growth.
• Social amenities: Urban centers offer better access to education, healthcare, entertainment, and recreational facilities.
• Migration: People may move to urban areas in search of better opportunities and improved living conditions.

Section 2: Key Concepts in Geography

1. great circle.

A great circle is the shortest distance between any two points on the surface of a sphere. It represents the intersection of a sphere with a plane that passes through its center. Great circles are important in navigation and aviation for determining the shortest routes between two locations on Earth.

2. Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the standard time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London. It is used as a reference point for calculating time zones around the world. GMT is based on the Earth’s rotation and is used as a standard time for various purposes, including international timekeeping and coordination of global activities.

3. Twilight

Twilight refers to the period of time before sunrise and after sunset when the sky is partially illuminated. It is divided into three stages: civil twilight, nautical twilight, and astronomical twilight. During twilight, there is still enough light for outdoor activities without the need for artificial lighting.

Dawn is the time of day when the first light appears in the sky before sunrise. It marks the transition from night to day and is often associated with the beginning of a new day. Dawn is a beautiful and serene time, with colors gradually changing in the sky as the sun rises.

5. International Date Line

The International Date Line is an imaginary line that roughly follows the 180° meridian. It serves as the dividing line between two consecutive calendar days. When crossing the International Date Line from east to west, you move back one day, and when crossing from west to east, you move forward one day.

Section 3: Compass Traversing and Sources of Error

1. back bearing.

Back bearing refers to the direction opposite to the forward bearing of a line. It is determined by adding 180° to the forward bearing. Back bearings are used in compass traversing to ensure accurate navigation and to retrace the steps taken during a journey.

2. Procedure for Compass Traversing

The procedure for compass traversing involves the following steps:

• Set up the compass on a level surface and ensure it is properly aligned with the magnetic north.
• Take a forward bearing in the desired direction and note the angle.
• Measure the distance traveled in that direction.
• Repeat the process for subsequent legs of the journey, noting the bearings and distances.
• Calculate the back bearings by adding 180° to the forward bearings.
• Plot the traversed course on a map using the bearings and distances recorded.

3. Sources of Error in Compass Traversing

There are several sources of error in compass traversing, including:

• Magnetic declination: The difference between magnetic north and true north can cause variation in compass readings.
• Local attraction: The presence of magnetic materials or electrical equipment in the vicinity can affect the accuracy of compass readings.
• Inaccurate measurements: Errors in measuring distances or recording bearings can lead to inaccuracies in compass traversing.

Section 4: Factors Affecting Temperature and Relief Rainfall

1. effects of latitude on temperature.

Latitude refers to the distance of a location from the equator. It has a significant influence on temperature. The effects of latitude on temperature include:

• As latitude increases (moving away from the equator), temperatures generally decrease.
• Areas near the equator experience high temperatures throughout the year due to the direct overhead position of the sun.
• Areas closer to the poles have lower temperatures, as the sun’s rays are more spread out and less intense.

2. Effects of Continentality on Temperature

Continentality refers to the distance of a location from the moderating influence of the ocean. It affects temperature in the following ways:

• Coastal areas experience milder temperatures due to the moderating effect of the ocean.
• Inland areas, far from the coast, are subject to more extreme temperature variations, with hotter summers and colder winters.
• The absence of large water bodies leads to less moisture in the air, resulting in drier climates.

3. Formation of Relief Rainfall

Relief rainfall occurs when moist air is forced to rise over elevated landforms, such as mountains. The process of relief rainfall formation involves the following steps:

• Moist air encounters a mountain range, forcing it to rise.
• As the air rises, it cools, causing the moisture to condense and form clouds.
• Condensation continues as the air reaches higher altitudes, leading to precipitation in the form of rainfall.
• The leeward side of the mountain experiences a rain shadow effect, with drier conditions due to the descending air.

Section 5: Formation and Types of Deltas

1. conditions favoring delta formation.

Delta formation requires specific conditions, including:

• Active vertical and lateral erosion at the upper and middle courses of a river.
• Deposition of sediments formed from the upper and middle courses at the river mouth.
• The presence of a sheltered, tide-less coast to prevent the dispersion of sediments into deep waters.
• Absence of large lakes in the river course that could trap the sediments.
• No strong current at the river mouth to wash away the sediments.

2. Types of Deltas

Deltas can be classified into different types based on their shape and formation process. Some common types include:

• Arcuate: These deltas have a curved shape and are formed when river sediments are deposited in a fan-like pattern.
• Bird’s foot: These deltas resemble the shape of a bird’s foot and are formed when river sediments are distributed in multiple channels.
• Estuarine: These deltas form at the mouth of a river where it meets the sea, often characterized by a mix of fresh and saltwater.
• Cuspate: These deltas have a triangular shape and are formed when river sediments are deposited in a triangular pattern.

Section 6: Climate Analysis and Station A

1. climatic data for station a.

(a) Plotting Climatic Data Graph:

(b) Calculations for Station A: i. Annual Rainfall: Sum of monthly rainfall = 0 + 3 + 15 + 20 + 74 + 125 + 213 + 264 + 143 + 25 + 0 + 0 = 882 mm ii. Mean Annual Temperature: Sum of monthly temperatures / 12 = (25 + 17 + 31 + 33 + 33 + 30 + 28 + 27 + 27 + 30 + 29 + 26) / 12 = 29.25°C

(c) Climate Type for Station A: Based on the provided climatic data, Station A exhibits a tropical climate with high temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons.

Section 7: Environmental Pollution and Its Effects

1. definition of environmental pollution.

Environmental pollution refers to the introduction of harmful substances or contaminants into the natural environment, resulting in adverse effects on living organisms and ecosystems. It can be caused by human activities, such as industrial processes, improper waste disposal, and emissions from vehicles.

2. Major Forms of Environmental Pollution

Four major forms of environmental pollution include:

• Air pollution: The release of harmful gases, particulate matter, and pollutants into the air, leading to respiratory problems and negative impacts on the environment.
• Water pollution: The contamination of water bodies, such as rivers, lakes, and oceans, with pollutants, chemicals, and waste, making it unsafe for human consumption and harmful to aquatic life.
• Soil pollution: The degradation of soil quality due to the presence of toxic substances, pesticides, heavy metals, and improper waste disposal, affecting plant growth and contaminating food sources.
• Noise pollution: The excessive and unwanted sounds that disrupt the environment, causing stress, hearing problems, and disturbances in wildlife habitats.

3. Effects of Environmental Pollution

Environmental pollution has various detrimental effects, including:

• Health issues: Exposure to polluted air, water, and soil can lead to respiratory problems, allergies, skin diseases, and even long-term health conditions.
• Ecosystem disruption: Pollution can harm biodiversity, disrupt ecological balance, and lead to the extinction of plant and animal species.
• Climate change: Certain forms of pollution, such as greenhouse gas emissions, contribute to global warming and climate change, leading to extreme weather events and environmental instability.
• Economic impact: Pollution can result in increased healthcare costs, reduced agricultural productivity, and damage to industries relying on natural resources.
• Social and cultural impacts: Pollution can degrade the quality of life, damage cultural heritage sites, and affect communities dependent on the environment for their livelihoods.

Section 8: Environmental Balance and the Water Cycle

1. definition of environmental balance.

Environmental balance refers to the state of equilibrium and harmony in ecosystems, where the interactions between living organisms and their environment are balanced. It involves maintaining biodiversity, minimizing pollution, and preserving natural resources for future generations.

2. The Water Cycle

The water cycle, also known as the hydrological cycle, is the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the Earth’s surface. It involves various processes, including evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff. The water cycle is crucial for maintaining the Earth’s water resources and plays a vital role in various natural processes.

3. Importance of the Water Cycle to Man

The water cycle is essential to human life in several ways:

• Water supply: The water cycle ensures the availability of freshwater for drinking, irrigation, and industrial use.
• Agriculture: Precipitation and runoff from the water cycle provide the necessary water for crop growth and food production.
• Hydropower: The water cycle drives the generation of hydropower, a renewable energy source.
• Climate regulation: The water cycle helps regulate global climate patterns by redistributing heat and moisture.
• Ecosystem support: The water cycle sustains aquatic ecosystems, providing habitats for diverse plant and animal species.

Section 9: Geographical Description of Chad Basin

1. relief and drainage.

The Chad Basin is characterized by a diverse relief and drainage system, including:

• Relief: The basin consists of low-lying plains, plateaus, and some low mountain ranges.
• Drainage: The main drainage feature is the Lake Chad Basin, which serves as a vital water source for surrounding countries. Several rivers, including the Chari, Logone, and Yobe, flow into the basin.

2. People, Population, and Settlement

The Chad Basin is home to various ethnic groups, including Kanuri, Hausa, Fulani, and Arab communities. The population is predominantly rural, with settlements scattered across the region. Livelihoods primarily revolve around agriculture, fishing, and pastoralism.

3. Economic Activities

Economic activities in the Chad Basin include:

• Agriculture: The fertile soils and availability of water resources support the cultivation of crops such as millet, sorghum, cotton, and vegetables.
• Fishing: The Lake Chad Basin provides a significant source of fish, supporting the local economy and food security.
• Pastoralism: Nomadic herding of cattle, sheep, and goats is a common economic activity in the region.
• Trade: The Chad Basin serves as a trade route, facilitating the exchange of goods between countries in Central Africa.

4. Problems of Development

The Chad Basin faces several challenges in terms of development, including:

• Water scarcity: The region experiences water scarcity due to shrinking water bodies and increased demand for irrigation and domestic use.
• Environmental degradation: Deforestation, overgrazing, and improper land use practices contribute to soil erosion and desertification.
• Political instability: Conflict and political instability in the region have hindered development efforts and led to displacement of communities.
• Poverty: The Chad Basin has high levels of poverty, limited access to basic services, and low human development indices.

Section 10: Conclusion

In conclusion, the NECO Human and Regional Geography Essay 2023 Questions and Answers provide valuable insights into various geographical concepts, settlement types, factors influencing urban growth, and the impact of environmental pollution. By understanding these topics, candidates can enhance their knowledge and prepare effectively for the upcoming examination. It is crucial to study the provided resources and engage in further research to gain a comprehensive understanding of Geography. Good luck to all the NECO candidates!

Remember, there are no shortcuts to success, and it is important to avoid fraudulent websites or individuals claiming to provide NECO Geography Expo online. Stay focused, study diligently, and trust in your abilities to excel in the examination.

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