critical thinking math game

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Increasing Critical Thinking Skills in Math

• Math , Planning

It’s important that we are building critical thinking skills in math. Too often these are overlooked or assumed that students do it because they have to problem solve sometimes. While that does help build the all-important critical thinking skills, we need to make sure we are also finding ways to purposely bring it into instruction.

One such way that I like to implement critical thinking skills in my math class is through a game called Puzzlers. Recently I discussed why you should use games in the classroom and this one is no exception. Games go beyond just having fun and “entertaining” students. They aren’t just fillers.

Building Critical Thinking Skills with the Puzzler Game

The puzzler game is a game that not only increases critical thinking skills, but it also practices both fact fluency and the order of operations!

In the puzzler game, students are given a target number. This happens by rolling a die or dice, but it can also be any chosen number between 1 and 36. For instance, I have randomly chosen the date before.

Next, students are provided with a 3×3 grid of the numbers 1 through 9 mixed up. (See the image below.)

Once students have their target number and a mixed up grid of the numbers 1-9, they are ready to begin. This is where the critical thinking skills will come in.

Now, students will need to come up with a way to use ONLY three numbers (in a row, diagonally, or in a column) to get that target number. They will do this by creating equations that total the target number. They can add, subtract, multiply, divide, or even come up with a combination of them. If needed, they can use parentheses. This is where knowing the order of operations is necessary!

For instance, let’s take the example above with the 9 numbers on the sticky notes. Let’s say that the target number was 18. The student could create these two equations to come up with the solution of the target number 18:

• (9 x 6) ÷ 3
• (9 + 8) – 1

Here’s an example of a puzzler card with multiple solutions:

What I love about this puzzler game is the variety of ways it can be used to help build critical thinking skills! For instance, students could list all of the equations, or solutions, to get the target number:

or go through multiple cards trying to list as many solutions as they can:

Or they could skip rolling the dice altogether and see how many solutions they can find for the target numbers one through ten. Why not even through in zero?!

Students love this game and it’s perfect for independent work, early finishers, small groups, and even enrichment. It’s differentiated and there are cards that are strictly for adding and subtracting for students who can’t multiply yet.

You don’t have to purchase my puzzler resource to play this critical thinking skills builder! You can easily create it in your classroom as a bulletin board and change out the numbers each day!

If you want to save some time, grab the extra differentiated materials, and the specifics, head to my store now to purchase it! It’s definitely worth it!

Click here to purchase this Puzzler Game.

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Favorite Math Board Games that Enhance Critical Thinking

Teaching math presents its challenges. Often times, students have anxiety and frustration when it comes to learning math. Students lack confidence and do not want to risk embarrassing themselves in front of their peers. If we have extra time in our schedule or finish early, I bring out the board games. Students enjoy these games and do not always realize they are improving their basic math skills. These math board games are perfect for the upper grades to build mathematical confidence.

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Table of Contents

Benefits of Using Math Board Games

I grew up having game night with my family, so I developed a love for games at an early age. It is now something I have carried over to my own family and in my classroom.

Incorporating board games into math class can transform the learning experience, making it engaging , interactive , and enjoyable . Board games provide a unique platform for students to apply mathematical concepts, develop problem-solving skills, and foster collaborative learning.

Math Board Game Requirements

Before I add a new board game to my classroom collection, I purchase a personal set and play with my family. The games must meet certain requirements before I will use them to my classroom. 

• Quick playing time. I try to keep the playing time no more than 15 minutes.
• Few rules. I want the games I use in my classroom to be quick and easy to learn.
• Minimal playing pieces. Children lose things and that will include pieces to a board game. I want to make sure there are minimal pieces.
• Strategy games. I really like games that involve strategy to win because it will encourage more critical thinking.

Favorite Math Board Games

1. mastermind.

The codebreaker tries to crack the code using logic and reasoning. This game is great for practicing permutations because the code must be in the correct order. With over 2,000 possible codes, the game is different every time. For 2 players ages 8 and up.

This game is similar to ultimate tic-tac-toe. It takes the simple game of tic-tac-toe and turns it into a multi-level game by playing 10 games at once! This game provides great mathematical practice and strategy to win!

Improve mental math skills through this fast-paced, fun math game. Sharpen your multiplication, division, addition, subtraction, and square root skills. Best for 2–6 players ages 9–109! The goal of the game is to make an equation using the cards in play. Shout the result and prove your answer. Keep the cards if your equation is correct. The player with the most cards at the end of the game wins!

4. Prime Climb

Prime Climb is perfect for any STEM classroom because it builds fluency in multiplication, division, factorization, and prime number concepts. Best for ages 10+ and can be played with 1–4 players.

This entertaining card game provides great addition practice for two-digit numbers. You try to earn the fewest number of points by flipping, trading, and collecting cards. For 2–8 players ages 8+.

Set is a classic math game. Race to collect sets of cards (attributes are either all the same or all different). This game builds cognitive, logical, and spacial reasoning skills. Great for ages 8+ and the more players, the faster the game!

7. Absolute Zero

This deck of cards contains positive and negative numbers. Players must combine cards to make a sum of zero. This is fun for young and older learners. 

Bonus* Charty Party

Think of this game as Apples to Apples but with graphs. This game is fun and students love it, but this is one that does not require a big strategy or thinking to win. I usually use this game when all of my classes do not meet like after the in-school ACT test.

Looking for a list of helpful math resources?

You don’t want to miss out on this Google Slides Binder .

By incorporating elements of play, laughter, and healthy competition, the inherent anxiety associated with math can be reduced. Students are more likely to embrace challenges, take risks, and persist in problem-solving when they perceive math as an enjoyable activity rather than a daunting task. 

Do you play board games that require a little math in your class or with your family? Let me know in the comments what your favorite math-y board games are. I would love to add them to my collection.

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Critical Thinking Games That Will Challenge Your Mind

• gbateson99's Blog

Another week, another batch of new games on Coolmath Games. This week, the theme of our content is critical thinking games. In these new games, players will have to use their noggin if they want to go far. While the games all vary in gameplay, they all require the ability to think through problems in order to figure out how to get past the roadblocks and make it to the next level. Whether it’s jumping, sliding, or lining up colors, you will be sure to get a wide variety of gaming experiences.

While everyone loves action-packed games such as Moto X3M and Awesome Tanks , critical thinking games can be a great change of pace. Along with this, these games can actually have positive neurological effects on your brain, strengthening skills such as problem-solving and memory. To learn more about how video games like these can benefit you, check out our Coolmath blog here . 

With that being said, let’s take a look at some of the new critical thinking games that have been released this week, and why you should make sure to go and check them out when you have the time.

Wup! A game that is almost as much fun to play as it is to say out loud. Wup is about as simple as it gets in terms of controls. Players are only allowed to move left. No jumping, no turning back, no ducking, no shooting, just moving left. As you can probably guess, the controls aren’t too hard to pickup, at most, it will take you about 10 seconds to learn.

So how is this fun you might ask? Well, players will have to have immaculate timing as they dodge razor-sharp spikes coming for them. Along with that, you will also have to think about when you are going to try and continue throughout the map, as poor timing and planning will likely result in your downfall. 

For having such a simple concept, Wup is surprisingly addicting. There is something so satisfying about barely dodging the spikes, and relying only on your timing and planning rather than your ability to use all of the different controls well is a fun change of pace.

The idea of Mosaic is that players are given a set of tiles, which they must match up together. Tiles have to line up with one another in order for the colors to match. Once all of the tiles are placed down and matched, the level is completed and you move on to the next one!

While this concept may sound simple, it gets extremely complicated as you progress through the levels. The first 5 or 10 levels may be a breeze, but just wait until you start getting near the last levels. With hundreds of variations of where the tiles can go, Mosaic proves itself to be one of the more difficult critical thinking games.

So put your skills to the test and see if you can get through all 50 levels of this game!

Your goal in 1 Square is to get rid of all the numbered boxes that surround you. Every time you jump on a box, the number of the box goes down by 1. Once it hits zero, the box disappears and you are unable to jump onto the space where the box once was.

Players must plan ahead, as they may destroy some boxes too quickly and forget to leave a path for them to get to the other squares. 

Along with this, players are on a time limit. A flood is slowly rising from the bottom of the map and will wash away players if they take too much time. Make sure to be quick, but don’t hurry through the map and start destroying boxes at random. This addition of a time limit makes 1 Square one of the more stressful yet fun critical thinking games that we have at Coolmath Games.

So whichever new critical thinking game you decide to start with this week, you are sure to have both a challenging and fun experience. Once you get done playing these new games, you can head over to the Thinking Games playlist here to challenge yourself even more.

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7 Games for Critical Thinking that Add Play to Your Day

Let’s talk about the importance of PLAY and games in our classrooms today. Do you agree with the following?

Learning should be fun.

Learning should be engaging.

Learning should be JOYFUL!

I thought so! For children (and adults) play is a key the way the brain learns. When our students complete puzzles, they are working on problem-solving skills. When they play a game with rules to follow, they are learning how to cooperate and interact with others. When they play against an opponent, they are learning how to develop strategies, predict outcomes, and use logical thinking skills.  What a better way to squeeze in play than with critical thinking games in the classroom? In this post, I’ll share seven of my favorite critical thinking games for primary students.

For your convenience, I’ve added links to the materials I talk about within the blog post. These are Amazon Affiliate links. This just means Amazon tosses a few cents my way if you make a purchase with the links – at absolutely, positively, no extra cost to you! These little links help me to continue sharing ideas, freebies, and giveaways with you on the site. 

Finding Time for Games in the Classroom

Time. It’s a four-letter word that teachers across the world have a love-hate relationship with. “There’s not enough time!” is a phrase one will frequently hear from a kindergarten teacher as much as a middle school teacher. We know that our students need time to play and have fun in school. We know that games promote SO MANY wonderful skills and brain-friendly challenges for our students.  In addition to Pinterest, teaching blogs, IG, and educational websites, I like to turn to the shelves of stores such as Target, Walmart, and Toys R Us for critical thinking games that my students will love to play! There are TONS of educational and high-quality games that you can find pre-assembled and ready to go- for a great price! So, when can we squeeze games into the classroom? Below are some of my favorite times to add board games and mind-challenging games into our schedule:

• Morning Work
• Small Groups
• Indoor Recess
• Friday Game Days (Use small group time or morning work time for games!)
• Math Centers
• Literacy Centers
• Word Work Centers

Teaching Students How to Play

It’s important to model how to play each game with your students. The critical thinking games I am going to share in this post take a lot of brain energy! They are designed to be fun- but challenging- for your students. As a result, don’t expect students to pick up how to play instantly and be able to independently play the games right away. I like to model and play the games with my students at the small group table. For example, every time I introduce a new Brainamin short or long vowel game as a word work center for my students, we play it at the small group table. I do this for math and literacy centers, too.  In this way, I can correctly show students the materials, the rules, and I can even play with them to model my thinking and let them hear what I am thinking as I strategize my next moves and make decisions throughout the game. When students have had ample time to play and see how the game works WITH you, they will be more confident and have more fun when they play with their friends and classmates.

Organizing Your Games

Whenever possible, I like to get rid of the boxes the games come in and put them into plastic tubs. The boxes just seem to deteriorate over time, and the lids on the plastic bins help us keep everything tidy and organized. I use many of my critical thinking games during morning work time on Mondays and Fridays and during math and literacy centers. (On Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursdays we use my See, Think, Wonder, Write routine for morning work .) I will be sharing more about my morning tub time (or what I like to call, Brain Bins) in future blog posts. For now, you can find the bins I use to store my critical thinking games in the links below. You’ll find two sizes of bins. For games that have a board game to them, I like to use the larger, flatter bins. For card games or other critical thinking materials such as the toys and activities I mentioned in this post , I use the medium bins because they take up less space and are really deep!

Medium Bins:

Now, let’s get started learning about seven really fun games that you can use for centers in your classroom. These games will challenge your students’ minds, while encouraging them to use problem-solving, critical thinking, logical thinking, deductive reasoning skills, and most importantly, have fun learning!

Hoot Owl Hoot

If you teach little ones, Hoot Owl Hoot is a MUST. Hoot Owl Hoot is designed by a company called Peaceable Kingdom. This is an award-winning game that focuses on cooperative play. (The game won the  Oppenheim Toy Portfolio Platinum Award.) The object of the game is to help the owls fly back to their nest before the sun comes up. Students use color cards to move the owls closer to the nest. If they draw a sun card, they are one step closer to daylight. The BEST part of this game? EVERYONE wins! That’s right. The students must work together to get all of the owls to their nest. Whether you have a preschooler at home or teach kindergarten or first grade, this is a great game for kids! On top of the cooperative play, students have to use problem-solving skills and shared decision-making skills to be successful. It’s truly a wonderful game that challenges little ones’ thinking skills while having fun with friends!

SEQUENCE LETTERS

Sequence Letters is a game designed for ages 4-7, making it the perfect literacy and word work center for the kindergarten and first-grade classroom. To play, students name the letter on their card, say the sound for that letter, and then match it to a picture on the board that begins with that letter sound. The object is to get five of your game tokens in a row on the board. Can we talk about how perfect this game is for an intervention group or kindergarten small reading lesson?! What I love even more is that the letter cards feature the letter in both uppercase and lowercase, so students are seeing both forms every time they play. Sequence Letters is a game that every primary teacher needs to add to their classrooms!

SEQUENCE FOR KIDS

Sequence for Kids is another version in the Sequence games line-up. This is a great critical thinking game for students who cannot yet read, and it makes the perfect indoor recess game for strategy skills! At first, the initial concept of the game seems TOO easy: Students simply place a token on the picture on the board that matches the picture on their card. When a player gets four tokens in a row, he or she wins. Don’t let this game fool you! There is a lot of thinking-rich strategy skills involved when playing this game. You see, in addition to the picture cards, there are also unicorn and dragon cards. A unicorn card allows you to place your game token anywhere on the board. A dragon card allows you to remove an opponent’s game token. Now, you’ve got a game that involves some “if this…then that” thinking! Which, my friends, are the games I love for kids! You can find Sequence for Kids below:

Brain-Freeze

If you don’t own Brain-Freeze , RUN and get it! It is not only engaging, fun, and child-friendly, but it is the perfect strategy game for young students ages 5 and up. Brain-Freeze reminds me of a cooler version of Guess Who for kids. It also builds mental skills such as memory, deductive-reasoning, and strategy skills. It received multiple awards for children and only takes about 15 minutes to play. That amount of playing time makes it an ideal game to place in a literacy center or math center for kindergarten, first-grade, and second-grade students. To play, one child chooses a sweet treat off of the “menu” and circles characteristics of the treat on their game board. The other child guesses and asks questions about what the sweet treat is, just like in the game, Guess Who? Using a dry-erase marker, the player who is guessing crosses out and eliminates different choices based on the clues and the answers the first player gives. The object is to correctly guess the sweet treat the first player secretly chose at the beginning of the game. This game is also wonderful for asking questions and using inference skills! Find it here:

Let’s move on to some more challenging games. These next few games are great for second-grade and up. On the Dot is a challenging puzzle game that requires focus, creative thinking, and an ability to look at things from new perspectives. It’s a true brainteaser that students will love! To play, students choose two transparent cards. The cards have colored dots on them. The student must rotate, flip, turn, or overlap the cards in order to get the dots on both cards to match up. This game is great for building and practicing logical thinking, spatial reasoning, and problem-solving. With 60 different puzzles to match up, On the Dot is a game that can stay in your bins for a long time!

Swish is a game designed for ages 8 and up. It reminds me of On the Dot with transparent cards and colored hoops, or circles. Players take turns stacking and matching up the colored cards. When a match is made, the player keeps both cards. The player with the most matches wins. After playing this game a few times, I decided the Swish Junior game would be the best version to start with in the primary classroom. The pace would go faster and kindergarten and first-grade students would feel more confident and successful. In the Junior version (ages 5+), players layer or stack two or more transparent cards to make a match. The cards have shapes on them in various colors and sizes, making it a much better game for primary students! The Junior version would be great for building spatial reasoning skills and promoting shape recognition. You can find the Swish Junior version below:

For my last critical thinking game, I can’t get enough of my Brainamin games! In this post, I’ll feature the CVC-e and long vowel edition , but I also have a Brainamin Short Vowel Bundle and a B rainamin Vowel Teams Bundle available, too. This is one of the best games to add to a morning tub or literacy center, and it’s certainly fun to use as a small group warm-up game! If you have students who are struggling with  decoding and phonics skills, these games also make a nice change of pace for an intervention group. To play, students flip over two cards: a word card, and a picture card. The students will scan the cards and find the matching word and picture, as shown below:

There is only one match, so the students must think fast and be the first person to find it. The student who finds the match first gets to keep both cards in his or her pile. The student who has the most matches in his or her pile at the end of the game wins. (You can also just play for fun and not keep “score” using the matches.) Let’s play again. Can you find the matching word and picture in the cards shown below?

SO fun, right?! What I love MOST about Brainamin is that you can play with a group of students, or with just two students. In fact, students can even play against themselves as an independent game as they race to find the matches among the deck of cards. Brainamin not only improves phonics skills but it also works on visual discrimination skills, critical thinking skills, deductive reasoning, decoding, and fluency for word recall. You can find the different Brainamin bundles and games that I have available by below:

• Brainamin Short Vowels (cvc words)
• Brainamin Long Vowels (cvc-e words)
• Brainamin Vowel Teams
• …more to come in the future!

Try Brainamin for FREE!

You can learn more about critical thinking AND get a FREE Brainamin Short A game pack in a blog post I wrote by clicking HERE or on the blog post image below:

I hope you enjoyed learning about these seven games for critical thinking in the primary classroom! I know they will add fun, play, and lots of great thinking skills into your classroom routine. In order to save this post for later or share it with a colleague, feel free to use the image below to PIN IT on Pinterest !

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One Comment

Loved all the games which you have shared with us. Perfect way to engage kids in such fun games for long hours which helps to nurture their overall growth. In this world of technology. where kids are inclined more towards playing online or video games, which affects their physical as well as mental growth. I think it the responsibility of parents to involve kids in games or activities which helps to improve their overall development. Saved your entire list of games to incorporate these in regular kids play. Thanks for sharing such an awesome list of games with us.

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20 Best Math Puzzles to Engage and Challenge Your Students

Written by Maria Kampen

Reviewed by Joshua Prieur, Ed.D.

Solve the hardest puzzle

Use Prodigy Math to boost engagement, offer differentiated instruction and help students enjoy math.

• Teacher Resources

1. Math crossword puzzles

2. math problem search, 3. math riddles.

It’s time for math class, and your students are bored.

It might sound harsh, but it’s true -- less than half of 8th grade students report being engaged at school according to this Gallup survey , and engagement levels only drop as students get older.

Math puzzles are one of the best -- and oldest -- ways to encourage student engagement. Brain teasers, logic puzzles and math riddles give students challenges that encourage problem-solving and logical thinking. They can be used in classroom gamification , and to inspire students to tackle problems they might have previously seen as too difficult.

Math puzzles for kids

Puzzles to Print

Take a crossword, and make it math: that’s the basic concept behind this highly adaptable math challenge. Instead of words, students use numbers to complete the vertical and horizontal strips. Math crossword puzzles can be adapted to teach concepts like money, addition, or rounding numbers. Solutions can be the products of equations or numbers given by clues.

Have students practice their addition, subtraction, multiplication and division skills by searching for hidden math equations in a word search-style puzzle . It can be adapted to any skill you want students to practice, and promotes a solid understanding of basic math facts.

My PreCalc students love riddles... can you figure out where the other dollar went?? #MathRiddles pic.twitter.com/BclqW9nq98 — Rachel Frasier (@MsFrasierMHS) January 8, 2019

Do your students love word problems ? Try giving them some math riddles that combine critical thinking with basic math skills. Put one up on the board for students to think about before class begins, or hand them out as extra practice after they’ve finished their work.

Prodigy is an engaging, game-based platform that turns math into an adventure! While it’s not a math puzzle in the traditional sense, Prodigy uses many of the same principles to develop critical thinking skills and mathematical fluency.

Students complete standards-aligned math questions to earn coins, collect pets and go on quests. Teachers can deliver differentiated math content to each student, prep for standardized tests and easily analyze student achievement data with a free account.

See how it works below!

KenKenKenKen

is a “grid-based numerical puzzle” that looks like a combined number cross and sudoku grid. Invented in 2004 by a famous Japanese math instructor named Tetsuya Miyamoto, it is featured daily in The New York Times and other newspapers. It challenges students to practice their basic math skills while they apply logic and critical thinking skills to the problem.

6. Pre-algebraic puzzles

Pre-algebraic puzzles use fun substitutions to get students ready to perform basic functions and encourage them to build problem-solving skills. They promote abstract reasoning and challenge students to think critically about the problems in front of them. As an added bonus, students who suffer from math anxiety might find the lack of complicated equations reassuring, and be more willing to attempt a solution.

7. Domino puzzle board

Games 4 Gains

There are hundreds of ways to use dominoes in your math classroom, but this puzzle gives students a chance to practice addition and multiplication in a fun, hands-on way. You can have students work alone or in pairs to complete the puzzle.

This online game and app challenges players to slide numbered tiles around a grid until they reach 2048. It’s super fun and not as easy as it sounds, so consider sending it home with students or assigning it after the rest of the lesson is over. It encourages students to think strategically about their next move, and it’s a great tool for learning about exponents.

Math in English

Kakuro , also called “Cross Sums,” is another mathematical crossword puzzle. Players must use the numbers one through nine to reach “clues” on the outside of the row. Decrease the size of the grid to make it easier for younger players, or keep it as is for students who need a challenge. Students can combine addition and critical thinking and develop multiple skills with one fun challenge.

10. Magic square

Magic squares have been around for thousands of years, and were introduced to Western civilization by translated Arabic texts during the Renaissance. While magic squares can be a variety of sizes, the three by three grid is the smallest possible version and is the most accessible for young students.

This is also a great math puzzle to try if your students are tactile learners. Using recycled bottle caps, label each with a number from one to nine. Have your students arrange them in a three by three square so that the sum of any three caps in a line (horizontally, vertically and diagonally) equals 15.

11. Perimeter magic triangle

This activity uses the same materials and concept as the magic square, but asks students to arrange the numbers one to six in a triangle where all three sides equal the same number. There are a few different solutions to this puzzle, so encourage students to see how many they can find.

Sudoku is an excellent after-lesson activity that encourages logical thinking and problem solving. You’ve probably already played this classic puzzle, and it’s a great choice for your students. Sudoku puzzles appear in newspapers around the world every day, and there are hundreds of online resources that generate puzzles based on difficulty.

13. Flexagon

There’s a pretty good chance that by now, fidget spinners have infiltrated your classroom. If you want to counter that invasion, consider challenging your students to create flexagons. Flexagons are paper-folded objects that can be transformed into different shapes through pinching and folding, and will keep wandering fingers busy and focused on the wonders of geometry.

14. Turn the fish

This puzzle seems simple, but it just might stump your students. After setting up sticks in the required order, challenge them to make the fish swim in the other direction -- by moving just three matchsticks.

15. Join the dots

Cool Math 4 Kids

This puzzle challenges students to connect all the dots in a three by three grid using only four straight lines. While it may sound easy, chances are that it will take your class a while to come up with the solution. (Hint: it requires some “out of the box” thinking.)

16. Brain teasers

While they don’t always deal directly with math skills, brain teasers can be important tools in the development of a child’s critical thinking skills. Incorporate brain teasers into a classroom discussion, or use them as math journal prompts and challenge students to explain their thinking.

Bonus: For a discussion on probability introduce an older class to the Monty Hall Problem, one of the most controversial math logic problems of all time.

17. Tower of Hanoi

This interactive logic puzzle was invented by a French mathematician named Edouard Lucas in 1883. It even comes with an origin story: According to legend, there is a temple with three posts and 64 golden disks.

Priests move these disks in accordance with the rules of the game, in order to fulfill a prophecy that claims the world will end with the last move of the puzzle. But not to worry -- it’s going to take the priests about 585 billion years to finish, so you’ll be able to fit in the rest of your math class.

Starting with three disks stacked on top of each other, students must move all of the disks from the first to the third pole without stacking a larger disk on top of a smaller one. Older students can even learn about the functions behind the solution: the minimum number of moves can be expressed by the equation 2n-1, where n is the number of disks.

18. Tangram

Tangram puzzles -- which originated in China and were brought to Europe during the early 19th century through trade routes -- use seven flat, geometric shapes to make silhouettes. While Tangrams are usually made out of wood, you can make sets for your class out of colored construction paper or felt.

Tangrams are an excellent tool for learners who enjoy being able to manipulate their work, and there are thousands of published problems to keep your students busy.

Similar to Sudoku, Str8ts challenges players to use their logic skills to place numbers in blank squares. The numbers might be consecutive, but can appear in any order. For example, a row could be filled with 5, 7, 4, 6 and 8 . This puzzle is better suited to older students, and can be used as a before-class or after-lesson activity to reinforce essential logic skills.

20. Mobius band

Is it magic? Is it geometry? Your students will be so amazed they might have a hard time figuring it out. Have them model the problem with strips of paper and see for themselves how it works in real life. With older students, use mobius bands to talk about geometry and surface area.

Why use math puzzles to teach?

Math puzzles encourage critical thinking.

Critical thinking and logic skills are important for all careers, not just STEM-related ones. Puzzles challenge students to understand structure and apply logical thinking skills to new problems.

A study from the Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education found that puzzles “develop logical thinking, combinatorial abilities, strengthen the capacity of abstract thinking and operating with spatial images, instill critical thinking and develop mathematical memory.”

All these skills allow young students to build a foundation of skills they’ll draw on for the rest of their lives, no matter what kind of post-secondary route they pursue.

They help build math fluency

Math games can help students build a basic understanding of essential math concepts, and as another study shows, can also help them retain concepts longer .

In the study, early elementary students gradually moved from using the “counting” part of their brains to complete math problems to the “remembering” part that adults use, suggesting math puzzles and repeated problems can help build the essential skill of math fluency .

Many of the math puzzles above allow students to practice essential addition, subtraction, multiplication and division skills, while advanced or modified problems can be used to introduce pre-algebraic concepts and advanced logic skills.

Math puzzles connect to existing curricula

No matter what curriculum you’re using, there’s a good chance it emphasizes problem-solving, critique and abstract thinking. This is especially true of Common Core math and similar curricula.

How Math Skills Impact Student Development

Math puzzles allow students to develop foundational skills in a number of key areas, and can influence how students approach math practically and abstractly. You can also tie them into strategies like active learning and differentiated instruction.

Instead of just teaching facts and formulas, math puzzles allow you to connect directly with core standards in the curriculum. You can also use them to provide a valuable starting point for measuring how well students are developing their critical thinking and abstract reasoning skills.

Tips for using math puzzles in the classroom

View this post on Instagram A post shared by Sarah Werstuik (@teach.plan.love)

Now that you’ve got some great math puzzles, it might be tricky to figure out how to best incorporate them into your classroom. Here are some suggestions for making the most of your lesson time:

Make sure the puzzles are the right level for your class

If the problems are too easy, students will get bored and disengage from the lesson. However, if the problems are too difficult to solve, there’s a good chance they’ll get frustrated and give up early.

There’s a time and a place

While fun math puzzles are a great way to engage your students in developing critical thinking skills, they’re not a tool for teaching important math concepts. Instead, use them to reinforce the concepts they’ve already learned.

Kitty Rutherford , a Mathematics Consultant in North Carolina, emphasizes that math puzzles and games shouldn’t be based solely on mental math skills , but on “conceptual understanding” that builds fluency over time. Math puzzles help build the essential balance between thinking and remembering.

Give them space to figure it out

Rachel Keen , from the Department of Psychology at the University of Virginia, conducted a study about problem-solving skills in preschoolers. She found that “playful, exploratory learning leads to more creative and flexible use of materials than does explicit training from an adult.”

Give your students space to struggle with a problem and apply their own solutions before jumping in to help them. If the problem is grade-appropriate and solvable, students will learn more from applying their own reasoning to it than just watching you solve it for them.

Model puzzles for your students

Use problems like the mobius strip to awe and amaze your students before drawing them into a larger discussion about the mathematical concept that it represents. If possible, make math puzzles physical using recycled craft supplies or modular tools.

Afterward, have a class discussion or put up math journal prompts. What methods did your students try? What tools did they use? What worked and what didn’t? Having students explicitly state how they got to their solution (or even where they got stuck) challenges them to examine their process and draw conclusions from their experience.

Final thoughts on math puzzles

Be aware that it might take a while to get all your students on board -- they could be hesitant about approaching unfamiliar problems or stuck in the unenthusiasm that math class often brings. Consider creating a weekly leaderboard in your classroom for the students that complete the most puzzles, or work through a few as a class before sending students off on their own.

Instead of yawns and bored stares , get ready to see eager participants and thoughtful concentration. Whether you choose to use them as an after-class bonus, a first day of school activity or as part of a targeted lesson plan, math puzzles will delight your students while also allowing them to develop critical skills that they’ll use for the rest of their lives.

What are you waiting for? Get puzzling!

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How To Encourage Critical Thinking in Math

By Mary Montero

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Critical thinking is more than just a buzzword… It’s an essential skill that helps students develop problem-solving abilities and make logical connections between different concepts. By encouraging critical thinking in math, students learn to approach problems more thoughtfully, they learn to analyze and evaluate math concepts, identify patterns and relationships, and explore different strategies for finding the solution. Critical thinking also involves a great deal of persistence. Those are critical life skills!

When you think about it, students are typically asked to solve math problems and find the answer. Showing their work is frequently stressed too, which is important, but not the end. Instead, students need to be able to look at math in different ways in order to truly grasp a complete understanding of math concepts. Mathematics requires logical reasoning, problem-solving, and abstract thinking.

What Does Critical Thinking in Math Look Like?

When I think about critical thinking in math, I focus on:

• Solving problems through logical thinking . Students learn how to break down complex problems, analyze the different parts, and understand how they fit together logically.
• Identifying patterns and making connections. Students learn how to identify patterns across different math concepts, make connections between seemingly unrelated topics, and develop a more in-depth understanding of how math works.
• Evaluating and comparing solutions. Students learn to evaluate which solution is best for a given problem and identify any flaws in their reasoning or others’ reasoning when looking at different solutions

Mathematician Posters

These FREE Marvelous Mathematician posters have been a staple in my classroom for the last 8+ years! I first started using a version from MissMathDork and adapted them for my classroom over the years. 

I print, laminate, and add magnetic stickers on the back. At the beginning of the year, I only put one or two up at a time depending on our area of focus. Now, they are all hanging on my board, and I’ll pull out different ones depending on our area of focus. They are so empowering to my mathematicians and help them stay on track!

A Marvelous Mathematician:

• knows that quicker doesn’t mean better
• looks for patterns
• knows mistakes happen and keeps going
• makes sense of the most important details
• embraces challenges and works through frustrations
• uses proper math vocabulary to explain their thinking
• shows their work and models their thinking
• discusses solutions and evaluates reasonableness
• gives context by labeling answers
• applies mathematical knowledge to similar situations
• checks for errors (computational and conceptual)

Critical Thinking Math Activities

Here are a few of my favorite critical thinking activities. 

Square Of Numbers

I love to incorporate challenge problems (use Nrich and Openmiddle to get started) because they teach my students so much more than how to solve a math problem. They learn important lessons in teamwork, persistence, resiliency, and growth mindset. We talk about strategies for tackling difficult problems and the importance of not giving up when things get hard.

This square of numbers challenge was a hit!

ALL kids need to feel and learn to embrace challenge. Oftentimes, kids I see have rarely faced an academic challenge. Things have just come easy to them, so when it doesn’t, they can lack strategies that will help them. In fact, they will often give up before they even get started.

I tell them it’s my job to make sure I’m helping them stretch and grow their brain by giving them challenges. They don’t love it at first, but they eventually do! 

This domino challenge was another one from Nrich . I’m always on the hunt for problems like this!!  How would you guide students toward an answer??

Fifteen Cards

This is a well-loved math puzzle with my students, and it’s amazing for encouraging students to consider all options when solving a math problem.

We have number cards 1-15 (one of each number) and only seven are laid out. With the given clues, students need to figure out which seven cards should be put out and in what order. My students love these, and after they’ve done a few, they enjoy creating their own, too! Use products, differences, and quotients to increase the challenge.

This is also adapted from Nrich, which is an AMAZING resource for math enrichment!

This is one of my favorite fraction lessons that I’ve done for years! Huge shout out to Meg from The Teacher Studio for this one. I give each child a slip of paper with this figure and they have to silently write their answer and justification. Then I tally up the answers and have students take a side and DEBATE with their reasoning! It’s an AMAZING conversation, and I highly recommend trying it with your students. 

Sometimes we leave it hanging overnight and work on visual models to make some proofs. 

Logic Puzzles

Logic puzzles are always a hit too! You can enrich and extend your math lessons with these ‘Math Mystery’ logic puzzles that are the perfect challenge for 4th, 5th, and 6th grades. The puzzles are skills-based, so they integrate well with almost ANY math lesson. You can use them to supplement instruction or challenge your fast-finishers and gifted students… all while encouraging critical thinking about important math skills!

Three levels are included, so they’re perfect to use for differentiation.

• Introductory logic puzzles are great for beginners (4th grade and up!)
• Advanced logic puzzles are great for students needing an extra challenge
• Extra Advanced logic puzzles are perfect for expert solvers… we dare you to figure these puzzles out! 

Do you have a group of students who are ready for more of a fraction challenge? My well-loved fraction puzzlers are absolutely perfect for fraction enrichment. They’ll motivate your students to excel at even the most challenging tasks! 

Math Projects

Math projects are another way to differentiation while building critical thinking skills. Math projects hold so much learning power with their real-world connections, differentiation options, collaborative learning opportunities, and numerous avenues for cross curricular learning too. 

If you’re new to math projects, I shared my best tips and tricks for using math projects in this blog post . They’re perfect for cumulative review, seasonal practice, centers, early finisher work, and more.

I use both concept-based math projects to focus on specific standards and seasonal math projects that integrate several skills.

Error Analysis

Finally, error analysis is always a challenging way to encourage critical thinking. When we use error analysis, we encourage students to analyze their own mistakes to prevent making the same mistakes in the future.

For my gifted students, I use error analysis tasks as an assessment when they have shown mastery of a unit during other tasks. For students in the regular classroom needing enrichment, I usually have them complete the tasks in a center or with a partner.

For students needing extra support, we complete error analysis in small groups.  We go step-by-step through the concept and they are always able to eventually identify what the error is. It is so empowering to students when they finally figure out the error AND it helps prevent them from making the same error in the future!

My FREE addition error analysis is a good place to start, no matter the grade level. I show them the process of walking through the problem and how best to complete an error analysis task.

When you’re ready for more, this bundle of error analysis tasks contains more than 240 tasks to engage and enrich your students in critical thinking practice.

If you want to dig even deeper, visit this conceptual vs computational error analysis post to learn more about using error analysis in the classroom. 

Related Critical Thinking Posts

• How to Increase Critical Thinking and Creativity in Your “Spare” Time
• More Tips to Increase Critical Thinking

Critical thinking is essential for students to develop a deeper understanding of math concepts, problem-solving skills, and a stronger ability to reason logically. When you learn how to encourage critical thinking in math, you’re setting your students up for success not only in more advanced math subjects they’ll encounter, but also in life. 

How do you integrate critical thinking in your classroom? Come share your ideas with us in our FREE Inspired In Upper Elementary Facebook group .

Mary Montero

I’m so glad you are here. I’m a current gifted and talented teacher in a small town in Colorado, and I’ve been in education since 2009. My passion (other than my family and cookies) is for making teachers’ lives easier and classrooms more engaging.

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Mary Thankyou for your inspirational activities. I have just read and loved the morning talk activities. I do have meetings with my students but usually at end of day. What time do you

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Critical thinking definition

Critical thinking, as described by Oxford Languages, is the objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgement.

Active and skillful approach, evaluation, assessment, synthesis, and/or evaluation of information obtained from, or made by, observation, knowledge, reflection, acumen or conversation, as a guide to belief and action, requires the critical thinking process, which is why it's often used in education and academics.

Some even may view it as a backbone of modern thought.

However, it's a skill, and skills must be trained and encouraged to be used at its full potential.

People turn up to various approaches in improving their critical thinking, like:

• Developing technical and problem-solving skills
• Engaging in more active listening
• Actively questioning their assumptions and beliefs
• Seeking out more diversity of thought
• Opening up their curiosity in an intellectual way etc.

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• What information should be included?
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• What degree of technical knowledge should the report assume its audience has?
• What is the most effective way to show information?
• How should the report be organized?
• How should it be designed?
• What tone and level of language difficulty should the document have?

Usage of critical thinking comes down not only to the outline of your paper, it also begs the question: How can we use critical thinking solving problems in our writing's topic?

Let's say, you have a Powerpoint on how critical thinking can reduce poverty in the United States. You'll primarily have to define critical thinking for the viewers, as well as use a lot of critical thinking questions and synonyms to get them to be familiar with your methods and start the thinking process behind it.

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Puzzles Games

Sneaky Shapes Game

Sharpen your observation skills and uncover hidden shapes.

Play Word Detective Game

Put your word skills to the test and solve puzzles like a detective.

Picture Perfect Game

Paint, draw, and express your artistic skills in this picture perfect game.

Challenge Two of a Kind Game

Sharpen your memory and find matching pairs in this engaging game.

All Logic & Thinking Games

Cooking Adventure Game

Get ready for a cooking adventure and satisfy hungry customers.

• Number Ninja: Fun Math Arcade Game

Become a number ninja and slice through math challenges.

Dive into Arty Crafty Game

Let your artistic skills shine and create amazing crafts.

Dive into Get Set Quiz Game

Get ready to quiz yourself and challenge your knowledge in this interactive game.

• Peek A Boo Game

Peek-a-boo! Have fun and uncover surprises in this engaging game.

Play Jumble Mania Game

Test your word skills and unravel the jumble in this exciting game.

Toss Up Game

Challenge your accuracy and toss objects to hit various targets.

Challenge Match-Up Puzzles Game

Test your memory and matching skills in this engaging puzzle game.

Dive into Sky Boxes Game

Test your stacking skills and reach new heights in this sky-high game.

Discover Shape Building Arty Crafty Game

Use your imagination and build various shapes in this engaging arty crafty game.

Play Shape Matching Arty Crafty Game

Sharpen your shape recognition skills and complete various shape matching activities in this engaging game.

Experience Polyword Game

Dive into the world of polywords and solve challenging puzzles.

Brain-Boosting Games for Young Minds

Explore a world of fun and educational games that challenge young minds to think critically, solve puzzles, and learn while having a blast. Our carefully curated selection of games is designed to spark curiosity, enhance problem-solving skills, and foster a love for learning in kids of all ages.

What are Logic and Thinking games?

Logic and thinking-themed games are interactive activities designed to challenge young minds by requiring them to use critical thinking, problem-solving, and strategic reasoning. These games involve creative challenges that stimulate cognitive development, enhance decision-making skills, and foster a love for learning in children. They provide an enjoyable way for kids to develop essential life skills while having fun.

What are the Types of Logic and Thinking Games Online?

These games come in various engaging forms, each offering a unique cognitive challenge. Here are some popular types:

• Shape Matching: Arty Crafty Game : In this game, young minds exercise their visual perception and spatial reasoning skills by matching shapes and patterns. It encourages creativity and helps improve attention to detail.
• Match Up!: Puzzles Game : Match Up! puzzles provide a mental workout, requiring players to find pairs or connections among objects, images, or symbols. This type of game enhances memory, concentration, and pattern recognition.
• Shape Building: Arty Crafty Games : Shape building games stimulate creativity and problem-solving as kids construct objects or scenes by fitting together various shapes. It fosters spatial awareness and encourages imagination.

What are the Benefits of Playing Logic and Thinking Games for Kids?

Engaging in these games offers numerous advantages for young minds:

• Enhanced Problem-Solving : Interactive Logic and thinking games to play encourage kids to tackle challenges, fostering strong problem-solving skills.
• Improved Critical Thinking : Playing promotes analytical thinking, helping children make reasoned decisions.
• Boosted Creativity : Logic games often involve creative solutions, nurturing imaginative thinking.
• Sharper Memory : Memory-based games enhance recall and concentration.

What are the Best Logic and Thinking Games?

Kids can enjoy these engaging these games on mobiles and tablets, combining fun and learning:

• Cooking Rush Game
• Arty Crafty Game
• Get-Set-Quiz Game
• Jumble Mania Game

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Math Detective®

Higher-order thinking • reading • writing in mathematics.

Grades: 3-8

Mathematics

•  Multiple Award Winner

This series uses topics and skills drawn from national math standards to prepare your students for advanced math courses and assessments that measure reasoning, reading comprehension, and writing in math. Students read a short story that includes a chart, table, or graph. Next they answer critical thinking questions to improve their understanding of the math concept and develop their critical thinking (comprehension) skills. Students can't just scan the story for answers—they must carefully analyze and synthesize the information from the text, chart, table, or graph to explain and support their answers. The questions in Math Detective® are modeled after questions found on high-stakes math assessments, but require more critical thinking. These problems are excellent preparation for assessments that require students to explain and support their answers. Stories are age-relevant, high-interest, and show students that math is integral to everyday activities. Each book contains a lesson that explains the concept of evidence, a chart of activity topics and key ideas to help parents and teachers select activities, and detailed answers.

Description and Features

All products in this series.

    • Our eBooks digital, electronic versions of the book pages that you may print to any paper printer.     • You can open the PDF eBook from any device or computer that has a PDF reader such as Adobe® Reader®.     • Licensee can legally keep a copy of this eBook on three different devices. View our eBook license agreement details here .     • You can immediately download your eBook from "My Account" under the "My Downloadable Product" section after you place your order.

    • The software version runs on Windows® operating system only at this time. See individual product's page for System Requirements details.     • Downloadable software can be immediately downloaded from "My Account" under the "My Downloadable Product" section after you place your order.

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