father's day essay in urdu

aaj ik aur baras biit gayā us ke baġhair

jis ke hote hue hote the zamāne mere

Sher on Father's Day

The love of father is just as strong as the love of mother. In the poems and couplets, the love and affection for father is depicted. We are presenting here a selection of poetry about the affection and sacrifice of a father. The intensity of emotions and the depth of feelings in the composition of these couplets will definitely touch the readers, please read the couplets and Share the shers.

Short story 2
Children's Story 1
Shayari Image 4

ghar lauT ke ro.eñge maañ baap akele meñ

miTTī ke khilaune bhī saste na the mele meñ

ghar lauT ke roenge man bap akele mein

miTTi ke khilaune bhi saste na the mele mein

maañ kī duā na baap kī shafqat kā saayā hai

aaj apne saath apnā janam din manāyā hai

man ki dua na bap ki shafqat ka saya hai

aaj apne sath apna janam din manaya hai

hameñ paḌhāo na rishtoñ kī koī aur kitāb

paḌhī hai baap ke chehre kī jhurriyāñ ham ne

hamein paDhao na rishton ki koi aur kitab

paDhi hai bap ke chehre ki jhurriyan hum ne

Tag: Father

maañ baap aur ustād sab haiñ ḳhudā kī rahmat

hai rok-Tok un kī haq meñ tumhāre ne.amat

man bap aur ustad sab hain KHuda ki rahmat

hai rok-Tok un ki haq mein tumhaare neamat

ye soch ke maañ baap kī ḳhidmat meñ lagā huuñ

is peḌ kā saayā mire bachchoñ ko milegā

ye soch ke man bap ki KHidmat mein laga hun

is peD ka saya mere bachchon ko milega

beTiyāñ baap kī āñkhoñ meñ chhupe ḳhvāb ko pahchāntī haiñ

aur koī dūsrā is ḳhvāb ko paḌh le to burā māntī haiñ

beTiyan bap ki aankhon mein chhupe KHwab ko pahchanti hain

aur koi dusra is KHwab ko paDh le to bura manti hain

mujh ko chhāñv meñ rakhā aur ḳhud bhī vo jaltā rahā

maiñ ne dekhā ik farishta baap kī parchhā.īñ meñ

mujh ko chhanw mein rakha aur KHud bhi wo jalta raha

main ne dekha ek farishta bap ki parchhain mein

un ke hone se baḳht hote haiñ

baap ghar ke daraḳht hote haiñ

un ke hone se baKHt hote hain

bap ghar ke daraKHt hote hain

mujh ko thakne nahīñ detā ye zarūrat kā pahāḌ

mere bachche mujhe būḌhā nahīñ hone dete

mujh ko thakne nahin deta ye zarurat ka pahaD

mere bachche mujhe buDha nahin hone dete

azīz-tar mujhe rakhtā hai vo rag-e-jāñ se

ye baat sach hai mirā baap kam nahīñ maañ se

aziz-tar mujhe rakhta hai wo rag-e-jaan se

ye baat sach hai mera bap kam nahin man se

bachche merī uñglī thāme dhīre dhīre chalte the

phir vo aage dauḌ ga.e maiñ tanhā pīchhe chhūT gayā

bachche meri ungli thame dhire dhire chalte the

phir wo aage dauD gae main tanha pichhe chhuT gaya

merā bhī ek baap thā achchhā sā ek baap

vo jis jagah pahuñch ke marā thā vahīñ huuñ maiñ

mera bhi ek bap tha achchha sa ek bap

wo jis jagah pahunch ke mara tha wahin hun main

jab bhī vālid kī jafā yaad aa.ī

apne daadā kī ḳhatā yaad aa.ī

jab bhi walid ki jafa yaad aai

apne dada ki KHata yaad aai

in kā uThnā nahīñ hai hashr se kam

ghar kī dīvār baap kā saayā

in ka uThna nahin hai hashr se kam

ghar ki diwar bap ka saya

vo peḌ jis kī chhāñv meñ kaTī thī umr gaañv meñ

maiñ chuum chuum thak gayā magar ye dil bharā nahīñ

wo peD jis ki chhanw mein kaTi thi umr ganw mein

main chum chum thak gaya magar ye dil bhara nahin

haDDiyāñ baap kī guude se huī haiñ ḳhālī

kam se kam ab to ye beTe bhī kamāne lag jaa.eñ

haDDiyan bap ki gude se hui hain KHali

kam se kam ab to ye beTe bhi kamane lag jaen

baap bojh Dhotā thā kyā jahez de paatā

is liye vo shahzādī aaj tak kuñvārī hai

bap bojh Dhota tha kya jahez de pata

is liye wo shahzadi aaj tak kunwari hai

sub.h savere nañge paañv ghaas pe chalnā aisā hai

jaise baap kā pahlā bosa qurbat jaise maaoñ kī

subh sawere nange panw ghas pe chalna aisa hai

jaise bap ka pahla bosa qurbat jaise maon ki

maiñ apne baap ke siine se phuul chuntā huuñ

so jab bhī saañs thamī baaġh meñ Tahal aayā

main apne bap ke sine se phul chunta hun

so jab bhi sans thami bagh mein Tahal aaya

maiñ ne hāthoñ se bujhā.ī hai dahaktī huī aag

apne bachche ke khilaune ko bachāne ke liye

main ne hathon se bujhai hai dahakti hui aag

apne bachche ke khilaune ko bachane ke liye

kis shafqat meñ guñdhe hue maulā maañ baap diye

kaisī pyārī rūhoñ ko merī aulād kiyā

kis shafqat mein gundhe hue maula man bap diye

kaisi pyari ruhon ko meri aulad kiya

Tag: Mother

baap kā hai faḳhr vo beTā ki rakhtā ho kamāl

dekh ā.īne ko farzand-e-rashīd-e-sañg hai

bap ka hai faKHr wo beTa ki rakhta ho kamal

dekh aaine ko farzand-e-rashid-e-sang hai

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Urdu Speech on “Father’s Day”

اعوذ باللہ من الشیطٰن الرجیم بسم اللہ الرحمٰن الرحیم ایک مدت سے میری ماں نہیں سوئی تابش ایک مدت سے میری ماں نہیں سوئی تابش میں نے ایک بار کہا تھا مجھے ڈر لگتا ہے !!

Urdu Speech on “Markaz-e-Yaqeen Pakistan”

تو جو بیسٹ تھا،ہم نے اس کے ساتھ کیا کیا؟ ماتھے پر سپر ہیرو والا ٹیگ چپکا دیا۔ اور سوپر ہیرو تو کچھ بھی کر سکتا ہے. اس سے تھوڑی پوچھتے ہیں کہ مشکلوں میں کتنے پربت پار کیے؟ ہماری ایک شرٹ سلوانے میں آپ نے کتنے کرتے تارتار کیے؟ اس سے تھوڑی پوچھتے ہیں کہ ہماری ضد پوری کرنے کے لیے کتنے دن اوورٹائم میں گزار دیے؟ ہماری بچپن کی ایک مسکراہٹ جیتنے میں اپنی جوانی کے کتنے برس ہار دیئے؟؟ اور وہ بخار والی راتیں !! ہماری فکر میں بس ماں تھوڑی جاگتی تھی کچی نیند میں سوتے تو پاپا بھی تھے۔۔ کسی کی نظر نہیں گئی پر روتے تو پاپا بھی تھے۔۔ تو آج کریں گے ہم ایک کام کریں گے جن آنکھوں کو کبھی غور سے دیکھا نہیں آج انہیں آنکھوں کی عبارت پڑھیں گے۔۔ جو دھن کبھی گای ہی نہیں آج اسی دن پر جھومیں گے۔۔ روٹیاں پکانے والے ہاتھوں کو سلام لیکن آج ہم روٹیاں کمانے والے ہاتھ چومیں گے۔۔ شہر میں بڑی بڑی دکانیں تھیں۔ کھلونوں، کپڑوں کتابوں سے بھری۔ اور میرے بابو جی کی ایک چھوٹی سی نوکری۔ وہ برسوں اپنے لئے نیا کرتا نہیں سلوا پائے پرانا پھٹا اور سلجاتا پر کپڑا کھلونا کتابیں میں جو کچھ مانگتا مجھے مل جاتا کچھ قصے ہیں جو ہمیشہ کے لئے دل میں قرض ہو گئے میں کبھی نہیں بھول پاؤں گا کہ ہماری خوشیاں خریدنے میرے بابو جی خرچ ہوگئے

Urdu Speech on “Khamoshi Kab Tak”

کبھی کبھی ہزاروں سے ملنا پڑتا ہے یہ جاننے کے لیے کہ ہمارے دکھ درد میں شریک کون ہے بہت دور جانا پڑتا ہے یہ سمجھنے کے لئے کہ ہمارے نزدیک کون ہے پاپا آج میرے سیکڑوں دوستی یار ہیں سب میرے دکھ سکھ میں سانجھے دار ہیں لیکن صرف تم ہو جو میرے لئے دونوں بازو کٹوا کر بھی احسان کا ایک لفظ نہیں کہو گے

میرے سب سے سچے دوست تم تھے اور تم ہی رہو گے بڑے بھولے ہیں بابوجی پوری دنیا سے کہتے پھر رہے ہیں سچ

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Find here best Father Poetry in Urdu that are Love with Daugther, Love with Son, Baap shayari sms, Father Day Quotes with beautiful pics. Read and share with your Father, Friends, Family or on social media

اُن کے سائے میں بخت ہوتے ہیں

باپ گھر میں درخت ہوتے ہیں

Un kay saye main bakht hotay hain

Baap gher main daratht hotay hain

عزیز تر وہ مُجھے رکھتا تھا ، رگِ جاں سے

یہ بات سچ ہے ، میرا باپ کم نہ تھا میری ماں سے

Aziz tarr wo mujhay rakhta tha, rag-e-jan say

Yeh baat sach hay, mera baap kam na tha meri maan say

پکڑ کے ہاتھ اُس نے ہاتھ مجھے گھر سے نکالا ہے

پکڑ کے ہاتھ جس کا میں نے چلنا سکھایا تھا

Pakar Ke Hath Us Ne Hath Mujhy Ghar Se Nikala hai

Pakar Ke Hath Jis Ka Main Ne Chalna Sikhaya Tha

گھر جا کے چپکے سے بچوں کو کھلایا ہو گا

اُن کو کیا معلوم کہ کِس حال میں کمایا ہوگا

Ghar ja kay chupkay say bachon ko khilaya ho ga

Un ko kiya maloom keh kis haal main kamaya ho ga

میں نہیں جانتا بادشاہ کیسا ہوتا ہے

میرے خیال میں میرے باپ جیسا ہوتا ہے

Main nahi janta badshah kesa hota hai

Mere khayal mein mere baap jaisa hota hai

یتیمی ساتھ لاتی ہے زمانے بھر کے دُکھ

سُنا ہے باپ زندہ ہو تو کانٹے بھی نہیں چُبھتے

Yateemi sath lati hai zamanay bhar kay dukh

Suna hai baap zinda ho tu kantay bhi nahi chubhtay

مجھ کو چھاوں میں رکھا اور خود جلتا رہا دھوپ میں

میں نے دیکھا اِک فرِشتہ باپ کے روپ میں

Mujh ko chaoon main rakha aur khud jalta raha dhoop main

Main nay dekha ik farishta baap kay roop main

بوجھ اینٹوں کا اور بڑھا دو صاحب

میرے بچے نے آج اِک فرمائش کی ہے

Bojh enton ka barrah do sahib

Mery bachay nay aaj ik farmaish ki hai

__________________

مجھ کو تھکنے نہیں دیتا ضرورت کا پہاڑ

میرے بچے مجھے بُوڑھا ہونے نہیں دیتا

Mujhko Thakne Nahi Deta Zarurat Ka Pahaar

Mere Bachy Mujy Burah Hone Nahi Dete

کندھوں پہ میرے جب بوجھ بڑھ جاتے ہیں

میرے بابا مُجھے شِدت سے یاد آتے ہیں

Kandhon pay meray jab bojh barrh jaatay haan

Meray baba mujhay shiddat say yaad aatay haan

جو موت سے نہ ڈرتا تھا ، بچوں سے ڈر گیا

اِک رات خالی ہاتھ جب مزدور گھر گیا

Jo maut say na darta tha bachon say dar giya

Ik raat khali hath jab mazdoor ghar giya

پیکر تھَا وَفا کا مُحبت کا خُدا تھَا

وُہ شَخص زَمانے میں سَب سے جُدا تھَا

Paikar tha wafa ka muhabbat ka khuda tha

Wo shakhs zamanay main sab say juda tha

جو باپ کی ٹھنڈی چھاوں میں گُزرے تھے

زِندگی کے وہی پَل اَنمول تھے

Jo baap ki thandi chaon main guzray thay

Zindagi kay wahi pal anmol thay

میرے بچے انگلی تھامے دھیرے دھیرے چلتے تھے

پھر وہ آگے دوڑ گئے میں تنہا پیچھے چھوٹ گیا

Meray bachay ungli thamay dheeray dheeray chaltay thay

Phir wo aagay daur gaye main peechay tanha choot giya

Father’s Day Poem

فادر ڈے کے حوالہ سے نظم

وہ ماں کے کہنے پہ کچھ روعب مجھ پہ رکھتا تھا

یہی وجہ تھی کہ مجھے چومتے ججھکتا تھا

Wo maan kay kehnay pey kuch raub mujh pay rakhta tha

Yahi waja thi kay mujhay choomtay jhijhakta tha

وہ آشنا میرے ہر کرب سے رہا ہر دم

جو کھل کے رو نہیں پایا مگر سسکتا تھا

Wo ashna meray har karb say raha har dam

Jo khul kay roo nahi paya, magar sisakta tha

جڑی تھی اسکی ہر اک ہاں فقط میری ہاں سے

یہ بات سچ ہے میرا باپ کم نہ تھا ماں سے

Jurri thi uski har ik haan faqt meri haan say

Yeh baat sach hay mera baap, kam na tha maan say

ہر اک درد وہ چپ چاپ خود پہ سہتا تھا

تمام عمر وہ اپنوں سے کٹ کے رہتا تھا

Har aik dard wo chup chap khud pay sehta tha

Tamam umer wo apnoon say kat keh rehta tha

وہ لوٹتا تھا کہیں رات کو دیر سے کہ دن بھر

وجود اسکا پسینے میں ڈھل کے بہتا تھا

Woh laut-ta tha kahin raat ko dair say keh din bhar

Wajod uska paseenay main dhal kay behta tha

گلے پھر بھی تھے مجھے ایسے چاک داماں سے

Gillay phir bhi thay mujhy aisay chak daman say

پرانا سوٹ پہنتا تھا کم وہ کھاتا تھا

مگر کھلونے میرے سب خرید لاتا تھا

Purana suit pehanta tha kam wo khata tha

Magar khilonay meray sab khareed lata tha

وہ مجھے سوئے ہوئے دیکھتا تھا جی بھر کے

نہ جانے سوچ کے وہ کیا کیا مسکراتا تھا

Wo mujhay soo-ay huwy dekhta tha jee bhar kay

Na janay soch kay wo kiya kiya muskrat tha

میرے بغیر تھے سب خواب اسکے ویراں سے

Meray baghar thay sab khwab uskay veran say

Yeh baat sach hai mera baap kam na tha maan say

__________________

Poem That Dedicated To Father’s Day

Nazam Paikar Tha Wo Wafa Ka

Paker tha wo wafa ka muhabbat ka khuda tha

چاہَت کے خَزانے تھے ہَر اِک لَفظ میں اُس کے

دَامَن میرا اُس نے دُعّاوں سے بَھرا تھَا

Chahat kay khazanay thay har ik lafz main us kay

Daman mera us nay duaoon say bhara tha

مُجھ کو نَہیں دیکھا کڑی دھُوپ نے چُھو کَر

بابا میرا دُنیا میں مُجھے ایسا جو مِلا تھَا

Mujh ko nahi dekha karri dhoop nay choo kar

Baba mera duniya main mujhay aisa ja mila tha

فِکریں نہ زَمانے کی کبھی پاس بھی آئیں

میرا درد میری ہستی سے ڈرتا ہی رہا تھَا

Fikarain na zamanay ki kabhi pass bhi aain

Mera dard meri hasti say, darta hi raha tha

جَب تَک رَہا سَانسوں کا بسیرا میرا بابا

تَب تَک میں غَموں سے بچا ہی رہا تھَا

Jab tak raha sanson ka basera mera baba

Tab tak main ghamon say, bacha hi raha tha

اُس شَام کی حِدّت میرے دِل سے نہیں جَاتی

جِس شَام تیرا سَایہ میرے سَر سے اُٹھا تھَا

Uss sham ki hiddat meray dil say nahi jati

Jis sham tera saya meray sar say utha tha

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Fathers Day Importance

Fathers Day Importance Essay. Though our parents, especially fathers, are so precious that their care and love cannot be bound to a single day; however, an international day named Father’s Days is celebrated on 21st of June every year.

Nobody can deny the important of Father’s Day. But the question arises: is it all we need be doing for the person that wasted away his entire life and lived only for our happiness! The argument begins where we tend to celebrate for our father and mother with the days like this i.e. Father’s Day on June 21st every year i.e. 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, may be 2020 and for the times to come. What a father is worth? What is due for the services and love rendered to us by our father? Can we return the warmth of our parents’ love by mere memorial days alone? We do need some practical moves besides the days we mark in the memory of our parents.

Fathers, either rigid or polite, have remained the central figure of every family traditionally and historically. Their extreme love, empathy, considerate nature and sacrificial life style shield their children and keep them protected. A father is a dear being all over the world; every culture and society has acknowledged the lovely place a father is ought to have in the hearts of the children. Even in the post-World War II scenario and social complications which arose owing to the genocide of European men in the war days, single parent families, headed by women, have failed to compete with the traditional family headed by a male member.

Everyone talks about the importance of family and especially of the parents that sacrifice their peace, rest, time and pleasures for the sake of their children’s future and present life. Traditionally and ideally the head of the family, the father, remains pivotal for his hardships that he bears just to earn the bread and butter for his family. The young ones, though not very close to him, remain deeply associated with his personality and influence. They say a family life runs on two wheels primarily; the husband and the wife. Both are must for the survival of an ideal family.

Fathers Day Importance may well be understood from the word “father” itself. The English word “father” means “male parent” but if we look at other definitions of the word, we find the word Father too which stands for the clergy serving in a church. A father is yet another name of sacrifice and a symbol of defense for the family. Every religion demands respect not only for a real father but also for fatherly figures. God Almighty guarantees a happy and ever abiding life for those that keep their parents pleased of their acts and deeds. Every religion demands the due service be paid to the parents i.e. mother and father.

In the face of Days like Father’s Day and Mother’ Day, we do have old houses where older people are kept. Who are these older people? They are certainly the fathers and mothers of a few living among us; they are left alone in the days of weakness and gloom. Father’s Day reminds of me of those deserted fathers and mothers. Probably, the days like Father’s Day are meant to renew within us the warmth of the love we were provided by our parents.

These are meant to recognise our Godfather that brought us into this world and shielded us from all the troubles and woes; sometimes he remained successful and at times he failed to do so. When he failed, he wept and dismayed not for himself but for his children. The yearning face of a father can be seen while doing his bit for his kids; the same contented heart is reflected in the eyes and cheeks of the same parent when he sees his kids happy and joyful.

Essay on Father's Day

The first superhero any child meets in their life is their father. In the growing age of children, they need someone who can be their role model. Father is the best example of a superhero. A father works tirelessly day and night for his family so that he can educate his children well and support his family. To give respect to this hard work, we celebrate Father's Day every year. On this day, we give respect and gratitude to our father.

If any child is in any trouble, the first person a child remembers is his father. This shows the importance of a father in anyone's life. Father's Day is celebrated on the 3rd Sunday of June every year throughout the world.

The Story behind Father's Day Celebration:

There are two major stories behind celebrating Father's Day.

The first Father's Day was celebrated in America on 19 June 1910 to honor the father of Miss Sonora Smart Dooh. Sanora's father William Smart was a civil war veteran. William Smart's wife died at the time of giving birth to his sixth child. He raised his six children alone after his wife passed away. After William Smart passed away, his daughter Sanora wanted to celebrate Father's Day on June 5, on the death anniversary of her father. She believed that all of us always respect the mother's sacrifices and emotions but no one pays attention to the father's sacrifices. Not everyone understands the importance of a father in life. In order to celebrate the life and sacrifices of a father, we should celebrate Father's Day. On this day, we can tell our father how important he is in our lives. For some reasons, it was postponed to the third Sunday of June.

Origin of Celebration

According to the second story, Father's Day was celebrated for the first time in America in Fairmont, West Virginia. The day was celebrated for the first time on July 5, 1908. It was commemorated in memory of 361 men, who died in 1907 in a coal mine explosion. Father's Day was officially recognized as a national holiday in 1972 during President Nixon's reign. Since then, Father's Day is celebrated every year on the third Sunday of June.

Father's Day is celebrated on different days in different countries. In countries like India, the United States and the United Kingdom, Father's Day is celebrated on the third Sunday of June. In Argentina, Canada, France, Greece, Ireland, Mexico, Singapore, South Africa and Venezuela, Father's Day is celebrated on the third Sunday of June. Whereas in Australia and New Zealand, Father's Day is celebrated on the first Sunday of September. In Thailand, Father's Day is celebrated on 5 December; on this day the birthday of the King of Thailand is also celebrated. In Brazil, Father's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of August.

Modes of Celebration:

Everyone has their way of celebrating Father's Day. Many people go out on this day to eat good food. On this day, children give gifts to their father, offer them greetings, and give them cards and flowers. On this day, every child honors his father and offers gratitude.

Mother’s sacrifice is given a high position in every civilization and culture. However, the person who dedicates his whole life for the happiness of his children and his family should also get the same respect as the mother. The way we celebrate Mother's Day in honor of a Mother, similarly Father's Day is celebrated to honor Father's love.

This day is celebrated to express gratitude to the father. The father is the person who pays all his duty without expressing his grief and pain. After mother, if someone is very close to our heart, it is our father. The father's love does not look like that of the mother, but it is the father who makes us strong from inside. Our father gives us a lesson about good and bad in the world. We do not need to worry about anything as long our father’s hand is on our forehead. They always keep grief to themselves and give us happiness. We should never forget our father's struggles. We should always celebrate the sacrifice of father’s and give them respect.

The main motive of celebrating Father's Day is to remind and give special thanks to every father who has given a lot of dedication to their children. However, in children's lives, Fathers are the real role model for them, they are inspired by their father since childhood. This is celebrated on the 3rd Sunday of June every year.

Fathers’ Day Essay 800 Words

The only person I always admire in my life is my dad who I love. I still remember all my childhood memories with my dad. They are the real reason for my happiness and happiness. Because of who I was, my mother was always busy with kitchens and other household chores and these ‘dads’ celebrated with me and my sister. I think he is the best father in the world. I feel blessed to have such a father in my life. I always thank God for giving me the opportunity to be born into such a wonderful family.

He is a humble and peaceful person. They never scolded me and took all my mistakes lightly and very politely and made me see all my mistakes. He is the head of the family, and he helps all members of the family through difficult times. They share their mistakes and their successes in life to tell me. He has his own online marketing business, yet he never pressures or pulls him forward in the same field, instead he always encourages me with whatever I want to be in my life. He is a good father not only because he helps me but also because of the knowledge, the power, the helpful environment and especially in treating people fairly.

Father's Day is a day in the year when children give their father presents and gifts and one big thing, which is love. Father's Day is just one day, but what about each day of the year? Fathers' Day should be a daily occurrence because fathers are generous and do much to help their children.

Every father is a constant support system and mentor for their child. He's the one I always look up to when I find myself in trouble. My father has been leading me in all my major decisions in life. He is a hardworking and loving person. Dad loves movies. Whenever he gets time, he likes to watch an old movie. In fact, we are sometimes told who controls the television. But, deep down, we like to tease each other and play again. Dad doesn't like to do anything. Sometimes during the holidays, when he and my sister do nothing and do nothing, he gives us one job or another. And he is very organized and keeps all his papers organized.

My Dad - My Model:

Every father is a good example for his children. First of all, I commend your love of work. He is always there to help his mates, even if it is not his job. In fact, we may find him spending hours helping others. After all, my father is just a man. He does not like expensive things and lives a simple, peaceful life. Otherwise he does not scold anyone. I wonder if something is wrong with her because she takes everything in order and gives herself time to decide.

My father - My Friend:

My father is also my friend. I can talk about everything with my dad, even those who have the courage to talk in front of my mom. I know he should keep it a secret and give me the advice I need. He is the one I can count on not to see whenever I need help, and I know he will help me.

Importance of Father in Family

Father plays a vital role in the development of the family. He is actually considered the head of the family. However, I feel that fathers and mothers have a special role to play in raising their children. Although a mother is gentle, the father shows courage and strength to his children, who will later take him seriously. It may be difficult at times, but be sure to always benefit the children.

My father as a Source of Inspiration

I can proudly say that it was my father who inspired me from day one. In other words, his attitude and personality influenced me as a person. In the same way, he still has a great influence on the environment around his narrow paths. Dad spends his free time caring for the lost animals, which encourages me to do the same. All my knowledge in sports or cars comes from my father.

Conclusion:

There is no doubt that my father's role is important in my life. Your presence is important in maintaining equality and peace in my family. The father is the one who gets the bad daddy's badge and his denial of anything means a lot to the kids. I also respect my father and try to develop the qualities needed to be like him when I grow up.

FAQs on Father's Day Essay

1. Why is Father's Day Celebrated?

Usually, we are not able to express our love for our father openly, but when a special day is fixed, we get the feeling of expressing ourselves to people. In view of this, we celebrate Father's Day. On this day, we can easily communicate our feelings in front of our father and can make this day dedicated to them. We can make this day memorable by making them feel good and giving them respect.

2. How Do We Celebrate Father's Day?

Everyone has their way of celebrating Father's Day. Many people go out on this day to eat good food. On this day, every child gives gifts to their father, gives them cards and flowers, etc. Some write speeches, some write poems and essays for fathers so that they can tell them the importance of the father in their life. On this day, every child honors his father and gives him respect and gratitude.

3. What are the Two Major Stories Behind Celebrating Father's Day

The two major stories behind celebrating father’s day are

In the first story, for the first time in America on 19 June 1910, Father's Day was celebrated to honour the father of Miss Sonora Smart Dooh. Sanora's father William Smart was a civil war veteran. William Smart's wife died at the time of giving birth to his sixth child. He alone raised his six children after his wife passed away. After William Smart passed away, his daughter Sanora wanted to celebrate Father's Day on June 5.

fathers day quotes in Urdu

یوم والد، 2023(18 جون 2023)

فادرز ڈے ایک خاص موقع ہے جو دنیا بھر میں منایا جاتا ہے اور ہماری زندگیوں میں والد اور والد کی شخصیات کے تعاون کو عزت دینے اور ان کی تعریف کرنے کے لیے منایا جاتا ہے۔ یہ ایک ایسا دن ہے جو ان غیر معمولی افراد کے لیے اظہار تشکر اور محبت کے لیے وقف ہے جو ہماری زندگیوں کی تشکیل میں اہم کردار ادا کرتے ہیں۔ اس آرٹیکل میں، ہم دل دہلا دینے والے اقتباسات اور خواہشات کا جائزہ لیں گے جو والد کے ساتھ عالمی یوم 2023 پر شیئر کیے جاسکتے ہیں، اس دن کو اور بھی یادگار بنائیں گے۔

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Case Study | Definition, Examples & Methods

Case Study | Definition, Examples & Methods

Published on 5 May 2022 by Shona McCombes . Revised on 30 January 2023.

A case study is a detailed study of a specific subject, such as a person, group, place, event, organisation, or phenomenon. Case studies are commonly used in social, educational, clinical, and business research.

A case study research design usually involves qualitative methods , but quantitative methods are sometimes also used. Case studies are good for describing , comparing, evaluating, and understanding different aspects of a research problem .

When to do a case study, step 1: select a case, step 2: build a theoretical framework, step 3: collect your data, step 4: describe and analyse the case.

A case study is an appropriate research design when you want to gain concrete, contextual, in-depth knowledge about a specific real-world subject. It allows you to explore the key characteristics, meanings, and implications of the case.

Case studies are often a good choice in a thesis or dissertation . They keep your project focused and manageable when you don’t have the time or resources to do large-scale research.

You might use just one complex case study where you explore a single subject in depth, or conduct multiple case studies to compare and illuminate different aspects of your research problem.

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Once you have developed your problem statement and research questions , you should be ready to choose the specific case that you want to focus on. A good case study should have the potential to:

Provide new or unexpected insights into the subject
Challenge or complicate existing assumptions and theories
Propose practical courses of action to resolve a problem
Open up new directions for future research

Unlike quantitative or experimental research, a strong case study does not require a random or representative sample. In fact, case studies often deliberately focus on unusual, neglected, or outlying cases which may shed new light on the research problem.

If you find yourself aiming to simultaneously investigate and solve an issue, consider conducting action research . As its name suggests, action research conducts research and takes action at the same time, and is highly iterative and flexible.

However, you can also choose a more common or representative case to exemplify a particular category, experience, or phenomenon.

While case studies focus more on concrete details than general theories, they should usually have some connection with theory in the field. This way the case study is not just an isolated description, but is integrated into existing knowledge about the topic. It might aim to:

Exemplify a theory by showing how it explains the case under investigation
Expand on a theory by uncovering new concepts and ideas that need to be incorporated
Challenge a theory by exploring an outlier case that doesn’t fit with established assumptions

To ensure that your analysis of the case has a solid academic grounding, you should conduct a literature review of sources related to the topic and develop a theoretical framework . This means identifying key concepts and theories to guide your analysis and interpretation.

There are many different research methods you can use to collect data on your subject. Case studies tend to focus on qualitative data using methods such as interviews, observations, and analysis of primary and secondary sources (e.g., newspaper articles, photographs, official records). Sometimes a case study will also collect quantitative data .

The aim is to gain as thorough an understanding as possible of the case and its context.

In writing up the case study, you need to bring together all the relevant aspects to give as complete a picture as possible of the subject.

How you report your findings depends on the type of research you are doing. Some case studies are structured like a standard scientific paper or thesis, with separate sections or chapters for the methods , results , and discussion .

Others are written in a more narrative style, aiming to explore the case from various angles and analyse its meanings and implications (for example, by using textual analysis or discourse analysis ).

In all cases, though, make sure to give contextual details about the case, connect it back to the literature and theory, and discuss how it fits into wider patterns or debates.

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Developing the Quantitative Research Design
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Case Study Design in an Applied Doctorate

Qualitative Research Designs

Case study design, using case study design in the applied doctoral experience (ade), applicability of case study design to applied problem of practice, case study design references.

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The field of qualitative research there are a number of research designs (also referred to as “traditions” or “genres”), including case study, phenomenology, narrative inquiry, action research, ethnography, grounded theory, as well as a number of critical genres including Feminist theory, indigenous research, critical race theory and cultural studies. The choice of research design is directly tied to and must be aligned with your research problem and purpose. As Bloomberg & Volpe (2019) explain:

Choice of research design is directly tied to research problem and purpose. As the researcher, you actively create the link among problem, purpose, and design through a process of reflecting on problem and purpose, focusing on researchable questions, and considering how to best address these questions. Thinking along these lines affords a research study methodological congruence (p. 38).

Case study is an in-depth exploration from multiple perspectives of a bounded social phenomenon, be this a social system such as a program, event, institution, organization, or community (Stake, 1995, 2005; Yin, 2018). Case study is employed across disciplines, including education, health care, social work, sociology, and organizational studies. The purpose is to generate understanding and deep insights to inform professional practice, policy development, and community or social action (Bloomberg 2018).

Yin (2018) and Stake (1995, 2005), two of the key proponents of case study methodology, use different terms to describe case studies. Yin categorizes case studies as exploratory or descriptive . The former is used to explore those situations in which the intervention being evaluated has no clear single set of outcomes. The latter is used to describe an intervention or phenomenon and the real-life context in which it occurred. Stake identifies case studies as intrinsic or instrumental , and he proposes that a primary distinction in designing case studies is between single and multiple (or collective) case study designs. A single case study may be an instrumental case study (research focuses on an issue or concern in one bounded case) or an intrinsic case study (the focus is on the case itself because the case presents a unique situation). A longitudinal case study design is chosen when the researcher seeks to examine the same single case at two or more different points in time or to capture trends over time. A multiple case study design is used when a researcher seeks to determine the prevalence or frequency of a particular phenomenon. This approach is useful when cases are used for purposes of a cross-case analysis in order to compare, contrast, and synthesize perspectives regarding the same issue. The focus is on the analysis of diverse cases to determine how these confirm the findings within or between cases, or call the findings into question.

Case study affords significant interaction with research participants, providing an in-depth picture of the phenomenon (Bloomberg & Volpe, 2019). Research is extensive, drawing on multiple methods of data collection, and involves multiple data sources. Triangulation is critical in attempting to obtain an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon under study and adds rigor, breadth, and depth to the study and provides corroborative evidence of the data obtained. Analysis of data can be holistic or embedded—that is, dealing with the whole or parts of the case (Yin, 2018). With multiple cases the typical analytic strategy is to provide detailed description of themes within each case (within-case analysis), followed by thematic analysis across cases (cross-case analysis), providing insights regarding how individual cases are comparable along important dimensions. Research culminates in the production of a detailed description of a setting and its participants, accompanied by an analysis of the data for themes or patterns (Stake, 1995, 2005; Yin, 2018). In addition to thick, rich description, the researcher’s interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations contribute to the reader’s overall understanding of the case study.

Analysis of findings should show that the researcher has attended to all the data, should address the most significant aspects of the case, and should demonstrate familiarity with the prevailing thinking and discourse about the topic. The goal of case study design (as with all qualitative designs) is not generalizability but rather transferability —that is, how (if at all) and in what ways understanding and knowledge can be applied in similar contexts and settings. The qualitative researcher attempts to address the issue of transferability by way of thick, rich description that will provide the basis for a case or cases to have relevance and potential application across a broader context.

Qualitative research methods ask the questions of "what" and "how" a phenomenon is understood in a real-life context (Bloomberg & Volpe, 2019). In the education field, qualitative research methods uncover educational experiences and practices because qualitative research allows the researcher to reveal new knowledge and understanding. Moreover, qualitative descriptive case studies describe, analyze and interpret events that explain the reasoning behind specific phenomena (Bloomberg, 2018). As such, case study design can be the foundation for a rigorous study within the Applied Doctoral Experience (ADE).

Case study design is an appropriate research design to consider when conceptualizing and conducting a dissertation research study that is based on an applied problem of practice with inherent real-life educational implications. Case study researchers study current, real-life cases that are in progress so that they can gather accurate information that is current. This fits well with the ADE program, as students are typically exploring a problem of practice. Because of the flexibility of the methods used, a descriptive design provides the researcher with the opportunity to choose data collection methods that are best suited to a practice-based research purpose, and can include individual interviews, focus groups, observation, surveys, and critical incident questionnaires. Methods are triangulated to contribute to the study’s trustworthiness. In selecting the set of data collection methods, it is important that the researcher carefully consider the alignment between research questions and the type of data that is needed to address these. Each data source is one piece of the “puzzle,” that contributes to the researcher’s holistic understanding of a phenomenon. The various strands of data are woven together holistically to promote a deeper understanding of the case and its application to an educationally-based problem of practice.

Research studies within the Applied Doctoral Experience (ADE) will be practical in nature and focus on problems and issues that inform educational practice. Many of the types of studies that fall within the ADE framework are exploratory, and align with case study design. Case study design fits very well with applied problems related to educational practice, as the following set of examples illustrate:

Elementary Bilingual Education Teachers’ Self-Efficacy in Teaching English Language Learners: A Qualitative Case Study

The problem to be addressed in the proposed study is that some elementary bilingual education teachers’ beliefs about their lack of preparedness to teach the English language may negatively impact the language proficiency skills of Hispanic ELLs (Ernst-Slavit & Wenger, 2016; Fuchs et al., 2018; Hoque, 2016). The purpose of the proposed qualitative descriptive case study was to explore the perspectives and experiences of elementary bilingual education teachers regarding their perceived lack of preparedness to teach the English language and how this may impact the language proficiency of Hispanic ELLs.

Exploring Minority Teachers Experiences Pertaining to their Value in Education: A Single Case Study of Teachers in New York City

The problem is that minority K-12 teachers are underrepresented in the United States, with research indicating that school leaders and teachers in schools that are populated mainly by black students, staffed mostly by white teachers who may be unprepared to deal with biases and stereotypes that are ingrained in schools (Egalite, Kisida, & Winters, 2015; Milligan & Howley, 2015). The purpose of this qualitative exploratory single case study was to develop a clearer understanding of minority teachers’ experiences concerning the under-representation of minority K-12 teachers in urban school districts in the United States since there are so few of them.

Exploring the Impact of an Urban Teacher Residency Program on Teachers’ Cultural Intelligence: A Qualitative Case Study

The problem to be addressed by this case study is that teacher candidates often report being unprepared and ill-equipped to effectively educate culturally diverse students (Skepple, 2015; Beutel, 2018). The purpose of this study was to explore and gain an in-depth understanding of the perceived impact of an urban teacher residency program in urban Iowa on teachers’ cultural competence using the cultural intelligence (CQ) framework (Earley & Ang, 2003).

Qualitative Case Study that Explores Self-Efficacy and Mentorship on Women in Academic Administrative Leadership Roles

The problem was that female school-level administrators might be less likely to experience mentorship, thereby potentially decreasing their self-efficacy (Bing & Smith, 2019; Brown, 2020; Grant, 2021). The purpose of this case study was to determine to what extent female school-level administrators in the United States who had a mentor have a sense of self-efficacy and to examine the relationship between mentorship and self-efficacy.

Suburban Teacher and Administrator Perceptions of Culturally Responsive Teaching to Promote Connectedness in Students of Color: A Qualitative Case Study

The problem to be addressed in this study is the racial discrimination experienced by students of color in suburban schools and the resulting negative school experience (Jara & Bloomsbury, 2020; Jones, 2019; Kohli et al., 2017; Wandix-White, 2020). The purpose of this case study is to explore how culturally responsive practices can counteract systemic racism and discrimination in suburban schools thereby meeting the needs of students of color by creating positive learning experiences.

As you can see, all of these studies were well suited to qualitative case study design. In each of these studies, the applied research problem and research purpose were clearly grounded in educational practice as well as directly aligned with qualitative case study methodology. In the Applied Doctoral Experience (ADE), you will be focused on addressing or resolving an educationally relevant research problem of practice. As such, your case study, with clear boundaries, will be one that centers on a real-life authentic problem in your field of practice that you believe is in need of resolution or improvement, and that the outcome thereof will be educationally valuable.

Bloomberg, L. D. (2018). Case study method. In B. B. Frey (Ed.), The SAGE Encyclopedia of educational research, measurement, and evaluation (pp. 237–239). SAGE. https://go.openathens.net/redirector/nu.edu?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmethods.sagepub.com%2FReference%2Fthe-sage-encyclopedia-of-educational-research-measurement-and-evaluation%2Fi4294.xml

Bloomberg, L. D. & Volpe, M. (2019). Completing your qualitative dissertation: A road map from beginning to end . (4th Ed.). SAGE.

Stake, R. E. (1995). The art of case study research. SAGE.

Stake, R. E. (2005). Qualitative case studies. In N. K. Denzin and Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (3rd ed., pp. 443–466). SAGE.

Yin, R. (2018). Case study research and applications: Designs and methods. SAGE.

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Frequently asked questions.

Yes, in fact a case study is a very good option in your dissertation. There are multiple ways to implement a case study in your thesis. For instance, one main study which is in depth and complex or you could feature multiple case studies.

Case studies are a way to research a particular field, group, people and situation. The topic of research is studied deeply and thoroughly in order to solve a problem or uncover information. Case studies are a type of qualitative research.

If you are ready to find a masters course check out Masters Compare.

Prof Martyn Denscombe, author of “ The Good Research Guide, 6th edition ”, gives expert advice on how to use a case study in your masters dissertation.

There are two main examples for how to use a case study in your masters dissertation, namely quantitative and qualitative case studies.

First, a case study provides a platform that allows you to study a situation in depth and produce the level of academic inquiry that is expected in a master’s degree. In the context of any master’s programme the dissertation operates as something of a showcase for a student’s abilities.

It can easily make the difference between getting a merit and a distinction in the final award of degree. It is important, therefore, to base the work on an approach that allows things to be explored in sufficient depth and detail to warrant a good grade.

Second, case studies can be useful in a practical sense. It is possible to complete a case study in a relatively short period of intense study and so it is the kind of research that is feasible in terms of the kind of time constraints that face master’s students as they enter the final stages of their programme of study.

Added to which a case study can also be a rather convenient form of research, avoiding the time and costs of travel to multiple research sites. The use of case studies, then, would appear to be an attractive proposition. But it is not an approach that should be used naively without consideration of its limitations or potential pitfalls.

To be a good case study the research needs to consider certain key issues. If they are not addressed it will considerably lower the value of the master’s degree. For instance, a good case study needs to:

Be crystal clear about the purpose for which the research is being conducted
Justify the selection of the particular case being studied
Describe how the chosen case compares with others of its type
Explain the basis on which any generalizations can be made from the findings

This is where The Good Research Guide, 6th edition becomes so valuable. It not only identifies the key points that need to be addressed in order to conduct a competent questionnaire survey.

It gets right to the heart of the matter with plenty of practical guidance on how to deal with issues. Using plain language, this bestselling book covers a range of alternative strategies and methods for conducting small-scale social research projects. It outlines some of the main ways in which the data can be analysed.

Read Prof Martyn Denscombe’s advice on using a questionnaire survey for your postgraduate dissertation

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What is case study research?

Last updated

8 February 2023

Reviewed by

Cathy Heath

Suppose a company receives a spike in the number of customer complaints, or medical experts discover an outbreak of illness affecting children but are not quite sure of the reason. In both cases, carrying out a case study could be the best way to get answers.

Organization

Case studies can be carried out across different disciplines, including education, medicine, sociology, and business.

Most case studies employ qualitative methods, but quantitative methods can also be used. Researchers can then describe, compare, evaluate, and identify patterns or cause-and-effect relationships between the various variables under study. They can then use this knowledge to decide what action to take.

Another thing to note is that case studies are generally singular in their focus. This means they narrow focus to a particular area, making them highly subjective. You cannot always generalize the results of a case study and apply them to a larger population. However, they are valuable tools to illustrate a principle or develop a thesis.

Analyze case study research

Dovetail streamlines case study research to help you uncover and share actionable insights

What are the different types of case study designs?

Researchers can choose from a variety of case study designs. The design they choose is dependent on what questions they need to answer, the context of the research environment, how much data they already have, and what resources are available.

Here are the common types of case study design:

Explanatory

An explanatory case study is an initial explanation of the how or why that is behind something. This design is commonly used when studying a real-life phenomenon or event. Once the organization understands the reasons behind a phenomenon, it can then make changes to enhance or eliminate the variables causing it.

Here is an example: How is co-teaching implemented in elementary schools? The title for a case study of this subject could be “Case Study of the Implementation of Co-Teaching in Elementary Schools.”

Descriptive

An illustrative or descriptive case study helps researchers shed light on an unfamiliar object or subject after a period of time. The case study provides an in-depth review of the issue at hand and adds real-world examples in the area the researcher wants the audience to understand.

The researcher makes no inferences or causal statements about the object or subject under review. This type of design is often used to understand cultural shifts.

Here is an example: How did people cope with the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami? This case study could be titled "A Case Study of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami and its Effect on the Indonesian Population."

Exploratory

Exploratory research is also called a pilot case study. It is usually the first step within a larger research project, often relying on questionnaires and surveys . Researchers use exploratory research to help narrow down their focus, define parameters, draft a specific research question , and/or identify variables in a larger study. This research design usually covers a wider area than others, and focuses on the ‘what’ and ‘who’ of a topic.

Here is an example: How do nutrition and socialization in early childhood affect learning in children? The title of the exploratory study may be “Case Study of the Effects of Nutrition and Socialization on Learning in Early Childhood.”

An intrinsic case study is specifically designed to look at a unique and special phenomenon. At the start of the study, the researcher defines the phenomenon and the uniqueness that differentiates it from others.

In this case, researchers do not attempt to generalize, compare, or challenge the existing assumptions. Instead, they explore the unique variables to enhance understanding. Here is an example: “Case Study of Volcanic Lightning.”

This design can also be identified as a cumulative case study. It uses information from past studies or observations of groups of people in certain settings as the foundation of the new study. Given that it takes multiple areas into account, it allows for greater generalization than a single case study.

The researchers also get an in-depth look at a particular subject from different viewpoints. Here is an example: “Case Study of how PTSD affected Vietnam and Gulf War Veterans Differently Due to Advances in Military Technology.”

Critical instance

A critical case study incorporates both explanatory and intrinsic study designs. It does not have predetermined purposes beyond an investigation of the said subject. It can be used for a deeper explanation of the cause-and-effect relationship. It can also be used to question a common assumption or myth.

The findings can then be used further to generalize whether they would also apply in a different environment. Here is an example: “What Effect Does Prolonged Use of Social Media Have on the Mind of American Youth?”

Instrumental

Instrumental research attempts to achieve goals beyond understanding the object at hand. Researchers explore a larger subject through different, separate studies and use the findings to understand its relationship to another subject. This type of design also provides insight into an issue or helps refine a theory.

For example, you may want to determine if violent behavior in children predisposes them to crime later in life. The focus is on the relationship between children and violent behavior, and why certain children do become violent. Here is an example: “Violence Breeds Violence: Childhood Exposure and Participation in Adult Crime.”

Evaluation case study design is employed to research the effects of a program, policy, or intervention, and assess its effectiveness and impact on future decision-making.

For example, you might want to see whether children learn times tables quicker through an educational game on their iPad versus a more teacher-led intervention. Here is an example: “An Investigation of the Impact of an iPad Multiplication Game for Primary School Children.”

When do you use case studies?

Case studies are ideal when you want to gain a contextual, concrete, or in-depth understanding of a particular subject. It helps you understand the characteristics, implications, and meanings of the subject.

They are also an excellent choice for those writing a thesis or dissertation, as they help keep the project focused on a particular area when resources or time may be too limited to cover a wider one. You may have to conduct several case studies to explore different aspects of the subject in question and understand the problem.

What are the steps to follow when conducting a case study?

1. Select a case

Once you identify the problem at hand and come up with questions, identify the case you will focus on. The study can provide insights into the subject at hand, challenge existing assumptions, propose a course of action, and/or open up new areas for further research.

2. Create a theoretical framework

While you will be focusing on a specific detail, the case study design you choose should be linked to existing knowledge on the topic. This prevents it from becoming an isolated description and allows for enhancing the existing information.

It may expand the current theory by bringing up new ideas or concepts, challenge established assumptions, or exemplify a theory by exploring how it answers the problem at hand. A theoretical framework starts with a literature review of the sources relevant to the topic in focus. This helps in identifying key concepts to guide analysis and interpretation.

3. Collect the data

Case studies are frequently supplemented with qualitative data such as observations, interviews, and a review of both primary and secondary sources such as official records, news articles, and photographs. There may also be quantitative data —this data assists in understanding the case thoroughly.

4. Analyze your case

The results of the research depend on the research design. Most case studies are structured with chapters or topic headings for easy explanation and presentation. Others may be written as narratives to allow researchers to explore various angles of the topic and analyze its meanings and implications.

In all areas, always give a detailed contextual understanding of the case and connect it to the existing theory and literature before discussing how it fits into your problem area.

What are some case study examples?

What are the best approaches for introducing our product into the Kenyan market?

How does the change in marketing strategy aid in increasing the sales volumes of product Y?

How can teachers enhance student participation in classrooms?

How does poverty affect literacy levels in children?

Case study topics

Case study of product marketing strategies in the Kenyan market

Case study of the effects of a marketing strategy change on product Y sales volumes

Case study of X school teachers that encourage active student participation in the classroom

Case study of the effects of poverty on literacy levels in children

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Acknowledgments

A case study research paper examines a person, place, event, condition, phenomenon, or other type of subject of analysis in order to extrapolate key themes and results that help predict future trends, illuminate previously hidden issues that can be applied to practice, and/or provide a means for understanding an important research problem with greater clarity. A case study research paper usually examines a single subject of analysis, but case study papers can also be designed as a comparative investigation that shows relationships between two or more subjects. The methods used to study a case can rest within a quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-method investigative paradigm.

Case Studies. Writing@CSU. Colorado State University; Mills, Albert J. , Gabrielle Durepos, and Eiden Wiebe, editors. Encyclopedia of Case Study Research . Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, 2010 ; “What is a Case Study?” In Swanborn, Peter G. Case Study Research: What, Why and How? London: SAGE, 2010.

How to Approach Writing a Case Study Research Paper

General information about how to choose a topic to investigate can be found under the " Choosing a Research Problem " tab in the Organizing Your Social Sciences Research Paper writing guide. Review this page because it may help you identify a subject of analysis that can be investigated using a case study design.

However, identifying a case to investigate involves more than choosing the research problem . A case study encompasses a problem contextualized around the application of in-depth analysis, interpretation, and discussion, often resulting in specific recommendations for action or for improving existing conditions. As Seawright and Gerring note, practical considerations such as time and access to information can influence case selection, but these issues should not be the sole factors used in describing the methodological justification for identifying a particular case to study. Given this, selecting a case includes considering the following:

The case represents an unusual or atypical example of a research problem that requires more in-depth analysis? Cases often represent a topic that rests on the fringes of prior investigations because the case may provide new ways of understanding the research problem. For example, if the research problem is to identify strategies to improve policies that support girl's access to secondary education in predominantly Muslim nations, you could consider using Azerbaijan as a case study rather than selecting a more obvious nation in the Middle East. Doing so may reveal important new insights into recommending how governments in other predominantly Muslim nations can formulate policies that support improved access to education for girls.
The case provides important insight or illuminate a previously hidden problem? In-depth analysis of a case can be based on the hypothesis that the case study will reveal trends or issues that have not been exposed in prior research or will reveal new and important implications for practice. For example, anecdotal evidence may suggest drug use among homeless veterans is related to their patterns of travel throughout the day. Assuming prior studies have not looked at individual travel choices as a way to study access to illicit drug use, a case study that observes a homeless veteran could reveal how issues of personal mobility choices facilitate regular access to illicit drugs. Note that it is important to conduct a thorough literature review to ensure that your assumption about the need to reveal new insights or previously hidden problems is valid and evidence-based.
The case challenges and offers a counter-point to prevailing assumptions? Over time, research on any given topic can fall into a trap of developing assumptions based on outdated studies that are still applied to new or changing conditions or the idea that something should simply be accepted as "common sense," even though the issue has not been thoroughly tested in current practice. A case study analysis may offer an opportunity to gather evidence that challenges prevailing assumptions about a research problem and provide a new set of recommendations applied to practice that have not been tested previously. For example, perhaps there has been a long practice among scholars to apply a particular theory in explaining the relationship between two subjects of analysis. Your case could challenge this assumption by applying an innovative theoretical framework [perhaps borrowed from another discipline] to explore whether this approach offers new ways of understanding the research problem. Taking a contrarian stance is one of the most important ways that new knowledge and understanding develops from existing literature.
The case provides an opportunity to pursue action leading to the resolution of a problem? Another way to think about choosing a case to study is to consider how the results from investigating a particular case may result in findings that reveal ways in which to resolve an existing or emerging problem. For example, studying the case of an unforeseen incident, such as a fatal accident at a railroad crossing, can reveal hidden issues that could be applied to preventative measures that contribute to reducing the chance of accidents in the future. In this example, a case study investigating the accident could lead to a better understanding of where to strategically locate additional signals at other railroad crossings so as to better warn drivers of an approaching train, particularly when visibility is hindered by heavy rain, fog, or at night.
The case offers a new direction in future research? A case study can be used as a tool for an exploratory investigation that highlights the need for further research about the problem. A case can be used when there are few studies that help predict an outcome or that establish a clear understanding about how best to proceed in addressing a problem. For example, after conducting a thorough literature review [very important!], you discover that little research exists showing the ways in which women contribute to promoting water conservation in rural communities of east central Africa. A case study of how women contribute to saving water in a rural village of Uganda can lay the foundation for understanding the need for more thorough research that documents how women in their roles as cooks and family caregivers think about water as a valuable resource within their community. This example of a case study could also point to the need for scholars to build new theoretical frameworks around the topic [e.g., applying feminist theories of work and family to the issue of water conservation].

Eisenhardt, Kathleen M. “Building Theories from Case Study Research.” Academy of Management Review 14 (October 1989): 532-550; Emmel, Nick. Sampling and Choosing Cases in Qualitative Research: A Realist Approach . Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, 2013; Gerring, John. “What Is a Case Study and What Is It Good for?” American Political Science Review 98 (May 2004): 341-354; Mills, Albert J. , Gabrielle Durepos, and Eiden Wiebe, editors. Encyclopedia of Case Study Research . Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, 2010; Seawright, Jason and John Gerring. "Case Selection Techniques in Case Study Research." Political Research Quarterly 61 (June 2008): 294-308.

Structure and Writing Style

The purpose of a paper in the social sciences designed around a case study is to thoroughly investigate a subject of analysis in order to reveal a new understanding about the research problem and, in so doing, contributing new knowledge to what is already known from previous studies. In applied social sciences disciplines [e.g., education, social work, public administration, etc.], case studies may also be used to reveal best practices, highlight key programs, or investigate interesting aspects of professional work.

In general, the structure of a case study research paper is not all that different from a standard college-level research paper. However, there are subtle differences you should be aware of. Here are the key elements to organizing and writing a case study research paper.

I. Introduction

As with any research paper, your introduction should serve as a roadmap for your readers to ascertain the scope and purpose of your study . The introduction to a case study research paper, however, should not only describe the research problem and its significance, but you should also succinctly describe why the case is being used and how it relates to addressing the problem. The two elements should be linked. With this in mind, a good introduction answers these four questions:

What is being studied? Describe the research problem and describe the subject of analysis [the case] you have chosen to address the problem. Explain how they are linked and what elements of the case will help to expand knowledge and understanding about the problem.
Why is this topic important to investigate? Describe the significance of the research problem and state why a case study design and the subject of analysis that the paper is designed around is appropriate in addressing the problem.
What did we know about this topic before I did this study? Provide background that helps lead the reader into the more in-depth literature review to follow. If applicable, summarize prior case study research applied to the research problem and why it fails to adequately address the problem. Describe why your case will be useful. If no prior case studies have been used to address the research problem, explain why you have selected this subject of analysis.
How will this study advance new knowledge or new ways of understanding? Explain why your case study will be suitable in helping to expand knowledge and understanding about the research problem.

Each of these questions should be addressed in no more than a few paragraphs. Exceptions to this can be when you are addressing a complex research problem or subject of analysis that requires more in-depth background information.

II. Literature Review

The literature review for a case study research paper is generally structured the same as it is for any college-level research paper. The difference, however, is that the literature review is focused on providing background information and enabling historical interpretation of the subject of analysis in relation to the research problem the case is intended to address . This includes synthesizing studies that help to:

Place relevant works in the context of their contribution to understanding the case study being investigated . This would involve summarizing studies that have used a similar subject of analysis to investigate the research problem. If there is literature using the same or a very similar case to study, you need to explain why duplicating past research is important [e.g., conditions have changed; prior studies were conducted long ago, etc.].
Describe the relationship each work has to the others under consideration that informs the reader why this case is applicable . Your literature review should include a description of any works that support using the case to investigate the research problem and the underlying research questions.
Identify new ways to interpret prior research using the case study . If applicable, review any research that has examined the research problem using a different research design. Explain how your use of a case study design may reveal new knowledge or a new perspective or that can redirect research in an important new direction.
Resolve conflicts amongst seemingly contradictory previous studies . This refers to synthesizing any literature that points to unresolved issues of concern about the research problem and describing how the subject of analysis that forms the case study can help resolve these existing contradictions.
Point the way in fulfilling a need for additional research . Your review should examine any literature that lays a foundation for understanding why your case study design and the subject of analysis around which you have designed your study may reveal a new way of approaching the research problem or offer a perspective that points to the need for additional research.
Expose any gaps that exist in the literature that the case study could help to fill . Summarize any literature that not only shows how your subject of analysis contributes to understanding the research problem, but how your case contributes to a new way of understanding the problem that prior research has failed to do.
Locate your own research within the context of existing literature [very important!] . Collectively, your literature review should always place your case study within the larger domain of prior research about the problem. The overarching purpose of reviewing pertinent literature in a case study paper is to demonstrate that you have thoroughly identified and synthesized prior studies in relation to explaining the relevance of the case in addressing the research problem.

III. Method

In this section, you explain why you selected a particular case [i.e., subject of analysis] and the strategy you used to identify and ultimately decide that your case was appropriate in addressing the research problem. The way you describe the methods used varies depending on the type of subject of analysis that constitutes your case study.

If your subject of analysis is an incident or event . In the social and behavioral sciences, the event or incident that represents the case to be studied is usually bounded by time and place, with a clear beginning and end and with an identifiable location or position relative to its surroundings. The subject of analysis can be a rare or critical event or it can focus on a typical or regular event. The purpose of studying a rare event is to illuminate new ways of thinking about the broader research problem or to test a hypothesis. Critical incident case studies must describe the method by which you identified the event and explain the process by which you determined the validity of this case to inform broader perspectives about the research problem or to reveal new findings. However, the event does not have to be a rare or uniquely significant to support new thinking about the research problem or to challenge an existing hypothesis. For example, Walo, Bull, and Breen conducted a case study to identify and evaluate the direct and indirect economic benefits and costs of a local sports event in the City of Lismore, New South Wales, Australia. The purpose of their study was to provide new insights from measuring the impact of a typical local sports event that prior studies could not measure well because they focused on large "mega-events." Whether the event is rare or not, the methods section should include an explanation of the following characteristics of the event: a) when did it take place; b) what were the underlying circumstances leading to the event; and, c) what were the consequences of the event in relation to the research problem.

If your subject of analysis is a person. Explain why you selected this particular individual to be studied and describe what experiences they have had that provide an opportunity to advance new understandings about the research problem. Mention any background about this person which might help the reader understand the significance of their experiences that make them worthy of study. This includes describing the relationships this person has had with other people, institutions, and/or events that support using them as the subject for a case study research paper. It is particularly important to differentiate the person as the subject of analysis from others and to succinctly explain how the person relates to examining the research problem [e.g., why is one politician in a particular local election used to show an increase in voter turnout from any other candidate running in the election]. Note that these issues apply to a specific group of people used as a case study unit of analysis [e.g., a classroom of students].

If your subject of analysis is a place. In general, a case study that investigates a place suggests a subject of analysis that is unique or special in some way and that this uniqueness can be used to build new understanding or knowledge about the research problem. A case study of a place must not only describe its various attributes relevant to the research problem [e.g., physical, social, historical, cultural, economic, political], but you must state the method by which you determined that this place will illuminate new understandings about the research problem. It is also important to articulate why a particular place as the case for study is being used if similar places also exist [i.e., if you are studying patterns of homeless encampments of veterans in open spaces, explain why you are studying Echo Park in Los Angeles rather than Griffith Park?]. If applicable, describe what type of human activity involving this place makes it a good choice to study [e.g., prior research suggests Echo Park has more homeless veterans].

If your subject of analysis is a phenomenon. A phenomenon refers to a fact, occurrence, or circumstance that can be studied or observed but with the cause or explanation to be in question. In this sense, a phenomenon that forms your subject of analysis can encompass anything that can be observed or presumed to exist but is not fully understood. In the social and behavioral sciences, the case usually focuses on human interaction within a complex physical, social, economic, cultural, or political system. For example, the phenomenon could be the observation that many vehicles used by ISIS fighters are small trucks with English language advertisements on them. The research problem could be that ISIS fighters are difficult to combat because they are highly mobile. The research questions could be how and by what means are these vehicles used by ISIS being supplied to the militants and how might supply lines to these vehicles be cut off? How might knowing the suppliers of these trucks reveal larger networks of collaborators and financial support? A case study of a phenomenon most often encompasses an in-depth analysis of a cause and effect that is grounded in an interactive relationship between people and their environment in some way.

NOTE: The choice of the case or set of cases to study cannot appear random. Evidence that supports the method by which you identified and chose your subject of analysis should clearly support investigation of the research problem and linked to key findings from your literature review. Be sure to cite any studies that helped you determine that the case you chose was appropriate for examining the problem.

IV. Discussion

The main elements of your discussion section are generally the same as any research paper, but centered around interpreting and drawing conclusions about the key findings from your analysis of the case study. Note that a general social sciences research paper may contain a separate section to report findings. However, in a paper designed around a case study, it is common to combine a description of the results with the discussion about their implications. The objectives of your discussion section should include the following:

Reiterate the Research Problem/State the Major Findings Briefly reiterate the research problem you are investigating and explain why the subject of analysis around which you designed the case study were used. You should then describe the findings revealed from your study of the case using direct, declarative, and succinct proclamation of the study results. Highlight any findings that were unexpected or especially profound.

Explain the Meaning of the Findings and Why They are Important Systematically explain the meaning of your case study findings and why you believe they are important. Begin this part of the section by repeating what you consider to be your most important or surprising finding first, then systematically review each finding. Be sure to thoroughly extrapolate what your analysis of the case can tell the reader about situations or conditions beyond the actual case that was studied while, at the same time, being careful not to misconstrue or conflate a finding that undermines the external validity of your conclusions.

Relate the Findings to Similar Studies No study in the social sciences is so novel or possesses such a restricted focus that it has absolutely no relation to previously published research. The discussion section should relate your case study results to those found in other studies, particularly if questions raised from prior studies served as the motivation for choosing your subject of analysis. This is important because comparing and contrasting the findings of other studies helps support the overall importance of your results and it highlights how and in what ways your case study design and the subject of analysis differs from prior research about the topic.

Consider Alternative Explanations of the Findings Remember that the purpose of social science research is to discover and not to prove. When writing the discussion section, you should carefully consider all possible explanations revealed by the case study results, rather than just those that fit your hypothesis or prior assumptions and biases. Be alert to what the in-depth analysis of the case may reveal about the research problem, including offering a contrarian perspective to what scholars have stated in prior research if that is how the findings can be interpreted from your case.

Acknowledge the Study's Limitations You can state the study's limitations in the conclusion section of your paper but describing the limitations of your subject of analysis in the discussion section provides an opportunity to identify the limitations and explain why they are not significant. This part of the discussion section should also note any unanswered questions or issues your case study could not address. More detailed information about how to document any limitations to your research can be found here .

Suggest Areas for Further Research Although your case study may offer important insights about the research problem, there are likely additional questions related to the problem that remain unanswered or findings that unexpectedly revealed themselves as a result of your in-depth analysis of the case. Be sure that the recommendations for further research are linked to the research problem and that you explain why your recommendations are valid in other contexts and based on the original assumptions of your study.

V. Conclusion

As with any research paper, you should summarize your conclusion in clear, simple language; emphasize how the findings from your case study differs from or supports prior research and why. Do not simply reiterate the discussion section. Provide a synthesis of key findings presented in the paper to show how these converge to address the research problem. If you haven't already done so in the discussion section, be sure to document the limitations of your case study and any need for further research.

The function of your paper's conclusion is to: 1) reiterate the main argument supported by the findings from your case study; 2) state clearly the context, background, and necessity of pursuing the research problem using a case study design in relation to an issue, controversy, or a gap found from reviewing the literature; and, 3) provide a place to persuasively and succinctly restate the significance of your research problem, given that the reader has now been presented with in-depth information about the topic.

Consider the following points to help ensure your conclusion is appropriate:

If the argument or purpose of your paper is complex, you may need to summarize these points for your reader.
If prior to your conclusion, you have not yet explained the significance of your findings or if you are proceeding inductively, use the conclusion of your paper to describe your main points and explain their significance.
Move from a detailed to a general level of consideration of the case study's findings that returns the topic to the context provided by the introduction or within a new context that emerges from your case study findings.

Note that, depending on the discipline you are writing in or the preferences of your professor, the concluding paragraph may contain your final reflections on the evidence presented as it applies to practice or on the essay's central research problem. However, the nature of being introspective about the subject of analysis you have investigated will depend on whether you are explicitly asked to express your observations in this way.

Problems to Avoid

Overgeneralization One of the goals of a case study is to lay a foundation for understanding broader trends and issues applied to similar circumstances. However, be careful when drawing conclusions from your case study. They must be evidence-based and grounded in the results of the study; otherwise, it is merely speculation. Looking at a prior example, it would be incorrect to state that a factor in improving girls access to education in Azerbaijan and the policy implications this may have for improving access in other Muslim nations is due to girls access to social media if there is no documentary evidence from your case study to indicate this. There may be anecdotal evidence that retention rates were better for girls who were engaged with social media, but this observation would only point to the need for further research and would not be a definitive finding if this was not a part of your original research agenda.

Failure to Document Limitations No case is going to reveal all that needs to be understood about a research problem. Therefore, just as you have to clearly state the limitations of a general research study , you must describe the specific limitations inherent in the subject of analysis. For example, the case of studying how women conceptualize the need for water conservation in a village in Uganda could have limited application in other cultural contexts or in areas where fresh water from rivers or lakes is plentiful and, therefore, conservation is understood more in terms of managing access rather than preserving access to a scarce resource.

Failure to Extrapolate All Possible Implications Just as you don't want to over-generalize from your case study findings, you also have to be thorough in the consideration of all possible outcomes or recommendations derived from your findings. If you do not, your reader may question the validity of your analysis, particularly if you failed to document an obvious outcome from your case study research. For example, in the case of studying the accident at the railroad crossing to evaluate where and what types of warning signals should be located, you failed to take into consideration speed limit signage as well as warning signals. When designing your case study, be sure you have thoroughly addressed all aspects of the problem and do not leave gaps in your analysis that leave the reader questioning the results.

Case Studies. Writing@CSU. Colorado State University; Gerring, John. Case Study Research: Principles and Practices . New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007; Merriam, Sharan B. Qualitative Research and Case Study Applications in Education . Rev. ed. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 1998; Miller, Lisa L. “The Use of Case Studies in Law and Social Science Research.” Annual Review of Law and Social Science 14 (2018): TBD; Mills, Albert J., Gabrielle Durepos, and Eiden Wiebe, editors. Encyclopedia of Case Study Research . Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, 2010; Putney, LeAnn Grogan. "Case Study." In Encyclopedia of Research Design , Neil J. Salkind, editor. (Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, 2010), pp. 116-120; Simons, Helen. Case Study Research in Practice . London: SAGE Publications, 2009; Kratochwill, Thomas R. and Joel R. Levin, editors. Single-Case Research Design and Analysis: New Development for Psychology and Education . Hilldsale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1992; Swanborn, Peter G. Case Study Research: What, Why and How? London : SAGE, 2010; Yin, Robert K. Case Study Research: Design and Methods . 6th edition. Los Angeles, CA, SAGE Publications, 2014; Walo, Maree, Adrian Bull, and Helen Breen. “Achieving Economic Benefits at Local Events: A Case Study of a Local Sports Event.” Festival Management and Event Tourism 4 (1996): 95-106.

Writing Tip

At Least Five Misconceptions about Case Study Research

Social science case studies are often perceived as limited in their ability to create new knowledge because they are not randomly selected and findings cannot be generalized to larger populations. Flyvbjerg examines five misunderstandings about case study research and systematically "corrects" each one. To quote, these are:

Misunderstanding 1 : General, theoretical [context-independent] knowledge is more valuable than concrete, practical [context-dependent] knowledge. Misunderstanding 2 : One cannot generalize on the basis of an individual case; therefore, the case study cannot contribute to scientific development. Misunderstanding 3 : The case study is most useful for generating hypotheses; that is, in the first stage of a total research process, whereas other methods are more suitable for hypotheses testing and theory building. Misunderstanding 4 : The case study contains a bias toward verification, that is, a tendency to confirm the researcher’s preconceived notions. Misunderstanding 5 : It is often difficult to summarize and develop general propositions and theories on the basis of specific case studies [p. 221].

While writing your paper, think introspectively about how you addressed these misconceptions because to do so can help you strengthen the validity and reliability of your research by clarifying issues of case selection, the testing and challenging of existing assumptions, the interpretation of key findings, and the summation of case outcomes. Think of a case study research paper as a complete, in-depth narrative about the specific properties and key characteristics of your subject of analysis applied to the research problem.

Flyvbjerg, Bent. “Five Misunderstandings About Case-Study Research.” Qualitative Inquiry 12 (April 2006): 219-245.

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What is a Case Study and Why should I Use It in My PhD Dissertation? Understanding the purpose of case studies in research.

A case study can provide appropriate research design in a qualitative or quantitative study to to gain concrete, contextual, in-depth knowledge and multi-faceted understanding of a complex issue in its real-life context. The case study can be a great tool for providing insight and developing theories in the avenue of present research.

What is a case study?

A case study is a structured, focused, in-depth look at a particular issue or topic that reports on the findings and conclusions of researchers who have studied the case. A case study is not intended to be an exploratory analysis or to make sweeping generalizations. Rather, it is an objective, focused, and structured approach to understand the specific circumstances of an issue or the people, places, and things that make up a society. Prepared to the best of the researchers knowledge, a case study is a unique research method. In fact, case studies are the most common type of qualitative research. A case study is often a combination of interviews, focus groups, documentation, and research documentation.

Why do researchers use case study?

Case studies often contain detailed, in-depth examination of a particular issue or topic that reports on the findings and conclusions of researchers who have studied the case. Case studies are excellent for gaining insight and understanding in the following ways: –

Focus on one aspect of the phenomena being studied
Give the researcher a window into the participants’ world
Explain the decision making process involved in data collection, analysis, and presentation
Allow for in-depth examination of the methodology

How to do a case study in PhD research

To conduct a case study, the students must first adhere to the university requirements and establish a strong subject knowledge in the domain of study. This is to help the researcher design the case study in a controlled environment. The case study must:

Be descriptive – Be specific – Be analytical – Be critical – Be narrative – Be written within required format

Key elements of a successful case study

The basic elements of a successful case study include: –

The phenomenon
The context
The methodology
The conclusions
The recommendations
The detail of resources used

Research design using cases

Research designs that incorporate the use of case studies are often qualitative or quantitative in nature. A quantitative approach to the study of a phenomenon could involve questionnaires to collect data about the respondents’ experiences. On the other hand, a qualitative approach could involve in-depth interviews to understand the thoughts, feelings, and experiences of people who are experiencing the same phenomenon as the research team. Case studies can also be used in the analysis of the validity of a plan. For example, a case study examining the feasibility of a new project could examine the cost, risks, and benefits of undertaking the study and the study’s design.

The case study can be used in various design settings:

Explanatory case studies aim to answer ‘how’ or ’why’ questions and involve an accurate description of the event or situation under study rather than the researcher’s thoughts.
A descriptive case study is one that is focused and detailed to illustrate an unfamiliar subject that the researcher wants the audience to understand and the phenomenon under study is carefully scrutinized.
Exploratory case studies aim to find answers to the questions of ‘what’ or ‘who’. This is often conducted on the premise of a larger research problem to narrow the focus of the study and reach a specific research objective.

Should I be using case studies in my research?

Eisenhardt (1989) says that case studies are:

“Particularly well suited to new research areas or research areas for

which existing theory seems inadequate. This type of work is highly

complementary to incremental theory building from normal science

research. The former is useful in early stages of research on a topic or

when a fresh perspective is needed, whilst the latter is useful in later

stages of knowledge” (pp.548-549).

There is a certain skepticism about the usefulness of case studies as an objective research method considering its many limitations like the reliability of the respondents and the behavioral differences that can contribute to the inadequacy of the information provided by the subjects of the case, the issue of possibility of generalization of the findings of a case study considering the narrow and focussed approach that case studied utilize and finally the researcher bias which forms the main disadvantage to an objective study. The researcher should also consider the efficiency of using case studies in his or her research because of the detailed nature of this method that is not only dependent on factors beyond control but also intensive in preparation and deduction of conclusions.

How to Write a Case Study | Examples & Methods

A case study is a research approach that provides an in-depth examination of a particular phenomenon, event, organization, or individual. It involves analyzing and interpreting data to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject under investigation.

Case studies can be used in various disciplines, including business, social sciences, medicine ( clinical case report ), engineering, and education. The aim of a case study is to provide an in-depth exploration of a specific subject, often with the goal of generating new insights into the phenomena being studied.

When to write a case study

Case studies are often written to present the findings of an empirical investigation or to illustrate a particular point or theory. They are useful when researchers want to gain an in-depth understanding of a specific phenomenon or when they are interested in exploring new areas of inquiry.

Case studies are also useful when the subject of the research is rare or when the research question is complex and requires an in-depth examination. A case study can be a good fit for a thesis or dissertation as well.

Case study examples

Below are some examples of case studies with their research questions:

These examples demonstrate the diversity of research questions and case studies that can be explored. From studying small businesses in Ghana to the ethical issues in supply chains, case studies can be used to explore a wide range of phenomena.

Outlying cases vs. representative cases

An outlying case stud y refers to a case that is unusual or deviates significantly from the norm. An example of an outlying case study could be a small, family-run bed and breakfast that was able to survive and even thrive during the COVID-19 pandemic, while other larger hotels struggled to stay afloat.

On the other hand, a representative case study refers to a case that is typical of the phenomenon being studied. An example of a representative case study could be a hotel chain that operates in multiple locations that faced significant challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as reduced demand for hotel rooms, increased safety and health protocols, and supply chain disruptions. The hotel chain case could be representative of the broader hospitality industry during the pandemic, and thus provides an insight into the typical challenges that businesses in the industry faced.

Steps for Writing a Case Study

As with any academic paper, writing a case study requires careful preparation and research before a single word of the document is ever written. Follow these basic steps to ensure that you don’t miss any crucial details when composing your case study.

Step 1: Select a case to analyze

After you have developed your statement of the problem and research question , the first step in writing a case study is to select a case that is representative of the phenomenon being investigated or that provides an outlier. For example, if a researcher wants to explore the impact of COVID-19 on the hospitality industry, they could select a representative case, such as a hotel chain that operates in multiple locations, or an outlying case, such as a small bed and breakfast that was able to pivot their business model to survive during the pandemic. Selecting the appropriate case is critical in ensuring the research question is adequately explored.

Step 2: Create a theoretical framework

Theoretical frameworks are used to guide the analysis and interpretation of data in a case study. The framework should provide a clear explanation of the key concepts, variables, and relationships that are relevant to the research question. The theoretical framework can be drawn from existing literature, or the researcher can develop their own framework based on the data collected. The theoretical framework should be developed early in the research process to guide the data collection and analysis.

To give your case analysis a strong theoretical grounding, be sure to include a literature review of references and sources relating to your topic and develop a clear theoretical framework. Your case study does not simply stand on its own but interacts with other studies related to your topic. Your case study can do one of the following:

Demonstrate a theory by showing how it explains the case being investigated
Broaden a theory by identifying additional concepts and ideas that can be incorporated to strengthen it
Confront a theory via an outlier case that does not conform to established conclusions or assumptions

Step 3: Collect data for your case study

Data collection can involve a variety of research methods , including interviews, surveys, observations, and document analyses, and it can include both primary and secondary sources . It is essential to ensure that the data collected is relevant to the research question and that it is collected in a systematic and ethical manner. Data collection methods should be chosen based on the research question and the availability of data. It is essential to plan data collection carefully to ensure that the data collected is of high quality

Step 4: Describe the case and analyze the details

The final step is to describe the case in detail and analyze the data collected. This involves identifying patterns and themes that emerge from the data and drawing conclusions that are relevant to the research question. It is essential to ensure that the analysis is supported by the data and that any limitations or alternative explanations are acknowledged.

The manner in which you report your findings depends on the type of research you are doing. Some case studies are structured like a standard academic paper, with separate sections or chapters for the methods section , results section , and discussion section , while others are structured more like a standalone literature review.

Regardless of the topic you choose to pursue, writing a case study requires a systematic and rigorous approach to data collection and analysis. By following the steps outlined above and using examples from existing literature, researchers can create a comprehensive and insightful case study that contributes to the understanding of a particular phenomenon.

Preparing Your Case Study for Publication

After completing the draft of your case study, be sure to revise and edit your work for any mistakes, including grammatical errors , punctuation errors , spelling mistakes, and awkward sentence structure . Ensure that your case study is well-structured and that your arguments are well-supported with language that follows the conventions of academic writing . To ensure your work is polished for style and free of errors, get English editing services from Wordvice, including our paper editing services and manuscript editing services . Let our academic subject experts enhance the style and flow of your academic work so you can submit your case study with confidence.

Want to create or adapt books like this? Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices.

Research Guides

Case Studies

Dee Degner; Amani Gashan; and Natalia Ramirez Casalvolone

Description

Creswell and Poth (2018) define case study as a strategy that involves the study of an issue explored through one or more cases within a bounded system (i.e., a setting or a context), a methodology, a type of design in qualitative research, or an object of study, as well as a product of the inquiry.

Flyvbjerg (2011) defines case study as an intensive analysis of an individual unit (as a person or community) stressing developmental factors in relation to the environment. Case study methodology aims to describe one or more cases in depth. It examines how something may be occurring in a given case or cases and typically uses multiple data sources to gather information. Creswell and Poth also argue that the use of different sources of information is to provide depth to the case description. Case study methodology aims to describe one or more cases in depth. It examines how something may be occurring in a given case or cases and typically uses multiple data sources to gather the information. This is the first step of data analysis in a qualitative case study. Following this, researchers must decide whether there is a case study to analyze, determine the boundaries of their case study and its context, decide whether they wish to use single or multiple case studies, and explore approaches to analyzing themes and articulating findings. Creswell and Poth (2018) are an ideal resource for defining case study, learning about its parts, and executing case study methodology.

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry & research: choosing among five approaches (4th ed.) . Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Flyvbjerg, B. (2011). Case study. In N. K. Denzin, & Y.S. Lincoln (Eds.), The Sage handbook of qualitative research (pp. 301-316 ). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Key Research Books and Articles on Case Study Methodology

Ashley, L. D. (2017). Case study research. In R. Coe, M. Waring, L. Hedges & J. Arthur (Eds), Research methods & methodologies in education (2nd ed., pp. 114-121). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

This edited text discusses several research methods in education. Dr. Laura Day Ashley, a professor at the University of Birmingham in the United Kingdom, contributes a chapter on case study research. Using research on how private and public schools impact education in developing countries, she describes case studies and gives an example.

Baxter, P., & Jack, S. (2008). Qualitative case study methodology: Study design and implementation for novice researchers. Qualitative Report, 13 (4), 544-559. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1573&context=tqr

The authors of this study presented an account of the qualitative case study methodology that can provide beneficial tools for researchers to explore any phenomenon under study within its context. The aim of this study was to guide novice researchers in understanding the required information for the design and implementation of any qualitative case study research project. This paper offers an account of the types of case study designs along with practical recommendations to determine the case under study, write the research questions, develop propositions, and bind the case. It also includes a discussion of data resources and the triangulation procedure in case study research.

Creswell, J. W. & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry & research: choosing among five approaches (4th ed.) . Los Angeles, CA: SAGE.

The authors are both recognized academics in the field of qualitative research; Dr. Creswell has authored many articles and 26 books on topics such as mixed-methods research, qualitative research, and research design, and Dr. Poth has written more than 30 peer reviewed journal articles and was a guest co-editor at the International Journal of Qualitative Methods. The book thoroughly reviews and compares five qualitative and inquiry designs, including research, phenomenological research, grounded theory research, ethnographic research, and case study research. Chapter 4, which is titled Five Qualitative Approaches, gives a thorough description and explanation of what a case study research contemplates. It discusses its definition and origins, its features, the types of case study procedures to follow when doing a case study, and the challenges faced during case study development. In the appendix, on page 119, the authors offer an example of a case study and a question that can be used for discussion. The entire book has pertinent information for both novice and experienced researchers in qualitative research. It covers all parts of the research process, from posing a framework to data collection, data analysis, and writing up.

Yin, R. K. (2016). Qualitative research from start to finish . New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

Yin is the CEO of an applied research firm. He has authored numerous articles in many fields, including education. He also authored Case Study Research, which is now in its Sixth Edition. This book uses three approaches (practical, inductive, and adaptive) to highlight many important aspects of Qualitative Research. He provides a definition of case study and references how case study differs from other types of research.

Recent Dissertations Using Case Study Methodology

Clapp, F. N. (2017). Teachers’ and researchers’ beliefs of learning and the use of learning progressions (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (Order Number 10261732)

This study from Colorado State University was designed to identify the beliefs and discourse that both the Learning Progressions (LP) developers and the intended LP implementers held around student learning, teaching, and learning progressions. The study’s research questions were examined through the use of an instrumental case study. The researchers were deliberate in applying theory and study phenomena in their context, as it investigated teachers’ practices in the context of their respective classrooms.

Applying theory to the study phenomena, this study provided insight into the relationship between LP models and teachers’ perceptions about how students learn content in a particular context. The data was collected using interviews with teachers who participated in a year-long teacher-in-residence program. Researchers and content experts who conceptualized the LP were also interviewed to study the impact that it had on participants’ perceptions of the LP and any teacher reported changes in their respective classrooms. The findings of this study inform literature on both science teacher professional development and LP’s theory to practice.

Ruiz, A. M. (2011). Teachers and English language learners experiencing the secondary mainstream classroom: A case study (Doctoral Dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (Order Number 3471646)

This study from Georgia State University answered the following questions: 1) How does a secondary mainstream teacher experience the phenomenon of the inclusion of ELLs in a mainstream content area classroom? 2) How do ELLs experience the phenomenon of inclusion within the secondary mainstream content area classrooms? 3) How do the points of interaction between the secondary mainstream teacher, the English language learners, the content and the context shape the experiences of the inclusive classroom?

To comprehend the socio-constructivist learning theory which guided the design of this study, one must begin with understanding the epistemological stance of constructionism. Constructionism is seated within an interpretivist paradigm which asserts that reality does exist outside the realm of human interpretation; rather, it is human interpretation which makes meaning of this reality. The researcher applied Denzin and Lincoln’s (2004) bricoleur approach to this study, as it offered them the opportunity “to piece together a set of representations that is fitted to the specifics of this complex situation in an overlapping series of events” (p. 4). The researcher stated that his worldview shaped his research questions which called for a single case study research design.

Smith, P. H. (2000). Community as resource for minority language learning: A case study of Spanish-English dual-language schooling (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (Order Number 304578045)

The author studied a school where a dual language (Spanish- English) program was being developed. He focused on the role of the community and the students’ acquisition of Spanish. Through a case study design, his theoretical framework was contemplated under the fields of language planning, language revitalization, and funds of knowledge. The author believed that minority language (Spanish) acquisition could be supported by incorporating local language resources, and in this way undermine the strong influence of the English language. To analyze his data, he went through a triangulation process of participant observation in classrooms, literacy instruction, teacher, parent and community interviews, and document and archival analysis. Findings showed that minority language resources are less often incorporated in the curriculum than those of the language majority. Thus the study suggested that these types of programs should include the funds of knowledge and available resources of the language minority communities.

Internet Resources

Graham R Gibbs. (2012, October 24). Types of Case Study. Parts 1-3 on Case Studies .

This series of videos by Graham R. Gibbs at the University of Huddersfield effectively explains case studies. Some of Gibbs’ books on qualitative research include Qualitative Data Analysis: Explorations with NVivo (2002) and Analyzing Qualitative Data (2018).

Graham R Gibbs. (2012, October 24). Types of Case Study. Part 1 on Case Studies . Retrieved from https://youtu.be/gQfoq7c4UE4

The first part of this series is an attempt to define case studies. Dr. Gibbs argued that it is a contemporary study of one person, one event, or one company. This contemporary phenomenon cab be studied in its social life context by using multiple sources of evidence.

When completing a case study, we either examine what affects our case and what effect it has on others, or we study the relationship between “the case” and between the other factors. In a typical case study approach, you choose one site to do your work and then you collect information by talking to people, using observations, interviews, or focus groups at that location. Case study is typically descriptive, meaning “you write what you see”, but it could also be exploratory or explanatory.

Types of Case Study:

Individual case study: One single person
Set of individual case studies: Looking at three single practices
Community studies: Many people in one community
Social group studies: The case representing social phenomenon “how something is defined in a social position”
Studies of organizations and institutions: The study of “election, ford, or fielding”
Studies of events, roles, and relationships: Family relationships

Graham R Gibbs. (2012, October 24). Planning a case study. Part 2 on Case Studies . Retrieved from https://youtu.be/o1JEtXkFAr4

The second part of this series explains how to plan a case study. Dr. Gibbs argues that when planning to conduct a case study, we should think about the conceptual framework, research questions, research design, sampling/replication strategy, methods and instruments, and analysis of data.

For any type of research, a good source of inspiration could be either from personal experiences or from talking with people about a certain topic that we can adopt.

The Conceptual Framework: Displays the important features of a case study; shows the relationships between the features; makes assumptions explicit; is selective, iterative, and based on theory; takes account of previous research; includes personal orientations, and includes overlap and inconsistency.

Research questions should:

Be consistent with your conceptual framework.
Cover conceptual framework.
Be structured and focused.
Be answerable.
Form a basis for data collection.

Graham R Gibbs. (2012, October 24). Replication or Single Cases. Part 3 of 3 on Case Studies . https://youtu.be/b5CYZRyOlys

In the final part of the three videos of case study, Dr. Gibbs examines case study designs and variations that are possible. He also discusses replication strategies which help give the studies reliability and test to see if they can be generalized. Dr. Gibbs highlights the methods and instruments used, how to analyze the data, and concludes with problems of validity you may encounter and common pitfalls of case study research. In summary, case studies can involve gathering a lot of data and you can start analyzing the data while collecting and going through it.

shirlanne84. (2014). Different types of case study </. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/tWsnvYs9Brs

In this short video (1.49 min.), three kinds of case studies (exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory) are described, as well as rationales for using them. These rationales are as follows:

Exploratory: If you know nothing about the case.
Descriptive: When you write what you see, you are describing the situation.
Explanatory: When you try to understand why things are happening, then you explain them.

Shuttleworth, M. (2008, Apr. 1). Case study research design [website]. Retrieved Feb 20, 2018 from https://explorable.com/case-study-research-design

This is a useful website that provides a guide to almost all of the research methods. It offers a clear explanation about what a case study is, the argument for and against the case study research design, how to design and conduct a case study, and how to analyze the results. This source provides a journey from the introduction of case study until the analysis of your data.

Case Studies Copyright © 2019 by Dee Degner; Amani Gashan; and Natalia Ramirez Casalvolone is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

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Can Dissertation be a Case Study: Research Example and Format

write Case study as dissertation

Also known as a thesis, a dissertation usually comes at the end of a degree course. Unlike essays and other standard research papers, a dissertation is a large project that requires a deeper depth of research.

The research can take up to the final six months of your degree course. The significance of this type of research is to test the ability of a student to do independent research. A student comes up with his or her own idea, does a thorough research then structures the content to make a final research paper.

In essence, this stage of your degree course teaches you how to manage your time and sharpen your individual working skills.

A student usually works with the department supervisor to make dissertation writing easier. The supervisor can help in planning the writing of the dissertation. The purpose of the supervisor is to provide guidance, feedback and advice as you progress from stage one of writing to the end.

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Can Dissertation be a Case Study?

There are very few instances when a dissertation is used as a case study because of the differences.

If you opt to use your dissertation as a case study, ensure that you do not focus on providing solution to the problem.

If it is an already written dissertation, it requires a lot of editing. In a dissertation, you provide the solution to a problem, but in case studies, only analysis of events is enough to complete the project.

How to Incorporate Case Study into Your Dissertation

A good qualitative case study can form the perfect basis of your dissertation and save you a lot of time.

To start with, a case study gives you the avenue to deeply analyze a situation. Precisely so, it will be easier for you to exhibit the academic survey level that your degree requires.

A good case study can be used in your dissertation in a practical sense.

In the final stages of your degree, time constraints are tight and a case study will take you a relatively short period to complete unlike a dissertation. Therefore, it is an appropriate form of research that saves time taken to navigate multiple research sites.

However, to incorporate a case study into your dissertation, pay attention to the potential drawbacks and limitations involved.

To avoid lowering the value and quality of your research, the following are some of the considerations to observe when selecting a proper case study for your dissertation:

a) The case study ought to be clear and in uniformity with the research purpose .

b) The particular case you choose, should be justified.

c) There has to be a clear explanation concerning the basis of the overviews made from your research results.

d) The case study should have a comparison between the chosen cases and others .

To date, there are many students who use case studies as an obvious option for research projects.

All in all, be careful how you implement the study into your research as many professors may view dissertation as one that lacks rigor and consistency. Despite this skepticism, case studies can offer more exhaustive insights that an ordinary research cannot achieve.

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How to Write Case Study Only as Your Dissertation

A case study and a dissertation share a lot of similarities but they are not the same.

In case studies, there is a full introduction of a topic. But, the opinion of the writer and other similar works do not need citation. Equally, a dissertation requires the citing of a writer’s view as well as that of other similar works.

A student who is about to graduate is supposed to know instances when case studies can be used as dissertation and when they cannot.

If you are worried about writing a great dissertation that will excite your lecturer, you can opt for the case study method.

Here are important steps to follow in writing a case study only as your dissertation:

Start by defining the particular question you are going to address in the paper. It will be easier if you create specific questions that will answer the main parts of the situation. Develop your focus of research to get all the information about the topic.
Design the process of the case study. Come up with a clear roadmap of the selected real life cases and ensure you know the reason why you have chosen them. Also, do not forget to enlighten more information about the research methods you intend to adopt for the purposes of data collection and analysis.
A case study written only as a dissertation needs a huge amount of data. Needless to say, a writer should develop a clear plan for data collection.
With your plan ready, proceed to the field and collect data. At this stage, do not make any interpretation of results until the research process is complete.
Having done that, present the data by reporting in a flowing manner. Use a simple language for readers to understand your interpretations effortlessly.

Formatting the Case Study

Following the right format guarantees a good case study paper that you can use to impress the professor as a dissertation.

Start with an introduction or an exclusive summary so as to inform the reader about the findings and analysis of the case study.

Secondly, provide background information by writing clear facts and pinpointing the topic issues to your audience.

The next part is to embark on the methods and findings.

This is a discussion that entails verdicts of the case you have chosen and should be divided into separate sections for easier understanding.

Afterwards, come to the section where you will provide the recommendations and how to implement them. Here, a writer should discuss the solution chosen, give clear reasons why it is the right one and how to put it into practice.

Good solutions usually focus on realistic means of improving the situation or solving it.

You can give evidence as a backup for the solutions you have proposed. The final part is to write a conclusion that summarizes all the important points from the evaluations and solutions of the case study.

3 Examples of Case Study Topics to Write as Dissertations

To arrive at a good case topic idea, hunt for the ultimate topic that inspires you. From the possible list of selection you have, narrow down to topics that reflect the main idea you want.

After arriving at the topic of choice, select the right methodology for researching. Below are good topics you can select for your case study:

1. Why start-up businesses are on a steady rise.

2. Research study case on patients with Omicron corona virus and the latest nursing methods for the virus.

3. Case study on the rise and rise of Tiktok.

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Regardless of the course you have selected or your academic objectives, a college student needs a good case study. The quality of this study will depend on the topic you select.

Therefore, if you select a topic correctly, your ideas will be well organized and you can use available research methodologies to write an interesting case study.

There are different categories of ideas you can base your study on depending on the subject you want. You can focus on titles ranging from information technology to psychology, education and environmental science.

There are also good topic ideas you can derive from applied physics, marketing, management, human right case studies or even nursing.

When not handling complex essays and academic writing tasks, Josh is busy advising students on how to pass assignments. In spare time, he loves playing football or walking with his dog around the park.

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Home » Dissertation – Format, Example and Template

Dissertation – Format, Example and Template

Table of Contents

Dissertation

Definition:

Dissertation is a lengthy and detailed academic document that presents the results of original research on a specific topic or question. It is usually required as a final project for a doctoral degree or a master’s degree.

Dissertation Meaning in Research

In Research , a dissertation refers to a substantial research project that students undertake in order to obtain an advanced degree such as a Ph.D. or a Master’s degree.

Dissertation typically involves the exploration of a particular research question or topic in-depth, and it requires students to conduct original research, analyze data, and present their findings in a scholarly manner. It is often the culmination of years of study and represents a significant contribution to the academic field.

Types of Dissertation

Types of Dissertation are as follows:

Empirical Dissertation

An empirical dissertation is a research study that uses primary data collected through surveys, experiments, or observations. It typically follows a quantitative research approach and uses statistical methods to analyze the data.

Non-Empirical Dissertation

A non-empirical dissertation is based on secondary sources, such as books, articles, and online resources. It typically follows a qualitative research approach and uses methods such as content analysis or discourse analysis.

Narrative Dissertation

A narrative dissertation is a personal account of the researcher’s experience or journey. It typically follows a qualitative research approach and uses methods such as interviews, focus groups, or ethnography.

Systematic Literature Review

A systematic literature review is a comprehensive analysis of existing research on a specific topic. It typically follows a qualitative research approach and uses methods such as meta-analysis or thematic analysis.

Case Study Dissertation

Mixed-Methods Dissertation

A mixed-methods dissertation combines both quantitative and qualitative research approaches to gather and analyze data. It typically uses methods such as surveys, interviews, and focus groups, as well as statistical analysis.

How to Write a Dissertation

Here are some general steps to help guide you through the process of writing a dissertation:

Choose a topic : Select a topic that you are passionate about and that is relevant to your field of study. It should be specific enough to allow for in-depth research but broad enough to be interesting and engaging.
Conduct research : Conduct thorough research on your chosen topic, utilizing a variety of sources, including books, academic journals, and online databases. Take detailed notes and organize your information in a way that makes sense to you.
Create an outline : Develop an outline that will serve as a roadmap for your dissertation. The outline should include the introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion.
Write the introduction: The introduction should provide a brief overview of your topic, the research questions, and the significance of the study. It should also include a clear thesis statement that states your main argument.
Write the literature review: The literature review should provide a comprehensive analysis of existing research on your topic. It should identify gaps in the research and explain how your study will fill those gaps.
Write the methodology: The methodology section should explain the research methods you used to collect and analyze data. It should also include a discussion of any limitations or weaknesses in your approach.
Write the results: The results section should present the findings of your research in a clear and organized manner. Use charts, graphs, and tables to help illustrate your data.
Write the discussion: The discussion section should interpret your results and explain their significance. It should also address any limitations of the study and suggest areas for future research.
Write the conclusion: The conclusion should summarize your main findings and restate your thesis statement. It should also provide recommendations for future research.
Edit and revise: Once you have completed a draft of your dissertation, review it carefully to ensure that it is well-organized, clear, and free of errors. Make any necessary revisions and edits before submitting it to your advisor for review.

Dissertation Format

The format of a dissertation may vary depending on the institution and field of study, but generally, it follows a similar structure:

Title Page: This includes the title of the dissertation, the author’s name, and the date of submission.
Abstract : A brief summary of the dissertation’s purpose, methods, and findings.
Table of Contents: A list of the main sections and subsections of the dissertation, along with their page numbers.
Introduction : A statement of the problem or research question, a brief overview of the literature, and an explanation of the significance of the study.
Literature Review : A comprehensive review of the literature relevant to the research question or problem.
Methodology : A description of the methods used to conduct the research, including data collection and analysis procedures.
Results : A presentation of the findings of the research, including tables, charts, and graphs.
Discussion : A discussion of the implications of the findings, their significance in the context of the literature, and limitations of the study.
Conclusion : A summary of the main points of the study and their implications for future research.
References : A list of all sources cited in the dissertation.
Appendices : Additional materials that support the research, such as data tables, charts, or transcripts.

Dissertation Outline

Dissertation Outline is as follows:

Title Page:

Title of dissertation
Author name
Institutional affiliation
Date of submission
Brief summary of the dissertation’s research problem, objectives, methods, findings, and implications
Usually around 250-300 words

Table of Contents:

List of chapters and sections in the dissertation, with page numbers for each

I. Introduction

Background and context of the research
Research problem and objectives
Significance of the research

II. Literature Review

Overview of existing literature on the research topic
Identification of gaps in the literature
Theoretical framework and concepts

III. Methodology

Research design and methods used
Data collection and analysis techniques
Ethical considerations

IV. Results

Presentation and analysis of data collected
Findings and outcomes of the research
Interpretation of the results

V. Discussion

Discussion of the results in relation to the research problem and objectives
Evaluation of the research outcomes and implications
Suggestions for future research

VI. Conclusion

Summary of the research findings and outcomes
Implications for the research topic and field
Limitations and recommendations for future research

VII. References

List of sources cited in the dissertation

VIII. Appendices

Additional materials that support the research, such as tables, figures, or questionnaires.

Example of Dissertation

Here is an example Dissertation for students:

Title : Exploring the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Academic Achievement and Well-being among College Students

This dissertation aims to investigate the impact of mindfulness meditation on the academic achievement and well-being of college students. Mindfulness meditation has gained popularity as a technique for reducing stress and enhancing mental health, but its effects on academic performance have not been extensively studied. Using a randomized controlled trial design, the study will compare the academic performance and well-being of college students who practice mindfulness meditation with those who do not. The study will also examine the moderating role of personality traits and demographic factors on the effects of mindfulness meditation.

Chapter Outline:

Chapter 1: Introduction

Background and rationale for the study
Research questions and objectives
Significance of the study
Overview of the dissertation structure

Chapter 2: Literature Review

Definition and conceptualization of mindfulness meditation
Theoretical framework of mindfulness meditation
Empirical research on mindfulness meditation and academic achievement
Empirical research on mindfulness meditation and well-being
The role of personality and demographic factors in the effects of mindfulness meditation

Chapter 3: Methodology

Research design and hypothesis
Participants and sampling method
Intervention and procedure
Measures and instruments
Data analysis method

Chapter 4: Results

Descriptive statistics and data screening
Analysis of main effects
Analysis of moderating effects
Post-hoc analyses and sensitivity tests

Chapter 5: Discussion

Summary of findings
Implications for theory and practice
Limitations and directions for future research
Conclusion and contribution to the literature

Chapter 6: Conclusion

Recap of the research questions and objectives
Summary of the key findings
Contribution to the literature and practice
Implications for policy and practice
Final thoughts and recommendations.

References :

List of all the sources cited in the dissertation

Appendices :

Additional materials such as the survey questionnaire, interview guide, and consent forms.

Note : This is just an example and the structure of a dissertation may vary depending on the specific requirements and guidelines provided by the institution or the supervisor.

How Long is a Dissertation

The length of a dissertation can vary depending on the field of study, the level of degree being pursued, and the specific requirements of the institution. Generally, a dissertation for a doctoral degree can range from 80,000 to 100,000 words, while a dissertation for a master’s degree may be shorter, typically ranging from 20,000 to 50,000 words. However, it is important to note that these are general guidelines and the actual length of a dissertation can vary widely depending on the specific requirements of the program and the research topic being studied. It is always best to consult with your academic advisor or the guidelines provided by your institution for more specific information on dissertation length.

Applications of Dissertation

Here are some applications of a dissertation:

Advancing the Field: Dissertations often include new research or a new perspective on existing research, which can help to advance the field. The results of a dissertation can be used by other researchers to build upon or challenge existing knowledge, leading to further advancements in the field.
Career Advancement: Completing a dissertation demonstrates a high level of expertise in a particular field, which can lead to career advancement opportunities. For example, having a PhD can open doors to higher-paying jobs in academia, research institutions, or the private sector.
Publishing Opportunities: Dissertations can be published as books or journal articles, which can help to increase the visibility and credibility of the author’s research.
Personal Growth: The process of writing a dissertation involves a significant amount of research, analysis, and critical thinking. This can help students to develop important skills, such as time management, problem-solving, and communication, which can be valuable in both their personal and professional lives.
Policy Implications: The findings of a dissertation can have policy implications, particularly in fields such as public health, education, and social sciences. Policymakers can use the research to inform decision-making and improve outcomes for the population.

When to Write a Dissertation

Here are some situations where writing a dissertation may be necessary:

Pursuing a Doctoral Degree: Writing a dissertation is usually a requirement for earning a doctoral degree, so if you are interested in pursuing a doctorate, you will likely need to write a dissertation.
Conducting Original Research : Dissertations require students to conduct original research on a specific topic. If you are interested in conducting original research on a topic, writing a dissertation may be the best way to do so.
Advancing Your Career: Some professions, such as academia and research, may require individuals to have a doctoral degree. Writing a dissertation can help you advance your career by demonstrating your expertise in a particular area.
Contributing to Knowledge: Dissertations are often based on original research that can contribute to the knowledge base of a field. If you are passionate about advancing knowledge in a particular area, writing a dissertation can help you achieve that goal.
Meeting Academic Requirements : If you are a graduate student, writing a dissertation may be a requirement for completing your program. Be sure to check with your academic advisor to determine if this is the case for you.

Purpose of Dissertation

some common purposes of a dissertation include:

To contribute to the knowledge in a particular field : A dissertation is often the culmination of years of research and study, and it should make a significant contribution to the existing body of knowledge in a particular field.
To demonstrate mastery of a subject: A dissertation requires extensive research, analysis, and writing, and completing one demonstrates a student’s mastery of their subject area.
To develop critical thinking and research skills : A dissertation requires students to think critically about their research question, analyze data, and draw conclusions based on evidence. These skills are valuable not only in academia but also in many professional fields.
To demonstrate academic integrity: A dissertation must be conducted and written in accordance with rigorous academic standards, including ethical considerations such as obtaining informed consent, protecting the privacy of participants, and avoiding plagiarism.
To prepare for an academic career: Completing a dissertation is often a requirement for obtaining a PhD and pursuing a career in academia. It can demonstrate to potential employers that the student has the necessary skills and experience to conduct original research and make meaningful contributions to their field.
To develop writing and communication skills: A dissertation requires a significant amount of writing and communication skills to convey complex ideas and research findings in a clear and concise manner. This skill set can be valuable in various professional fields.
To demonstrate independence and initiative: A dissertation requires students to work independently and take initiative in developing their research question, designing their study, collecting and analyzing data, and drawing conclusions. This demonstrates to potential employers or academic institutions that the student is capable of independent research and taking initiative in their work.
To contribute to policy or practice: Some dissertations may have a practical application, such as informing policy decisions or improving practices in a particular field. These dissertations can have a significant impact on society, and their findings may be used to improve the lives of individuals or communities.
To pursue personal interests: Some students may choose to pursue a dissertation topic that aligns with their personal interests or passions, providing them with the opportunity to delve deeper into a topic that they find personally meaningful.

Advantage of Dissertation

Some advantages of writing a dissertation include:

Developing research and analytical skills: The process of writing a dissertation involves conducting extensive research, analyzing data, and presenting findings in a clear and coherent manner. This process can help students develop important research and analytical skills that can be useful in their future careers.
Demonstrating expertise in a subject: Writing a dissertation allows students to demonstrate their expertise in a particular subject area. It can help establish their credibility as a knowledgeable and competent professional in their field.
Contributing to the academic community: A well-written dissertation can contribute new knowledge to the academic community and potentially inform future research in the field.
Improving writing and communication skills : Writing a dissertation requires students to write and present their research in a clear and concise manner. This can help improve their writing and communication skills, which are essential for success in many professions.
Increasing job opportunities: Completing a dissertation can increase job opportunities in certain fields, particularly in academia and research-based positions.

About the author

Muhammad Hassan

Researcher, Academic Writer, Web developer

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2024 Theses Doctoral

Modeling User Engagement on Online Social Platforms - A Context-Aware Machine Learning Approach

Peters, Heinrich

This dissertation examines the predictability of user engagement on online social platforms by integrating theoretical perspectives from the literature on media and technology habits with principles of context-aware computing. It presents three studies, each targeting a different facet of technology-mediated communication, from social media use in general to more granular behaviors like active and passive use and instant messaging. The first chapter proposes a novel approach to the study of social media habits through predictive modeling of sequential smartphone user behaviors. Using longitudinal smartphone app log data, it examines the predictability of app engagement as a way to capture a critical yet previously neglected aspect of media and technology habits: their embeddedness in repetitive behavioral sequences. The study employs Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and transformer neural networks to demonstrate that social media use follows predictable patterns over time and that its predictability varies substantially across individuals. T he second chapter shifts focus to the potential of context-aware modeling as a holistic yet parsimonious and privacy-preserving approach to predicting user engagement on online social platforms. Analyzing over 100 million Snapchat sessions from nearly 80,000 users via deep LSTM neural networks, the study demonstrates the predictability of active and passive use based on past behavior and a notable improvement in predictive performance upon integrating momentary context information. Features related to connectivity status, location, temporal context, and weather were found to capture non-redundant variance in user engagement relative to features derived from histories of in-app behaviors. The findings are consistent with the idea of context-contingent, habit-driven patterns of active and passive use, highlighting the utility of contextualized representations of user behavior for predicting user engagement on online social platforms. The third chapter investigates the predictability of attentiveness and responsiveness in instant messaging on a large online social platform. Utilizing metadata from over 19 million messages, the study examines the predictive power of a wide range of predictor groups, including message attributes, user attributes, and momentary context, as well as historical communication patterns within ego networks and dyadic relationships. The findings echo the overarching theme that habitual behaviors and contextual factors shape user engagement. However, in this case, dyad-specific messaging histories account for the overwhelming share of explained variance, underlining the socially interdependent nature of user engagement in instant messaging. Collectively, the three studies presented in this dissertation make a theoretical contribution by establishing media and technology habits as a suitable framework for the study of user engagement and by introducing a novel perspective that emphasizes the repetitive, predictable, and context-dependent nature of media and technology habits. The research makes an important empirical contribution through the use of novel, large-scale, objective behavioral data, enhancing the ecological validity and real-world applicability of its findings. Methodologically, it pioneers the use of context-aware sequential machine learning techniques for the study of media and technology habits. The insights garnered from this research have the potential to inform the design of engaging and ethical online social platforms and mobile technologies, highlighting its practical implications for the billions of users navigating these digital environments on a daily basis.

Instant messaging
Computer science
Social media
Machine learning
Neural networks (Computer science)
Longitudinal method
Snapchat (Electronic resource)

This item is currently under embargo. It will be available starting 2026-04-21.

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A case study is a detailed study of a specific subject, such as a person, group, place, event, organization, or phenomenon. Case studies are commonly used in social, educational, clinical, and business research. ... Case studies are often a good choice in a thesis or dissertation. They keep your project focused and manageable when you don't ...

A case study is one of the most commonly used methodologies of social research. This article attempts to look into the various dimensions of a case study research strategy, the different epistemological strands which determine the particular case study type and approach adopted in the field, discusses the factors which can enhance the effectiveness of a case study research, and the debate ...

Some case studies are structured like a standard scientific paper or thesis, with separate sections or chapters for the methods, results, and discussion. Others are written in a more narrative style, aiming to explore the case from various angles and analyse its meanings and implications (for example, by using textual analysis or discourse ...

The purpose of case study research is twofold: (1) to provide descriptive information and (2) to suggest theoretical relevance. Rich description enables an in-depth or sharpened understanding of the case. It is unique given one characteristic: case studies draw from more than one data source. Case studies are inherently multimodal or mixed ...

First, a case study provides a platform that allows you to study a situation in depth and produce the level of academic inquiry that is expected in a master's degree. In the context of any master's programme the dissertation operates as something of a showcase for a student's abilities. It can easily make the difference between getting a ...

Although case studies have been discussed extensively in the literature, little has been written about the specific steps one may use to conduct case study research effectively (Gagnon, 2010; Hancock & Algozzine, 2016).Baskarada (2014) also emphasized the need to have a succinct guideline that can be practically followed as it is actually tough to execute a case study well in practice.

1. Select a case. Once you identify the problem at hand and come up with questions, identify the case you will focus on. The study can provide insights into the subject at hand, challenge existing assumptions, propose a course of action, and/or open up new areas for further research. 2.

This is to help the researcher design the case study in a controlled environment. The case study must: Be descriptive - Be specific - Be analytical - Be critical - Be narrative - Be written within required format. Key elements of a successful case study. The basic elements of a successful case study include: - The issue The phenomenon

outcomes. The objective of this qualitative case study was to capture students' perceptions of their experiences and the processes that facilitated the outcomes or the quality of student learning. This study sought to inform the practice of developing engaging, instructional course design focused on student success and learning. The

In this article, quantitative content analysis was used to analyse 86 master's degree dissertations completed by a case study research design at South African universities during the period 2013-2015.

Case Studies Dee Degner; Amani Gashan; and Natalia Ramirez Casalvolone. Description. Creswell and Poth (2018) define case study as a strategy that involves the study of an issue explored through one or more cases within a bounded system (i.e., a setting or a context), a methodology, a type of design in qualitative research, or an object of study, as well as a product of the inquiry.

CUP Ed.D. Dissertations Concordia University Portland Graduate Research 6-1-2019 "Be Calm, Be Kind:" A Qualitative Descriptive Case Study of Instruction and Assessment of Stress Management Behavior Education in the Early Childhood Classroom Rebecca Eugenia Flasz Concordia University - Portland, [email protected]

Order and format of dissertation chapters may vary by institution and department. 1. Introduction 2. Literature review 3. Methodology 4. Findings 5. Analysis and synthesis 6. Conclusions and recommendations Chapter 1: Introduction This chapter makes a case for the signifi-cance of the problem, contextualizes the study, and provides an ...

A case study and a dissertation share a lot of similarities but they are not the same. In case studies, there is a full introduction of a topic. But, the opinion of the writer and other similar works do not need citation. Equally, a dissertation requires the citing of a writer's view as well as that of other similar works.

THE MIDWEST: A MULTIPLE CASE STUDY by Alejandro Morales A DISSERTATION PROPOSAL Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Major: Interdepartmental Area of Psychological Studies in Education (Counseling Psychology)

A case study dissertation is an in-depth analysis of a specific individual, group, or organization. It typically follows a qualitative research approach and uses methods such as interviews, observations, or document analysis. Mixed-Methods Dissertation. A mixed-methods dissertation combines both quantitative and qualitative research approaches ...

Dissertation Guidelines These guidelines provide a framework for thorough presentation of your research. The discussion in some parts of the chapters will differ for quantitative and qualitative research studies. The research questions normally drive selection of the methodological approach(es) and design of the research.

Marzano (2003) studied the practices of effective teachers. and determined that "an effective teacher-student relationship may be. the keystone that allows the other aspects to work well" (p. 91). The relationships that teachers develop with their students have. an important role in a student's academic growth.

An Exploratory Qualitative Case Study of a School-Based Multimodal Tablet Initiative by Erin E. Margarella A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Teaching and Learning College of Education University of South Florida Major Professor: Danielle V. Dennis, Ph.D.

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50 Best Father Quotes In Urdu | Fathers day Quotes in Urdu

Father Quotes In Urdu : Father is not only a relation, it’s a feeling of protection. Fathers are loved and revered every day. In many countries father’s day is dedicated to fathers to express love and gratitude towards fathers for their role in our lives.

Here we are going to share a few quotes related to this beautiful relationship. Share with your dad and make him feel good. You can explore the mothers day quotes from our urduwisdom.com website.

Father’s Quotes In Urdu

ایک مدت سے پکارا نہیں ابو ” کہہ کر ایک مدت سے ہوا یہ لفظ رخصت گھرسے

والد کی اپنے بچوں کے حق میں کی گئی دعا سیدھی اللہ پاک تک جاتی ہے

چاہے کتنا ہی بوڑھا کیوں نا ہو مگر گھر کا سب سے مضبوط ستون باپ ہی ہوتا ھے

باپ وہ عظیم ہستی ہے جس کے پسینے کی ایک بوند کی قیمت بھی اولاد ادا نہیں کر سکتی۔

کبھی وقت ملے تو اپنے والدین کے چہروں کی طرف دیکھنا آپ کو پتہ چلے گا کہ آپ کا مستقبل بناتے بناتے وہ خود کتنا ٹوٹ چکے ہیں

ماں باپ سے کبھی شکوہ نہ کرنا کہ انہوں نے آپ کو کیا دیا، شاید ان کے پاس بھی ساری زندگی صرف یہی تھا

والد کی دولت نہیں سایہ ہی کافی ہوتا ہے بے شک اگر ماں کے نیچے جنت ہے تو باپ کے بنا بھی جنت کا دروازہ نہیں کھلے گا۔

باپ ایسی کتاب ہے جس پر بہت سے تجربات تحریر ہوتے ہیں ۔ جو زندگی گزارنے میں رہنمائی کرتے ہیں ۔ اس لیے اسے اپنے سے کبھی دور مت رکھیں

جس کو ماں باپ کی بات سمجھ نہیں آتی ، اس کو زمانہ بہت اچھے سے سمجھا دیتا ہے

زندگی کی کہانی کا سب سے مشکل کردار باپ کا ہے، اور یہ زمہ داری کو باپ کے سوا کوئی نہیں نبھا سکتا۔

والد ایک کتاب ہے، جس پر تجربات تحریر ہوتے ہیں۔

Father Quotes In Urdu

والد ایک ایسی کتاب ہے! جس پر بہت سے تجربات تحریر ہوتے ہیں جو زندگی گزارنے میں رہنمائی کرتے ہیں اس لیے اسے اپنے سے کبھی دور مت رکھیں۔

باپ ایک ذمہ دار ڈرائیور ہوتا ہے جو گھر کی گاڑی کو اپنے خون پسینے سے چلاتا ہے

والد کی سختی برداشت کرو تا کہ با کمال ہوسکو تا کہ خدا تم کو دنیا میں بلند کرے

اپنے باپ کا حکم مانو تا کہ خوشحال ہو سکو۔

50 Best Father Quotes In Urdu | Fathers day Quotes in Urdu 2

والد ایک مقدس محافظ بھی ہے جو سارے خاندان کی نگرانی کرتا ہے۔

قدر کیجیے ان ہاتھوں کی جن ہاتھوں نے ہماری بنیادیں مضبوط کرتے کرتے اپنے ہاتھوں میں لاٹھیاں اور تسبیح پکڑ لی ہیں، قدر کیجیے اپنے والدین کی۔

میرے قدم کیسے ڈگمگا سکتے ہیں مجھے تو چلنا میرے بابا نے سیکھایا ہے۔

جب رزق میں تنگی محسوں ہو تو غور کر لیا کرو کہ ماں باپ کے لیے دعا کرنا تو نہیں چھوڑ دی.

اپنے ماں باپ سے اونچی آواز میں بات مت کیا کروجس دن وہ خاموش ہو گئے ۔ اس دن تم ان کی آواز سننے کو ترسو گئے اللّٰہ سب کی اولاد پر ان کے ماں باپ کا سایہ سلامت رکھے آمین

باپ کی موجودگی سورج کی مانند ہے، سورج گرم تو ضرور ہوتا ہے مگر سورج نہ ہوتو اندھیرا چھا جاتا ہے.

وہ لفظ ڈھونڈ رہا تھا لرزتے ہونٹوں سے ضعیف باپ نے بیٹے سے بات کرنی تھی

زندگی اور حالات جب تھکا دیتے ہیں اس لمحے ابو کی یہ بات ہمت اور حوصلہ بڑھا دیتی ہے کہ ‘میرا بیٹا بہت بہادر ہے

50 Best Father Quotes In Urdu | Fathers day Quotes in Urdu 3

These few Father Quotes In Urdu can’t fully express our love for our beloved fathers but still give us a chance to say a bit of what is hidden inside. May Almighty bless our parents.Ameen.

Enjoy the Father Quotes In Urdu and share them with your loved ones.

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Showbiz Hut

Fathers Day Wishes in Urdu – Inspirational Messages

Father’s Day is a day to say thank you to our great dads whose presence makes our life happier. Here we have Happy Fathers Day 2023 wishes in Urdu and inspirational messages for your father. Share these inspiring messages and wishes on Father’s day 2023 to your father and express your gratitude and love for him.

Happy Fathers Day Wishes in Urdu

Meri Zindagi Aap Ke He Dum se Haseen Hai. Aapka Wajod Hum Sab Ke Lea hmesha Bais-e-Musarat raha Hai. Aap Ase he Hmesha Hastay Muskaratay Rahian. Happy Father’s Day!

Pyara Baba Jaan, Aap Meri Taqat, Mashal-e-Rah aur sab se muklish sahara hain. Allah apko Salamt rakahay aur sehat manda rakahy. Happy Fathers Day 2023!

Main Aallah Tallah Ki Bayhad Shukar Guzar Hon Keh Mujhe Aap Jase Azeem Baap Naseeb Hoay. Apka Father’s Day Mubarak Ho!

Abu Jaan Meri Zindagi Main Aik He Khwaish Hain Keh Main Aap Ki Tarha Bun Sakon. Apki Her Ik Baat, Her Ik Amal Mere Lea Chirag Ki Manind Hai. Happy Father’s Day 2023!

Aap aik Behtreen Baap He Nahi Aik Behtreen Insaan Hain. Apko Main Har Roop Main Behtreen Paya Hai. Allah Apko Hasta Muskarta aur Sah-o-Abad Rakahy. Happy Fathers Day!

Father’s Day to Saal Main Aik Bar Atta Hai. Magar Apki Shaksiat se Nikalnay wali Roshni Har Roz Mere Dil Ko Har Roz Munawar Kerti Hai. Main Roz Apne Rab Ka Shukar Guzar Hota Hon Keh Aap Jesa Azeem Insan Mera Walid Hai.

Aap Meray superhero hain. Aap Ne Hmesha Har Halat Main Sab Se Pehlay Hmara Kheal Kea. Allah Hame Bhi Apka Kheal Rakhne Ki Toufeeq Day. Happy Father’s Day 2023!

Read More: Father’s Day Quotes and Hadees in Urdu for Fathers

Meri Jan se Zada Aziz Abu Mere lea to Her tou Har Din He Father’s Day. Aapki Waja Se he Her Din roshneon Se Bhar Jata Hai. Khud Apko Hmare Sar Ka Salamat Rakahy. Happy Fathers Day!

To Update or Add any Information in this article, please contact us via Email .

Father’s Day Quotes from Daughter in Urdu – Wishes, SMS
Baap Shayari in Urdu 2023, Maa Bap Emotional Poetry

Sara Rayan is content writer at Showbiz Hut. She is responsible for writing the articles related to the latest dramas, series, and celebrity buzz with infectious enthusiasm. Sara has more than 5 years of experience in creating engaging content related to entertainment industry.

Five Lines On My Father In Urdu

Back to: Ten Lines Mazameen

(1) میرے والد کا نام حافظ نثار احمد ہے۔
(2) میرے والد بجلی سے چلنے والی مشینوں کو ٹھیک کرنے کا کام کرتے ہیں۔
(3) میرے والد حافظ قرآن ہیں۔
(4) میرے والد ہم سب سے بہت پیار کرتے ہیں۔
(5) ہم اپنے والد کی بہت عزت کرتے ہیں اور ہمیشہ ان کی سلامتی کی دعا کرتے ہیں۔

How to Say Dad in Urdu: Formal and Informal Ways, Tips, and Examples

In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the various ways to say “Dad” in Urdu, both formally and informally. You will also find tips, examples, and regional variations if applicable. So, let’s dive in and expand your vocabulary in Urdu while discussing this important term of endearment.

Formal Ways to Say Dad in Urdu

Urdu, being a language rich in cultural nuances, offers several formal words to address one’s father. Here are some of the most commonly used ones:

Pronunciation: “Walid”

This term is a formal way of saying “dad” in Urdu. It is widely used across Pakistan and other Urdu-speaking regions. The word “والد” carries respect and commonly translates to “father” in English.

Pronunciation: “Ab”

Another formal way to address your father in Urdu is by using the word “اب,” which directly translates to “father.” This term is often used in official or respectful conversations.

Informal Ways to Say Dad in Urdu

While formal expressions dominate formal situations, informality and affection usually accompany the usage of personalized terms. Here are some common informal ways to refer to your dad in Urdu:

Pronunciation: “Baba”

“بابا” is the most widely used informal term for “dad” in Urdu. It is an affectionate term that highlights the close bond between a child and their father. This term is suitable for children and adults alike and is used in casual conversations.

Pronunciation: “Abu”

If you want to express familiarity and closeness, “ابو” is a popular informal term for “dad.” This term is widely used among friends and family members, representing a warm and personal relationship with one’s father.

Tips for Using Dad in Urdu

Here are some tips to keep in mind when using the term “dad” in Urdu:

1. Context Matters

The choice between formal and informal terms for “dad” depends on the context. In formal situations, opt for “والد” or “اب,” whereas informal terms like “بابا” or “ابو” work best in personal settings.

2. Consider Age and Respect

When addressing older individuals, it is generally more appropriate to use formal terms such as “والد” or “اب.” Informal terms like “بابا” or “ابو” may be used for individuals closer in age or when expressing familiarity.

3. Reflect Regional Influence

Urdu spoken in different regions might showcase slight variations. Some regions may have their distinct terms for “dad” that reflect local dialects or flavors. If you are interacting with people from a specific region, consider using their preferred local terms if known.

Let’s go through some examples to see how these terms are used in practice:

Formal Examples:

1. میں نے اپنے والد کو نئی کار لے لی ہے۔ Translation: I have bought a new car for my father. 2. میرے والد نے بہت ساری دعائیں کیں ہیں۔ Translation: My father has offered many prayers.

Informal Examples:

1. بابا ، آپ کیسے ہیں؟ Translation: Dad, how are you? 2. معاف کیجئے گا، ابو۔ Translation: Sorry, Dad.

Now, armed with a deeper understanding of how to say “Dad” in Urdu, you have a range of choices depending on the formality and familiarity of the situation. Whether using the formal “والد” or the affectionate “بابا,” you can easily navigate conversations with your father using the appropriate term. Remember to take context, age, respect, and even regional influences into consideration while addressing your dad in Urdu. So go ahead, practice using these terms, and strengthen your bond with your father in the beautiful language of Urdu.

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Saying birthday wishes to your dad is an excellent way to show your appreciation and love for him. Whether you want to convey a formal or informal message, your words should reflect the special bond and warmth of your relationship. In this guide, we will provide you with tips, examples, and variations to help you express your heartfelt birthday wishes to your dad.

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Saying goodbye to your dad in Spanish is not only a heartfelt gesture, but it also shows your appreciation and love for him. Whether it's a formal or informal situation, knowing how to bid farewell to your dad in Spanish can strengthen your bond and create lasting memories. In this guide, we will explore various ways to say "bye dad" in Spanish, covering both formal and informal expressions.

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Are you looking for ways to say "Chinese" in "dad"? Whether you want to impress your dad or simply explore the linguistic possibilities, this guide will provide you with formal and informal ways to express "Chinese" in the context of dad. While regional variations might not be explicitly covered, this guide will support your understanding with tips, examples, and a warm tone. Let's dive in!

How to Say "Curse Your Dad" in Arabic

In this guide, we will cover different ways to express the phrase "Curse your dad" in Arabic, including both formal and informal variations. Please note that using offensive language is strongly discouraged. Additionally, regional variations may exist, but we will primarily focus on standard Arabic. Let's get started!

How to Say Dad and Mom in Korean: Formal and Informal Ways

Greetings! Learning how to express "dad" and "mom" in Korean is a vital step in understanding the language and culture. In Korean, the words for "dad" and "mom" can be expressed differently depending on the level of formality and the age of the speaker. In this guide, we will explore the various ways to say "dad" and "mom" in Korean, including both formal and informal expressions. Let's get started!

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Are you ready to learn how to say "dad" and "mom" in Spanish? It's a great way to enhance your language skills and connect with Spanish-speaking individuals on a personal level. In this guide, we'll explore the formal and informal ways to refer to parents in Spanish, providing helpful tips and numerous examples. Whether you're a beginner or advanced learner, this resource will be invaluable to expand your vocabulary. Let's dive in!

How to Say Dad in Arabic: A Guide to Formal and Informal Ways

When learning a new language, one of the first words we often want to master is how to say "dad" or "father." In Arabic, this term holds deep cultural significance and there are various ways to express it depending on the formality and regional variations. This guide will provide you with comprehensive tips, examples, and respectful ways to say "dad" in Arabic.

Guide: How to Say "Dad Birthday"

Celebrating your dad's birthday is a momentous occasion that calls for special greetings. Whether you want to express your love formally or casually, finding the right words can make all the difference. In this guide, we'll provide you with a variety of ways to say "Dad Birthday," including both formal and informal options. While regional variations may exist, we'll stick to more universally understood phrases. Let's get started!

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Arabic Cantonese Chinese Dutch English Farsi Filipino French German Greek Hawaiian Hebrew Hindi Irish Italian Japan Japanese Korean Latin Mandarin Mexican Navajo Norwegian Polish Portuguese Punjabi Romanian Russian Sanskrit Sign Language Spanish Swahili Swedish Tagalog Tamil Thai Turkish Ukrainian Urdu Vietnamese

Oh what a useful explanation, thank you so much. Now I know to say "אתמול הייתי רופא עדשים".

The South Indian phrase - “ninnade kaNugalu tuppuko.” is wrong. “tuppuko” is not a word in kannada. Informally, we’d say…

Good luck Gracie Wren on your first London marathon . Your dedication and hard work will pay off.

You wrong Bruh. "While some Jehovah’s Witnesses may choose to celebrate birthdays..." NOPE! They forbid it. https://www.jw.org/en/jehovahs-witnesses/faq/birthdays/

I have always pronounced it with the third syllable "e" vul-GA-te. Could this be wrong in the original Latin?

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Revisit Congress Avenue in 1914, where revelers in cars crowd out horse drawn buggies

You don't have much time before Father's Day, which falls on June 16 this year, to match the magnificent gift given by a Texas man, originally from Marlin, who came close to immortalizing his father.

Jack Robertson, 81, uncovered a treasure trove of old Texas documents, essays, letters, photos and other ephemera in a box of memorabilia that had belonged to his father, Rupert Robertson (1895-1968).

A University of Texas professor emeritus of accounting, Jack recognized the historical value of Rupert's descriptive essays written for his English classes at UT from 1914 to 1916, as well as the evidence from his military service during World War I, when Rupert was a balloonist.

Since the elder Robertson starred on the Marlin high school track team and earned his track letter at UT in Austin, his son Jack wanted to preserve his father's writing at the university's Lutcher Stark Center for Physical Culture and Sports, a marvelously eccentric museum and archive tucked into the north end of Royal Memorial Stadium.

Terence "Terry" Todd, the late director of the Stark Center, and his wide, Jan Todd, current director, welcomed Rupert's personal papers, many from more than 100 years ago.

"Terry asked me to include a biography of my father, so independent researchers could add the personhood of the author to the context of the stories," Jack says. "Ten months and 62 pages later, I delivered the biography."

You read that right, the dutiful son produced a biography of his father that weighs in at 62 single-spaced pages, which, while short of being a book, is much more than a bio sketch.

I can't pretend to have read every word of this opus, but combined with Rupert's own writing, the world of Texas in the early 20th century became incrementally clearer to me through this gift from Jack Robertson.

A choice essay on Austin from Rupert Robertson

In 1914, Rupert Robertson wrote the following essay about a night on Congress Avenue, one of many he executed for English classes at UT. Note the keen details as Rupert's attention wanders — through various sentence structures — from one sensation to another. This was a time when most of the city's commercial traffic and entertainment venues were concentrated on Congress, but before the Paramount Theatre opened as the Majestic Theatre in 1915.

This particular personal anecdote — and others like it from all over the state — is available digitally to the public at thestoryoftexas.com through the Bob Bullock Texas State History Museum as part of the "Help Us Tell the Story of Texas" project.

"The rain is coming down slowly, and it wets the street so that it glistens under the big arc lights like a large mirror.

"The red and yellow drays are bespattered with mud. The streetcars, automobiles and other vehicles are rumbling down the street with such a terrible drum that I would think I was by myself if I could not see the throng of people moving up and down the street.

"Some are gazing at the beautifully lighted show windows which contain various shades of the latest styles of clothing; some are on the inside of the store purchasing articles, and some are looking at the red, white and green moving picture signs, and debate with themselves whether to go in or stay outside and parade the street with the "mob."

"The crowd is composed mostly of university students, but they are not in a hurry tonight. This is unusual, because as a general rule, these fellows are restless, and always go with push and vim wherever they are. But the college spirit is here, for every now and then I hear the jolly laugh of some young man at the joke or remark of one of his companions.

"Boys and girls in couples, clad in their grey and brown rainproof garments, are present in great numbers. There is an air of happiness and success among them as they go down one side of the street and come up the other; the thought of the green-back English book and the brown cloth-covered mathematic text is left behind and forgotten.

"The crowd is divided into groups which represent different fraternities, clubs and various other organizations. Each individual bunch has a characteristic of its own. The Rusticusses wearing big hats, the Phi Gamma Deltas grey mackinaws with a blue stripe, the Sigma Nu's ties, and the other organizations have some similar distinction.

"The rest of the crowd is compiled of town girls and boys; brown (Mexican American); Negro men and women; and a great part of the Jewish population. Here and there, and at every corner, I see a policeman watching the crowd as a cowboy on horseback watches a herd of cattle.

"The street is as crowded with vehicles as the sidewalks are with people. Along the curbing are many automobiles with their radiators pointing toward the crowd and the rear ends toward the middle of the street. At intervals are found horses and buggies, but not many because automobiles are rapidly taking their place.

"Then there are the candy vendors in their dingy clothing, selling brown peanut and pecan candies. The popcorn man has his wagon driven close to the curbing, and is selling chewing gum, peanuts and pink popcorn. The whole scene has an atmosphere of relaxation and freedom in spite of the gloominess of the weather."

Rupert Robertson the athlete

"After starting the biography," Jack Robertson writes, "I needed to continue to the end."

Rupert Cook Robertson was born March 31, 1895 in the rural town of Kosse, Texas (pop. 500) in southern Limestone County. His father, Charles Onward "C.O." Robertson was born in Alabama in 1867; his mother Martha Adeline "Mattie" Price Robertson, was born in Blue Ridge in Falls County in 1872.

Rupert was known as a "city boy" in Kosse, where his family owned a general store, but he spent much time on his grandfather's Price's farm in Falls County, where "all activity revolved around the fields and seasons."

Even in the early 20th century, rural Texas remained closer to the rhythms of the 19th century. "His transport was shoe-leather and horse-and-buggy," his son writes. "His water came from a well. His sanitation was the outhouse. His entertainment was outdoors with family and friends."

Socially, this was the "segregated South," with scant interaction between the races, other than the employer-worker relationships, Jack reminds readers.

Rupert was not the only Kosse native to make it big in sports. David E. "Kosse" Johnson Jr. starred as a halfback on the Rice Institute team during the 1950s and was drafted by the Green Bay Packers.

Another nearby exposure to big-time sports: Pro baseball teams — such as White Sox, Cardinals, Reds, Athletics and Giants — held spring training camps in nearby Marlin, which attracted flocks of tourists because its mineral water that promised reputed healing properties.

Rupert attended Marlin High School from 1912 to 1914. He lived in a boarding house operated by his Aunt Clara Belle Price. Even today, one can walk by blocks and blocks of sizable Victorian and farmhouse-style homes in Marlin.

Since his father disapproved of football, Rupert ran track. State high school track meets were held at UT's Clark Field beginning in 1905. The big four regional teams were Belton, San Antonio, Austin and Dallas. According to University of Texas Interscholastic League records, Marlin competed strongly from 1910 to 1915, and the school earned the top spot in 1914. As usual, Rupert won individual and team medals. (Jack's documents on these events are startlingly detailed.)

When Rupert entered UT in 1914, Austin was home to about 30,000 people, and 2,300 of those were members of the university's student body. His freshman class, for which he served as secretary-treasurer, counted 674 members.

Rupert said he wanted to study business in order to take over the family general store in Kosse. Jack always imagined that his father was recruited for his track skills, but he also turns up evidence of family and friends who had attended UT, and would have supported Rupert collegiate aspiration. He belonged to that generation of Texans whose families had survived pioneer life in the country and saw brighter horizons for their children in the cities and through higher education.

Rupert joined an athletic fraternity, Sigma Delta Psi, as well as Kappa Alpha, which includes among its brothers athletes who were Rupert's friends. Sports were already big on campus and getting bigger. Folks like Billy Disch, L. Theo Bellmont and Clyde Littlefield led what was becoming a dominant college power in football, basketball, track, tennis, gymnastics, wrestling and soccer — Rupert played wing on the soccer team. In track, he did well in high hurdles, mile relay and other events.

Life in the military and its aftermath

UT sports hollowed out, however, once the U.S. entered World War I on April 6, 1917. Athletes were among the first to enlist and the campus opened military training centers, which were later badly stricken by the flu epidemic in 1918-1919.

Rupert enlisted in the Army on Aug. 5, 1917 in Houston. Much of what he wrote about his first months is fairly anodyne but still illuminating about Austin and San Antonio, where he trained at Camp Travis, during the war. (For instance, Rupert did not pause his habit of dating campus beauties.) After basic training, he was assigned to Fort Omaha, Nebraska, on March, 26 1918 to enter the balloon school. He qualified to be a spherical balloon pilot.

Rupert's family expressed concern whenever the press reported balloon any accidents and explosions, but young man made it through two years in the corps unscathed. He skipped the flu, too, at a time when the military was among the hardest hit sectors in the U.S. by the pandemic. Aug. 30, 1918, Rupert was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Air Service. After a series of service flights, he was honorably discharged on Aug. 11, 1919 with bronze victory button.

The rest of Rupert's young adult life was spent working in real estate, insurance and various other Kosse businesses, as well as farming citrus fruit and working for firms in the Rio Grande Valley, Corpus Christi and California. In the Valley, he met and married widow Lois Lucille Rose Bartlett; they produced Sara Ellen Robertson Moore and Jack Robertson.

Rupert suffered from various medical conditions, including diabetes and depression, some of them traced to his military service. Lois taught school and the family eventually moved to Marlin, where Jack grew up. A good deal of the remaining personal history consists of Jack's childhood memories of his family while growing up there. (We'd need another column or two to do that part justice.)

Rupert died Jan. 10, 1968 at age 72.

Michael Barnes writes about the people, places, culture and history of Austin and Texas. He can be reached at [email protected]. Sign up for the free weekly digital newsletter, Think, Texas, at statesman.com/newsletters, or at the newsletter page of your local USA Today Network paper.

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Essay On Father in Urdu
Essay On Father in Urdu. میرے والد محترم میرے لئے ایک رول ماڈل ہیں کیونکہ وہ ایک قابل والد ہیں۔. ان میں وہ ساری صلاحیتیں ہیں جو ایک اچھے باپ کے پاس ہونی چاہیے۔. وہ نہ صرف میرے والد ہیں بلکہ میرے بہترین ...
Sher on Father's Day
bap ka hai faKHr wo beTa ki rakhta ho kamal. dekh aaine ko farzand-e-rashid-e-sang hai. Meer Mohammadi Bedar. Enjoy beautiful Father's Day collection, heart touching Father's Day in Hindi, English And Urdu. Shayari on Father's Day at Rekhta.
Urdu Speech on "Father's Day"
Urdu Speech on "Father's Day" اعوذ باللہ من الشیطٰن الرجیم بسم اللہ الرحمٰن الرحیم ایک مدت سے میری ماں نہیں سوئی تابش ایک مدت سے میری ماں نہیں سوئی تابش میں نے ایک بار کہا تھا مجھے ڈر لگتا ہے !!. Urdu Speech on "Markaz-e-Yaqeen Pakistan"
My Father speech in urdu
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10 Lines on Father's Day in Urdu || Father's Day Essay in Urdu
In this video, you will learn 10 Lines on Father's Day in Urdu. ABOUT THIS VIDEO Father's Day Essay in Urdu 10 Lines Father's Day in Urdu Short Urdu Essay ...
50+ Father Poetry in Urdu 2 Lines
Yeh baat sach hay, mera baap kam na tha meri maan say. Sad father poetry. پکڑ کے ہاتھ اُس نے ہاتھ مجھے گھر سے نکالا ہے. پکڑ کے ہاتھ جس کا میں نے چلنا سکھایا تھا. Pakar Ke Hath Us Ne Hath Mujhy Ghar Se Nikala hai. Pakar Ke Hath Jis Ka Main Ne Chalna Sikhaya Tha. Baap shayari urdu ...
Fathers Day Importance
Fathers Day Importance Essay. Though our parents, especially fathers, are so precious that their care and love cannot be bound to a single day; however, an international day named Father's Days is celebrated on 21st of June every year. Nobody can deny the important of Father's Day. But the question arises: is it all we need be doing for the ...
Father's Day Essay for Students in English
Essay on Father's Day. The first superhero any child meets in their life is their father. In the growing age of children, they need someone who can be their role model. Father is the best example of a superhero. A father works tirelessly day and night for his family so that he can educate his children well and support his family.
Celebrating Father's Day in Islam In Urdu
Celebrating Father's Day in Islam In Urdu | فادر ڈے منانا کیسا؟-. باپ کا قد اپنی حیثیت میں نہیں بیٹے کی ذات میں ہوتا ہے۔, fathers day in islam quotes, fathers day in islam 2020, father day in islam today.
fathers day quotes in Urdu
fathers day quotes in Urdu fathers day quotes in Urdu (download images in hd quality free) with Urdu classroom. ... Menu. home; exam papers NEW; scholarship exam; QUIZ NEW; home work; fathers day quotes in Urdu. June 17, 2023 by admin@urduclassroom. Spread the love. fathers day quotes in Urdu. Contents hide. 1 fathers day quotes in Urdu. 2 ...
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Father's Day Essay. Father's Day Essay اردو میں | Father's Day Essay In Urdu - 2200 الفاظ میں. والد کے دن پر مضمون . کوئی بھی بچہ ا
190+ Best Father Poetry in Urdu 2 Lines والِد پوئِٹْری
We compiled a great collection of father love poetry in Urdu that will make his day. Also Read: 290+ Love Maa Poetry in Urdu 2 Lines. Father's Day is a day of celebration for fathers and their newborn sons. Father's Day is celebrated on a different date in each country, recognizing paternity and parental power over their children.
50 Best Father Quotes In Urdu
These few Father Quotes In Urdu can't fully express our love for our beloved fathers but still give us a chance to say a bit of what is hidden inside. May Almighty bless our parents.Ameen. Enjoy the Father Quotes In Urdu and share them with your loved ones. admin. He is the founder of " Urdu Wisdom". He has a very deep interest in Life ...
My Father Essay in Urdu/میرےابو|mery walid urdu ...
My Father Essay in Urdu for class 1.My Father Essay in Urdu for class 2.My Father Essay in Urdu for class 3.My Father Essay in Urdu for class 4.My Father Ess...
Fathers Day Wishes in Urdu
Happy Fathers Day Wishes in Urdu. Meri Zindagi Aap Ke He Dum se Haseen Hai. Aapka Wajod Hum Sab Ke Lea hmesha Bais-e-Musarat raha Hai. Aap Ase he Hmesha Hastay Muskaratay Rahian. Happy Father's Day! Pyara Baba Jaan, Aap Meri Taqat, Mashal-e-Rah aur sab se muklish sahara hain. Allah apko Salamt rakahay aur sehat manda rakahy.
Five Lines On My Father In Urdu
Five Lines On My Father In Urdu- Read 5 Lines On My Father In Urdu, write 5 sentences about my father in urdu, mere abu par 5 sentences in urdu language, ... Urdu Grammar. Urdu Essays; Urdu Speeches; Urdu Applications; Moral Stories; Urdu Poetry. Urdu Poetry With Tashreeh; ... Ten Lines on Republic Day in Urdu ; Ten Lines On Independence Day Of ...
Urdu Word ہیپی فادرز ڈے
Happy Fathers Day ہیپی فادرز ڈے Meaning in English - Find the correct meaning of Happy Fathers Day in English, it is important to understand the word properly when we translate it from Urdu to English. There are always several meanings of each word in English, the correct meaning of Happy Fathers Day in English is H-FDAY, and in Urdu we write it ہیپی فادرز ڈے.
How to Say Dad in Urdu: Formal and Informal Ways, Tips, and Examples
Pronunciation: "Walid". This term is a formal way of saying "dad" in Urdu. It is widely used across Pakistan and other Urdu-speaking regions. The word "والد" carries respect and commonly translates to "father" in English. 2. اب. Pronunciation: "Ab". Another formal way to address your father in Urdu is by using the word ...
Best Urdu Speech On Father
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Urdu Vocabulary for Father's Day
Learn Urdu words for Father's Day. Get the translations and UrduPod101 audio lessons inside. Happy Father's Day!
Walid ke naam khat in urdu/letter to Father in urdu/ exam essay/ Walid
This video will help you to write a letter to father.If you like my video, please subscribe to my channel.#letter_in_urdu#walid_ko_khat#urdu#urduessay#urdues...
Much of Rupert Robertson's story focuses on athletic and military life
Jack Robertson, 81, uncovered a treasure trove of old Texas documents, essays, letters, photos and other ephemera in a box of memorabilia that had belonged to his father, Rupert Robertson (1895-1968).

Sher on Father's Day

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