leaving cert history nuremberg rallies essay

• Event Booking
• School Support
• Publications

Search form

Post primary.

• AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE
• APPLIED MATHS
• CLASSICAL STUDIES
• COMPUTER SCIENCE
• CONSTRUCTION STUDIES
• DESIGN & COMMUNICATION GRAPHICS (DCG)
• ENGINEERING
• HOME ECONOMICS
• MATHEMATICS
• MODERN LANGUAGES
• PHYSICAL EDUCATION
• POLITICS AND SOCIETY
• RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
• Misneach (Newly Appointed Principal)
• Tánaiste (Newly Appointed Deputy Principals)
• Forbairt (Experienced School Leaders)
• Comhar: Middle Leadership Programme
• Subject Leadership
• Data-Informed DEIS Planning Leadership
• Literacy Link Teacher
• PDST Wellread National Award
• Literacy and SSE
• Support Literacy at Home
• Literacy and Numeracy Strategy
• Numeracy Link Teacher
• SSE Resources
• Health & wellbeing

Senior Cycle - History

Dictatorship and democracy, 1920 - 1945

SC Subjects

• Early Modern
• Movements for political and social reform
• Sovereignty and Partition
• Politics and Society in Northern Ireland
• Dictatorship and democracy
• European Retreat from the Empire
• The United States and the world
• Government, economy and society
• Research Study
• Teaching, Learning & Assessment
• CPD Resources
• Subject Resources

14 Joyce Way, Park West Business Park, Nangor Road, Dublin 12 User Login | Teacher Login | Privacy Policy | Cookie Policy

To renew a subscription please login first

• Search for:
• About History Ireland
• Hedge Schools
• World War I
• Revolutionary Period 1912-23
• Devalera & Fianna Fail
• The Emergency
• Troubles in Northern Ireland
• Celtic Tiger
• 20th Century Social Perspectives
• Grattan’s Parliament
• The United Irishmen
• The Act of Union
• Robert Emmet
• Catholic Emancipation
• 1848 Rebellion
• Irish Republican Brotherhood / Fenians
• The Land League
• Parnell & his Party
• Gaelic Revival
• 18th-19th Century Social Perspectives
• The Reformation
• Hugh O’Neill
• Plantation of Ireland
• 1641 Rebellion
• Confederate War and Cromwell
• Williamite Wars
• Early Modern History Social Perspectives
• Gaelic Ireland
• Anglo-Norman Ireland
• Bruce Invasion
• Medieval Social Perspectives
• Pre-history / Archaeology
• Pre-Norman Social Perspectives
• Digital Edition

Leaving Cert history case studies

Leaving Certificate Curriculum: Document Case Studies & relevent HI articles

EARLY MODERN IRELAND

Topic 1: Reform and Reformation in Tudor Ireland, 1494-1558:

The Plantation of Laois/Offaly:

James Lyttleton, ‘ Seventeenth-century West Offaly : Accommodating the new realities (Vol. 12.1, Spring 2004)

Michael Quinn, ‘ Francis Cosby (1510-80), Stradbally, Queen’s County and the Tudor Conquest of Ireland ’ (Vol. 14.5, Sept-Oct 2006)

Women and marriage under Gaelic law

Art Cosgrove, ‘ Marriage in medieval Ireland ’ (Vol. 2.3, Autumn 1994)

The Bardic Schools:

Marc Caball, ‘Bardic poetry & the analysis of Gaelic mentalities’ (Vol. 2.2, Summer 1994) Can’t find this

Bernadette Cunningham, ‘ Irish language sources for Early Modern Ireland ’ (Vol. 4.1, Spring 1996).

Patrick Clark, ‘The O’Clery’s: hereditary historians and poets’ (Vol.18.3, May//June 2010) Can’t find this

Topic 2: Rebellion and conquest in Elizabethan Ireland, 1558-1603:

The Lordship of Tír Eoghain:

Hiram Morgan, ‘Gaelic Lordship and Tudor Conquest: Tír Eoghain, 1541-1603’ (Vol. 13.5, Sept/Oct 2005)  Can’t find this

Elizabethan Dublin:

Colm Lennon, ‘ Dublin’s Great Explosion of 1597 ’ (Vol. 3.3, Autumn 1995)

Topic 3: Kingdom v. colony: the struggle for mastery in Ireland, 1603-1660:

The Scots migration to Ulster:

Special issue on ‘ The Ulster plantation ’ (Vol. 17.6, Nov/Dec 2009)

Micheál MacCraith, ‘ Printing in the vernacular: the Louvain Project ’ (Vol. 15.4, July/Aug 2007)

Topic 4: Establishing a colonial ascendancy, 1660-1715:

Restoration Dublin:

John Gibney, ‘Restoration Dublin in the Ireland of its time, c.1660-1700’ (Vol. 14.3, May/June 2006)  Can’t find this

Angus Winchester, ‘ Dublin in the 1680s ’ (Vol. 15.1, Jan/Feb 2007)

Topic 5: Colony vs. kingdom: tensions in mid-18th century Ireland, 1715-1770:

The Ponsonbys:

Jame Kelly, ‘Henry Flood: the forgotten patriot’ (Vol. 7.1, Spring 1999)   Can’t find this

The Whiteboys:

James Patterson, ‘’Educated Whiteboyism’: the Cork tithe war, 1798-9’ (Vol. 12.4, Winter 2004)

Topic 6: The end of the Irish kingdom and the establishment of the Union, 1770-1815:

The Wexford Rebellion:

Daniel Gahan, ‘The military strategy of the Wexford United Irishmen in 1798’ (Vol. 1.4, Winter 1993)

Daniel Gahan, ‘The Scullabogue massacre 1798’ (Vol. 4.3, Autumn 1996)

The rise of Belfast:

Jonathan Bardon, ‘Belfast at its zenith’ (Vol. 1.4, Winter 1993)

Bill Rolston, ‘’A lying old scoundrel’: Waddell Cunningham & Belfast’s role in the slave trade’ (Vol. 11.1, Spring 2003)

Maynooth College:

Daire Keogh, ‘Maynooth: A Catholic seminary in a Protestant state’ (Vol. 3.3, Autumn 1995)

LATER MODERN IRELAND

Topic 1: Ireland and the Union, 1815-1870:

Private responses to famine, 1845-1849:

Christine Kinealy, ‘’The widow’s mite: private relief during the Great Famine’, (Vol. 16.2

Rob Goodbody, ‘Quakers & the Famine’ (Vol. 6.1, Spring 1998)

Peter Grey, ‘The triumph of dogma: ideology and famine relief (Vol. 3.2, Summer 1995)

The campaign for Catholic Emancipation, 1823-1829:

Thomas Bartlett, ‘The Catholic question in the eighteenth century’ (Vol. 1.1, Spring 1993)

Topic 2: Movements for political and social reform, 1870-1914:

The elections of 1886 and 1886: issues and outcomes:

Brian Walker, ‘The 1885 and 1886 general elections in Ireland’ (Vol. 13.6, Nov/Dec 2005)

Dublin 1913: strike and lockout:

Padraig Yeates, ‘The Dublin 1913 Lockout’ (Vol. 9.2, Summer 2001)

Christiaan Corlett, ‘The Church Street disaster, September 1913’ (Vol. 17.2, Mar/Apr 2009)

The GAA to 1891:

Noel Kissane, ‘Drink, Sunday School and the GAA: The use of documents in the teaching of history’ (Vol. 12.3, Autumn 2004)

Tom Hunt, ‘Classless cricket? Westmeath 1880-1905’ (Vol. 12.2, Summer 2004)

Richard McElligott, ‘’Degenearating from sterling Irishmen into contemptible West Britons’: The GAA and rugby in Kerry, 1885-1905’ (Vol. 19.4, July/Aug 2011)

Topic 3; The pursuit of sovereignty and the impact of partition, 1912-1949:

The Treaty negotiations, October-December 1921:

Michael Laffan, ‘The emergence of the ‘Two Irelands’, 1912-25’  (Vol. 12.4, Winter 2004)

Belfast during World War II:

Brian Barton, ‘The Belfast Blitz, April-May 1941’ (Vol. 5.3, Autumn 1997)

The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 :

Dermot Keogh, ‘The Catholic Church and the Irish Free State, 1922-32’ (Vol. 2.1, Spring 1994)

Rory O’Dwyer, ‘On show to the world: the Eucharistic Congress, 1932’ (Vol. 15.6, Nov/Dec 2007)

Topic 4: The Irish diaspora, 1840-1966:

Grosse Isle:

Michael Quigley, ‘Grosse Ile: Canada’s island famine memorial’ (Vol. 5.2, Summer 1997)

De Valera in America, June 1919-December 1920:

David B. Franklin, ‘Bigotry in ‘Bama: De Valera’s visit to Birmingham Alabama, April 1920’ (Vol 12.4, Winter 2004)

Michael Doorly, ‘The Friends of Irish Freedom: a case-study in Irish-American nationalism, 1916-21’ (Vol. 16.2, Mar/Apr 2008)

The Holy Host mission to Nigeria, 1945-1966:

Kevin O’Sullivan, ‘’The wind of change’: decolonisation in British West Africa’ (Vol. 14.4, Jul/Aug 2006)

Mary Dempsey, ‘The birth of a mission’ (Vol. 14.4, Jul/Aug 2006)

Topic 5: Politics and society in Northern Ireland, 1949-1993:

The Sunningdale agreement and the power-sharing executive, 1973-1974:

Gordon Gillespie, ‘Sunningdale and the 1974 Ulster Worker’s Council strike’ (Vol. 15.3, May/Jun 2007)

Topic 6: Government, economy and society in the Republic of Ireland, 1949-1989:

The impact of RTÉ 1962-1972:

Robert Savage, ‘’A stranger among us: Edward Roth and the development of Telefís Éireann’ (Vol. 18.2, Mar/Apr 2010)

EARLY MODERN EUROPE AND THE WIDER WORLD

Topic 2: Religion and power: politics in the later 16th century, 1567-1609:

The Spanish Armada:

Hiram Morgan, ‘Teaching the Armada: an introduction to the Anglo-Spanish War, 1585-1604’ (Vol. 14.5, Sept/Oct 2006)

Topic 3: The eclipse of Old Europe, 1609-1660:

Galileo and the Inquisition

Ernan McMullin, ‘ Galileo and Peter Lombard ’ (Vol. 15.4, Jul/Aug 2007)

Topic 5: Establishing empires, 1715-1775:

The West Indies slave plantations:

Micheál Ó Siochrú, ‘Shipped for the Barbadoes: Cromwell and Irish migration to the Caribbean’ (Vol. 16.4, Jul/Aug 2008) Can’t find

Nini Rodgers, ‘ The Irish and the Atlantic slave trade ’ (Vol. 15.3, May/Jun 2007)

LATER MODERN EUROPE AND THE WIDER WORLD

Topic 3: Dictatorship and democracy in Europe, 1920-1945:

Stalin’s show trials:

Geoffrey Roberts, ‘ Stalin’s victory? The Soviet Union and World II ’ (Vol. 16.1, Jan/Feb 2008)

The Nuremberg Rallies:

John Horne.’The origins and nature of Fascism and Nazisim in Europe (Vol. 13.1, Jan/Feb 2005)   Can’t find

Topic 4: Division and realignment in Europe, 1945-1992:

The Hungarian Uprising, 1956:

Terry Cox, ‘Hungary 1956’ (Vol. 14.3, May/Jun 2006) Can’t find

Topic 5: European retreat from empire and the aftermath, 1945-1990:

British withdrawal from India, 1945-1947:

Deirdre McMahon, ‘ The 1947 partition of India: Irish parallels ’ (Vol. 18.4, Jul/Aug 2010)

Topic 6: The United States and the World, 1945-1989:

The Montgomery bus boycott, 1956:

Quincy Lehr, ‘’ We are determined to struggle for justice and equality’: the Civil Rights era in African American history ’ (Vol. 15.1, Jan/Feb 2007)

Lyndon Johnson and Vietnam, 1963-1968:

Sandra Scanlon, ‘’ That bitch of a war’: Lyndon B. Johnson and Vietnam ’ (Vol.16.3, May/June 2008)

Personal Histories

On this day.

• 1921 In the general election to the parliament of Northern Ireland, the first in the UK to be held under proportional representation, the Unionist Party won 40 seats, with Sinn Féin and the Irish Parliamentary Party taking six seats each.
• 1819 Birth of Queen Victoria, the last British monarch of the House of Hanover, who reigned for 63 years (1837–1901).
• 2007 In the general election Fianna Fáil secured 41.6% of first preference votes, leading to the appointment of Bertie Ahern to a third successive term as taoiseach.
• 1964 A riot during a football match at the National Stadium, Peru, led to mass panic and the deaths of over 300 people—the biggest disaster in the history of sport
• 1923 The Irish Civil War ended with the order by Frank Aiken, chief of staff of the anti-Treaty IRA, ‘to dump arms’.
• 1921 Elections to the two Irish states (Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland) set up under the terms of the Government of Ireland Act (December 1920) were held. In Northern Ireland all 52 seats were contested. Forty Unionists, six Sinn Féin and six Nationalists were returned. In the South, 124 Sinn Féin candidates and four Unionists (for Trinity College) were elected unopposed.
• 1818 John Henry Foley, the leading sculptor of his day, notably of the O’Connell monument (1864–82) in O’Connell Street, born in 6 Montgomery Street, Dublin.
• 1923 The Civil War ended when the new chief-of-staff, Frank Aiken, ordered the IRA to dump arms.

Leaving Cert history: For the first time in history, history students had time

Students would have been happy with ‘broad and fair’ paper, say teachers.

Leaving Cert students prepare for their exams at Sutton Park School, Dublin. Photograph: Dara Mac Dónaill

For the first time in history, this year’s Leaving Cert history students did not have to stress as much about time, in a paper that provided candidates with extensive choice.

Susan Cashell, a history teacher at the Institute of Education, said that the race against the clock was removed this year. "There has always been a problem with time management for the history paper and it would make students' study of history and their exam experience less fraught if this amount of time allocation and question choice became the norm for the history paper."

Philip Irwin, ASTI history representative and a teacher at The High School in Rathgar, Dublin 6, said that the paper was "broad and fair", and students would have been happy with it.

"A document question about the Montgomery bus boycott, one of the three case studies on the course, provided students with scope to answer about the civil rights movement," Mr Irwin said. "There was a question on the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty which, in any other year where the students had to answer an additional question, would have been very long. Given that this is the 100th anniversary of the Treaty, a lot of students would have been hoping it would come up."

Leaving Cert French: A ‘muffled, horrendous and tricky’ exam

Leaving Cert diary: ‘More time, more choice, more change please’

Leaving Cert biology: Covid features on ‘challenging’ paper

Examwatch: Six things you need to know about the Leaving Cert

Ms Cashell said that the two most popular sections, sovereignty and dictatorship, each had three very accessible questions, including all three case studies on the Treaty and Eucharistic congress of 1932, as well as a "lovely" question on the effect of the second World War on both parts of the island of Ireland.

"Perhaps some students may have been expecting a question relating to the partition of Northern Ireland because of the anniversary of the setting up of the NI parliament," Ms Cashell said.

Mr Irwin said that questions on the problems facing Seán Lemass and/or Jack Lynch as taoiseach were good.

In the section on Europe and the wider world, dictators Stalin, Mussolini and Hitler all showed up, giving students a broad choice, Mr Irwin said.

On the ordinary level paper, Mr Irwin said there was a good spread of questions including partition, the Jarrow March in 1936 England – which many historians see a pivotal moment that influenced later social change – and the Nuremberg rally.

“There was good scope and a lot of chances for students to write about what they know,” said Mr Irwin.

Try this at home: Leaving Cert History, Higher Level

From your study of the Republic of Ireland, 1949-1989, what did you learn about two of the following: changing attitudes towards Irish language and culture; the impact of Vatican II; the influence of television?

Leaving Cert diary: ‘I just wish I could scoop up the books and head outside’

Leaving cert irish paper 2: brexit and blm feature on ‘fair and manageable’ paper, religion teachers believe catholic students being singled out for bullying, heated seanad exchanges follow collapse of stobart air, all necessary measures in place at leaving cert exam centres, says foley, examwatch: our last-minute leaving cert exam tips, in this section, ‘beautifully illustrated essay’ on intelligence of fungi by ul student wins 2024 mary mulvihill award, junior cycle reforms leave students unprepared for leaving cert, study finds, cross-border educational agreement focuses on advanced manufacturing, ‘keep childhood smartphone free’: minister says mobile operators back voluntary ban at primary level, tds and senators hear concerns over new fire safety regulations for complex buildings, the trouble with temu, the cut-price chinese competitor to amazon , taoiseach tells israeli public: ‘ira was never the people of ireland and hamas is not the people of palestine’, ‘my main takeaways a year after swapping ireland for portugal’, mallorca building collapse: at least four killed in incident at beachfront restaurant, ironman tragedy: what exactly happened during the fatal triathlon in youghal, latest stories, martyn turner, civil service union condemns ‘concerning narrative’ that leaving work on time is ‘quietly quitting’, directly-elected dublin mayor a ‘stupid idea’, says bertie ahern, padraig amond’s hat-trick secures victory for waterford over drogheda.

• Terms & Conditions
• Privacy Policy
• Cookie Information
• Cookie Settings
• Community Standards