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Factorio console commands guide: world editor, game speed, god mode, and more

Taking automation to a whole new level

Using Factorio's in-game console, players can do just about anything they could ever want to do in this marvellously addictive factory management game. From modifying the world around them to controlling the spread of biters, from instant teleporting to increasing your inventory size, from adjusting the game speed to enabling instant crafting of items, our Factorio console commands guide will show you exactly how to use all the most useful and powerful cheats in the game.

Factorio console commands

There's a simply colossal number of ways in which you can change your Factorio game using the in-game console. But we're both busy people, so I'm just going to lay out the most useful and frequently used cheats for you below.

• Player console commands (teleport, mine faster, craft faster, etc.)
• Inventory console commands (add inventory slots, enable cheat mode, etc.)
• Enemy console commands (kill nearby enemies, disable biter expansion, etc.)
• World console commands (world editor, reveal map, adjust game speed, etc.)
• Research console commands (faster research, enable all recipes, etc.)

How to use the Factorio console

To access Factorio's console , all you have to do is hit the "/" key while in-world. If this doesn't work, you can check (or assign) which key to press by opening the menu and navigating to Settings->Controls->Basic Interaction->Toggle chat (and Lua console) .

For a list of basic commands, simply type " /help " into the console, and you'll be given a list of possible commands that you can type in. However, if you're after cheats, what you're really after is the " /command " command (which you can abbreviate to just " /c ").

Please note: using the "/c" command will disable all achievements for your Factorio world, so make sure this is what you want to do before committing.

Now let's take a closer look at the most useful console commands in Factorio.

Player console commands

These Factorio cheats directly affect the player, allowing you to quickly move around and expand your manual capabilities.

Teleport player

• Function: teleports the player to the specified coordinates.

/c game.player.teleport([x],[y])

Mine faster

• Function: increases (or decreases) your manual mining speed. 0 = 100%, 1 = 200%, 2 = 300%, etc.

/c game.player.force.manual_mining_speed_modifier=100

Craft faster

• Function: increases (or decreases) your manual crafting speed. 0 = 100%, 1 = 200%, 2 = 300%, etc.

/c game.player.force.manual_crafting_speed_modifier=100

Increase player reach

• Function: increases the maximum reach distance of the player (how near you have to be in order to interact with or place an object). Default is 10.

/c local reach = 500 game.player.force.character_build_distance_bonus = reach game.player.force.character_reach_distance_bonus = reach

Inventory console commands

Become a master of the inventory with these Factorio inventory-focused console commands.

Enable Cheat Mode

• Function: enables or disables Cheat Mode. Cheat Mode allows free and instant crafting of any item. Replace "true" with "false" to disable.

/c game.player.cheat_mode=true

Add item to inventory

• Function: Adds the specified item to your inventory. You can find a list of item IDs here .

/c game.player.insert{name="infinity-chest", count=100}

Increase inventory size

• Function: increases your inventory size by adding the specified number of inventory slots.

/c game.player.force.character_inventory_slots_bonus=80

Enemy console commands

Control the spread of Biters in your Factorio world using these commands.

Enable Peaceful Mode

• Function: enables or disables Peaceful Mode. While Peaceful Mode is enabled, Biters won't attack you until provoked. Replace "true" with "false" to disable.

/c game.player.surface.peaceful_mode=true

Disable Biter Evolution

• Function: disables Biter Evolution by both time (first command) and pollution (second command).

/c game.map_settings.enemy_evolution.time_factor=0 /c game.map_settings.enemy_evolution.pollution_factor=0

Disable Biter Expansion

• Function: enables or disables Biter Expansion. Replace "false" with "true" to enable.

/c game.map_settings.enemy_expansion.enabled=false

Kill all enemies

• Function: kills all enemies in the explored world.

/c game.forces["enemy"].kill_all_units()

Kill nearby enemies

• Function: kills all enemy units (biters and nest structures) within the specified radius from the player.

/c local surface=game.player.surface local pp = game.player.position local cnt = 0 for key, entity in pairs(surface.find_entities_filtered({force="enemy", radius=250, position=pp })) do cnt = cnt+1 entity.destroy() end game.player.print(cnt)

Set Biter evolution factor

• Function: sets the Biter evolution factor. Minimum is 0, maximum is 1.

/c game.forces["enemy"].evolution_factor=0

World console commands

From altering the time of day and speed of time to changing the very terrain around you, these powerful commands will allow you to sculpt your perfect Factorio experience.

Enable the map editor

• Function: toggles the map editor overlay, allowing you to alter the terrain.

Reveal the map around the player

• Function: explores chunks in a radius around the player, much like a Radar does.

/c local radius=1000 game.player.force.chart(game.player.surface, {{game.player.position.x-radius, game.player.position.y-radius}, {game.player.position.x+radius, game.player.position.y+radius}})

Eternal daytime

• Function: locks the time of day to always daytime. Replace "true" with "false" to disable.

/c game.player.surface.always_day=true

Change game speed

• Function: Alters the speed at which the game engine runs. 1 = 100%, 2 = 200%, 3 = 300%, etc.

/c game.speed=2

Remove pollution

• Function: removes all existing pollution in the world.

/c game.player.surface.clear_pollution()

Turn off pollution

• Function: enables or disables pollution. Replace "false" with "true" to enable.

/c game.map_settings.pollution.enabled=false

Research console commands

Unlock all technologies or just making researching a lot quicker and easier with these commands.

Research all technologies

• Function: research all technologies.

/c game.player.force.research_all_technologies()

Unlock all recipes

• Function: enables all recipes.

/c for name, recipe in pairs(game.player.force.recipes) do recipe.enabled = true end

Research specific technology

• Function: researches the specified technology.

/c game.player.force.technologies['steel-processing'].researched=true

Increase research speed

• Function: increases your research speed. 1 = 100%, 2 = 200%, 3 = 300%, etc.

/c game.player.force.laboratory_speed_modifier=2

And with that, we've illustrated all the most useful Factorio console commands that we've found. Hopefully you found the above list useful. It might also be worth checking below for any other Factorio guides that take your fancy.

• Factorio guide and top tips - Our practical top tips for Factorio beginners.
• Factorio early game walkthrough - How to ace your first weeks in a new Factorio world.
• Factorio mods for 1.0 - Here are the very best Factorio mods we've ever used.
• Factorio console commands - The most useful cheats in Factorio revealed.
• Factorio blueprints - How to use blueprints, and the best blueprints we've found.

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• Steam Engine
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• Automation Science Pack (10)
• Assembling Machine 1

• Look online for a good speedrun map seed which fits your play style.
• Fiddle with the map generator settings without locking the achievement.
• Prepare blueprints for things like your main bus, hubs, smeltery and science packs.
• Learn keyboard/mouse shortcuts to play the game more efficiently.
• Watch a pro player speedrun the game to learn some tricks you might didn't know.
• Plan ahead on what research to focus on first, depending on your needs.
• Always be busy! Collect, build, fight. Idle time is wasted time.

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Research , accessed by pressing T, allows for more advanced technologies, machines and enhancements. Research can be performed in labs and uses Science Packs . Many only require Science Packs 1 and 2 but some, such as laser turrets, require millitary and Science Pack 3 in order to research.

The research screen uses a tree structure where by unlocking options via researching, further researchable utilities/features/machines will be unlocked.

• Green entries have already been researched thus technologies are available
• Orange entries can be researched
• Red entries are not yet available as other technologies further up in the tree must be researched first to unlock

Research All Technologies deprecated

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Factorio Blueprints

All the sciences (tileable), image .css-1rpikw3{display:inline-block;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;text-align:right;} .css-136s1l7{display:inline-block;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;text-align:right;}, description.

v0.17+ Tileable

.css-1sylyko{margin-right:5px;} data for blueprint book

Friday Facts #411 - All about asteroids

Hello! Welcome to Fearghall's Factorio Friday Facts! (FFFF, if you will.)

Over the last few months, you have seen asteroids a few times as a background part of some other FFFs, but for all their understated majesty, they were actually quite a complicated trick to pull off! Come with me as I take you on a 3720 to 1 journey through this asteroid field.

Asteroids do concern me

We first started with placeholder asteroids that were just the same as any other sprite - a 2D pre-rendered image with lights and shadows as part of it. This worked, but it looked pretty weird that the asteroids were all orientated the same direction, and only moved in the XY plane without rotating.

Mp4 playback not supported on your device. Early placeholder asteroids by v453000

So rotation is something that we were talking about going into the asteroid design process.

Asteroid designs Earendel

When we settled on 3 different asteroid types we could start on the real asteroid designs. Given the setting, it was clear that the asteroids would need to be as visually distinct from each other as possible.

We could have used the same conventional asteroid shape for all the asteroid types and only use colour to differentiate them like with the placeholders. That would require them to be more vibrant than we wanted them to be, but the main problem is that it just wouldn't look as good overall.

Instead we decided to design asteroids to be different in every aspect.

First, the overall shape. This is important because of the lighting on the asteroids. A large part of identifying them is the shape of their left illuminated side. Metallic asteroids would be heavily deformed concave shapes of pitted metal. Carbonic asteroids would be convex masses of gravel and dust, a bit more like merged spheres that had been blended together. Oxide asteroids would be hard faceted shapes with more straight lines and sharp angles.

For the materials, the metallic asteroids would have a metallic sheen. Carbonic asteroids would be very rough with more gravel-like surface imperfections. Oxide asteroids would be more shiny and glass-like, but less like a clean gemstone and more of a battered dusty or frosty look.

With these things we could have some nice looking and distinct asteroids, but it made another problem worse: The asteroids being very distinct, also made it very recognisable when any of them repeated. To avoid noticeable repetitions, we'd need loads of variations, and because the sprites are quite large doing so would be very costly.

Another option is to hide some of the similarity by making the asteroids rotate, but...

7680 reasons to not rotate Fearghall

Usually for sprites that need to rotate, such as the character or vehicles, we render a separate image for every rotation so the lighting matches up. While this approach would likely still have worked for this case, it would have been a performance nightmare - with each asteroid class having 5 sizes, each of which would need some amount of variants, and probably at least 64 frames to convincingly rotate, we would have needed a whopping 7680~ frames of animation.

Clearly, a different solution was needed.

Enter Shaders

It seemed clear that we would need some method of dynamically applying lighting information to an asteroid. This is where the game artist's best friend, the normal map, comes in. For those not in the know, a normal map is an image which essentially stores the slope of what it is representing.

Left/Right slopes are stored in the red channel, Top/Bottom slopes are stored in the green

In order to use this slope information to apply lighting, we need to do some clever maths on it in a shader to reference the slope direction from a fixed point of light.

Mp4 playback not supported on your device. Lighting updating with rotation

This gives us the "diffuse" lighting, but there is no colour information! As we don't want to create a 50s style space opera, we need our asteroids to not be black and white. So when rendering them, we need to separate out the colour information from the lighting information.

We can blend the generated lighting from the normal map onto our raw colour image, and it gives us a good-ish result

Diffuse colour | Diffuse Colour with applied lighting

However, you will notice a few things, the lighting is very “flat”, the metal of the metallic asteroids and the shininess of the ice don't come through. This is because the shader isn't accounting for the shininess of the materials yet. But we don't want a uniform increase in shininess, it should be different in different areas! So we render out another pass, this time for the specular lighting.

We apply this simply by using the diffuse colour to handle the reflection colour, and make the asteroids brighter in the right areas.

Specular only | Specular with previous steps

But the ice still looks wrong! It is too solid, ice allows some light to pass through it and scatter, giving it that beautiful blue glow. This is known as sub-surface scattering, or SSS. So, one more image and render pass for those, blended only in the areas where light is indirectly hitting.

There is also still a bit too much shadow on all the asteroids, however. While this is technically accurate since there is nothing to bounce light around in space, it looks unnatural to our earth-evolved eyes. So we can drop the intensity of the shadow down, and add a secondary light source at a complimentary angle to the first.

No SSS or bounce light | SSS and bounce light

And we are done! Thank you to Earendel and Posila for helping figure out some issues with the lighting calculations.

Space dust shader Fearghall

While Jerzy's starfield shader and the motion of the asteroids went some way towards showing the player the platform was moving, the effect was overall difficult to see, we needed something obvious and everywhere, but not over the top.

One solution would have been the classic warp speed effect of the likes of Star Trek or Dr.Who, but this felt a little cartoony and slightly divorced from the pseudo-realistic style of Factorio. So I settled instead on a compromise of some motion blurred micro-meteorites and interplanetary dust, presumably from all the exploded asteroids.

Mp4 playback not supported on your device. Space dust going by

One method to create this effect would have been spawning huge amounts of smoke and particles with some motion blur, however particles take quite a lot of resources in large numbers, and since this effect needs to scale with whatever size platform you are viewing, this would result in an exponential increase in cost.

Instead, I opted to create a single texture with all of the "particles" on it. In an effort to further optimise, this texture is then "packed" with several other textures used in the shader, this keeps the sampler count low, while still allowing for lots of detail.

With a little maths on the texture coordinates, we can make this image move, and by masking out the Red, green, blue, and alpha channels, we can access the “packed” data that we need.

Mp4 playback not supported on your device. Simply panning all the textures

However, the dust is all still moving at more or less the same rate, which looks weird. So we will make the specks and dust move at different rates by simply modifying the speed in the panner function. But we also don't want all the specks to move at the same speed, it would look too much like a single cohesive structure. This is where some of the masking textures come in. We can use image #1 to selectively mask out individual particles at different times, which helps sell the illusion of many small things moving independently. This is done with a bit of maths to graph a peak around a value, we then assign the target value to a time variable, and loop it back around.

Mp4 playback not supported on your device. "Random" selection of which speck to show

Currently the particles are using the trail image at 100% all the time, but they should be less blurred if they are moving slowly. Thanks to some pre planning when creating the image, we can do this by cutting out pixels below a threshold. Since the trail image is a linear gradient, this means we can control the length pretty easily, we just subtract the target value from the image value.

Mp4 playback not supported on your device. The specks grow a longer trail as the platform gains momentum.

If we repeat the process a couple of times at different speeds and scales, we create a forced parallax effect. I.e Dust closer to the camera is larger and moves more quickly.

Now all we need to do is combine it all together, and tie the intensity to the zoom level so it's not too distracting when building, and we are done!

Mp4 playback not supported on your device. Space dust over a moving platform

Done with the foreground element, anyway.

While the dust helps tell the story of movement, the space still feels very 2D. Why are all the asteroids perfectly planar with our platform?

So we need some background elements, more asteroids! Again, we could have just created more asteroids that render behind the platform and don't collide, but this seemed suboptimal.

Instead, I used a technique called "texture splatting" to create infinite amounts of asteroids from a single texture atlas containing only a few images. This (F)FFF is already quite long, so I won't go into details, but the function basically splits the screen into a grid, and aims to place 1 asteroid in each, with a random offset.

For those interested in the technique, Daniel Elliot created a fantastically in-depth youtube series on its implementation , which is almost the exact implementation used here.

The shader splits this image into single asteroids by modifying the UV-coordinate of the texture sample. If we create a grid of randomized UVs, we can place these asteroids within them. However, if an asteroid is placed across the boundary of 2 cells in the grid, it will be cut off. So we needed to reference neighboring cells to find out if they are overlapping the current cell. Thankfully, this can be managed by simply using the same function +/-1 in any given direction.

Mp4 playback not supported on your device. Here you can see the grid of cells we generate, as well as overlapping samples (coloured red).

We give each asteroid a random speed of rotation, motion, and scale, and do the whole thing again at a different scale for parallax. We then do the same and use the same calculations for dynamic lighting as before, and we have infinite fields of asteroids!

Mp4 playback not supported on your device. On and on and on forever

Thank you very much for coming on this long and technical journey with me. It seems our ship has survived intact.

As always, never tell me the odds in the usual places.

Sun unleashes massive X8.7 solar flare, biggest of current cycle, from super-active monster sunspot (video)

But those of us hoping for a repeat of the widespread auroras that lit up the skies worldwide on May 10 could be disappointed.

A massive sunspot on the sun's surface just left us another parting gift just as it rotates out of sight from our perspective here on Earth. 

The sunspot , designated, AR3664 , has been crackling with solar flares for days. On May 10, it erupted with an X5.8-class flare, and within the past 12 hours, a trio of X-class flares erupted from the sun measuring at X1.7, X1.3 and a whopping X8.7, the largest solar flare of the current 11-year solar cycle .

"Region 3664 produced yet ANOTHER X-ray flare as it moves beyond the Western solar limb!! This time, it was an X8.8 flare, the largest of this solar cycle!" NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center wrote in an update today (May 14).

Related: Watch monster flare-spewing sunspot grow to be 15 times wider than Earth (video)

Solar flares are intense bursts of electromagnetic radiation that originate from sunspots on our sun's surface. They are classified into lettered groups according to their size, with X-class flares being the most powerful. Within each of these classes, numbers from 1-10 (and beyond for X-class flares) denote a flare's relative strength.

Despite the monstrous size of this recent X8.7-class flare, those of us hoping for a repeat of the widespread auroras that lit up the skies worldwide on Friday (May 10) might be disappointed, as this flare is not expected to cause the northern lights to appear far father south then usual. "Due to its location, any CME associated with this flare will likely NOT have any geomagnetic impacts on Earth," NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center wrote in an update today (May 14).

However, as always with strong flares, there comes the possibility of radio blackouts on the sunlit side of our planet. 

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As observed by SpaceWeather.com , at the current location of AR3664, there's a connection between that region of the sun and Earth that's causing ongoing radio blackouts. Reports have been coming in from across Australia and Eastern Asia of frequencies 20 MHz or lower experiencing nearly a complete blackout. 

BOOM! Now THAT is a #SolarFlare, the largest this solar cycle by some margin (X8.8-class). We still await solar imagery, but no doubt the busy active region AR 13663 is the culprit. #spaceweather #astronomy pic.twitter.com/5hiNzynRCn May 14, 2024

As the monstrous sunspot rotates over the western edge, or limb, of the sun, it enters a location that magnetically joins it to Earth. A high-speed acceleration of charged particles, or protons, from AR3664 hop on this superfast space freeway that's called the Parker spiral . 

This is basically a high-speed silver bullet train that magnetic particles can catch a ride on from the sun to Earth. If you look at an image of the Parker spiral (below), it might actually remind you more of one of those rides at a water park where you’re launched out in a tube and then follow the spiral around and around until you get to that final location in the pool.

— The stormy sun erupts with its biggest solar flare yet from a massive sunspot — and it's still crackling (video)

— Watch monster flare-spewing sunspot grow to be 15 times wider than Earth (video)

— Behemoth sunspot AR3664 unleashes its biggest solar flare yet, sparking radio blackouts on Earth (video)

To get more technical, the sun's electric currents create a multiplex magnetic field which, as it ventures out into space between planets, births the interplanetary magnetic field. While the sun rotates, the solar wind transports the magnetic field out into space and voila, you have a big spinning spiral of charged particles! 

As the particles arrive at Earth's magnetic field, the protons whirl in and head toward the poles where they react with our atmosphere and start causing trouble for shortwave radio signal transmissions. 

As long as AR3664 continues to fire off flares in the days to come, we could see this lead to a polar cap absorption event , which we experienced in July 2023 . These events can affect radio communications for aircraft traveling over the poles.

Join our Space Forums to keep talking space on the latest missions, night sky and more! And if you have a news tip, correction or comment, let us know at: [email protected].

Meredith is a regional Murrow award-winning Certified Broadcast Meteorologist and science/space correspondent. She most recently was a Freelance Meteorologist for NY 1 in New York City & the 19 First Alert Weather Team in Cleveland. A self-described "Rocket Girl," Meredith's personal and professional work has drawn recognition over the last decade, including the inaugural Valparaiso University Alumni Association First Decade Achievement Award, two special reports in News 12's Climate Special "Saving Our Shores" that won a Regional Edward R. Murrow Award, multiple Fair Media Council Folio & Press Club of Long Island awards for meteorology & reporting, and a Long Island Business News & NYC TV Week "40 Under 40" Award.

India's space agency has been carefully watching our sun's solar tantrums

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2024 SS4A Awards

On May 17, 2024, the U.S. Department of Transportation announced nearly $64 million in grants for the fiscal year (FY) 2024 Safe Streets and Roads for All (SS4A) program, with funding going to 99 communities in 34 States . 

This is the first of three FY24 announcements for the SS4A competitive grant program and includes only Planning and Demonstration Grants from applications received by the first deadline, April 4.

These planning and demonstration projects help the nation’s cities, counties, metropolitan planning organizations, and Tribal governments better understand the safety challenges in their communities and begin to identify solutions to make our streets, roads, and highways safer for all road users. 

To find out more about the selected projects, you can view a list of the 99 grant awardees , check out the interactive awardee map below, and view a full-screen version of the awards map .

FY24 Opportunity Open Until August 29

The final deadline for FY24 SS4A grants is August 29, 2024. Learn how to apply .

USDOT expects to make additional FY24 award announcements in August and November. This page will be updated with each round of awards announcements.

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research console commands

Post by CloSteam » Wed Sep 28, 2016 5:01 pm

Re: research console commands

Post by Mooncat » Wed Sep 28, 2016 5:37 pm

Code: Select all

Post by CloSteam » Thu Sep 29, 2016 11:46 am

Post by Mooncat » Thu Sep 29, 2016 7:07 pm

CloSteam wrote: okay is that a command that doesnt have a boolean

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At michigan state university, international research team uses wavefunction matching to solve quantum many-body problems, new approach makes calculations with realistic interactions possible.

FRIB researchers are part of an international research team solving challenging computational problems in quantum physics using a new method called wavefunction matching. The new approach has applications to fields such as nuclear physics, where it is enabling theoretical calculations of atomic nuclei that were previously not possible. The details are published in Nature (“Wavefunction matching for solving quantum many-body problems”) .

Ab initio methods and their computational challenges

An ab initio method describes a complex system by starting from a description of its elementary components and their interactions. For the case of nuclear physics, the elementary components are protons and neutrons. Some key questions that ab initio calculations can help address are the binding energies and properties of atomic nuclei not yet observed and linking nuclear structure to the underlying interactions among protons and neutrons.

Yet, some ab initio methods struggle to produce reliable calculations for systems with complex interactions. One such method is quantum Monte Carlo simulations. In quantum Monte Carlo simulations, quantities are computed using random or stochastic processes. While quantum Monte Carlo simulations can be efficient and powerful, they have a significant weakness: the sign problem. The sign problem develops when positive and negative weight contributions cancel each other out. This cancellation results in inaccurate final predictions. It is often the case that quantum Monte Carlo simulations can be performed for an approximate or simplified interaction, but the corresponding simulations for realistic interactions produce severe sign problems and are therefore not possible.

Using ‘plastic surgery’ to make calculations possible

The new wavefunction-matching approach is designed to solve such computational problems. The research team—from Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University in Turkey; University of Bonn, Ruhr University Bochum, and Forschungszentrum Jülich in Germany; Institute for Basic Science in South Korea; South China Normal University, Sun Yat-Sen University, and Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics in China; Tbilisi State University in Georgia; CEA Paris-Saclay and Université Paris-Saclay in France; and Mississippi State University and the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) at Michigan State University (MSU)—includes  Dean Lee , professor of physics at FRIB and in MSU’s Department of Physics and Astronomy and head of the Theoretical Nuclear Science department at FRIB, and  Yuan-Zhuo Ma , postdoctoral research associate at FRIB.

“We are often faced with the situation that we can perform calculations using a simple approximate interaction, but realistic high-fidelity interactions cause severe computational problems,” said Lee. “Wavefunction matching solves this problem by doing plastic surgery. It removes the short-distance part of the high-fidelity interaction, and replaces it with the short-distance part of an easily computable interaction.”

This transformation is done in a way that preserves all of the important properties of the original realistic interaction. Since the new wavefunctions look similar to that of the easily computable interaction, researchers can now perform calculations using the easily computable interaction and apply a standard procedure for handling small corrections called perturbation theory.  A team effort

The research team applied this new method to lattice quantum Monte Carlo simulations for light nuclei, medium-mass nuclei, neutron matter, and nuclear matter. Using precise ab initio calculations, the results closely matched real-world data on nuclear properties such as size, structure, and binding energies. Calculations that were once impossible due to the sign problem can now be performed using wavefunction matching.

“It is a fantastic project and an excellent opportunity to work with the brightest nuclear scientist s in FRIB and around the globe,” said Ma. “As a theorist , I'm also very excited about programming and conducting research on the world's most powerful exascale supercomputers, such as Frontier , which allows us to implement wavefunction matching to explore the mysteries of nuclear physics.”

While the research team focused solely on quantum Monte Carlo simulations, wavefunction matching should be useful for many different ab initio approaches, including both classical and  quantum computing calculations. The researchers at FRIB worked with collaborators at institutions in China, France, Germany, South Korea, Turkey, and United States.

“The work is the culmination of effort over many years to handle the computational problems associated with realistic high-fidelity nuclear interactions,” said Lee. “It is very satisfying to see that the computational problems are cleanly resolved with this new approach. We are grateful to all of the collaboration members who contributed to this project, in particular, the lead author, Serdar Elhatisari.”

This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the German Research Foundation, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences President’s International Fellowship Initiative, Volkswagen Stiftung, the European Research Council, the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Security Academic Fund, the Rare Isotope Science Project of the Institute for Basic Science, the National Research Foundation of Korea, the Institute for Basic Science, and the Espace de Structure et de réactions Nucléaires Théorique.

Michigan State University operates the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) as a user facility for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science (DOE-SC), supporting the mission of the DOE-SC Office of Nuclear Physics. Hosting what is designed to be the most powerful heavy-ion accelerator, FRIB enables scientists to make discoveries about the properties of rare isotopes in order to better understand the physics of nuclei, nuclear astrophysics, fundamental interactions, and applications for society, including in medicine, homeland security, and industry.

The U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States and is working to address some of today’s most pressing challenges. For more information, visit energy.gov/science.

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‘Forever chemicals’ found to rain down on all five Great Lakes

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

“The Ins and Outs of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Great Lakes: The Role of Atmospheric Deposition” Environmental Science & Technology

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, also known as PFAS or “forever chemicals,” have become persistent pollutants in the air, water and soil. Because they are so stable, they can be transported throughout the water cycle, making their way into drinking water sources and precipitation. According to findings published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , precipitation introduces similar amounts of PFAS into each of the Great Lakes; however, the lakes eliminate the chemicals at different rates.

Consuming PFAS has been linked to negative health outcomes. And in April 2024, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) designated two forever chemicals — PFOS and PFOA — as hazardous substances, placing limits on their concentrations in drinking water. The Great Lakes are a major freshwater source for both the U.S. and Canada, and the EPA reports that the surrounding basin area is home to roughly 10% and 30% of each country’s population, respectively. Previous studies demonstrated that these lakes contain PFAS. But Marta Venier at Indiana University and colleagues from the U.S. and Canada wanted to understand where the compounds come from and where they go.

Between 2021 and 2022, 207 precipitation samples and 60 air samples were taken from five sites surrounding the Great Lakes in the U.S.: Chicago; Cleveland; Sturgeon Point, N.Y.; Eagle Harbor, Mich.; and Sleeping Bear Dunes, Mich. During the same period, 87 different water samples were collected from the five Great Lakes. The team analyzed all the samples for 41 types of PFAS and found:

• ·In precipitation samples, PFAS concentrations largely remained the same across sites, suggesting that the compounds are present at similar levels regardless of population density.
• In air samples, Cleveland had the highest median concentration of PFAS and Sleeping Bear Dunes the lowest, suggesting a strong connection between population density and airborne PFAS.
• In the lake water samples, the highest concentration of PFAS were in Lake Ontario, followed by Lake Michigan, Lake Erie, Lake Huron and Lake Superior.
• ·The concentration of PFOS and PFOA in lake water decreased compared to data from previous studies as far back as 2005, but the concentration of a replacement PFAS known as PFBA remained high, suggesting that further regulation efforts may be needed.

The team calculated that airborne deposition from precipitation is primarily how PFAS get into the lakes, while they’re removed by sedimentation, attaching to particles as they settle to the lakebed or flowing out through connecting channels. Overall, their calculations showed that the northernmost lakes (Superior, Michigan and Huron) are generally accumulating PFAS. Further south, Lake Ontario is generally eliminating the compounds and levels in Lake Erie remain at a steady state. The researchers say that this work could help inform future actions and policies aimed at mitigating PFAS’ presence in the Great Lakes. 

The authors acknowledge funding from the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Great Lakes National Program Office.

The American Chemical Society (ACS) is a nonprofit organization chartered by the U.S. Congress. ACS’ mission is to advance the broader chemistry enterprise and its practitioners for the benefit of Earth and all its people. The Society is a global leader in promoting excellence in science education and providing access to chemistry-related information and research through its multiple research solutions, peer-reviewed journals, scientific conferences, eBooks and weekly news periodical Chemical & Engineering News . ACS journals are among the most cited, most trusted and most read within the scientific literature; however, ACS itself does not conduct chemical research. As a leader in scientific information solutions, its CAS division partners with global innovators to accelerate breakthroughs by curating, connecting and analyzing the world’s scientific knowledge. ACS’ main offices are in Washington, D.C., and Columbus, Ohio.

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Broad Public Support for Legal Abortion Persists 2 Years After Dobbs

By more than 2 to 1, americans say medication abortion should be legal, table of contents.

• Other abortion attitudes
• Overall attitudes about abortion
• Americans’ views on medication abortion in their states
• How statements about abortion resonate with Americans
• Acknowledgments
• The American Trends Panel survey methodology

Pew Research Center conducted this study to understand Americans’ views on the legality of abortion, as well as their perceptions of abortion access. For this analysis, we surveyed 8,709 adults from April 8 to 14, 2024. Everyone who took part in this survey is a member of the Center’s American Trends Panel (ATP), an online survey panel that is recruited through national, random sampling of residential addresses. This way nearly all U.S. adults have a chance of selection. The survey is weighted to be representative of the U.S. adult population by gender, race, ethnicity, partisan affiliation, education and other categories. Read more about the ATP’s methodology .

Here are the questions used for the report and its methodology .

Nearly two years after the Supreme Court overturned the 1973 Roe v. Wade decision guaranteeing a national right to abortion, a majority of Americans continue to express support for abortion access.

About six-in-ten (63%) say abortion should be legal in all or most cases. This share has grown 4 percentage points since 2021 – the year prior to the 2022 decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization that overturned Roe.

The new Pew Research Center survey, conducted April 8-14, 2024, among 8,709 adults, surfaces ongoing – and often partisan – divides over abortion attitudes:

• Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents (85%) overwhelmingly say abortion should be legal in all or most cases, with near unanimous support among liberal Democrats.
• By comparison, Republicans and Republican leaners (41%) are far less likely to say abortion should be legal in all or most cases. However, two-thirds of moderate and liberal Republicans still say it should be.

Since before Roe was overturned, both parties have seen a modest uptick in the share who say abortion should be legal.

As in the past, relatively few Americans (25%) say abortion should be legal in all cases, while even fewer (8%) say it should be illegal in all cases. About two-thirds of Americans do not take an absolutist view: 38% say it should be legal in most cases, and 28% say it should be illegal in most cases.

Related: Americans overwhelmingly say access to IVF is a good thing

Women’s abortion decisions

A narrow majority of Americans (54%) say the statement “the decision about whether to have an abortion should belong solely to the pregnant woman” describes their views extremely or very well. Another 19% say it describes their views somewhat well, and 26% say it does not describe their views well.

Views on an embryo’s rights

About a third of Americans (35%) say the statement “human life begins at conception, so an embryo is a person with rights” describes their views extremely or very well, while 45% say it does not describe their views well.

But many Americans are cross-pressured in their views: 32% of Americans say both statements about women’s decisions and embryos’ rights describe their views at least somewhat well.

Abortion access

About six-in-ten Americans in both parties say getting an abortion in the area where they live would be at least somewhat easy, compared with four-in-ten or fewer who say it would be difficult.

However, U.S. adults are divided over whether getting an abortion should be easier or harder:

• 31% say it should be easier for someone to get an abortion in their area, while 25% say it should be harder. Four-in-ten say the ease of access should be about what it is now.
• 48% of Democrats say that obtaining an abortion should be easier than it is now, while just 15% of Republicans say this. Instead, 40% of Republicans say it should be harder (just 11% of Democrats say this).

As was the case last year, views about abortion access vary widely between those who live in states where abortion is legal and those who live in states where it is not allowed.

For instance, 20% of adults in states where abortion is legal say it would be difficult to get an abortion where they live, but this share rises to 71% among adults in states where abortion is prohibited.

Medication abortion

Americans say medication abortion should be legal rather than illegal by a margin of more than two-to-one (54% vs. 20%). A quarter say they are not sure.

Like opinions on the legality of abortion overall, partisans differ greatly in their views of medication abortion:

• Republicans are closely split but are slightly more likely to say it should be legal (37%) than illegal (32%). Another 30% aren’t sure.
• Democrats (73%) overwhelmingly say medication abortion should be legal. Just 8% say it should be illegal, while 19% are not sure.

Across most other demographic groups, Americans are generally more supportive than not of medication abortion.

Across demographic groups, support for abortion access has changed little since this time last year.

Today, roughly six-in-ten (63%) say abortion should be legal in all (25%) or most (38%) cases. And 36% say it should be illegal in all (8%) or most (28%) cases.

While differences are only modest by gender, other groups vary more widely in their views.

Race and ethnicity

Support for legal abortion is higher among Black (73%) and Asian (76%) adults compared with White (60%) and Hispanic (59%) adults.

Compared with older Americans, adults under 30 are particularly likely to say abortion should be legal: 76% say this, versus about six-in-ten among other age groups.

Those with higher levels of formal education express greater support for legal abortion than those with lower levels of educational attainment.

About two-thirds of Americans with a bachelor’s degree or more education (68%) say abortion should be legal in all or most cases, compared with six-in-ten among those without a degree.

White evangelical Protestants are about three times as likely to say abortion should be illegal (73%) as they are to say it should be legal (25%).

By contrast, majorities of White nonevangelical Protestants (64%), Black Protestants (71%) and Catholics (59%) say abortion should be legal. And religiously unaffiliated Americans are especially likely to say abortion should be legal (86% say this).

Partisanship and ideology

Democrats (85%) are about twice as likely as Republicans (41%) to say abortion should be legal in all or most cases.

But while more conservative Republicans say abortion should be illegal (76%) than legal (27%), the reverse is true for moderate and liberal Republicans (67% say legal, 31% say illegal).

By comparison, a clear majority of conservative and moderate Democrats (76%) say abortion should be legal, with liberal Democrats (96%) overwhelmingly saying this.

Views of abortion access by state

About six-in-ten Americans (58%) say it would be easy for someone to get an abortion in the area where they live, while 39% say it would be difficult.

This marks a slight shift since last year, when 54% said obtaining an abortion would be easy. But Americans are still less likely than before the Dobbs decision to say obtaining an abortion would be easy.

Still, Americans’ views vary widely depending on whether they live in a state that has banned or restricted abortion.

In states that prohibit abortion, Americans are about three times as likely to say it would be difficult to obtain an abortion where they live as they are to say it would be easy (71% vs. 25%). The share saying it would be difficult has risen 19 points since 2019.

In states where abortion is restricted or subject to legal challenges, 51% say it would be difficult to get an abortion where they live. This is similar to the share who said so last year (55%), but higher than the share who said this before the Dobbs decision (38%).

By comparison, just 20% of adults in states where abortion is legal say it would be difficult to get one. This is little changed over the past five years.

Americans’ attitudes about whether it should be easier or harder to get an abortion in the area where they live also varies by geography.

Overall, a decreasing share of Americans say it should be harder to obtain an abortion: 33% said this in 2019, compared with 25% today.

This is particularly true of those in states where abortion is now prohibited or restricted.

In both types of states, the shares of Americans saying it should be easier to obtain an abortion have risen 12 points since before Roe was overturned, as the shares saying it should be harder have gradually declined.

By comparison, changes in views among those living in states where abortion is legal have been more modest.

While Americans overall are more supportive than not of medication abortion (54% say it should be legal, 20% say illegal), there are modest differences in support across groups:

• Younger Americans are somewhat more likely to say medication abortion should be legal than older Americans. While 59% of adults ages 18 to 49 say it should be legal, 48% of those 50 and older say the same.
• Asian adults (66%) are particularly likely to say medication abortion should be legal compared with White (55%), Black (51%) and Hispanic (47%) adults.
• White evangelical Protestants oppose medication abortion by about two-to-one (45% vs. 23%), with White nonevangelicals, Black Protestants, Catholics and religiously unaffiliated adults all being more likely than not to say medication abortion should be legal.
• Republicans are closely divided over medication abortion: 37% say it should be legal while 32% say it should be illegal. But similar to views on abortion access overall, conservative Republicans are more opposed (43% illegal, 27% legal), while moderate and liberals are more supportive (55% legal, 14% illegal).

Just over half of Americans (54%) say “the decision about whether to have an abortion should belong solely to the pregnant woman” describes their views extremely or very well, compared with 19% who say somewhat well and 26% who say not too or not at all well.

Democrats (76%) overwhelmingly say this statement describes their views extremely or very well, with just 8% saying it does not describe their views well.

Republicans are more divided: 44% say it does not describe their views well while 33% say it describes them extremely or very well. Another 22% say it describes them somewhat well.

Fewer Americans (35%) say the statement “human life begins at conception, so an embryo is a person with rights” describes their views extremely or very well. Another 19% say it describes their views somewhat well while 45% say it describes them not too or not at all well.

(The survey asks separately whether “a fetus is a person with rights.” The results are roughly similar: 37% say that statement describes their views extremely or very well.)

Republicans are about three times as likely as Democrats to say “an embryo is a person with rights” describes their views extremely or very well (53% vs. 18%). In turn, Democrats (66%) are far more likely than Republicans (25%) to say it describes their views not too or not at all well.

Some Americans are cross-pressured about abortion

When results on the two statements are combined, 41% of Americans say the statement about a pregnant woman’s right to choose describes their views at least somewhat well , but not the statement about an embryo being a person with rights. About two-in-ten (21%) say the reverse.

But for nearly a third of U.S. adults (32%), both statements describe their views at least somewhat well.

Just 4% of Americans say neither statement describes their views well.

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Public opinion on abortion, americans overwhelmingly say access to ivf is a good thing, what the data says about abortion in the u.s., nearly a year after roe’s demise, americans’ views of abortion access increasingly vary by where they live, most popular, report materials.

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Reproductive rights in America

Despite state bans, abortions nationwide are up, driven by telehealth.

Elissa Nadworny

Abortion rights activists at the Supreme Court in Washington, D.C. on March 26, the day the case about the abortion drug mifepristone was heard. The number of abortions in the U.S. increased, a study says, surprising researchers. Drew Angerer/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

Abortion rights activists at the Supreme Court in Washington, D.C. on March 26, the day the case about the abortion drug mifepristone was heard. The number of abortions in the U.S. increased, a study says, surprising researchers.

In the 18 months following the Supreme Court's decision that ended federal protection for abortion, the number of abortions in the U.S. has continued to grow, according to The Society of Family Planning's WeCount project .

"We are seeing a slow and small steady increase in the number of abortions per month and this was completely surprising to us," says Ushma Upadhyay , a professor and public health scientist at the University of California, San Francisco who co-leads the research. According to the report, in 2023 there were, on average, 86,000 abortions per month compared to 2022, where there were about 82,000 abortions per month. "Not huge," says Upadhyay, "but we were expecting a decline."

Shots - Health News

What's at stake in the supreme court mifepristone case.

The slight increase comes despite the fact that 14 states had total abortion bans in place during the time of the research. According to the report, there were about 145,000 fewer abortions in person in those states since the Dobbs decision, which triggered many of the restrictive state laws.

"We know that there are people living in states with bans who are not getting their needed abortions," says Upadhyay. "The concern we have is that that might be overlooked by these increases."

Florida, California and Illinois saw the largest surges in abortions, which is especially interesting given Florida's recent 6-week ban that started on May 1.

Abortion rights opponents demonstrate in New York City, on March 23. Some states' abortion bans are known as "heartbeat bills," because they make abortion illegal after cardiac activity starts, usually around six weeks of pregnancy. Kena Betancur/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

Abortion rights opponents demonstrate in New York City, on March 23. Some states' abortion bans are known as "heartbeat bills," because they make abortion illegal after cardiac activity starts, usually around six weeks of pregnancy.

The latest report also captures for the first time the impact of providers offering telehealth abortions from states with protections for doctors and clinics known as shield laws – statutes that say they can't be prosecuted or held liable for providing abortion care to people from other states.

Between July and December 2023, more than 40,000 people in states with abortion bans and telehealth restrictions received medication abortion through providers in states protected by shield laws. Abortion pills can be prescribed via telehealth appointments and sent through the mail; the pills can safely end pregnancies in the first trimester.

The report includes abortions happening within the U.S. health care system, and does not include self-managed abortions, when people take pills at home without the oversight of a clinician. For that reason, researchers believe these numbers are still an undercount of abortions happening in the U.S.

Tessa Longbons Cox is a senior research associate at Charlotte Lozier Institute, a research organization that opposes abortion. She says the WeCount report, "highlights a concerning trend" that policies around mail-order abortion pills are boosting abortion rates. "By recklessly removing in-person medical visits and safeguards, abortion advocates have put women's health and safety last," Longbons Cox says in a statement.

Accounting for the increases

A major factor in the uptick in abortions nationwide is the rise of telehealth, made possible in part by regulations first loosened during the coronavirus pandemic.

According to the report, telehealth abortions now make up 19% of all abortions in the U.S. In comparison, the first WeCount report which spanned April 2022 through August 2022 showed telehealth abortions accounted for just 4% of all abortions. Research has shown that telehealth abortions are as safe and effective as in-clinic care.

"It's affordable, it's convenient, and it feels more private," says Jillian Barovick, a midwife in Brooklyn and one of the co-founders of Juniper Midwifery , which offers medication abortion via telehealth to patients in six states where abortion is legal. The organization saw its first patient in August 2022 and now treats about 300 patients a month.

A Supreme Court abortion pill case with potential consequences for every other drug

"Having an in-clinic abortion, even a medication abortion, you could potentially be in the clinic for hours, whereas with us you get to sort of bypass all of that," she says. Instead, patients can connect with a clinician using text messages or a secure messaging platform. In addition to charging $100 dollars for the consultation and medication – which is well below the average cost of an abortion – Barovick points to the cost savings of not having to take off work or arrange child care to spend multiple hours in a clinic.

She says her patients receive their medication within 1 to 4 business days, "often faster than you can get an appointment in a clinic."

A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine on Monday followed about 500 women who had medication abortions with the pills distributed via mail order pharmacy after an in-person visit with a doctor. More than 90% of the patients were satisfied with the experience; there were three serious adverse events that required hospitalization.

In addition to expansions in telehealth, there have been new clinics in states like Kansas, Illinois and New Mexico, and there's been an increase in funding for abortion care – fueled by private donors and abortion funds.

The impact of shield laws

During the period from October to December 2023, nearly 8,000 people per month in states with bans or severe restrictions accessed medication abortions from clinicians providing telehealth in the 5 states that had shield laws at the time. That's nearly half of all monthly telehealth abortions.

"It's telemedicine overall that is meeting the need of people who either want to or need to remain in their banned or restricted state for their care," says Angel Foster, who founded The MAP, a group practice operating a telehealth model under Massachusetts' shield laws. "If you want to have your abortion care in your state and you live in Texas or Mississippi or Missouri, right now, the shield law provision is by far the most dominant way that you'd be able to get that care."

Foster's group offers medication abortions for about 500 patients a month. About 90% of their patients are in banned or restrictive states; about a third are from Texas, their most common state of origin, followed by Florida.

"Patients are scared that we are a scam," she says, "they can't believe that we're legit."

Since the WeCount data was collected, additional states including Maine and California have passed shield laws protecting providers who offer care nationwide. The new shield laws circumvent traditional telemedicine laws, which often require out-of-state health providers to be licensed in the states where patients are located. States with abortion bans or restrictions and/or telehealth bans hold the provider at fault, not the patient.

The NPR Politics Podcast

One small pill — one big court case.

Existing lawsuits brought by abortion opponents, including the case awaiting a Supreme Court decision, have the potential to disrupt this telehealth surge by restricting the use of the drug mifepristone nationwide. If the Supreme Court upholds an appeals court ruling, providers would be essentially barred from mailing the drug and an in-person doctor visit would be required.

There is also an effort underway in Louisiana to classify abortion pills as a controlled substance.

• abortion bans
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Labs are buildings that perform research for technologies by consuming science packs . Use of a lab is required to progress in Factorio.

When productivity modules are used in labs, the productivity bonus is directly calculated and applied each tick so the productivity bar is simply cosmetic. This means that it does not matter that the productivity bar resets when the research is changed, no productivity bonus is lost. [1]

The player can only research one technology at a time, but can use multiple labs for faster results. The speed bonus of labs when lab research speed is researched and modules are present can be calculated using this formula: research_bonus × module_bonus = speed_bonus ; the percentage bonuses have to be converted to decimals (e.g. +140% = 2.4) before the formula is used.

Inserters can insert and remove science packs from labs. This allows chaining multiple labs together with inserters, each inserter taking science packs, as needed, from one lab and placing it into the next.

• 1.1 Equation simplification

Production requirements

Calculating the number of science packs needed per second is straightforward:

• ERS = (1 + B[r] ÷ 100) × (1 + M[r] ÷ 100)
• ACT = T[r] ÷ ERS
• PPS = N ÷ ACT
• ERS is "effective lab research speed"
• B[r] is the Lab Research Speed bonus as reported by the game, in percent
• M[r] is the sum of all module speed effects (Speed modules - positive; Productivity modules - negative), in percent
• ACT is "adjusted cycle time"
• T[r] is the research cycle time as displayed in the research screen
• PPS is "packs per second"
• N is the number of labs available.

Thus, for a 10-lab setup, researching Nuclear Power (30 second cycle time) with Lab Research Speed 4 (140% bonus) and no module effects, the calculation is:

• ERS = 1 + (140 ÷ 100) = 2.4
• ACT = 30 ÷ 2.4 = 12.5 s
• PPS = 10 ÷ 12.5 = 0.8

This means 0.8 science packs per second, of each type, would need to be produced to continuously supply the labs.

Equation simplification

Assuming all labs have the same B[r] (which they always will unless they are affected by different module configurations), the above calculations can be combined into one equation:

• PPS = N × (1 + B[r] ÷ 100) × (1 + M[r] ÷ 100) ÷ T[r]

Thus for the numerical example:

• PPS = 10 × (1 + 140 ÷ 100) × 1 ÷ 30 = (10 ÷ 30) × (1 + 1.4) = (1 ÷ 3) × 2.4 = 2.4 ÷ 3 = 0.8 packs per second

If trying to find the amount of labs needed to consume a given amount of packs per second, use the following rearrangement:

• N = ((1 + B[r] ÷ 100) × (1 + M[r] ÷ 100) ÷ T[r] ÷ PPS) ^ −1
• Lab speed info in the description contains the researched speed bonus as well.
• The research speed of a lab is now not dependent on its electricity consumption, and can be scripted.
• Lab research is now continuous; Science packs now have progress bars.
• Labs are now named after early access backers when built from blueprints .
• Changed the recipe of Lab to require 4 transport belts, down from 5.
• Added support for modules to labs.
• New graphics.
• Labs are dedicated to backers (displayed in entity info).
• Contents of the Lab is now shown in the entity info.
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Connecticut News | UConn Health criticized for lapse in animal…

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Connecticut news | woman arrested for allegedly throwing ‘powdery substance’ on ct mall employee, connecticut news, connecticut news | uconn health criticized for lapse in animal research protocol.

A spokeswoman for UConn Health did not name the animals involved or what the research process was, but according to a copy of a United States Department of Agriculture report provided by SAEN, a watchdog nonprofit that investigates alleged animal abuse and activities at U.S. research facilities, the animals were rabbits.

The animals were allegedly injected with an unspecified “study compound” as part of the research.

The report notes that, according to the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee acclimation policy researchers follow for IACUC approved protocols, the acclimation period for non-rodents in research is a minimum of seven days.

However, UConn facility records for the six rabbits delivered on Nov. 16, 2023 allegedly showed that six rabbits underwent a procedure requiring anesthesia the next day and one rabbit delivered in December 2023 underwent a procedure requiring anesthesia five days later.

“Shortening of the acclimation period is a significant change regarding the use of animals in an ongoing activity that was not reviewed or approved by the IACUC committee,” the report says.

Further, the report states, while protocol states that two injections of the study compound will be administered to the rabbits, one on study “day 0” and the second on study “day 3,” a review of the medical record of a specific rabbit allegedly showed that the second injection was administered six days after the first. “Doubling the time interval between study compound injections is a significant change regarding the use of animals in an ongoing activity that was not reviewed or approved by the IACUC committee,” the report says.

“During a routine inspection, non-compliance in an approved research protocol was identified at UConn Health,” the UConn Health spokeswoman said in an emailed statement. “As a result, UConn’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC), which oversees the welfare of animals, proactively reported a protocol lapse to federal regulators. The IACUC required a series of corrective actions that were implemented, and the research was permitted to proceed. The federal agency acknowledged UConn’s corrective measures, and no further action was required.”

No federal laws were broken.

“UConn has strong research integrity infrastructures in place . In fact, UConn has been recognized by its national accrediting agency for its program’s excellence and high standards ensuring the welfare of animals under its care and the integrity of the research process,” the spokeswoman said.

The USDA report also says that, under protocol, rabbits “undergoing a major operative procedure will receive antibiotics for three days post-operatively. There was no documentation noted in the review of the medical records of five animals that underwent surgery that antibiotics were administered as described in the approved protocol.”

Further, it states, protocol requires that “acepromazine (a sedative) will be administered prior to procedures either as the sole agent or in addition to an inhalant agent, and the protocol includes an approved range for the dose. The dose of acepromazine administered to the rabbits was not documented in the medical records and it could not be determined if the dose of the medication was as described in the approved protocol.”

The report also notes the volume of blood taken from the rabbits was allegedly “not documented in the medical records for the majority of the blood draws and it could not be determined if the volume of blood taken was as described in the approved protocol.”

Michael Budkie, speaking for SAEN, said the organization “is opposed to all use of animals in experimentation on both ethical and scientific grounds.”

Budkie said SAEN filed a complaint with the interim CEO of UCONN Health about its concerns about the report.

“SAEN has filed an administrative complaint with Bruce T. Liang Interim CEO, University of Connecticut Health, insisting on the termination of the research project and the UCONN Health employment of the responsible researcher,” according to Budkie, who provided a copy of the complaint.

Budkie said, “This must not be allowed to continue,” and in his opinion, this researcher should be let go from employment at UCONN Health, and “this project must be halted.”

He termed such research “a meaningless effort to perform counterfeit science.”

“It is up to you to remedy this heinous situation which needlessly abused animals (i.e. denying them adequate veterinary care), ignored scientific principles and wasted federal funding,” Budkie wrote to Liang. “To prevent further abuses, you must halt this project immediately, and terminate the employment of the offending researcher.

“These noncompliances render the pain and suffering of these animals meaningless, which is somehow even more cruel,” Budkie wrote.

The letter by UConn to the federal Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare notes that a rabbit with an injury of unknown origin was reported to the IACUC in January, and the USDA arrived later that month for a routine annual inspection and is when “multiple issues” in protocol were found.

In a separate and unrelated matter, UConn proactively reported to federal regulators that it had discovered, investigated and addressed issues involving non-compliance in a research protocol involving rabbits at UConn Storrs.

“The report reflected one rare but unfortunate instance, and one in which the University swiftly conducted a full review, took corrective action, and reported its findings to the appropriate organizations in a timely, candid manner.”

A spokesperson for the university said no federal laws were broken, “however, UConn’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) imposed a series of corrective actions, including suspending all activities with live rabbits that were formerly approved under the protocol. The federal agency acknowledged UConn’s corrective actions and required no additional actions.”

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