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The Impact of Violence on Television on Children: A Review of Literature
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Douglas H Clements
An older article, but someone requested it. Please see other more recent reviews such as those *below* this reference. Clements, D. H. (1985). Technological advances and the young child: Television and computers. In C. S. Mcloughlin & D. F. Gullo (Eds.), Young children in context: Impact of self, family and society on development (pp. 218-253). Springfield, IL: Charles Thomas. More recent: Sarama, J., & Clements, D. H. (in press). Promoting a good start: Technology in early childhood mathematics. In E. Arias, J. Cristia & S. Cueto (Eds.), Promising models to improve primary mathematics learning in Latin America and the Caribbean using technology. Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank. Foster, M. E., Anthony, J. L., Clements, D. H., & Sarama, J. (in press). Improving mathematics learning of kindergarten students through computer assisted instruction. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education. Clements, D. H., & Sarama, J. (2010). Technology. In V. Washington & J. Andrews (Eds.), Children of 2020: Creating a better tomorrow (pp. 119-123). Washington, DC: Council for Professional Recognition/National Association for the Education of Young Children. Sarama, J., & Clements, D. H. (2009). "Concrete" computer manipulatives in mathematics education. Child Development Perspectives, 3(3), 145–150. Clements, D. H., & Sarama, J. (2008). Mathematics and technology: Supporting learning for students and teachers. In O. N. Saracho & B. Spodek (Eds.), Contemporary perspectives on science and technology in early childhood education (pp. 127-147). Charlotte, NC: Information Age. Clements, D. H., & Sarama, J. (2003). Strip mining for gold: Research and policy in educational technology—A response to “Fool’s Gold”. Educational Technology Review, 11(1), 7-69.
Ranjith Jjj
Renefrid Tejero
Sinasi Ozturk
A Ab bs st tr ra ac ct t This study aims to discuss theories on the violent effects of TV shows on viewers, especially on children. Therefore, this study includes a brief discussion of definitions of violence, discussion of violence theories, main results of researches on televised violence, measuring TV violence, perception of televised violence, individual differences and reactions to TV violence, aggressiveness and preferences for TV violence.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Karen Hennigan
Abstract 1. Examined the causal impact of the introduction of TV on FBI indicators of violent crime, burglary, auto theft, and larceny, using an interrupted time-series design with switching replications. No consistent effect of TV's introduction was observed for violent ...
Professor Nnamdi T . Ekeanyanwu
Mediated violence especially as it affects children or the youths, has continued to benefit from scholarly attention in the area of research and theoretical explication. However, some of the research outcomes and theories show flawed arguments under serious theoretical interrogation. This paper uses a reflective analysis to interrogate further some of these theories and argues that they require a reassessment based on current thinking that the mass media alone could not cause violent effects to happen on children and the youths. In order words, media effects are not always direct, potent, and particular in causing significant effects on an individual or the entire society. There are always combination of factors that cause changes in audience behaviours and perception arising from the exposure to media stimuli, in this case, media violence. Theoretical models like Individual Differences perspective, Uses and Gratification theory, theory of Triadic Influence, and the other selective processes further support this thesis. The paper recommends that current studies on mediated violence and the use of theoretical frameworks must reflect the realistic position/actual conclusions rather than idealistic or impracticable ideas that are best sophistry. Keywords: Mediated violence, Children, Youths, Theoretical framework, Media effects
Journal of Social Issues
Bradford W Hesse
Daniel Linz , Craig Anderson , Neil Malamuth
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Title: capabilities of gemini models in medicine.
Abstract: Excellence in a wide variety of medical applications poses considerable challenges for AI, requiring advanced reasoning, access to up-to-date medical knowledge and understanding of complex multimodal data. Gemini models, with strong general capabilities in multimodal and long-context reasoning, offer exciting possibilities in medicine. Building on these core strengths of Gemini, we introduce Med-Gemini, a family of highly capable multimodal models that are specialized in medicine with the ability to seamlessly use web search, and that can be efficiently tailored to novel modalities using custom encoders. We evaluate Med-Gemini on 14 medical benchmarks, establishing new state-of-the-art (SoTA) performance on 10 of them, and surpass the GPT-4 model family on every benchmark where a direct comparison is viable, often by a wide margin. On the popular MedQA (USMLE) benchmark, our best-performing Med-Gemini model achieves SoTA performance of 91.1% accuracy, using a novel uncertainty-guided search strategy. On 7 multimodal benchmarks including NEJM Image Challenges and MMMU (health & medicine), Med-Gemini improves over GPT-4V by an average relative margin of 44.5%. We demonstrate the effectiveness of Med-Gemini's long-context capabilities through SoTA performance on a needle-in-a-haystack retrieval task from long de-identified health records and medical video question answering, surpassing prior bespoke methods using only in-context learning. Finally, Med-Gemini's performance suggests real-world utility by surpassing human experts on tasks such as medical text summarization, alongside demonstrations of promising potential for multimodal medical dialogue, medical research and education. Taken together, our results offer compelling evidence for Med-Gemini's potential, although further rigorous evaluation will be crucial before real-world deployment in this safety-critical domain.
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PDF | On Jan 1, 2015, Laurens de Rooij and others published Television | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate
In this paper, I investigate the determinants of the supply of news on television. This is novel, since most research focuses on the effects of media bias, particularly on voting, whereas my thesis measures. the supply of TV news beyond just biased coverage. Many researchers have attempted to quantify media slant.
Critical Studies in Television publishes articles that draw together divergent disciplines and different ways of thinking, to promote and advance television as a distinct academic discipline.It welcomes contributions on any aspect of television—production studies and institutional histories, audience and reception studies, theoretical approaches, conceptual paradigms and pedagogical questions...
Objective 1. The first objective was to determine "prime time" television and when college students are actually watching television. When comparing the two it was found the majority of the students consider prime-time to be 7:00pm to 10:00pm. However, 91.6% reported watching television from 6:00pm to 11:59pm.
This article examines the evolution of the attitudes of Spanish viewers to television from 2008 to 2016. This has been a period of time characterised by a substantial increase in the number of television channels. More specifically, the analysis is focused on audience satisfaction, perceptions of content quality and moral and pragmatic concerns ...
2. Engagement over television content is often an intimate exchange between friends. Less often, it is a public act. Recent media research that reveals the degree to which interacting with media is most often a highly personalized, friendship-driven, and relatively private activity.
In focusing on the appisation of television, this article aims to contribute to a growing body of academic research concerned with the impact of the internet on the distribution of television (e.g. see Johnson, 2019; Lotz, 2014, 2017).At the heart of this transformation is the changing hardware and software through which television content and services are delivered to, and accessed by, viewers.
VPs or TV and the behaviors associated with interaction with content. Content behaviors include time spent on use of TV or VPs, viewing behavior, content sharing, and content creation. Use of Digital Media in Egypt With Specific Reference to Teenagers Egypt has a population of 101.4 million, where 49% are females and 51% are males.
In sum, research suggests that television can have an important impact on people's attitudes, beliefs, and values. However, exactly how television exerts this influence is not well understood yet. Television is rich in both factual and fictional information. While there is little question that television, a medium designed to convey information,
Research on Television Series: A Bibliometric Analysis. Francisco Segado-Boj a Complutense ... have become increasingly blurred. This paper undertook a bibliometric investigation to understand how this line of research has come about, what its characteristics are, the main streams within it, and the extent to which the rise in publications ...
This chapter summarizes a body of literature about instructional technology that is unique not only in its depth but also in its breadth and importance. A recent search of articles about television yielded 20,747 citations in the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) database while a similar search in the PsycINFO database produced 6,662 citations. It is fitting, therefore, that ...
In Table 1, we document that total yearly TV advertising spending for the median brand is 10.5 million dollars, with a 90% range of 2.2 to 61.3 million dollars. A similar degree of cross-brand heterogeneity is evident in the advertising/sales ratios, with a median of 2.8 and a 90% range from 0.5 to 17.8.
A Ab bs st tr ra ac ct t This study aims to discuss theories on the violent effects of TV shows on viewers, especially on children. Therefore, this study includes a brief discussion of definitions of violence, discussion of violence theories, main results of researches on televised violence, measuring TV violence, perception of televised violence, individual differences and reactions to TV ...
Childhood hours spent on T.V. are directly correlated with earlier sexual activity, aggressive behavior, smoking, obesity, and poor academic performance. Television watching is known to interfere with the brain development of an infant. This research paper studies the negative impact of Television on students' academic performance.
Smart TV has changed the legacy TV system by providing capabilities of processing and internet connectivity. The amalgamation of TV with processing and internet connectivity has not only attracted the viewers but opened new avenues for researchers as well. In contrast to legacy TV system, smart TV provides better environment for watching TV contents along with online clips, movies, games ...
II. Content and countermeasures of TV media marketing. Will pass to the era of big data technology characteristics and bring great changes to society, analysis of the impact of television media necessity and significance of marketing strategy innovation, and through the TV media in the new period the relevant support policy, the construction of ...
watching TV series Ulker Mehmet Yunus Emre Institute Prishtina, Kosovo, Turkey. Received 25 September, 2019; Accepted 4 November, 2019 In this study, the process of learning Turkish as a foreign language by watching TV series was analysed. It is a qualitative based study with document analysis, case study and mixed research design.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY Don Fullerton Working Paper 32419 ... necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been ... have-strongly-recovered-final.pdf . Stahel, Walter R. 2016. The circular economy. Nature.
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View PDF Abstract: The rapid progress of research aimed at interpreting the inner workings of advanced language models has highlighted a need for contextualizing the insights gained from years of work in this area. This primer provides a concise technical introduction to the current techniques used to interpret the inner workings of Transformer-based language models, focusing on the generative ...
View a PDF of the paper titled KAN: Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks, by Ziming Liu and 6 other authors. View PDF Abstract: Inspired by the Kolmogorov-Arnold representation theorem, we propose Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) as promising alternatives to Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs). While MLPs have fixed activation functions on nodes ("neurons ...
Excellence in a wide variety of medical applications poses considerable challenges for AI, requiring advanced reasoning, access to up-to-date medical knowledge and understanding of complex multimodal data. Gemini models, with strong general capabilities in multimodal and long-context reasoning, offer exciting possibilities in medicine. Building on these core strengths of Gemini, we introduce ...