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Mandatory ROTC? Think hard first

The House of Representatives is poised to pass a bill reviving the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) after the May elections. The Senate is still deliberating on its version of the measure at committee level.

This bill could give new meaning to the May 2019 elections for the youth. It is a bill that directly impinges on the interest of the youth, especially those aged 16 and 17 who have yet to take Grades 11 and 12.

If the Duterte-endorsed senatorial candidates win in the elections, this bill will certainly pass. If the opposition senatorial candidates win, the proposed revival of ROTC will fail. The reason is simple — it is Mr. Duterte who has urged Congress to pass the measure, threatening to issue an executive order to the same effect if they fail to do so.

If the bill passes this year, and it takes another year to formulate the new ROTC Program of Instruction and set up the training system (facilities, instructors, resource materials), the first batch of Grade 11 students who will take the course will be those in September 2020 or September 2022.

How can the proposed mandatory ROTC be hardwired to deliver on its purpose to “instill patriotism, love of country, moral and spiritual values, and respect for human rights and adherence to the Constitution,” and avoid past evils, such as corruption and murder (Cadet Officer Mark Chua case, 2001)? Passing another law is not enough. Learning from the lessons from ROTC and similar civic training and development programs is the best way. Consider these lessons:

Lesson 1. Generate acceptance, ownership and support by key stakeholders.

In a democracy, it makes sense to consult the people who will be most directly and heavily affected by a new proposal. Hold consultations with the youth, the military and the civic orientation and engagement institutions. Consult the relevant literature, experience of other countries and experts.

Lesson 2. Resuscitate corroded civic institutions and strengthen recently created ones.

People have forgotten about these powerful civic orientation and engagement institutions that have been hijacked, neglected and weaponized for private purposes, among them the Boy Scouts of the Philippines, the Girl Scouts of the Philippines, the Sangguniang Kabataan, the Red Cross. We must strengthen and nurture these institutions that provide the resources, opportunities and capabilities for the youth to engage in community problem-solving, not only family or personal problem-solving.

Review the performance of similar institutions that have yet to mature in the performance of their functions due to lack of support for institutional development — the National Service Training Program, the National Service Reserve Corps, the Philippine National Volunteer Service Coordinating Agency. Review these institutions together as a system. If necessary, scrap and build structures, but do not layer redundant systems one on top of the other.

Lesson 3. Look forward, not just back. Conjure the envisioned outcome and impact of the proposed ROTC law, 10 years or 20 years down the road. What is the best scenario? What is the worst scenario? What is the preferred scenario? How do these compare with a “do nothing” (no mandatory ROTC) scenario?

Let us have more informed discussion and debates about the kind of citizen civic-military orientation and engagement the country requires. To insist on imposing half-baked mandatory ROTC proposals is to play god with the time, energy, trust, resources and lives of our youth, with no cogent arguments to convince them of the wisdom of our decisions. Contrary to the intention of the proposed law, poorly designed mandatory ROTC will tend to turn the youth against the government, and kill in them whatever urge for selfless service to community and country they may be capable of.

It is a pity that the youth affected by the mandatory ROTC are too young to vote on the issue in the May 2019 elections.

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mandatory rotc essay brainly

What is ROTC?

If there are three words which can fully encompass the definition of Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC), it will be: defense, preparation, and nation. 

ROTC is primarily defined as a military-allied program that is propounded in various universities and colleges, whether international or local. According to Moody (2020), it equips students with military trainings as they earn their respective degrees. To be more specific, this program is inclined to prepare them to serve the country.

In the local setup, ROTC is legally articulated in Sections 38-39 of the Republic Act No. 7077, which is also known as the Citizen Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist Act of 1991. It is also said to be in accordance with the 1987 Constitution and the National Defense Act. 

The five basic learnings and competencies in ROTC are lead, shoot, move, navigate, and communicate, in line with the Department of Military Science and Tactics of University of the Philippines Diliman (2020).

Considering its goal to strengthen the national defense of the Philippines, it is indeed perfect in picture. The former mismanagement and the currently planned mandate of the said program, however, are something to be alarmed of.

We need more military power, pro-ROTC Filipinos say

The decades-long civil war between the Philippine military troops and terrorists in the Southern part of the archipelago urges many to support the mandatory ROTC to senior high school and college students. 

A 2019 Pulse Asia survey on Filipinos showed that 1,440 out of 1,800 are in favor of the implementation of ROTC. Meanwhile, 207 respondents disagreed with the proposal.

Geopolitical tension between Philippines and China, as well, instills fear of war rooting the highly-contested West Philippine Sea. The World Bank Data records Beijing’s value of active military personnels at 2,695,000 in 2018, as Manila fell short with 153,350.

Secretary Delfin Lorenzana of the Department of National Defense (DND) expressed support to the Mandatory ROTC following vice presidential aspirant Sara Duterte’s calls for obligatory military service of Filipinos 18 and above.

"We in the DND support the mandatory military service of 18-year-old Filipinos. There are several advantages: First, the military will have a ready and steady trained pool of reservists to defend the country and do HADR (humanitarian assistance and disaster relief) work; second, the training and discipline that they will acquire will make them better citizens; third, service to the country will be inculcated in them," says Lorenzana.

Issues surrounding the mandatory program

The supposed mandatory program was made compulsory after a student of University of Santo Tomas (UST) Mark Chua was kidnapped and killed for exposing corruption behind the ROTC.

Chua with his fellow cadet, Romulo Yumul, disclosed ROTC anomalies on The Varsitarian titled “Struggle Against the System” in its Feb. 21, 2001 issue.

Chua and Yumul formally filed a complaint against corruption surrounding the UST-ROTC, a ground for the relief of Maj. Demy Tejares.

Mark Chua was found lifeless in Pasig River on March 18, 2001 after the story was published. In 2004, ROTC cadet Arnufo Aparri Jr. was found guilty of killing Chua.

Ever since, college students were free to choose between ROTC, Literary Training, and Civil Welfare Training System through the Republic Act 9163, or the National Service Training Program Act of 2001.

Opposition solons resist proposals of reviving the mandatory ROTC as it will “violate their constitutional right,” add expenses to parents and students by buying costly uniforms, and “only teaches obedience to abusive ROTC officials.”

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Hontiveros questions poll on mandatory ROTC: Does it capture the sentiment of youth?

Hontiveros questions poll on mandatory ROTC: Does it capture the sentiment of youth?

Senator Risa Hontiveros (Bibo Nueva España/Senate PRIB)

MANILA, Philippines — A Pulse Asia survey, which showed that nearly 8 in 10 Filipinos back the revival of the mandatory Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) program, prompted Sen. Risa Hontiveros to ask: Did it capture the sentiment of the youth?

The poll, commissioned by Sen. Sherwin Gatchalian, asked 1,200 Filipino adults – not necessarily students – the level of their agreement or disagreement to the proposal seeking to reimpose obligatory ROTC in college.

READ: Survey found more Filipinos in favor of mandatory ROTC, says Gatchalian

“Naka-capture ba ng survey ang sentiment ng kabataan mismo na ipapa-mandatory ROTC o ito ay iyong general population lamang?” Hontiveros asked in a statement on Wednesday.

(Does the survey capture the sentiment of the youth who will be subjected to mandatory ROTC or is it only from the general population?)

According to the office of Gatchalian, the Pulse Asia poll used a multi-stage probability sample of 1,200 adult respondents, with 300 each randomly drawn from Metro Manila, Balance Luzon (or areas in Luzon outside Metro Manila), Visayas, and Mindanao.

ROTC okay if not mandatory

Hontiveros clarified that she was not completely opposed to having ROTC, noting that it remains an option under the National Service Training Program (NSTP).

She, however, pointed out that making the program mandatory “limits the choices of our students to express their love of country.”

“Sa panahon ngayon, higit na kailangan ang mas malawak na programa para sa paglilingkod sa bayan hindi lamang [sa] usaping military, law enforcement, at disaster response,” Hontiveros said.

(In these times, there is a greater need for an expanded program to serve the country not just through military, law enforcement, and disaster response.)

This is aligned with the call of several youth groups seeking to expand the NSTP instead of reinstating compulsory ROTC.

Instead of prioritizing mandatory ROTC, Hontiveros underscored the need to bump up in the agenda of the government solutions to the economic and education crisis plaguing the country.

The bid to restore mandatory ROTC has been elevated to the Senate plenary, which opens the period of deliberations on the proposed measure.

READ: Dela Rosa takes mandatory ROTC bill to Senate floor: We’ve learned from past mistakes

But Hontiveros vowed to thoroughly scrutinize the proposed measure.

“Gaya ng ibang mahahalagang batas, patuloy nating bubusisiin ang panukalang pagbabalik ng ROTC, paglalatag ng mga isyu kaugnay sa implementasyon nito at pagsisigurado na may sapat na safeguards at protection ang mga kabataang dadaan sa programa,” she said.

(Like other important laws, we will continue to study the proposal to revive mandatory ROTC, lay down issues related to its implementation, and ensure that there are enough safeguards and protection for students who will undergo the program.)

READ: Senators split on calls to scrap mandatory ROTC bid after hazing death

The return of obligatory ROTC is backed by the two highest officials of the country – Vice President and concurrent Education Secretary Sara Duterte and President Ferdinand Marcos Jr.

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During his first State of the Nation Address in July last year, Marcos urged Congress to reinstate the mandatory program for senior high school students .

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Army ROTC Essay Examples with Commentary

Army ROTC Essay Examples with Explanation Blog Post Title

LTC Robert Kirkland

8 minute read

The following are winning four-year scholarship essays from Army ROTC applicants we have worked with in the past at ROTC Consulting. We will provide commentary at the end of each essay as to why each answer is effective. You can find our previous post about building a successful essay here.

Army ROTC Essay #1

Consider carefully, and then state below in the space provided why you wish to enroll in the Army ROTC Program. Indicate in your statement how you believe your own objectives in life are related to the education and training offered by Army ROTC and what a career obligation means to you.

  • Winning Answer:

I believe that American values and our way of life are worth fighting for. One of the finest ways one can demonstrate this commitment is by becoming an officer in the United States Army. This commitment is not something to be taken lightly and I needed to explore what the duties and responsibilities of both a cadet and a lieutenant were. I had a plan.

I visited the Somerset Army National Guard unit near my home in New Jersey. There, I was introduced to a group of officers, non-commissioned officers, and cadets. I learned from my visit that officers lead by example and need to take care of their soldiers. Non-commissioned officers are the “backbone” of the Army and it is important that new lieutenants learn from their sergeants. Since I am interested in the National Guard after I commission, they told me about the civilian jobs that I could pursue in the State Police or the FBI while I was in the National Guard. It was really inspirational to see how National Guard officers and enlisted both serve their community and the Nation.

On my visit to Army ROTC at Drexel University, I spoke to the PMS and what struck me was the importance for future leaders to become proficient in basic soldier skills and troop leading procedures. The ROOs at TCU and Wake Forest reinforced this message. I know that by mastering these tasks, I will be a successful lieutenant and the best leader I can be no matter what path I choose in life.

Once I become a lieutenant, I hope to deploy overseas. An important aspect is to understand the local culture in the execution of my duties as an officer. I hope that my intended major of international business helps me gain a deeper understanding of the people I will be interacting with overseas.

Overall, through my experience in visiting both a National Guard and several ROTC programs as well as from my current activities, I understand what it takes to be an Army officer and I am prepared for this challenge.

  • Commentary on what makes this essay successful:

Notice that this essay is not a rundown of what the candidate did in high school or a listing of achievements. This prompt is most effectively answered by showing things that you did to learn more about being both a cadet and an officer in the United States Army.

This can be demonstrated by letting Army ROTC know what research you did on the internet, who you talked to (both cadets and officers) and especially what things you did to visit ROTC programs and actual Army units (such as Army National Guard or Army Reserve Units) to talk with both officers and noncommissioned officers to learn the duties and responsibilities of a lieutenant.

In addition, did you take the time to visit an Army ROTC program? If so, what did you learn? Are you ready for the challenges of Army ROTC? Tell the board members that you took the time to visit and learn more about Army ROTC and are excited about being a cadet.

Examples of Real Essays That Won the ROTC Scholarship!

mandatory rotc essay brainly

Army ROTC Essay #2

State below in the space provided how you spend your time in a typical week during the school year. For example, how many extra hours do you spend: at school, during homework, engaged in athletic activities, engaged in extracurricular activities (i.e. clubs), engaged in volunteer work, or other (explain).

I am a very busy and focus driven individual. From the classroom to the athletic field I am constantly working to hone my skills.

Every day I am up early, whether I have a specific task or just looking to get a head start on the day. I arrive at school an hour early to get academic help, complete assignments, or just relax and get my mind right for the day. This is an important part of my routine.

During a normal day of school, I take countless notes, tests and quizzes as well as attend weekly club meetings. It is almost guaranteed that I will have at least two club meetings per week during break. Some days my lunchtime or study hall time is spent in a teacher’s classroom solidifying my understanding of the subject matter. After the academic day, my real day begins. I have 50 minutes in between my last class and athletic practice to do homework and see teachers. I utilize this time every day even if I don’t have questions in order to gain more insight from there instruction.

As the captain of the varsity cross country team and tennis team, I am tasked with always showing a positive attitude and setting the standard in regard to work ethic. I am responsible for keeping the team focused and working hard. Practice typically lasts for an hour and half depending on the intensity. After cross country, I head straight to tennis practice on Wednesdays and Thursdays. Although tennis practice is only three days a week, it is a year-round commitment for me. I am often on the courts on Tuesdays and Fridays as well when my schoolwork is manageable. My school days last until 7 pm, and then I get to go home.

When I get home and have showered and eaten dinner, I begin my homework and academic preparation for the next day. I often work on papers or projects at this time, and I always manage to spend time with my family. After I have completed everything I need for the next day, I get a good night’s rest and prepare to do it again.

This essay is fairly standard, and it is important to let Army ROTC know that you are a dynamic individual who is busy doing a variety of activities that involve the range of scholar, athlete, leader activities. The more specific you can be about each of these areas, the stronger the essay.

Specifically avoid non-kinetic activities such as playing video games, TV watching, bystanding, or other events where you are not an active participant. Again, emphasize active scholar-athlete-leader events.

Army ROTC Essay #3

Please expand on any additional information outlining scholastic, athletic, and leadership achievements not otherwise annotated in the previous sections. Although you are not required to do so, you are highly encouraged to do so if applicable.

Ronald Reagan Presidential Leadership Institute : I recently had the honor of being selected to attend his Institute. I learned that leadership can mean more than being a role model, it can also mean being an instrument of change. Attending the Institute gave me the chance to meet a leader of a non-profit focusing on preventing drug overdoses. I saw how one person could make a difference and started a chapter on my own high school campus. A lot of students start their encounters with drugs through medications they find at home. I am working with the Behavioral Health Department to obtain kits that neutralize medications. Maybe we can prevent a future tragedy.

Eagle Scout : I was a leader in several capacities. The most challenging was being a leader for a group of new scouts on a camping trip to Death Valley. It was pretty frustrating at first to get everyone to fulfill their jobs, but eventually I helped them understand that we had to work together to make things run smoothly. My Eagle Scout project gave me the chance to oversee a project from start to finish. I built a much-needed library in my temple and it was extremely fulfilling.

Captain of Varsity Lacrosse and Basketball Team : I have also served as a leader for my sports teams. I am proud to be a captain and I take my responsibility seriously. I know my actions have an impact on the other players and am more aware of the need to be a good role model. The most challenging part of being a student athlete is managing my time so I can give school and my sports teams my best effort. I have been named a Scholar Athlete several times which demonstrates that I can manage my time effectively.

This is where you provide Army ROTC your “signature” accomplishments. The top three to four things you are most proud of. List each and then explain in a paragraph why this accomplishment is significant. In this way, you highlight to the selection committee clearly what you are most proud of and what they need to pay attention to. This is where you get to “brag” about yourself.

Final Thoughts on Army ROTC essays:

Essay #1 and Essay #3 are where you make your “money” sat the Army ROTC Scholarship Board. Essay #1 needs to show what effort you put in to learn more about Army ROTC and the duties and responsibilities of an Army lieutenant. Essay #3 is your signature accomplishments to demonstrate why you should be selected for a scholarship over someone else. Make sure you highlight only the most important things you have done.

If you do the above things, you are that much closer to winning an Army ROTC Scholarship!

ROTC Scholarship Consulting provides assistance with your essays as well as other areas of the scholarship application. ROTC Scholarship Consulting has an unparalleled record in helping candidates win ROTC Scholarships. Please take a look at our services for more information .

Want to maximize your potential of earning an Army ROTC Scholarship?

Article contents, examples of real essays that won the rotc scholarship, related posts.

A comprehensive guide to the Air Force ROTC scholarship interview

mandatory rotc essay brainly

Lieutenant Colonel Robert Kirkland (USA, Ret.) is an expert on military admissions and leadership. He served for over 25 years in the United States Army, including stints as an instructor at West Point and as a commander of two Army ROTC programs. He has helped students win ROTC scholarships for 8 years.

Want to earn maximum points on your Army ROTC scholarship essays?

Navy ROTC Sample Letters of Recommendation and Evaluation: Math and Physics Teachers

Navy ROTC Sample Letters of Recommendation and Evaluation: Math and Physics Teachers

Navy ROTC Essay Examples with Commentary

Navy ROTC Essay Examples with Commentary

Three Vital Steps to Outstanding ROTC Application Essays

Three Vital Steps to Outstanding ROTC Application Essays

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Mandatory ROTC bill: What we know so far

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This is AI generated summarization, which may have errors. For context, always refer to the full article.

Mandatory ROTC bill: What we know so far

Students of a school in Manila starts training for the Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) amid proposasl to make ROTC mandatory in senior high schools, on January 28, 2023.

MANILA, Philippines – Despite opposition from students and various groups, the bill seeking to make the Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) mandatory in college is among the priority measures expected to be passed by Congress on  June 2.

It is part of the legislative agenda laid out by President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. in his first State of the Nation Address (SONA). Vice President Sara Duterte, concurrently the education secretary, is also pushing for this, although colleges and universities are not under her department.

Senator Ronald dela Rosa, a close associate of the Vice President, is a staunch advocate of mandatory ROTC, pushing for the consolidated bill that would create the program. He has said that instead of students spending so much time on TikTok, it would be better to put them through military training.

“ Alam natin may looming threat tayo dito sa South China Sea, ‘yung pag-occupy ng China diyan sa ating mga teritoryo diyan sa South China Sea. Kailangan ready tayo, dahan-dahan na silang umaabante dito,” Dela Rosa said in a recent Senate hearing.

(We know that there’s the looming threat of China occupying our territories in the South China Sea. We need to be ready, they’re slowly advancing towards us.)

The push for mandatory ROTC isn’t new. Former president Rodrigo Duterte, father of the education secretary, also made a bid to make ROTC mandatory for all college students early in his presidency, but this plan fizzled out.

The murder of Mark Welson Chua, a student from the University of Santo Tomas, led to the abolition of the mandatory ROTC program in 2002. It became optional through  Republic Act No. 9163 or the National Service Training Program Act of 2001.

Chua exposed the corruption in their ROTC unit back then in a write up published on their campus publication, The Varsitarian .

Through a mother’s lens: My son Mark exposed ROTC corruption and lost his life

Through a mother’s lens: My son Mark exposed ROTC corruption and lost his life

Who are the proponents?

In December 2022, the House of Representatives passed a bill seeking to compel college students to undergo a two-year mandatory  National Citizens Service Training (NCST) , instead of ROTC. It consolidated 28 bills from various authors.

The NCST’s curriculum will be focused on disaster response and management, survival and safety techniques, and civic duty inculcation. Its graduates will be incorporated into the AFP Reserve Force. The House version also seeks to institutionalize the four-year optional ROTC program, with a curriculum to be designed by the Department of National Defense (DND) and the Commission on Higher Education (CHED).

The consolidated version discussed in the Senate is different. The senators have filed six bills proposing to make ROTC mandatory for all college students . Vice President Duterte earlier said that it was better for the ROTC program to be implemented in the tertiary level instead of senior high school.

How much will the government spend?

At a Senate hearing on February 8, the DND presented to the lawmakers the estimated budget for the implementation of the mandatory ROTC. The Armed Forces of the Philippines, which is under the defense department, will be the lead implementer of the program, with support from the CHED and other concerned agencies.

The total projected budget of P61.2 billion for the implementation of mandatory ROTC can already build 24,480 classrooms.

  • Phase 1 (2023) – P5,240,000
  • Phase 2 (2024, Q1 to Q3) – P5,542,498,579.20
  • Phase 3 (2024, Q4; 2025, Q1 to Q3) – P14,861,591,011.20
  • Phase 4 (2025) – P20,384,338,579.20
  • Phase 5 (2026) – P20,384,338,579.20

If mandatory ROTC could cost PH gov’t P61.2 billion, is it worth it?

If mandatory ROTC could cost PH gov’t P61.2 billion, is it worth it?

Critics have been saying that the Philippines is not in a state of war, and a mandatory ROTC training is not needed.

Meanwhile, youth groups said that what the government should do is to strengthen its National Service Training Program so students would have options choosing which program they are best fit for:

  • Civic Welfare Training Service
  • Literacy Training Service.

– Rappler.com

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Home / Essay Samples / Government / Jrotc / Why ROTC Should Not Be Mandatory in Senior High School

Why ROTC Should Not Be Mandatory in Senior High School

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