review essay about homestay

Essay on Homestay

Students are often asked to write an essay on Homestay in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

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100 Words Essay on Homestay

Introduction to homestay.

A homestay is a type of lodging where travelers stay in the home of a local resident. It offers a unique chance to experience local culture, traditions, and lifestyle firsthand.

Homestay Benefits

Homestays are beneficial as they provide an authentic cultural experience. You get to eat local food, learn the language, and understand local customs.

Challenges of Homestay

Despite the benefits, homestays can have challenges. Adjusting to a new environment, food, and language can be difficult.

Homestays offer a rich, immersive experience, making travel more meaningful and memorable. Despite challenges, it’s a rewarding experience.

250 Words Essay on Homestay

Homestays, an alternative to traditional accommodation options, offer a unique blend of cultural exchange and hospitality. This concept is fast gaining popularity among travelers who seek an immersive experience, as it allows them to live with a local family and understand their culture, traditions, and lifestyle.

The Appeal of Homestay

The allure of homestays lies in their authenticity. Unlike commercial hotels, homestays provide a genuine snapshot of the host community’s way of life. They offer a platform for cultural exchange, where travelers can learn local customs, savour home-cooked meals, and engage in community activities. This intimate interaction fosters a sense of belonging and offers a unique perspective that transcends the usual tourist experience.

Impact on Local Communities

Homestays also have a significant socio-economic impact on local communities. They provide an additional source of income for families, promote local businesses, and contribute to sustainable tourism. By encouraging responsible travel, homestays help preserve local culture and the environment, thereby promoting sustainable development.

Challenges and Future Prospects

Despite its advantages, the homestay sector faces challenges such as quality control, privacy issues, and cultural clashes. Addressing these issues requires a balanced approach that respects both the host’s and guest’s needs. With the rise of digital platforms and increasing awareness about responsible travel, the future of homestays looks promising, paving the way for a more inclusive and sustainable tourism industry.

In conclusion, homestays offer a unique travel experience that combines cultural immersion with social responsibility, making them an appealing choice for the discerning traveler.

500 Words Essay on Homestay

The concept of homestay.

Homestay is a unique concept in the tourism industry that has gained significant importance in recent years. It refers to a form of accommodation where travelers stay in the homes of locals, experiencing their culture, cuisine, and lifestyle firsthand. This form of tourism provides a rich, immersive experience that traditional hotels and resorts often lack. It’s an opportunity to see the world through a local’s eyes, making travel more personal and authentic.

Advantages of Homestays

The most significant advantage of homestays is the cultural immersion they provide. By living with locals, travelers get an in-depth understanding of the local culture, traditions, and way of life. They participate in everyday activities, witness local customs, and learn the language, making the experience more enriching.

Homestays also offer economic benefits, both for the traveler and the host. For the traveler, homestays are often cheaper than hotels, and the cost includes home-cooked meals. For the host, it’s a source of income that also promotes cultural exchange and global understanding.

Ecological Impact of Homestays

Homestays are often seen as a more sustainable form of tourism. They typically have a smaller carbon footprint than large hotels, as they utilize existing residential structures and resources. Moreover, the income generated from homestays often goes directly to the local community, contributing to local economic development.

Challenges and Considerations

Despite the many benefits, homestays also come with challenges. For travelers, there may be language barriers, cultural misunderstandings, or a lack of privacy. For hosts, they must be prepared to open their homes to strangers and handle potential conflicts or cultural differences.

When selecting a homestay, it’s essential to consider the host’s reviews and ratings, the location, and the cultural norms of the area. It’s also crucial to communicate clearly with the host about expectations and rules to ensure a positive experience.

Future of Homestays

The future of homestays looks promising. With the rise of digital platforms that connect hosts and travelers, it’s easier than ever to find and book a homestay. As more travelers seek authentic experiences and sustainable travel options, homestays are likely to continue growing in popularity.

However, as the sector grows, there will be a need for regulation to ensure the safety of both hosts and guests, and to preserve the authenticity of the homestay experience. This will require collaboration between governments, tourism organizations, and homestay platforms.

In conclusion, homestays offer a unique and enriching travel experience, providing cultural immersion, economic benefits, and a more sustainable form of tourism. Despite some challenges, with careful selection and clear communication, homestays can be a rewarding choice for both hosts and travelers. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, homestays offer a way to foster global understanding and cultural exchange, making them an integral part of the future of tourism.

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A Systematic Literature Review of Rural Homestays and Sustainability in Tourism

2021, SAGE Open

This systematic literature review is designed to evaluate the current state of knowledge in rural homestays and tourism academic literature. With reference to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flowchart, we reviewed 94 studies published in the selected journals from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2020. Our review explores how sustainable rural homestays have been previously researched in terms of the context, topic, sample, method, geographical location, and theoretical framework. The review provides insights on sustainability and rural homestay tourism from the perspective of co-occurrence beside highlighting the valuable content addressed by authors and suggesting future research directions. In a sustainable rural tourism context, only 51% of the reviewed studies had considered homestay as the core and independent area of inquiry. This review notes an increasing number of researchers from developing countries are working on community...

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Please note you do not have access to teaching notes, the emerging importance of “homestays” in the indian hospitality sector.

Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes

ISSN : 1755-4217

Article publication date: 12 August 2019

Issue publication date: 12 August 2019

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the potential of “homestays” and also observe the trends related to this emerging concept in India. This paper also discusses various challenges faced by the owners of homestays.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is based on an exploratory study that sought to collect factual data about the present scenario and the emerging trends related to homestays. A qualitative case study method was used to analyse the actual practices followed by stakeholders. This paper expresses the viewpoint of the authors on the augmented demand for homestay supported by secondary data published in several academic papers and reports published by various government departments. The author interviewed a number of homestay owners to obtain a first-hand perspective.

This paper brings to light the rising trend toward homestays, the benefits of homestay tourism from the perspective of homestay stakeholders (both tourists and owners) and the impact on economic, social and cultural life, as a result of growth in the homestay concept.

Originality/value

The current level of discussion about homestays is limited, as there are relatively few prior studies reported in the literature.

Hospitality

Kulshreshtha, S. and Kulshrestha, R. (2019), "The emerging importance of “homestays” in the Indian hospitality sector", Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes , Vol. 11 No. 4, pp. 458-466. https://doi.org/10.1108/WHATT-04-2019-0024

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Sentiment analysis on tourist satisfaction with rural homestay inns based on reviews from the website of online travel agency.

Yuan Zhai * | Peng Chen

OPEN ACCESS

This paper mainly explores the factors affecting the tourist satisfaction with rural homestay inns (RHIs), and offer suggestions to the RHI managers. Firstly, the Word2vec was adopted to extract the features from the online reviews on ctrip.com about the RHIs around Mount Mogan, and to reduce the dimensionality of the extracted features. Then, sentiment analysis was performed to extract the emotions of each class of features, and an econometric model was constructed to disclose the relationship between RHI feature evaluation and tourist satisfaction. The results show that: the tourist satisfaction with RHIs is positively affected by site, appearance, facility, public space, service, individuation, and marketing, especially by service, individuation, and facility; the more the features mentioned in the reviews, the lower the tourist satisfaction. To sum up, this paper clarifies the relationship between the features of RHI reviews and tourist satisfaction from the angle of review text, laying a theoretical basis for the research into the online reputation of RHIs.

rural homestay inns (RHIs), online reviews, sentiment analysis, satisfaction

The earlies online travel agency (OTA) is Expedia, which was founded in 1996. Since then, the concept of OTA has gradually taken shape. Over the years, the OTA has developed into a successful economic model, which provides tourists with cheaper solutions by integrating products and reducing costs [1]. However, there is not yet an official and unified definition of the OTA.

Kim and Lee [2] probed into the OTA earlier than most scholars, and defined the concept as a travel agency offers value-added services to potential consumers via network interfaces. Christodoulidou et al. [3] emphasized that the OTA is a travel agency that earns shares in the travel market by managing hotel room reservations. Phocuswright [4], a tourism research organization, clearly stated that the OTA is a marketing, search and booking tool, which integrates website, mobile devices, apps, and call centers into a platform for consumers to browse and purchase travel products and to share travel information.

To sum up, the OTA is generally recognized as an intermediary that relies on the Internet to provide online services like consultation, review, and reservation. The OTA has changed the purchase model of tourism. To meet the needs of tourists, traditional tourism agencies are competing to enhance the cooperation with the OTA.

In the age of Web 2.0, the boom of e-commerce has turned the user generated content (UGC) of OTA platform users into a major information source of consumers and service providers. The online reviews of the OTA enable potential consumers to make purchasing decisions, and help relevant managers improve the quality of their products or services. Many studies [5, 6] have shown that online reviews can affect the sales and the purchasing decisions of consumers.

The OTA website serves as an important distribution channel for rural homestay inns (RHIs) [7], which first emerged in France in the 19th century. Besides booking rooms, the RHI consumers often rate and comment on their experience on the OTA website right after leaving the RHI. The reviews determine the online reputation of the RHI, and affect the choices of other online consumers.

Facing the fierce market competition and shift in consumption pattern, the RHI industry should analyze the OTA reviews of consumers, and optimize their service quality, in a bid for sustainable development. However, most scholars have only focused on the numerical ratings of online reviews [8]. The numerical ratings alone cannot lead to thorough and accurate evaluation of the UGC, for products and services both have multi-dimensional attributes [9].

The online reviews contain much more reliable information than the star ratings on the OTA website. Besides, the quantitative scoring system of the website cannot reflect some characteristic dimensions that may interest potential users. Therefore, this paper carries out text mining on the online reviews of tourists, and identifies the dimensions of the UGC that truly interest consumers, revealing the true opinions of the RHIs.

The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: Section 2 reviews the relevant literature; Section 3 introduces the research method, including data sources, data preprocessing, Word2vec-based clustering of RHI evaluation dimensions, machine learning (ML)-based feature classification, positioning and extraction of emotional words, and value assignment to emotional words against the emotional word list; Section 4 carries out the descriptive statistical analysis on model variables and discusses the influence of RHI evaluation dimensions on tourist satisfaction; Section 5 puts forward the conclusions.

The RHIs have emerged and evolved along with the tourism mode based on rural tourism and agritainment. The first rural hotels appeared in the 19 th century, when French tourists slept over in farmer houses [7]. As China fully implements the strategy of rural revitalization, the RHIs have flourished across the country. According to the Basic Requirements and Evaluation for Homestay Inn (LB/T 065-2019) released by China National Tourism Administration in August 2017, homestay inns refer to the small lodging facilities that provide tourists with a unique experience of the local nature, culture, production method, and lifestyle; the facilities must fully utilize the local featured resources, and their owners must participate in the reception.

For RHIs, it is critical to have a good geographical location and favorable traffic conditions. In addition, a well-operated RHI should meet the following conditions: necessary supporting facilities (e.g. independent toilets) and suitable activity space for consumers; enough rooms to realize operations on the moderate scale; integration into the surrounding natural environment and preserve/highlight the features of traditional culture; mixing agricultural education into sightseeing and entertainment, and providing consumers with high-quality agricultural products; precise market positioning [10, 11]. Due to the limited number of rooms, homestays often do not spend much on marketing. The most common marketing channels for homestays include industry associations, manuals and guides, online publicity, and word-of-mouth publicity. The most important channel is the word-of-mouth publicity [12-14].

2.2 Tourist satisfaction

The concept of consumer satisfaction was created by Cardozo. The relevant research was officially started in the 1970s, the heyday of the concept of consumer first [15]. The early research believes that consumer satisfaction is directly affected by the gap between consumer expectation and perception.

Tourist satisfaction refers to the relative relationship between the early expectation and later perception of tourists for tourism products. This indicator directly bears on the attractiveness and repurchase rate of tourism products [16].

The subsequent research focuses on the impact of perceived quality and other factors on tourist satisfaction. It is generally held that the perceived quality is directly correlated with tourist satisfaction. Tourist satisfaction is more affected by the perceived quality than the gap between expectation and perception [17].

2.3 Impact of review contents on tourist satisfaction

Currently, many methods have been developed to evaluate the effects of lodging industry features on tourist satisfaction based on the review data generated by online users. The bases of these methods mainly include expert opinions, grammar, and model analysis.

The expert-based methods screen and evaluate the hotel features according to the opinions of experts in the hotel field. There are two primary defects with these methods: the expert opinions cannot fully reflect the real experience of consumers; the expert opinions are strongly subjective and biased [18].

The grammar-based methods assume that the importance of a feature is positively correlated with the number of adjective modifiers for the feature word. First, the number of adjective modifiers for each feature word is recognized by syntactic dependence. Then, the adjectives are clustered to obtain the importance of the corresponding feature [19, 20]. The dependence on the number of adjectives greatly limits the applicable scope of this method.

The model-based methods use ML models to learn the feature-target relationship. The learning on massive data prevents the interference of subjective factors, and promotes the universality of these methods [21-23]. For example, Archak et al. [22] relied on a model to explore the influence of emotional polarity on users’ willingness to purchase. However, their model-based method emphasizes emotional polarity over emotional intensity, failing to achieve satisfactory results.

In terms of research method, the previous research mostly resorts to questionnaires or interviews. The two methods are limited in data scale and content richness/objectivity. With the development of social networks, recent years has seen some studies on tourist satisfaction based on consumer reviews [24-26]. These studies managed to set up diverse and refined evaluation indices and a broad data basis, because online reviews are the conscious and spontaneous evaluation of service quality by consumers, and the most direct reflection of consumer experience. However, the outstanding problem is the lack of effective methods to mine the emotional information from the reviews.

To sum up, word-of-mouth is the most common marketing tool for homestays, exerting an obvious impact on tourist satisfaction of homestays [13, 14]. Being an important data source in the big data era, online reviews have been highly recognized for their value in commercial activities like word-of-mouth publicity. Online reviews are the most intuitive, specific, and authentic consumer experience provided by consumers, revealing the contents that concern consumers the most. As a result, online reviews provide a valuable resource for studying the factors affecting consumer satisfaction [27].

Some scholars have investigated tourist satisfaction and online evaluation of homestays. Certain results have been achieved on the satisfaction degree of the lodging industry based on online evaluations. The focus of the current studies includes sentiment analysis on online reviews, and the influencing factors of tourist satisfaction. Overall, the evaluation of hotel service quality is relatively mature, while the evaluation of homestay service quality is severely lacking. The research results on hotel service quality cannot be directly applied to homestay service quality, because homestays pursue personalized development rather than meet the standard of lodging industry.

In view of the above, this paper selects the online reviews of the RHIs on ctrip.com as the targets, mines the factors that affect the RHI satisfaction from the online reviews, and explores how and how much different factors affect the RHI service satisfaction, providing a theoretical basis and operable mode for RHIs to improve tourist satisfaction.

3.1 Data collection

The most popular travel websites in China include ctrip.com, qunar.com, lvmama.com, tuniu.com, and fliggy.com. According to the Quarterly Monitoring Report on China’s Online Travel Market , ctrip.com occupied 48% of the market share of online lodging preservation in the first quarter of 2019, making it the biggest lodging preservation website in China. The online reviews of ctrip.com are very representative, for the website has the largest consumer base and offers the largest number of samples. Besides, a tourist cannot comment about a homestay on the website before he/she checks in, which ensures the credibility of online reviews. Therefore, the LocoySpider (http://www.locoy.com) was adopted to extract the online reviews (January 1-December 25, 2019) on the RHIs around Mount Mogan, Zhejiang province from ctrip.com.

In 2012, Mount Mogan was rated as one of the 45 most visited places in the world in 2012 by Time . It is one of the most famous RHI gathering spots in China. As of July 2019, there were more than 700 homestays around Mount Mogan, offering nearly 10,000 beds. In 2018, the homestays around Mount Mogan received 2.1 million tourists, and achieved an income of RMB 2.05 billion yuan.

After data cleaning, 312,782 online reviews (about 50 million words) were obtained. These reviews were analyzed on Word2vec to generate the vector of each words. Then, 7,324 reviews randomly selected in the calculation model.

3.2 Preprocessing

The short texts collected from the Internet usually contain lots of noise, which hinders the sentiment analysis on these texts. Hence, the texts should be preprocessed before sentiment analysis. In general, text preprocessing includes three steps: word segmentation, part-of-speech (POS) tagging, and stop word removal.

(1) Word segmentation

In linguistics, words, as the smallest independent emotional unit, have rich emotional connotations. The accuracy of word segmentation is the prerequisite for sentiment analysis. Before extracting feature words from the reviews, it is necessary to preprocess the text information. In English, each word is separated by a space. In Chinese, however, there are no fixed spacers (spaces) between words, making word segmentation a necessity before sentiment analysis.

At present, the most frequently-used word segmentation systems for Chinese include the Natural Language Processing & Information Retrieval (NLPIR) system of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Fudan NLP word segmentation system of Fudan University, the Language Technology Platform (LTP) of Harbin Institute of Technology, and Paoding Analyzer. Among them, the NLPIR, a.k.a. ICTCLAS2013 is the earliest open-source Chinese word segmentation system. The system was developed based on the multi-layer hidden Markov model. To date, the system has attracted over 200,000 users worldwide, and won numerous awards. Therefore, the NLPIR was selected as the word segmentation tool in our research.

(2) POS tagging

POS describes the role of a word in context, laying the basis for classifying words by their features. There are 14 POSs in modern Chinese, namely, nouns, verbs, auxiliary words, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, etc. Based on word segmentation, POS tagging clarifies the POS of each word in the text.

The above-mentioned word segmentation systems can tag POSs after word segmentation. Here, POS tagging is also completed by the NLPIR. Each segmented word was separated by a slash from its POS tag. Take the review “the geographical location is pretty good” for example. The result after word segmentation and POS tagging is “the geographical location/n is/v pretty/adv good/adj”.

(3) Removal of stop words and special symbols

Stop words refer to some meaningless functional words that can be filtered out in natural language processing. Despite their high frequency in the text, these words have no impact on the sentiment analysis of the text. In Chinese, the common stop words include some pronouns, auxiliary words, prepositions, and modal auxiliary words.

In addition, the special symbols were also removed from the text, such as some English characters, numbers, mathematical characters, punctuation marks, emoticons, and special Internet symbols like @, #, and URL.

3.3 Word2vec-based clustering of RHI reviews

Duan et al. [28] extracted frequently occurring nouns in reviews as candidate features of hotels. In this paper, the high-frequency nouns in RHI reviews are obtained through text corpus analysis. As shown in Figure 1, the homestay tourists were mostly concerned about traffic, breakfast, environment, attractions, sanitation, activities, etc.

Figure 1. Word cloud of high-frequency nouns in RHI reviews

Inspired by Hu and Liu [23], the noises were removed from high-frequency words. Specifically, each identified noun was tested by the maximum likelihood ratio. The frequency of the noun in reviews of the related classes (e.g. RHI reviews) was subtracted by that in reviews in unrelated classes (e.g. book reviews). If the likelihood ratio is small, the noun will be removed as an unrated word, that is, noise. Since the likelihood ratio obeys the asymptotic χ 2 distribution, the nouns whose threshold is above the p=0.05 were taken as candidate product features. Meanwhile, a group of irrelevant nouns (e.g. homestay and Mount Mogan) were compiled manually, and removed from the candidate nouns. In the end, a total of 44 RHI feature nouns were obtained.

After that, the RHI reviews containing the 50,015,783 words (threads=2, vectors=100, window=12) were processed by Word2vec to obtain the vector of each word. Then, the 44 feature nouns acquired by POS tagging were expressed as vectors. The Euclidean distance between word vectors was defined as the similarity between words.

Next, the obtained word vectors were clustered by the k-means clustering (KMC). The clustering quality was evaluated by examining the separation and closeness of clusters with Silhouette Coefficient. The clustering was repeated 10 times, as the number K of clusters increased from 2 to 9. The clustering results are presented in Figure 2 below.

Figure 2. Results on Silhouette Coefficient

As shown in Figure 2, the Silhouette Coefficient peaked at K=7. By its definition, the greater the Silhouette Coefficient, the better the K value. Then, the dimensionality of spatial vectors was gradually reduced to obtain Figure 3. Through hierarchical clustering, the number of RHI evaluation dimensions was determined as seven: site, appearance, facility, public space, service, individuation, and marketing.

Figure 3. Clustering results of feature nouns for RHI evaluation

3.4 ML-based feature classification

Drawing on the results of Duan et al. [28] and Ganu et al. [29], the objective sentences that do not contain positive or negative emotions were removed, e.g. “my fellow traveler will arrive earlier than me”. Then, the sentences that do not involve evaluations factors were also deleted, e.g. “the tourists to Mount Mogan are advised to choose this inn”. After the removal, a total of 80,000 evaluation units were obtained, with an average word count of 7. Table 1 provides a typical evaluation unit.

The factor class of each evaluation unit was determined by the ML. Both Multinomial I Bayes and support vector machine (SVM) are suitable for the classification. Studies have shown that the SVM can achieve the better classification results [30]. Therefore, this paper uses the SVM to classify all evaluation units.

The SVM is an ML algorithm based on the principle of structural risk minimization [31]. The basic principle of the SVM is to map each vector to a higher-dimensional space, which has a hyperplane with maximum separation. Two parallel hyperplanes parallel are across the hyperplane that separates the data. The hyperplane is divided to maximize the distance between the two parallel hyperplanes. It is assumed that the distance or gap between the parallel hyperplanes is negatively correlated with the total error of the classifier

Table 1. A typical evaluation unit

Recall $=\frac{T P}{T P+F N}$ (1)

Precision $=\frac{T P}{T P+F P}$ (2)

$F=2 \frac{\text {Precision} \bullet \text {Recall}}{\text {Precision}+\text {Recall}}$ (3)

where, TP is the percentage of evaluation units that have been extracted and classified; FN is the percentage of evaluation units that have not been extracted; FP is the percentage of evaluation units that have been classified.

The ML algorithm is implemented in the following process: First, the 80,000 evaluation units were divided into a training set and a test set. In the training set, each evaluation unit has its POS tag. The evaluation units of the training set were taken as the inputs, and the feature classes were defined as the outputs. Through supervised learning, a feature classifier was designed by the ML algorithm. Then, the feature classifier was adopted to identify the class of each evaluation unit in the test set. The classification is considered correct, if the identified classes agree with the actual classes of the evaluation units in the test set, and incorrect if otherwise.

Table 2 shows the classification results of the SVM-based classifier. Obviously, the SVM algorithm reached a high Precision (71.9%), a high Recall (87.3%) and a desirable F-value (0.802).

Table 2. Classification results of the SVM-based classifier

3.5 Positioning and extraction of emotional words

Sentiment analysis could be realized by (1) supervised methods, e.g. Ali et al. [32] judged emotional polarity with the SVM and improved fuzzy domain ontology (FDO) method; (2) unsupervised methods, e.g. Hu and Liu [23] relied on unsupervised method to determine the emotional polarity, using multiple clustering algorithms; (3) emotional word dictionary, e.g. Kim et al. [33] conducted sentiment analysis with ROSTEA sentiment dictionary tool.

While feature words are nouns, emotional words contain multiple POSs, particularly adverb and adjective. Based on the location of feature words, a [-s, s] character interval was set up near each feature word as the positioning interval of emotional words. For example, the interval of emotional words near the

In this paper, based on the position of the feature word determined after the comment text is segmented, the [-s, s] character interval is created near the feature word as the emotional word positioning interval. For example, the interval of emotional words for “the geographical location/n is/v pretty/adv good/adj” can be expressed as “pretty/adv good/adj”.

3.6 Matching and value assignment

The extracted words were matched with an emotional word list, and assigned proper values. The review “the geographical location is pretty good” was still taken as the example. The emotional words are behind the feature word: “pretty” is the emotional degree, and “good” is the emotional polarity.

Our RHI emotional word list was prepared from the HowNet emotional word list and NTUSD emotional word list. The words in the list could be expanded manually. Each emotional degree word was rated against a 6-point scale (1 point if no word of degree appears; and 2-5 points if such words appear); each positive emotional word was assigned 2 points, each negative emotional word was assigned -2 points, and each neutral emotional word was assigned 1 point.

The emotional score of each emotional word can be calculated by:

where, w is the score of emotional degree; i is the score of emotional polarity

Table 3. Influencing factors on tourist satisfaction (Part)

Take “the geographical location is pretty good” for example. After word segmentation, the review became “the geographical location/n is/v pretty/adv good/adj”. The feature word is “the geographical location”. The emotional degree word “pretty” was given 3 points; the emotional polarity word “good” is positive and was thus assigned 2 points. Hence, the emotional score of this review was 6 in the dimension of site, and 0 in any other dimensions.

After adding up the scores on emotional units in each review, the scores of influencing factors on tourist satisfaction in each dimension were obtained (as shown in Table 3 above).

4.1 Descriptive analysis on model variables

Table 4. Descriptive analysis results on model variables

As shown in Table 4, the emotional expression of tourists was either positive or negative in each dimension. The strongest emotion appeared in the Service dimension, where the minimum value was -8, and the maximum value was 10, that is, the difference between positive and negative was 18. The second strongest emotion appeared in the Facility dimension, where the minimum value was -8, and the maximum value was 8, that is, the difference between positive and negative was 16. The third strongest emotion appeared in Site and Appearance dimensions, whose differences between positive and negative were both 14. Site had greater minimum and maximum values than Appearance. The higher the strength of emotion, the greater the disagreement between evaluations in the dimension.

In terms of mean satisfaction, Individuation scored the highest with 2.674 points, followed by Appearance with 2.478 points, and then Service with 2.064 points. The lowest mean satisfaction (0.523 points) belonged to Marketing. Therefore, the three aspects that best satisfy the tourists of Mount Mogan are Individual, Appearance and Service.

4.2 Effects of RHI evaluation dimensions on tourist satisfaction

Fang and Qu [34] clustered the words in homestay reviews, and extracted the evaluation indices for homestay online reputation, but failed to disclose the intrinsic law of data content. Yang et al. [35] combined domain dictionary and topic mining to analyze the sentiments of homestay reviews, and obtained the positive and negative themes contained in homestay reviews. However, their research only deals with a limited amount of data, and does not consider the semantic relationship between text words.

To overcome the defects of the above research, this paper sorts out and analyzes the online reviews of ctrip.com, summarizes the RHI features that interest consumers, and evaluates their effects on RHI satisfaction. During the analysis, tourist satisfaction was taken as the dependent variable, while site, appearance, facility, public space, service, individuation, marketing, and the number of features in reviews were taken as dependent variables that affect the tourist satisfaction. The regression results are listed in Table 5.

As shown in Table 5, the tourist satisfaction with RHIs is positively affected by dimensions like site, appearance, facility, public space, service, individuation, and marketing. Specifically, the coefficient of service dimension was 0.563 (p=0.698), with an odd ratio (OR) of 1.7559; the coefficient of individuation dimension was 0.455, with an OR of 1.5762; the coefficient of facility dimension was 0.283, with an OR of 1.3271.

The OR reflects how much each unit of growth in an independent variable affects the probability of occurrence. The above results show that service, individuation, and facility had much larger ORs than the other dimensions. This means tourist satisfaction with RHIs is most affected by service quality, followed in turn by individuation and facility, but not greatly affected by appearance and marketing. The number of features in the evaluation text had a negative effect on RHI satisfaction, that is, the more the features in the text, the poorer the tourist satisfaction, and the inverse is also true.

Table 5. Regression results

(Ps.: * p<0.1; ** p<0.05; *** p<0.01)

This paper analyzes the text of online evaluations on the RHIs around Mount Mogan from ctrip.com, and summarizes the dimensions of the RHI evaluation: site, appearance, facility, public space, service, individuation, and marketing. Compared with the previous studies [34, 35], this paper performed in-depth mining of text data, created a regression model with sentiment analysis, and discovered that service, individuation, and facility are the leading influencing factors of RHI satisfaction.

In terms of service, breakfast attracted more comments than any other service. It is also the service that most likely to cause dissatisfaction.

In terms of individuation, the personalized services (car rental, laundry, pick-up, printing, photography, etc.) and travel services (route or activity arrangements, booking of scenic spots tickets, free maps, and guide, etc.) add brilliance to homestay experience.

In terms of facility, homestay tourists attach great importance to many aspects of facility, such as the size and sound insulation of the room, the comfort of bedding, the situation of electrical equipment, etc. Good air-conditioning, WI-FI, television, and elevator are essential to creating a comfortable lodging experience. Some homestays provide amusement facilities specifically for children, making tourists very satisfied.

The research results help RHI managers or owners to obtain the highest satisfaction at the lowest cost: the managers/owners should focus on service, individuation, and facility, trying to leave a good first impression and offer an excellent lodging experience to tourists. The future research will compare more reviews on RHIs in different regions, and identify the different interests of their tourists.

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What is a homestay? Unlocking the local experience with Worldpackers

Explore the world of travel with us as we delve into 'What is a Homestay?', its benefits, how it works, and tips for an amazing stay.

Worldpackers Worldpackers

Mar 12, 2024

Ever wondered what is a homestay? Picture this: you're exploring an unfamiliar city, but instead of staying in a sterile hotel room, you're sharing meals and stories with a local family.

It's not just about having an affordable place to sleep—it’s about cultural immersion and genuine connections .

Your hosts are eager to share their world with you—local cuisine at the dinner table, secret spots off the tourist trail—and help guide your journey.

It transforms more than just staying; it's about truly living and experiencing life like a local. Keep reading to discover what a homestay is and everything you need to know about it

Also, take a look at: Explore house sitting jobs for affordable travel and Japanese homestay: live a cultural immersion for free .

What is a homestay?

Staying with a local family while you travel is what's known as a homestay. But it's more than just an accommodation option. It’s about making friends and getting immersed in the culture of the place.

In a nutshell, a homestay involves spending time living with host families who open their homes to travelers from around the world.

These can be individuals or even entire families wanting to share their home and lifestyle with guests seeking genuine travel experiences. This immersive experience allows one to gain valuable insights into local customs .

It also provides firsthand knowledge of language skills when traveling abroad to places where English isn't commonly spoken, helping to break down potential language barriers.

Benefits of a homestay

Now that you know what a homestay is, let's explore its advantages. Homestays offer a myriad of benefits for travelers , whether they're on vacation, relocating, learning a language, or seeking a long-term "home away from home." Let's delve into these advantages:

Genuine travel experience

Homestays offer more than just affordable accommodation; they provide real experiences that typical tourist trails miss.

Staying with a local family allows guests to delve deep into the local culture and lifestyle . Plus, hosts often have unique interests and hobbies, adding another layer of richness to your journey.

It lets you taste homemade meals not found on city break menus while gaining insights about hidden gems around town from people who know it best.

Building relationships

Staying with a host family offers a unique opportunity for travelers to forge lasting relationships and friendships with locals , significantly enhancing their overall travel experience.

Local knowledge

Your homestay hosts serve as living guidebooks brimming with knowledge about their locale.

From advising on lesser-known attractions off the beaten path to helping navigate currency exchange rates or language barriers - they've got you covered.

Their recommendations are far more personalized than any internet browser could give.

They'll tell tales behind historic sites, share their favorite eateries away from crowded hotspots and even teach some phrases in the foreign language spoken locally.

Cost-effective

Homestays can be more budget-friendly than hotels or serviced apartments, making them an excellent choice for travelers seeking affordable long-term accommodation.

Language learning opportunities

For those looking to improve their language skills, homestays are an excellent option.

Living with native speakers allows for constant language practice and faster language acquisition .

Safe and secure

Homestays are typically safer and more secure than some other forms of accommodation , as travelers are living with a local family who can provide guidance and support.

How to choose a homestay

Selecting the right homestay is a crucial decision that can greatly influence your travel experience. To help you make an informed choice, consider the following factors when deciding on a homestay:

Research the location: Determine where you want to stay. Consider factors like proximity to attractions, public transportation, and safety .
Understand your goals: Define your travel goals. Are you looking for cultural immersion, language learning, or a comfortable place to stay?
Read reviews and ratings: Check online reviews and ratings from previous guests. This can provide insights into the host's hospitality and the condition of the property.
Evaluate host profiles: Review the profiles of potential hosts. Look for details about their family, interests, and expectations from guests.
Communicate with hosts: Reach out to potential hosts with questions about the homestay. Clear communication is essential to ensure expectations align.
Check amenities: Consider the amenities offered, such as Wi-Fi, meals, laundry facilities, and private or shared accommodations.
Cultural compatibility: Assess whether the host family's lifestyle and values align with your own. This can contribute to a more harmonious experience.
House rules and expectations: Understand the house rules and expectations set by the host, including any curfews, guest policies, or specific responsibilities.
Trust your instincts: Ultimately, trust your instincts. If something doesn't feel right or if you have doubts about a particular homestay, consider other options.

Stay in a homestay for free using Worldpackers

You might be asking, "What's the secret sauce that lets me stay at homestays without breaking my bank?" Well, let us introduce you to Worldpackers , your golden ticket to free homestays .

Understanding work exchange opportunities

The magic behind this idea is simple: work exchange . You offer some of your skills and time helping out around the place and voila! Your accommodation costs are covered.

No matter if it’s gardening, teaching languages or social media marketing – there’s a chance someone needs exactly what you can give.

Remember though- as amazing as this sounds, Worldpackers isn’t just a free ticket to travel. It’s about cultural exchange and making connections with your hosts. This means spending time getting to know them, their routines and even learning from them.

Note: The type of work required varies greatly depending on the host family but generally includes light tasks like housekeeping or cooking meals.

Exploring homestays through Worldpackers

A world full of options awaits as you dive into the diversity offered by WorldPackers' platform. Whether it's living with locals in a quaint Italian village or experiencing life off-grid on an organic farm in Australia - these opportunities abound.

In addition to international travel experiences, there are also countless local options available right within our own country . Perfect for those who want to explore more domestically while keeping their wallets happy.

Are you curious about the homestay opportunities you can find with Worldpackers? Here's a glimpse of 10 exciting opportunities around the world:

1. United States

Immerse yourself in American culture by staying with a host family in the heart of the U.S . Spend your time assisting with daily tasks and looking after their dogs while living with a family in Seattle.

Seattle is a wonderful city to use as a base for exploring the beautiful Pacific Northwest. The family resides in the University District, which is conveniently within walking distance of parks, grocery stores, and public transportation.

The exchange consists of 16 hours of volunteering per week in exchange for accommodation and all meals . Check more details here .

Experience India's rich and diverse culture through a homestay with the Bihar Project. The project's primary objective is the development of an affordable, sustainable housing prototype in a town dealing with waste management and a rapidly expanding population.

In this role, participants have the opportunity to contribute their skills in childcare, animal care, gardening, and maintenance.

The exchange program involves 20 hours of work per week in exchange for accommodation and meals . For more details, click here .

3. Australia

Explore the Land Down Under while living with an Australian host family.

If you're interested in renewable energy, water conservation, and sustainability in general, consider staying with that family that resides in the heart of the Australian rainforest .

There, you can assist with maintenance, construction, and painting. The exchange involves 25 hours of volunteering per week in exchange for accommodation and all meals . Check more details here .

4. United Kingdom

Discover British traditions and way of life through a UK homestay. Volunteer in Family Home with many dogs and a productive garden.

Their home is a wonderful place to reside as part of their family. They spend ample time together, both working and socializing.

For dog enthusiasts, their home is a paradise , and for those who cherish the countryside, it's a perfect match. If one enjoys staying active and engaged, their home is an excellent fit.

The exchange involves 25 hours of volunteering per week in exchange for accommodation and all meals . For more details, click here .

Enjoy the beauty of Canada and connect with Canadian hosts. Assist with household tasks while living in a rural home situated on a small lake with a Canadian family.

They also have a diverse array of animals, including pigs, chickens, dogs, cats, and bunnies, making a love for animals a crucial quality for anyone interested in becoming a part of their household.

The exchange involves 18 hours of volunteering per week in exchange for accommodation and all meals . Check more details here .

How about living in the heart of Puebla, Mexico, while working in a 17th-century mansion ?

This homestay is located in the Historic Center of the City of Puebla, a highly culturally rich area with all types of businesses, making it an ideal place to live.

In this position, you can assist with various skills such as cooking, painting, organizing, among others. In exchange, you will receive accommodation and breakfast . Liked? Know more here .

Immerse yourself in Brazilian coastal culture. Assist with various tasks in a homestay and enjoy the nature around you.

Over there, the volunteer would have plenty of activities to enjoy during their free time, such as hiking and exploring the nearby beaches .

The exchange consists of 25 hours of volunteering per week, and you receive accommodation, breakfast, and free hiking tours . For more details, click here .

7. Thailand

Experience an authentic immersion in Thai culture . Teach English to children and live life with a Thai family.

This unique position offers an immersive experience for learning the Thai language, immersing in the local culture with monks , and assisting others in English empowerment within a community context.

Furthermore, it provides an affordable and joyful way to travel and gain new experiences, conveniently located near Donmuang Airport for day trips to cultural destinations like Bangkok, Prathumthani, and Ayutthaya.

In this opportunity, you can contribute with various skills such as teaching English, assisting with social media, and gardening for two hours a day. In return, you will receive accommodation and meals , in exchange for a fee to support the project. Check more details here .

8. Guatemala

Experience a tropical paradise in Guatemala by living in a homestay while assisting at a local bar.

It's a unique opportunity to immerse yourself in the culture and beauty of this stunning destination.

In this position, you'll assist at the bar and reception for 30 hours a week, and in return, you'll receive accommodation as well as discounts on parties and drinks .

Check for more details here , or explore other opportunities in Latin America .

Dive into African culture and hospitality through homestays in different African nations. How about a homestay where you can help at a children's shelter in Kenya?

If you are seeking a tranquil place abundant with natural beauty, Upendo Face Orphanage is an ideal choice for you. They are situated in a rural village, surrounded by nature and immersed in Maasai culture .

In this environment, you can assist with various tasks, including animal care, teaching English, childcare, and more. In return, you will receive accommodations and meals . Check for more details here .

Ready to experience a homestay?

Now that you know what a homestay is and how it works, what do you think about experiencing it?

It's more than just an accommodation option. It’s about cultural immersion and making friends with locals . Your hosts are your guides, helping you navigate the local area while sharing their unique interests and insider knowledge.

But it doesn't end there! You also get to experience life as they do , away from the tourist trail, and pick up some foreign language skills along the way.

Embrace this affordable accommodation alternative! Subscribe to the Worldpackers Community for free and start saving your favorite volunteer positions until you are ready to get verified.

Join the community!

Create a free Worldpackers account to discover volunteer experiences perfect for you and get access to exclusive travel discounts!

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Is good for home stay you feel like your home

Dive into volunteer vacations: affordable and impactful

Volunteer overseas: your guide to discover the world, farm exchange: volunteer for accommodation, how do worldpackers trips work.

As a member, you can contact as many hosts and travel safely as many times as you want.

Choose your plan to travel with Worldpackers as many times as you like.

Complete your profile, watch the video lessons in the Academy, and earn certificates to stand out to hosts.

Apply to as many positions as you like, and get in contact with our verified hosts.

If a host thinks you’re a good fit for their position, they’ll pre-approve you.

Get your documents and tickets ready for your volunteer trip.

Confirm your trip to enjoy all of the safety of Worldpackers.

Have a transformative experience and make a positive impact on the world.

If anything doesn’t go as planned with a host, count on the WP Safeguard and our highly responsive support team!

After volunteering, you and your host exchange reviews.

With positive reviews, you’ll stand out to hosts and get even more benefits.

Cikgu Mohd Zuhri

Enhance Your SPM Success! Excel in English Essays!

Essay Sample SPM: Review of Hotel in Langkawi

❗SPM 2023❗English Paper 3 - Part 1 Question Reference - Part 2 Question and Answer Reference - Part 2 Hot Topic❗ - More Question and Answer

Write your answer in 200 – 250 words in an appropriate style on this question paper. You see this notice in a newspaper. Write your hotel review .

Table of Contents

Review of Hotel Wanted!

– Have you stayed someplace good for a holiday? Or you have bad memories of it? – Send us a review of a hotel or motel that you have stayed for a holiday – Let us know if you would recommend this hotel or motel to our readers.

Your review will be published in our newspaper.

Review of Daisy Lux Hotel

Last month, my family and I had the opportunity to spend a long weekend at the Daisy Lux Hotel in Langkawi. The hotel is right beside Tanjung Rhu beach. Tanjung Rhu Beach is one of the clearest and cleanest beaches in Malaysia. The hotel was the perfect setting for a relaxing getaway. The surroundings were stunning, and we enjoyed our time at the hotel.

From the moment we entered the hotel lobby, we were impressed. The interior decor was luxurious yet warm and inviting. The family room that we booked was spacious and clean with comfortable double beds and linens. The room was overlooking the ocean which had a fabulous view. There is a kettle, a small fridge and a large TV which we loved. The bathroom was nicely decorated with unique tiles. They provided plush towels and top of the line toiletry sets which they would replace every day.

The facilities of hotel

In addition to the comfortable accommodations, the hotel also offered a wide range of activities and facilities for guests to enjoy. We were delighted by the large pool facing the beach. We could just walk right to the beach after taking a dip in the pool. The hotel restaurant has a stunning interior as well. We were able to have a relaxing breakfast and dinner every day that we were there. The price of the food was pretty expensive, but the food was delicious and top-notch.

The staff of Daisy Lux Hotel was excellent and pleasant. They were very welcoming and accommodating. The housekeeping staff was efficient and attentive. Everyone was caring about our needs to ensure that we were enjoying our stay.

In conclusion

On the whole, we enjoyed the hospitality at Daisy Lux Hotel and we had a wonderful experience of staying there. Location is good, the staff is courteous, the facilities were awesome. I would definitely recommend Daisy Lux Hotel as it is a great place for guests to relax and enjoy themselves.

Essay Sample Bahasa Inggeris: Travel review of Penang

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TEA, STRAWBERRIES AND STEAMBOATS AT THE CAMERON HIGHLANDS RESORT

This post may contain affiliate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. We may receive a small commission when you make a purchase using our link.

The Cameron Highlands is an easy 3 hour bus journey from Kuala Lumpur. Known for its beautiful rolling hills, cooler temperatures, and wonderful tea plantations, the Cameron Highlands is a wonderful change of pace from Kuala Lumpur.

When I started researching hotels to stay at during my trip, I quickly realised that the Cameron Highlands Resort was easily the best hotel option. I’m excited to share some of the things that made my stay at the Cameron Highlands Resort so memorable!

The Cameron Highlands Resort is steeped in history and fully embraces the feel of the Cameron Highlands. Built as an extension from a 1930’s cottage, the resort has a very unique colonial feel, with some of the architecture dating all the way back to 1070!

The hotel feels like you are in a very luxurious yet welcoming colonial home, complete with a shared fireplace (where you can enjoy a fire lighting ceremony if it is a special occasion), wood flooring, and beautiful white shutters.

Each of the Resort’s 56 rooms and suites perfectly captures the colonial yet comfortable feel shown in the lobby.

I stayed in a Deluxe room, which is perfect for a couple with its king sized four-poster bed, spacious seating area, and private balcony overlooking the neighbouring golf course (note all rooms have a balcony).

I was so content to make a cup of tea, which was provided in the room, and sit on the balcony reading my book. It was truly an escape from the hustle and bustle of Kuala Lumpur , and was such a relaxing experience to simply breathe in the cool mountain air while looking at the rolling hills in the distance.

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Cameron Highlands Activities

If you want a more active experience, the Cameron Highlands Resort has you covered as well. They can help organise all sorts of tours and fun things to do around the Cameron Highlands .

Jim Thompson Mystery Trail

The Resort organises complimentary walking trail tours, where an experienced resident naturalist explains all about the plants, animals, and extensive history of the area. I did the “ Jim Thompson Mystery Trail ” on my first morning, which was a leisurely 45 minute beginner hike through the jungle with our amazing guide Madi.

During our walk Madi made sure to point out several interesting facts, including background information on Jim Thompson who the walk was named after.

Boh Tea Plantation

The next day we were treated to a half day tour with Madi. This tour explored farther from the hotel and included a visit to the Boh tea plantation .

The tea plantation is absolutely massive and includes a look into how the tea is made, from growing, to refining, to drinking. There is a great little restaurant on a balcony overlooking the tea fields, and Madi expertly showed us some of the lesser known vantage points to take some incredible pictures from!

Strawberry Farm and Temples

The rest of our day included a visit to a strawberry farm, where we were given a pair of scissors and a basket to go and pick our own strawberries. These were some of the best tasting strawberries I’ve ever had, straight from the vine!

Finally, we also visited Sam Poh Temple, which is the oldest Buddhist temple in the area. Madi was providing funny stories throughout the entire tour, making the day even more enjoyable!

And if that doesn’t fill your time in the highlands read my post 12 Things To Do In The Cameron Highlands .

The Spa At The Cameron Highlands Resort

After a long day of sightseeing, one of my favourite things to do is relax in the spa. As you would expect from a luxury hotel, the Spa Village at the Cameron Highlands Resort was one of a kind!

I was treated to a “Fresh Strawberry Escapade” experience in their Spa Village, which was truly one of the most unique spa treatments I’ve ever had.

Strawberries are extremely important in the Cameron Highlands, with countless strawberry farms and products, so this “Escapade” involved a tea and strawberry bath, a 1 hour massage, and strawberry scrub wrap which soothes inflammation and softens the skin.

Seriously, if you have never had a relaxing massage and then been covered in strawberries you need to experience it at least once in your life!

The Spa Village offers a wide range of other treatments as well. From traditional massages, to rose petal facials, to other amazing experiences offered only at the Cameron Highlands Resort (like a Chrysanthemum & Avocado Escape or a “Cameron’s Mint” treatment), the Spa Village is the perfect way to relax after a long day with plenty of indoor and outdoor seating areas to chill out.

The Cameron Highlands Resort has a good number of in-house dining options , each with its own character matching its unique location.

I started my day each morning with breakfast at the traditional Dining Room restaurant, which offered a combination of made to order dishes and a self-served buffet. The dining room overlooked the neighbouring golf course and mountains in the distance, and was the perfect setting to plan out my day.

I also had dinner one night in the Dining Room, which transforms into a smart casual restaurant with an excellent selection of colonial, western, and local foods.

Each day the culinary team would go out and get the freshest ingredients, and this attention to detail really pays off because the food was all excellent. Be sure to save room for dessert, because there were some delicious choices, and as we all know calories don’t count on vacation!

Afternoon Tea

Afternoon tea is another important part of the Cameron Highlands, and the Cameron Highlands Resort organised a perfect one in their Jim Thompson Tea Room. The beautifully furnished Tea Room offers a place to sit and relax while enjoying a wide range of pastries, sandwiches, and strawberries with your cup of tea.

This experience reminded me of being back in England, and I really felt miles away from the heat and craziness of the city. A delicious lunch is also served daily in the same Tea Room, which is a perfect spot to kick back and relax while having some traditional dishes.

Steamboat Dinner

Finally, no Cameron Highlands trip is complete without a proper “Steamboat” dinner experience. Luckily you will not have to venture far to find the best Steamboat in the Cameron Highlands, because the Resort has one in their very own “Gonbei” restaurant.

For the unacquainted, a Steamboat dinner involves a pot of boiling soup with different flavors, where you cook your meat and vegetables yourself tableside.

Situated near the guest rooms in the back of the hotel, Gonbei is a half outdoor seating area which lets you fully appreciate the cool night air while eating your meal.

The manager of the restaurant was exceptionally nice, making recommendations on the best combinations of food and explaining how the process worked, from picking our boiling base to adding the right amount of meat and vegetables.

It’s difficult for me to pick my best meal at the Cameron Highlands Resort , but I would have to lean towards Gonbei because the food was not only incredible, but the entire experience was so much fun and memorable!

The Cameron Highlands Resort is the premier resort in the Cameron Highlands, and after my stay, it is easy to see why they have earned their stellar reputation. The setting and amenities are beautiful, the food is outstanding, the activities very well organised, and the customer service is always fast and friendly.

Next time you find yourself in Malaysia, make sure to take a trip to the Cameron Highlands and experience the Cameron Highlands Resort firsthand!

I hope that this article has inspired you to visit the Cameron Highlands and stay at the Cameron Highlands Resort. If you have any questions or comments please share in the comments below.

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I was welcomed as a guest at the Cameron Highlands Resort. As always all opinions are my own and reflect my genuine opinion of my stay at the resort. Please see my Disclosures for more information.

You’ll Also Love

Vanessa Rivers says

January 23, 2017 at 3:41 am

Another great post! This place loos like a must visit!

Becky van Dijk says

January 23, 2017 at 8:19 pm

Thanks Vanessa! The hotel was absolutely beautiful, and best part was I got to have a traditional afternoon tea and eat strawberries and cream every day!

[…] relatively basic with a few upscale guest houses to choose from. By far the most luxurious is the Cameron Highlands Resort which offers its guests a true English countryside feel, with a roaring fireplace, snug leather […]

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Cozy and beautiful homestay - Homely Homestay

Asia
Malaysia
Melaka State
Central Melaka District
Melaka
Melaka B&Bs / Inns
Homely Homestay

Rosa Malacca

Hatten Hotel Melaka

Nice hotel and walking distance to Jonker street night market. Surrounded by nice street food and shopping mall just across. Good school tidbits like sweetened olive and button biscuits are also provided free at the hotel lobby, these are tidbits not easy to find anymore. Swimming pool is just beside the gym which is good but the pool is a bit too small. Do take note that the car park must enter opposite bay view hotel or beside the hospital, in case you want to want there.

The Majestic Malacca

Baba House Melaka

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Casa del Rio Melaka

Bayview Hotel Melaka

Imperial Heritage Hotel Melaka Boutique & Gourmet Hotel

The Shore Hotel & Residences

My colleages and myself enjoy ourselves very much in this beautiful home. The house was clean, tidy and well furnished. The surrounding of the house was safe too~ However it will be more convenient if you drive. We had a good time in this homestay. Our host is extremely nice and friendly, going the extra miles to host our big group over the weekend even on the wee hours on Friday night. The house even comes with free Wifi for up to 10 people :) We highly recommend for big groups (Family, Friends, Colleagues).

Cleanliness

Visited melaka last week with 8 colleagues. What's good: Reasonable rental. Clean and tidy place. Helpful and friendly host. Big hall for us to play card game. I like the frigde the most, with full of drink and beer(the price even cheaper then i buy from market) Very near to town and tourist spot. One of the room is connected with roof is very good for smoker like me :) Whats bad: We come with three car but parking is only enough for two. Cannot too noisy after 12am due to residential area. The wifi very slow. Overall is good. Highly recommended for budget and nice place :)

We were a group of 12 adults and 2 kids , stayed here for 2 nights. We made the booking online after lots of questions for Chun Wei. When we arrived at the house, Chun Wei and his family members were waiting for us to give us a warm welcome. Very nice people indeed! The house was big, spacious, modern and well furnished. We were amazed when we step into the house. All four rooms are beautifully decorated and equipping with comfortable queen size bed and brand new air-cond. My children love it a lot. Besides that, the house also furnished with TV Astro, wifi, fridge, towel, shampoo which we never expected all these to be supplied. Thank you ChunWei and family for making our vacation so hospitable and I highly recommend this place to anyone travelling to Malacca!

Sleep Quality

I stayed at Homely Homestay with my family for 3 days 2 nights on last weekend. The location is great and the house clean and spacious. It is as described on the website. The owner Tommy and his son Chun Wei were such awesome hosts. Their friendliness makes us feel at home. Tommy personally guided us around the tourist spots nearby. Overall, we had a wonderful stay thanks to the hospitality and lovely people. We would love to visit again and would highly recommend this place to my other family members as well friends! Grace & family

This is my 1st experience for homestay. House is clean and spacious, old house that been refurbished. Each room with air con except hall. Ujong pasir area is windy but near to afternoon the wind that blows in are pretty warm, should consider install air con in hall for guests comfort. It's time to service air con in master room as well. No cabinet at all and i was lost finding ways to keep the clothes organised. Beds and doors are creaking. Clean white towels and shower gels are provided. Limited power points in the hall. Short range Wi-Fi, ipad cant detect the connection upstairs. No mosquitoes but ants at the kitchen area. 1 big bottle mineral water (I think 5L) for your usage, with some glasses and cups and 2 tea spoon. no bowl or plate provided. No chill drinks as the owner just on the fridge when we reached. When we were to leave the house the owner came and did a check. He could not find 2 towels initially and face turned "black". May be he has faced same challenge before but guess professional should be the way. Luckily the wife helped him to find the towels, big thank you to the wife so that we can 'clean' our name of being thieves ! It's a place suitable for youngster for gathering with low cost. it's a good place for big family reunion too but there are rooms for improvement.

Is Homestay.com legit? A Honest Review [2024]

Looking for an affordable home-sharing and hosting service but tired of Airbnb and Vrbo? Homestay is a long-term accommodation option for both students and travelers with friendlier hosts and better prices. Are they legit, and are they worth it? Find out now.

One of the most important aspects to nail down is your accommodation when you're traveling. There are so many different options out there. Still, it ultimately boils down to what you're looking for: a hotel, your own studio, or even a homestay in someone's house.

We've reviewed some alternatives to Airbnb , but what if you want to stay with someone local while traveling? That's where Homestay comes into the picture. Curious if this might be perfect for your next trip? Read on for all you need to know!

What is Homestay?

Founded in 2013, Homestay is an online booking service that allows travelers to book a room in someone's house so they can stay with a local host while traveling. In turn, the site will enable homeowners to rent out spare rooms, and the site allows for both short and long-term accommodation.

Homestay's goal is also for their rentals to be "wallet-friendly," so travelers of all budgets can partake in their accommodation model. Homestay hosts can list their rooms for travel, students, or even professionals, making the concept available to more than just those visiting for a short time.

Not to be confused with Homeaway, now popularly known as Vrbo , Homestay provides the service for travelers to stay with locals while Vrbo provides vacation rentals services.

Homestay accommodation

While in general, Homestays are designed for you to stay in someone's home, that doesn't mean that you can't seek out a host who has similar interests to you or caters to your travel style.

Using Homestay's Inspire Me page, you can browse and filter hosts speaking specific languages, living in certain homes, or having similar hobbies to you. This fun feature allows you to personalize your experience a little and make a good match with a potential host.

To speak with hosts or make a booking, you will have to account with Homestay. You'll need to provide your first and last name, as well as an email address and password to get started. You can also choose to log in with Facebook or Google.

To make a booking, you also must be over 18 years of age.

room sharing and experiences with Homestay.

Homestay locations

Homestay has rooms available all over the world.

Using their search function, you can browse through all the hosts and rooms available in your target destination and then reach out to the hosts to see who fits best with your plans.

Top destinations currently include: London, Edinburgh, Sydney, Rome, Boston, New York, and Vancouver, to name a few! They claim to have over 63,000 rooms in over 176 countries, so there are many locations.

Search for a location with Homestay.com.

Unlike Airbnb, Homestay hosts are expected to welcome and greet their guests, and they are also likely to advertise the kind of host they are on their profile. Hosts can specify the following: if they live in the house full time, if they're friendly/resourceful, and any other host services they provide (including meals, tours, etc.). Homestay hosts can only rent out a room in their house, not the whole house.

When you find a homestay that interests you, you can click on the host to read more about their rules and home. You'll also be able to read reviews of other travelers to help you decide if that Homestay is a good fit for you.

How much does Homestay cost?

Nightly rates for staying in Homestay properties will vary based on where you want to travel and when you're looking to stay there. That being said, Homestay does boast that their average price per night globally is $38.

Looking at payments, Homestay does have a nice feature where you can pay upon arrival. This means that when budgeting for your travels, you can push that payment date to when you arrive, rather than having to bundle it into your pre-departure expenditures.

Homestay's website allows you to search through Homestay options in your local currency. However, be sure to check the host's profile to see if they require payment in the local currency of the country you're visiting.

Homestay students

Homestay also markets itself as an option for students studying abroad or those who need to rent a place to stay Monday-Friday while attending online school away from home.

They can also be used as an excellent opportunity to immerse yourself in the local language, especially if you're using a study abroad experience to work on a second language. If you're curious about what staying in a Homestay might be like as a student, check out Homestay's blog !

Contact information

As with any accommodation booking, it's never a bad idea to have contact information if you have any questions or run into any issues. Most of Homestay's departments can be reached via email, and you can find the various department contact information here . You can also head to their FAQ page for commonly asked questions!

Is Homestay worth it?

While there are tons of other vacation rental sites out there, Homestay is one that we can confidently say stands out. They aim to provide guests with a better and friendlier experience through affordable prices, sociable hosts, and accommodation varieties.

While they have their limitations, we recommend you give Homestay a try if you're looking for an Airbnb alternative with better prices! Their services are free so it doesn't hurt to look through what they have to offer.

Our review: 4.0/5

Short and long-term accommodation.
Pay upon arrival feature.
Host reviews.
Inspire Me search page.
Not helpful with the booking process.
Email-only customer support.
No map search function, only targeted search location.
Hosts may misrepresent their properties.

Homestay alternatives

While Homestay can be a fun way to plan your accommodation, it's not the only option! If you don't think Homestay's the exemplary booking service for you, check out all the other best vacation rental sites to use for some more inspiration!

Plan your next trip with Pilot

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Disclosure : Pilot is supported by our community. We may earn a small commission fee with affiliate links on our website. All reviews and recommendations are independent and do not reflect the official view of Pilot.

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9 Highly Rated Taiping Homestays & Apartments For Your Next Vacay

Taiping is an up-and-coming tourist destination that’s brimming with a plethora of attractions, activities and a ton of accommodations , from stylish hotels to incredibly reasonable homestays and apartments. Check out our list for the best Taiping homestays and apartments that are ideal for your next family vacation!

1. Hermitage Boutique House

9 Highly Rated Taiping Homestays & Apartments For Your Next Vacay 11

Location: 1196 & 1197, Lorong Merdeka 1, Taman Tupai Mas, Taiping, Perak ( Google Maps ) Cost: RM160-500++ per night Contact number: +6011-51099550 Website

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2. Zen Retreat Taiping

9 Highly Rated Taiping Homestays & Apartments For Your Next Vacay 12

Spacious, elegant, and eye-catching are the best words to describe Zen Retreat Taiping. Featuring two distinct and stylish villas – Waterfall Villa and The Havana, each is ornamented with a blend of contemporary and traditional design. Amenities include free WiFi, parking, kitchen, air conditioning, a choice between jacuzzi or waterfall plunge pool and more. The tranquil 4-bedroom villas are well-suited for families or couples on their honeymoon.

Location: 12A, Jalan Taman Suria, Damai, Taiping, Perak ( Google Maps ) Cost: RM490-550++ per night Contact number: +6012-3927220 Website

3. The Yardside Jacuzzi Cottage Taiping

9 Highly Rated Taiping Homestays & Apartments For Your Next Vacay 13

Just minutes away from attractions like Taiping Lake Gardens and Taiping Zoo, The Yardside Jacuzzi Cottage is a refurbished bungalow house surrounded by a beautiful yard. Well-appointed with 5 spacious bedrooms and 3 bathrooms, this lovely homestay can comfortably accommodate up to 16 guests. Amenities include air conditioning, kitchen, barbecue area, free WiFi, jacuzzi and more

Location: 66, Jalan Saw Ah Choy, Taiping, Perak ( Google Maps ) Cost: RM880++ per night Contact number: +6012-4507772 Website

4. Sunset Ark Taiping

9 Highly Rated Taiping Homestays & Apartments For Your Next Vacay 14

Enjoy a pleasant stay at Sunset Ark, a cosy homestay located in Residensi Puncak Kristal apartments, just minutes away from the Taiping Lake Gardens. Spacious enough to accommodate 7 people, this contemporary apartment features plenty of natural lighting and is tastefully appointed with modern amenities like air conditioning, parking, free WiFi, kitchen and more that will make your stay a comfortable one

Location: Residensi Puncak Kristal, Jalan Lembah Tupai 5, Taman Lembah Tupai, Taiping, Perak ( Google Maps ) Cost: RM360++ per night Contact number: +6010-3240752

5. Tihannie Homestay

9 Highly Rated Taiping Homestays & Apartments For Your Next Vacay 15

For those who prefer an accommodation that feels like a home away from home, Tihannie Homestay in Kamunting is an excellent choice. Elegantly furnished, this stylish and spacious homestay has 3 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms and can accommodate up to 10. Feel right at home with thoughtful amenities like air conditioning, super comfortable beds, fully equipped kitchen, parking and more onsite

Location: Tihannie Homestay, Bukit Jana, Kamunting, Perak ( Google Maps ) Cost: RM280-320++ per night Contact number: +6018-9175400 Website

6. Meow Homestay

9 Highly Rated Taiping Homestays & Apartments For Your Next Vacay 16

A stunning lake-facing bungalow situated a short drive from Taiping Zoo and Lake Gardens, Meow Homestay promises to make your stay in Taiping a memorable one. This spacious 3-bedroom homestay can accommodate up to 12 and has an abundance of amenities to keep you luxuriated, such as air conditioning, free WiFi, private balcony, fully equipped kitchen and parking. Even if you were to stay in for the whole day, there’s a small lake nearby where you can relax and indulge in tons of relaxing activities at

Location: 83, Lorong Damai, Taman Surai Damai, Taiping, Perak ( Google Maps ) Cost: RM400++ per night Contact number: +6016-5218741 Website

7. Mei Lee Homestay

9 Highly Rated Taiping Homestays & Apartments For Your Next Vacay 17

Ideal for a small group or family of 12, this private bungalow is located near the town center, making it a smart choice if you plan on travelling around Taiping often. Consisting of 4 bedrooms and 3 bathrooms, private terrace and balcony with large windows that let in natural light, the homestay is also decked out in modern conveniences like air conditioning, parking, fully equipped kitchen, WiFi and more

Location: 1 Lorong Assamara 3, Taman Assamara, Taiping, Perak ( Google Maps ) Cost: RM450-560++ per night Contact number: +6010-3618588 Website

8. Haura Residence

9 Highly Rated Taiping Homestays & Apartments For Your Next Vacay 18

Located in Kamunting, this cozy 3-bedroom homestay is ideal if you are travelling in a group of up to 5 people. Offering you a home away from home, you will find a kitchen, free WiFi, parking and more, all within a compact yet tastefully furnished space. Surrounded by shops and restaurants just minutes away, you will find everything you need at your convenience.

Location: No 57, Lorong JJ1, Taman Jana Jaya II, Kamunting, Perak ( Google Maps ) Cost: RM230++ per night Contact number: +6013-4550156 Website

9. Jiran 58

9 Highly Rated Taiping Homestays & Apartments For Your Next Vacay 19

Conveniently located in the middle of Taiping town, a stay in Jiran 58 homestay lets you experience simple yet comfortable living. Formerly a decades old terrace house that was refurbished a few years ago, the homestay is embellished with modern aesthetics yet still retains its vintage heritage. Able to accommodate up to 12 persons, it has 4 tastefully decorated bedrooms, a beautiful modern kitchen, stunning dining room, well-furnished living room and even a tiny private pool for you to relax and unwind.

Location: 58, Jalan Cempedak, Kampung Jambu, Taiping, Perak ( Google Maps ) Cost: RM480++ per night Contact number: +6019-3112190 Website

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_Edith Wharton Review_

Announcing: “Notes On…” for the Edith Wharton Review (the official refereed journal of the Edith Wharton Society)

Broadening the journal’s practice of including shorter essays alongside full-length scholarly articles, the Edith Wharton Review introduces a regular, ongoing section that aims to give greater visibility to shorter, less formal commentary while also expanding the scope of Wharton-related topics. The new section, entitled “Notes On …” (with a strong emphasis on the ellipses), aims to highlight the joys and inspirations - intellectual, emotional, professional, personal, among other possibilities - that Wharton’s works offer to her readers. “Notes On…” reflects the editors’ interest in the range of epistemologies that we all bring to the reading and teaching of Wharton’s work, and that of her contemporaries. While the journal’s anonymous peer-reviewed articles are crucial to advancing historical and critical scholarship in the fields of literary studies and provide intense gratifications of their own, essays appearing in the “Notes On…” section invite readers and writers to reflect together about the pleasures and challenges of reading, teaching, watching, discovering and thinking with Wharton’s work today. “Notes On…” invites reflections on the illuminating moment in the many forms that it may take in Wharton’s work. The section’s focus - more embodied at times; at times more affective - offers a greater use of the personal voice and formal experimentation than those that appear among the anonymous peer-reviewed articles (submissions to “Notes On …” are peer-reviewed by the editors). Contributions may offer perspectives on teaching a particular novel or range of texts; insights arising from archival work; ruminations upon what it means, or even how it feels, to read Wharton’s work in a particular historical context, place or at different life stages; reviews of and responses to popular culture productions and discussions of Wharton’s work presented in different formats - or any number of other subjects edifying, engaging, and perhaps diverting for our Wharton readers.

Suggested length for submissions is approximately 5-10 pages. Queries about possible topics can be directed to the editor: ( [email protected] ), or any one of the associate editors: ( [email protected] ); ( [email protected] ), ( [email protected] ).

The journal continues to welcome, with appreciation and enthusiasm, full-length critical, scholarly essays on Wharton for its blind peer-reviewed articles section and is open to all Wharton-related topics from a broad range of theoretical perspectives. Suggested length is approximately 20-30 pages. Enqueries welcome (rbode#trentu.ca). Details on submission are available at:

https://www.psupress.org/journals/jnls_EWR.html .

Submissions are welcome on a rolling basis.

BBQPapers is all about the quality. The company prides itself in writing college papers with professional paper writers that deliver best results on the market;

The company never misses deadlines, you can be sure to receive your order on time, just when you need it;

Free revisions are available 10 days after delivery.

There’s no quick price calculator to get an order estimate, you have to sign up to get the final price;

BBQPapers is somewhat more expensive than most professional essay writing services on this list.

I’ve had my share of experiences with essay writing services, and BBQPapers stands out when it comes to handling complex assignments. They have a team ready to take on papers of any difficulty, and you can even order presentations. Their support is available around the clock, ensuring that you get the best possible grades.

Their prices are pretty reasonable too. High school papers start at $5.85 per 100 words, college papers at $6.77, and PhD-level work begins at $10.64. Every order promises original, plagiarism-free content, thoroughly researched and well-cited, plus you get a free plagiarism report.

Quality control is tight, and each paper is reviewed by a trained editor to ensure error-free results. So, quality isn’t something you’ll need to worry about with them.

Now, understanding their pricing is straightforward. It depends on the academic level, urgency, and length of your paper. Simpler and less urgent tasks cost less, while detailed and urgent ones will naturally cost more. Unlike other essay writing websites that charge by the page, BBQPapers charges by every 100 words, which can make them more expensive. However, they justify their prices with the quality of professional college essay writers they hire.

In summary, while they might be pricier, the quality and service at BBQPapers are top-notch, and they’ve earned a loyal following for it.

3. SpeedyPaper — Best Research Paper Writing Service

Good quality, finding a professional essay writer is a matter of minutes, even if your subject is quite peculiar;

There’s no need to pay for a plagiarism report, it is free;

Lots of positive reviews on Reddit.

Finding an ENL essay writer can be quite hard, because SpeedyPaper mostly works with ESL essay writers.

I’ve had some experience with SpeedyPaper, a well-known online essay writing service. They’re pretty good at what they do, focusing on quick turnarounds and maintaining quality. Their services are broad, covering everything from essay writing and proofreading to solving complex problems and even crafting dissertations.

Their pricing is straightforward: starting at $9 for a basic 275-word piece, it can climb to $99 for an urgent six-hour deadline task. For example, a three-page research paper needed in six hours costs $96, but if you give them 24 hours, the price drops to $75.

SpeedyPaper also offers free essay samples on a variety of subjects like Law, Psychology, and Finance, which is a real lifesaver if you’re trying to write a paper on your own and have some time to spare.

The general consensus online seems to agree that SpeedyPaper is reliable and steady—qualities you want in a professional paper writing service that handles your academic needs. They don’t try to dazzle with flashy gimmicks, they just consistently deliver solid work.

From my interactions, the importance of clear communication is clear. When you place an order, you’ll work directly with a writer. It’s crucial to give them all the details up front to ensure the final product meets your expectations. This can really smooth out the whole process.

And while there are loads of glowing reviews on their main page, take it with a grain of salt—no essay writing service online can please everyone, and it’s normal for there to be a mix of opinions.

But if you need a reliable service without over-the-top pricing, SpeedyPaper might just do the trick. They seem to manage well by hiring competent and experienced writers in regions where the cost of living is lower, benefiting everyone involved.

4. EssayPro — Best College Paper Writing Service

Good quality, great value for money;

Unlike other sites on this list, EssayPro allows you to choose the best essay writer yourself by browsing through dozens of writers’ profiles;

Direct communication with the chosen professional;

Free essay originality report available.

Finding an online essay writer for your task can be a time-consuming process.

I recently used EssayPro, an essay writing service that really stands out because of its commitment to quality and originality in everything from college essays to academic research. It’s a great help for students who need support with writing, rewriting, editing, or proofreading their assignments.

EssayPro is a cheap essay writing service that serves students across all academic levels, as well as professionals looking for quick, reliable results. Their team includes specialized professionals with diverse expertise, ensuring that every paper is expertly handled.

You can pick your own essay writer, chat directly with them, and place orders at reasonable prices. They promise a stress-free process with top-notch customer support and deliver quality work fast—sometimes in as little as six hours.

Additionally, EssayPro offers a range of services like case studies, dissertations, and business plans, among others. They provide unique perks like a free originality report, guaranteed anonymity, 24/7 support, and unlimited revisions.

From my experience, what really sets them apart is their transparent approach. You can view detailed profiles of their essay writers online and choose who you want to work with based on a flexible bidding system. This flexibility extends to their pricing, making it easier to work within your budget—unless you’re after the most sought-after professional essay writers, as their fees can go up with demand.

If you’re good at academic writing and looking for freelance opportunities, EssayPro might be worth considering. They manage to keep their rates competitive by handling a large volume of work.

The design of the website is clear and easy to navigate, with a pleasing aesthetic and a straightforward interface. It’s definitely a reliable choice for anyone needing academic writing help.

5. ExpertWriting — Best for Discounts and Bonuses

Reasonable price, good quality;

Great discounts for regular customers, good choice for resellers.

The company doesn’t clearly communicate the fact that some disciplines can cost more than others;

Customer service couldn’t be more responsive.

I’ve used ExpertWriting for various academic assignments, and I’ve found it to be a reliable service. This platform offers a variety of academic writing services, including essay writing, research papers, term papers, and coursework, as well as editing and proofreading to improve your essays.

The process is straightforward. You submit your assignment details, and they quote a rate. If you agree, you gain access to their pool of essay writers and editors who can assist with your writing needs. You’ll receive your completed work by the deadline you set.

ExpertWriting is known for being affordable, which is great for students on a budget. They are often recommended on platforms like Reddit as a cost-effective option without compromising on quality. They also offer discounts for bulk orders, which can help save even more.

I’d particularly recommend ExpertWriting if you’re pressed for time. We’ve all been there—needing to complete a solid piece of academic work in a rush. While their prices go up for tighter deadlines, they manage them well. For example, they can deliver work in as little as three hours, though for more complex papers, more time will naturally be required.

However, it’s wise not to expect miracles for extremely short deadlines, especially for lengthy papers. For a more realistic turnaround, an eight-hour deadline is doable for them without sacrificing the quality too much.

Pricing on ExpertWriting is reasonable. For a less urgent two-week deadline, you’ll pay around $11 per page, which can increase depending on the urgency, academic level, and length of your paper. This is pretty standard across most professional writing services.

Lastly, they don’t just handle essays. You can get help with almost any type of academic writing, including research proposals, creative writing assignments, cover letters, and literature reviews. It’s a versatile platform that can meet various academic needs.

6. ExtraEssay — Best Customer Service

Affordable prices and good quality;

Free, unlimited revisions for 10 days after order delivery;

Exceptional customer service, the customer support team is always ready to help anytime.

Sometimes ExtraEssay fails to meet customers’ deadlines.

I’ve been turning to ExtraEssay for my academic writing needs for a couple of years now, and they’ve been a reliable resource ever since they started up about seven years ago. Their focus is clear—they prioritize attention to detail, reliability, and professionalism.

They offer a broad spectrum of about 20 services, primarily catering to students. You can get anything from basic essays to more specialized documents like resumes and cover letters, all tailored to meet your needs.

What really sets ExtraEssay apart for me is their competitive pricing. It’s rare to find such affordable rates without compromising on quality. The essays and support you receive are absolutely top-tier. Speaking of support, their customer service is remarkable. I’ve had several interactions with their team, and each time they were exceptionally helpful and knowledgeable.

Navigating their website is a breeze too. The homepage is packed with useful information, making it easy for anyone to understand their offerings right off the bat. From a handy price calculator to detailed descriptions of the ordering process, everything is laid out to ensure a smooth user experience.

They don’t just cater to experienced users, and newcomers will find themselves comfortably making their way through the site. They’ve also detailed essential features like free revisions and continuous customer support, which have been lifesavers for me on more than one occasion.

With thousands of clients each year and an 85% return rate, it’s clear they’re doing something right. Their commitment to their customers really shows through in every aspect of their service.

7. GradeMinders — Best for Quick Turnaround

Reputable company, solid and consistent quality;

The fastest college essay service on the market (1-hour turnaround time available);

Finding a writer during crunch season might be time-consuming.

GradeMiners is more expensive than most essay writing sites in the industry.

I’ve been using GradeMiners for a while now, and I have to say, they offer a solid service at a fair price. A high school essay runs about $16 per page, and a college paper is $18 per page. They offer a wide array of professional academic writing services beyond just essays; you can get help with everything from presentations and book reviews to lab reports and dissertations.

The process is straightforward: you go to their website, pick your subject, set your deadline, and the professional writers take it from there. They assure that your paper will be completely original and plagiarism-free, which is crucial.

One of the standout features is their speedy delivery. If you’re pressed for time, you can get a college paper done within an hour—as long as it’s not too long. This frees you up to concentrate on other things that might need more of your attention or are more appealing to you.

8. EssayTerritory — Best New Essay Writing Company

Good quality, fair price;

Great loyalty program, good choice for students who are looking to use this site regularly;

Exceptional customer service.

No sample essays available;

Plagiarism report doesn’t come for free;

Expensive extras.

I recently tried out EssayTerritory, a new but promising college paper writing service. It was easy to find an essay writer that matched my specific needs, and the platform has a roster of over 800 active paper writers. They’ve already completed more than 1300 orders, which is impressive for a newcomer.

What stands out most about EssayTerritory is their 98% satisfaction rate. It seems they really know how to please their customers, as about 85% of users return for more academic papers. They offer a plagiarism-free guarantee like many top essay writing services, and they’ll give you a full refund if they miss your deadline or if your work contains plagiarism.

You can order various assignments from them—essays, research papers, case studies, term papers, dissertations, and even help with presentations or speeches if that’s what you need. They also provide proofreading and editing services.

Privacy and confidentiality are top priorities for them. They ensure that every “write my essay” request is kept anonymous and your personal details are secure. They have robust measures in place to prevent any data leaks. This level of security gave me a lot of confidence in using their essay writer service.

FAQs About Best Paper Writing Services

Should i trust essay writing service reviews.

Trusting essay writing service reviews can be tricky. Unfortunately, some companies that offer a custom essay writing service also operate fake review sites to maintain a positive online reputation. This means you need to be cautious about where you look for reviews.

For more reliable information, it’s better to use independent review platforms like SiteJabber and Reviews.io. These sites are generally more trustworthy because they’re not directly affiliated with any essay writing services.

However, even with these platforms, it’s wise to approach reviews with a critical eye. Some dedicated essay writing review sites might have biases or hidden motives, so take their recommendations with skepticism and always cross-reference multiple sources if possible.

How long does it take to have my essay written for me?

Essay writers generally focus on producing high-quality work, and the time it takes to write an essay largely depends on its length. For a standard 275-word essay, the average turnaround is about 3 hours. Most essay writing services strive to meet these deadlines consistently.

If you’re in a rush and your deadline is just a few hours away, you can opt for a premium service. This usually involves having several top-rated writers collaborate to deliver your essay in about half the standard time.

It’s worth noting that the best college paper writing services might experience delays during peak times when demand is high. Typically, they recommend giving writers at least six hours to complete an essay. If you’re willing to pay extra, your order can be prioritized to ensure a faster delivery.

For more complex assignments like thesis papers or extensive research projects, the process can take up to five days. Writers often submit a partial draft by the second day for client feedback, allowing any revisions to be included in the final submission by day five.

Will my essay be written by a professional essay writer?

Picking a reliable essay writing website is crucial for ensuring the safety, confidentiality, and quality of the service.

When hiring writers, most companies put them through a rigorous vetting process. They typically require that writers have native or near-native proficiency in the language they’ll be writing in, along with a relevant degree from an accredited university.

Once hired, these writers undergo further training on the platform to polish their linguistic and formatting skills. They only start working on actual assignments once their writing meets the company’s professional standards.

The best writing services take extra steps to maintain high-quality standards. For example, every piece of work is checked by a moderator before it goes to the client. Writers are also provided with ongoing opportunities to enhance their skills within the company’s supportive environment.

The person who is labeled as a premium paper writer often has more experience and higher qualifications, like a Ph.D., and at least two years of writing experience. While their services cost a bit more, the quality they deliver usually makes the investment worthwhile.

Is using a paper writing service confidential and safe?

The internet is a vast resource where people often share their knowledge, which is a huge help, especially for college students working on their homework. It’s also completely legal and secure to purchase essays and custom papers online if you need them. However, it’s crucial to choose a reputable provider to avoid issues like plagiarism or low-quality work, which could waste your time, money, and effort.

I’ve found that doing your homework on these services is essential. Make sure to look at the company’s refund policy in case you’re not satisfied with their work, and confirm that they’ll keep your school’s name confidential. It’s also a good idea to check reviews of their past work to see if it’s well-written and structurally sound.

From my experience, as long as you do this research beforehand, buying essays online can be a safe option that keeps your details private. Just be vigilant to avoid scams.

What if I’m not satisfied with my paper?

Most top-rated essay writing companies strive to deliver excellent quality, because they want their customers to come back. They have skilled writers who are well-versed in various academic tasks, including essays, lab reports, and research papers. They work hard to produce top-quality work.

If there are any issues with the finished product, these services usually offer free revisions until you’re satisfied with the quality. Client satisfaction is a high priority for these companies, driven by stiff market competition. The goal is to deliver a flawless paper that helps you achieve a high grade.

What are the main drawbacks of using essay writing services?

For many students, using essay writing services is considered a luxury, primarily because the reputable ones that offer great reviews, unlimited revisions, and maintain confidentiality tend to be more expensive. Opting for cheap essay writing services often means risking quality and reliability, especially when it comes to meeting deadlines.

Plagiarism is another serious issue. Both intentional and unintentional plagiarism can occur, particularly with services that don’t carefully vet their writers. Sometimes, clients don’t discover the plagiarism until it’s too late to rewrite the paper and meet their deadline.

Moreover, if an essay writing company lacks a quality control team, the work submitted by writers might be subpar, filled with typos and grammatical errors. Some writers might also resist feedback, making it hard to get the necessary revisions to ensure the essay meets your standards.

Who will write my work and what determines the price?

Your assignment will be handled by writers with diverse backgrounds. Some are full-time professionals dedicated solely to writing, while others are former academics who’ve embraced the flexibility of working from home. There are also those who write as a side job.

Regarding pricing, we’ve discussed the main factors in our article: the length of the assignment, its complexity, and the deadline. Another element influencing cost is the location of the company. Businesses based in regions like Eastern Europe, North Africa, and Central Asia often have lower rates because the cost of living is lower there, making the dollar stretch further.

Comparison of the Top Paper Writing Services

#1. paperhelp 🏅.

Academic papers written from scratch by writers with Ph.D. and Master’s degrees;

No need to provide any personal information;

Reasonable price, great quality, plagiarism-free papers.

#2. BBQPapers 🥈

Premium quality, best writers in the industry;

On-time delivery guarantee, even on rush orders;

Free revisions.

#3. EssayPro 🥉

Good quality at a reasonable price (ENL writers);

Free plagiarism report;

Good reputation.

Best Essay Services: Conclusion

Working with a professional essay writing service is important not only for the quality of the work you’ll receive but also for the security of your personal details. Many students turn to these services when they’re pressed for time and need to complete their academic tasks—there’s nothing wrong with this approach.

Today, numerous legitimate essay writing services uphold high standards of academic integrity and deliver plagiarism-free papers. These paper writing websites are generally affordable for most students, although there are some exceptions.

Before placing an order, it’s important to do your homework. Check the company’s reviews, find out if it offers a refund policy, and look into its track record on past projects. A reliable service will prioritize your confidentiality, which is a vital consideration.

The news and editorial staff of the Santa Cruz Sentinel had no role in this post’s preparation. This is a paid advertisement and does not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Santa Cruz Sentinel, its employees, or subsidiaries.

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2024 Update of Resource Adequacy of the Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust and the Debt Relief Trusts

Publication Date:

April 25, 2024

Electronic Access:

Free Download . Use the free Adobe Acrobat Reader to view this PDF file

This paper provides an update of the adequacy of the resources of the Fund’s Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust (PRGT) and the debt relief trusts. Demand for PRGT loans continued to exceed earlier projections. Total PRGT credit outstanding reached SDR 18.3 billion at end-2023, or three times the pre-pandemic average. PRGT fundraising targets under the 2021 two-stage funding strategy to support LICs during the pandemic and beyond were met. Work is underway to implement the pledges. Ensuring PRGT long-term sustainability is a priority, and balancing a level of PRGT lending that meets the demand from eligible countries while ensuring the long-term sustainability of the Trust will be taken up in the ongoing PRGT Review. The Catastrophe Containment and Relief Trust (CCRT) remains severely underfunded, after providing debt relief to the IMF’s poorest and most vulnerable members during 2020–22. The Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative is nearly complete. Somalia reached its Completion Point under the HIPC Initiative in December 2023, while Sudan’s prospects for reaching its HIPC Completion Point remain uncertain owing to domestic developments.

Policy Paper No. 2024/021

Monetary policy Political economy

9798400274374/2663-3493

PPEA2024021

Please address any questions about this title to [email protected]

Open access
Published: 23 April 2024

Designing feedback processes in the workplace-based learning of undergraduate health professions education: a scoping review

Javiera Fuentes-Cimma 1 , 2 ,
Dominique Sluijsmans 3 ,
Arnoldo Riquelme 4 ,
Ignacio Villagran ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-3130-8326 1 ,
Lorena Isbej ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-4272-8484 2 , 5 ,
María Teresa Olivares-Labbe 6 &
Sylvia Heeneman 7

BMC Medical Education volume 24 , Article number: 440 ( 2024 ) Cite this article

130 Accesses

Metrics details

Feedback processes are crucial for learning, guiding improvement, and enhancing performance. In workplace-based learning settings, diverse teaching and assessment activities are advocated to be designed and implemented, generating feedback that students use, with proper guidance, to close the gap between current and desired performance levels. Since productive feedback processes rely on observed information regarding a student's performance, it is imperative to establish structured feedback activities within undergraduate workplace-based learning settings. However, these settings are characterized by their unpredictable nature, which can either promote learning or present challenges in offering structured learning opportunities for students. This scoping review maps literature on how feedback processes are organised in undergraduate clinical workplace-based learning settings, providing insight into the design and use of feedback.

A scoping review was conducted. Studies were identified from seven databases and ten relevant journals in medical education. The screening process was performed independently in duplicate with the support of the StArt program. Data were organized in a data chart and analyzed using thematic analysis. The feedback loop with a sociocultural perspective was used as a theoretical framework.

The search yielded 4,877 papers, and 61 were included in the review. Two themes were identified in the qualitative analysis: (1) The organization of the feedback processes in workplace-based learning settings, and (2) Sociocultural factors influencing the organization of feedback processes. The literature describes multiple teaching and assessment activities that generate feedback information. Most papers described experiences and perceptions of diverse teaching and assessment feedback activities. Few studies described how feedback processes improve performance. Sociocultural factors such as establishing a feedback culture, enabling stable and trustworthy relationships, and enhancing student feedback agency are crucial for productive feedback processes.

Conclusions

This review identified concrete ideas regarding how feedback could be organized within the clinical workplace to promote feedback processes. The feedback encounter should be organized to allow follow-up of the feedback, i.e., working on required learning and performance goals at the next occasion. The educational programs should design feedback processes by appropriately planning subsequent tasks and activities. More insight is needed in designing a full-loop feedback process, in which specific attention is needed in effective feedforward practices.

Peer Review reports

The design of effective feedback processes in higher education has been important for educators and researchers and has prompted numerous publications discussing potential mechanisms, theoretical frameworks, and best practice examples over the past few decades. Initially, research on feedback primarily focused more on teachers and feedback delivery, and students were depicted as passive feedback recipients [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. The feedback conversation has recently evolved to a more dynamic emphasis on interaction, sense-making, outcomes in actions, and engagement with learners [ 2 ]. This shift aligns with utilizing the feedback process as a form of social interaction or dialogue to enhance performance [ 4 ]. Henderson et al. (2019) defined feedback processes as "where the learner makes sense of performance-relevant information to promote their learning." (p. 17). When a student grasps the information concerning their performance in connection to the desired learning outcome and subsequently takes suitable action, a feedback loop is closed so the process can be regarded as successful [ 5 , 6 ].

Hattie and Timperley (2007) proposed a comprehensive perspective on feedback, the so-called feedback loop, to answer three key questions: “Where am I going? “How am I going?” and “Where to next?” [ 7 ]. Each question represents a key dimension of the feedback loop. The first is the feed-up, which consists of setting learning goals and sharing clear objectives of learners' performance expectations. While the concept of the feed-up might not be consistently included in the literature, it is considered to be related to principles of effective feedback and goal setting within educational contexts [ 7 , 8 ]. Goal setting allows students to focus on tasks and learning, and teachers to have clear intended learning outcomes to enable the design of aligned activities and tasks in which feedback processes can be embedded [ 9 ]. Teachers can improve the feed-up dimension by proposing clear, challenging, but achievable goals [ 7 ]. The second dimension of the feedback loop focuses on feedback and aims to answer the second question by obtaining information about students' current performance. Different teaching and assessment activities can be used to obtain feedback information, and it can be provided by a teacher or tutor, a peer, oneself, a patient, or another coworker. The last dimension of the feedback loop is the feedforward, which is specifically associated with using feedback to improve performance or change behaviors [ 10 ]. Feedforward is crucial in closing the loop because it refers to those specific actions students must take to reduce the gap between current and desired performance [ 7 ].

From a sociocultural perspective, feedback processes involve a social practice consisting of intricate relationships within a learning context [ 11 ]. The main feature of this approach is that students learn from feedback only when the feedback encounter includes generating, making sense of, and acting upon the information given [ 11 ]. In the context of workplace-based learning (WBL), actionable feedback plays a crucial role in enabling learners to leverage specific feedback to enhance their performance, skills, and conceptual understandings. The WBL environment provides students with a valuable opportunity to gain hands-on experience in authentic clinical settings, in which students work more independently on real-world tasks, allowing them to develop and exhibit their competencies [ 3 ]. However, WBL settings are characterized by their unpredictable nature, which can either promote self-directed learning or present challenges in offering structured learning opportunities for students [ 12 ]. Consequently, designing purposive feedback opportunities within WBL settings is a significant challenge for clinical teachers and faculty.

In undergraduate clinical education, feedback opportunities are often constrained due to the emphasis on clinical work and the absence of dedicated time for teaching [ 13 ]. Students are expected to perform autonomously under supervision, ideally achieved by giving them space to practice progressively and providing continuous instances of constructive feedback [ 14 ]. However, the hierarchy often present in clinical settings places undergraduate students in a dependent position, below residents and specialists [ 15 ]. Undergraduate or junior students may have different approaches to receiving and using feedback. If their priority is meeting the minimum standards given pass-fail consequences and acting merely as feedback recipients, other incentives may be needed to engage with the feedback processes because they will need more learning support [ 16 , 17 ]. Adequate supervision and feedback have been recognized as vital educational support in encouraging students to adopt a constructive learning approach [ 18 ]. Given that productive feedback processes rely on observed information regarding a student's performance, it is imperative to establish structured teaching and learning feedback activities within undergraduate WBL settings.

Despite the extensive research on feedback, a significant proportion of published studies involve residents or postgraduate students [ 19 , 20 ]. Recent reviews focusing on feedback interventions within medical education have clearly distinguished between undergraduate medical students and residents or fellows [ 21 ]. To gain a comprehensive understanding of initiatives related to actionable feedback in the WBL environment for undergraduate health professions, a scoping review of the existing literature could provide insight into how feedback processes are designed in that context. Accordingly, the present scoping review aims to answer the following research question: How are the feedback processes designed in the undergraduate health professions' workplace-based learning environments?

A scoping review was conducted using the five-step methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005) [ 22 ], intertwined with the PRISMA checklist extension for scoping reviews to provide reporting guidance for this specific type of knowledge synthesis [ 23 ]. Scoping reviews allow us to study the literature without restricting the methodological quality of the studies found, systematically and comprehensively map the literature, and identify gaps [ 24 ]. Furthermore, a scoping review was used because this topic is not suitable for a systematic review due to the varied approaches described and the large difference in the methodologies used [ 21 ].

Search strategy

With the collaboration of a medical librarian, the authors used the research question to guide the search strategy. An initial meeting was held to define keywords and search resources. The proposed search strategy was reviewed by the research team, and then the study selection was conducted in two steps:

An online database search included Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, ERIC, and PsycINFO.

A directed search of ten relevant journals in the health sciences education field (Academic Medicine, Medical Education, Advances in Health Sciences Education, Medical Teacher, Teaching and Learning in Medicine, Journal of Surgical Education, BMC Medical Education, Medical Education Online, Perspectives on Medical Education and The Clinical Teacher) was performed.

The research team conducted a pilot or initial search before the full search to identify if the topic was susceptible to a scoping review. The full search was conducted in November 2022. One team member (MO) identified the papers in the databases. JF searched in the selected journals. Authors included studies written in English due to feasibility issues, with no time span limitation. After eliminating duplicates, two research team members (JF and IV) independently reviewed all the titles and abstracts using the exclusion and inclusion criteria described in Table 2 and with the support of the screening application StArT [ 25 ]. A third team member (AR) reviewed the titles and abstracts when the first two disagreed. The reviewer team met again at a midpoint and final stage to discuss the challenges related to study selection. Articles included for full-text review were exported to Mendeley. JF independently screened all full-text papers, and AR verified 10% for inclusion. The authors did not analyze study quality or risk of bias during study selection, which is consistent with conducting a scoping review.

The analysis of the results incorporated a descriptive summary and a thematic analysis, which was carried out to clarify and give consistency to the results' reporting [ 22 , 24 , 26 ]. Quantitative data were analyzed to report the characteristics of the studies, populations, settings, methods, and outcomes. Qualitative data were labeled, coded, and categorized into themes by three team members (JF, SH, and DS). The feedback loop framework with a sociocultural perspective was used as the theoretical framework to analyze the results.

The keywords used for the search strategies were as follows:

Clinical clerkship; feedback; formative feedback; health professions; undergraduate medical education; workplace.

Definitions of the keywords used for the present review are available in Appendix 1 .

As an example, we included the search strategy that we used in the Medline/PubMed database when conducting the full search:

("Formative Feedback"[Mesh] OR feedback) AND ("Workplace"[Mesh] OR workplace OR "Clinical Clerkship"[Mesh] OR clerkship) AND (("Education, Medical, Undergraduate"[Mesh] OR undergraduate health profession*) OR (learner* medical education)).

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

The following inclusion and exclusion criteria were used (Table 1 ):

Data extraction

The research group developed a data-charting form to organize the information obtained from the studies. The process was iterative, as the data chart was continuously reviewed and improved as necessary. In addition, following Levac et al.'s recommendation (2010), the three members involved in the charting process (JF, LI, and IV) independently reviewed the first five selected studies to determine whether the data extraction was consistent with the objectives of this scoping review and to ensure consistency. Then, the team met using web-conferencing software (Zoom; CA, USA) to review the results and adjust any details in the chart. The same three members extracted data independently from all the selected studies, considering two members reviewing each paper [ 26 ]. A third team member was consulted if any conflict occurred when extracting data. The data chart identified demographic patterns and facilitated the data synthesis. To organize data, we used a shared Excel spreadsheet, considering the following headings: title, author(s), year of publication, journal/source, country/origin, aim of the study, research question (if any), population/sample size, participants, discipline, setting, methodology, study design, data collection, data analysis, intervention, outcomes, outcomes measure, key findings, and relation of findings to research question.

Additionally, all the included papers were uploaded to AtlasTi v19 to facilitate the qualitative analysis. Three team members (JF, SH, and DS) independently coded the first six papers to create a list of codes to ensure consistency and rigor. The group met several times to discuss and refine the list of codes. Then, one member of the team (JF) used the code list to code all the rest of the papers. Once all papers were coded, the team organized codes into descriptive themes aligned with the research question.

Preliminary results were shared with a number of stakeholders (six clinical teachers, ten students, six medical educators) to elicit their opinions as an opportunity to build on the evidence and offer a greater level of meaning, content expertise, and perspective to the preliminary findings [ 26 ]. No quality appraisal of the studies is considered for this scoping review, which aligns with the frameworks for guiding scoping reviews [ 27 ].

The datasets analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

A database search resulted in 3,597 papers, and the directed search of the most relevant journals in the health sciences education field yielded 2,096 titles. An example of the results of one database is available in Appendix 2 . Of the titles obtained, 816 duplicates were eliminated, and the team reviewed the titles and abstracts of 4,877 papers. Of these, 120 were selected for full-text review. Finally, 61 papers were included in this scoping review (Fig. 1 ), as listed in Table 2 .

PRISMA flow diagram for included studies, incorporating records identified through the database and direct searching

The selected studies were published between 1986 and 2022, and seventy-five percent (46) were published during the last decade. Of all the articles included in this review, 13% (8) were literature reviews: one integrative review [ 28 ] and four scoping reviews [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Finally, fifty-three (87%) original or empirical papers were included (i.e., studies that answered a research question or achieved a research purpose through qualitative or quantitative methodologies) [ 15 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 ].

Table 2 summarizes the papers included in the present scoping review, and Table 3 describes the characteristics of the included studies.

The thematic analysis resulted in two themes: (1) the organization of feedback processes in WBL settings, and (2) sociocultural factors influencing the organization of feedback processes. Table 4 gives a summary of the themes and subthemes.

Organization of feedback processes in WBL settings.

Setting learning goals (i.e., feed-up dimension).

Feedback that focuses on students' learning needs and is based on known performance standards enhances student response and setting learning goals [ 30 ]. Discussing goals and agreements before starting clinical practice enhances students' feedback-seeking behavior [ 39 ] and responsiveness to feedback [ 83 ]. Farrell et al. (2017) found that teacher-learner co-constructed learning goals enhance feedback interactions and help establish educational alliances, improving the learning experience [ 50 ]. However, Kiger (2020) found that sharing individualized learning plans with teachers aligned feedback with learning goals but did not improve students' perceived use of feedback [ 64 ]

Two papers of this set pointed out the importance of goal-oriented feedback, a dynamic process that depends on discussion of goal setting between teachers and students [ 50 ] and influences how individuals experience, approach, and respond to upcoming learning activities [ 34 ]. Goal-oriented feedback should be embedded in the learning experience of the clinical workplace, as it can enhance students' engagement in safe feedback dialogues [ 50 ]. Ideally, each feedback encounter in the WBL context should conclude, in addition to setting a plan of action to achieve the desired goal, with a reflection on the next goal [ 50 ].

Feedback strategies within the WBL environment. (i.e., feedback dimension)

In undergraduate WBL environments, there are several tasks and feedback opportunities organized in the undergraduate clinical workplace that can enable feedback processes:

Questions from clinical teachers to students are a feedback strategy [ 74 ]. There are different types of questions that the teacher can use, either to clarify concepts, to reach the correct answer, or to facilitate self-correction [ 74 ]. Usually, questions can be used in conjunction with other communication strategies, such as pauses, which enable self-correction by the student [ 74 ]. Students can also ask questions to obtain feedback on their performance [ 54 ]. However, question-and-answer as a feedback strategy usually provides information on either correct or incorrect answers and fewer suggestions for improvement, rendering it less constructive as a feedback strategy [ 82 ].

Direct observation of performance by default is needed to be able to provide information to be used as input in the feedback process [ 33 , 46 , 49 , 86 ]. In the process of observation, teachers can include clarification of objectives (i.e., feed-up dimension) and suggestions for an action plan (i.e., feedforward) [ 50 ]. Accordingly, Schopper et al. (2016) showed that students valued being observed while interviewing patients, as they received feedback that helped them become more efficient and effective as interviewers and communicators [ 33 ]. Moreover, it is widely described that direct observation improves feedback credibility [ 33 , 40 , 84 ]. Ideally, observation should be deliberate [ 33 , 83 ], informal or spontaneous [ 33 ], conducted by a (clinical) expert [ 46 , 86 ], provided immediately after the observation, and clinical teacher if possible, should schedule or be alert on follow-up observations to promote closing the gap between current and desired performance [ 46 ].

Workplace-based assessments (WBAs), by definition, entail direct observation of performance during authentic task demonstration [ 39 , 46 , 56 , 87 ]. WBAs can significantly impact behavioral change in medical students [ 55 ]. Organizing and designing formative WBAs and embedding these in a feedback dialogue is essential for effective learning [ 31 ].

Summative organization of WBAs is a well described barrier for feedback uptake in the clinical workplace [ 35 , 46 ]. If feedback is perceived as summative, or organized as a pass-fail decision, students may be less inclined to use the feedback for future learning [ 52 ]. According to Schopper et al. (2016), using a scale within a WBA makes students shift their focus during the clinical interaction and see it as an assessment with consequences [ 33 ]. Harrison et al. (2016) pointed out that an environment that only contains assessments with a summative purpose will not lead to a culture of learning and improving performance [ 56 ]. The recommendation is to separate the formative and summative WBAs, as feedback in summative instances is often not recognized as a learning opportunity or an instance to seek feedback [ 54 ]. In terms of the design, an organizational format is needed to clarify to students how formative assessments can promote learning from feedback [ 56 ]. Harrison et al. (2016) identified that enabling students to have more control over their assessments, designing authentic assessments, and facilitating long-term mentoring could improve receptivity to formative assessment feedback [ 56 ].

Multiple WBA instruments and systems are reported in the literature. Sox et al. (2014) used a detailed evaluation form to help students improve their clinical case presentation skills. They found that feedback on oral presentations provided by supervisors using a detailed evaluation form improved clerkship students’ oral presentation skills [ 78 ]. Daelmans et al. (2006) suggested that a formal in-training assessment programme composed by 19 assessments that provided structured feedback, could promote observation and verbal feedback opportunities through frequent assessments [ 43 ]. However, in this setting, limited student-staff interactions still hindered feedback follow-up [ 43 ]. Designing frequent WBA improves feedback credibility [ 28 ]. Long et al. (2021) emphasized that students' responsiveness to assessment feedback hinges on its perceived credibility, underlining the importance of credibility for students to effectively engage and improve their performance [ 31 ].

The mini-CEX is one of the most widely described WBA instruments in the literature. Students perceive that the mini-CEX allows them to be observed and encourages the development of interviewing skills [ 33 ]. The mini-CEX can provide feedback that improves students' clinical skills [ 58 , 60 ], as it incorporates a structure for discussing the student's strengths and weaknesses and the design of a written action plan [ 39 , 80 ]. When mini-CEXs are incorporated as part of a system of WBA, such as programmatic assessment, students feel confident in seeking feedback after observation, and being systematic allows for follow-up [ 39 ]. Students suggested separating grading from observation and using the mini-CEX in more informal situations [ 33 ].

Clinical encounter cards allow students to receive weekly feedback and make them request more feedback as the clerkship progresses [ 65 ]. Moreover, encounter cards stimulate that feedback is given by supervisors, and students are more satisfied with the feedback process [ 72 ]. With encounter card feedback, students are responsible for asking a supervisor for feedback before a clinical encounter, and supervisors give students written and verbal comments about their performance after the encounter [ 42 , 72 ]. Encounter cards enhance the use of feedback and add approximately one minute to the length of the clinical encounter, so they are well accepted by students and supervisors [ 72 ]. Bennett (2006) identified that Instant Feedback Cards (IFC) facilitated mid-rotation feedback [ 38 ]. Feedback encounter card comments must be discussed between students and supervisors; otherwise, students may perceive it as impersonal, static, formulaic, and incomplete [ 59 ].

Self-assessments can change students' feedback orientation, transforming them into coproducers of learning [ 68 ]. Self-assessments promote the feedback process [ 68 ]. Some articles emphasize the importance of organizing self-assessments before receiving feedback from supervisors, for example, discussing their appraisal with the supervisor [ 46 , 52 ]. In designing a feedback encounter, starting with a self-assessment as feed-up, discussing with the supervisor, and identifying areas for improvement is recommended, as part of the feedback dialogue [ 68 ].

Peer feedback as an organized activity allows students to develop strategies to observe and give feedback to other peers [ 61 ]. Students can act as the feedback provider or receiver, fostering understanding of critical comments and promoting evaluative judgment for their clinical practice [ 61 ]. Within clerkships, enabling the sharing of feedback information among peers allows for a better understanding and acceptance of feedback [ 52 ]. However, students can find it challenging to take on the peer assessor/feedback provider role, as they prefer to avoid social conflicts [ 28 , 61 ]. Moreover, it has been described that they do not trust the judgment of their peers because they are not experts, although they know the procedures, tasks, and steps well and empathize with their peer status in the learning process [ 61 ].

Bedside-teaching encounters (BTEs) provide timely feedback and are an opportunity for verbal feedback during performance [ 74 ]. Rizan et al. (2014) explored timely feedback delivered within BTEs and determined that it promotes interaction that constructively enhances learner development through various corrective strategies (e.g., question and answers, pauses, etc.). However, if the feedback given during the BTEs was general, unspecific, or open-ended, it could go unnoticed [ 74 ]. Torre et al. (2005) investigated which integrated feedback activities and clinical tasks occurred on clerkship rotations and assessed students' perceived quality in each teaching encounter [ 81 ]. The feedback activities reported were feedback on written clinical history, physical examination, differential diagnosis, oral case presentation, a daily progress note, and bedside feedback. Students considered all these feedback activities high-quality learning opportunities, but they were more likely to receive feedback when teaching was at the bedside than at other teaching locations [ 81 ].

Case presentations are an opportunity for feedback within WBL contexts [ 67 , 73 ]. However, both students and supervisors struggled to identify them as feedback moments, and they often dismissed questions and clarifications around case presentations as feedback [ 73 ]. Joshi (2017) identified case presentations as a way for students to ask for informal or spontaneous supervisor feedback [ 63 ].

Organization of follow-up feedback and action plans (i.e., feedforward dimension).

Feedback that generates use and response from students is characterized by two-way communication and embedded in a dialogue [ 30 ]. Feedback must be future-focused [ 29 ], and a feedback encounter should be followed by planning the next observation [ 46 , 87 ]. Follow-up feedback could be organized as a future self-assessment, reflective practice by the student, and/or a discussion with the supervisor or coach [ 68 ]. The literature describes that a lack of student interaction with teachers makes follow-up difficult [ 43 ]. According to Haffling et al. (2011), follow-up feedback sessions improve students' satisfaction with feedback compared to students who do not have follow-up sessions. In addition, these same authors reported that a second follow-up session allows verification of improved performances or confirmation that the skill was acquired [ 55 ].

Although feedback encounter forms are a recognized way of obtaining information about performance (i.e., feedback dimension), the literature does not provide many clear examples of how they may impact the feedforward phase. For example, Joshi et al. (2016) consider a feedback form with four fields (i.e., what did you do well, advise the student on what could be done to improve performance, indicate the level of proficiency, and personal details of the tutor). In this case, the supervisor highlighted what the student could improve but not how, which is the missing phase of the co-constructed action plan [ 63 ]. Whichever WBA instrument is used in clerkships to provide feedback, it should include a "next steps" box [ 44 ], and it is recommended to organize a long-term use of the WBA instrument so that those involved get used to it and improve interaction and feedback uptake [ 55 ]. RIME-based feedback (Reporting, Interpreting, Managing, Educating) is considered an interesting example, as it is perceived as helpful to students in knowing what they need to improve in their performance [ 44 ]. Hochberg (2017) implemented formative mid-clerkship assessments to enhance face-to-face feedback conversations and co-create an improvement plan [ 59 ]. Apps for structuring and storing feedback improve the amount of verbal and written feedback. In the study of Joshi et al. (2016), a reasonable proportion of students (64%) perceived that these app tools help them improve their performance during rotations [ 63 ].

Several studies indicate that an action plan as part of the follow-up feedback is essential for performance improvement and learning [ 46 , 55 , 60 ]. An action plan corresponds to an agreed-upon strategy for improving, confirming, or correcting performance. Bing-You et al. (2017) determined that only 12% of the articles included in their scoping review incorporated an action plan for learners [ 32 ]. Holmboe et al. (2004) reported that only 11% of the feedback sessions following a mini-CEX included an action plan [ 60 ]. Suhoyo et al. (2017) also reported that only 55% of mini-CEX encounters contained an action plan [ 80 ]. Other authors reported that action plans are not commonly offered during feedback encounters [ 77 ]. Sokol-Hessner et al. (2010) implemented feedback card comments with a space to provide written feedback and a specific action plan. In their results, 96% contained positive comments, and only 5% contained constructive comments [ 77 ]. In summary, although the recommendation is to include a “next step” box in the feedback instruments, evidence shows these items are not often used for constructive comments or action plans.

Sociocultural factors influencing the organization of feedback processes.

Multiple sociocultural factors influence interaction in feedback encounters, promoting or hampering the productivity of the feedback processes.

Clinical learning culture

Context impacts feedback processes [ 30 , 82 ], and there are barriers to incorporating actionable feedback in the clinical learning context. The clinical learning culture is partly determined by the clinical context, which can be unpredictable [ 29 , 46 , 68 ], as the available patients determine learning opportunities. Supervisors are occupied by a high workload, which results in limited time or priority for teaching [ 35 , 46 , 48 , 55 , 68 , 83 ], hindering students’ feedback-seeking behavior [ 54 ], and creating a challenge for the balance between patient care and student mentoring [ 35 ].

Clinical workplace culture does not always purposefully prioritize instances for feedback processes [ 83 , 84 ]. This often leads to limited direct observation [ 55 , 68 ] and the provision of poorly informed feedback. It is also evident that this affects trust between clinical teachers and students [ 52 ]. Supervisors consider feedback a low priority in clinical contexts [ 35 ] due to low compensation and lack of protected time [ 83 ]. In particular, lack of time appears to be the most significant and well-known barrier to frequent observation and workplace feedback [ 35 , 43 , 48 , 62 , 67 , 83 ].

The clinical environment is hierarchical [ 68 , 80 ] and can make students not consider themselves part of the team and feel like a burden to their supervisor [ 68 ]. This hierarchical learning environment can lead to unidirectional feedback, limit dialogue during feedback processes, and hinder the seeking, uptake, and use of feedback [ 67 , 68 ]. In a learning culture where feedback is not supported, learners are less likely to want to seek it and feel motivated and engaged in their learning [ 83 ]. Furthermore, it has been identified that clinical supervisors lack the motivation to teach [ 48 ] and the intention to observe or reobserve performance [ 86 ].

In summary, the clinical context and WBL culture do not fully use the potential of a feedback process aimed at closing learning gaps. However, concrete actions shown in the literature can be taken to improve the effectiveness of feedback by organizing the learning context. For example, McGinness et al. (2022) identified that students felt more receptive to feedback when working in a safe, nonjudgmental environment [ 67 ]. Moreover, supervisors and trainees identified the learning culture as key to establishing an open feedback dialogue [ 73 ]. Students who perceive culture as supportive and formative can feel more comfortable performing tasks and more willing to receive feedback [ 73 ].

Relationships

There is a consensus in the literature that trusting and long-term relationships improve the chances of actionable feedback. However, relationships between supervisors and students in the clinical workplace are often brief and not organized as more longitudinally [ 68 , 83 ], leaving little time to establish a trustful relationship [ 68 ]. Supervisors change continuously, resulting in short interactions that limit the creation of lasting relationships over time [ 50 , 68 , 83 ]. In some contexts, it is common for a student to have several supervisors who have their own standards in the observation of performance [ 46 , 56 , 68 , 83 ]. A lack of stable relationships results in students having little engagement in feedback [ 68 ]. Furthermore, in case of summative assessment programmes, the dual role of supervisors (i.e., assessing and giving feedback) makes feedback interactions perceived as summative and can complicate the relationship [ 83 ].

Repeatedly, the articles considered in this review describe that long-term and stable relationships enable the development of trust and respect [ 35 , 62 ] and foster feedback-seeking behavior [ 35 , 67 ] and feedback-giver behavior [ 39 ]. Moreover, constructive and positive relationships enhance students´ use of and response to feedback [ 30 ]. For example, Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships (LICs) promote stable relationships, thus enhancing the impact of feedback [ 83 ]. In a long-term trusting relationship, feedback can be straightforward and credible [ 87 ], there are more opportunities for student observation, and the likelihood of follow-up and actionable feedback improves [ 83 ]. Johnson et al. (2020) pointed out that within a clinical teacher-student relationship, the focus must be on establishing psychological safety; thus, the feedback conversations might be transformed [ 62 ].

Stable relationships enhance feedback dialogues, which offer an opportunity to co-construct learning and propose and negotiate aspects of the design of learning strategies [ 62 ].

Students as active agents in the feedback processes

The feedback response learners generate depends on the type of feedback information they receive, how credible the source of feedback information is, the relationship between the receiver and the giver, and the relevance of the information delivered [ 49 ]. Garino (2020) noted that students who are most successful in using feedback are those who do not take criticism personally, who understand what they need to improve and know they can do so, who value and feel meaning in criticism, are not surprised to receive it, and who are motivated to seek new feedback and use effective learning strategies [ 52 ]. Successful users of feedback ask others for help, are intentional about their learning, know what resources to use and when to use them, listen to and understand a message, value advice, and use effective learning strategies. They regulate their emotions, find meaning in the message, and are willing to change [ 52 ].

Student self-efficacy influences the understanding and use of feedback in the clinical workplace. McGinness et al. (2022) described various positive examples of self-efficacy regarding feedback processes: planning feedback meetings with teachers, fostering good relationships with the clinical team, demonstrating interest in assigned tasks, persisting in seeking feedback despite the patient workload, and taking advantage of opportunities for feedback, e.g., case presentations [ 67 ].

When students are encouraged to seek feedback aligned with their own learning objectives, they promote feedback information specific to what they want to learn and improve and enhance the use of feedback [ 53 ]. McGinness et al. (2022) identified that the perceived relevance of feedback information influenced the use of feedback because students were more likely to ask for feedback if they perceived that the information was useful to them. For example, if students feel part of the clinical team and participate in patient care, they are more likely to seek feedback [ 17 ].

Learning-oriented students aim to seek feedback to achieve clinical competence at the expected level [ 75 ]; they focus on improving their knowledge and skills and on professional development [ 17 ]. Performance-oriented students aim not to fail and to avoid negative feedback [ 17 , 75 ].

For effective feedback processes, including feed-up, feedback, and feedforward, the student must be feedback-oriented, i.e., active, seeking, listening to, interpreting, and acting on feedback [ 68 ]. The literature shows that feedback-oriented students are coproducers of learning [ 68 ] and are more involved in the feedback process [ 51 ]. Additionally, students who are metacognitively aware of their learning process are more likely to use feedback to reduce gaps in learning and performance [ 52 ]. For this, students must recognize feedback when it occurs and understand it when they receive it. Thus, it is important to organize training and promote feedback literacy so that students understand what feedback is, act on it, and improve the quality of feedback and their learning plans [ 68 ].

Table 5 summarizes those feedback tasks, activities, and key features of organizational aspects that enable each phase of the feedback loop based on the literature review.

The present scoping review identified 61 papers that mapped the literature on feedback processes in the WBL environments of undergraduate health professions. This review explored how feedback processes are organized in these learning contexts using the feedback loop framework. Given the specific characteristics of feedback processes in undergraduate clinical learning, three main findings were identified on how feedback processes are being conducted in the clinical environment and how these processes could be organized to support feedback processes.

First, the literature lacks a balance between the three dimensions of the feedback loop. In this regard, most of the articles in this review focused on reporting experiences or strategies for delivering feedback information (i.e., feedback dimension). Credible and objective feedback information is based on direct observation [ 46 ] and occurs within an interaction or a dialogue [ 62 , 88 ]. However, only having credible and objective information does not ensure that it will be considered, understood, used, and put into practice by the student [ 89 ].

Feedback-supporting actions aligned with goals and priorities facilitate effective feedback processes [ 89 ] because goal-oriented feedback focuses on students' learning needs [ 7 ]. In contrast, this review showed that only a minority of the studies highlighted the importance of aligning learning objectives and feedback (i.e., the feed-up dimension). To overcome this, supervisors and students must establish goals and agreements before starting clinical practice, as it allows students to measure themselves on a defined basis [ 90 , 91 ] and enhances students' feedback-seeking behavior [ 39 , 92 ] and responsiveness to feedback [ 83 ]. In addition, learning goals should be shared, and co-constructed, through a dialogue [ 50 , 88 , 90 , 92 ]. In fact, relationship-based feedback models emphasize setting shared goals and plans as part of the feedback process [ 68 ].

Many of the studies acknowledge the importance of establishing an action plan and promoting the use of feedback (i.e., feedforward). However, there is yet limited insight on how to best implement strategies that support the use of action plans, improve performance and close learning gaps. In this regard, it is described that delivering feedback without perceiving changes, results in no effect or impact on learning [ 88 ]. To determine if a feedback loop is closed, observing a change in the student's response is necessary. In other words, feedback does not work without repeating the same task [ 68 ], so teachers need to observe subsequent tasks to notice changes [ 88 ]. While feedforward is fundamental to long-term performance, it is shown that more research is needed to determine effective actions to be implemented in the WBL environment to close feedback loops.

Second, there is a need for more knowledge about designing feedback activities in the WBL environment that will generate constructive feedback for learning. WBA is the most frequently reported feedback activity in clinical workplace contexts [ 39 , 46 , 56 , 87 ]. Despite the efforts of some authors to use WBAs as a formative assessment and feedback opportunity, in several studies, a summative component of the WBA was presented as a barrier to actionable feedback [ 33 , 56 ]. Students suggest separating grading from observation and using, for example, the mini-CEX in informal situations [ 33 ]. Several authors also recommend disconnecting the summative components of WBAs to avoid generating emotions that can limit the uptake and use of feedback [ 28 , 93 ]. Other literature recommends purposefully designing a system of assessment using low-stakes data points for feedback and learning. Accordingly, programmatic assessment is a framework that combines both the learning and the decision-making function of assessment [ 94 , 95 ]. Programmatic assessment is a practical approach for implementing low-stakes as a continuum, giving opportunities to close the gap between current and desired performance and having the student as an active agent [ 96 ]. This approach enables the incorporation of low-stakes data points that target student learning [ 93 ] and provide performance-relevant information (i.e., meaningful feedback) based on direct observations during authentic professional activities [ 46 ]. Using low-stakes data points, learners make sense of information about their performance and use it to enhance the quality of their work or performance [ 96 , 97 , 98 ]. Implementing multiple instances of feedback is more effective than providing it once because it promotes closing feedback loops by giving the student opportunities to understand the feedback, make changes, and see if those changes were effective [ 89 ].

Third, the support provided by the teacher is fundamental and should be built into a reliable and long-term relationship, where the teacher must take the role of coach rather than assessor, and students should develop feedback agency and be active in seeking and using feedback to improve performance. Although it is recognized that institutional efforts over the past decades have focused on training teachers to deliver feedback, clinical supervisors' lack of teaching skills is still identified as a barrier to workplace feedback [ 99 ]. In particular, research indicates that clinical teachers lack the skills to transform the information obtained from an observation into constructive feedback [ 100 ]. Students are more likely to use feedback if they consider it credible and constructive [ 93 ] and based on stable relationships [ 93 , 99 , 101 ]. In trusting relationships, feedback can be straightforward and credible, and the likelihood of follow-up and actionable feedback improves [ 83 , 88 ]. Coaching strategies can be enhanced by teachers building an educational alliance that allows for trustworthy relationships or having supervisors with an exclusive coaching role [ 14 , 93 , 102 ].

Last, from a sociocultural perspective, individuals are the main actors in the learning process. Therefore, feedback impacts learning only if students engage and interact with it [ 11 ]. Thus, feedback design and student agency appear to be the main features of effective feedback processes. Accordingly, the present review identified that feedback design is a key feature for effective learning in complex environments such as WBL. Feedback in the workplace must ideally be organized and implemented to align learning outcomes, learning activities, and assessments, allowing learners to learn, practice, and close feedback loops [ 88 ]. To guide students toward performances that reflect long-term learning, an intensive formative learning phase is needed, in which multiple feedback processes are included that shape students´ further learning [ 103 ]. This design would promote student uptake of feedback for subsequent performance [ 1 ].

Strengths and limitations

The strengths of this study are (1) the use of an established framework, the Arksey and O'Malley's framework [ 22 ]. We included the step of socializing the results with stakeholders, which allowed the team to better understand the results from another perspective and offer a realistic look. (2) Using the feedback loop as a theoretical framework strengthened the results and gave a more thorough explanation of the literature regarding feedback processes in the WBL context. (3) our team was diverse and included researchers from different disciplines as well as a librarian.

The present scoping review has several limitations. Although we adhered to the recommended protocols and methodologies, some relevant papers may have been omitted. The research team decided to select original studies and reviews of the literature for the present scoping review. This caused some articles, such as guidelines, perspectives, and narrative papers, to be excluded from the current study.

One of the inclusion criteria was a focus on undergraduate students. However, some papers that incorporated undergraduate and postgraduate participants were included, as these supported the results of this review. Most articles involved medical students. Although the authors did not limit the search to medicine, maybe some articles involving students from other health disciplines needed to be included, considering the search in other databases or journals.

The results give insight in how feedback could be organized within the clinical workplace to promote feedback processes. On a small scale, i.e., in the feedback encounter between a supervisor and a learner, feedback should be organized to allow for follow-up feedback, thus working on required learning and performance goals. On a larger level, i.e., in the clerkship programme or a placement rotation, feedback should be organized through appropriate planning of subsequent tasks and activities.

More insight is needed in designing a closed loop feedback process, in which specific attention is needed in effective feedforward practices. The feedback that stimulates further action and learning requires a safe and trustful work and learning environment. Understanding the relationship between an individual and his or her environment is a challenge for determining the impact of feedback and must be further investigated within clinical WBL environments. Aligning the dimensions of feed-up, feedback and feedforward includes careful attention to teachers’ and students’ feedback literacy to assure that students can act on feedback in a constructive way. In this line, how to develop students' feedback agency within these learning environments needs further research.

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Fuentes-Cimma, J., Sluijsmans, D., Riquelme, A. et al. Designing feedback processes in the workplace-based learning of undergraduate health professions education: a scoping review. BMC Med Educ 24 , 440 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-05439-6

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Fans of Taylor Swift often study up for a new album, revisiting the singer’s older works to prepare to analyze lyrics and song titles for secret messages and meanings .

“The Tortured Poets Department” is getting much the same treatment, and perhaps no group of listeners was better prepared than the students at Harvard University currently studying Ms. Swift’s works in an English class devoted entirely to the artist . The undergraduate course, “Taylor Swift and Her World,” is taught by Stephanie Burt, who has her students comparing Ms. Swift’s songs to works by poets and writers including Willa Cather, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and William Wordsworth.

On Thursday night, about 50 students from the class gathered in a lecture hall on campus to listen to Ms. Swift’s new album. Mary Pankowski, a 22-year-old senior studying history of art and architecture, wore a cream sweatshirt she bought at Ms. Swift’s Eras tour last year. The group made beaded friendship bracelets to celebrate the new album, she said.

When the clock struck midnight, the classroom erupted into applause, and the analysis began. First, the group listened through the album once without discussing, just taking it all in.

Certain lines, however, immediately caused a stir, said Samantha Wilhoit, a junior studying government — like a reference to the singer Charlie Puth and the scathing lyrics to the song “The Smallest Man Who Ever Lived,” Ms. Wilhoit, 21, said.

A line from the song “I Can Do It With a Broken Heart,” in which Ms. Swift sings, “I cry a lot but I am so productive,” also seemed to resonate, Ms. Wilhoit said, laughing.

A smaller group of students, including Ms. Pankowski, stuck it out until the early hours of the morning waiting to see if Ms. Swift would drop additional music. At 2 a.m., they were rewarded with an additional “volume” of 15 tracks called “The Anthology.” Ms. Pankowski said she didn’t go to sleep until hours later.

Speaking with The New York Times together on a video call Friday morning, several students from the class discussed their thoughts on the 31 new songs and brainstormed their final papers, which are due at the end of the month.

“The song ‘Clara Bow’ reminded me of ‘The Song of the Lark,’” Makenna Walko, 19, said, citing the Willa Cather novel that follows the career of an aspiring opera singer, Thea Kronborg. “She’s talking about a girl trying to make it out of her small town and trying to get to Manhattan, and what it’s like to have these big, musical dreams and try to pursue them,” she continued. “That’s a narrative that has shown up a lot in Taylor’s own life, over the course of her own career. In a lot of ways, it’s Taylor’s story, too.”

Lola DeAscentiis, a sophomore, zeroed in on the song “But Daddy I Love Him,” comparing it to the Sylvia Plath poem “Daddy.” She plans to explore the link in her final paper.

“I hesitate to say that the song was anywhere near the genius of Sylvia Plath — no offense to Taylor Swift — but I can definitely see some similarities in the themes, like sadness, depression and mental health,” Ms. DeAscentiis, 20, said. (Ms. DeAscentiis also drew a distinction between being a fan of Ms. Swift and being a devoted Swiftie. She said she identified as the former.)

“The way that Taylor overlays her relationship with the significant other that she’s talking about in the song with the relationship that she has with her father — I think that was very Plath,” she added.

Another student, Ana Paulina Serrano, echoed Ms. DeAscentiis, noting that the class had learned about the genre of confessional poetry. “Is Taylor considered a confessional poet?” Ms. Serrano, a 21-year-old junior majoring in neuroscience, asked the group on the call. In support of her own position, she offered as evidence Ms. Swift’s song “Mastermind,” a track off “Midnights,” in which Ms. Swift reveals herself to have calculated and plotted the outcome of a relationship.

“Sometimes she’s confessing things that we, like, already knew or assumed, but she often seems to feel this need to explicitly tell us,” Ms. Serrano added.

Isabel Levin, a 23-year-old senior studying integrative biology, said she thought Ms. Swift’s delivery on several tracks had a spoken-word quality. She wondered if maybe some of the lyrics had initially begun not as songs but as more traditional poems.

Ms. Swift has said she categorizes her songs by the type of pen she imagines using to write each. A “frivolous, carefree, bouncy” song is a glitter gel pen song, while a fountain pen song might be more “brutally honest,” according to Ms. Swift . Quill pen songs are “all old-fashioned, like you’re a 19th-century poet crafting your next sonnet by candlelight,” she explained during her acceptance speech as songwriter-artist of the decade at the Nashville Songwriter Awards in 2022.

And with what implement might Ms. Swift have written “Tortured Poets?”

Quill pen, for sure, Ms. Walko said.

Madison Malone Kircher is a Times reporter covering internet culture. More about Madison Malone Kircher

Inside the World of Taylor Swift

A Triumph at the Grammys: Taylor Swift made history by winning her fourth album of the year at the 2024 edition of the awards, an event that saw women take many of the top awards .

‘The T ortured Poets Department’: Poets reacted to Swift’s new album name , weighing in on the pertinent question: What do the tortured poets think ?

In the Public Eye: The budding romance between Swift and the football player Travis Kelce created a monocultural vortex that reached its apex at the Super Bowl in Las Vegas. Ahead of kickoff, we revisited some key moments in their relationship .

Politics (Taylor’s Version): After months of anticipation, Swift made her first foray into the 2024 election for Super Tuesday with a bipartisan message on Instagram . The singer, who some believe has enough influence to affect the result of the election , has yet to endorse a presidential candidate.

Conspiracy Theories: In recent months, conspiracy theories about Swift and her relationship with Kelce have proliferated , largely driven by supporters of former President Donald Trump . The pop star's fans are shaking them off .

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