english topic for education

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29 ESL Conversation Topics Adult Students Really Enjoy

One key goal almost every adult ESL student shares is gaining the ability to speak English with others.

What better way to learn to speak English than to speak about the very same things that you speak about on a daily basis ?

ESL speaking activities work even better when someone speaks about their own personal recollections, thoughts and ideas on these topics.

Use these topics and questions to get conversations started!

8. Television

11. first dates, 13. motivation, 19. restaurants, 20. cooking, 22. shopping, 26. learning, 28. computers, 29. problems.

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Everybody has hobbies, and everybody loves talking about them. Hobbies could be passions too, you know. Some simple questions to ask include:

What are your hobbies?
Why do you like your hobbies so much?
How often do you do these hobbies?
How long have you been doing these hobbies, and how did you get started?
What hobbies did you used to have, but now do not?
Is it important to have hobbies? Why/why not?

Lots of people work and have lots to say about it. I mean, if you’re spending about a third of your waking hours at work, you may have lots to say.

Some good questions are:

What work do/did you do?
Do/did like your job? Why or why not?
What is your dream job?
What work is common in your city/area/country?
What is your general view about work? Why?

Food is possibly the most universal topic of them all and everyone loves to discuss what they eat. Food-themed ESL activities are always a hit with students.

This is also an ideal topic for beginners because the vocabulary is usually pretty simple. You could use questions like:

What is your favorite food? Why?
What food do you eat a lot?
What food comes from your country?
How do you feel when you eat food?
What foods do you dislike? Why?
Where do you usually get food from?

This is a topic that many people get very excited about. If someone is passionate or emotional about a topic, they can be more motivated to speak and understand things related to it.

A few good example questions are:

Do you like sports? Why/why not?
How often do you exercise/play sports?
Did you play any sports as a child?
What sport/physical activity is popular in your country?
What is your opinion on professional sports?

As people get older, their perceived value of time increases, so it’s a practical topic that everyone has something to say about.

You could ask questions like:

How much free time do you usually have?
How important is time to you?
If you had more free time, what would you do?
“Time is money.” Do you agree or disagree? Why?
How do you feel about time that is wasted?

As people get older, they start to appreciate a good night’s sleep more and more. This topic is often a favorite.

Some example questions are:

How much sleep do you usually get?
Why do some people sleep well while other people do not sleep well?
What do you do when you have trouble sleeping?
What time do you usually go to sleep? What time do you usually get up?
Have you ever slept in a strange place that was not a bed?

Everybody loves music and most people feel very strong emotions toward it—especially when it comes to the music that they love (or hate) most. Some simple questions to ask could be:

What types of music do you like/dislike?
How do certain kinds of music make you feel?
What types of music come from your country?
What’s your favorite song/album/artist?
What music is popular in your country right now?

Listening to music with English lyrics can be fun and engaging activity that can also start conversations.

Watching music videos with subtitles will help students remember the vocabulary they hear in a song.

Television is one of those topics that everyone has an opinion about.

TV will enable you to showcase native English forms and provide some great context before diving into discussion questions. Good questions include:

How often do you watch TV?
Should everyone have a television in their home?
What is the best way to watch television: On a television set, computer, tablet or phone?
What television programs are popular in your country?
What do you think will be the future of television?
What is your opinion on television?
If you had your own TV show, what would it be like?

If your students enjoy learning from TV and other native content, you can try a media-focused resource like FluentU .

This website and app teaches English with authentic videos, including clips from TV shows, news segments and commercials.

The video dictionary also links to other videos that use the word for additional context. Students can also take quizzes based on the videos and their flashcard learning.

The pop-culture content on FluentU is more interesting to students than more traditional materials, and it increases the motivation to understand the dialogue.

Authentic media lets students hear English the way native speakers use it and helps them recall the meanings of words better by creating memorable associations with stories and characters.

The FluentU program is available both for schools and for individual learners .

Like television, movies are a popular conversation topic. I mean, who doesn’t watch movies? A few good questions to be asked could be:

What was the last movie you saw? How was it?
What is your favorite movie? Why?
How are the movies in your country? What are the best ones?
How often do you watch movies in English?
If there were a movie about your life, what kind of movie would it be? Why?

Travel can be a great discussion topic – it encourages storytelling in the past tense and inspires students to talk about culture and similar topics.

Here are some possible questions:

Where have you traveled?
What countries have you been to?
Where would you like to travel to in the future?
When you travel, what safety precautions do you take?
Do you like to prepare a lot before you travel, or just wing it?
What are some cultural issues that you have experienced while traveling? Do you have any funny or embarrassing stories?

Talking about first dates gets everybody interested. We’ve all been there.

How many first dates have you had?
How do you feel about first dates?
What is a common first date like in your country?
What is the best/worst first date experience you’ve ever had?
What makes a good first date in your opinion?

Everyone feels a certain way about risk. Some are risk-oriented, others are risk-averse. Talking about risks seems to generate some good conversation. You could ask questions like:

What is your definition of risk?
Are you a risk taker? Why/why not?
What are the advantages/disadvantages of taking risks?
What risks do you come across in your work/life?
What risks have you taken in your life?

Whether or not the students are a motivated bunch, motivation is a good topic to discuss in order to inspire your students.

How motivated are you in general?
What motivates you to do things?
What is the best motivator to succeed?
What do you do when you feel unmotivated?
What is a good way to motivate others?

Anyone can appreciate beauty in all its forms, and anyone can recognize the importance of the concept of beauty in our cultures, societies and behaviors.

This makes it a good topic to discuss to get some opinions and various views within a group.

What is “beauty”?
What/who do you consider beautiful?
What does “inner beauty” mean to you?
Do you consider artificial beauty (cosmetic surgery) to still be beauty? Why/why not?
How do you feel about the emphasis that people put on beauty these days?
What would you tell your children about beauty?

Crime may not be on the top of people’s lists of favorite topics but it’s something that’s talked about.

Depending on someone’s life experiences, it may be something that has affected their lives. Learning to discuss it could help in the long run.

Good discussion questions are:

Is crime a big problem in your city/country?
Have you ever been a victim of crime?
What crime is common in your city/country?
What would you do if you noticed a crime being committed?
How is the law enforcement in your city/country?

Most people have had some firsthand experience with love that they’d like to talk about. It’s another one of those universal topics that gets the conversation going.

Even if it’s not about romantic love and heartbreak, students can talk about familial love with their parents and children, as well as love between friends.

Questions like these are good:

What is love?
Who/what do you love?
What good/bad experiences have you had with love?
Can you be too young to be in love? Why/why not?
How do you feel about love?

We all have goals and talking about them actually gets us more encouraged to do something about them. Sharing goals is also a good way to help get them achieved.

A good set of questions is:

What are your current goals in life?
How do you plan to reach your goals?
How often do you set goals for yourself?
What goals have you set and achieved in the past?
How do you feel when you reach your goals?

We all have dreams, sometimes on a nightly basis, and they can make for a great discussion topic as it inspires students to be creative and even whimsical.

Great questions for this topic include:

What kinds of dreams do you have?
What do you think dreams mean?
How much of your dreams do you remember? Why?
What is your opinion on premonitions? Are they real?
What are examples of memorable dreams you have had?

Along with eating, people love talking about their favorite eateries and restaurants. Some students might even relate to each other with their choices and views.

Good questions include:

How often do you go to restaurants?
What is your favorite restaurant? Why?
What do you usually order at a restaurant?
What is the restaurant experience like in your country?
Have you ever worked in a restaurant?
If you owned a restaurant, what kinds of food would you serve?

Cooking is another topic that may allow for some good conversation. Most people in most countries do a good amount of cooking.

A few good questions could be:

In your home, who usually cooks?
How often do you cook?
How well do you cook? What can you cook well?
What are the advantages/disadvantages of cooking?
What food would you like to learn how to cook?

Recipes can be a fun way to introduce students to assorted cooking vocabulary and phrases. And in addition to written recipes, there are tons of recipe videos on the web if you want to work on listening comprehension as well.

FluentU has lots of videos about food and cuisine, as well as several captioned recipe videos.

If there is one topic that affects everyone, it has to be money. People love talking about money.

Well, they may not if they’re broke—but even then it’s a relatable topic that gets conversations going.

Great questions include:

How well do you manage your money?
Why do some people have money problems?
What are some good ways to make money?
What would you do if I gave you $20/$2,000/$2,000,000?
How often do you save money? Why?

This one is a personal favorite for many. Shopping just brings out the zest in some people.

Others feel strongly the other way—very few people are completely neutral on this topic.

A few good questions are:

Do you enjoy shopping? Why/why not?
What is your favorite shop? Why?
In your city, where is a good place to go shopping?
How do you feel about online shopping?
What do you think shopping will be like in the future?

Everybody makes plans and discussing them could even influence the class to start making plans of their own! A few example questions include:

How often do you plan things? Why?
What are your plans for (________)?
What are your plans for your English?
What do you think of this quote? “Having no plan is a plan to fail.”
Do you have any back-up plans?

Books make for a good conversation topic because most people enjoy a good book.

When you read, your mind is filled with new images, feelings, ideas and thoughts. It can be immensely satisfying for someone to share how they feel about reading.

Some questions to ask are:

Do you like books/reading? Why/why not?
What kind of books do/did you like?
What is your favorite book? Why?
What was the last book you read?
Do you believe reading books/literature is more important than reading stuff online? Why/why not?

Life discussions go on in all languages and English is no exception.

Life is a good topic since everyone has their own views and thoughts on this universal subject.

You could bring up questions like:

What is the meaning of life?
How is your life going up to this point?
What do you think happens after death?
What important life lessons have you learned?
If tomorrow was your last day to live, what would you do?

Learning is like nature—it’s all around us, even on a subconscious level. Our brains are built to absorb, filter and store information.

A conversation about learning could actually stimulate some English learning!

A few questions that are suitable are:

How important is learning? Why?
Besides English, what are you currently learning?
What things are you good/bad at learning? Why?
What would you most like to learn?
What is the most difficult part of learning? Why?

Games are fun and everybody enjoys fun, no?

But in all seriousness, talking about games tends to gear the conversation more toward past tense, which can bring students a fond sense of nostalgia.

Some simple questions could be:

What is your favorite game ever?
What games did you play as a kid?
What games are popular/came from your country?
How competitive are you when it comes to games?
What games do you still play now? Why?

It’s hard to go a day without talking about computers. This universal topic could have students discussing quite a few things, much of which could relate to real life too!

Great questions on this could be:

Describe your computer at home/work.
What do you usually use a computer for?
Do you like computers? Why/why not?
What was the first computer you ever had like?
What do you think will be the future of computers?

Even though nobody likes to talk about problems per se, everybody still talks about their problems to other people!

Problems are actually a good topic for discussion since they could help others relate to each other and even present solutions too.

A few fine examples of questions are:

How do you deal with your problems?
What problems do you come across in your work or life?
Do you feel that problems are opportunities? Why or why not?
What was the last problem you solved and how did you do it?
“Problems don’t matter. Solutions do.” Do you agree or disagree?

Discussion questions like the ones above—questions about everyday things—work well because they really get the brain thinking.

These topics relate directly to students on a familiar level and can even spark some fascinating discussions.

You could even mix up the example questions any way you’d like.

These topics may even inspire you to come up with some of your own, as you begin to understand what works and what doesn’t.

Happy discussing!

For more tips, check out this post next:

Wondering how to teach ESL to adults? While your lessons might be a bit less chaotic than with younger students, they don’t have to be dull or boring. Everyone enjoys…

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“I never let my schooling interfere with my education.” Mark Twain (1835 – 1910), American writer

October 17, 2020
General English
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Home » Education

Latest lesson plans

LESSON OVERVIEW

This free ESL lesson plan on education has been designed for adults and young adults at an intermediate (B1/B2) to advanced (C1/C2) level and should last around 45 to 60 minutes for one student.

Education is one of the most important issues in any society. The level of education not only determines the future of children, but also plays an important role in determining the success of entire countries. In this ESL lesson plan on education, students will have the opportunity to talk about their own experiences at school and discuss and express their opinions on issues such as the standard of education in their country, the differences between private and public education and whether or not education should be considered a fundamental human right.

This lesson plan could also be used with your students to debate these issues for the International Day Of Education , which takes place in January. For more lesson plans on international days and important holidays, see the calendar of world days to plan your classes for these special occasions.

For advice on how to use this English lesson plan and other lesson plans on this site, see the guide for ESL teachers .

PRE-CLASS ACTIVITIES

Reading activity Before the English class, send the following article to the students and ask them to read it while making a list of any new vocabulary or phrases they find (explain any the students don’t understand in the class):

BBC | “Inequality ‘significantly’ curbs economic growth – OECD”

The article refers to research conducted by the OECD which found that inequality due to a lack of investment in education has a negative effect on economic growth. At the start of the class, hold a brief discussion about what the students thought about the article. What do they think about the issues raised in the article? Do they agree with what was written? Can they think of any ways they might disagree with the content of the article?

Video activity To save time in class for the conversation activities, the English teacher can ask the students to watch the video below and answer the listening questions in Section 3 of the lesson plan at home. There are intermediate listening questions and advanced listening questions so teachers can decide which would be more appropriate for their students. Check the answers in the class.

The video for this class is called “Who Is Allowed To Go To School” by UNESCO and explains the various obstacles many people around the world have which prevents them from receiving an education and what UNESCO’s role is in ensuring this fundamental human right to education.

IN-CLASS ACTIVITIES

The focus in the class is on conversation in order to help improve students’ fluency and confidence when speaking in English as well as boosting their vocabulary.

This lesson opens with a short discussion about the article the students read before the class. Next, the students can give their opinion on the quote at the beginning of the lesson plan – what they think the quote means and if they agree with it. This is followed by an initial discussion on the topic including their experience at school, their favourite subjects and the best qualities in a teacher.

After this, students will learn some vocabulary connected with education such as extra-curricular activities , play truant and flunk . This vocabulary has been chosen to boost the students’ knowledge of less common vocabulary that could be useful for preparing for English exams like IELTS or TOEFL. The vocabulary is accompanied by a cloze activity and a speaking activity to test the students’ comprehension of these words.

If the students didn’t watch the video before the class, they can watch it after the vocabulary section and answer the listening questions. Before checking the answers, ask the students to give a brief summary of the video and what they thought about the content.

Finally, there is a more in-depth conversation about education and society. In this speaking activity, students will talk about issues such as the standard of education in their country, any differences between private and public schools, and what they think about religious and single-sex schools.

After the class, students will write about their opinion of education in their country. This could be a short paragraph or a longer piece of writing depending on what level the student is at. The writing activity is designed to allow students to practise and improve their grammar with the feedback from their teacher. For students who intend to take an international English exam such as IELTS or TOEFL, there is an alternative essay question to practise their essay-writing skills.

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IELTS Topic: Education

Posted by David S. Wills | Jun 23, 2020 | IELTS Tips | 0

In this article, I am going to tell you all about education and IELTS. As you know (if you follow this website), the best way to learn new vocabulary is to study in terms of topics . There are many IELTS topics , such as environment , space , sports , health , and crime. We have talked about education many times in the past but today I will devote a whole article to it.

I intend to look at this topic in a structured way. We will explore it as such:

Reading & Listening

You can either study the whole lesson or else skip to the part that is most interesting for you.

Education Vocabulary

If we look at the topic of education and IELTS , we can quickly see that there is a huge amount of vocabulary to learn. In fact, this is a vast topic. I will assume that you already know the basic words like “school” and “teacher” (or else you are probably not reading this right now). Instead, I will look at some more advanced vocabulary for IELTS education.

First of all, let’s look at some school subjects.

School Subjects

There many be some regional differences in the words used for these subjects (for example, mathematics is known as “maths” in British English and “math” in American English.

Depending on where you study, most people learn a subject called “science” when they are young and later this becomes several subjects, including chemistry, biology, and physics. We also have “social sciences.” This includes many areas of study. You can read about it here .

British English vs American English

I actually wrote in depth about the differences between British and American English last year . For now, though, I will focus on the differences in language when it comes to education. Here are a few ways in which we talk about these differences.

*The British and American school systems are quite different and what is known as “secondary school” in the UK lasts for up to six years. As such, this overlaps the American version. Anyway, those final years in the UK would more likely be called “fifth/sixth form” or “fifth/sixth year,” depending on which part of the country you come from. In England, it is usually “sixth form” and in Scotland it is “sixth year.”

british vs american vocabulary for education (schools and school supplies)

Some other differences

American people talk about their school years in this way:

Freshmen (1 st year)
Sophomore (2 nd year)
Junior (3 rd year)
Senior (4 th year)

In the UK, we do not commonly use these terms but in the last few decades it has become normal to talk about “freshers” as people in their first year of university. For example, they often talk about “freshers’ week” as the first week in the university year because this is when the new students arrive.

Reading and Listening

Because education is something that affects pretty much everyone in the world, it is a topic that is really common in IELTS. It could appear in any part of the test , including the reading and listening sections.

When it does occur, you should be prepared. This means that you ought to know lots of vocabulary about this topic and also have some life experience and opinions on the matter. You can achieve that by including this topic in your regular reading.

There are many ways to achieve this. You can go on Google News (or any news service that you enjoy) and subscribe to their education feed.

Let’s take an article for an example and do a little practice. We will look first at a piece called “ With no students, small college town worries over its future .” Let’s look at the first two paragraphs:

What happens to a college town when the students disappear? Ithaca, a small upstate New York city nearby gorges and vineyards, is finding out. Most of the 24,000 students at Cornell University and 6,200 more from Ithaca College effectively vanished in March when the coronavirus pandemic struck, leaving behind struggling restaurants and shops. Locals still reeling from the outbreak and resulting exodus are wondering when — or if — things will get back to normal.

It is an interesting text that deals with a familiar situation: the fallout from the Covid-19 pandemic.

In this excerpt, you can see the word “exodus.” What do you think this means? Let’s isolate that sentence:

Locals still reeling from the outbreak and resulting exodus are wondering when — or if — things will get back to normal.

We can learn from the words around it. “Resulting” tells us that this thing happened because of the virus outbreak. We also know from the previous sentence that thousands of students are not coming to this place.

We can guess then, that “exodus” means “a mass departure of people.” This sort of skill is really important when it comes to IELTS reading. You need to be able to figure out the meaning of a word from context. Here is a video that shows you how to work out the meaning of difficult vocabulary:

I have covered the topic of education here many times, including this TED video lesson about making education better by introducing creativity to curriculums. (By the way, this is one of two possible ways to pluralise “curriculum”! The other is “curricula.”)

Here is another interesting video about education. This time it is about gender and education. Remember that sometimes IELTS topics overlap like this.

IELTS Speaking Topic: Education

The topic of education is really common in IELTS speaking. In fact, it is probably one of the most common topics that there is. As such, you need to be ready to answer these sorts of questions.

As you probably know, the first part of the IELTS speaking test is comprised of relatively simple questions that you should answer with one, two, or three sentences. You don’t need to develop your answers very much here.

Here are a few sample questions:

Do you work or are you a student?
Why did you choose that subject?
Did you enjoy/Do you enjoy studying at school?
Do you study English now?
What kind of school did you go to as a child?
Where do you study / Where did you study?
What do you study/did you study in university?
What was your favourite subject as a child?
Who was your favourite teacher?
Do you enjoy studying alone or with friends?

You don’t need to have dazzling grammar or vocabulary skills to answer these questions. You can just give pretty basic answers. For example:

Q: Do you work or are you a student?

A: I’m studying at the moment but I also have a part-time job.

Q: Where do you study?

A: I’m studying at Shanghai Jiaotong University . The word “jiaotong” literally means “traffic” but the common translation for the name is “Shanghai Communications University.”

Q: What are you studying there?

A: I’m studying English literature at the moment but I will move onto a business course next semester and continue studying English on the side. Literature was interesting for me but I don’t think it will help my career much.

Notice that there was very little specialist vocabulary here. The only word that I used that might require explanation is “semester.” A school year is made up of two semesters. (The word “term” can also be used but different countries have different systems. In some countries, an academic year is four terms, which means that two terms make up a semester. But this is not the same everywhere.)

There are countless possible education cue cards for IELTS speaking. You might be asked to describe one of the following:

an important memory
the actual school you attended

The list is extremely long, but let’s look at a few possible education cue cards in more detail.

Describe a Subject

You may well be asked to describe a subject that you studied in school or that you wish you had studied. Remember that it could be your favourite subject or a subject you hated. It is always important that you read the whole cue card and do not jump to conclusions.

Here is an example:

Describe a subject you enjoyed studying at school. You should say: – when and where you started studying it – what the lessons were like – what made the subject different from other subjects and explain why you enjoyed the subject

Describe a Lesson or Project

Describing a subject presents many possibilities. You can talk about many different aspects of your chosen subject, including the classes, the books, and the teachers. However, the cue card might present you with a more specific topic, like this one:

Describe a project that you did in school with your classmates or friends. You should say: – what the project was – what it was about – how you completed it and whether you enjoyed the project or not.

Describe a Period of Time

It can be harder to answer a cue card when the thing you must talk about is a memory or period of time. These can be a real challenge because thinking of the right vocabulary and grammar is quite difficult. When you are presented with this sort of question, you might have to be a little creative with your answers. Here is another example cue card:

Describe a period of time from your studies that was the most difficult for you so far. You should say: – when it was – why was it hard – what you were doing at that time and whether you felt you were successful in overcoming the difficulties.

Describe a Teacher

Finally, we come to the obvious IELTS speaking cue card: describe a teacher . This is definitely a common cue card and also quite an easy one. I think that most people who sit IELTS should be comfortable describing people like teachers. If you are not, you should look at my other lessons on how to describe people. You may also find this article about the good qualities teachers possess to be helpful.

There are lots of different ways that this could be phrases. It could be a teacher who influenced you, a teacher you liked, a teacher who helped you, your favourite teacher… and so on. There are numerous possibilities. But here is one example:

Describe a teacher from the past whom you remember. You should say: – what subject the teacher taught you – how old you were then – what were some special characteristics of this teacher and explain why you remember this teacher.

Of course, there are also lots of possible questions about education for part three of the speaking exam. In this section, you will most likely be asked questions like “are men and women equally capable of teaching?” and “should boys and girls be forced to take the same lessons?” The issues of gender , age, and other social issues will often intersect with the main topic.

Here are a few examples:

What are some essential qualities every teacher should have?
How are education priorities today different from those in the past?
How well do you think schools should prepare young people for working life?

Education and IELTS Writing

When it comes to task 2 of the IELTS writing test, education is also a really common topic. Again, there are countless possible questions you could be given, so rather than prepare for any single question, it is better to build your skill in dealing with this topic.

You should be familiar with the vocabulary given at the start of this lesson and also with ideas about education on a global scale. It is ok to have different opinions from other people, but you should be aware of all sides of these issues.

Keep in mind that education does not just mean “school” or “university.” It involves much more: teaching, learning, childhood, adulthood, books, reading, etc. It could be about community colleges or distance learning. Do not be surprised by these questions and do not think that you can handle this topic just because you are comfortable talking about high school. There is much more to it than that.

Here, I will give you four sample band 9 answers to typical IELTS writing questions. Two are from task 2 and two are from task 1, both general and academic tests.

Question #1

Many businesses think that the new employees who have just graduated from schools lack interpersonal skills, such as working with colleagues as a team.

What has caused this and what are the solutions to this problem?

Sample Band 9 Answer

It is claimed by some business owners and recruiters that graduates nowadays tend to lack interpersonal skills. This essay will first explore why this is the case, before then suggesting how it may be remedied.

If it is true that graduates now lack the interpersonal skills necessary to succeed in the modern workplace, then that surely can be blamed on the exceptionally high level of theoretical knowledge necessary to achieve a good degree. As universities have become more competitive, the requirements for achieving a degree have gotten much more stringent, and students are required to spend all their time reading books and preparing for difficult assessments. It seems likely that this hinders their opportunities to socialize or work with others on productive tasks.

Solving this problem should not be terribly difficult. In fact, university faculties should pay attention to these complaints and implement solutions into their courses. Perhaps the most obvious suggestion is that students must be required to participate in more group activities throughout their education. For example, rather than studying all day and night to write an essay or sit an exam, students could be asked to prepare a group presentation together with their peers. Ideally, these groups should be picked at random to ensure that students develop the necessary skills to work with others whom they would not have previously chosen to work.

In conclusion, it appears that universities are failing students by not educating them in how to develop their interpersonal skills, and as a result they are struggling in the workplace. These universities should thus require students to develop their communicative abilities through specific group-based tasks.

Question #2

Some people think that a sense of competition in children should be encouraged. Others believe that children who are taught to co-operate rather than compete become more useful adults.

Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

People disagree over how to raise their kids, with many parents and teachers suggesting that competition is detrimental to their development. They think that children should be taught cooperation instead. This essay will look at both views, before deciding that these need not be mutually exclusive.

The argument against competition in children essentially revolves around the idea that it is unhealthy for children to be pitted against one another. Rather than teaching them to compete, these people argue, we should teach them to work together. Natural selection dictates that some children will invariably be winners while others will be losers, and in the modern era, this seems like an out-dated concept. All children should be winners.

On the other hand, competition is a part of life and therefore children should be exposed to it from the beginning. It needn’t be unfair, of course. When children are taught healthy attitudes towards competition – such as sportsmanship – then it is actually tremendously beneficial for them. They can learn how to participate in natural activities and then deal healthily with the result, whether that is victory or loss.

However, it seems to me that there is no real distinction between competition and cooperation. Team sports, after all, involve both these elements. If children play football, basketball, or rugby, then they will work with their teammates to compete against another team. In the end, both aspects are learned.

In conclusion, there is no need to separate competition from cooperation, and neither should be removed from a child’s education or environment. Both are important for child development.

Question #3

You recently did a short cookery course. The cookery school has asked for your feedback on this course.

Write a letter to the course director at the cookery school. In your letter

describe what you enjoyed about the course
say how much cooking you have done since the course
suggest another cookery course you’d like the school to offer

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing in response to your request for feedback on the cookery course I recently attended. I am happy to give you some of my thoughts on the course.

First of all, I really enjoyed it. I had wanted to study French cooking techniques for several years and so I was really excited to see that this course became available. It certainly did not disappoint me, and I was delighted by the processes that I learned during that amazing week.

Since the course, I have been cooking and baking for my friends and family at every opportunity. They have been really impressed with my newfound skills, and I will continue to practice what I have learned.

As for suggestions, I do think that it would be worth adding some other sorts of cuisine to the courses on offer. I would love to learn how to cook Thai food, for example.

David S. Wills

Question #4.

There is a bar chart and a pie chart containing information taken from a survey on adult education. The bar chart describes why adults go into education and the pie chart shows who the respondents think should pay for it. People mostly go into education out of interest, and, perhaps unsurprisingly, it is believed that they should pay for it themselves.

According to the data, forty percent of adults go into education due to some sort of interest in a particular subject, while thirty-eight percent do it to gain qualifications. These are far and away the most common reasons, as the next most frequently cited reason was almost half this value. Several reasons were picked by about twenty percent of people, including the fact that it may help them earn a promotion at work. The least frequently stated answer was that adult education is a good way to meet new people.

The survey results showed forty percent of people believe the individual should pay the costs of a course. This matches quite well with the previous data, as the same percentage of people did these courses purely out of interest.

About The Author

David S. Wills is the author of Scientologist! William S. Burroughs and the 'Weird Cult' and the founder/editor of Beatdom literary journal. He lives and works in rural Cambodia and loves to travel. He has worked as an IELTS tutor since 2010, has completed both TEFL and CELTA courses, and has a certificate from Cambridge for Teaching Writing. David has worked in many different countries, and for several years designed a writing course for the University of Worcester. In 2018, he wrote the popular IELTS handbook, Grammar for IELTS Writing and he has since written two other books about IELTS. His other IELTS website is called IELTS Teaching.

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Download my IELTS Books

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Shakespeare and company

He was the greatest writer in the English language and is known all around the world. In this topic we're talking about William Shakespeare and other great writers.

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Celebrate women worldwide with us here in our International Women’s Day topic!

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Learn about Lunar New Year and tell us about traditions where you live.

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ESL Worksheets for Teachers

Check out our selection of worksheets filed under topic: education, teaching, and learning. use the search filters on the left to refine your search..

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Worksheet type

Elementary (A1-A2)

This lesson focuses on the spelling and pronunciation of common words with silent letters. Students start by reviewing the alphabet before listening to a short speech from a tour guide and completing related activities. They list and categorise words with silent letters and then practise the target language in speaking and writing. There is a short optional extension activity in which students describe a day out in London, using words from A to Z.

by Stephanie Hirschman

Pre-intermediate (A2-B1)

This lesson is based on the story of a woman in India who learnt to read and write at the age of 104. Vocabulary related to the subject of ambition and success is studied and practised. Students read a short text and listen to the same text, testing their reading and listening comprehension. The grammar point is specific and general ability in the past simple tense.

by Gillian Smylie

Upper-intermediate (B2-C1)

Students work with the theme of trends in an IELTS Writing Task 1. They discuss different types of music formats and examine a task with a line graph and a model answer before preparing to write a response to a similar question. Exam tips and marking frameworks are provided. There is also an optional extension task which provides practice in answering some discussion questions for part 3 of the speaking exam related to the topic of media formats and access. This lesson is part of one unit in the IELTS preparation course plan which provides practice in listening/speaking, reading and writing for the IELTS exam. The full lesson plan takes a minimum of 60 minutes.

Intermediate (B1-B2)

The topic of this lesson is changes students can make in their own schools and communities. Students read an article about how a 14-year-old brought together his whole school community to create positive change for all his classmates. Students learn level-appropriate vocabulary and move on to discuss changes they would like to make in their own schools and how they could do this. They will end this unit by taking part in an election for a school council. They will debate issues they feel passionate about and vote for a student president. At the end of the lesson, you will find a vocabulary revision game that covers the words and phrases used in this unit.

by Richard Moon

This lesson does double duty as IELTS reading exam practice and learner training and gives some context to the overall structure of this IELTS course, which centres around academic vocabulary, in this unit related to the theme of description. Students examine a sample dictionary entry to introduce them to the topic of wordlists for vocabulary study and then define vocabulary related to the reading. They respond to true/false/not given and matching features questions, before examining more useful words and phrases from the text. Exam tips are provided. There is also an activity which supports students to record and study academic vocabulary effectively.

This lesson is part of one unit in the IELTS preparation course plan which provide practice in listening/speaking, reading and writing for the IELTS exam. The full lesson plan takes a minimum of 60 minutes.

by Stephanie Hirschman.

*Note: this is a pilot lesson from our new course English for Teenagers.

The topic of this lesson is YouTubers. Students will watch a video about the most famous children and teenagers on YouTube to introduce the topic and then talk about how they have become famous. Throughout the lesson, they will learn vocabulary connected to technology and skills and qualities needed for careers in this field. They will read and discuss a magazine article about jobs in technology as well as advice from a famous YouTuber. Students will invent their own YouTube channel, write about it and imagine their life as a famous YouTuber.

by Richard Moon

A breaking news lesson about time capsules with a news report about a recent discovery and an article offering a brief history of time capsules. Students will learn related vocabulary, practise reading and listening skills and reinforce their new vocabulary with conversation practice.

by David J. Marriott

This lesson is based on information from New Zealand’s official website. Students will learn about New Zealand landmarks, geography and history and get some ideas of what to see and do if they visit New Zealand. Listening and reading skills will also be tested, and students will have the opportunity to prepare a presentation.

This lesson is based around a news report about a missing teenager being found in the United States and an article about how to tell if a relationship is abusive. Exercises look at connected vocabulary, reading skills and grammar work on Real Conditionals. Students will also have an opportunity to discuss situations related to the topic.

Note: While this is an educational worksheet, it does deal with the topic of domestic violence and mentions the abuse of young children in a non-graphic way. It will not be suitable for all classes and caution is advised.

by Joe Wilson

Students work with the theme of change in an IELTS Writing Task 2. They brainstorm the advantages and disadvantages of working from home before comparing their ideas with a model essay and identifying the exam task that the writer was responding to. They define some useful vocabulary and phrases from the essay and prepare to answer a similar exam question. Exam tips and marking frameworks are provided. There is also an optional task to support mastery of some useful verbs from the model essay.

by Stephanie Hirschman

This lesson is based around a video which looks at how we choose where we get our news from and how we can make good choices in doing so. Exercises look at related vocabulary and comprehension and ask students to discuss topics related to the subject.

* This lesson can last 60-90mins.

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Advanced (C1-C2)

The worksheet is based on a video looking at Margaret Atwood’s novel, The Handmaid’s Tale. Exercises look at vocabulary essential for both the video and the book, comprehension exercises and discussion centred around the topics of the book. This lesson would serve as an ideal primer for any teacher considering reading the book in class or introducing students to the literary themes it covers.

Note: Due to the nature of the book, this lesson deals with themes that some people will find upsetting, including rape and political and religious themes. Caution is advised as it will not be suitable for all groups of students.

In this audio-aided lesson, students learn vocabulary related to learning languages. The target language includes words and expressions for describing language learning and language ability as well as some useful questions for asking about words.

This short worksheet presents a list of discussion questions designed to encourage students to talk at length about their education and future plans.

This worksheet focuses on a video called ‘Why you should read Crime and Punishment' – a novel by Russian author Fyodor Dostoyevsky. Exercises focus on vocabulary from the video, rebuilding a text, collocations, use of adjectives and comprehension. Students will have the opportunity to discuss the themes mentioned in the video.

Note: Students and teachers do not need to have read the book or be familiar with the novelist in order to participate in the lesson. *This lesson can take 60-90mins.

by Joe Wilson

Welcome to esl DiscussionTopics

Welcome to esl discussion topics.

Quality questions you can use in the ESL classroom to get your students talking

Discussion questions on general topics suitable for the ESL classroom.

Business English discussion questions for those studying English for specific purposes.

Discussion questions designed to practice grammar in the ESL classroom.

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All handouts available for download in a variety of PDF formats.

General Topics

Business topics, grammar topics, how to use this site.

This site contains more than a thousand ESL discussion questions on a range of topics including general, grammar and business English discussion topics. These discussion questions are suitable for teachers to use in the ESL classroom with students at intermediate level or above. The ESL discussion questions are designed to be accessible to a general audience, but are open enough to allow advanced speakers to develop more complex responses.

Select a category above from either the general , grammar or business sections and click on the link. This will take you to a page where you can view the ESL discussion questions and download them in a variety of PDF formats perfect for the classroom. All the materials on this site are provided free of charge.

For further information about the site and its author, see the about page.

140 Best English Topics For Discussion That Everyone Love

Astrid Tran • 06 Oct 2023 • 10 min read

What are English Topics for Discussion that you commonly talk over with your friends or co-workers?

English is one of the dominant languages in international communication, and there is no better way to master your English than by practicing group discussion. But, starting a discussion is not easy, it should be an exciting or appealing topic that can help get the conversation started and motivate everyone to join.

If you are looking for more awesome group discussion topics for spoken English activities, here are 140 Best English Topics For Discussion that won’t disappoint you.

English topics for discussion – free talk topics, fun english topics for discussion for kids in class.

English Topics For Discussion – Free conversation topics for adults

Simple English Topics For Discussion

Intermediate english topics for discussion, advanced english topics for discussion, english topics for discussion at work.

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One effective way to overcome the challenge of English speaking is through free talk sessions, where you can discuss a variety of topics in a relaxed and supportive environment. Easy, serious, and funny subjects to discuss in English. Here are 20 top free talk ideas of English Topics For Discussion.

1. What are your favorite hobbies and why?

2. Do you believe in the concept of “love at first sight”?

3. What are your thoughts on climate change and how can we address it?

4. Have you ever traveled to another country? Share your experience.

5. How has social media impacted your life?

6. What is your favorite type of music and why?

7. What qualities do you value most in a friend?

8. What is your favorite book and why?

9. Do you prefer to live in the city or the countryside? Why?

10. What are your thoughts on the education system?

11. What are your favorite foods and why?

12. Do you believe in the existence of extraterrestrial life?

13. When is the best time to sleep?

14. How important is family to you?

15. What is your favorite way to relax and unwind?

16. When is the best occasion to say thank you?

17. What are your favorite places to visit in your hometown or country?

18. What is your dream job and why?

19. What are your thoughts on artificial intelligence and its impact on society?

20. What are your favorite childhood memories?

When it comes to spoken English classes for kids, it’s important to make the topics both engaging and fun. Children can get bored quickly, so having interesting topics for group discussion is crucial. If you are out of ideas, Check out these 20 amazing ideas for Fun English Topics For Discussion in primary school.

21. If you could have any superpower, what would it be and why?

22. What is your favorite color and why?

23. How long do you think it would take you to become an expert at your favorite hobby or skill?

24. Do you prefer reading books or watching movies? Why?

25. Have you ever played a video game that you really enjoyed?

26. What is your favorite food and why?

27. If you could visit any country in the world, where would you go and why?

28. What is your favorite sport or activity to do and why?

29. Have you ever been on a family vacation that you really liked?

30. Who is your favorite fictional character and why?

31. Why do you hate history?

32. Do you have a favorite animal?

33. What is your favorite thing to do on a rainy day and why?

34. What does it mean by everyday heroes?

35. What is the point of museums?

36. When is your favorite time of year, and why?

37. Why do you want to have a pet?

38. Are Halloween costumes too scary?

39. When was the last time you went on a fun adventure, and what did you do?

40. Why is Super Mario so popular?

Related: 15 Best Educational Games for Kids in 2023

English Topics For Discussion – Free Conversation Topics for Adults

What do young adults like to discuss? There are thousands of discussion topics for adults learning English that range from small talk, sports, leisure, personal issues, social issues, jobs, and everything that matters. You can refer to this ultimate list of the 20 best free conversation topics as follows:

41. What can we do to reduce our impact on the environment?

42. How can we better support those struggling with mental health issues?

43. Why do we choose to text instead of talk?

44. How can we better support and advocate for LGBTQ+ rights?

45. How can we break down the stigma surrounding mental health and encourage more open conversation?

46. Man vs beast: Who is more efficient?

47. Island life: Is it paradise?

48. What are the potential benefits and risks of AI and how can we manage them?

49. How can we promote body positivity and self-acceptance for women of all shapes, sizes, and appearances?

50. What are some effective skincare routines for different skin types?

51. What are some tips for maintaining healthy nails and achieving a great manicure?

52. How can we achieve a natural makeup look that enhances our features without being too heavy?

53. What are some of the challenges and rewards of motherhood, and how can we support each other through this journey?

54. How to talk to a climate denier?

55. Do you care if you’re poor when you’re old?

56. How can we better support and care for the aging population in our society?

57. What are your favourite sports to watch or play, and Who are your favourite athletes or teams? What do you think about the latest games or matches?

58. What are the best restaurants for couples, and can you share some of your top recommendations?

59. What is your fitness routine like, and are there any tips to keep fit and attractive?

60. Do you have any recommendations for must-have tech gear?

Related: 140 Conversation Topics That Work In Every Situation (+ Tips)

Choosing suitable English topics for discussion for beginners is important as it can greatly impact their language learning experience. If you want to practice your speaking skills and build confidence, some basic conversation questions in English about food, travel, and pop culture can be a good start. Let’s see some simple topics in English below:

61. What is your favorite cuisine and why? Have you tried any new dishes recently?

62. Why do we forget the things we learn?

63. Can music mend a broken heart?

64. Is this the era of distrust?

65. Do our pets care about us?

66. Do you have any dietary restrictions or preferences, and how do you manage them when eating out?

67. Have you ever experienced culture shock while traveling? How did you deal with it?

68. What are your thoughts on social media influencers and their impact on popular culture?

69. Do you have any family recipes that have been passed down through generations? What’s the story behind them?

70. Have you ever tried cooking a new recipe that you found online? How did it turn out?

71. Do trees have memories?

72. What do you like to do in your free time? Do you have any hobbies or interests?

73. Is talking on the phone embarrassing?

74. Are opinion polls accurate?

75. Can VR treat fears and phobias?

76. When is the best time to have an apple?

77. Do you like to go shopping? What’s your favorite store to shop at and why?

78. Does punctuation matter?

79. Doomscrolling: Why do we do it?

80. Do we read to show off?

60+ English Slang Words in 2023
300++ Random English Words – Updated in 2023

Now, it is the time to level up your discussion topics, try to find more serious topic questions that can help you to improve your English. Pushing yourself to tackle difficult topics will not only expand your vocabulary and language skills but also help you develop a deeper understanding of the world around you. If you need English discussion topics for the intermediate level, here are 20 interesting topics to discuss in classes that might give you a surprise.

81. What do you think are the benefits of studying abroad?

82. What can we do to reduce our impact on the environment?

83. Should healthcare be free for everyone?

84. What are the most pressing social issues in your country, and what can be done to address them?

85. To what extent, has globalization impacted your country’s culture and traditions?

86. What are the most important political issues facing your country today?

87. Are we likely to reduce income inequality in society in the next decade?

88. Social media has negative and positive impacts on humans, to what extent do you agree?

89. Are bucket lists always a good thing?

90. Is it possible for your eyes to predict your personality?

91. How do couples overcome challenges in their long-term relationships?

92. Are you at risk from online fraud?

93. What are the most important events or figures in your country’s history, and why are they significant?

94. Could you give up booze for a month?

95. Is it possible to address gender inequality and promote gender equity in our society?

96. Is it rising popularity of the comfy shoe?

97. Rhetoric: How persuasive are you?

98. Where are you in the next ten years?

99. Is it a good idea to have a tattoo?

100. How does art contribute to our understanding of the world around us?

Related: 95++ Fun Questions to Ask Students of All Ages

BONUS : What’s more? If you find English too hard to learn, and having a discussion in English isn’t your best choice, try other types of games and quizzes. Set up brainstorming activities via AhaSlides to practice with your family, friends, tutors, and colleagues, and of course, have crazy fun at the same time.

Related: 12 Exciting ESL Classroom Games with Almost Zero Prep (for All Ages!)

Congratulations to all the English learners who have reached this level where you can talk about your likes and dislikes and topics that interest your friends. Now that you have a solid foundation in the language, why not challenge yourself with more advanced English speaking topics? You might find the following B1 conversation topics inspiring.

101. Perfume: what does your smell say about you?

102. How can individuals and organizations protect themselves from cyber threats, and what is the role of governments in this regard?

103. Could you be flexitarian?

104. Where are refugees coming from, and how can we address the root causes of displacement?

105. Why has political polarization increased in recent years, and what can we do to bridge the divide?

106. Who has access to healthcare, and what can be done to ensure that everyone has access to quality healthcare?

107. Hangry: are you angry when you’re hungry?

108. How can we improve access to education, particularly in developing countries?

109. Why do cities make us rude?

110. What are the ethical implications of AI, and how can we ensure that it is developed and used responsibly?

111. What are the pros and cons of globalization, and how can we mitigate its negative effects?

112. Do you think you’re invisible?

113. How can we balance the need for border security with the humanitarian imperative to help those seeking refuge?

114. How has social media changed our communication and social interactions, and what are the consequences of this shift?

115. What are the root causes of systemic racism, and what steps can we take to dismantle it?

116. Are smartphones killing cameras?

117. How can we achieve economic growth without compromising the environment, and what is the role of international cooperation in this regard?

118. What can’t computers do?

119. Football songs: Why are crowds so quiet these days?

120. How can we address the challenges an aging population poses, particularly in developed countries?

What are your interesting topics for discussion in English at work? Here are 20 business English conversation questions that you and your co-workers can bring to your discussion.

121. Who is responsible for maximizing productivity, and how can it be measured and improved? Why is diversity important in the workplace, and what steps can be taken to promote inclusivity?

122. When is the best time to hold team meetings?

123. What are your thoughts on a recent news story or event?

124. Who is responsible for supply chain management, and what strategies can be used to optimize the supply chain?

125. What are some effective ways to engage and motivate employees, and how can their performance be measured?

126. When should performance evaluations be conducted?

127. When should deadlines be set for projects?

128. Who is responsible for resolving conflicts in the workplace, and what strategies can be used to address them?

129. How long does it take for new employees to get up to speed and become fully productive?

130. How long does it take to implement new policies or procedures, and what are the steps involved in the process?

131. How can teams be built and strengthened to promote collaboration and productivity?

132. Why is ethical behavior important in business, and how can we ensure that our practices are ethical?

133. Is it appropriate to use humor in the workplace?

134. Do you believe that working remotely is as productive as working in the office?

135. Should employees be allowed to bring their pets to work?

136. When is the most appropriate time to give feedback to colleagues?

137. When is the best time to schedule training or professional development sessions?

138. What are the qualities of an effective leader, and how can these be developed?

139. Pedestrianization – is it good for cities and towns?

140. Should employees be allowed to bring their pets to work?

Frequently Asked Questions:

How can i talk like clever people.

1. Keep your spine straight, even when sitting or standing. 2. Concentrate on your listeners. 3. Keep your chin up. 4. Use figures for your points to be more convincing. 5. Speak clearly and loudly enough. 6. Don’t forget body language.

How can I think and talk fast?

Before participating in a discussion, prepare a brief story that you can hold onto and express your thoughts logically and smoothly. Plus, you can also repeat questions to have more time to consider and relieve pressure.

How can I make the conversation more interesting?

An exciting conversation means you focus on others, keep finding common perspectives, pose unique questions that surprise others, and try to deal with controversial topics skillfully.

What are some common examples of English topics for discussion in class or at the workplace? Don’t be shy to speak out your opinions or thoughts even if you are not too familiar with English. Learning a new language is a journey, and making mistakes along the way is okay.

Ref: BBC Learning English

Astrid Tran

I've got my rhythm with words

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Speech on Education in English

Why is education important? How can an educated person change the world? Speech on education should aim to provide answers to the above questions. It should also provide insight into how education can change a person’s life. Education is one of the necessities required to survive in today’s world. It helps in giving a perspective to a person where he or she can think and provide solutions to different social issues. There are many ways to deliver a speech on education but the most important and effective one is that which allows the audience to think and question the various points discussed in the speech. If you want to get the answer to why education is important, read on to discover how to deliver an effective and engaging speech on education.

Here we have provided a long and short speech about education along with that we have also given 10 line pointers about the best speech on education in English.

Long Speech about Education

Good morning to everyone present here today. I feel honored and blessed to be given this opportunity to give a speech on education. I hope everyone learns something from this speech.

Education has been with us for ages and it has transformed the world around us. It was because of educating ourselves, humans have invented technologies that have changed the world.

When it comes to an individual, education plays an important role throughout life. Getting proper education is necessary as it is the deciding factor for our status in society nowadays. Education is required to get a good high-paying job, to be successful, and even to start a family. Education also helps us by providing success that would eventually lead us to live a happy and luxurious life. Education helps in developing the personality of a person both in a physical and mental standard and helps in transforming a person’s living standard. It helps in promoting the feeling of the mental, social, and physical well-being of a person by providing a better living life. A good education is always constructive, a person who is educated well is respected by society and even has a role that would help in the development of society. Let us take an example of the teachers sitting here in the audience, their role of teaching and sharing knowledge with the students will help in making a future that will work for the betterment of the country. It is said that knowledge is the greatest weapon in the world and I believe it is true, education provides a lot of confidence by giving us vast knowledge in various fields. It helps in personal growth and the most important way to be successful in life. As we all know, the more knowledge we get, the more we grow and develop in life. Knowledge gives us recognition and respect in the world. There is a difference between the knowledge we learn in school and colleges and the knowledge required to live in a society. Being well educated does not only mean having fancy degrees from reputed colleges and a high-paying job but it also means being kind towards everyone around. Many people in social work in a multinational company but they lack the basic knowledge required to talk to people. Some people are arrogant and consider themselves above because of their education and jobs. Remember my friend, being educated is important but it is also very important to be kind to everyone around you and treat them with respect. The sole purpose of getting an education is to be a good citizen towards everyone and then being successful in personal and professional life. Everyone is incomplete without a good education as it helps us to make the right decisions in life. In this competitive world, everybody is fighting for survival, education could be considered as an advantage to be successful in life and it has become a necessity after food, shelter, and clothes.

The next point I would like to highlight is the lack of financial education that is taught at school. In many schools and colleges, the only thing everyone is teaching the students is how to score well in exams by memorizing a few textbooks but sadly they are not teaching students the knowledge required to excel in life. Financial education is a very important part of life, it is required to survive in society. Concepts like how to save money, how to invest money in different assets such as gold, silver, and real estate are not being taught in educational institutions. Students must also learn the practical application of learning a subject. We often hear that many graduates are unemployed and the reason being that they do not have enough practical knowledge about the concepts that they learned in educational institutions. Students must learn this knowledge and excel in their careers.

To conclude this speech, I want to say that education is the most important tool one can have to survive in this world and it is a necessity as it provides solutions to all the problems. If a person is educated, he or she will be aware of different concerns such as corruption, terrorism, and other social issues. It is the most important tool which provides inner and outer strength to a person. Treat everyone with respect, even if you have the most valuable degree or are working in a great company, and always have financial knowledge as it will help you to grow in society. Thank you.

A Short Speech about Education

Good morning to one and all present here. Today I have been given an opportunity to give a small speech on education. I hope everyone here learns something from it.

Education could be defined as the process of gaining knowledge, skill, beliefs, and values that help in the growth and development of a person. Education is the most important asset, it is as important as food, shelter, and clothes. While the school and college education programs are relatively modern, the learning process has persisted for a long time. Humans have developed by learning themselves, and society must evolve. We can take the example of hunter-gatherers, they used to pass down their knowledge of hunting and harvesting food during different seasons.

Today, education is the most important aspect of society as it helps in providing a job and starting a family. Educating helps in understanding the world in a better way. Let us take an example to understand that, a person who knows about corruption and other social issues will play an important role in fighting it rather than a person who is unaware of anything. Education provides an individual with opportunities to prove themselves in society and be successful in the future. Education also provides an employment opportunity and if a person is employed and is working, the poverty of the country will exponentially decrease which will help in the development of the country.

In India, many educational institutes provide only theoretical knowledge that helps the student to get good grades in exams which will increase his or her employment opportunities but many educational institutes in India fail to teach students the financial and practical knowledge that is required to excel in the real world. Financial education is important as it helps a person to understand the concept of how the world really works.

I would like to end this speech by saying education is very important as it helps in bringing economic progress and social change to the country. People who are educated will help in inventing and bringing new ideas, which will help in the development of the country. Thank you.

10 Lines about the Speech on Education in English

Speech on education should provide an insight on education is important in this world.

Education could be considered as an asset that could help in surviving in the world and make an impact on society.

If an education topic for speech is given it is very important that the definition of education is explained to the audience.

Education helps us in learning new things and develop a sense of innovation and creativity.

Education could be considered as the tool which will help in earning respect in society.

The Indian education system is divided into four stages of education such as preschool, primary, middle and secondary school.

Education will help in providing knowledge, enhancing the capability of the reader to think logically on various subjects.

Education plays an important role in the development of the country as educated citizens will choose a leader who will work for the development of the country.

If an education topic for speech is given try to explain to the audience why education is important and how it can impact the lives around you.

Education helps in bringing equality in society and eradicating poverty.

Education is not a destination; it is a journey. It is a path paved with challenges and triumphs, with moments of frustration and epiphany. But with each step we take, with each page we turn, we become more than just ourselves. We become citizens of a global community, stewards of our planet, and the authors of our own destinies. So, go forth, students, and let your words paint a picture of a future where knowledge is accessible, minds are empowered, and the possibilities of education are endless. Remember, the pen is mightier than the sword, and in this case, the pen holds the power to unlock the potential of generations to come.

FAQs on Speech on Education in English

1. What is the importance of education?

Education is fundamental for individual and societal development. It equips individuals with the knowledge, skills, and values necessary to lead fulfilling lives and contribute meaningfully to their communities.

2. What are the benefits of education?

Here are some of the key benefits of education:

Personal growth: Education fosters intellectual, emotional, and social development. It helps individuals to understand themselves and the world around them, and to develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills.

Economic opportunities: Education is essential for securing good jobs and achieving financial security. It opens doors to a wider range of career options and increases earning potential.

Civic engagement: Education empowers individuals to be active and informed citizens. It teaches them about their rights and responsibilities, and how to participate in the democratic process.

Social well-being: Education can help to reduce poverty, inequality, and discrimination. It promotes tolerance, understanding, and cooperation between different groups of people.

3. What are the different types of education?

There are many different types of education, each with its own focus and goals. Some of the most common types include:

Formal education: This type of education takes place in schools, colleges, and universities. It is typically structured and follows a set curriculum.

Informal education: This type of education takes place outside of formal institutions. It can include learning from experience, from mentors, or from everyday life.

Vocational education: This type of education is designed to prepare individuals for specific jobs or careers. It often includes hands-on training and experience.

Adult education: This type of education is for adults who want to continue learning after they have left school. It can be used to improve job skills, learn new hobbies, or simply for personal enrichment.

4. What are some tips for writing a speech on education?

Choose a clear topic: What specific aspect of education do you want to focus on?

Do your research: Gather information from a variety of sources to support your points.

Organize your thoughts: Use an outline to structure your speech and ensure that your ideas flow logically.

Write in a clear and concise style: Avoid using jargon or technical terms that your audience may not understand.

Practice your delivery: Speak slowly and clearly, and use gestures and facial expressions to make your speech more engaging.

5. How can I make my speech on education interesting and engaging?

Use personal stories and anecdotes to illustrate your points.

Incorporate humor and wit to keep your audience entertained.

Ask rhetorical questions to spark thought and discussion.

Use vivid language and imagery to paint a picture in your audience's mind.

Vary your vocal tone and pace to add emphasis and avoid monotony.

Connect with your audience on an emotional level by sharing your own passion for education.

Trends and Topics in Educational Technology, 2024 Edition

Column: Editorial
Published: 21 March 2024

Cite this article

Bohdana Allman 1 ,
Royce Kimmons 1 ,
Wei Wang 2 ,
Hanhui Bao 2 ,
Joshua M. Rosenberg 2 &
Matthew J. Koehler 3

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Introduction

This editorial continues to landscape the trends and popular educational technology topics for 2023. We used the public internet data mining approach from previous years (Allman et al., 2023b ; Kimmons, 2020 ; Kimmons & Rosenberg, 2022 ; Kimmons et al., 2021 ). This year, we extracted and analyzed data from the Scopus research article database, K-12 school and district Facebook pages, and the open publishing platform EdTech Books. We also looked closer at two key terms—“artificial intelligence” and “OER”—using Google Custom Search API to examine patterns in the higher education context and the description of resources from the Teachers Pay Teachers (TPT) website for insights in the K-12 context. This year, we no longer utilized the X (formerly Twitter) #EdTech affinity group as a data source because of the changes to the platform/accessibility of the data. Our analysis represents snapshots of 2023 trends in educational technology from these dataset angles, furthering our understanding of current EdTech community’s attitudes, behaviors, and leanings and underpinning a predictive vision of future trends in the field.

What Were Trends in EdTech Journals in 2023?

For insight into which research topics were trending in the field in 2023, we analyzed article titles published in the top educational technology journals during the year. We utilized a similar methodology as in previous years (Kimmons et al., 2021 ; Kimmons & Rosenberg, 2022 ; Allman et al., 2023b ) and compiled a list of 3,355 articles published in 2023 from the top educational technology journals (n = 18) as identified by Google Scholar and retrieved via the Scopus API. See Table 1 for the list of journals included in the analysis. Following this, we looked at the frequencies of each keyword and n-gram (multi-word phrase) appearing in the titles to identify potential trends.

We then manually categorized top keywords and n-grams into three information types suggested by the data: “Contexts,” “Methods,” and a broader category of “Topics, Tools, and Modalities” (see Table 2 ). Contexts included terms related to the research settings, such as “high school” or “university.” Methods included descriptors of the research methods, such as “systematic review” or “case study.” Topics, Tools, and Modalities included a more comprehensive array of terms, such as “online,” “learning analytics,” and “virtual reality.” Notably, in previous years, we had separated modalities into their own section, but this separation seemed to become increasingly arbitrary and unnecessary (e.g., is VR a topic or a modality?). So, we combined modalities and topics into a common category. We included all relevant n-grams above 0.5% and their comparatively ranked keywords in the table.

Table 2 suggests several noteworthy findings. Regarding contexts, higher education was far more common as a setting for educational technology studies than K-12, and secondary schools were more represented than elementary schools. This suggests an inverted pyramid representation of EdTech research being done at different educational levels, a trend that we saw in previous analyses (Allman et al., 2023b ). Referenced physical locations also focused on school settings, suggesting an emphasis on formal (rather than informal or non-formal) learning. As expected, references to COVID-19 declined from the previous year (3.6% to 2.4%). Relatively high on the list were also references to language learning. Specifically, search terms “language” (n = 169, 5.0%) and “EFL” (n = 95; 2.8%) and related n-grams “language learning” (n = 54; 1.6%), “EFL learner” (n = 37; 1.1%), and “foreign language” (n = 28, 0.8%). Additionally, references to “support” (n = 124, 3.7%), “professional,” and “preservice” (both n = 64; 1.9%) and n-grams “preservice teacher” (n = 49, 1.9%) and “professional development” (n = 22, 0.7%) might be worth noticing as important context keywords for studies carried out in 2023.

The most commonly referenced n-grams related to research methods mentioned in 2023 titles were secondary data analysis methods, specifically “systematic OR scoping OR literature reviews” (n = 194, 5.8%) and “meta-analyses” (n = 49, 1.9%). The most common primary data analysis method n-grams included “machine learning” (n = 43, 1.3%), “case study” (n = 43, 1.3%), “network analysis” (n = 23, 0.7%), and “mixed methods” (n = 24, 0.7%). Additionally, several keywords related to measuring educational success in the titles of 2023 journal articles are noteworthy. Specifically, search terms “effect” (n = 202, 6.0%), “performance” (n = 193, 5.8%), “impact” (n = 148, 4.4%), “evaluation” (n = 82, 2.4%), “effectiveness” and “achievement” (both n = 77, 2.3%), and “outcome” (n = 68, 2.0%).

Regarding modality, the dominant term continues to be “online” (n = 469, 14%) and the n-gram “online teaching OR online learning” (n = 150, 4.5%), outnumbering the next-highest n-gram, “blended learning” (n = 31, 0.9%), at a rate of 5-to-1. Although, from closer investigation of the titles, it appears that “online,” “distance,” “blended,” “remote,” and a variety of other terms are sometimes used interchangeably to describe a broad spectrum of internet-mediated synchronous or asynchronous learning situations. Immersive environments, in the form of “virtual,” “augmented,” and “mixed reality,” in that order, were also of interest. Specifically, the search term “virtual” appeared 188 times (5.6%), and n-grams “virtual reality” were seen 110 times (3.3%), “augmented reality” 63 times (1.9%), and “immersive virtual” 22 times (0.7%). Notably, references to “artificial intelligence” more than doubled from the previous year (n = 91, increase from 1.4% to 2.7%), and “learning analytics” also saw increased attention (n = 72, 1.6% to 2.1%).

What Was Trending among School and School District Facebook Groups in 2023?

The comprehensive analysis of hyperlinks shared on school and district Facebook pages revealed significant trends in technology adoption and usage within K-12 educational settings. Table 3 showcases the top fifteen domains by their prevalence and highlights the evolving landscape of digital tools in education from 2021 to 2023.

To identify the technologies shared on school and district Facebook pages, we scrutinized the domain names of all hyperlinks posted across 16,309 publicly accessible pages, totaling 10,597,076 posts. Executing this analysis involved exploring the homepages of all schools and school districts in the U.S. for links to Facebook pages. Subsequently, we uploaded the identified links to Facebook pages onto the CrowdTangle platform to access publicly available posts for the years 2021–2023 and identified the domains of websites linked within schools' and districts' posts. Additional details on the data collection approach can be found in Rosenberg et al. ( 2022 ). The top fifteen most-shared domains, delineated by year (2021, 2022, and 2023), are presented in Table 3 . The following explanation may help the reader interpret the table. For instance, in 2023, 7049, or 43% of schools or districts with publicly accessible Facebook pages, shared one or more links to docs.google.com , and the domain was shared on average 5.3 times.

Upon reviewing the years 2021 to 2023, we observed the continued dominance of Google services, with Google Docs maintaining its position as the most shared domain for three consecutive years, as highlighted in prior research (Allman et al., 2023b ). YouTube follows closely behind, indicating the sustained prevalence of Google services in the mainstream usage of schools and school districts, underscoring the stability of these technologies within educational institutions. Simultaneously, we noted a significant decline in the percentage of YouTube links from 44% in 2021 and 41% in 2022 to 33% in 2023. This shift might reflect a broader trend towards prioritizing the digital privacy and security of students within the educational community, influencing how schools and districts curate and share content on social media platforms. The trend in Zoom links continues to decline, with the proportion of districts sharing Zoom links decreasing from 21% in 2021 to 11% in 2022 and further dropping to 7% in 2023. This decline aligns with the reduced engagement in remote activities across various schools and school districts. Additionally, tools facilitating event sign-ups, exemplified by SignUpGenius and gofan.co , experienced steady increases, indicating a surge in posts promoting event registrations post-COVID-19 pandemic. Other domains, such as bookfairs.scholastic.com , smore.com , eventbrite.com , and surveymonkey.com , have consistently maintained their presence in the top ten over the past three years. Their similar frequency suggests the sustained importance of tools for school-parent communication, book sales, event management, and survey services within K-12 schools and districts.

What Were Trends in EdTech Open Educational Resources (OER) in 2023?

In addition to Scopus and social media trends, we also examined an EdTech-focused Open Educational Resource (OER) platform EdTech Books ( https://edtechbooks.org ). OER are “teaching, learning, and research materials that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits their free use and re-purposing by others” (Creative Commons, 2020 ). OER can take various forms and sizes, including textbooks, lessons, courses, learning activities, assessments, technologies, syllabi, images, presentations, videos, and graphics. Being ‘open’ means that OER is freely accessible to anyone with internet access and can be retained, reused, redistributed, revised, and remixed as needed (Wiley, n.d. ), providing significant opportunities for improving “the quality and affordability of education for learners everywhere” (Wiley & Hilton, 2018 , p. 144). Research has repeatedly shown that OER quality is comparable to commercial resources (Clinton & Khan, 2019 ; Kimmons, 2015 ), and their adoption does not negatively impact student learning (Hilton, 2016 , 2019 ) while saving students money (Clinton, 2018 ; Hilton, 2016 ; Ikahihifo et al., 2017 ) and providing a variety of other benefits (Kimmons, 2016 ). In 2023, almost two-thirds (64%) of U.S. higher education faculty are aware of OER, and 29% of faculty require OER in their courses (Seaman & Seaman, 2023b ).

For this year’s OER analysis, we again selected EdTech Books as the authors are most familiar with this platform and have ready access to data. In 2023, ETB provided free OER to more than 1.5 million users worldwide. We believe that as an EdTech-focused platform, EdTech Books analytics may provide valuable insights into user behavior and how OER are developed, adopted, and used in our field.

A perusal of the most popular books (Table 4 ) and chapters (Table 5 ) revealed that readers seemed to be drawn to these resources when they were seeking information on broad theoretical aspects of educational technology (e.g., behaviorism, constructivism, socioculturalism), technology-specific guidance (e.g., how to use a specific tool), or research and evaluation guidelines (e.g., mixed methods or sampling procedures). This is consistent with our findings from last year (Allman et al., 2023b ).

A closer analysis of the most popular books and chapters suggested that the top trending chapters are most influenced by organic traffic via search engines rather than direct links (such as from a course). This underscores the importance of indexing and optimizing OER resources to increase exposure and impact. On the other hand, EdTech books that were most accessed may have been influenced by OER adoption behaviors and instructors’ pedagogical decisions as part of formal access to instructional resources. For example, students might have been instructed to read carefully, which could mean accessing longer chapters several times or downloading them as PDF for annotation or later retrieval. Another instructor may encourage the use of social annotation tools, such as Hypothesis, to complete collaborative classroom assignments, encouraging students to return to a chapter several times and thus increasing overall book views. Additionally, ease of access or anticipation of fees to access may also explain why some books have higher PDF downloads than expected. For example, West’s Foundations of Learning and Instructional Design Technology (highest PDF downloads) is often sought out with search terms like “instructional design pdf,” which suggests that learners are intentionally seeking local copies of these particular resources.

We found that the United States (29.7%), the Philippines (14.1%), and India (6.2%) were again the heaviest users of the platform, with overall use of the platform becoming less centralized to the U.S. We also found an increase in overall mobile device access to the platform, with 39.7% of users accessing on a phone as opposed to 59% on a desktop or laptop. This reveals an increasing trend of globalization of educational-technology-related OER and the need to be attentive to their accessibility with various device configurations and bandwidth limitations.

References to Artificial Intelligence and OER on University Websites and Teachers Pay Teachers

Further exploring how large public data sources might help us identify patterns in the field, we used the Google Custom Search API to scrape data from university websites (cf., such as Kimmons & Veletsianos, 2021 and Veletsianos et al., 2023 ) and descriptions of resources uploaded to the popular curricular sharing site Teachers Pay Teachers (TPT) to understand the frequencies and nature of references to two key terms of particular interest to the authors: “artificial intelligence” and “OER”.

In considering Google indexing results of university websites, it is necessary to limit analyses to a few sets of interesting a priori terms. So, for this analysis, we limited our considerations to AI, given its current interest in the larger social context, and OER, given its attention in educational technology and the topic’s relationship to university missions as public caretakers of knowledge. Results showed that 66.4% of universities mentioned “generative artificial intelligence,” “generative AI,” or “ChatGPT,” and 47.7% referenced “open educational resource” or “open textbook,” with references to generative AI outnumbering references to OER at a rate of nearly 5-to-1 (see Table 6 ). In both cases, politically blue states (Democratic according to the most recent U.S. presidential election) were more likely to reference these technologies than were politically red (Republican) states. However, urban states were more likely to reference “AI,” and rural states were more likely to reference “OER.” Rhode Island, Utah, and Idaho were among the most likely to mention both, and Wyoming was the least likely to mention either. Interestingly, Hawaii was the most likely to mention artificial intelligence but was among the least likely to mention OER. This pattern suggests sociopolitical and economic differences in how educators pay attention to these technologies. Also, it suggests that universities may be more actively playing into the hype of new technologies (e.g., “AI”) in their communication efforts than serving as public distributors of valuable knowledge to their communities (e.g., “OER”).

In a similar vein, data extracted from the TPT website spanning from 2021 to 2023, encompassing 3,936,779 entries, were explored. Specific details regarding the data collection method can be found in (Shelton et al., 2022 ). The analysis revealed a total of 3,303 instances referencing AI-related keywords, including "generative artificial intelligence," "generative AI," "artificial intelligence," "DALL-E," and "ChatGPT." In contrast, mentions of "open educational resource" or "open textbook" numbered 4,285 (see Table 7 for details).

The analysis of the data suggested a growing trend of references to AI-related educational resources on the TPT platform from 2021 to 2023. Notably, despite the proportion of AI-related resources being low before 2023, there has been a remarkable uptick in interest. The number of AI-related resources in 2021 and 2022 were less than 0.05%. Specifically, in 2021, only 521 out of 1,060,241 or 0.049% of total resources and 528 out of 1,268,771 (0.042%) resources in 2022 were related to AI. In 2023, the mentions of AI surged to 2,254 out of 1,607,767 or 0.14% resources, representing almost a threefold increase from the 2022 figures, indicating a burgeoning interest in AI within K-12 educational resources. This surge aligns with the rising interest and integration of AI in educational settings, particularly following the release of generative artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT in November 2022, reflecting educators' growing curiosity and the pressing need to incorporate AI into their teaching resources.

Compared to the mentions of Open Educational Resources (OER), AI references are fewer in number. However, the ratio of nearly 1-to-1.3 (AI to OER) suggests that AI is also becoming a topic of significant interest within educational resources in the K-12 setting. This is particularly noteworthy given that OERs have been a mainstay in educational discussions for a longer period, emphasizing the rapid ascension of AI as a key area of focus. The increasing mention of specific AI tools like "DALL-E" and "ChatGPT" possibly indicates a shift in the educational resource landscape, where innovative AI tools are starting to play a central role in creating and disseminating educational content. This shift could be attributed to the capabilities of generative AI, offering novel approaches to personalized learning, automated content generation, and interactive learning experiences. The disparity between the growth of AI vs. OER references could also reflect the evolving nature of educational technology, where there is a move from traditional open resources to more dynamic, adaptive, and personalized learning experiences AI offers. Integrating AI in educational resources can represent a transformative step in educational technology, potentially reshaping how educational content is created, distributed, and consumed. However, as AI online educational resources rapidly expand, concerns like academic fraud, information bias, and ethical dilemmas arise and deserve closer attention. Recommendations from educational technology experts are especially relevant and needed since markets often lack the motivation to regulate content under platform capitalism (Rodríguez et al., 2020 ).

Discussion and Conclusion

The analyses of the data from Scopus, Facebook, and EdTech Books, as well as the examination of AI and OER-related terms using Google Custom Search API and Teachers Pay Teachers, represent snapshots from different angles and offer valuable insights into the current state of the educational technology field. Moreover, by comparing some of the 2023 results to previous years, we observed several developmental directions and trends that may guide educational researchers and practitioners for future work.

The Scopus data suggested that studies published in the top EdTech journals in 2023 were predominantly conducted in higher education contexts, and among K-12 studies, secondary contexts were more common than elementary. Not surprisingly, references to COVID-19 declined from previous years. Interestingly, although COVID-19 was less referenced, the terms “online teaching” and “online learning” were frequently mentioned, remaining a dominant learning modality. Secondary data analysis methods, such as literature reviews and meta-analyses, were the most common research methods. However, it is important to mention that this year’s analysis included only titles, not abstracts, as was done in previous years, which may typically include fewer references to primary research methods. Keywords related to emerging technologies, including virtual reality, augmented reality, artificial intelligence, and learning analytics, were also frequently mentioned in the titles.

Through analyzing the hyperlinks on school and school district Facebook pages, we observed that Google-provided services, such as Google Docs, YouTube, and Google search engine, were the most included external links, which seems to be consistent with our findings from previous years (Allman et al., 2023b ; Kimmons et al., 2021 ; Kimmons & Rosenberg, 2022 ). A trend worth mentioning is the consistent decline of Zoom links and increased links to school event planning and registration sites between 2021 and 2023. This suggests a return to in-person learning and an increased school social event activity post-COVID-19.

The analysis of EdTechBooks data as a proxy for OER behavior in the field of educational technology revealed that, similar to last year’s findings, readers continue seeking resources related to theory, educational technology topics, and research and evaluation methods. Closer analysis suggested that chapter access might be more influenced by the organic traffic from search engines. In contrast, book access may be more tied to OER adoption and formal educational setting behaviors, such as course instructional material choices and instructor pedagogical decisions. The increase in global and mobile OER access further emphasizes the importance of technical and design decisions related to accessibility, flexibility, and social justice issues during OER design and development (Allman et al., 2023a ).

Finally, the results of further examining AI and OER-related terms on university websites and Teachers Pay Teachers were intriguing. One interesting finding was that universities in politically blue states were more likely to refer to both technologies than universities in politically red states. Additionally, universities in urban states typically referenced AI more often, while rural state universities more likely referenced OER. This suggests that EdTech attention may be associated with social, political, and economic factors, such as available capital and resources. The analysis of resources on the Teachers Pay Teachers platform emphasized a rising interest in AI in K-12 educational resources while the interest in OER resources remained steady. Among the AI tools, references to generative AI tools such as ChatGPT increased the most, suggesting interest in applying these tools in education and educational content creation.

This year’s analyses indicated that the field of educational technology continues to be influenced by the past pandemic as well as emerging technologies. Even though COVID-19 has gradually faded out in people’s lives, online learning has become a widely accepted way of learning, and technology-mediated instruction has become a norm in all educational settings. Digital educational resources replaced, for the most part, traditional print materials both in higher education and K-12 settings (Seaman & Seaman, 2023a , 2023b ). Mobile and digital learning platforms make learning more accessible and facilitate collaboration through cloud-based services across modalities. OER remain an interest in K-12 and higher ed, particularly in rural states. Immersive technologies continue transforming the EdTech landscape, integrating VR, AR, and gamification elements into learning environments for more engaging experiences. We found that AI and generative AI, in particular, are topics that are notably raising interest in the educational technology field. Utilizing generative AI to produce content and instructional resources, provide adaptive and personalized learning experiences, and automate assessment and evaluation are only a few potential applications that could transform the field of educational technology in the near future. Although the inclusion of AI is relevant at the university and K-12 level, social, political, and economic influences and implications need to be considered. Recognizing that many across educational sectors feel unprepared for AI-related changes (Cengage, 2023 ), we should embrace these new technologies with optimistic caution, carefully considering potentials balanced against security, privacy, and other concerns.

Data Availability

Data is available upon request.

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Entertainment

Japan sex-ed group faces tough requests on 'taboo' topic: 'Don't talk about intercourse'

April 1, 2024 (Mainichi Japan)

Japanese version

KAKAMIGAHARA, Gifu -- When a citizens group in this city that provides sex education to children was preparing for a talk at an elementary school, it received a request from the school: "Please don't talk about intercourse."

It's not unusual for sex education group "Kokoiku" to receive such requests from facilities they visit. As requested, members used dummies and other materials to teach about the mechanisms of the human body, menstruation, ejaculation, pregnancy and childbirth as usual, but did not teach about sexual intercourse. However, after the lecture, children asked them, "Where do babies come from?"

Kokoiku was founded in 2010 mainly by mothers raising children, including 54-year-old head Akiko Nakamura. It aims to deliver accurate knowledge to children amid a flood of dubious information about sex on the internet. Nakamura, who is also a midwife, came to realize the lack of sexual knowledge among women through her interactions with those who had unwanted pregnancies. Thirty to 40 times a year, the group receives requests for lectures from institutions including preschools, elementary schools, junior high schools and senior high schools in Gifu, Aichi and Shiga prefectures.

'No need to teach such things as sexual intercourse'

Kokoiku visited the municipal Shimouchi Elementary School in the city of Seki, Gifu Prefecture, on Jan. 18. Members began delivering their lecture in front of fourth graders who looked eager to learn.

After talking about the mechanisms of the human body, they read aloud a "kamishibai" paper play that illustrated an encounter between a man and a woman and scenes of sexual intercourse, and explained, "You were born after an egg and a sperm became one." Touching on equal human relationships and sexual diversity, they added, "Thank you for being born."

This type of class is called "comprehensive sexuality education." International organizations such as UNESCO have prepared guidance outlining how to proceed with lessons, and it is considered the international standard for sex education. Eight concepts such as understanding gender, the human body and its development, and sexual and reproductive health are gradually and consistently taught from ages 5 to 18.

Children aged between 9 and 12 are taught that pregnancy can occur as a result of sexual intercourse. This aims to teach children to make their own informed decisions about when and with whom to have sexual intercourse, and that the safest way to prevent premature pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases is to avoid sex.

Despite global trends, teaching about sexual intercourse tends to be seen as taboo in Japanese public education. One of the reasons for this is restrictions implemented in the curriculum guidelines for elementary and junior high schools, which regulate what can or cannot be taught to students. These state that science class for fifth graders "should not cover the process of human fertilization," and the health and physical education course for junior high schoolers "should not cover the process of pregnancy."

There have been many cases where lectures by Kokoiku have been canceled due to these restrictions. Nakamura told the Mainichi Shimbun, "In addition to complaints from parents who say, 'There's no need to teach such things as sexual intercourse,' in many cases, there are cancellations due to (school) policy shifts based on personnel changes."

The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, however, has presented the view that "it is possible to teach content that isn't specified in the curriculum guidelines as needed, regardless of the restrictions." But it is unclear what "as needed" means, and some education boards in central Japan's Tokai region stated, "It's difficult to decide how to move forward with procedures," and, "We only tell schools to follow the curriculum guidelines."

Children informed by friends, seniors, internet

Under such circumstances, where do children get their information?

According to a survey of about 10,000 junior and senior high school and university students conducted in 2017 by the Japanese Association for Sex Education under the Tokyo-based Foundation for the Advancement of Juvenile Education in Japan, 40% to 60% of respondents chose "friends and elder peers" as their source of information about sexual intercourse, forming the largest group. In particular, male senior high school and university students tended to obtain information from the internet, social media and porn videos rather than from school classes and textbooks.

Akemi Furukawa, 57, who is involved in the operation of Kokoiku, fears that some children regard online information and porn videos as their "textbooks." Her concern stems from the fact that many such sources are created with a male-dominated mindset that is far removed from reality.

While sex is still often perceived as something shameful and obscene in Japan, Furukawa explained that "topics relating to sex are wonderful, playing a part in the chain of life." She added, "We accordingly need to carefully teach people that forcing others to have sex is wrong."

Kokoiku receives letters of feedback from the schools they visit. One child wrote, "I'm happy I got to know how I was born," while another wrote, "I want to say 'thank you' to my mother."

The group aspires to teach the entire process including sexual intercourse because members don't want to see anyone become unhappy. Unwanted pregnancies and sexual violence keep on occurring. But with her group's teaching, Nakamura says, "I want children to know that their existence is important, and that they were born as a result of their parents' love for each other. If they understand that, then they should also understand that the child next to them, and the one after that and so on, are all equally precious."

(Japanese original by Richi Tanaka, Nagoya News Center)

Lawmakers propose rights-based comprehensive sex ed be promoted at Japanese schools
43,000 signatures seeking review of sex education at Japanese schools submitted

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