essay about cybercrime law in the philippines

• Commercial Law
• Constitutional Law
• Criminal Law
• Law Related Discussion
• Legal Ethics
• Procedural Law
• Special Penal Laws
• Cybercrime Law in the Philippines | Brief Synopsis

by  RALB Law

The Philippines’ legal framework for cybercrime and electronic evidence is substantially consistent with the Budapest Convention, with the Cybercrime Prevention Act taking effect in February 2014.

The Congress of the Philippines passed Republic Act No. 10175, 1 often known as the “Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012,” which addresses all types of cybercrime committed against and by means of computer system on September 12, 2012.

It contains substantive penal regulations, procedural courses of action, and international cooperation rules. In the Philippines, amendatory bills on cybercrime investigations are always on hindsight, with contemporary provisions on procedural powers, obligations, and extradition being continuously explored.

The dynamism of information technology likewise necessitates constant evolution on the legal approaches that may be subsequently needed as a result of the emergence of novel situations.

The modifications are intended to give prosecutors and investigators with a structured approach to cybercrime probes and to further align national legislation with the Budapest Convention.

The Philippine Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 focuses on preventing, detecting, and prosecuting cybercrimes such as offenses against the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of computer data and systems, as well as computer-related and content-related offenses.

Furthermore, Section 6 of the Act states that any crimes specified and punished by the Revised Penal Code , as amended, and special laws that are committed by, through, or with the use of information and communications technology are covered by the Revised Penal Code’s applicable provisions.

It is provided, however, that the penalty imposed shall be one degree greater than that imposed under the Revised Penal Code, as amended, and special legislation, as applicable.

Furthermore, Section 7 of the Cybercrime Act states that any prosecution under the Act is without prejudice to any culpability for violating any provision of the Revised Penal Code, as amended, or special laws.

What is cybercrime law all about?

Cybercrime law establishes standards of acceptable behavior for users of information and communication technology (ICT).

It protects ICT users in general, and mitigates and/or prevents harm to people, data, systems, services, and infrastructure in particular; protects human rights.

This modern day law enables the investigation and prosecution of online crimes and promotes international cooperation on cybercrime issues.

The usage of the internet, computers, and similar digital technology, as well as the acts of the public, government, and commercial sector, are governed by cybercrime legislation, which includes rules of proof and criminal procedure, and other cybercrime-related criminal justice issues.

This statute [Cybercrime Law], as well, provides regulation in order to decrease risk and/or ameliorate the harm caused to persons, businesses, and infrastructure in the event of a cybercrime. As a result, cybercrime law includes substantive, procedural, and preventive.

The State’s awareness of the information and communications sectors’ critical role in the nation’s overall social and economic growth, as well as the necessity to preserve and safeguard computer systems and networks from all types of misuse, abuse, and unlawful access.

The transgressions against computer data and systems’ confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This category includes offenses such as unauthorized access to a computer system or unauthorized access to a computer, as well as cybersquatting, or the acquisition of a domain name in bad faith in order to profit, mislead, and destroy reputation, as well as preventing others from registering the name.

What is the punishment of cybercrime?

As stated above, this cybercrime law is punitive in nature. Thus, the Act punishes anyone who tries to commit a cybercrime, or who intentionally abets or assists in the conduct of a cybercrime, as defined and penalized under the law itself or in relation to the Revised Penal Code.

Furthermore, the Act states that all crimes listed under current laws shall be covered by the Act’s applicable provisions if they are committed through and with the use of information and communications technologies.

Cybercrime Libel | Online Libel

Several bills were presented shortly after the Cybercrime Prevention Act was signed into law in September 2012, with the goal of repealing key sections of Republic Act No. 10175, including the restrictions on online libel .

Such legislation aimed to address the issue of online libel, which was seen as a sort of online censorship in and of itself.

The Supreme Court ruled that online libel only applies to those who create or publish libelous content, not to those who read, comment to, like, or share it. A bill was introduced in the 17th Congress to evaluate these disputed issues that jeopardize the right to free speech.

Procedural Course of Action

The Philippine Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 also establishes procedural requirements for law enforcement agencies charged with enforcing and implementing 2 the provisions.

To ensure that the technical nature of cybercrime and its prevention is prioritized, as well as the procedures for international cooperation, law enforcement authorities, specifically the computer or technology crime divisions responsible for cybercrime investigations, are required to submit timely and accurate reports.

The Department of Justice (DOJ) is the one who will handle the evaluation and monitoring, including pre-operation, post-operation, and investigation outcomes, as well as any other documentation that may be necessary.

The National Cybersecurity Plan has four main objectives:

(1) ensuring the continuous operation of the nation’s critical information infrastructures, public and military networks;

(2) implementing cyber resiliency measures to improve the ability to respond to threats before, during, and after attacks;

(3) effective coordination with law enforcement agencies; and

(4) a cybersecurity-aware society.

Seizure Warrants | Cybercrime | Nutshell Discussion

As a necessary consequence of this cybercrime law is the adoption of cybercrime warrants. While our procedural rules govern and regulate the issuance of the commonly known search warrants , nonetheless, by the nature of the object of the seizure or the things to be seized, which are not tangible object, but virtual ones, such as electronic information, the present rules 3 relating to regular search warrants may not be sufficient to address that situation of electronic data seizure.

Hence, when what is involved are electronic data, which are illegal in nature or operation and can be the object of search and seizure, the Supreme Court of the Philippines, as part of their rule-making power, promulgated 4 A.M. No. 17-11-03-SC otherwise known as the Cybercrime Warrants.

• Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 [ ↩ ]
• Implementing Rules, Republic Act No. 10175 [ ↩ ]
• Search and Seizure , Rule 126 of the Rules of Criminal Procedure [ ↩ ]
• Rule on Cybercrime Warrants , A.M. No. 17-11-03-SC [ ↩ ]

RALB Law | RABR & Associates Law Firm

Leave a reply.

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked

Name * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Email * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

You cannot copy content of this page

By providing an email address. I agree to the Terms of Use and acknowledge that I have read the Privacy Policy .

Cybercrime law as a weapon vs criticism in a time of pandemic

Amid COVID-19, the Philippine government has focused its attention more on suppressing freedom of expression in the guise of protecting the nation from “anarchy, chaos, fear and confusion” during the pandemic.

The line that has been drawn, however, between legitimate calls for improved health and medical services and “sedition” is unclear.

Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte had already sent a clear message — arrest all his critics.

And what would be the best time to silence critics?

On March 23, Congress passed a law giving Duterte additional powers to effectively deliver social services to millions of Filipinos kept at home by enhanced community quarantine (ECQ).

Known as Bayanihan Heal as One Act (Republic Act No. 11469), the law is valid for only three months. ECQ measures in some areas with no or low infection rates was lifted.

Rule of law except for the few

On May 5, a social studies teacher from Zambales tweeted, “I will give P50 million reward kung sino makakapatay kay Duterte (whoever can kill Duterte).”

He was arrested by the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI).

According to GMA News, NBI Director Eric Distor said the NBI is “serious in carrying out its mandate to pursue cases involving threats to security or assaults against the person of the President as well as of the Vice President, Senate President, Speaker of the House of Representatives and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court”.

It was mandated by the NBI Reorganization and Modernization Act, the NBI chief said.

On the same day, ABS-CBN, the Philippines ’ largest TV network, threatened by Mr. Duterte since 2019, was shut down by the National Telecommunications Commission (NTC) which said the network cannot operate legally after the lapse of its franchise.

On March 27, a 55-year old public school teacher in General Santos City, Juliet Espinosa, was charged with sedition involving cybercrime after posting her criticism on Facebook of alleged lack of relief goods being distributed to people who needed aid.

On April 19, Cebu-based artist Maria Victoria “Bambi” Beltran was arrested for allegedly violating the cybercrime law and the “fake news” provision of the Bayanihan Heal as One law after posting on Facebook that “9,000+ cases of COVID-19 in Zapatera, Cebu makes the city the epicenter in the whole solar system.”

Elanel Ordidor, a Filipina OFW in Taiwan, posted live videos on her Facebook page criticizing Duterte for the lockdown and use of force to enforce quarantine measures. On April 25, the official website of the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) posted a statement from Labor Attaché Fidel V. Macauyag asking Taiwan to deport Ordidor for violating the cybercrime law.

Macauyag said Ordidor committed an illegal act by posting “nasty and malevolent” materials against Duterte on Facebook intended to cause hatred amid the global health crisis brought by the COVID-19 pandemic”.

While the NBI runs after critics of the Duterte administration, the Presidential Communications Operations Office (PCOO) remained unscathed.

The PCOO, headed by former broadcaster Martin Andanar, shared a series of infographics from the National Task Force to End Local Communist ArmedConflict (NTF-ELCAC), accusing ABS-CBN of franchise violations and other propaganda, Red-baiting members of media and legal organizations.

Unlike ordinary Filipinos who suffered humiliation and arrest for violating the cybercrime law, Mocha Uson, Overseas Workers Welfare Administration (OWWA) deputy administrator, was given due process for posting fake news. Uson posted pictures on her social media claiming the personal protective equipment (PPE) she helped distribute was bought by the Department of Health (DOH). It was actually bought by the SM Foundation.

On the contrary, presidential spokesperson Harry Roque assured the international community that the Philippines has a “free and robust press where the critics and the political opposition remain vocal in their aversion to the current government.”

Cybercrime law in the Philippines

On July 11, 2011, the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 (Republic Act 10175) was signed into law by then President Benigno S. Aquino III. The Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) was signed on Aug. 12, 2015 by then Justice Secretary Leila de Lima and Interior Secretary Mar Roxas.

The law recognized the use of the internet in committing cyber crimes like pornography, trafficking, and fraud among others. However, the law also listed libel as among punishable cyber crimes. Libel is already a criminal case in the Revised Penal Code.

Under the cybercrime law, libel can constitute both oral and written. The internet has provided users with different avenues to express themselves. These can be Facebook posts, Twitter posts and live or uploaded videos.

Freedom of expression, a farce

How does it affect media practitioners? In a libel case, the Revised Penal Code under Article 360 includes not only the author but editors as well.

The law has been opposed by journalists, media workers and academics since 2012. In a statement released by the University of the Philippines College of Mass Communication (UP CMC) in October 2012, the Aquino administration was criticized for the chilling effect the law creates not only on communications and journalism students and media practitioners but also everyone else who has an opinion on something.

It covered practically all interpersonal communications processes through new media and “other devices” and imposed penalties, including imprisonment.

While the law was commendable for strengthening the fight against cyber crimes like pornography, cyber sex, cyber bullying and trafficking, it can also lead to abuses.

“While the law has inclusions that protect and help international crimes, it was an unnecessary curtailment of civil liberties and draconian legislation,” Marcel Milliam, a law scholar, said.

Eight years since RA 10175 was enacted, its enforcement has caught on critics of the government.

Maria Ressa, online news site Rappler CEO, and Reynaldo Santos, writer, were charged with cyber libel for a story in 2012 about businessman Wilfredo Keng and his alleged connection with a judge.

“This makes press freedom a farce as early as that time,” said Danilo Arao, UP journalism professor and media practitioner.

“With the weaponization of laws to suppress our basic freedoms, press freedom gets killed with the rise of a tyrant into power in 2016,” he said.

Arao also claimed that RA No. 10175 and laws on inciting to sedition are being used against the people.

In the Revised Penal Code, sedition is a crime which involved speeches, proclamations, writings, emblems, cartoons, banners or other representations leading to the same end or upon any person or persons who shall utter seditious words or speeches, write, publish or circulate libel against the Republic of the Philippines or any of its duly constituted authority.

If the Philippines has an extradition treaty with another country where the offense was committed, the offender can be extradited.

Although this is commonly done to cybercriminals, the law is not specific on which criminal acts. Hence, requesting the deportation of Ordidor from Taiwan was testing the waters. Fortunately, the Taiwan Ministry of Foreign Affairs rejected the request putting emphasis on freedom of expression even among migrant workers.

Applying the territorial principle of Philippine criminal law, the libel must be committed in the Philippines before it becomes punishable. Because of the internet, cyber libel has now a different scope.

“Libel is easy to allege but hard to prove, especially if the complainant is a public official or a public figure,” said Joel Jabal, president of the Integrated Bar of the Philippines Oriental Mindoro chapter.

“But definitely libel laws have always been used to silence critics and suppress dissenters,” Jabal said.

Speak truth to power

The internet, particularly social media, has been instrumental in conveying our messages across the world. It has bound us together as a community particularly in times of pandemic.

Although we are not discounting that social media are also used adversely, these have been effective tools in expressing our disappointments and demanding accountability from our government officials. But the authoritarian tendencies of Duterte are now using social media against us.

In the Bill of Rights of the Philippine Constitution, it is stated that “No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for a redress of grievances.”

The Duterte administration is instilling fear to discourage Filipinos from asking legitimate questions. Posting or airing discontent in any form may result in cybercrime charges and worse, sedition.

As the pandemic ravages the Philippines, the administration has been focusing more on its perceived enemies and arresting critics of the government instead of addressing the shortage of PPE, lack of health and medical assistance to the poor, lack of testing kits, increasing poverty and the plummeting economy.

Despite the threats and the likelihood of Red-baiting, journalists, academics, other people refused to be cowered. It is only through our collective efforts that we can end the tyranny.

Subscribe to our daily newsletter

“The people should not allow this to happen. The silver lining is that there is a critical mass of people who are brave enough to speak truth to power,” Professor Arao said.

For more news about the novel coronavirus click here. What you need to know about Coronavirus. For more information on COVID-19, call the DOH Hotline: (02) 86517800 local 1149/1150.

The Inquirer Foundation supports our healthcare frontliners and is still accepting cash donations to be deposited at Banco de Oro (BDO) current account #007960018860 or donate through PayMaya using this link .

Subscribe to our opinion columns

Disclaimer: Comments do not represent the views of INQUIRER.net. We reserve the right to exclude comments which are inconsistent with our editorial standards. FULL DISCLAIMER

© copyright 1997-2024 inquirer.net | all rights reserved.

We use cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. By continuing, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. To find out more, please click this link.

• Skip to primary navigation
• Skip to main content
• Skip to primary sidebar
• Skip to footer

Conventus Law

More results...

Philippines – New Rules On Issuance Of Cybercrime Warrants And Filing Cybercrime Cases.

September 23, 2018 by Conventus Law

23 September, 2018

Cybercrime Litigation: New Rules on Issuance of Cybercrime Warrants and Filing Cybercrime Cases 

Recent issuances by the Supreme Court and the Department of Justice (DOJ) give rise to two important developments in the field of Cybercrime litigation. The Supreme Court recently approved A.M. No. 17-11-03-SC, or the Rule on Cybercrime Warrants, which became effective on 15 August 2018. Meanwhile, the DOJ issued Advisory Opinion No. 1, s. 2018, clarifying the roles of the National Bureau of Investigation ("NBI") and the Philippine National Police (PNP) in the prosecution of cybercrime cases.

Filing a complaint with the NBI or the PNP not a requirement for prosecuting a cybercrime case

In an Advisory Opinion, the DOJ clarified that cybercrime complaints can be filed directly with the prosecutor's office, without need of prior investigation by the NBI-Cybercrime Division or the PNP Anti-Cybercrime Group. 

The Advisory Opinion was issued in the wake of cybercrime cases being dismissed by prosecutors, for failure of complainants to first initiate an investigation by the NBI-Cybercrime Division or the PNP Anti-Cybercrime Group — citing Section 10 of the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 which provides that "the NBI and the PNP shall organize a cybercrime unit or center manned by special investigators to exclusively handle cases involving violations of this Act." 

The DOJ clarified that the phrase "to exclusively handle cases involving violations of this Act" in Section 10 of the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 does not confer on these agencies the sole authority to investigate cybercrime cases. It only provides a limitation on the type of cases that may be handled by these agencies.

However, parties remain free to ask for these agencies' assistance, or obtain the services of private forensic experts, if needed. 

Cybercrime warrants

A.M. No. 17-11-03-SC provides for the issuance of 4 types of warrants, which are briefly discussed below. 

(1) Warrant to Disclose Computer Data (WDCD)

A WDCD requires any person or service provider to disclose subscriber's information, traffic data, or relevant data in his/her or its possession or control within 72 hours from receipt of the order. A request for WDCD may only be filed if there is a complaint officially docketed and assigned for investigation and the disclosure is necessary and relevant for the investigation. Among others, the request for WDCD must state the relevance and necessity of the data sought and describe particularly the information sought to be disclosed.

(2) Warrant to Intercept Computer Data (WICD)

A WICD authorizes the law enforcement authorities to listen to, record, monitor, or conduct surveillance of the content of communications, including the use of electronic eavesdropping or tapping devices. The request for a WICD must also state the relevance and necessity of the data sought and describe particularly the information sought to be disclosed. Also, the request must state the likely offense involved.

(3) Warrant to Search, Seize, and Examine Computer Data (WSSECD)

A WSSECD is similar to a search warrant, except the subject matter of a WSSECD is computer data. The request for a WSSECD must also state the relevance and necessity of the data sought and describe particularly the information sought to be seized and examined. Also, the request must state the likely offense involved. In addition, the request must contain an explanation of the search and seizure strategy to be implemented.

Upon the conduct of the seizure, law enforcement must file a return stating the (a) devices that were subject of the WSSECD and (b) the hash value of the computer data and/or the seized computer device or computer system containing such data.

(4) Warrant to Examine Computer Data (WECD)

A WECD is a warrant issued when a computer device or system is previously seized by another lawful method, such as a warrantless arrest. Before searching any device seized, law enforcement must apply for a WECD. The request for a WECD must also state the relevance and necessity of the data sought and describe particularly the information sought to be disclosed. Also, the request must state the likely offense involved.

Upon the conduct of the seizure, law enforcement must file a return stating the (a) devices that were subject of the WECD and (b) the hash value of the computer data and/or the seized computer device or computer system containing such data.

How these warrants can be obtained 

The four warrants described above are only obtained by law enforcement agencies (i.e., the PNP or the NBI) from Regional Trial Courts specially designated to handle cybercrime cases. Thus, private complainants will need to coordinate with such agencies if such warrants are to be obtained. 

Notably, Regional Trial Courts in Quezon City, Manila City, Makati City, Pasig City, Cebu City, Iloilo City, Davao City, and Cagayan de Oro City are empowered to issue warrants that are enforceable throughout the Philippines

Why these developments affect you

With the clarification issued by the DOJ, clients have more leeway in deciding whether to involve law enforcement agencies in an investigation preparatory to the filing of a cybercrime complaint against an individual. 

Also, clients who are encountering legal difficulties in proceeding with a cybercrime complaint, or who may have a complaint dismissed for failure to involve the NBI or PNP, may make use of the DOJ's Advisory Opinion.

Clients involved in cybercrime litigation may avail of the remedies afforded by the 4 new warrants, in coordination with law enforcement agencies. 

Meanwhile, considering that these warrants can be directed at "service providers" — broadly defined as an entity that provides users the ability to communicate using a computer system or that processes or stores computer data on behalf of a communication service or user — clients providing internet services, those providing platforms for communications and social media, and the like, should be prepared to respond to such warrants.

For further information, please contact: 

Donemark Calimon , Partner, Quisumbing Torres

[email protected] 

Register for your monthly Asia legal updates from Conventus Law

Error: Contact form not found.

US – Doron Goldstein Featured In Law360’s Article “Healthcare Hack May Be Wake-up Call For Industry And Gov’t”.

EU Adopts First Of A Series Of Voluntary Cybersecurity Certification Schemes.

Thailand’s Regulations For Cross-Border Personal Data Transfer Come Into Force.

- nopparat lalitkomon - senior associate, tilleke & gibbins.

CONVENTUS LAW

CONVENTUS DOCS CONVENTUS PEOPLE

3/f, Chinachem Tower 34-37 Connaught Road Central, Central, Hong Kong

[email protected]

This Act which is a consolidation of Senate Bill No. 2796 and House Bill No. 5808 was finally passed by the Senate and the House of Representatives on June 5, 2012 and June 4, 2012, respectively.

Approved: SEP 12 2012

(Sgd.) BENIGNO S. AQUINO III President of the Philippines

Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.

To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to  upgrade your browser .

Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.

• We're Hiring!
• Help Center

Philippines 2014-2015 Cybercrime Report The Rule of Law in Cyberspace Department of Justice

Related Papers

Ketan Patel

IJCSMC Journal

Cyber-crime, once the domain of disaffected genius teenagers as portrayed in the movies "War Games" and "Hackers," has grown into a mature and sophisticated threat to the open nature of the Internet. "Cyber-criminals," like their non-virtual traditional criminal counterparts, seek opportunity and are attracted to vacuums in law enforcement. The news media is filled with reports of debilitating denial of service attacks, defaced web sites, and new computer viruses worming their way through the nation's computers. However, there are countless other cyber-crimes that are not made public due to private industry's reluctance to publicize its vulnerability and the government's concern for security. Along with the phenomenal growth of the Internet has come the growth of cyber-crime opportunities. As a result of rapid adoption of the Internet globally, computer crimes include not only hacking and cracking, but now also include extortion, child pornography, money laundering, fraud, software pirating, and corporate espionage, to name a few. Law enforcement officials have been frustrated by the inability of legislators to keep cyber-crime legislation ahead of the fast-moving technological curve. At the same time, legislators face the need to balance the competing interests between individual rights, such as privacy and free speech, and the need to protect the integrity of the world's public and private networks. Further complicating cyber-crime enforcement is the area of legal jurisdiction. Like pollution control legislation, one country cannot by itself effectively enact laws that comprehensively address the problem of Internet crimes without cooperation from other nations. While the major international organizations, like the OECD and the G-8, are seriously discussing cooperative schemes, many countries do not share the urgency to combat cyber-crime for many reasons, including different values concerning piracy and espionage or the need to 132 address more pressing social problems. These countries, inadvertently or not, present the cyber-criminal with a safe haven to operate. Never before has it been so easy to commit a crime in one jurisdiction while hiding behind the jurisdiction of another. In section II of this article, we begin by providing an overview of cyber-crimes, the state of the law, and cyber-crime perpetrators and their motivations. Then, in section III we discuss in detail three major computer crimes and analyze how the different statutory subsections are applied depending upon the technical details of the crime itself. Just as a murder prosecution is dependent on how the crime was committed, different hacking techniques trigger different federal anti-computer crime subsections. We begin with a discussion of the various denial of service attacks and the applicable statutes. Next we discuss the technical details of several hacking techniques and apply the relevant statutory subsections to the specific techniques. Finally, we explore the various types of computer viruses and how viral "payloads" and the class of the targeted computer will determine which federal subsection can be applied to the crime. In section IV, we discuss proposed legislative changes to the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act and related privacy concerns.

CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research - Zenodo

Humuntal Pane

Fatima Haruna

Shashikant Sharma

Adv. Imran Ahmad

Success in any field of human activity leads to crime that needs mechanisms to control it. Legal provisions should provide assurance to users, empowerment to law enforcement agencies and deterrence to criminals. The law is as stringent as its enforcement. Crime is no longer limited to space, time or a group of people. Cyber space creates moral, civil and criminal wrongs. It has now given a new way to express criminal tendencies. Back in 1990, less than 100,000 people were able to log on to the Internet worldwide. Now around 500 million people are hooked up to surf the net around the globe. Until recently, many information technology (IT) professionals lacked awareness of and interest in the cyber crime phenomenon. In many cases, law enforcement officers have lacked the tools needed to tackle the problem; old laws didn't quite fit the crimes being committed, new laws hadn't quite caught up to the reality of what was happening, and there were few court precedents to look to for guidance. Furthermore, debates over privacy issues hampered the ability of enforcement agents to gather the evidence needed to prosecute these new cases. Finally, there was a certain amount of antipathy—or at the least, distrust— between the two most important players in any effective fight against cyber crime: law enforcement agencies and computer professionals. Yet close cooperation between the two is crucial if we are to control the cyber crime problem and make the Internet a safe " place " for its users. Law enforcement personnel understand the criminal mindset and know the basics of gathering evidence and bringing offenders to justice. IT personnel understand computers and networks, how they work, and how to track down information on them. Each has half of the key to defeating the cyber criminal. IT professionals need good definitions of cybercrime in order to know when (and what) to report to police, but law enforcement agencies must have statutory definitions of specific crimes in order to charge a criminal with an offense. The first step in specifically defining individual cybercrimes is to sort all the acts that can be considered cybercrimes into organized categories.

The Daily Star

Md. Golam Mostofa Hasan

A 2013 report by the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) and McAfee surveyed various implications of cybercrimes on global economy, business and employments. According to this CSIS report, the first report of its kind, cybercrime costs worldwide business an estimated £265bn a year. This cost represents 0.4% to 1.4% of global GDP. It also shows that 508,000 jobs in the USA alone and other 150,000 jobs in the EU are potentially lost each year from cybercrimes and cyber espionage. Though mostly the developed countries are the sufferers, the developing countries are also at great risks of cyber-attacks. Bangladesh is no different. Cyber security is one of the major challenges in Bangladesh at present as it is in the way of its digitalization. Till now there is no report or study to show how much damage or risks the economy of Bangladesh currently suffers due to cybercrimes. We already have seen the violent ramifications of cybercrimes in some recent terrorist attacks using updated information technology in our country. Also cyber violence against women becomes very common at present. The social impacts of these cyber violences are far reaching. Therefore, it is imperative now to think seriously the measures and mechanisms that Bangladesh can adopt to combat cybercrimes and to face the challenges of the rapid growth of information technology and internet. Bangladesh has already enacted certain laws to deal with crimes relating to computer and information technology. To combat cybercrimes properly, it needs to have up-to-date laws and legal mechanisms to investigate and prosecute cyber criminals. The Information and

Sameer Hinduja

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to quantify the number of cybercrime units that are on the world wide web and the manner in which they represent themselves, and to clarify how they are communicating information to their constituency (i.e. the visitors to their site) through new technology. Design/methodology/approach – There is no sampling frame that serves as an exhaustive list of law enforcement departments with web sites, nor law enforcement departments with computer crime units, nor law enforcement departments with cybercrime unit web sites. As such, the world wide web was combed using popular search engines to find as many US-based cybercrime unit web sites as possible. The final sample size was 88. Findings – The findings suggest that though cybercrime units across the USA typically have similar missions (e.g. to respond to one or more forms of computer crime), they used their self-representing web site in different ways. Beyond providing basic contact information and details about the cybercrime unit, web sites varied considerably in the depth and nature of their content. Units largely utilized these sites to simply exist on the world wide web. It was also unclear whether the sites actually fostered two-way communication between agencies and their constituents. Sites also placed an emphasis on providing information that visitors might use to reduce their vulnerability to victimization through educational efforts. Research limitations/implications – The sites in the sample all sought to inform their constituencies about the existence of the cybercrime unit they represent and the services they render, and to provide basic contact information. They seemingly differed, though, in the main intent and purpose of their site – which introduced variability in terms of the delivery of their content. Furthermore, disparities in available resources likely dictated the quality and depth of information presented on these sites. Practical implications – This work assesses the current state of law enforcement information delivery over the world wide web, and also informs best practices in quality, depth, and comprehensiveness of that information delivery. This can then be used by law enforcement departments who have a cybercrime unit web site to improve its current state and fine-tune communications and information dissemination efforts. Originality/value – This is the first assessment of the world wide web presences of US law enforcement cybercrime units and contributes to the knowledgebase associated with agency communication with external entities.

International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT)

IJERT Journal

https://www.ijert.org/a-descriptive-study-on-the-impact-of-cybercrime-and-possible-measures-to-curtail-its-spread-worldwide https://www.ijert.org/research/a-descriptive-study-on-the-impact-of-cybercrime-and-possible-measures-to-curtail-its-spread-worldwide-IJERTV9IS060565.pdf The 21 st century has been characterized by massive technological innovations that have shaped the way people interact. The social, political, and economic dimensions of human life are facilitated by a digital age that has encompassed the whole world. Universally, there has been a rapid rise in the use of computers and electronic gadgets. These developments have led to significant growth in criminality, especially in cyberspace. Cybercrimes have grown progressively with perpetrators developing newer and sophisticated techniques every day. Despite the measures taken by the international community to combat the vice and mitigate its effects, cybercrimes have continued to rise alarmingly across the world. According to Cyber Security Breaches Survey of 2018, 40% of businesses worldwide have been a victim of cybercrime. The research projects that up to six trillion dollars per year could be lost in the hands of cybercriminals. This study examines the various forms of cybercrimes worldwide and why there is a rapid increase in such activities. The study also recommends various measures and recommendations to curtail cybercrime incidents. They include the introduction of a concrete legal framework, establishment, and strengthening of cybercrime law enforcement organizations complete with high technology monitoring devices and modern infrastructure.

nurealam efaz

RELATED PAPERS

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

Robson Delai

The Analyst

Luigi Sanguigno

Folia Cryptogamica Estonica

Anna Mežaka

Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and video - NOSSDAV '06

Siddhartha Chattopadhyay

Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences

Sinem Akyüz

Daniel Bulte

Mari Valencia

Avances Investigación en Ingeniería

JOHN JAIRO GOMEZ

International journal of engineering research and technology

Dr R C SUGANTHE suganthe_rc.cse

Biomedicines

Tatiana Abakumova

Journal of Education and Practice

Ikram Fazil Khan

Fisheries science

Yeasin Arafat

João Marcos Góes

EngRN: Communication System (Topic)

jose angel alvarado

Aquaculture Environment Interactions

Knud Simonsen

Francesca Masino

2017 International Conference on Circuits, System and Simulation (ICCSS)

Frank Werner

Emergency Care Journal

Donato Alini

Journal of Civil & Environmental Engineering

Ayesha Nayab

Prisma Social

Luis Javier J R Rizo

Israel Law Review

Menahem Kanafi

Ellen Buczko

Journal of the Geological Society

David Jolley

Toxicologic Pathology

Allison M Hays

See More Documents Like This

•   We're Hiring!
•   Help Center
• Find new research papers in:
• Health Sciences
• Earth Sciences
• Cognitive Science
• Mathematics
• Computer Science
• Academia ©2024

404 Not found

Essay on Cybercrime Complaints In The Philippines

Students are often asked to write an essay on Cybercrime Complaints In The Philippines in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Cybercrime Complaints In The Philippines

Introduction.

Cybercrime refers to illegal activities done using computers or the internet. In the Philippines, cybercrime complaints are rising. This essay talks about this issue in simple words.

The Rise of Cybercrime

In the Philippines, cybercrime complaints have gone up. This is because more people are using the internet. They do things like shopping, banking, and chatting online. But, some people use the internet to do bad things. They steal information or money from others.

Types of Cybercrime

There are many types of cybercrime. Some people trick others into giving them money. This is called phishing. Others might spread harmful software, known as malware. These are just a few examples.

Government’s Role

The government in the Philippines is working hard to fight cybercrime. They have laws and teams to catch cybercriminals. They also teach people how to stay safe online. This is very important to stop cybercrime.

Cybercrime is a big problem in the Philippines. But, with the right steps, we can fight it. Everyone has a role to play. We should all learn how to use the internet safely.

250 Words Essay on Cybercrime Complaints In The Philippines

Understanding cybercrime.

Cybercrime is a crime that takes place online, on the internet. It can involve stealing someone’s personal information, bullying people online, or even spreading fake news. It’s a big problem all over the world, including in the Philippines.

The Rise of Cybercrime in the Philippines

In the Philippines, cybercrime is growing fast. This is because more people are using the internet for work, school, and fun. But some people use it to commit crimes. In 2020, the Philippines’ cybercrime complaints were nearly double compared to 2019. This shows that cybercrime is a serious issue in the country.

Types of Cybercrime Complaints

There are many types of cybercrime complaints in the Philippines. Some of the most common ones include identity theft, online scams, and cyberbullying. Identity theft is when someone steals your personal information, like your name and credit card details, without your permission. Online scams trick people into giving away their money or personal details. Cyberbullying is when someone uses the internet to hurt or embarrass another person.

Dealing with Cybercrime

The Philippines government is working hard to fight cybercrime. They have set up a special group, called the Cybercrime Investigation and Coordinating Center, to handle these issues. They also have strict laws to punish those who commit cybercrimes.

In conclusion, cybercrime is a growing problem in the Philippines. It’s important to stay safe online and report any suspicious activity. The government is doing its part, but we all need to do ours too. Remember, the internet can be a great tool, but only if we use it responsibly.

500 Words Essay on Cybercrime Complaints In The Philippines

Introduction to cybercrime.

Cybercrime is a term we use for crimes that use computers and the internet. These crimes can include things like stealing personal information, spreading harmful content, or disrupting digital systems. The Philippines, like other countries, has seen a rise in cybercrime.

Understanding Cybercrime in the Philippines

In the Philippines, cybercrime is a big problem. The number of complaints about these crimes has been increasing. In 2020 alone, the Philippine National Police (PNP) received more than 4,000 cybercrime complaints. This shows that it’s a serious issue that needs attention.

The Types of Cybercrime Complaints

There are many types of cybercrimes that people in the Philippines complain about. Some common ones are online scams, identity theft, and online libel. Online scams trick people into giving away money or personal information. Identity theft is when someone uses another person’s details, like their name or bank account, without permission. Online libel is when someone spreads false information about another person on the internet.

The Impact of Cybercrime

Cybercrime can have a big impact on people’s lives. It can lead to loss of money, damage to reputation, and emotional distress. For businesses, it can lead to loss of customer trust and financial loss. For the country, it can slow down economic growth and make people feel unsafe using digital technologies.

Efforts to Fight Cybercrime

The Philippine government is working hard to fight cybercrime. They have set up a special group called the Anti-Cybercrime Group (ACG) to handle these crimes. They also passed a law in 2012, the Cybercrime Prevention Act, to punish people who commit these crimes.

What Can Be Done to Reduce Cybercrime

To reduce cybercrime, everyone needs to play a part. People should learn how to protect themselves online. This includes using strong passwords, being careful about sharing personal information, and not clicking on suspicious links. Schools can help by teaching students about online safety. The government can also keep improving its laws and systems to fight cybercrime.

In conclusion, cybercrime is a serious problem in the Philippines that affects many people. The government is making efforts to fight it, but everyone has a role to play in protecting themselves and others from these crimes. By working together, we can make the digital world a safer place.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

• Essay on Cyberbullying On Social Media
• Essay on Daily Routine Of A Student
• Essay on Daily Routine For Working Person

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

Happy studying!

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

Cyberbullying in the Philippines: How the Anti-Cybercrime Law Helps Combat Online Abuse

• Last updated: 13 June 2023 16:45
• Created: 17 December 2018 16:38
• Hits: 40387

With the rapid increase in internet and social media usage, cyberbullying has become a major concern in many countries, including the Philippines. Cyberbullying refers to the use of electronic communication to harass, intimidate, or humiliate someone, often anonymously. In this blog, we will discuss the prevalence of cyberbullying in the Philippines, the Anti-Cybercrime Law, and its provisions regarding cyberbullying. We will also explore the importance of preserving and disclosing user data and the role of the Cybercrime Investigation and Coordination Center (CICC) in preventing and addressing cyberbullying.

Cyberbullying in the Philippines

Cyberbullying has become a prevalent issue in the Philippines, with a survey conducted by the Department of Education (DepEd) revealing that 1 in 3 Filipino students has experienced cyberbullying. The same survey also found that students who experience cyberbullying are more likely to suffer from depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts. The prevalence of cyberbullying in the Philippines has highlighted the need for strict laws and regulations to protect victims.

The Anti-Cybercrime Law and Cyberbullying

The Anti-Cybercrime Law, also known as Republic Act No. 10175, criminalizes various cyberbullying offenses, including cyberstalking, cybersex, identity theft, and online libel. The law imposes penalties, including imprisonment and fines, for individuals found guilty of committing these offenses.

Cyberstalking involves using the internet or other electronic communication devices to follow or harass someone, causing fear or distress. Cybersex refers to the use of electronic communication to solicit or participate in sexual activity. Identity theft involves the unauthorized use of someone else's personal information for financial gain. Online libel refers to the publication of defamatory statements online.

Preserving and Disclosing User Data

The Anti-Cybercrime Law requires Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to preserve and disclose user data in response to a court order. This provision is crucial in identifying and prosecuting cyberbullies, as it allows law enforcement agencies to track down the individuals responsible for cyberbullying. Preserving and disclosing user data is also important in protecting victims of cyberbullying, as it allows them to seek justice and obtain compensation for the harm caused.

The Cybercrime Investigation and Coordination Center (CICC)

The CICC was established to coordinate and monitor the investigation and prosecution of cybercrimes, including cyberbullying. The center has developed policies and programs to prevent and address cyberbullying, such as the creation of a Cyber Tip Line and the implementation of cybercrime awareness campaigns in schools and communities.

Criticisms and Concerns

Despite its importance, the Anti-Cybercrime Law has been criticized for its provisions and enforcement. Some critics argue that the law is vague and can be used to curtail freedom of speech. Others have raised concerns about the implementation of the law, citing cases where the law has been misused to target political opponents and journalists.

In conclusion, cyberbullying is a prevalent issue in the Philippines that requires strict laws and regulations to protect victims. The Anti-Cybercrime Law, with its provisions criminalizing various cyberbullying offenses and requiring ISPs to preserve and disclose user data, is a significant step towards addressing the issue. The role of the CICC in preventing and addressing cyberbullying is also crucial. However, criticisms and concerns about the law and its implementation highlight the need for increased awareness and enforcement of the law to protect victims of online abuse and promote a safer online environment.

Written by : Pinoy Attorney

• Terms of Use
• Privacy Policy