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Why create your own website project as a student, some ideas to make a website as a final project, final thoughts, related articles, 7 website project ideas [for students].

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Updated on: February 14, 2024

The web development space has so many segments to it. The jobs that entail within this sector are abundant and there is a lot of emerging technology throughout the web industry.

Web development is a great place to start, there are loads of resources to get started, loads of courses online to learn new skills, something which you can also learn about with required web developer skills that I wrote about.

g One of the best ways to improve your web developer skills is to get started on a project, something that you can actually start to build and face real-world issues during development. You can join all the courses or read all the books but you won’t learn real skills until you develop something from scratch yourself.

It may feel like you are throwing yourself in the deep end but you’ll be much more competent afterward.

You may be looking to improve your web developer skills or you may have been given a college assignment to complete a website project yourself . Either way, it will be a great journey to complete a project yourself. That’s why we have pre-selected a list of website project ideas ideal for your final project as a student.

Here are some great website project ideas for students:

• Single Page Portfolio Website
• News Website With Slider
• To-do List App
• Code-snippet storage
• JavaScript Drawing Canvas
• CSS Grid Layout
• Calendar App

Each student website project idea will be easy enough to complete as a beginner but hard enough to challenge you, a good balance between being practical and something you can be proud of.

And remember, you may be reinventing the wheel but it doesn’t matter, these website project ideas are for students, for you to learn and understand what goes on in the real world.

Let’s start!

1. Single-Page Portfolio Website

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This student website project idea can be more interesting than it seems. It holds so much value to it. Even though we will give just a general idea, you can spin this one into your own. Pick a design for a single-page website : a photography portfolio, a web developer portfolio or even a video portfolio – The choice is pretty much endless.

I’ve written about photography websites before and different website layouts . With this idea, you can really show off your skills and piece together graphic design, CSS animations and web developing skills in general.

You can add as many things as you consider to make it more complex. Comment system connected with a database, newsletter subscriptions, work on performance, play with SEO, etc.

You can even use some made-up components that might help with your portfolio design such as fullPage.js – A JavaScript library that allows you to create beautiful full-screen websites that will include all the features to show off your work: easy navigation, large media elements, responsiveness, etc. Check it out!

2. News Website With Slider

If you are looking to build something that has more requirements for both front and backend, this one’s for you. This website project idea for students is based around a news website where articles can be posted, maybe even supporting multiple authors and profiles between them.

The website can be used to display a range of different articles on a topic of your choosing. There could be a website homepage that shows off the currently available articles – You could even get fancy with this and rotate articles based on date or view count, etc.

If you are looking to challenge yourself more, once the frontend is done you could program a backend that allows you to post an article and save it to a database. Or maybe even add a comment system… The feature list is endless! For the frontend as well, it would be amazing to create a news website slider to showcase popular articles on the site.

3. To-do List App

Everyone has heard of a to-do list website in some form or another. This can easily be built and is a great way to learn a wide range of skills. Both front and backend skills.

Expect to use HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create the frontend. You can easily set up routine tasks, reminders, and task groups. For the backend, a simple Node.js application or something built with PHP and linked up with MySQL would work fine.

There are many features to a to-do list so you can pick ones which you are interested in. Could be a file upload, group labels, kanban boards, etc.

To push this website project idea for students even further, you could implement a login/register system, there are many frameworks that help you with this.

4. Code Snippet Storage

As a programmer, you will have come across lots of different ways of doing things and maybe you wanted to save snippets of code to help you remember things?

That is where a code snippet manager will come in handy, some will even have an HTML & CSS sandbox to test code in as well. However, it’s great to keep useful bits of code organized and saved somewhere safe.

A code snippet website app will allow you to make a frontend and backend. You will need somewhere to save these code snippets, a database like MySQL would work nicely. Other features like sharing, snippet groups, and a notes section might be a good idea to push this project idea for students further.

We are sure your programming teachers will love this website idea for students and maybe they will start using it for their job!

If you want some recommendations for a database management tool, check out our review on TablePlus , available for Mac, Windows, Linux, and iOS.

5. JavaScript Drawing Canvas

Ever wanted to make your own art studio online? Have you been inspired to make something like the Windows Paint program? You could make your own online website for drawing and art creation.

By using HTML5 you can use a canvas with the addition of CSS and JavaScript to create your own paint tool. Add buttons for different pens, colors, and shapes.

Then you could even add a backend for people to log in and save their work or share it with others via a generated URL, you don’t have to go that far but the possibilities are endless. Perfect for a student website project.

6. CSS Grid Layout

If you are looking to test your frontend design skills, CSS grid layouts are a fantastic way to build a complex design that is both responsive and great for displaying lots of content. This website project idea for students will take advantage of CSS Grid or CSS Flexbox properties.

CSS grid offers a layout system that works best for a page with busy content, take this example from the Imgur.com website and their grid system:

This is a classic example of why a CSS grid system works so well for busy sites. You could make an app or design to do with images, news articles, or build something to display videos. Either way, a CSS grid system is a great way to show off your CSS skills and build a layout that is responsive and flexible.

7. Calendar App

This website project idea for students could be done by building a nice frontend website that displays a calendar. We see the use of calendars in email services like Gmail and Outlook. They are good ones to get inspiration from.

You could adapt this student website project idea to add different features like events, link up with work tasks, schedules, and meetings, etc. Maybe you can mix this website project idea with the to-do list project mentioned before.

With this website project, you would need to build both the frontend and backend so that a user could save their calendar items for later. It would be a good idea to add a cache system so items are not downloaded from the server all the time.

I truly believe that starting your own project is such a great way to learn new skills and get stuck in with your interests. Web development has many segments and starting a project can help you find what you enjoy.

With all these website project ideas for students , hopefully, you have found some inspiration. Don’t worry about feeling overwhelmed either, at first it might feel like you are in the deep end but you would be surprised how quickly you can learn something, especially in the world of web development, there are so many resources out there.

More articles which you may find interesting:

• Great Website Ideas
• Best Candle Website Ideas

Luke Embrey

Luke Embrey is a full-stack developer, BSc in Computer Science and based in the UK. Working with languages like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, C++, Bash. You can find out more about him at https://lukeembrey.com/

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Simple web design tips for beginners: A complete guide

Just getting started in web design? This guide will get you ready to tackle your first project as a beginner.

From 101 to advanced, learn how to build sites in Webflow with over 100 lessons — including the basics of HTML and CSS.

Web design is a crucial component of the web development process.

If you're interested in web design, we're guessing you have a creative streak. And how could you not be excited about jumping in and making your first website? Web design is about crafting a functional piece of art — but where do you start? If you're wondering what you need to know before you begin, this is a simple web design guide that will help you start.

Choose something basic for your first site design

This seems like a no brainer, right? But sometimes we can get overly ambitious and end up discouraged. For your first project, it’s a good idea to choose something simple and fun. An ecommerce site is more complicated and would be better to tackle once you have more experience. 

A blog is a great place to start. It will be a good design exercise and you’ll learn how a Content Management System (CMS) works, which will be important to know for future site designs. Best of all — you don’t have to start from scratch. There are plenty of blog templates that make it easy to put one together.

Templates are a valuable learning tool. Watching how HTML, CSS, and Javascript elements are styled and come together will give you deeper insight into what makes a design work. You can use templates as a foundation to make changes and customizations.

Maybe you don't want to start a blog — try pulling from your creative pursuits or hobbies. How about building a showcase for your photography skills or for your collection of short stories? Creating a design to feature a passion of yours makes for an enjoyable first project.

Find inspiration from other designers

You've no doubt come across websites that have wowed you with their stunning design.

Create an inspiration doc with links to sites you love, or bookmark them as you go. Pinterest is a great place to find great site design — you can find and pins illustrations, book covers, posters, blogs, and other types of design work to refer to. Designers use the term "mood board" for these collections. Mood boards are a quick reference resource if you find yourself stuck. Which you will.

Outside the discoveries you make on your own, there are some curated collections you should check out. 

• Awwwards always has new and fresh work and a variety of themed collections 
• Behance is a fantastic compilation of website design work, where the focus is on quality and creativity
• Dribbble focuses on individual designers, providing a forum to get feedback and communicate with others about their work

And of course, head over to Made in Webflow to see the variety of ways people are using our design platform. There’s so much cool stuff to check out and so many templates available to clone as your very own.

Look outside the web for sources of inspiration

Web design is informed by a visual language that can be found anywhere, like the cover of a graphic novel or the digital kiosk at your bank. Develop an eye for recognizing good design and start analyzing why something works or doesn’t work, whatever the medium.

Pay attention to typography 

We often read without even being aware of typefaces. Pay attention to the effect type has on as you consume content. Is that font on the menu readable? What makes that hand-lettered sign for the local business work so well? Letters are everywhere. Make note of both good and bad uses of typography. 

Typewolf is an excellent resource to keep tabs on popular fonts. It has plenty of lists to explore, a featured site of the day, and lookbooks that have spectacular font combinations. It’s helpful to see actual examples of typography being used, and websites like Typewolf are a great place to see their practical applications. Getting familiar with different fonts will help you pick the right type for your first site design.

Let the fine arts influence you 

Oh, did we mention there’s an entire history of art to draw from? So many movements and artists still shape the work of creatives today — especially web designers. Take a stroll through our Web design and art history piece to discover many monumental artistic achievements. Not only is filled with valuable information, it’s an excellent example of how content and artistry can come together to tell a story.

Research different types of design

There are so many disciplines of design to be familiar with. A knowledge of product design, illustration, and even branding can further develop your creative senses.

For inspiration that goes beyond web design, Abduzeedo offers brilliant examples. Whether it’s poster art, luggage, or furniture, you’ll see fantastic examples of design done right. Be open to different types of design and actively seek out inspiration . The more knowledge you have, the easier it will be to design your first website . Education informs intuition.

Have content ready before you start 

Putting content first means having content ready to work with before you start designing your first website.

It doesn’t have to be perfect. You can always edit and optimize for Google SEO (search engine optimization) later. But having at least a rough draft of what will go live will help make sure the design is laid out to accommodate it. Designing with real content gives you a better representation of how the website will look and function. It also gives you the opportunity to make changes earlier in the design process.

For blogs, you’ll need to have a post ready to test in the CMS. Having a couple posts written before you launch will save scrambling to write something after the fact. 

Keep your design simple and intuitive

Whether it's writing, navigation, or CTAs, no one wants to struggle with your design.

Your design approach should be rooted in simplicity and order. Logic should guide someone through the site with ease. And since we’re talking about those people who will interact with what you’ve created, this is a good place to introduce UX.

Understand user experience (UX) basics

A website is more than just floating text in space. The color scheme, content, typography, layout, and imagery all come together to serve your audience and stir emotion. Someone wandering through the digital space you’ve created should have a clear path free from obstacles.

UX focuses on understanding your audience. What are they looking for — and how will your design make finding it easy? UX is about getting into the heads of your audience and seeing your design through their eyes.

When building your first website, keep these guiding UX principles in mind:

• Make things simple and intuitive
• Communicate concepts in a logical succession
• Meet your audience’s needs and resist the temptation to showboat your skills at the expense of usability

Learning about your audience will help you craft a design that’s tailored to their wants and needs. Check out our Beginner’s guide to user research for more insights on how to do this.

Understand user interface (UI) basics

If you’re new to web design, you might be confused by the difference between UI and UX . Most of us were. Know this — they’re two distinct concepts.

Where UX is concerned with the overall feel of a design, UI is about the specifics. If you were in an elevator, UI would be the size and arrangement of the floor buttons, while UX would encompass the colors, textures, and other interior design choices of the elevator space. UI is about giving someone the tools they need to experience your website free from complications. 

When constructing your first website, keep these UI principles in mind:

• Functionality of interactive elements should be obvious
• Uniformity must guide usability — actions should follow logical patterns
• Design choices should be made with a clear purpose

Take a look at 10 essential UI design tips for a deeper dive into UI.

Introducing The Freelancer’s Journey: a free course that teaches you how to succeed as a freelance web designer — from getting clients to launching their websites.

Use the principles of design for web starters

Effective design is guided by certain rules and it’s important to understand essential web design skills before you start. There are standard practices that will simplify the process and make for a more refined final product. 

If you want to design and build websites, understanding good layout is key. We suggest keeping things minimal and working with only a few elements to focus on the perfect placement.

When you first start designing, think grids. Grids align elements, like div blocks and images on a web page, in a way that creates order. 

The structure of a layout should follow a visual hierarchy. What are the important ideas you want people to see and in what order? Visual hierarchy needs to adhere to the common patterns people use when reading. There are two paths people’s eyes generally follow on the web: the F-pattern and the Z-pattern. Being familiar with how these patterns work will help you organize your own content. 

The F-pattern is more common for designs with dense blocks of content. People’s eyes will scan down the left side of a layout until things catch their attention and then read from left to right. Imagine looking through the menu at a restaurant — you may skip over the bold names of dishes aligned on the left until you come to something that grabs you, which will prompt you to read the supporting details explaining that specific dish.

Most people will read through something like a blog post in this F-pattern. With left-aligned text and bulleted sentences, Nelson Abalos takes advantage of this design technique, making his posts easy to navigate and follow.

The Z-pattern is associated with less text-heavy design. Many landing pages conform to this pattern. All the major elements on the Conservation Guide site adhere to the Z-pattern. If you’re a beginner web designer, this is a simple layout trick to help usability.

You have the colors of the rainbow and beyond available to you. And we all know that "with great power comes great responsibility." The power of the color picker can be wielded for good or evil.

Here are a couple straightforward approaches in choosing a color scheme for your first website.

Use a single color as the base, vary the amount of saturation, include lights and darks, and play with various hues for a uniform color scheme. Regardless of your niche, a monochrome site is a smart design choice. And remember, whatever color you choose for the text, make sure you’re thoughtful about readability .

In this example from Unique , each section is delineated by a monochromatic color scheme. You don’t have to get this fancy in your beginner designs, but it’s nice to see their use of different monochromatic color variations. Notice how each section is made of colors related to the featured bags? This is a nice design trick that makes for a harmonious color scheme.

Complementary

Take colors that are opposite on the color wheel and combine them. Easy enough, right?

Use complementary colors with care. In this design below from the Ignisis website, the designer used blue and orange in different combinations along with whitespace and greys for a layout that never tires the eyes. The contrast feels crisp and refreshing.

Typography is two-dimensional architecture, based on experience and imagination, and guided by rules and readability.

-Hermann Zapf

So what are the rules that you, the neophyte designer, need to know?

Typography informs tone

Think of a wedding invitation or a funeral announcement. Both are profound life events — one a joyful celebration and the other typically more somber. Where an ornate flowery typeface works well for a wedding, it’s not well-suited for a funeral. 

When designing your first website, keep tone in mind. If you’re going for a lighthearted vibe, like a food blog, weaving in playful fonts makes sense. But if you’re crafting a website for a law firm, stick to more professional typefaces .

Serifs versus non-serifs

A common mistake of new designers is to mix up serif and non-serif fonts. You can tell them apart because the ends of serif letters have an extra line or stroke added vertically or horizontally. 

Check out the differences between PT Serif and PT Sans (without the serif).

Here’s PT Serif:

And here’s PT Sans:

Serifs are an artifact from the time of printing presses when most of the words we read were printed with ink on paper. Serifs anchored words onto the page and made them easier to read. In the earlier days of the web, serifs were shunned by web designers because lower screen resolutions diluted them. Now that screens are better optimized for typography with serifs, they’ve made a comeback.

Those small lines make a huge difference. You’ll notice the above PT Serif typeface feels more formal and the sans-serif version seems lighter and looser. 

Since serif fonts are more complicated, they’re best used in moderation. Headers are an ideal place for serif fonts, and larger blocks of content benefit from a more simplified font without serifs.

Ornamentation versus practicality

The loops and whorls of a flourished font will add personality and elegance to a design, but don’t overuse frilly fonts. A website is about communicating to an audience through content. As Hermann Zapf said, readability is one of a font’s most important characteristics. 

Typography technicalities

There’s a lot to learn with typography. As you progress as a designer, you’ll need to know how to use line height, kerning, and different weights in your typography. But don’t get too caught up in tweaking all the intricacies for your first site. Focus on making sure everything is readable — you can experiment fine-tuning the details later. 

Start designing 

Tutorials and research are invaluable to your learning, but you’ll eventually just need to dig in and get designing. Even if you create something no one will ever see, it's still an exercise problem solving and applying what you've learned. Don't worry if it's not amazing. But be proud of crossing that threshold from aspiring designer to actually being one — you’re on your way! 

Get feedback 

You finished your first design — congratulations! You worked hard and you’re ready to show it to the world. But before you hit publish, get some outside perspective on what you made.

Getting constructive criticism can be uncomfortable. Creating something, whether it’s an essay, a painting, or a website is an act of vulnerability. The things you put into the world are an extension of who you are and what you’re capable of. To be told what you made could be better or is wrong might feel like a personal attack.

In web design, feedback is a normal and necessary part of the process. Learn how to set your ego aside and separate the feedback from your self-worth. As you gain experience, you’ll be able to identify and implement practical, useful feedback and let go of the rest. You’ll find that more experienced designers know what it’s like to be a beginner — they’re excited to see less-experienced designers succeed.

If you’re designing with Webflow, share your work in the Webflow Showcase or request help in the Webflow design forum . As you progress, you’ll want to submit to places like Dribbble and Behance to get more eyes on your work. Not only will you get constructive criticism, you’ll get feedback on what you’re doing well — which always feels great.

Webflow makes web design for beginners accessible

Gone are the days of having to learn complex front-end code to build a website. In the past, you had to depend on a developer to bring your designs to life. Today, you can design, build, and launch complex websites in just a few hours using Webflow . 

Knowing a few key concepts, and being able to know the difference between good and bad design will give you the confidence and skills to craft your first website. Webflow frees you up from having to code, opens up your creative bandwidth, and let’s you start designing immediately. 

Build completely custom, production-ready websites — or ultra-high-fidelity prototypes — without writing a line of code. Only with Webflow.

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32 HTML And CSS Projects For Beginners (With Source Code)

updated Dec 4, 2023

If you want to feel confident in your front-end web developer skills, the easiest solution is to start building your own HTML and CSS projects from scratch.

As with any other skill, practicing on simple, realistic projects helps you build your skills and confidence step-by-step.

But if you are new to HTML and CSS, you may be wondering:

Where can I find ideas for beginner-level HTML and CSS projects?

Even if you are just starting out with HTML and CSS, there are some fun and easy projects you can create.

Whether you are new to learning web development or have some experience under your belt, this guide is the perfect place to start improving your skills.

In this article, I’ll walk you through 32 fun HTML and CSS coding projects that are easy to follow. We will start with beginner-level projects and then move on to more demanding ones.

If you want to become a professional front-end developer, the projects below will help you expand your portfolio.

When it’s time to apply for your first entry-level job, you can showcase your skills to potential employers with a portfolio packed with real-life project examples.

Let’s get started!

Please note: This post contains affiliate links to products I use and recommend. I may receive a small commission if you purchase through one of my links, at no additional cost to you. Thank you for your support!

What are HTML and CSS?

HTML and CSS are the most fundamental languages for front-end web development.

Learning them will allow you to:

• Build stunning websites
• Start a coding blog
• Make money freelancing

Let’s take a quick look at both of them next:

What is HTML?

HTML or HyperText Markup Language is the standard markup language for all web pages worldwide.

It’s not a “typical” programming language – like Python or Java – since it doesn’t contain any programming logic. HTML can’t perform data manipulations or calculations, for example.

Instead, HTML allows you to create and format the fundamental structure and content of a web page.

You will use HTML to create:

• Page layouts (header, body, footer, sidebar)
• Paragraphs and headings
• Input fields
• Checkboxes and radio buttons
• Embedded media

Thus, HTML only allows you to determine the structure of a web page and place individual content elements within it.

For more details, check out my post on what HTML is and how it works .

You can’t format the look and feel of your web page with HTML, though.

Your HTML web page will look dull and boring. Sort of like this:

The example above is the first web page every built for the WWW , by the way.

This is how websites used to look in the ’90s. But we’ve come a long way since then – luckily.

To make your HTML content visually appealing and professional-looking, you need another language: CSS. Let’s look at that next.

What is CSS?

CSS or Cascading Style Sheets is a style sheet language that allows you to adjust the design and feel of your HTML content.

Thus, you can turn your pure-HTML pages into stunning, modern websites with CSS. And it’s super easy to learn, too!

Here’s how it works:

CSS allows you to target individual HTML elements and apply different styling rules to them.

For example, here’s a CSS rule that targets H2 headings, their font-size property, and sets it to a value of 24px:

You can use CSS to adjust:

• Backgrounds
• Fonts and text styling
• Spacings (paddings, margins)
• CSS animations
• Responsiveness (media queries)

If you want to create stunning websites and become a front-end web developer, CSS is one of the first tools you must learn and master.

For more details, check out my post on what CSS is and how it works .

Why build HTML and CSS projects?

Practicing on realistic, hands-on projects is the best way to learn how to create something useful and meaningful with HTML and CSS.

The more projects you build, the more confident you will feel in your skills.

To build a web page from scratch , you need a basic understanding of how HTML works. You should be comfortable with writing the necessary HTML code to create a page without copying a boilerplate or following a tutorial.

Thus, if you want to become a front-end web developer , building HTML and CSS projects will teach you how to use these two languages in real life.

Therefore, practising your skills with the projects in this article will give you a competitive edge against anyone who’s simply following tutorials and copy-pasting other people’s code.

Finally, building HTML and CSS projects helps you build a professional portfolio of real-world projects.

When it’s time to start applying for your first job, you will have 10 to 20 cool projects to showcase your skills to potential employers. Not bad!

32 HTML and CSS projects: Table of contents

Here’s an overview of the HTML and CSS projects we’ll go through:

Beginner project: CSS radio buttons

Beginner project: css toggle buttons, beginner project: hamburger menu, beginner project: pure css sidebar toggle menu, beginner project: animated css menu, beginner project: custom checkboxes, beginner project: pure css select dropdown, beginner project: modal/popup without javascript, beginner project: animated gradient ghost button, beginner project: css image slider, basic html & css website layout, tribute page, survey page with html forms, sign-up page / log-in page, job application form page, landing page, product landing page, interactive navigation bar, responsive website header, restaurant menu, restaurant website, parallax website, custom 404 error page, personal portfolio website, blog post layout.

• Photography website

Music store website

Discussion forum website.

• Event or conference website

Technical documentation website

Online recipe book, website clone.

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This quick project is a great example of what you can do with pure CSS to style radio buttons or checkboxes:

See the Pen CSS radio buttons by Angela Velasquez ( @AngelaVelasquez ) on CodePen .

☝️ back to top ☝️

This HTML and CSS project teaches you how to create custom CSS toggle buttons from scratch:

See the Pen Pure CSS Toggle Buttons | ON-OFF Switches by Himalaya Singh ( @himalayasingh ) on CodePen .

Every website needs a menu, right?

This hamburger menu is beautiful and clean, and you can build it with just HTML and CSS:

See the Pen Pure CSS Hamburger fold-out menu by Erik Terwan ( @erikterwan ) on CodePen .

Placing your website navigation inside a sidebar toggle is an easy way to clean up the overall look and feel of your design.

Here’s a modern-looking solution to a pure-CSS sidebar toggle menu:

See the Pen PURE CSS SIDEBAR TOGGLE MENU by Jelena Jovanovic ( @plavookac ) on CodePen .

If you want to build a more dynamic, interactive website navigation, try this animated CSS menu:

See the Pen Animate menu CSS by Joël Lesenne ( @joellesenne ) on CodePen .

Styling your checkboxes to match the overall design is an easy way to elevate the look and feel of your website.

Here’s an easy HTML and CSS practice project to achieve that:

See the Pen Pure CSS custom checkboxes by Glen Cheney ( @Vestride ) on CodePen .

Standard select dropdowns often look dull and boring. Here’s a quick CSS project to learn how to create beautiful select dropdowns easily:

See the Pen Pure CSS Select by Raúl Barrera ( @raubaca ) on CodePen .

Modals and popups often use JavaScript, but here’s a pure HTML and CSS solution to creating dynamic, interactive modals and popups:

See the Pen Pure css popup box by Prakash ( @imprakash ) on CodePen .

Ghost buttons can look great if they fit the overall look and feel of your website.

Here’s an easy project to practice creating stunning, dynamic ghost buttons for your next website project:

See the Pen Animated Gradient Ghost Button Concept by Arsen Zbidniakov ( @ARS ) on CodePen .

This image slider with navigation buttons and dots is a fantastic HTML and CSS project to practice your front-end web development skills:

See the Pen CSS image slider w/ next/prev btns & nav dots by Avi Kohn ( @AMKohn ) on CodePen .

Now, before you start building full-scale web pages with HTML and CSS, you want to set up your basic HTML and CSS website layout first.

The idea is to divide your page into logical HTML sections. That way, you can start filling those sections with the right elements and content faster.

For example, you can break up the body of your page into multiple parts:

• Header: <header>
• Navigation: <nav>
• Content: <article>
• Sidebar: <aside>
• Footer: <footer>

Depending on your project, you can fill the article area with a blog post, photos, or other content you need to present.

This layout project will serve as a starting point for all your future HTML and CSS projects, so don’t skip it.

Having a template like this will speed up your next projects, because you won’t have to start from scratch.

Here are two tutorials that will walk you through the steps of creating a basic website layout using HTML and CSS:

• https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_layout.asp
• https://www.w3schools.com/css/css_website_layout.asp

Building a tribute page is fantastic HTML and CSS practice for beginners.

What should your tribute page be about?

Anything you like!

Build a tribute page about something you love spending time with.

Here are a few examples:

• a person you like
• your favorite food
• a travel destination
• your home town

My first HTML-only tribute page was for beetroots. Yes, beetroots. I mean, why not?

HTML and CSS concepts you will practice:

• HTML page structure
• basic HTML elements: headings, paragraphs, lists
• embedding images with HTML
• CSS fundamentals: fonts and colors
• CSS paddings, margins, and borders

Here’s a helpful tutorial for building a HTML and CSS tribute page .

Whether you want to become a full-time web developer or a freelance web designer, you will use HTML forms in almost every project.

Forms allow you to build:

• Contact forms
• Login forms
• Sign up forms
• Survey forms

Building a survey page allows you to practice HTML input tags, form layouts, radio buttons, checkboxes, and more.

Pick any topic you like and come up with 10 pieces of information you want to collect from respondents.

Perhaps an employee evaluation form? Or a customer satisfaction form?

• form elements: input fields, dropdowns, radio buttons, labels
• styling for forms and buttons

Here’s an example survey form project for inspiration:

See the Pen Good Vibes Form by Laurence ( @laurencenairne ) on CodePen .

Let’s practice those HTML forms a bit more, shall we?

For this project, you will build a sign-up or log-in page with the necessary input fields for a username and a password.

Because we can create a user profile on almost every website, forms are absolutely essential for allowing people to set their usernames and passwords.

Your forms will collect inputs from users and a separate back-end program will know how to store and process that data.

Creating a clean and clear sign-up page can be surprisingly difficult. The more you learn about HTML and CSS, the more content you want to create to showcase your skills. But the thing is: a sign-up page needs to be as clean and easy-to-use as possible.

Thus, the biggest challenge with this project is to keep it simple, clear, and light.

Here’s an example project to get started with:

See the Pen Learn HTML Forms by Building a Registration Form by Noel ( @WaterNic10 ) on CodePen .

For more inspiration, check out these 50+ sign-up forms built with HTML and CSS .

Using a HTML form is the best way to collect information from job applicants.

You can also generate and format a job description at the top of the page.

Then, create a simple job application form below to collect at least 10 pieces of information.

Use these HTML elements, for example:

• Text fields
• Email fields
• Radio buttons

Here’s an example job application page you can build with HTML and CSS:

See the Pen Simple Job Application Form Example by Getform ( @getform ) on CodePen .

One of your first HTML and CSS projects should be a simple landing page.

Your landing page can focus on a local business, an event, or a product launch, for example.

Landing pages play an important role for new businesses, marketing campaigns, and product launches. As a front-end developer, you will be asked to create them for clients.

For this project, create a simple HTML file and style it with CSS. Be sure to include a headline, some text about the company or its services, and a call-to-action (CTA) button.

Make sure that your landing page is clean and clear and that it’s easy to read.

If you build a landing page for a new product, highlight the product’s key benefits and features.

To get started, follow this freeCodeCamp tutorial to build a simple landing page . You will need JavaScript for a few features. If you are not familiar with JavaScript, leave those features out for now and come back to them later.

For more inspiration, check out these HTML landing page templates .

A product landing page is a page that you build to promote a specific product or service.

For example, if you want to sell your ebook about how to use CSS to build an animated website, then you would create a product landing page for it.

Your product landing page can be very simple to start with. When your skills improve, add some complexity depending on what kind of information you need to present.

One of the most iconic product landing pages is the iPhone product page by Apple, for example:

Of course, the iPhone landing page is technically complex, so you won’t build it as your first project. But still, it’s a good place to find inspiration and new ideas.

The best way to design your first product landing page is to create a simple wireframe first. Sketch your page layout on paper before you start building it.

Wireframes help you maintain a clear overview of your HTML sections and elements.

To get started, browse through these product landing page examples for some inspiration .

Building an interactive navigation bar will teach you how to create an animated menu with dropdowns using HTML and CSS.

This is another great project for beginners, because it will teach you how to create menus using HTML and CSS. You’ll also learn how to style them with different colors, fonts, and effects.

You’ll also learn how to use anchors and pseudo-classes to create the menu navigation, as well as how to create the dropdown menus from scratch.

If you aren’t familiar with CSS media queries yet, building a responsive navigation bar is a smart way to learn and practice them.

CSS media queries allow you to create a responsive navigation menu that changes its size and layout depending on screen width.

To get started, check out this tutorial on how to build an interactive navigation bar with HTML and CSS .

One of the best ways to practice your HTML and CSS skills is to create custom website headers. This is a great project to add to your portfolio website, as it will show off your skills and help you attract new clients.

There are a number of different ways that you can create a stylish and responsive website header. One option is to use a premade CSS framework such as Bootstrap or Foundation. Alternatively, you can create your own custom styles by hand.

No matter which option you choose, be sure to make your header mobile-friendly by using media queries. This will ensure that your header looks great on all devices, regardless of their screen size or resolution.

To get started, check out this simple example for a responsive HTML and CSS header .

If you’re looking to get into web development, one of the best HTML and CSS projects you can build is a simple restaurant menu.

Align the different foods and drinks using a CSS layout grid.

Add prices, images, and other elements you need to give it a professional, clean look and feel.

Choose a suitable color palette, fonts, and stock photos.

You can also add photos or a gallery for individual dishes. If you want to add an image slider, you can create one with HTML and CSS, too.

Here’s an example of a very simple restaurant menu project:

See the Pen Simple CSS restaurant menu by Viszked Tamas Andras ( @ViszkY ) on CodePen .

Once you’ve built your restaurant menu with, it’s time to tackle a more complex HTML and CSS project.

Building a real-life restaurant website is a fun way to practice a ton of HTML and CSS topics.

Not only will you learn the basics of creating a beautiful, professional web page, but you also get a chance to practice responsive web design, too.

And if you’re looking to land your first front-end web developer job, having a well-designed business website in your portfolio will help you stand out from the crowd.

Make sure your website matches the restaurant’s menu and target clientele. A fine-dining place on Manhattan will have a different website than a simple (but delicious!) diner in rural Wisconsin.

Here are a few key details to include on your restaurant website:

• Clear navigation bar
• Restaurant details
• Menu for food and drinks
• Location and directions
• Contact details
• Upcoming events

To get started, check out this free tutorial on how to build a restaurant website with HTML and CSS .

To build a parallax website, you will include fixed background images that stay in place when you scroll down the page.

Although the parallax look isn’t as popular or modern as it was a few years back, web designers still use the effect a lot.

The easiest way to build a parallax HTML and CSS project is to start with a fixed background image for the entire page.

After that, you can experiment with parallax effects for individual sections.

Create 3-5 sections for your page, fill them with content, and set a fixed background image for 1-2 sections of your choice.

Word of warning: Don’t overdo it. Parallax effects can be distracting, so only use them as a subtle accent where suitable.

Here’s an example project with HTML and CSS source code:

See the Pen CSS-Only Parallax Effect by Yago Estévez ( @yagoestevez ) on CodePen .

404 error pages are usually boring and generic, right?

But when a visitor can’t find what they’re searching for, you don’t want them to leave your website.

Instead, you should build a custom 404 error page that’s helpful and valuable, and even fun and entertaining.

A great 404 page can make users smile and – more importantly – help them find what they are looking for. Your visitors will appreciate your effort, trust me.

For some inspiration, check out these custom 404 page examples .

Any web developer will tell you that having a strong portfolio is essential to landing your first job.

Your portfolio is a chance to show off your skills and demonstrate your expertise in front-end web development.

And while there are many ways to create a portfolio website, building one from scratch using HTML and CSS will give you tons of valuable practice.

Your first version can be a single-page portfolio. As your skills improve, continue adding new pages, content, and features. Make this your pet project!

Remember to let your personality shine through, too. It will help you stand out from the crowd of other developers who are vying for the same jobs.

Introduce yourself and share a few details about your experience and future plans.

Employers and clients want to see how you can help them solve problems. Thus, present your services and emphasize the solutions you can deliver with your skills.

Add your CV and share a link to your GitHub account to showcase your most relevant work samples.

Make sure to embed a few key projects directly on your portfolio website, too.

Finally, let your visitors know how to get in touch with you easily. If you want, you can add links to your social media accounts, too.

In this project, you’ll create a simple blog post page using HTML and CSS.

You’ll need to design the layout of the page, add a title, a featured image, and of course add some content to your dummy blog post.

You can also add a sidebar with a few helpful links and widgets, like:

• An author bio with a photo
• Links to social media profiles
• List of most recent blog posts
• List of blog post categories

Once your HTML structure and content are in place, it’s time to style everything with CSS.

Photography website with a gallery

If you’re a photographer or just enjoy taking pictures, then this project is for you.

Build a simple photo gallery website using HTML and CSS to practice your web design skills.

Start with the basic HTML structure of the page, and figure out a cool layout grid for the photos. You will need to embed the photos and style everything beautiful with CSS.

My tip: Use CSS Flexbox and media queries to create a responsive galleries that look great on all devices.

Here’s a full tutorial for building a gallery website with HTML and CSS:

If you love music, why not practice your HTML and CSS skills by building a music store web page?

Before you start, make a thorough plan about your website structure. What’s the purpose of your music store? What genres will you cover?

Pick a suitable color palette, choose your fonts, and any background images you want to use.

My tip: If you feature album cover images, keep your colors and fonts as clean and simple as possible. You don’t want to overpower the album covers with a busy web page with tons of different colors and mismatching fonts.

Create a user-friendly menu and navigation inside the header. Fill the footer with helpful links for your store, career page, contact details, and newsletter form, for example.

Building a music store website with HTML and CSS is a great opportunity to practice your skills while you are still learning.

Start with very basic features, and add new ones as your skills improve. For example, you can add media queries to make your website responsive.

A forum is a great way to create a community around a topic or interest, and it’s also a great way to practice your coding skills.

In this project, you’ll create a simple forum website using HTML and CSS.

You’ll need to design the layout of the site, add categories and forums, and set up some initial content.

Of course, you should start with creating the basic layout and structure with HTML first. You will need a navigation bar, at least one sidebar, and an area for the main content.

To make your discussion forum website more interesting, add new content and remember to interlink related threads to make the site feel more realistic.

Event or conference web page

Creating a web page for an event is a fun HTML and CSS project for beginners.

You can either pick a real event and build a better landing page than the real one, or come up with an imaginary conference, for example.

Make sure to include these elements:

• Register button
• Venue details
• Dates and schedule
• Speakers and key people
• Directions (how to get there)
• Accommodation details

Divide the landing page into sections, and create a header and a footer with menus and quick links.

Come up with a suitable color palette, pick your fonts, and keep your design clean and clear.

Every programming language, software, device and gadget has a technical documentation for helpful information and support.

Creating a technical documentation website with just HTML and CSS allows you to build a multi-page site with hierarchies, links, and breadcrumbs.

The main idea is to create a multi-page website where you have a sidebar menu on the left, and the content on the right.

The left-hand side contains a vertical menu with all the topics your documentation covers.

The right-hand side presents the description and all the details for each individual topic.

For simplicity, start with the homepage and 2–3 subpages first. Come up with a clean layout and make sure your links are working properly.

Then, start expanding the website with additional sub-pages, content, and elements.

• HTML hyperlinks and buttons

Creating an online recipe book as an HTML and CSS project requires a similar setup than the previous project example.

You will need to create a homepage that serves as a directory for all your recipes. Then, create a separate subpage for each recipe.

If you want to challenge yourself, add recipe categories and create separate directory pages for each of them.

• embedding recipe photos

One of the best ways to practice HTML and CSS is to clone an existing web page from scratch.

Use your browser’s inspecting tools to get an idea of how the page is built.

As with any HTML and CSS project, start by creating the basic page template with:

Then, divide your page into sections, rows, and columns.

Finally, fill your page with individual elements like headings, paragraphs, and images.

Once the HTML content is in place, use CSS to style your page.

Start with something simple, like the PayPal login page.

Then move on to more demanding cloning projects, such as a news website. Try the BBC homepage, for example.

Where to learn HTML and CSS?

There are no prerequisites required for you to learn HTML and CSS.

Both languages are easy to learn for beginners, and you can start building real-life projects almost right away.

Here are a few courses to check out if you want to learn HTML and CSS online at your own pace:

1: Build Responsive Real World Websites with HTML5 and CSS3

Build Responsive Real World Websites with HTML5 and CSS3 was my first online web development course focused 100% on HTML and CSS.

You don’t need any coding or web development experience for this course. But if you have watched some online tutorials but you’re not sure how to create a full-scale website by yourself, you are going to love it.

2: The Complete Web Developer Course 2.0

The Complete Web Developer Course 2.0 changed my life back when I started learning web development.

This course takes you from zero to knowing the basics of all fundamental, popular web development tools. You’ll learn:

• HTML and CSS
• JavaScript and jQuery
• and much more

3: Modern HTML & CSS From The Beginning (Including Sass)

I’m a big fan of Brad Traversy, and I really can’t recommend his Modern HTML & CSS From The Beginning course enough.

Even if you have never built a website with HTML and CSS before, this course will teach you all the basics you need to know.

4: The Complete 2023 Web Development Bootcamp

One of my most recent favorites, The Complete 2023 Web Development Bootcamp by Dr. Angela Yu is one of the best web development courses for beginners I’ve come across.

If you’re not quite sure what area or language to specialize in, this course is the perfect place to try a handful of tools and programming languages on a budget.

5: Learn HTML (Codecademy)

Learn HTML is a free beginner-level course that walks you through the fundamentals with interactive online lessons.

Codecademy also offers a plethora of other web development courses. Check out their full course catalog here .

6: Responsive Web Design (freeCodeCamp)

The Responsive Web Design certification on FreeCodeCamp is great for learning all the basics of web development from scratch for free.

You start with HTML and CSS to get the hang of front-end web dev fundamentals. Then, you start learning new tools and technologies to add to your toolkit, one by one.

Also, check out these roundups with helpful web development courses:

• 27 Best Web Development Courses (Free and Paid)
• 20+ Web Development Books for Beginners
• 120+ Free Places to Learn to Code (With No Experience)
• 100+ Web Development Tools and Resources

Final thoughts: HTML and CSS project ideas for beginners

There you go!

When it comes to learning HTML and CSS, practice really makes perfect. I hope you found a few inspirational ideas here to start building your next project right away.

Learning HTML and CSS may seem intimidating at first, but when you break it down into small, less-intimidating projects, it’s really not as hard as you might think.

HTML and CSS are easy to learn. You can use them to create really cool, fun projects – even if you are new to coding.

Try these beginner-level HTML and CSS project ideas to improve your front-end web development skills starting now. Do your best to build them without following tutorials.

Remember to add your projects to your portfolio website, too.

It’s possible to learn how to code on your own, and it’s possible to land your first developer job without any formal education or traditional CS degree.

It all boils down to knowing how to apply your skills by building an awesome portfolio of projects like the ones above.

So, which project will you build first? Let me know in the comments below!

Once you feel comfortable with HTML and CSS, it’s time to start learning and practising JavaScript .

To get started, check out my guide with 20+ fun JavaScript projects ideas for beginners . I’ll see you there!

Happy coding! – Mikke

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About mikke.

Hi, I’m Mikke! I’m a blogger, freelance web developer, and online business nerd. Join me here on MikkeGoes.com to learn how to code for free , build a professional portfolio website , launch a tech side hustle , and make money coding . When I’m not blogging, you will find me sipping strong coffee and biking around town in Berlin. Learn how I taught myself tech skills and became a web dev entrepreneur here . And come say hi on Twitter !

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Unit 2: Intro to HTML/CSS: Making webpages

About this unit, intro to html.

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Responsive Website Development and Design Specialization

Create an interactive user experience.. Learn the fundamentals of full stack web development in five comprehensive courses.

Taught in English

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Instructors: Prof Marco Gillies +4 more

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Specialization - 6 course series

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What you'll learn

Modern full-stack web developmen t

Reactive / multi-user web applications

APIs and animation

Collaborative multi-user experiences

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• Develop a deep understanding of key concepts
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Responsive web design is all about creating the best user experience regardless of whether a user is accessing your site from a desktop computer, a mobile phone, or a tablet.

This Specialisation covers the basics of modern full stack web development, from UX design to front-end coding to custom databases. You’ll build foundational skills in a full range of technologies, including HTML/CSS, Javascript, and MongoDB, and you’ll learn to implement a reactive, multi-user web application using the meteor.js framework. We’ll also touch on more advanced topics, such as APIs, data visualization, and animation.

You will add several projects to your portfolio to demonstrate your skill and growth throughout this Specialisation. You will create web pages using basic elements to control layout and style, use responsive web design principles to take a site from wireframe to website, implement security features, and create collaborative multi-user experiences. Just like any professional full stack web developer, you will build accessibility and usability into your responsive websites.

Applied Learning Project

Upon completing the five courses in the Responsive Website Development and Design Specialization, along with the Capstone Project, you’ll have designed and launched your own fully-functioning, responsive web application.

In the capstone project, you will:

1. Develop a complete website using the full range of skills learned during the specialisation

2. Work through a structured process from idea generation to product delivery

3. Document and receive feedback on the development of your project from an idea to a fully functional piece of software in a series of structured assignments including peer interactions

Responsive Website Basics: Code with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript

In this course you will learn three key website programming and design languages: HTML, CSS and JavaScript. You will create a web page using basic elements to control layout and style. Additionally, your web page will support interactivity.

At the end of the course, you will be able to: 1. Define the purpose of HTML, CSS and JavaScript 2. Make a simple web page using HTML 3. Use CSS to control text styles and layout 4. Use CSS libraries such as Bootstrap to create responsive layouts 5. Use JavaScript variables and functions 6. Manipulate web page content using JavaScript 7. Respond to user input using JavaScript In this course, you will complete: 2 assignments writing HTML, CSS and JavaScript, each taking ~1 hour to complete 4 quizzes, each taking ~20 minutes to complete 1 programming exercise~30 minutes to complete multiple practice quizzes, each taking ~5 minutes to complete Participation in or completion of this online course will not confer academic credit for University of London programmes.

Responsive Web Design

In this course you will learn how to apply concepts from interaction design and human computer interaction in order to design and build an interactive, professional looking website. You will learn how to make your web page designs adapt to different screen sizes using responsive grid layouts. You will learn how to add navigation and other design elements, and you will learn how to separate data and display using JavaScript objects and templates.

At the end of the course, you will be able to: 1. Explain why users need to know where they are, where they can go and what is on a web page 2. Create wireframe mockups of web pages 3. Identify the key functional elements of web pages 4. Use Bootstrap components to realise page designs 5. Use JavaScript data structures such as arrays and objects to define the data used in a web page 6. Use the Handlebars template library to convert data to HTML 7. Add interactivity to templates using JavaScript event listeners In this course, you will complete: 1 website design assignment taking ~1 hour to complete 1 programming assignment taking ~1 hour to complete 4 quizzes, each taking ~20 minutes to complete multiple practice quizzes, each taking ~5 minutes to complete Participation in or completion of this online course will not confer academic credit for University of London programmes.

Introduction to Meteor.js Development

In this course, you will learn how to create a complete, multi-user web site using the Meteor.js framework and MongoDB. You will implement user authentication, security features, reactive templates and routing using iron router. You will carry out key database operations such as inserting, removing and updating data as well as sorting and filtering. You will see how a complete application can be built, line by line.

At the end of the course, you will be able to: 1. Install the Meteor.js system and create a web application 2. Work with the Meteor.js packaging system 3. Write Meteor.js templates that can reactively display data 4. Use insert, remove and update operations on MongoDB 5. Write MongoDB data filters to search for and sort data 6 .Add user authentication functionality to a website 7. Control what is displayed on the page using iron:router 8. Implement basic security features In this course, you will complete: 1 server install assignment taking ~1 hour to complete 1 programming assignment taking ~8 hours to complete 4 quizzes, each taking ~20 minutes to complete multiple practice quizzes, each taking ~5 minutes to complete Prerequisites This course is designed to build on top of the material delivered in the previous two courses in this specialisation. Therefore, we recommend that if you find this course too technically challenging that you first complete the previous courses before re-commencing this one. Specifically, we expect you to be able to code basic HTML, CSS and Javascript before you take this course. Participation in or completion of this online course will not confer academic credit for University of London programmes.

Web Application Development with JavaScript and MongoDB

In this course, you will develop more advanced web application programming skills. You will learn how to control data read and write access using methods, publish and subscribe. You will learn how to access your database and server shells using command line tools. You will use the SimpleSchema system to validate data and generate input forms automatically. You will see a complete collaborative code editing environment, TextCircle, being built from scratch.

At the end of this course, you will be able to: - use Meteor methods to control data write access - use publish and subscribe to control data read access - install and use advanced Meteor packages - add user accounts to your applications - implement complex MongoDB filters - use the MongoDB and meteor server shells - define data validations schemas using SimpleSchema - generate data input forms automatically using SimpleSchema In this course, you will complete: 2 programming assignments taking ~4 hours each to complete 4 quizzes, each taking ~20 minutes to complete multiple practice quizzes, each taking ~5 minutes to complete Participation in or completion of this online course will not confer academic credit for University of London programmes

Responsive Website Tutorial and Examples

In this course, we will show you exciting examples of collaborative, interactive web applications that use various types of media including sound, images and big data.

We will show you how to build sites that provide precisely this functionality, using Meteor. We will also provide fully working example application code that you can use for your own commercial web projects. The course also provides a range of advice and suggestions about how to develop bespoke web applications which match the requirements of clients, where clients are people who commission the product or people who use the product. We will take you through the development of the following applications: 1. A portfolio website with collaborative blogging functionality. 2. An interactive, realtime, multi user music remixing system. 3. An interactive, online graffiti wall where users can collaborate to create graphics. 4. An interactive data visualisation platform for exploring and plotting big data in exciting ways. At the end of this course, you will be able to: • Implement animated data visualisations and graphics using advanced user interface libraries such as vis.js • Work with external data sources • Create multi user, realtime, collaborative environments • Use media APIs such as the Web Audio API Participation in or completion of this online course will not confer academic credit for University of London programmes.

Responsive Website Development and Design Capstone

For your Responsive Website Development and Design Specialization Capstone Project, you will create a complete, responsive, multi-user, data-driven website which aims to solve a particular problem. We encourage you to create a website addressing a problem that you are interested in! However, if you don’t have an idea of your own, we have several that we will suggest in the course.

In the capstone project, you will: 1. Develop a complete website using the full range of skills learned during the specialisation 2. Work through a structured process from idea generation to product delivery 3. Document and receive feedback on the development of your project from an idea to a fully functional piece of software in a series of structured assignments including peer interactions Participation in or completion of this online course will not confer academic credit for University of London programmes.

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Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to complete the responsive website development specialization.

Time to completion can vary based on your schedule, but most learners are able to complete the Specialization in 6-8 months.

How often is each course in the Specialization offered?

Each course in the Specialization is offered on a regular schedule, with sessions starting about once per month. If you don't complete a course on the first try, you can easily transfer to the next session, and your completed work and grades will carry over.

Do I need to take the courses in a specific order?

We recommend taking the courses in the order presented, as each subsequent course will build on material from previous courses.

Will I earn university credit for completing the Responsive Website Development Specialization?

Coursera courses and certificates don't carry university credit, though some universities may choose to accept Specialization Certificates for credit. Check with your institution to learn more.

What will I be able to do upon completing the Responsive Website Development Specialization?

You’ll be able to build, test, and deploy a complete, mobile-ready web application from the bottom up using industry standard technologies (primarily HTML, CSS, and Javascript/JQuery). You’ll also have a fully-functioning, responsive web application to add to your portfolio.

What background knowledge is necessary?

This course is aimed at beginners who have not done any programming before but you are expected to have a decent level of general ICT skills. If you have programmed before, perhaps in an area other than the web, the course contains information of interest to those at intermediate and advanced levels.

What will I need to study this specialisation?

You will need access to a reasonably recent computer with reliable internet access, including having the system access rights to install software. You will need the Chrome web browser or Firefox if you prefer. You will need a decent text editor such as notepad++, sublime text, textwrangler, emacs, vim etc.

Is this course really 100% online? Do I need to attend any classes in person?

This course is completely online, so there’s no need to show up to a classroom in person. You can access your lectures, readings and assignments anytime and anywhere via the web or your mobile device.

What is the refund policy?

If you subscribed, you get a 7-day free trial during which you can cancel at no penalty. After that, we don’t give refunds, but you can cancel your subscription at any time. See our full refund policy Opens in a new tab .

Can I just enroll in a single course?

Yes! To get started, click the course card that interests you and enroll. You can enroll and complete the course to earn a shareable certificate, or you can audit it to view the course materials for free. When you subscribe to a course that is part of a Specialization, you’re automatically subscribed to the full Specialization. Visit your learner dashboard to track your progress.

Is financial aid available?

Yes. In select learning programs, you can apply for financial aid or a scholarship if you can’t afford the enrollment fee. If fin aid or scholarship is available for your learning program selection, you’ll find a link to apply on the description page.

Can I take the course for free?

When you enroll in the course, you get access to all of the courses in the Specialization, and you earn a certificate when you complete the work. If you only want to read and view the course content, you can audit the course for free. If you cannot afford the fee, you can apply for financial aid Opens in a new tab .

Will I earn university credit for completing the Specialization?

This Specialization doesn't carry university credit, but some universities may choose to accept Specialization Certificates for credit. Check with your institution to learn more.

More questions

CS4760 & CS5760: Human-Computer Interactions & Usability

Project assignment 2 – website and interaction design.

Design and implement a website for your project. Recall that a website is a domain of HCI and your site will be evaluated accordingly. The website does not need to be elaborate, but it should serve the purpose of the users of your website. Users of your website are your development team (CS students), me (the instructor), graduate students, and your client (the scientist). We use your website to track your progress and evaluate your design and documents. Graduate students will provide additional documents for projects. When your client and I review your project, we will want to refer to the graduate student document, so your website must have links to their documents on a per document basis. Graduate students are also users of your web site. They will refer to your website to find your design documents for the project, which they need to write their documents. Consequently your design documents must be posted timely and kept current. Other users might discover you website and want to know more about your project. In the era of modern web search engines more people may view your web pages than you suspect. In fact, I have received email from some companies interested in a course project.

All design documents should be linked in your website in a format readable by all web browsers. Initially, the website will include a home page with application name, and team membership. The initial website will also contain the interaction design documents (described below). The documents are to be posted online by the due date. The documents do not have to be a single file, but they should be recognized as a group and easily navigated in the website.

You may use most any tool or templates that you’d like to make your team website. It should be a static website, meaning made up of html, jpg and pdf documents. There should not be a database backend. Consequently, something like WordPress would NOT be appropriate. The website should not have redirection, meaning in a .htaccess file. I have two goals for the website:

• A central location to store your design documents that I can zip and save for posterity.
• A media for sharing your documents with your client, team and grad student.

I do not expect anything elaborate in these websites in terms of styling or design. Your design for the website should pay attention to ease of access and finding documents.

Team & Project Documents:

Team contract.

Your team contract should be posted on website, so that I can view it.

Meeting Notes

After meeting with the scientists, you should post the meeting notes on the website.

Design Documents:

These are the design documents that must be posted to your website. Note that many of these documents should be a collaborative effort of the entire team.

The design documents must include:

• Design, Develop and Maintain team Website
• Brief overview of the system, including the device and any other device used by the system
• Descriptions of important stakeholders, including users.
• 2 user personas (See lecture notes)
• Descriptions of the environment that users will be in while using the device and performing tasks
• Scanned or transcribed notes from the interviews with the scientist and among yourselves
• 2 scenarios describing the nominal use of the application, drawing on your personas (See lecture notes and below)
• Simplified hierarchical task interaction design (See lecture notes and below)
• A description of your database schema

These documents do not include sketches of the interface’s visual design; your interface’s visual design will be presented during the cognitive walkthrough.

After your website is reviewed in class, graduate students will give you links to their stakeholder analysis documents. You are to link the graduates’ stakeholder analysis to your website. The links should be clear and well organized, so that users of your web site will easily recognize them. You should also review the graduate students’ user-task-goal analysis documents and compare them to the nominal interaction diagram and scenario documents. If there is substantial disagreement, your group should discuss them with the graduate students. A good user interface cannot be designed without a thorough understanding of the users, their goals and the tasks to be performed with the interface.

Stakeholders and Users

List and describe the stakeholders. You should name their role and level in the onion model. Some specific stakeholders you may want to also give proper names, for example the scientists for your project. You should also identify the different users of app and classify them as primary or secondary. Briefly describe the user characteristics that you think are important for the design, for example are they novice or expert users.

Usability expert Carol Barnum (Usability Testing Essentials: Ready, Set…Test! Morgan Kaufman, 2010) defines personas as “fictional representations of people that are created from real data about your users” (94). Remember that although personas require creativity, the information presented should be relevant to the product or document that you are creating and should help designers “understand user motivation, fears, concerns, and goals as they relate to your product” (97).

Nominal Use Scenario

The nominal use scenario is a verbal description of a nominal (error free) sequence of events using the system. It should describe how the major stakeholders (primary and secondary stakeholders) interact with the system or the application. The description should be several paragraphs, one paragraph for each stakeholder interacting with the system.  It should read like a story.

Simplified Hierarchical Task Analysis

A complete hierarchical task analysis (HTA) diagrams the different uses of the application in a tree, where the higher level are associated with goals, intermediate levels represent the tasks to achieve these goals, and the lower levels represent actions to perform the tasks. Links in the tree associate tasks with goals, and actions with tasks. A complete HTA can consume lots of time and paper.

I suggest making a simplified HTA which dispenses with links and uses intended tabs to represent the hierarchy.  The intent of the simplified HTA is to represent the views of the application by the different indentation levels. A single indentation level may represent more than one view. Try to represent all the views. In other words, the simplified HTA still represents all the uses of the applications, but does not attempt to diagram the actions. You may need to use several indentation tables for application goals that have little in common.

I suggest using a top-down approach to develop the simplified HTA. First list all the major goals or tasks of the application; this will represent the views. Then indent and list the actions to achieve the corresponding goal or task; this will represent UI elements in the view. Try to name the tasks and sub-tasks with words that might be used in the application view.

All Citizen Science projects collect data for scientist to use. In order for the scientist to have access to the data, your app should upload the data to a website.

Domain Classes

Grails and GORM create the database table from the Grails project domain classes. The domain class is a collection of typed class members. The domain class represents the table in the database or a row of the table. The class members name represents the column names in the table.

Schema Specifications

A database schema is the design of tables composing your database. I expect that your schema design to evolve during development, but you should begin the design now. An appropriate design format is list of domain classes with an intended list of  class member names (column names in the table) with type and description. The format is:

Domain : <name> – <description>

• var1 – <type>, <description>
• var2, – <type >, <description>

Schema Specification Example

Suppose you are designing the “Army App” data base that soldiers use to read missions and report incidents that can have photos or recordings (read lecture notes).  Your schema design might be:

List of Domain Classes:

• Mission – list of mission names with dates
• Incident – list of incidents
• Incident_photo – associates photos with missions
• Incident_recording – associates recordings missions

Domain Class: Mission – list of missions

• name – String, mission name
• date – Date, date of mission

Domain Class: Incident – list of incidents

• mission – Mission, foreign key into missions table
• date – Date, date of incident
• Time – long, time of incident
• latitude – double, latitude coordinate of incident
• longitude – double, longitude coordinate of incident
• type – String, incident type = (civil, suspicious, littering, theft, …)

Domain Class: Incident_photo

• incident – Incident, foreign key into incident table
• date – Date, date of photo
• time – long, time of incident
• latitude – double, latitude coordinate of photo
• longitude – double, longitude coordinate of photo
• file_uri – String, URI (path with name) to the photo file

TABLE: Incident_recording

• date – Date, date of recording
• latitude – double, latitude coordinate of recording
• longitude – double, longitude coordinate of recording
• flie_uri – String, URI (complete path) to the recording file

CS4760 Collaboration

The entire team should have access to the directory and website. Your team will work together to create the progress and design documents indicated above. When team members finish design documents, the document should be posted on the team website.

As team members finish a document, the document should be discussed with the entire team because all the tasks and documents are associated with the design and development of your app.

Send me (pastel at mtu.edu)  an email informing me that your website is initiated (home page is up), so we can review the website and make any suggestions. The subject line of the email should be

cs4760 Project Assignment 2 – <team name>

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Top Web Design Projects to Sharpen Your Skills and Build Your Web Design Portfolio

Web designers are in charge of creating, designing, and troubleshooting the design and layout of websites and web pages. Web design can involve creating entirely new websites from scratch or updating an older site with better UX and technical features. To become a web designer , you need to be prepared to manage all the visual content and design elements of a website.

Keep in mind that web designers are different from web developers . While the latter deal with backend coding, the former focus on the front end look of each page. But the two roles can overlap, so knowing some web development skills can benefit any web designer. You can use the web design projects in this guide to enhance your web development and web design skills.

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5 skills that web design projects can help you practice.

A good web design project will help you hone several practical and technical skills. Web design requires excellent artistic vision for design trends, as well as some web development knowledge and abilities. You should especially seek out project ideas that can give you hands-on experience in the five areas listed below.

• HTML. Most web designers these days are expected to learn HTML . Short for HyperText Markup Language, HTML lets you provide structure and form to your content. Your website cannot function without HTML, so it’s an integral skill for web designers. 
• CSS. An HTML page’s style is determined by CSS or Cascading Style Sheets. Simply put, CSS skills help you make your content more visually appealing. This coding language lets you do things like change fonts, tweak colors, and add or remove backgrounds.
• JavaScript . Web design is mainly a front end phenomenon, and JavaScript has become an essential tool for front end developers and designers alike. JavaScript is the best technology available for building functional web applications and making web pages more interactive and dynamic.
• User experience design. A website’s user experience (UX) design determines how a visitor feels while interacting with the website. Web designers are increasingly approaching their designs from a user-first perspective, which means that they conduct user research and use what they learn to improve navigation, content, and colors. 
• Visual design. This skill is closely connected to UX design. However, its focus is more on the aesthetic. Grid systems, space typography, color psychology, and type hierarchy are examples of visual design tools that successful web designers know a lot about.  

Best Web Design Project Ideas for Beginners 

If you’re interested in web design but don’t have a lot of experience in the field, there are plenty of projects you can try. Learners at the beginner level will find the following five web design project ideas useful for building their skillsets and improving their resumes. 

One-Page Layout

• Web Design Skills Practiced: UX design, HTML, CSS

This beginner-friendly project involves recreating a one-page, responsive layout from a previously established one-page design. This project is excellent for beginners because you already have the source code at your disposal. You just have to edit it according to your needs and specifications. 

This project uses Conquer, a basic template that includes various one-page layouts to choose from. As a result, you can experiment freely with CSS layout technologies like Flexbox and the float property. 

Login Authentication

• Web Design Skills Practiced: UX design, HTML, JavaScript

This project will put your JavaScript skills to the test and offer you new insights into this text-based programming language. It entails designing a login authentication bar that allows users to type in their email and username credentials to log in to the site. 

Once the user logs in successfully, they should be able to access certain features that are not available to unauthenticated users. If you’re interested in getting into web design, this is a great project since almost every website uses some form of login authentication.

Product Landing Page

• Web Design Skills Practiced: UX design, HTML

Product landing pages are crucial for any web designer to know how to create. It’s a major type of digital media that users interact with, and web designers must understand HTML and CSS to create a strong landing page for any type of product.

The goal of this project is to design and develop a product landing page relevant to the target audience. You will do this by using HTML and CSS to add columns, content, and stock photos related to the product itself or the business. To make the layout more attractive, you can play around with additional features and tools, such as design templates and UX design elements. 

• Web Design Skills Practiced: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, UX design

A to-do list generated with JavaScript and HTML makes for an excellent beginner web design project. You will first use JavaScript, HTML, and CSS to create a prioritized list for tasks, due dates, and other upcoming deadlines. Once the basic page is in place, you can develop your UX design skills by changing the look and feel of your list. 

JavaScript is the most appropriate language for this project since it allows you to design the interactive coding lists however you want. You’ll be able to add, delete, and re-group the content more easily, using JavaScript to make the page more dynamic and compelling. 

Google Home Page Lookalike

• Web Design Skills Practiced: JavaScript, HTML, CSS, UX design

Have you ever wanted to create an iconic yet simple web page, just like Google? With this straightforward beginner-level web design project idea, now you can. This Google homepage lookalike project lets you design a Google-like homepage using JavaScript, HTML, CSS, and UX features. 

Essentially, you will need to create a picture-perfect copy of Google’s homepage, with all its logos, search icons, text boxes, links, and images. It won’t be necessary to worry about the page’s functionality since the goal is to replicate the homepage.

Best Intermediate Web Design Project Ideas 

If you’re feeling more confident in your web design skills, you should check out some more advanced online projects. The following project ideas will help you add more tools and skills to your web design arsenal. 

Giphy with Unique API

• Web Design Skills Practiced: HTML, CSS

This is an excellent intermediate project that you can sink your teeth into. You’ll have to design a web application that presents GIFs via search inputs and the Giphy API. Essentially, you’ll be recreating the Giphy website. 

The best way to go about this project is to use the Giphy API instead of making additional configurations to request data. The Giphy API will also help with creating a search bar for users. Upon typing the name of a GIF into the search bar, users will find specific and trending GIFs in a column format. You can include more search options at the bottom of the search field.

JavaScript Quiz Game

Here you’ll be building and designing a multiple choice quiz game using JavaScript. You must develop the game in such a way that the player can see the right and wrong answers upon finishing the game. 

This project is a great way to master JavaScript and get some UX design training. Additionally, you can delve into JavaScript DOM manipulation and data management by building and designing score charts and leaderboards.

SEO-Friendly Website

Search engine optimization (SEO) plays a crucial role in not only building your website but also allowing it to reach your target audience. Without SEO, your website will not be visible to organic search traffic in search engine results pages (SERPs). Web designers must understand the principles of SEO if they’re going to design web pages that get traction from users. 

For this project, you’ll be part web designer and part digital marketer. The goal is to construct a website with user-friendly URLs and a responsive design. If you’re not quite sure why SEO is important for digital design, we recommend learning about technical SEO basics before getting started with this project.

Survey Form

• Web Design Skills Practiced: HTML, JavaScript, CSS, UX design

This project involves creating a survey form or questionnaire using HTML, JavaScript, and CSS. Building a survey form will undoubtedly test your webpage structuring abilities and allow you to get creative with web design. A lot of companies collect information about their customers via survey forms even today, so this is a job-ready skill that employers appreciate.

The survey form must include all the necessary components, including relevant fields like name, age, email address, and phone number. You can generate multiple-choice or fill-in-the-blank response types to gather a variety of users’ answers. Depending on the type of company or field involved, you can then add more industry-specific questions.

Exit Plugin

• Web Design Skills Practiced: HTML, JavaScript

If you have ever used the Internet, you have encountered tiny pop-up banners when trying to close a web page or website. These little pop-ups are called exit plugins, and they are designed to persuade users to stay on web pages through eye-catching advertisements.

In this project, you’ll be designing an exit plugin that would keep a potential user on your webpage a little longer. You can build exit plugins and exit widgets through JavaScript. The jQuery open source library provides a helpful tool for getting started on your project, but there are many other libraries available online that can provide the same resources.

Best Advanced Web Design Project Ideas

A successful web designer has to be able to work on advanced web development projects. More challenging tasks will improve the skills of anybody who wishes to become better at designing websites. Below are a few advanced web design project ideas that will put your web design skills to the test.

Online Affiliate Platforms

Affiliate marketing can generate passive income for businesses. Let’s say you run a business website. An affiliate website includes links leading to separate pages for other brands, products, or services. Each time a visitor purchases something through these platforms, you earn a percentage. As a web designer, you can decide how the affiliate program of your choice will appear on your website. 

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Being able to design an affiliate website can lead to freelance designers getting their big breaks. Web designers who can create affiliate platforms are highly sought-after by a wide range of companies and individuals interested in passive income.

AJAX-Style Login

• Web Design Skills Practiced: UX design, HTML, JavaScript, AJAX

Login forms are essential for numerous online businesses and websites. In this project, you will build the front end for an AJAX-based login page. AJAX is an advanced skill for building dynamic websites. With an AJAX-style authentication system, you will not need to reload the page to determine whether you have entered the right information.

Alternatively, you can use the software development process of hard-coding to input a username and password directly, which can then be the basis for validating login attempts. You can also implement error messages that pop up after unsuccessful login attempts.

Address Book

• Web Design Skills Practiced: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Python

This project involves using some basic Python skills, along with CSS, HTML, and JavaScript, to create an app that works as a functional address book. This is an excellent project to teach you practical coding skills perfect for your dream web design career. You must ensure that the application has a functional search bar, data entry capability, and priority status options.

You can generate placeholder data through an API or JSON. AJAX requests, such as those created by jQuery or HTTP requests utilizing XML, are needed to load the data into the application. Caching requests can also reduce unnecessary network traffic.

Modal Pop-Ups

• Web Design Skills Practiced: HTML, JavaScript, UX design

For this web design project, you’ll have to design modal pop-ups that show up whenever a user accesses your page. These modal pop-ups will provide visitors with notifications, advertisements, and other data in a fun, animated way. 

You can create these pop-ups with JavaScript code. These pop-ups have to be appealing to look at, so you can incorporate some basic design and UX techniques. Try to include animations like sparkles or pulsating colors to make your pop-ups look more interesting. Additionally, you must design a way for users to close these pop-ups with one click. 

Social Share Buttons

Social media share buttons are available on the vast majority of WordPress-built websites. Sharing buttons allow users to share content on social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Pinterest, which is an excellent way to reach a wider audience online.

For this project, you will create a social share button for non-WordPress websites. You’ll be using JavaScript code to generate these share buttons, and you can link to any relevant social media site that you’d like. These dynamic buttons should add to the webpage’s UX, so they should seamlessly flow with the rest of the website design.

Next Steps: Start Organizing Your Web Design Portfolio

A portfolio of your work is essential if you want to break into the tech field as a web designer. Just like a well-designed website, an organized and well-written portfolio will catch the eye of any reader and help you get hired as a web designer. You can improve the appearance of your web design portfolio by following these tips.

Build a Portfolio Website

If you’re an aspiring web designer, building a personal website is a logical substitute for a web design portfolio and paper resume. A portfolio website is different than a personal blog. This should be a full-fledged website dedicated to reflecting your skills and expertise to employers.

A portfolio website is a way for you to contact and impress potential hiring managers or web design clients, no matter where they are located in the world. You can take some design inspiration from other professionals’ online portfolios, but make sure that your unique skills as a freelance web designer stand out. 

Follow a Proper Layout

If you want your portfolio website to be successful, you should separate it into logical sections. Giving prominent placement to your best projects is also a great way to make your portfolio more effective. If you magnify your best work, it will be much easier to browse. 

Include Relevant Skills

Make sure to list your relevant technical skills alongside each project, and provide details wherever necessary. Web design involves being knowledgeable about coding, so list the programs and coding skills you know. Also, list whether you have taken any online web design classes to further round out your resume. Whoever is looking at your portfolio or portfolio website should be able to see and understand the relationship between your projects and your skills. 

Web Design Projects FAQ

There are many elements included in the web design process. These include defining the objectives, creating a sitemap and wireframe, creating content, designing the UI, and testing the site.

While web design comprises many technical skills, the most basic design must include five elements. These are content, usability, aesthetics, visibility, and interaction. 

An average web project should take between 12 and 16 weeks from start to finish. When a project is particularly complex or has a considerable scope, it can take six months or longer to launch the final product.

An effective website design fulfills its intended function when it conveys a particular message while engaging the visitor. Things like consistency, colors, typography, imagery, simplicity, and functionality are essential building blocks of a good website design.

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What Is Web Design: An Introduction to the Basics

A variety of skills are needed to create a great website

• PHP Programming
• Java Programming
• Javascript Programming
• Delphi Programming
• C & C++ Programming
• Ruby Programming
• Visual Basic

Jennifer Kyrnin is a professional web developer who assists others in learning web design, HTML, CSS, and XML.

• University of California
• University of Washington

Web design is the planning and creation of websites. This includes a number of separate skills that all fall under the umbrella of web design.

Some examples of these skills are information architecture, user interface, site structure, navigation, layout, colors, fonts, and overall imagery. All of these skills are combined with the principles of design to create a website that meets the goals of the company or individual from whom that site is being created.

This article will take a look at the basics of website design and the various disciplines or skills that are a part of this industry.

Design Is Key Part of Web Design

Design, obviously, is a key part of "web design." What does this mean exactly? Design includes both the principles of design —  balance , contrast, emphasis , rhythm , and unity — and the design elements — lines, shapes , texture, color, and direction .

By putting these things together, a web designer creates websites, but a good web designer understands not only the principles of design but also the constraints of the Web. For example, a successful web designer will be skilled in typographic design principles, while also understanding the challenges of  web type design  and specifically how it differs from other kinds of type design.

In addition to understanding the limitations of the Web, a successful web professional also has a firm grasp of the strengths of digital communication.

Web Design Has Many Different Roles

When you work as a web designer, you may be tasked with creating (or working on) entire sites or just individual pages and there is a lot to learn to be a well-rounded designer, including the following:

• HTML — This is the structure of web pages, creating the foundation of all websites
• CSS — This is how web pages are visually styled. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) handles the entire look of sites, including layout, typography, colors, and more
• JavaScript — This governs certain behaviors on websites and can be used for a variety of interactions and features
• CGI programming — CGI, and the next few entries (PHP, ASP, etc.) are all different flavors of programming languages. Many sites do not require any of these languages, but sites that are more feature-rich will certainly need to be coded using some of these languages
• PHP , ASP, ColdFusion scripting
• Information architecture — The way a site's content and navigation is structured and presented helps make for a successful site that is easy and intuitive to use
• SEO — Search engine optimization ensures that websites are attractive to Google and other search engines and that people looking for the products, services, or information features on that site can find it once they look for it online
• Server management — All websites need to be hosted. The management of the servers that host those sites is an important web design skill
• Web strategy and marketing — Having a website is not enough. Those sites will also need to be marketed with an ongoing digital strategy
• E-commerce and conversions
• Design — Creating the visual look and feel of websites has always been an important aspect of the industry
• Speed — A successful site is one that loads quickly on a wide variety of devices, regardless of a visitor's connection speed. Being able to tune the performance of sites is a very valuable skill
• Content — People come to websites for the content that those sites contain. Being able to create that content is a critically important component in the world of website design

There's also so much more areas and skills that cross into the field of web design, but most designers don't try to cover all of them. Instead, a web designer will generally focus on one or two areas where they can excel. The other items in web design that are needed are ones that they can partner with others one as part of a larger web design team. 

• How to Find Blogs You'll Enjoy
• What Is CSS and Where Is It Used?
• How to Contrast Background and Foreground Colors in Web Design
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• Tips for a Great Web Page
• Make Fancy Headings With CSS
• Delivering Sites and Project Files to Clients
• What is a Printer-Friendly Web Page?
• Top 10 Must-Have Web Designer Job Skills
• Best Practices for Using PDFs on Web Pages
• Add Images to Web Pages Using HTML
• Web Design: Understanding Common Abbreviations
• The Latest on HTML Frames
• What Is Geotagging?
• What Is a "Font Stack"?
• What Are the Parts of a Webpage?

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Designing Assignments for Learning

The rapid shift to remote teaching and learning meant that many instructors reimagined their assessment practices. Whether adapting existing assignments or creatively designing new opportunities for their students to learn, instructors focused on helping students make meaning and demonstrate their learning outside of the traditional, face-to-face classroom setting. This resource distills the elements of assignment design that are important to carry forward as we continue to seek better ways of assessing learning and build on our innovative assignment designs.

On this page:

Rethinking traditional tests, quizzes, and exams.

• Examples from the Columbia University Classroom
• Tips for Designing Assignments for Learning

Reflect On Your Assignment Design

Connect with the ctl.

• Resources and References

Cite this resource: Columbia Center for Teaching and Learning (2021). Designing Assignments for Learning. Columbia University. Retrieved [today’s date] from https://ctl.columbia.edu/resources-and-technology/teaching-with-technology/teaching-online/designing-assignments/

Traditional assessments tend to reveal whether students can recognize, recall, or replicate what was learned out of context, and tend to focus on students providing correct responses (Wiggins, 1990). In contrast, authentic assignments, which are course assessments, engage students in higher order thinking, as they grapple with real or simulated challenges that help them prepare for their professional lives, and draw on the course knowledge learned and the skills acquired to create justifiable answers, performances or products (Wiggins, 1990). An authentic assessment provides opportunities for students to practice, consult resources, learn from feedback, and refine their performances and products accordingly (Wiggins 1990, 1998, 2014). 

Authentic assignments ask students to “do” the subject with an audience in mind and apply their learning in a new situation. Examples of authentic assignments include asking students to: 

• Write for a real audience (e.g., a memo, a policy brief, letter to the editor, a grant proposal, reports, building a website) and/or publication;
• Solve problem sets that have real world application; 
• Design projects that address a real world problem; 
• Engage in a community-partnered research project;
• Create an exhibit, performance, or conference presentation ;
• Compile and reflect on their work through a portfolio/e-portfolio.

Noteworthy elements of authentic designs are that instructors scaffold the assignment, and play an active role in preparing students for the tasks assigned, while students are intentionally asked to reflect on the process and product of their work thus building their metacognitive skills (Herrington and Oliver, 2000; Ashford-Rowe, Herrington and Brown, 2013; Frey, Schmitt, and Allen, 2012). 

It’s worth noting here that authentic assessments can initially be time consuming to design, implement, and grade. They are critiqued for being challenging to use across course contexts and for grading reliability issues (Maclellan, 2004). Despite these challenges, authentic assessments are recognized as beneficial to student learning (Svinicki, 2004) as they are learner-centered (Weimer, 2013), promote academic integrity (McLaughlin, L. and Ricevuto, 2021; Sotiriadou et al., 2019; Schroeder, 2021) and motivate students to learn (Ambrose et al., 2010). The Columbia Center for Teaching and Learning is always available to consult with faculty who are considering authentic assessment designs and to discuss challenges and affordances.   

Examples from the Columbia University Classroom 

Columbia instructors have experimented with alternative ways of assessing student learning from oral exams to technology-enhanced assignments. Below are a few examples of authentic assignments in various teaching contexts across Columbia University. 

• E-portfolios: Statia Cook shares her experiences with an ePorfolio assignment in her co-taught Frontiers of Science course (a submission to the Voices of Hybrid and Online Teaching and Learning initiative); CUIMC use of ePortfolios ;
• Case studies: Columbia instructors have engaged their students in authentic ways through case studies drawing on the Case Consortium at Columbia University. Read and watch a faculty spotlight to learn how Professor Mary Ann Price uses the case method to place pre-med students in real-life scenarios;
• Simulations: students at CUIMC engage in simulations to develop their professional skills in The Mary & Michael Jaharis Simulation Center in the Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and the Helene Fuld Health Trust Simulation Center in the Columbia School of Nursing; 
• Experiential learning: instructors have drawn on New York City as a learning laboratory such as Barnard’s NYC as Lab webpage which highlights courses that engage students in NYC;
• Design projects that address real world problems: Yevgeniy Yesilevskiy on the Engineering design projects completed using lab kits during remote learning. Watch Dr. Yesilevskiy talk about his teaching and read the Columbia News article . 
• Writing assignments: Lia Marshall and her teaching associate Aparna Balasundaram reflect on their “non-disposable or renewable assignments” to prepare social work students for their professional lives as they write for a real audience; and Hannah Weaver spoke about a sandbox assignment used in her Core Literature Humanities course at the 2021 Celebration of Teaching and Learning Symposium . Watch Dr. Weaver share her experiences.  

​Tips for Designing Assignments for Learning

While designing an effective authentic assignment may seem like a daunting task, the following tips can be used as a starting point. See the Resources section for frameworks and tools that may be useful in this effort.  

Align the assignment with your course learning objectives 

Identify the kind of thinking that is important in your course, the knowledge students will apply, and the skills they will practice using through the assignment. What kind of thinking will students be asked to do for the assignment? What will students learn by completing this assignment? How will the assignment help students achieve the desired course learning outcomes? For more information on course learning objectives, see the CTL’s Course Design Essentials self-paced course and watch the video on Articulating Learning Objectives .  

Identify an authentic meaning-making task

For meaning-making to occur, students need to understand the relevance of the assignment to the course and beyond (Ambrose et al., 2010). To Bean (2011) a “meaning-making” or “meaning-constructing” task has two dimensions: 1) it presents students with an authentic disciplinary problem or asks students to formulate their own problems, both of which engage them in active critical thinking, and 2) the problem is placed in “a context that gives students a role or purpose, a targeted audience, and a genre.” (Bean, 2011: 97-98). 

An authentic task gives students a realistic challenge to grapple with, a role to take on that allows them to “rehearse for the complex ambiguities” of life, provides resources and supports to draw on, and requires students to justify their work and the process they used to inform their solution (Wiggins, 1990). Note that if students find an assignment interesting or relevant, they will see value in completing it. 

Consider the kind of activities in the real world that use the knowledge and skills that are the focus of your course. How is this knowledge and these skills applied to answer real-world questions to solve real-world problems? (Herrington et al., 2010: 22). What do professionals or academics in your discipline do on a regular basis? What does it mean to think like a biologist, statistician, historian, social scientist? How might your assignment ask students to draw on current events, issues, or problems that relate to the course and are of interest to them? How might your assignment tap into student motivation and engage them in the kinds of thinking they can apply to better understand the world around them? (Ambrose et al., 2010). 

Determine the evaluation criteria and create a rubric

To ensure equitable and consistent grading of assignments across students, make transparent the criteria you will use to evaluate student work. The criteria should focus on the knowledge and skills that are central to the assignment. Build on the criteria identified, create a rubric that makes explicit the expectations of deliverables and share this rubric with your students so they can use it as they work on the assignment. For more information on rubrics, see the CTL’s resource Incorporating Rubrics into Your Grading and Feedback Practices , and explore the Association of American Colleges & Universities VALUE Rubrics (Valid Assessment of Learning in Undergraduate Education). 

Build in metacognition

Ask students to reflect on what and how they learned from the assignment. Help students uncover personal relevance of the assignment, find intrinsic value in their work, and deepen their motivation by asking them to reflect on their process and their assignment deliverable. Sample prompts might include: what did you learn from this assignment? How might you draw on the knowledge and skills you used on this assignment in the future? See Ambrose et al., 2010 for more strategies that support motivation and the CTL’s resource on Metacognition ). 

Provide students with opportunities to practice

Design your assignment to be a learning experience and prepare students for success on the assignment. If students can reasonably expect to be successful on an assignment when they put in the required effort ,with the support and guidance of the instructor, they are more likely to engage in the behaviors necessary for learning (Ambrose et al., 2010). Ensure student success by actively teaching the knowledge and skills of the course (e.g., how to problem solve, how to write for a particular audience), modeling the desired thinking, and creating learning activities that build up to a graded assignment. Provide opportunities for students to practice using the knowledge and skills they will need for the assignment, whether through low-stakes in-class activities or homework activities that include opportunities to receive and incorporate formative feedback. For more information on providing feedback, see the CTL resource Feedback for Learning . 

Communicate about the assignment 

Share the purpose, task, audience, expectations, and criteria for the assignment. Students may have expectations about assessments and how they will be graded that is informed by their prior experiences completing high-stakes assessments, so be transparent. Tell your students why you are asking them to do this assignment, what skills they will be using, how it aligns with the course learning outcomes, and why it is relevant to their learning and their professional lives (i.e., how practitioners / professionals use the knowledge and skills in your course in real world contexts and for what purposes). Finally, verify that students understand what they need to do to complete the assignment. This can be done by asking students to respond to poll questions about different parts of the assignment, a “scavenger hunt” of the assignment instructions–giving students questions to answer about the assignment and having them work in small groups to answer the questions, or by having students share back what they think is expected of them.

Plan to iterate and to keep the focus on learning 

Draw on multiple sources of data to help make decisions about what changes are needed to the assignment, the assignment instructions, and/or rubric to ensure that it contributes to student learning. Explore assignment performance data. As Deandra Little reminds us: “a really good assignment, which is a really good assessment, also teaches you something or tells the instructor something. As much as it tells you what students are learning, it’s also telling you what they aren’t learning.” ( Teaching in Higher Ed podcast episode 337 ). Assignment bottlenecks–where students get stuck or struggle–can be good indicators that students need further support or opportunities to practice prior to completing an assignment. This awareness can inform teaching decisions. 

Triangulate the performance data by collecting student feedback, and noting your own reflections about what worked well and what did not. Revise the assignment instructions, rubric, and teaching practices accordingly. Consider how you might better align your assignment with your course objectives and/or provide more opportunities for students to practice using the knowledge and skills that they will rely on for the assignment. Additionally, keep in mind societal, disciplinary, and technological changes as you tweak your assignments for future use. 

Now is a great time to reflect on your practices and experiences with assignment design and think critically about your approach. Take a closer look at an existing assignment. Questions to consider include: What is this assignment meant to do? What purpose does it serve? Why do you ask students to do this assignment? How are they prepared to complete the assignment? Does the assignment assess the kind of learning that you really want? What would help students learn from this assignment? 

Using the tips in the previous section: How can the assignment be tweaked to be more authentic and meaningful to students? 

As you plan forward for post-pandemic teaching and reflect on your practices and reimagine your course design, you may find the following CTL resources helpful: Reflecting On Your Experiences with Remote Teaching , Transition to In-Person Teaching , and Course Design Support .

The Columbia Center for Teaching and Learning (CTL) is here to help!

For assistance with assignment design, rubric design, or any other teaching and learning need, please request a consultation by emailing [email protected] . 

Transparency in Learning and Teaching (TILT) framework for assignments. The TILT Examples and Resources page ( https://tilthighered.com/tiltexamplesandresources ) includes example assignments from across disciplines, as well as a transparent assignment template and a checklist for designing transparent assignments . Each emphasizes the importance of articulating to students the purpose of the assignment or activity, the what and how of the task, and specifying the criteria that will be used to assess students. 

Association of American Colleges & Universities (AAC&U) offers VALUE ADD (Assignment Design and Diagnostic) tools ( https://www.aacu.org/value-add-tools ) to help with the creation of clear and effective assignments that align with the desired learning outcomes and associated VALUE rubrics (Valid Assessment of Learning in Undergraduate Education). VALUE ADD encourages instructors to explicitly state assignment information such as the purpose of the assignment, what skills students will be using, how it aligns with course learning outcomes, the assignment type, the audience and context for the assignment, clear evaluation criteria, desired formatting, and expectations for completion whether individual or in a group.

Villarroel et al. (2017) propose a blueprint for building authentic assessments which includes four steps: 1) consider the workplace context, 2) design the authentic assessment; 3) learn and apply standards for judgement; and 4) give feedback. 

References 

Ambrose, S. A., Bridges, M. W., & DiPietro, M. (2010). Chapter 3: What Factors Motivate Students to Learn? In How Learning Works: Seven Research-Based Principles for Smart Teaching . Jossey-Bass. 

Ashford-Rowe, K., Herrington, J., and Brown, C. (2013). Establishing the critical elements that determine authentic assessment. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 39(2), 205-222, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2013.819566 .  

Bean, J.C. (2011). Engaging Ideas: The Professor’s Guide to Integrating Writing, Critical Thinking, and Active Learning in the Classroom . Second Edition. Jossey-Bass. 

Frey, B. B, Schmitt, V. L., and Allen, J. P. (2012). Defining Authentic Classroom Assessment. Practical Assessment, Research, and Evaluation. 17(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.7275/sxbs-0829  

Herrington, J., Reeves, T. C., and Oliver, R. (2010). A Guide to Authentic e-Learning . Routledge. 

Herrington, J. and Oliver, R. (2000). An instructional design framework for authentic learning environments. Educational Technology Research and Development, 48(3), 23-48. 

Litchfield, B. C. and Dempsey, J. V. (2015). Authentic Assessment of Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes. New Directions for Teaching and Learning. 142 (Summer 2015), 65-80. 

Maclellan, E. (2004). How convincing is alternative assessment for use in higher education. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 29(3), June 2004. DOI: 10.1080/0260293042000188267

McLaughlin, L. and Ricevuto, J. (2021). Assessments in a Virtual Environment: You Won’t Need that Lockdown Browser! Faculty Focus. June 2, 2021. 

Mueller, J. (2005). The Authentic Assessment Toolbox: Enhancing Student Learning through Online Faculty Development . MERLOT Journal of Online Learning and Teaching. 1(1). July 2005. Mueller’s Authentic Assessment Toolbox is available online. 

Schroeder, R. (2021). Vaccinate Against Cheating With Authentic Assessment . Inside Higher Ed. (February 26, 2021).  

Sotiriadou, P., Logan, D., Daly, A., and Guest, R. (2019). The role of authentic assessment to preserve academic integrity and promote skills development and employability. Studies in Higher Education. 45(111), 2132-2148. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2019.1582015    

Stachowiak, B. (Host). (November 25, 2020). Authentic Assignments with Deandra Little. (Episode 337). In Teaching in Higher Ed . https://teachinginhighered.com/podcast/authentic-assignments/  

Svinicki, M. D. (2004). Authentic Assessment: Testing in Reality. New Directions for Teaching and Learning. 100 (Winter 2004): 23-29. 

Villarroel, V., Bloxham, S, Bruna, D., Bruna, C., and Herrera-Seda, C. (2017). Authentic assessment: creating a blueprint for course design. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 43(5), 840-854. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2017.1412396    

Weimer, M. (2013). Learner-Centered Teaching: Five Key Changes to Practice . Second Edition. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. 

Wiggins, G. (2014). Authenticity in assessment, (re-)defined and explained. Retrieved from https://grantwiggins.wordpress.com/2014/01/26/authenticity-in-assessment-re-defined-and-explained/

Wiggins, G. (1998). Teaching to the (Authentic) Test. Educational Leadership . April 1989. 41-47. 

Wiggins, Grant (1990). The Case for Authentic Assessment . Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation , 2(2). 

Wondering how AI tools might play a role in your course assignments?

See the CTL’s resource “Considerations for AI Tools in the Classroom.”

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Unit 14 Website Design And Development Assignment

Introduction

This Unit 14 Website Design Development Assignment is done to support the website designing process and all activities such as website user interface, navigational system and effective user friendly environment. This assignment is done to get a help in understanding of deep knowledge of website design , website capability and usability. This assignment helps me to enhance my technical skills and website designing techniques.

1.1 Concept of website design of Shiny Kitchen Worktop Ltd. that have to be considered on time of design of website

The designing part of the website consist several designing step and helping techniques to design a website effectively. In this existing market a website solution is best solution to capture all types of customers and to make an existence in competitive market. As user point of view using a website of the company a user can make an query from anywhere at any time and the customer can make an order or request for any service at any time without going anywhere. In this competitive making brand image is a very tough task so the company have to integrate a reliable more user friendly and very attractive website with unique feature to engage the customer with your website. Now I have evaluated the concept of website design of Shiny Kitchen Worktop Ltd. Company. This company is originally located at Gant Hill in Australia which involve in business of variety of granite worktops. They serve genuine product and service to their loyal customer from more than 20 years. They sell different types of Granite worktops and quartz worktops to their retained customer. Now I am going to discuss about the design concept of website of Shiny Kitchen Worktop Ltd. Company which is as follows:

• Not focused just only on visual of website:  The user of the website gives their feedback and after making an interaction with website. If the website fails to attract the customer in first interaction then customer never come back again. I have to design the website for Shiny Kitchen Worktop by including much attractive content and using better content management system. I have also analyzed that to design website effectively I have to use dynamic navigation system. The website must have better load balancing capability to recover from heavy traffic. The web page of the website of Shiny Kitchen company have effective and efficient and have minimum loading time as possible.
• Develop the website as keep in mind  client/consumer:  For any business and e-business customer or consumer are primary target audience so to design a website for the Shiny Kitchen I have to develop this website by making it consumer centric. I have to design this website by including all the requirement of shiny kitchen and consumer as well as all the artifacts required by the company and consumer.
• Gathering information about website design:  As user point of view gathering of information and requirement to design a website is most important so I have to pay more attention on time of collecting information to develop the website to support the business of Shiny Kitchen Worktop Ltd.
• Sketch every webpage and forms roughly:  As to facilitate effectively to the user by the website of the company I have to create rough sketch for every webpage and forms by pen and paper until I don’t get the most suitable design for the website. This step save huge effort, much time and help use the available resource by maximizing the use of resource.
• Unique:  if the website doesn’t have unique feature then no business company capable to make image in this competitive age of marketing. So I have design the concept of website by applying uniqueness and by applying powerful content management system.
• Folder ideas:  Make folder to contain all the important aspects such as videos, photos and other useful resources.  These important aspects play vital role in designing of the website to the developer. If the designer forgets some point related to the website design then this folder help designer in making of effective website and due to this all important resources automatically mentioned.

Types of User

I have design the website to support the business of Shiny Kitchen Worktops Ltd. by keeping in mind the offline consumer and as well as online consumer because 60 to 75% of consumer always available as online and they love to make an order using the website to avoid going anywhere and facing lots of difficulties. I have also designed this website by keeping in mind the local customer and retailers because without trust and support of local customer the business company fails to achieve their objectives. There are some special type of user available in this competitive market such as regular user who make order and interact with website on regular basis, expert user who make and order after comparing specification of products on different websites and non voice user who have primary knowledge about the e-marketing.

• Regular user:  These are those users who visit any website on the regular basis. They have so many expectations with any website, they expected that the bugs, errors, link related problem, periodic updates and other contents of the website should be fixed and removed with latest. So this website must have a regular updates on certain time interval.
• Expert user:  These are those users who know very well about the website and they provide feedback and contact with company for important purposes so the company have to provide detail information on to the website and have to update the contents and blogs regularly
• Non Voice user:  These users have primary knowledge about the website design and development. Just because of as a new user they satisfied with basic user interface. But they don’t able to face any types of difficulties and complexities so the team of designer have to provide simple and sound interface user with full on security and privacy.
• Important needs:  This website is focused on meaning not on appearance so this facilitates the user as any types of user either they are new or don’t have good visibility can be able to use this website easily. A text to audio converter can also be added with this website to facilitate user who has week visibility.

Website analysis

The effective website analysis the website described below:

• Latest updated information:  Latest updated or real time information means that the information receives right now or added as of now. This process help user to receive information at instant and help to monitor the website updates every time.
• Commercial:  This newly designed website is a trading website (commercial website) and as trading website it has a regular flow of cash and generates revenue for the company.
• Website structure:  Structure of the website (Sitemap) provides visuality process about the navigation system and website functionality. Website structure provides important and prior deliverable about the website.
• Keyword:  During development of website the designer uses several keywords so during searching of the website by the user; they can easily capable to find the website of the company. The user can easily able to make search about all the products of company such as kitchen worktop, granite worktop and Dekton and many other products and services.
• Government:  This website is designed to support “Shinny Kitchen Worktops Ltd.” It involves in selling of granite, Dekton and other trading stones. So the designer designed this website as trading purpose and as trading company this involves in selling.

Keeping in mind Types of design Graphical design and Dynamic website design are the two available types of design.

• Graphical Design:  These types of website design only consists wireframe of the website and represent website logically. All the design and development of the website is considered as logical.
• Dynamic Website design:  This type of website design consist only the website’s coding part and developed and designed on the basis of real time. To make any update with this website there is only need to update the website’s records.

2.1 Design an interactive website to meet the requirements of Shiny Kitchen Worktops Ltd.

2.2 website design evaluation with for other user in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, reliability and compliance.

Here I have evaluated design of the website of the Shinny kitchen in terms of other user effectiveness, efficiency, reliability and compliances.

• Effectiveness of the website Shiny Kitchen worktop Ltd:  By ensuring for quality of products to the customers the Shiny Kitchen Worktop Ltd. Company perfectly and effectively manages their customer. The customer can make an order or they can purchase at anytime from anywhere.
• Efficiency of the website of Shinny kitchen Worktop Ltd. company:  The website which is designed and developed by me is much more reliable and easily useable by every type of customer. I have designed the interface of the website user friendly and very attractive as well as this website has strong navigational system.
• Shiny Kitchen Worktop Ltd. website’s Reliability:  The specification of the products which is updated by the product image is genuine so the customer of the Shiny Kitchen Worktop Ltd. is trusts on this website and the company capable to make loyal customers. The website consist only those images which are original and the specification of the products along with usability, name and the price list of the product. This reliability of the company’s website results in satisfaction of the customer.

Get assignment help from full time dedicated experts of Locus assignments.

4.1 Review and test the developed website by employ a range of testing methods across the whole website for functionality, navigation and so on

Here I have developed a website in order to support the company Shiny Kitchen worktop Ltd. and performed various types of test for variety of purpose. Different test for this website to check out about, the functionality, navigational system and so on which are as follows:

• Functionality Testing:  Functionality testing is done to test functionality of all webpage, interfaces, forms and other aspects are tested to minimize errors. This test is also performed to check the functionality of links means under this testing I have tested that the developed website responds properly or not.
• Testing over usability:  Under this testing I have tested that the navigational system of the website of Shiny kitchen worktop Ltd. is works accurately or it generates unambiguity. I have also check that the content which is select by me is understandable or not by all types of user. I have performed crosscheck test for content management system which is selected as per the requirement of the Shiny kitchen.
• Testing on interface of website:  In interface testing of the web solution I have tested the user interface is verified, means the interface which is designed for this website is easier and reliable or not. Under this test I have also test that the web solution is reliable or not for the Shiny Kitchen Worktop. Data flow between the more than two systems is also considered under this testing.
• Testing of Compatibility:  Under compatibility testing I have tested the website compatibility with variety of available browser like Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, UC browser, Safari and many more and also I have performed this test to get the compatibility result as per the operating systems compatibility and other devices like tablet and Smartphone’s.
• Testing of performance:  I have test performance of website When huge number of customer increases at any instant then what will happen with website and what will its response time. Using this test I have found the minimum and maximum limit and capability and load of number of transaction.
• Testing of security:  Security testing is performed to check the security aspects of the website of Shiny Kitchen Worktop. Less response time, maximum through put of the website. Under this testing I have performed several tests and management test such as session management, integrate required material, security check on authentication and many more.

4.2 Analysis on the actual test results against expected results to identify and report any discrepancies

4.3 evaluate independent feedback on the website and make recommendations in your report, for improvements.

I have made an independent feedback on the website and onto the basis of evaluation I suggest for some improvement as a recommendation. Some of the recommendation as a future improvement of the developed website is given as:

• A Chat room must be developed for the owner, stakeholders, Management operation team and for other staff member of the Shiny kitchen Worktops Ltd. to discuss about feedback of the company.
• A backup on by the regular basis must be there to support the company. I have enable mobile version of the website of the company to capture mobile and tablet customer and so as a future recommendation thus the company can have to make an improvement by providing new version of website time to time.
• In future the website must have a reseller option to facilitate the local seller.
• As a future recommendation the website solution must have same day delivery option.
• The website has capability to generate an electronic payment bill while ordering the product.

4.4 Create onscreen help to assist the users of Shiny Kitchen Worktops Ltd.

Here I have provided some techniques and common methodologies to assist the use of Shiny Kitchen Worktop Ltd. URL of the Shiny Kitchen Worktop Ltd- http://serbann95.wixsite.com/shinnykitchenworktop

• The user has to click on to the above mentioned link to access into the website of the shiny kitchen worktop Ltd.
• As when the user clicks on the URL of the website they reach at the homepage of the company.
• The Homepage of the website consist all the menus of the website at the top with their associated link such as Products, contacts, testimonials and more.
• http://serbann95.wixsite.com/shinnykitchenworktop/shop. this is the link of product page. The Product page consist three links of three submenus which is stands for three products of the company such as granite, Dekton and Quartz.
• http://serbann95.wixsite.com/shinnykitchenworktop/contact. this is the link of contact menu. Contact menu provides method by which a user can contact with owner of the company or they can send message or email to the authorized person. This webpage also contains a map view to facilitate the user to check the physical availability of the website.
• The link of the testimonial webpage has link http://serbann95.wixsite.com/shinnykitchenworktop/testimonials. By the help of testimonial one can send their feedback.
• The “More” link consist four sub links of four different submenus named as Shopping and delivery, returns policy, tracking and about. By clicking one of them the user can reach on to the separate page of the shiny kitchen worktop website solution.
• The Website user can buy any product online through filling a form of order and also they can pay online.
• The user can join this company through the social networking sites which links is given on to the bottom of the webpage.
• The user can pay for any product through the visa car, matter card, master card, American express and PayPal.
• The home page is divided into three sections such as top selling products, new arrivals and best deals.
• Onto the top of the homage a search option is available. The user can search for any products by entering the relevant name or keywords of the products.

4.5 Create documentation for the support and maintenance of the website

I have creates a document for support and maintenance of the website which is developed in favor of shiny kitchen worktop Ltd. The developed website consist full required functionalities and features as per the requirement of owners of the company. Now after development of website the company surely requires a supported document to maintain their website and facilitates their client by polishing their website time to time. The company has to maintain a team or hire a team to keep protective and make the Content management system attractive. The maintenance of website can be done by several ways and in multiple steps. The website support and maintenance step is as follows.

• Content should be clean and updated:  The newly designed  website consists  many pages and form, links and URL links for different pages, blogs and other information. The blogs and static content requires corrections and updates. The new pages will be out-dated after some time so the website requires updates and I have to check the working functionality of form, WebPages and links and URL’s. The image, blog and other contents must be clean and updated every time. The Webpage of policy, terms and conditions, services and contract must be clear and updated on the basis of real time. The documentation of software including product and services, bugs also required to be updated.
• Update, Fix issues and errors and repair:  The website solution of shiny kitchen worktop Ltd. must have to update on certain time interval by updating new feature, fixing issue of older version, provide different look n feel with unique content management system and by repairing the URL’s of the WebPages. The links and connectivity error must be checked.
• Compatibility Testing:  After designing and implementing of the website during maintenance of the website the shiny kitchen worktop Ltd. has to check compatibility testing with all type of browser to check the optimal compatibility such as opera, chrome, safari, Firefox and many more platforms. The company team members of the maintenance may use selenium web application testing system. The selenium suite includes IDE selenium, selenium remote control and Selenium Grid.
• Accessibility improvement:  The team member has to check accessibility improvement and has to ensure that the website can be accessible to the every user who comes to visit the website of shiny kitchen worktop Ltd. company.

The designing of the website is done to facilitate the user in more effectively and efficiently. All the task of this Website Design Development Assignment is done to help the user and every phase completed as per the requirement of user.

Health Knowledge. (2016). Study design for assessing effectiveness, efficiency and acceptability of services including measures of structure, process, service quality, and outcome of health social care . [online] Available at: http://www.healthknowledge.org.uk/public-health-textbook/research-methods/1c-health-social-care-evaluation-health-care-assessment/study-design-assessing-effectiveness [Accessed 11 Nov. 2016]. Webaccess.berkeley.edu. (2016). Top 10 Tips for Making Your Website Accessible | Web Access. [online] Available at: https://webaccess.berkeley.edu/resources/tips/web-accessibility [Accessed 11 Nov. 2016]. Betterevaluation.org. (2016). Develop recommendations | Better Evaluation. [online] Available at: http://betterevaluation.org/en/plan/reportandsupportuse/develop_recommendations [Accessed 11 Nov. 2016].

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Website Design Assignment

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Vision of Web Design 2022

Web design is a process that involves steps such as planning, thinking, and content planning. All of this is done for the organization online. With use it is not only limited to website design site help, but Web Designing also holds its use in web applications, mobile applications, and user interface!

They are often referred to as user experience instead of software development. While creating a website, the designer works with the same design, appearance, and content. Some of the latest 2020 Web Design trends are:

Larger Typing: In order to communicate clearly and effectively, larger and larger characters are used to attract attention. Websites often use large images and objects as well. This helps to send the message more effectively. Split Screen Content: This 2020 trend not only breaks old rectangular mold into two parts but also helps to transfer more to a smaller space! That’s an idea, isn’t it? While we are fighting for the right place and content, this is the best solution! Placing content in the form of a split screen also helps to include visual sequence and more. Solid Color Blocks: Some websites decide to break their page into a segment. This is where viewers can only see a series of squares and rectangles separated only by color. Such a view may result in a significant amount of content combined. Scattered Layers: Providing 2D screens in depth, placing sections between web pages is one of the most attractive options. This promotes a sense of belonging to more than just four sides of a website. Scattered layers work both with emerging content and objects placed on top of each other. Movement and Cooperation: The human brain is attracted to anything that moves. Utilizing this event is one of the latest ways to design a web for 2020 video and animation. The object that moves and interacts with the viewer in person is what attracts the customer. Our eyes focus on the moving object, which saves a lot of time on our website.

It is said that there are two common ways to design websites, namely:

Responsive design Here, the movement of content depends largely on the size of the screen. It may also indicate drop-off control over the point of what the job will look like.

Flexible design Here, the content of the fixed website is also similar to the standard screen size. Maintaining a consistent structure between devices is essential for maintaining temporary user interaction.

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What Are the Different Types of Web Items?

Website design is not everyone’s cup of tea. While students get university classes, evening shifts and so on; students should take the Web Design Assignment Assignment.

Now let’s understand what basic elements a person should add to his or her website:

• Visual Element:
• Written copy
• Circumstances
• Images and thumbnails

2. Functional Elements

6 . User interaction

7. Site structure

8. Compatible browser compatibility with different devices

Although these elements are important, using them all in the right place is very important. This is what professional web designers are!

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Going Digital | Creating Web Assignments

• Designing the Assignment
• Digital Intensive SLOs

The Basics #

What is a web assignment.

A web assignment is any class project that is shared publicly on the internet, rather than being limited to a closed system or specific audience. Web assignments can be simple projects like asking your students to journal publicly on a class blog, or more complex efforts like designing a website that is intended to be used by the public.

Why might you want to create a web assignment?

• Can increase engagement and community-building
• An option for creating AI-resistant assignments
• Provides students with a different audience to consider
• Increases the visibility and impact of student work
• Encourages collaboration and feedback from a wider audience
• Gives students experience with digital tools
• Steps towards designating a class Digital Intensive

What kind of assignment can this replace or supplement?

• Research projects
• Discussion boards
• Poster presentations
• Group projects

Designing the Assignment #

Whether you are designing the assignment from the ground up or converting an existing assignment, the steps below can help you think through framing, building, and grading the project.

Decide on the goals

Student outcomes.

The goals of a web assignment can vary greatly, depending on what you hope your students will get out of the project. A few common outcome objectives for this type of assignment are:

• Demonstrate understanding of course content
• Synthesize concepts to create new information
• Practice communicating information clearly
• Practice research and citation
• Demonstrate technical proficiency with web building tools

All are valid goals, and being clear about how much priority you assign to each one will help in designing the assignment (and ultimately your grading criteria).

If you are creating this assignment to be a large final project or other large assignment, you may want to break it down into smaller parts with due dates for each (much like a research paper). Some possible steps are:

• Define the purpose and scope of the project, such as the research topic, intended audience, and goals.
• Conduct research and gather relevant information, such as data, sources, and multimedia elements.
• Investigate and evaluate potential platforms and other digital tools that can be used for the project.
• Outline the structure and organization of the site, including the main sections, pages, and subtopics.
• Create a wireframe or storyboard to visualize the design and layout of the site.
• Develop the site’s content, writing clear, concise, and engaging text, and integrating multimedia elements, such as images, videos, and infographics.

Assignment/Project Format

The goals and scale you determine will inform what format the project will take. You may want to have students engage in some short informal writing to demonstrate their process, or perhaps you want them to create a well researched and polished website to demonstrate deep knowledge of a subject. There are different considerations for each, listed below are some potential ideas:

• A space where a student will keep a public record of their process working through a project or their learning. This can be a more informal assignment where students are wrestling with ideas.
• A showcase site intended to demonstrate a student’s personal achievements and learning.
• A space where students will curate, summarize, and reflect on articles of relevance to the class creating a repository of literature around a particular topic.
• A site that gathers and synthesizes information around a particular topic to present the subject to a scholarly external audience. These kinds of sites are highly inflected by the particular discipline they are building their site for. A historical research site will look different than a site that is presenting data from scientific research.
• A site that is intended to appeal to and reach a wide audience. Examples of this can be to communicate scientific findings, increase awareness around a social issues, or to provide a showcase of a physical art installation.
• A site where students collaborate with local organizations or community groups to create a site that addresses social, cultural, or environmental issues.
• It is not uncommon for large podcasts or vlogs (video blogs) to have companion sites that go alongside them to provide further context, information, or options for accessibility (such as a transcript for a podcast).
• A site where students will curate and publish work around a particular topic.
• Students can collaborate with instructors or peers to create OER that provide free, open access to high-quality learning materials.

Recommend Resources

The University of Mary Washington offers two free website building platforms – Sites@UMW and Domain of One’s Own . Each platform is available to all students, faculty and staff, and can support different needs and types of projects. We’d highly recommend that you consider using these platforms because we have years of experience and are able to robustly support the faculty, students, and the projects created with them. We have an in-depth guide on the difference between the two platforms that may help aide in your understanding of what each one has to offer. Digital Learning Support is glad to have a conversation with faculty about what platform(s) may be a best fit for their goals.

Below is a quick overview of each platform:

A streamlined platform designed to get users building on the web quickly and easily. Build WordPress sites using a few built-in customization options.

Domain of One’s Own (DoOO)

A powerful platform suitable for complex projects. Build fully-customizable sites using WordPress and many other applications, and take them with you after you leave UMW.

Offer Support

Make sure your students are aware that they have many options for support for digital assignments (they don’t have to always come to you!).

DKC Class Visits

Consider having the Digital Knowledge Center visit your class to introduce tools and best practices for your assignment. This can go a long way in helping your students get off on the right foot. Visits can be tailored to the needs of your class.

DKC Appointments

If students run into issues, they can book appointments with a Digital Knowledge Center consultant to help get them unstuck.

DKC Online Guides

The Digital Knowledge Center maintains online guides on many tools for digital projects, including “Getting Started” best practices for audio, video, graphic design, and website-building projects.

Consider Accessibility

It is important to consider accessibility in any digital project. Especially when creating publicly facing websites that aim to serve all manner of people who may interact with the site, the importance of accessibility should be highly emphasized. We recommend checking out our Accessible Web Design guide for some considerations. Additionally, since websites can contain a lot of different media here we’d also recommend reviewing our Accessibility guides in general.

Privacy, Permissions, Sustainability

When students work on the open web you’ll want to have conversations with them about privacy and gain permissions when it is applicable.

It is important to discuss how and where a student’s name may be displayed on the web. Use of a pseudonym may be desired for students who do not want their name publicly associated with what they are writing. Applications like WordPress give a user the ability to change their display name.

Sample Syllabus Language This course includes at least one online, public digital project. The work you create as part of this project may be shared across a variety of public platforms and remain online indefinitely. If you would like to remain anonymous, I encourage you to use a pseudonym and think carefully before publishing information that could identify you. If you have concerns about publishing work in an online, public digital project, please contact me as soon as possible. 

Permissions

When creating digital projects on the open web that does not allow students to edit or delete their contributions in the future it is important to gain permission from students to use their work going forward.

Sustainability

There could be work that your students are creating that you intend to outlive the class. Since web technology is continually updating web projects that are intended to live beyond the life of the class need special consideration and planning to determine how and when projects will be maintained, updated, and sunsetted. We encourage you to work with Digital Learning Support to determine a plan if your goal is to maintain a project long-term.

Determine Grading Criteria

Many of the grading criteria you might use for a “traditional” project still hold true for a digital assignment. If you already have criteria you are comfortable with, great! Since the variety of web assignments can vary so greatly, grading criteria should be considered on a case by case basis. For simple assignments you may grade on completion, but for more complex assignment you may want a rubric. Below are some guiding questions that may help you build a rubric for an assignment:

Guiding Questions

• Does the student address the prompt and fulfill the assignment effectively?
• Does the student think creatively?
• Does the student clearly state their argument, or thesis?
• Is the work organized and clear to navigate?
• Do the visual elements facilitate communication of the thesis?
• Has the student cited sources? Are sources high-quality and support the thesis?
• If graphic, image, sound, or video elements are used did they use royalty free or open-license? Does the student credit the creator?
• Has the student included alt text, descriptive links, headings, or otherwise endeavored to make the project accessible?

Determine Submission Method

There is no “wrong” way to receive assignment submissions, so choose the one that works best for your learning objectives. Creating an Assignment or Discussion Board thread in Canvas where students can submit links is one option. For assignments where students are expected to blog you could have students write directly on a central course site you’ve created or you can use the syndication functionality of blogging platforms to aggregate students posts to one place so you and other students can find the most recent posts.

Digital Intensive SLOs #

Each Digital Intensive proposal is considered by the DI committee on a case-by-case basis, so there is no “guaranteed” method to acquire the designation. But below are few examples that may help a web project address the DI Student Learning Objectives.

These are just a few options – there are countless ways to accomplish the DI objectives. And remember that a single assignment does not need to address every SLO! A web assignment could address some, while other assignments could address others.

Students will successfully locate and critically evaluate information using the Internet, library databases, and/or other digital tools.

• Require students to share sources for the claims on their website
• Use the SIFT Method or other criteria to evaluate an online source’s credibility

Students will use digital tools to safely, ethically, and effectively produce and exchange information and ideas. 

• Converting a written assignment to a web assignment goes a long way to addressing this SLO

Students will creatively adapt to emerging and evolving technology. 

• Have students individually or collaboratively design and build a site
• Ask students to evaluate several and select the kinds of digital tools and media that will best fit what the site is trying to communicate.

Resources #

Guides for Sites@UMW and Domain of One’s Own

Project Resources

Free umw resources.

A list of tools and services available to UMW students that can help with digital projects.

Free Media Resources

A repository of online sources for copyright and royalty-free stock photos, video, and audio that students can incorporate into their projects.

Dr. Andréa Smith’s Historic Preservation Planning Laboratory

A site the focuses on showcasing infographics made by

Dr. Jason Davidson’s Security and Conflict

A site that curates articles in the news around security and conflict. Contains over 10 years worth of student summaries.

Dr. Jeff McClurken’s Adventures in Digital History

Student spend a semester working on a digital project that entails building a public facing website. The 2022 iteration of the class featured projects such as:

• A website companion for the Dr. Venus Jones Mural
• A historical research site that documents the history of the renaming Trinkle Hall to James Farmer
• A site that makes the history of UMW more accessible
• A site that highlighted the personal and military experience of WWII Veteran through a family scrapbook.

Dr. Kashef Majid’s Foodwaste Class

A site that curates articles in the news around food waste and categorizes them into specific topics

Dr. Mara Scanlon’s Literature of the Great War

A blog dedicated to students sharing their learning and interpretations of the course material. This includes projects where students have recorded themselves reading poet

Dr. Melina Patterson’s Geographies of Children

Students spend the semester conducting research and cooperatively building a site that will showcase their research around human geography.

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