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THE REPORTED SPEECH.

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Presentation on theme: "THE REPORTED SPEECH."— Presentation transcript:

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REPORTED SPEECH

Sep 09, 2014

1.17k likes | 2.76k Views

REPORTED SPEECH. CONTENTS. I. DEFINITION II. BASIC RULES 1. Tense changes a. Basic tense changes b. Other tense changes 2. Time and place changes 3. Pronoun changes 4. Reporting Verbs 5. Use of 'That' in reported speech 6. Indirect Questions III. PRACTICE. I. DEFINITION.

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CONTENTS • I. DEFINITION • II. BASIC RULES 1. Tense changes a. Basic tense changes b. Other tense changes 2. Time and place changes 3. Pronoun changes 4. Reporting Verbs 5. Use of 'That' in reported speech 6. Indirect Questions • III. PRACTICE

I. DEFINITION • Reported speech (also known as indirect speech) refers to a sentence reporting what someone has said. It is almost always used in spoken English. • Reported speech doesn't use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesn't have to be word for word. • When we use reported speech, we are usually talking about the past (because obviously the person who spoke originally spoke in the past). The verbs therefore usually have to be in the past too. "I'm going to the cinema". He said he was going to the cinema.

II. BASIC RULES When changing from quoted speech to reported speech, several changes occur.  In all sentences, the quotation marks and the comma immediately before the first quotation mark are removed.  Next, the word "that" is usually inserted after the reporting verb (say, ask, told, etc.)  Then, the subject pronoun is changed so that the meaning of the quote is not changed.  Lastly, the tense of the verb is changed, or shifted.  She said, "I'm teaching English online." She said she was teaching English online.

1. Tense changes a.Basic tense changes As a rule when you report something someone has said you go back a tense (the tense on the left changes to the tense on the right):

b. modals Modal verb forms also sometimes change: Note - There is no change to; could, would, should, might and ought to.

Things are slightly more complicated with imperatives.

You can use the present tense in reported speech if you want to say that something is still true i.e. my name has always been and will always be Lynne You can also use the present tense if you are talking about a future event.

2. Time and place changes Time and place references often have to change: • If the reported sentence contains an expression of time, you must change it to fit in with the time of reporting.

Examples: • I went to the theatre last night.He said he had gone to the theatre the night before. • I'm staying here until next week. He said he was staying there until the following week. • In addition if you report something that someone said in a different place to where you heard it, you must change the place (here) to the place (there). Example:

3. Pronoun changes • In reported speech, the pronoun often changes. For example: You also need to be careful with personal pronouns.They need to be changed according to the situation. You need to know the context. For example, there is possible confusion when you try to change reported speech to direct speech: She said she'd been waiting for hours. (Is she one person or two different people?) I told them they would have to ask permission. (Are we talking about two groups of people or only one?)

4. Reporting Verbs • Said, toldand asked are the most common verbs used in indirect speech. • We use “asked”to report questions: I asked Lynne what time the lesson started. • We use “told” with an object. Lynne told me she felt tired. • We usually use “said” without an object. Lynne said she was going to teach online. If “said” is used with an object we must include “to” Lynne said to methat she'd never been to China.

There are many other verbs we can use apart from said, told and asked. These include: Using them properly can make what you say much more interesting and informative. For example: He asked me to come to the party:

5. Use of 'That' in reported speech • In reported speech, the word “that” is often used. He told me that he lived in Greenwich. • However, “that” is optional. He told me he lived in Greenwich. • Note – “That” is never used in questions, instead we often use “if”. He asked me if I would come to the party.

6. Indirect Questions • Use verbs of speech for questions (asked, wondered, enquired, wanted to know, tried to find out, etc.) • Use question words (where, when, who, why, how, etc) instead of “that” • Change verb tenses, pronouns, and time expressions (just like reported statements) • Use question word + subject + verb word order (unlike a direct question)question word + subject + verb • He asked when they would arrive. • My friend asked if I was coming

THE END KOOL!!! THANKS FOR your Attention!!

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Reported speech - questions and imperatives

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QUESTIONS AND IMPERATIVES

Reported Speech

I BUMPED INTO AN OLD FRIEND LAST SUMMER. WE USED TO BE CLASSMATES IN HIGH SCHOOL. LET ME TELL YOU WHAT I ASKED HER

lAST SUMMER....

'DO YOU HAVE MANY CUSTOMERS?''IT'S A VERY POPULAR PLACE' - she replied

'WHAT DO YOU DO?' 'I OWN A SHOP WITH ECO FOOD' - she said proudly

'WHAT ARE YOU DOING HERE?''I'M VISITING MY PARENTS' - she said

'DO YOU LIVE IN GDAŃSK?''NOT REALLY. I LIVE IN WROCŁAW NOW - she replied

I HAD SO MANY QUESTIONS TO HER.I ASKED HER:

what did i ask? What did she reply? (click on the stars to find out)

'DO YOU LIVE IN GDAŃSK?' 'NOT REALLY. I LIVE IN WROCŁAW NOW '- she replied

what are the rules of reporting questions?

Do you like me? -> I asked him if he liked me Przytaczając pytania ogólne używamy 'if' albo 'whether' (czy). Przytaczane pytanie ma szyk zdania twierdzącego. Pamiętaj też o 'cofnięciu' czasu!W pytaniach szczegółowych zachowujemy zaimek pytający:When did you break up with her? ->-> I asked him when he had broken up with her.

'WHAT DO YOU DO FOR A LIVING?' 'I OWN A SHOP WITH ECO FOOD' - she said proudly

what did i ask my friend?report and click on the icon to check :-)

Call me! - she askeddon't eat gluten ;-) - she warned me.

if you need help with reported speech

Do you think everything the mansaid was appropriate?Report it and check on the next page

I went out on a date once...it was the first date.This is what i heard from my date:

- What's your job?- What food do you like?- Are you allergic to cats?- Do you have a boyfriend?- How old are you?- Kiss me.- Could you pay for me?- Don't talk so much.- Who are you texting? Stop that!

- What's your job? - He asked me what my job was. - What food do you like? - He wanted to know what food I liked - Are you allergic to cats? - He asked me if I was allergic to cats. - Do you have a boyfriend? - He asked me if I had a boyfriend - How old are you? - He wanted to know how old I was - Kiss me. - He told me to kiss him! - Could you pay for me? - He asked if I could pay for him. - Don't talk so much. - He told me not to talk so much. (Seriously??) - Who are you texting? Stop that! - He wanted to know who(m) I was texting. He ordered me to stop.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit

https://pixabay.com/pl/

Choose a picture from the website below.With a partner write a dilogue to it, including:- 6 questions- 6 sentences- 2 imperativesPost both the picture and the dialogue on Teams

An exercise

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Direct Indirect Reported Speech - PPT rule + exercises - Bundle

Last updated

11 August 2021

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ESL Direct Indirect Reported Questions & Orders - PPT rule + exercises

ESL Direct Indirect Reported Speech (statements) - PPT rule + exercises

Need to explain Reported Statements, Questions and Reported Orders to your ESL students? Do it with ease and fun using this Bundle! No prep resource. Just point, click and teach!

After reading the examples, students work out the rule and then practice it doing the exercises. The presentations are full of humor and help the students learn with fun.

This bundle contains:

✓ PPT Reported statements (how to form Reported speech in all tenses + exercises) ✓ PPT Reported questions and orders (general and special questions)

What is inside?

✓ Slides for explaining the rule ✓ Slides with exercises

★ The answer keys are included. All rules and explanations are in English. ★

These PPTs are fully editable.

Who are these presentation for?

The presentations are designed for ESL|ELL|EFL teachers, who work with pre-intermediate or intermediate students (secondary or high school). This PPT also works well with adults.

How do such presentations work?

• Students look at the examples, read them, comment upon the form | the structure and work out the rule themselves. • The teacher clicks and the rule appears. Students compare their guesses with actual rule. • Then comes the time for practice. In exercises students have to fill in the missing words using the prompts \ make up dialogs using the pictures.

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Future Simple Conditionals (types 0&1) Conditionals (types 2&3) Adjectives: degrees of comparison Modal Verbs Passive Voice

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Trump praises fictional serial killer Hannibal Lecter during rally speech

Ex-president calls Hopkins’s cannibalistic Lecter ‘late, great’ while condemning ‘people who are being released into our country’

Donald Trump on Saturday praised the fictional serial killer Hannibal Lecter “as a wonderful man” before segueing into comments disparaging people who have immigrated into the US without permission.

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Trump delivered his address to a crowd of about 80,000 supporters – according to one estimate from a Wildwood city spokesperson – under the shadow of the Great White roller coaster in the 1950s-kitsch seaside resort 90 miles (145km) south of Philadelphia. The crowd began thinning considerably as Trump spoke, a reporter for the Philadelphia Inquirer wrote on X in a post that contained video of people leaving the site of the rally.

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According to the outlet, hundreds of people set up camp overnight on the boardwalk to get into the event.

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