economics ib essay example

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Model 15-Markers

Unlock your potential with these IB economics model answers, designed to provide a deeper understanding of key topics and real-world examples.

By studying these model answers, you’ll gain a solid foundation in economic concepts, learn how to structure your essays effectively, and develop critical analysis skills. As you explore the real-world examples provided, you’ll also gain an appreciation for the complexities and nuances of economic policies and their impacts on various societies.

Our goal is to empower you with the knowledge and confidence needed to succeed in your IB economics journey, ensuring that you’re well-equipped to tackle any question or challenge that comes your way.

Click on the questions below to see a model essay!

Microeconomics

Using real-world examples, discuss the consequences of a price ceiling on stakeholders

Using real-world examples, evaluate different approaches to managing common access resources

Using real-world examples, evaluate the policies a government might adopt to respond to a market situation in which significant asymmetric information exists

Using real-world examples, evaluate the effects for stakeholders of a government imposing an indirect tax on a particular good

Using real-world examples, evaluate the view that government regulation is the most effective way to deal with negative externalities of consumption

Using real-world examples, evaluate the view that governments should always try to prevent the creation of barriers to entry in a market.

Using real-world examples, evaluate the impact of large firms having significant market power.

Macroeconomics

Using real-world examples evaluate the claim that according to the Keynesian and monetarist models a decrease in AD will always be deflationary.

Using real-world examples evaluate the view that economic growth will always lead to an improvement in living standards

Using real-world examples, evaluate the effectiveness of monetary policy to achieve low unemployment

Global Economy

Using real-world examples, discuss the possible implications of a persistent current account deficit

Using real-world examples, discuss the consequences of a fall in a country’s exchange rate

How to Write a Good Economics Essay

Governor November 28, 2019 Real World Applications 3 Comments

Many students ask “How to write an economics essay?” This Guide to Writing a Good Economics Essay is applicable to both IB economics as well as the Singapore JC A-Level H2 economics examinations. Many of the pointers here are also applicable to large-mark case study questions.

6 Steps to Writing a Good Economics Essay

Step 1: dissect the question.

Make sure you analyse and fully understand the KEYWORDS and REQUIREMENTS of the question. This is a very important skill that is taught in our economics tuition classes .

For example, “Best”, “Most Effective” are closely related but mean different things.

Paraphrase the question to make it simpler if necessary.

Take note of the command word (eg: Explain, Discuss) as it determines the approach needed for the essay, for example, whether two sides are needed or one side is sufficient. Below are some common examples found in economics essay questions:

Command Words Action Required

Account for Explain why

Analyse Break it down into step-by-step explanations

Assess For & Against. Consider other factors.

Compare Identify Similarities & Differences

Distinguish Point out differences

Discuss Explore both sides

Evaluate The Good and The Bad.

Explain Show why and how

Explain whether Cover both possibilities

Examine Look closely. How so and how not so?

To What Extent Yes…..But….Judgment

Remember to look out for the context in the question. This is usually given in the form of a country (eg: Singapore). The examples in your essay must be tailored to this particular context (for example, do not suggest interest rate policy for Singapore as that is considered infeasible in the Singapore context). If no context is given, any real-world example can be used.

Keep in mind the question throughout the essay and remember to always answer the question. Don’t go off-point!

Common Examiner’s Comment : Not Answering Question (NAQ))

Step 2: Plan Your Answer

Take some time to consider what economic framework you will use to approach the question. Scribble down your main thesis and anti-thesis points. Ensure they ANSWER THE QUESTION.

Step 3: Essay Introduction

In the introduction, include definitions of keywords in the question and spell out the economic framework you will employ for your answer as well as key definitions.

Step 4: Body of Essay

In the body , there will be several paragraphs.

The number of points/paragraphs depends on the question. It is common to require 2 main points for each 10 mark essay and similarly for 15 mark essay questions. Under each main point, there may be 1-2 sub-points.

Use one paragraph for each sub-point you are making.

However, do not be too focussed on the number of points or paragraphs. The key is to answer the question.

For each body paragraph , use TET’s PEEL(ED) structure. Include only one main idea per paragraph.

Point – Write your point in the first sentence so that markers will know what the paragraph will be about. The topic sentence must directly answer the question!
Explanation – Explain what you mean
Elaboration – Provide further analysis with clear step-by-step economic reasoning. This part may be done with examples as well as diagrams.
Link – Link your explanations back to the Point and to answer the question.
Exemplification – Give an example to support your reasoning. It can be statistics or real-world examples (for Case Studies, evidences from the Case must be uncovered!)
Diagram – Where possible, araw an appropriate diagram with correct labelling and refer to it in your answer. This is crucial to show economic reasoning. Diagrams are very important for economics essays!

These are of course much easier said than done! Thus, students in our economics tuition classes are regularly honed to achieve such output including with tips and tricks to spark off the correct thinking process.

Our resources including the Study Guides for A Level and IB economics also provide a very powerful and handy reference on the depth of analysis required to score the highest marks.

Common Examiner’s Comment : Mere statements and claims. No economic rigour.

Step 5: In-Body Evaluation

This applies especially to the 15 mark essays for A-Level Economics. A total of 5 marks is catered for Evaluation. Students should attempt to achieve about 2-3 in-body evaluation marks by pointing out how the thesis and anti-thesis points may not be true due to certain assumptions made that may not hold. Students may write “However,….may not necessarily happen……It would depend on whether….”. This statement can be written after the associated sub-point has been made.

Step 6: CONCLUDING SECTION

This only applies to the 15 mark essay questions.

Earn more evaluation marks by making a reasoned judgement. Deliver your verdict like a Judge!

Check back on the question before you embark on this. Ensure your judgement answers the question.

So the question now is, how does a judge arrive at and deliver a verdict? Certainly, you should not be summarising or merely paraphrasing your main points in the conclusion. Obviously, you cannot expect more marks by saying the same thing over and over again!

After a verdict and reasons have been provided, consider providing further relevant insights and/or recommendations.

Common Examiner’s Comment : Repetitive. Mere Summary.

Here are some quite common types of Concluding Sections

Consider the relative importance of thesis and anti-thesis factors. Which factors are most important or pertinent in the given context? For example, certain policies better fit specifc types of economies.
Consider short-term vs long-term pros and cons. Do the short-term benefits outweigh the long-term costs? Is the policy more effective in the long-term, and if so, how pressing is the problem that needs to be addressed?
Suggest a multi-policy approach, in which each policy has strengths and weaknesses that allow them to complement each other.

There is no way to really memorise evaluation points as every question and context is different. After all, you are being tested on higher-order thinking!

There are other evaluation tips that our students will receive but the key point here is that the training of the mind to think and apply economics is essential. That is where our weekly economics lessons come into play and that is why our students are often asked questions in class and trained to think on their feet. As ex-student Xue Min from YIJC testified, Chief Tutor Mr. Kelvin Hong does not just spoon-feeds our students but mentors them in their thinking to arrive at the answers. This was different from other tutors that her classmates experienced and eventually this was the key to Xue Min’s A grade.

In your essay, write in simple and clear sentences. Everything you write should be value-adding. You do not have to spend time showing off vocabulary as no extra points are awarded for language. Focus on economic reasoning. Use succinct and effective examples which support the point you are trying to make as well as accurate diagrammatic analyses.

For samples of great economics essays, please check out our free Economics Model Essays and sample Past JC A-Level Economics Questions and Answers .

For our econs publications that are sold worldwide, please check out our A Level & IB Economics Study Guides and Model Essays Publications

About The Economics Tutor

Founded by Kelvin Hong in 1998, The Economics Tutor is one of the leading economics tuition in Singapore. We provide a comprehensive program to guide students in understanding complex economic concepts and applying them through case study analyses, essay writing and discussion of real world events.

For 24 years, the way we teach JC Economics Tuition (A Level Economics Tuition) and IB Economics Tuition classes helped learners appreciate economics and everything it entails on a much larger scale. We take things step-by-step, implement effective techniques in memorising frameworks and give every student the chance to nurture their ideas.

We don’t just solely focus on helping you get stellar grades and perfect scores. We make sure that we also hone the critical thinking skills and investment / business decisions you can use outside the four walls of your classroom.

Looking for a fun, engaging and probably the best economics tutor in Singapore? Look no further—check out our extensive and high quality economics resources on the website such as our IB and A Level Economics Publication. Click here to order .

Book your lesson today and master the nuances of economics in our next class!

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Go ahead. We are all for helping students learn economics well.

Thank you, A lot of info!

IB Economics (and, not only)

economics is a dirty job but someone's got to do it

Wednesday, August 15, 2018

Ib economics: advice on essay writing (paper 1) continued....

Using demand and supply analysis, explain how resources are allocated through changes in prices in a market economy; Using diagram(s), explain the signaling and incentive functions of price; Explain the role that prices play in the allocation of resources in free market economies; Explain how changes in price work to reallocate resources in a market; Explain how scarce factors of production are allocated by the free market.

In 1993 a study by NASA, America’s space agency, stated: “While no single food can supply all the essential life-sustaining nutrients, quinoa comes as close as any other in the plant or animal kingdom.” But it took adulation from the likes of Oprah Winfrey (who in 2008 included it in her 21-day “cleanse” diet) to give the grain global appeal. Now, wherever yuppies can be found, it can be too, usually lurking near Puy lentils or goji berries in a salad. (see Quinoa: Against the grain )

Explain the difference between short run equilibrium and long run equilibrium in monopolistic competition; Explain why firms in monopolistic competition can make economic (abnormal) profits only in the short run; Explain why a firm in monopolistic competition will make only normal profit in the long run.

The IB Enigma

A collection of student notes and tips for the International Baccalaureate

Here is an essay bank that I used to prepare for Economics:

Microeconomics: Link

Macroeconomics: Link

Special thanks to my friend Yolanda for sharing this~

Below are tables of Real Life Situations that can be used in paper 1 essays. I would encourage to further extend these RLS by researching them adding it into your own Economics notes

Microeconomics Real-life examples

Macroeconomics Real-life examples

Theory of the firm Real-life examples

IBDP Economics

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Real-world examples to support SL and HL paper 1
Exam questions

This section will provide direct access to real-world examples that students can use to support their answers to the questions in paper one of the examination. Each real-world example is set out as a case study and has paper 1 style essay questions based on the case study.There are markscheme answers for the questions that use the case study material.

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Sat / act prep online guides and tips, the complete ib extended essay guide: examples, topics, and ideas.

International Baccalaureate (IB)

IB students around the globe fear writing the Extended Essay, but it doesn't have to be a source of stress! In this article, I'll get you excited about writing your Extended Essay and provide you with the resources you need to get an A on it.

If you're reading this article, I'm going to assume you're an IB student getting ready to write your Extended Essay. If you're looking at this as a potential future IB student, I recommend reading our introductory IB articles first, including our guide to what the IB program is and our full coverage of the IB curriculum .

IB Extended Essay: Why Should You Trust My Advice?

I myself am a recipient of an IB Diploma, and I happened to receive an A on my IB Extended Essay. Don't believe me? The proof is in the IBO pudding:

If you're confused by what this report means, EE is short for Extended Essay , and English A1 is the subject that my Extended Essay topic coordinated with. In layman's terms, my IB Diploma was graded in May 2010, I wrote my Extended Essay in the English A1 category, and I received an A grade on it.

What Is the Extended Essay in the IB Diploma Programme?

The IB Extended Essay, or EE , is a mini-thesis you write under the supervision of an IB advisor (an IB teacher at your school), which counts toward your IB Diploma (learn more about the major IB Diploma requirements in our guide) . I will explain exactly how the EE affects your Diploma later in this article.

For the Extended Essay, you will choose a research question as a topic, conduct the research independently, then write an essay on your findings . The essay itself is a long one—although there's a cap of 4,000 words, most successful essays get very close to this limit.

Keep in mind that the IB requires this essay to be a "formal piece of academic writing," meaning you'll have to do outside research and cite additional sources.

The IB Extended Essay must include the following:

A title page
Contents page
Introduction
Body of the essay
References and bibliography

Additionally, your research topic must fall into one of the six approved DP categories , or IB subject groups, which are as follows:

Group 1: Studies in Language and Literature
Group 2: Language Acquisition
Group 3: Individuals and Societies
Group 4: Sciences
Group 5: Mathematics
Group 6: The Arts

Once you figure out your category and have identified a potential research topic, it's time to pick your advisor, who is normally an IB teacher at your school (though you can also find one online ). This person will help direct your research, and they'll conduct the reflection sessions you'll have to do as part of your Extended Essay.

As of 2018, the IB requires a "reflection process" as part of your EE supervision process. To fulfill this requirement, you have to meet at least three times with your supervisor in what the IB calls "reflection sessions." These meetings are not only mandatory but are also part of the formal assessment of the EE and your research methods.

According to the IB, the purpose of these meetings is to "provide an opportunity for students to reflect on their engagement with the research process." Basically, these meetings give your supervisor the opportunity to offer feedback, push you to think differently, and encourage you to evaluate your research process.

The final reflection session is called the viva voce, and it's a short 10- to 15-minute interview between you and your advisor. This happens at the very end of the EE process, and it's designed to help your advisor write their report, which factors into your EE grade.

Here are the topics covered in your viva voce :

A check on plagiarism and malpractice
Your reflection on your project's successes and difficulties
Your reflection on what you've learned during the EE process

Your completed Extended Essay, along with your supervisor's report, will then be sent to the IB to be graded. We'll cover the assessment criteria in just a moment.

We'll help you learn how to have those "lightbulb" moments...even on test day!

What Should You Write About in Your IB Extended Essay?

You can technically write about anything, so long as it falls within one of the approved categories listed above.

It's best to choose a topic that matches one of the IB courses , (such as Theatre, Film, Spanish, French, Math, Biology, etc.), which shouldn't be difficult because there are so many class subjects.

Here is a range of sample topics with the attached extended essay:

Biology: The Effect of Age and Gender on the Photoreceptor Cells in the Human Retina
Chemistry: How Does Reflux Time Affect the Yield and Purity of Ethyl Aminobenzoate (Benzocaine), and How Effective is Recrystallisation as a Purification Technique for This Compound?
English: An Exploration of Jane Austen's Use of the Outdoors in Emma
Geography: The Effect of Location on the Educational Attainment of Indigenous Secondary Students in Queensland, Australia
Math: Alhazen's Billiard Problem
Visual Arts: Can Luc Tuymans Be Classified as a Political Painter?

You can see from how varied the topics are that you have a lot of freedom when it comes to picking a topic . So how do you pick when the options are limitless?

How to Write a Stellar IB Extended Essay: 6 Essential Tips

Below are six key tips to keep in mind as you work on your Extended Essay for the IB DP. Follow these and you're sure to get an A!

#1: Write About Something You Enjoy

You can't expect to write a compelling essay if you're not a fan of the topic on which you're writing. For example, I just love British theatre and ended up writing my Extended Essay on a revolution in post-WWII British theatre. (Yes, I'm definitely a #TheatreNerd.)

I really encourage anyone who pursues an IB Diploma to take the Extended Essay seriously. I was fortunate enough to receive a full-tuition merit scholarship to USC's School of Dramatic Arts program. In my interview for the scholarship, I spoke passionately about my Extended Essay; thus, I genuinely think my Extended Essay helped me get my scholarship.

But how do you find a topic you're passionate about? Start by thinking about which classes you enjoy the most and why . Do you like math classes because you like to solve problems? Or do you enjoy English because you like to analyze literary texts?

Keep in mind that there's no right or wrong answer when it comes to choosing your Extended Essay topic. You're not more likely to get high marks because you're writing about science, just like you're not doomed to failure because you've chosen to tackle the social sciences. The quality of what you produce—not the field you choose to research within—will determine your grade.

Once you've figured out your category, you should brainstorm more specific topics by putting pen to paper . What was your favorite chapter you learned in that class? Was it astrophysics or mechanics? What did you like about that specific chapter? Is there something you want to learn more about? I recommend spending a few hours on this type of brainstorming.

One last note: if you're truly stumped on what to research, pick a topic that will help you in your future major or career . That way you can use your Extended Essay as a talking point in your college essays (and it will prepare you for your studies to come too!).

#2: Select a Topic That Is Neither Too Broad nor Too Narrow

There's a fine line between broad and narrow. You need to write about something specific, but not so specific that you can't write 4,000 words on it.

You can't write about WWII because that would be a book's worth of material. You also don't want to write about what type of soup prisoners of war received behind enemy lines, because you probably won’t be able to come up with 4,000 words of material about it. However, you could possibly write about how the conditions in German POW camps—and the rations provided—were directly affected by the Nazis' successes and failures on the front, including the use of captured factories and prison labor in Eastern Europe to increase production. WWII military history might be a little overdone, but you get my point.

If you're really stuck trying to pinpoint a not-too-broad-or-too-narrow topic, I suggest trying to brainstorm a topic that uses a comparison. Once you begin looking through the list of sample essays below, you'll notice that many use comparisons to formulate their main arguments.

I also used a comparison in my EE, contrasting Harold Pinter's Party Time with John Osborne's Look Back in Anger in order to show a transition in British theatre. Topics with comparisons of two to three plays, books, and so on tend to be the sweet spot. You can analyze each item and then compare them with one another after doing some in-depth analysis of each individually. The ways these items compare and contrast will end up forming the thesis of your essay!

When choosing a comparative topic, the key is that the comparison should be significant. I compared two plays to illustrate the transition in British theatre, but you could compare the ways different regional dialects affect people's job prospects or how different temperatures may or may not affect the mating patterns of lightning bugs. The point here is that comparisons not only help you limit your topic, but they also help you build your argument.

Comparisons are not the only way to get a grade-A EE, though. If after brainstorming, you pick a non-comparison-based topic and are still unsure whether your topic is too broad or narrow, spend about 30 minutes doing some basic research and see how much material is out there.

If there are more than 1,000 books, articles, or documentaries out there on that exact topic, it may be too broad. But if there are only two books that have any connection to your topic, it may be too narrow. If you're still unsure, ask your advisor—it's what they're there for! Speaking of advisors...

Don't get stuck with a narrow topic!

#3: Choose an Advisor Who Is Familiar With Your Topic

If you're not certain of who you would like to be your advisor, create a list of your top three choices. Next, write down the pros and cons of each possibility (I know this sounds tedious, but it really helps!).

For example, Mr. Green is my favorite teacher and we get along really well, but he teaches English. For my EE, I want to conduct an experiment that compares the efficiency of American electric cars with foreign electric cars.

I had Ms. White a year ago. She teaches physics and enjoyed having me in her class. Unlike Mr. Green, Ms. White could help me design my experiment.

Based on my topic and what I need from my advisor, Ms. White would be a better fit for me than would Mr. Green (even though I like him a lot).

The moral of my story is this: do not just ask your favorite teacher to be your advisor . They might be a hindrance to you if they teach another subject. For example, I would not recommend asking your biology teacher to guide you in writing an English literature-based EE.

There can, of course, be exceptions to this rule. If you have a teacher who's passionate and knowledgeable about your topic (as my English teacher was about my theatre topic), you could ask that instructor. Consider all your options before you do this. There was no theatre teacher at my high school, so I couldn't find a theatre-specific advisor, but I chose the next best thing.

Before you approach a teacher to serve as your advisor, check with your high school to see what requirements they have for this process. Some IB high schools require your IB Extended Essay advisor to sign an Agreement Form , for instance.

Make sure that you ask your IB coordinator whether there is any required paperwork to fill out. If your school needs a specific form signed, bring it with you when you ask your teacher to be your EE advisor.

#4: Pick an Advisor Who Will Push You to Be Your Best

Some teachers might just take on students because they have to and aren't very passionate about reading drafts, only giving you minimal feedback. Choose a teacher who will take the time to read several drafts of your essay and give you extensive notes. I would not have gotten my A without being pushed to make my Extended Essay draft better.

Ask a teacher that you have experience with through class or an extracurricular activity. Do not ask a teacher that you have absolutely no connection to. If a teacher already knows you, that means they already know your strengths and weaknesses, so they know what to look for, where you need to improve, and how to encourage your best work.

Also, don't forget that your supervisor's assessment is part of your overall EE score . If you're meeting with someone who pushes you to do better—and you actually take their advice—they'll have more impressive things to say about you than a supervisor who doesn't know you well and isn't heavily involved in your research process.

Be aware that the IB only allows advisors to make suggestions and give constructive criticism. Your teacher cannot actually help you write your EE. The IB recommends that the supervisor spends approximately two to three hours in total with the candidate discussing the EE.

#5: Make Sure Your Essay Has a Clear Structure and Flow

The IB likes structure. Your EE needs a clear introduction (which should be one to two double-spaced pages), research question/focus (i.e., what you're investigating), a body, and a conclusion (about one double-spaced page). An essay with unclear organization will be graded poorly.

The body of your EE should make up the bulk of the essay. It should be about eight to 18 pages long (again, depending on your topic). Your body can be split into multiple parts. For example, if you were doing a comparison, you might have one third of your body as Novel A Analysis, another third as Novel B Analysis, and the final third as your comparison of Novels A and B.

If you're conducting an experiment or analyzing data, such as in this EE , your EE body should have a clear structure that aligns with the scientific method ; you should state the research question, discuss your method, present the data, analyze the data, explain any uncertainties, and draw a conclusion and/or evaluate the success of the experiment.

#6: Start Writing Sooner Rather Than Later!

You will not be able to crank out a 4,000-word essay in just a week and get an A on it. You'll be reading many, many articles (and, depending on your topic, possibly books and plays as well!). As such, it's imperative that you start your research as soon as possible.

Each school has a slightly different deadline for the Extended Essay. Some schools want them as soon as November of your senior year; others will take them as late as February. Your school will tell you what your deadline is. If they haven't mentioned it by February of your junior year, ask your IB coordinator about it.

Some high schools will provide you with a timeline of when you need to come up with a topic, when you need to meet with your advisor, and when certain drafts are due. Not all schools do this. Ask your IB coordinator if you are unsure whether you are on a specific timeline.

Below is my recommended EE timeline. While it's earlier than most schools, it'll save you a ton of heartache (trust me, I remember how hard this process was!):

January/February of Junior Year: Come up with your final research topic (or at least your top three options).
February of Junior Year: Approach a teacher about being your EE advisor. If they decline, keep asking others until you find one. See my notes above on how to pick an EE advisor.
April/May of Junior Year: Submit an outline of your EE and a bibliography of potential research sources (I recommend at least seven to 10) to your EE advisor. Meet with your EE advisor to discuss your outline.
Summer Between Junior and Senior Year: Complete your first full draft over the summer between your junior and senior year. I know, I know—no one wants to work during the summer, but trust me—this will save you so much stress come fall when you are busy with college applications and other internal assessments for your IB classes. You will want to have this first full draft done because you will want to complete a couple of draft cycles as you likely won't be able to get everything you want to say into 4,000 articulate words on the first attempt. Try to get this first draft into the best possible shape so you don't have to work on too many revisions during the school year on top of your homework, college applications, and extracurriculars.
August/September of Senior Year: Turn in your first draft of your EE to your advisor and receive feedback. Work on incorporating their feedback into your essay. If they have a lot of suggestions for improvement, ask if they will read one more draft before the final draft.
September/October of Senior Year: Submit the second draft of your EE to your advisor (if necessary) and look at their feedback. Work on creating the best possible final draft.
November-February of Senior Year: Schedule your viva voce. Submit two copies of your final draft to your school to be sent off to the IB. You likely will not get your grade until after you graduate.

Remember that in the middle of these milestones, you'll need to schedule two other reflection sessions with your advisor . (Your teachers will actually take notes on these sessions on a form like this one , which then gets submitted to the IB.)

I recommend doing them when you get feedback on your drafts, but these meetings will ultimately be up to your supervisor. Just don't forget to do them!

The early bird DOES get the worm!

How Is the IB Extended Essay Graded?

Extended Essays are graded by examiners appointed by the IB on a scale of 0 to 34 . You'll be graded on five criteria, each with its own set of points. You can learn more about how EE scoring works by reading the IB guide to extended essays .

Criterion A: Focus and Method (6 points maximum)
Criterion B: Knowledge and Understanding (6 points maximum)
Criterion C: Critical Thinking (12 points maximum)
Criterion D: Presentation (4 points maximum)
Criterion E: Engagement (6 points maximum)

How well you do on each of these criteria will determine the final letter grade you get for your EE. You must earn at least a D to be eligible to receive your IB Diploma.

Although each criterion has a point value, the IB explicitly states that graders are not converting point totals into grades; instead, they're using qualitative grade descriptors to determine the final grade of your Extended Essay . Grade descriptors are on pages 102-103 of this document .

Here's a rough estimate of how these different point values translate to letter grades based on previous scoring methods for the EE. This is just an estimate —you should read and understand the grade descriptors so you know exactly what the scorers are looking for.

Here is the breakdown of EE scores (from the May 2021 bulletin):

How Does the Extended Essay Grade Affect Your IB Diploma?

The Extended Essay grade is combined with your TOK (Theory of Knowledge) grade to determine how many points you get toward your IB Diploma.

To learn about Theory of Knowledge or how many points you need to receive an IB Diploma, read our complete guide to the IB program and our guide to the IB Diploma requirements .

This diagram shows how the two scores are combined to determine how many points you receive for your IB diploma (3 being the most, 0 being the least). In order to get your IB Diploma, you have to earn 24 points across both categories (the TOK and EE). The highest score anyone can earn is 45 points.

Let's say you get an A on your EE and a B on TOK. You will get 3 points toward your Diploma. As of 2014, a student who scores an E on either the extended essay or TOK essay will not be eligible to receive an IB Diploma .

Prior to the class of 2010, a Diploma candidate could receive a failing grade in either the Extended Essay or Theory of Knowledge and still be awarded a Diploma, but this is no longer true.

Figuring out how you're assessed can be a little tricky. Luckily, the IB breaks everything down here in this document . (The assessment information begins on page 219.)

40+ Sample Extended Essays for the IB Diploma Programme

In case you want a little more guidance on how to get an A on your EE, here are over 40 excellent (grade A) sample extended essays for your reading pleasure. Essays are grouped by IB subject.

Business Management 1
Chemistry 1
Chemistry 2
Chemistry 3
Chemistry 4
Chemistry 5
Chemistry 6
Chemistry 7
Computer Science 1
Economics 1
Design Technology 1
Design Technology 2
Environmental Systems and Societies 1
Geography 1
Geography 2
Geography 3
Geography 4
Geography 5
Geography 6
Literature and Performance 1
Mathematics 1
Mathematics 2
Mathematics 3
Mathematics 4
Mathematics 5
Philosophy 1
Philosophy 2
Philosophy 3
Philosophy 4
Philosophy 5
Psychology 1
Psychology 2
Psychology 3
Psychology 4
Psychology 5
Social and Cultural Anthropology 1
Social and Cultural Anthropology 2
Social and Cultural Anthropology 3
Sports, Exercise and Health Science 1
Sports, Exercise and Health Science 2
Visual Arts 1
Visual Arts 2
Visual Arts 3
Visual Arts 4
Visual Arts 5
World Religion 1
World Religion 2
World Religion 3

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2016-2017 IB Extended Essay: Sample IB EE's

Workshop 1: Getting started
Workshop 2: EE Options
Workshop 3: Selecting a topic
Workshop 4:Research Questions
Workshop 5: Supervisors and Reflections
Finding Books & Ebooks
Primary Sources
Citation Guide
Subject guidance
Sample IB EE's
Biology (2018 new rubric)
Biology Light Intensity
Does Age Have an Effect on Short-term Memory of 6 to 18 Year Old Students?

Chemistry:

Chemistry 1
What are the Alternative Fuels for the Depleting Fossil Fuels and which is the Best Fuel in Accordance with the Energy Output?
A Copper Ions
Chemistry 3

Design Technology

Does Hull Trim and Balance Affect the Speed of a Boat?

Individuals & Society:

Market Form of the Retail Petroleum Supply Industry in Parklands
Economics 1
Economics 2
Economics 3

I have an exemplar but the file is too big to upload. If you are interested in this topic I can share the essay with you.

Geography 2
History EE (2018 new rubric)
To What Extent was the Establishment of the State of Israel in Palestine in 1948, Influenced by Theodor Herzl?

Information Technology in a Global Society

Philosophy 1
Philosophy 2
Philosophy 3
Philosophy 4
Psychology EE (2018 new rubric)
Applied Behavior Analysis and Early Intervention: The Extent of Recovery from Autism
Psychology 1
Psychology 2
Psychology 3

Social & Cultural Anthropology

Social & Cultural Anthropology 1
Social & Cultural Anthropology 2

World Religions

To What Extent do the Core Scriptural Teachings of Sikhism Permit them to Marry Outside of the Religion?
World Religions 1
World Religions 2

Language Acquisition:

French: Les Liaisons Dangereuses

Literature & Language

Journeys in the Inferno and The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
Toni Morrison

Math:

Cryptography and Rubik's Cube: An Investigative Analysis
Pascal's Triangle

Visual Arts:

How Does the work of Yinka Shonibare Illustrate the Changing Role of African Art in a Global Society?
Ballet's Accessibility and Costumes Affecting Society's View of the Art Form
Visual Arts 1
Visual Arts 4

Interdisciplinary Essays:

Environmental Systems & Societies

ESS Extended Essay (2018 new rubric)

World Studies

World Studies EE History, Economics, & Politics (2018 new rubric)
Does the Production of Dairy and Meat from Dairy Cows in the United States affect the Environment and Well Being of Animals and Humans?
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Economics Extended Essay Guide: Everything You Need to Learn

by Antony W

April 18, 2024

This guide covers everything you need to learn before you write an IB Economics Extended Essay.

We look at the definition, structure, assessment criteria, topic selection, data collection, analysis and evaluation, and reflection.

What is an IB Economics Extended Essay?

An Economics Extended Essay is a 4,000-word autonomous, self-directed report based on a topic of personal interest. This project allows you to:

Improve your research skills.
Apply economic theories to a real-world issue.
Analyze and evaluate the outcomes of your study.

The essay requires 40 hours of preparation and writing. Moreover, you’ll get help from your school-based supervisor throughout this period. The result should be a clear and well-organized analytical essay.

To write a comprehensive Economics EE, you must dedicate time to conduct in-depth research to collect meaningful and reliable data you can use to analyze the context of your theory and research issue.

IB Economics Extended Essay Structure

Your Economics EE should feature a title page, table of contents, introduction, methodology, main body, conclusion, bibliography, and appendices.

Title Page: Write the title of the essay, the EE research question , subject, and word count.
Table of Contents: Make sure each section mentioned in your table of contents has corresponding page numbers.
Introduction: Explain the focus of the essay, the scope of the research, and your line of argument.
Main Body: Write reasoned arguments for the issue under investigation. Use subheadings for methodology, analysis, discussion, and evaluation.
Conclusion: Communicate what you’ve achieved. Mention the limitation of your research and note what your research question couldn’t answer.
Bibliography: Cite all the EE sources to demonstrate that you engaged in in-depth research and that you care about academic integrity.

IB Economics Extended Essay Assessment Criteria

The assessment criteria for an extended essay in economics examine focus and method, knowledge and understanding, critical thinking, presentation, and engagement. The following table is a complete summary of the marking scheme.

Economics Extended Essay Topic Selection

The best economics EE topic is the one that you find interesting enough to explore, as long as the focus remains on the fundamentals of economic concepts.

We strongly suggest you choose a topic that allows you to apply economic theories, methods and instruments present in the curriculum. Remember, the assignment requires you to conduct secondary research. However, you may also conduct pertinent original research depending on the topic you choose.

Your topic should:

Be historical. However, your focus should be on a research issue that’s no more than five years old.
Allow you to use economic theories and concepts to answer your research question.
Provide opportunities for critical analysis of the information and data collected.
Allow enough room for analysis while sticking to the scope of the essay.

Don’t choose a broad topic because the essay needs critical and reflective thinking and analysis on something specific. And don’t pick an excessively narrow theme because you may not have access to specific data.

So choose your topic wisely, making sure that it isn’t too wide or too narrow to fit within the scope of the EE’s requirements.

Data Collection in Economics Extended Essay

You have to conduct original research on topics covered in the economics curriculum. Therefore, spend just enough time establishing value for your topic in microeconomics, macroeconomics or the global economy.

Doing original research goes a long way to show that the title and the research question is an issue unanswered by secondary sources.

If you’ve decided to write an EE on microeconomics, you may have to use primary research in the form of surveys, questionnaires, or interviews with pertinent businesspeople direct to the study subject.

Themes from macroeconomics and the global economy require more secondary research in the form of data extraction from published academic papers, historical records, government publications, newspaper/online articles, and statistical databases.

Analysis and Evaluation in Economics EE

The analysis of your economics extended essay can only be effective if you use pertinent economic theories to analyze data collected.

You have to incorporate applicable economic theories, models, and methods in your research’s findings.

For example, you can exhibit critical analysis and evaluation by a sound assessment and judgment of the amount to which the applicable economic theory is beneficial in addressing your research question .

If you cannot establish relevant connections between your selected topic and the research question, avoid establishing knowledge claims based on economic theories, models, and instruments.

Criterion C of the assessment instrument requires you to provide precise findings for each analyzed point, and there has to be interim conclusions throughout your writing.

Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the limitations of your own research, flaws in the economic theories, and underlying assumptions of the models utilized when developing your arguments. Also, evaluate the extent to which an economic theory may or may not describe your topic.

IB Economics EE Reflection Session

Being reflective is one of the IB learner profile characteristics, and it is now a formal requirement of the EE evaluation criteria.

IB uses the Reflections on Planning and Progress Form (RPPF), which has a 6-point value, to evaluate reflections. This is a substantial amount of points, which can determine the distinction between two grades on the final examination.

As part of the EE requirements, you will be required to hold three mandatory reflection sessions with your supervisor, and each of these reflection sessions appear on the official RPPF.

Reflection in the EE focuses on the process of the assignment itself.

Consider the following areas of reflection for each portion of the RPPF:

How did you overcome the problems, setbacks, and barriers you encountered, and what did you learn in the process?
Which of the IB learner profile characteristics apply to you?
What did you learn, and did new views emerge?

The maximum word count for all three reflections is 500. You must write the reflection in your own word and pertain only to your personal learning journey throughout the course.

About the author

Antony W is a professional writer and coach at Help for Assessment. He spends countless hours every day researching and writing great content filled with expert advice on how to write engaging essays, research papers, and assignments.

Example essays

The International Baccalaureate® (IB) programme resource centre, a key resource for educators at IB World Schools, includes several examples of extended essay titles .

These highlight the diverse range of topics covered by International Baccalaureate® (IB) Diploma Programme (DP) students during their extended essays.

Some examples are:

“An analysis of costume as a source for understanding the inner life of the character”
“A study of malnourished children in Indonesia and the extent of their recovery after a period of supervised improved nutrition.”
“Doing versus being: language and reality in the Mimamsa school of Indian philosophy.”
“The effects of sugar-free chewing gum on the pH of saliva in the mouth after a meal.”
“To what extent has the fall in the exchange rate of the US dollar affected the tourist industry in Carmel, California?”
“What level of data compression in music files is acceptable to the human ear?”

Also available in the programma resource centre , the Diploma Programme Assessment Procedures has guidance on choosing a subject for the extended essay.

The PRC is only available to existing IB World Schools.

You can also purchase examples of essays in the IB Store . These essays fulfil the requirements for an ‘A’ grade in the extended essay.

If your school is not one already, learn how to become an IB World School in order to implement the DP.

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IB Economics IA examples

Type a search phrase to find the most relevant Economics IA examples for you

Not sure what to search for? You can always look through our example Economics Internal Assessments below for inspiration.

All Economics IA Examples

Filter exemplars, us inflation hits 40-year high of 8.6% as food, gas and shelter costs rise (macroeconomics), indonesia includes sugary drink tax in 2023 budget (microeconomics), want to get full marks for your ia allow us to review it for you 🎯, microeconomics ia on cigarette taxes in singapore, us inflation soared 7.9% in the past year, a fresh 40-year high (macroeconomics), economics ia on carbon taxation to reduce externalities (microeconomics), fast track your coursework with mark schemes moderated by ib examiners. upgrade now 🚀, u.s. temporarily suspends tariffs on steel imported from ukraine (global economy), south korea imposes zero tariffs on imported pork amid inflation woes. (the global economy), high government spending fuelling inflation rate - luxon (macroeconomics), effect of capital spending on brazilian economy (macroeconomics), effects of solar panel subsidies and potential rollback on electricity prices in california (microeconomics), bank of england raises interest rates as it warns of recession and 10% inflation (macroeconomics), inflation is up 8.3% since last year—and more fed rate hikes are likely looming (macroeconomics), indonesia to scrap caps on cooking oil price, introduce subsidy to ensure supply (microeconomics), singapore's carbon tax to rise five-fold in 2024 (microeconomics), economics ia on us taxation to reduce inflation (macroeconomics), ijma says raw jute price ceiling counterproductive, seeks mamata's intervention (microeconomics), tanzania exports crabs to shanghai, enjoying zero-tariff treatment (global economy), nigeria's 2022 budget has no provision for $6 bln transport subsidy, lawmaker says (microeconomics), who will drink the australian wine previously bought by 52 million chinese consumers (global economy), wisconsin alcohol sales tax collections last year jumped at highest rate in almost 50 years (microeconomics), impact of chinese import quota increase (global economy), all petrol and diesel car drivers to be hit by ban - what to know from taxes to grant cuts uk (microeconomics), new zealand forecasts recession in 2023 as it delivers largest rate hike in history (macroeconomics), newfoundland and labrador says soft drink tax coming in 2022 will be canada's first (microeconomics), spain applauds the wto’s decision and asks the united states to remove the imposition of tariffs on spanish ripe (black) olives (global economics ), morrison government to sign interim agreement which has taken on extra urgency given australia’s rocky relationship with china (global economy), unvaxxed tax leads to spike in vaccine appointments in quebec, canada (microeconomics), economics ia on tariff effects on interdependence of countries (global economy), china-australia relations: tariffs drive ‘exceptionally challenging’ environment for australian wine exporters (macroeconomics), malaysia hikes key rate, says not on pre-set tightening path (macroeconomics), philippines to cut tariffs on electric vehicles, parts (global economy), indonesia all set to hike cigarette excise in 2022 (microeconomics), european central bank confirms july rate hike plans, raises inflation projections significantly (global economy), global economics, higher tobacco taxes can benefit health, economy. (microeconomics), lebanon devalues official exchange rate by 90 percent (global economics), china’s fee and tax cuts to support smes and r&d, but may weaken government resources (macroeconomics), govt increases allocation for ev subsidy threefold (microeconomics), how much did cigarettes go up budget 2021 price increase explained and when rise came into effect (microeconomics), glass half empty or full the two ways of viewing latest uk jobs figures (macroeconomics), china issues second set of 2023 oil import quotas, up from 2022 (global economy).

IB Extended Essay: Past Essays

Research Questions
Past Essays
Notes & Outlines
Works Cited Page
In-Text Citations
Assessment Criteria
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Supervisor Info
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English a & b ee examples.

English A EE Example
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Visual Arts EE Example 1
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Film EE Examples

Film Example 1
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Example economics essays (paper 1 and 2) examples

By wezx April 16, 2008 in Economics and Business & Management

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Share on other sites, teddy>you.

I go by the catchphrase: DEDEE D-define E-explain D-Diagram E-example E-Evaluate Worked completely fine for me.. BUT..for the short answer questions and part a.) of the long answer question you don't actually need any evaluation.

Try DEDE FAC Define Explain Diagram Example For Against Conclusion DEDE is for the lower mark question, FAC is for the 10 mark question.

Alright thanks alot guys, this is really helpful

2 weeks later...

same here all the advices above are extra helpful but i'm still not sure about the structure. specifically, do i need an introduction, a body part and a conclusion like any other essays? i would really appreciate if anyone shares an sample essay thanks a lo

[quote name='student' post='16429' date='May 11 2008, 09:06 AM']same here all the advices above are extra helpful but i'm still not sure about the structure. specifically, do i need an introduction, a body part and a conclusion like any other essays? i would really appreciate if anyone shares an sample essay thanks a lo[/quote] no, get right to the point. there is no time for stuff like introduction or conclusion. Start by defining what they ask for in the question, for example AD and LRAS, and then go on to write according to the hints given in the previous posts.

1 month later...

Guys! The papers and markschemes are for sale on the IBO Store website. It's like 1.50euros per paper or markscheme if i remember correctly. (For paper 2 and 3 just get markscheme as the questions are written in the answers anyway) That will give you the best idea of what they're looking for... straight from the horse's mouth, so to speak.

2 months later...

Have you written your commentaries yet? The format is pretty much the same. What should happen when you finish the course is that you can distinguish the theory behind any economic event, then analyze and critique/evaluate it.

Paper 1 is pretty straightforward as Q a) is explaining the theory as Q b) is evaluating.

Paper 2 is more or less in the format of the commentaries - there is an article, from which you are to provide definitions, graphs, and an evaluation. All this is based on the premise that you are able to distinguish the theory behind the article.

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Economics Revision Essay Plans

Last updated 17 Dec 2019

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Economics Essay Examples

Ace Your Essay With Our Economics Essay Examples

Published on: Jun 6, 2023

Last updated on: Jan 31, 2024

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Are you struggling to understand economics essays and how to write your own?

It can be challenging to grasp the complexities of economic concepts without practical examples.

But don’t worry!

We’ve got the solution you've been looking for. Explore quality examples that bridge the gap between theory and real-world applications. In addition, get insightful tips for writing economics essays.

So, if you're a student aiming for academic success, this blog is your go-to resource for mastering economics essays.

Let’s dive in and get started!

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What is an Economics Essay?

An economics essay is a written piece that explores economic theories, concepts, and their real-world applications. It involves analyzing economic issues, presenting arguments, and providing evidence to support ideas.

The goal of an economics essay is to demonstrate an understanding of economic principles and the ability to critically evaluate economic topics.

Why Write an Economics Essay?

Writing an economics essay serves multiple purposes:

Demonstrate Understanding: Showcasing your comprehension of economic concepts and their practical applications.
Develop Critical Thinking: Cultivating analytical skills to evaluate economic issues from different perspectives.
Apply Theory to Real-World Contexts: Bridging the gap between economic theory and real-life scenarios.
Enhance Research and Analysis Skills: Improving abilities to gather and interpret economic data.
Prepare for Academic and Professional Pursuits: Building a foundation for success in future economics-related endeavors.

Paper Due? Why Suffer? That's our Job!

If youâre wondering, âhow do I write an economics essay?â, consulting an example essay might be a good option for you. Here are some economics essay examples:

Short Essay About Economics

A Level Economics Essay Examples

Here is an essay on economics a level structure:

Band 6 Economics Essay Examples

Here are some downloadable economics essays:

Economics essay pdf

Economics essay introduction

Economics Extended Essay Examples

In an economics extended essay, students have the opportunity to delve into a specific economic topic of interest. They are required to conduct an in-depth analysis of this topic and compile a lengthy essay.

Here are some potential economics extended essay question examples:

How does foreign direct investment impact economic growth in developing countries?
What are the factors influencing consumer behavior and their effects on market demand for sustainable products?
To what extent does government intervention in the form of minimum wage policies affect employment levels and income inequality?
What are the economic consequences of implementing a carbon tax to combat climate change?
How does globalization influence income distribution and the wage gap in developed economies?

IB Economics Extended Essay Examples

Economics Extended Essay Topic Examples

Extended Essay Research Question Examples Economics

Tips for Writing an Economics Essay

Writing an economics essay requires specific expertise and skills. So, it's important to have some tips up your sleeve to make sure your essay is of high quality:

Start with a Clear Thesis Statement: It defines your essay's focus and argument. This statement should be concise, to the point, and present the crux of your essay.
Conduct Research and Gather Data: Collect facts and figures from reliable sources such as academic journals, government reports, and reputable news outlets. Use this data to support your arguments and analysis and compile a literature review.
Use Economic Theories and Models: These help you to support your arguments and provide a framework for your analysis. Make sure to clearly explain these theories and models so that the reader can follow your reasoning.
Analyze the Micro and Macro Aspects: Consider all angles of the topic. This means examining how the issue affects individuals, businesses, and the economy as a whole.
Use Real-World Examples: Practical examples and case studies help to illustrate your points. This can make your arguments more relatable and understandable.
Consider the Policy Implications: Take into account the impacts of your analysis. What are the potential solutions to the problem you're examining? How might different policies affect the outcomes you're discussing?
Use Graphs and Charts: These help to illustrate your data and analysis. These visual aids can help make your arguments more compelling and easier to understand.
Proofread and Edit: Make sure to proofread your essay carefully for grammar and spelling errors. In economics, precision and accuracy are essential, so errors can undermine the credibility of your analysis.

These tips can help make your essay writing journey a breeze. Tailor them to your topic to make sure you end with a well-researched and accurate economics essay.

To wrap it up , writing an economics essay requires a combination of solid research, analytical thinking, and effective communication.

You can craft a compelling piece of work by taking our examples as a guide and following the tips.

However, if you are still questioning "how do I write an economics essay?", it's time to get professional help from the best essay writing service - CollegeEssay.org.

Our economics essay writing service is always ready to help students like you. Our experienced economics essay writers are dedicated to delivering high-quality, custom-written essays that are 100% plagiarism free.

Also try out our AI essay writer and get your quality economics essay now!

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Barbara is a highly educated and qualified author with a Ph.D. in public health from an Ivy League university. She has spent a significant amount of time working in the medical field, conducting a thorough study on a variety of health issues. Her work has been published in several major publications.

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Why is Prostitution a Crime

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The profession of commercial sex exchange, commonly known as prostitution, has been a contentious matter across epochs, frequently entwining moral, legal, and economic facets. The legal status of prostitution exhibits significant divergence globally, yet in numerous jurisdictions, it retains its criminal label. Comprehending the rationale behind the criminalization of prostitution necessitates an examination of manifold societal, ethical, and pragmatic factors that shape legislative decisions in this domain.

A primary impetus for the criminalization of prostitution resides in moral and societal conventions.

Many societies perceive prostitution as immoral, contending that it commodifies and debases the human physique. This standpoint often emanates from religious and cultural precepts dictating that sexual activities should confine within prescribed limits, such as marriage. The notion that commercialized intimacy undermines familial and communal values propels the advocacy for its criminalization.

From a jurisprudential perspective, arguments advocating for the criminalization of prostitution frequently pivot on public health and safety concerns. The association of prostitution with elevated incidences of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) bolsters the impetus for its criminal status in myriad locales. Legislators contend that the criminalization of prostitution aids in curbing the proliferation of STIs, thereby safeguarding public health. Nonetheless, detractors of this stance posit that the criminalization inadvertently impedes public health endeavors by compelling the sex trade into clandestine realms, impeding sex workers’ access to healthcare services and impeding healthcare services’ reach to them.

Another salient factor underpinning the criminalization of prostitution is the apprehension regarding human trafficking. A prevailing belief persists that prostitution and human trafficking share an intrinsic nexus, with the demand for paid sexual services propelling the trafficking enterprise. Through the criminalization of prostitution, some lawmakers endeavor to attenuate the demand that fuels the global trafficking of individuals for sexual exploitation. Nonetheless, dissenters argue that not all sex workers are victims of trafficking and that the blanket criminalization of the profession jeopardizes voluntary sex workers by depriving them of the safeguards accorded to laborers in other vocations.

The discourse surrounding the criminalization of prostitution further encompasses deliberations on individual autonomy and economic agency. Advocates for the decriminalization of prostitution posit that adults should wield autonomy over their corporeal sovereignty, including the prerogative to engage in sex work. They posit that criminalization deprives sex workers of agency and exacerbates their vulnerability by relegating them to operate in clandestine and often perilous milieus. Furthermore, economic analyses occasionally suggest that legalization and regulation of prostitution could engender fiscal revenue and ameliorate labor conditions for sex workers.

In summation, elucidating why prostitution bears the stamp of criminality defies a simplistic elucidation but rather implicates a labyrinthine interplay of ethical, juridical, and pragmatic considerations. Moral qualms grounded in societal conventions, anxieties regarding public health and safety, the endeavor to combat human trafficking, and deliberations on individual freedom and economic prerogatives collectively shape the contours of policies pertaining to the legality of prostitution. As societies evolve and fresh scholarship unfolds, the discourse on this topic endures, reflecting shifts in values, comprehension, and paradigms in law and governance.

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Why is Prostitution a Crime. The profession of commercial sex exchange, commonly known as prostitution, has been a contentious matter across epochs, frequently entwining moral, legal, and economic facets. The legal status of prostitution exhibits significant divergence globally, yet in numerous jurisdictions, it retains its criminal label.