frito lay case study solution

On an average day, Sam climbs into his delivery truck hours before sunrise and drives near and far to deliver, merchandise and sell snacks to large format retailers, convenience stores and neighborhood bodegas.

Huge Service Capacity

Frontline sales employees service 300,000 retail stores weekly 

Growing Customers

e-commerce solution has 30,000 customers and growing

Long before hungry consumers rip into a bag of chips, an intricate process unfolds. In part, the process is complex because of the sheer volume of business that Frito-Lay operates. Annually, Frito-Lay uses enough potatoes, if stacked end to end, to reach the moon and back. The enterprise has 69,000 employees, of which 25,000 are frontline sales employees like Sam who service more than 300,000 retail stores weekly to replenish inventory, arrange displays and rotate stock to ensure freshness. Getting the right product to the right place at the right time is a formidable job. Moreover, consumers are increasingly demanding a mix of their old favorites intermingled with new, unique flavors.

To optimize productivity across its systems and better service retailers of all sizes, Frito-Lay worked to centralize and modernize its tools with Salesforce . To ensure user adoption, the company engaged the user-focused experts from IBM® Consulting and IBM’s Salesforce practice, to expand its e-commerce strategy and create a new solution to streamline frontline employees’ workflows.

Lay’s Classic potato chips are simple yet delicious, with only three ingredients: potatoes, oil and salt. Frito-Lay wanted a set of mobile-responsive tools for its employees and customers to engage with that would reflect this simplicity. Choosing to lead with a human-focused design approach, the IBM Garage™ , team conducted nearly 1,500 hours of user research and created roughly 40 personas. IBM designers participated in immersive ride-alongs with Frito-Lay’s frontline employees (like Sam) and spent time interviewing managers and shadowing merchandisers. They learned how employees were truly using the tools and documented pain points that the new technology would need to solve. The team ranked and mapped every pain point to ensure that the transformation backlog was prioritized based on user and business value. Taking it a step further, the team of experts across IBM Garage and IBM iX® was able to calculate the financial impact of solving each pain point. Insight into each pain point’s ROI informed Frito-Lay’s decision about how to prioritize development.

Frito-Lay and IBM co-created two solutions built on the Salesforce platform. Snacks to You is an advanced e-commerce solution, and Sales Hub streamlines frontline-employee delivery routes and provides drivers and managers with an efficient mobile app to improve performance and visibility.

Built on the Salesforce Commerce Cloud, Snacks to You allows smaller businesses such as bodegas and food trucks to order Frito-Lay snacks online. The e-commerce platform helps customers simplify their ordering and delivery process while providing them with more expansive product offerings. The app is fully integrated with Frito-Lay’s proprietary snacking insight AI engine, which means that it can use data-driven insights to make ordering suggestions based on seasonal preferences, regional trends and current events such as the Super Bowl. The platform can also predict when retailers’ inventory is low and recommend curated assortments. A dashboard shows historical data, predictive analytics and even a “snack score” that indicates how likely customers are to love a product.

Sales Hub, powered by Salesforce Service Cloud, unites the back office with the frontline, providing a seamless mobile experience for employees. Salesforce Field Service Lightning ensures routes are appropriately serviced and creates a fluid communication channel between the frontline and dispatch, giving drivers and merchandisers the ability to quickly adapt and redirect resources when issues arise. Geotagging automatically checks delivery drivers in and out of stores and can calculate mileage and recommend more efficient delivery routes. By tracking delivery status and timing, the app can alert employees to delays and therefore reduce downtime and waiting. The mobile app also provides helpful stocking instructions and planograms so that employees can make real-time adjustments to product inventory. Managers and employees can also access timesheets, make vacation requests and provide in-the-moment schedule adjustments.

The IBM Garage approach to digital transformation at Frito-Lay was successful because of the synergy between the two IBM Garage tracks: innovation and transformation. These tracks created the framework for researching and testing solutions across the business when solving for pain points from either the employee or customer perspective. To align innovation and transformation efforts and make sure everyone was working toward a common vision, the teams established “Golden Threads.” These were aspirational visions of user experiences that threaded through every aspect of the project. Working from this backlog of experiences, the innovation team would come up with ideas to solve the problem, bound by no restrictions, seeking the best technology for the need. Once validated with a working minimum viable product (MVP), the transformation squads would use scaled agile practices to quickly build, test and deploy the solution that best met users’ needs. The result was a beautiful user experience with clean architecture behind it.

To maintain its momentum and commitment to innovation, Frito-Lay has expanded the IBM Garage Methodology across the Frito-Lay organization. IBM Garage has helped fuel Frito-Lay’s transformation with meaningful innovation. Frito-Lay is now positioned to fully function in a virtual environment and quickly adapt to challenges that arise. Working virtually, the teams have kept the same routines, stand-up times and release schedules.

Snacks to You has 30,000 active customers and is growing, with the platform being utilized to flex and adapt to shifts in demand. Retailers experience fewer out-of-stock scenarios and expensive rush shipments, and they are able to choose new products to feature in their stores. Sales Hub provides Frito-Lay with real-time visibility into key operational and stocking metrics to drive field productivity and scheduling efficiencies. Sales Hub has been such a success that Frito-Lay is working with IBM to transfer its electronic handheld device functions — ordering, invoicing and warehouse management — into the app.

Frito-Lay’s transformation is just beginning. Kevin Buehler, the company’s Senior Director, Snacks to You, says: “It’s not like there’s a start and stop to this transformation. It’s a process. We’re on this journey and will continue as we evolve with our workforce.”

IBM Garage is built for moving faster, working smarter and innovating in a way that lets you disrupt disruption. Talk to an IBM Garage expert .

Based in Plano, Texas, Frito-Lay  (link resides outside of ibm.com) is a US subsidiary of PepsiCo Americas Foods and one of the largest manufacturers and marketers of snack foods. Its brand portfolio includes Lay’s, Ruffles, Doritos, Tostitos, Fritos, Cheetos and Sunchips. Frito-Lay has annual revenues of approximately USD 18 billion and employs roughly 69,000 people.

© Copyright IBM Corporation 2022. IBM Corporation, IBM Garage, New Orchard Road, Armonk, NY 10504

Produced in the United States of America, January 2022.

IBM, the IBM logo, ibm.com, IBM Garage, and IBM iX and are trademarks of International Business Machines Corp., registered in many jurisdictions worldwide. Other product and service names might be trademarks of IBM or other companies. A current list of IBM trademarks is available on the web at www.ibm.com/legal/copytrade .

This document is current as of the initial date of publication and may be changed by IBM at any time. Not all offerings are available in every country in which IBM operates.

The performance data and client examples cited are presented for illustrative purposes only. Actual performance results may vary depending on specific configurations and operating conditions. THE INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND ANY WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF NON-INFRINGEMENT. IBM products are warranted according to the terms and conditions of the agreements under which they are provided.

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Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Case Study Solution

Posted by John Berg on Feb-16-2018

Introduction

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Case Study is included in the Harvard Business Review Case Study. Therefore, it is necessary to touch HBR fundamentals before starting the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision case analysis. HBR will help you assess which piece of information is relevant. Harvard Business review will also help you solve your case. Thus, HBR fundamentals assist in easily comprehending the case study description and brainstorming the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision case analysis. Also, a major benefit of HBR is that it widens your approach. HBR also brings new ideas into the picture which would help you in your Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision case analysis.

To write an effective Harvard Business Case Solution, a deep Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision case analysis is essential. A proper analysis requires deep investigative reading. You should have a strong grasp of the concepts discussed and be able to identify the central problem in the given HBR case study. It is very important to read the HBR case study thoroughly as at times identifying the key problem becomes challenging. Thus by underlining every single detail which you think relevant, you will be quickly able to solve the HBR case study as is addressed in Harvard Business Case Solution.

Problem Identification

The first step in solving the HBR Case Study is to identify the problem. A problem can be regarded as a difference between the actual situation and the desired situation. This means that to identify a problem, you must know where it is intended to be. To do a Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision case study analysis and a financial analysis, you need to have a clear understanding of where the problem currently is about the perceived problem.

For effective and efficient problem identification,

• A multi-source and multi-method approach should be adopted.
• The problem identified should be thoroughly reviewed and evaluated before continuing with the case study solution.
• The problem should be backed by sufficient evidence to make sure a wrong problem isn't being worked upon.

Problem identification, if done well, will form a strong foundation for your Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Case Study. Effective problem identification is clear, objective, and specific. An ambiguous problem will result in vague solutions being discovered. It is also well-informed and timely. It should be noted that the right amount of time should be spent on this part. Spending too much time will leave lesser time for the rest of the process.

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Case Analysis

Once you have completed the first step which was problem identification, you move on to developing a case study answers. This is the second step which will include evaluation and analysis of the given company. For this step, tools like SWOT analysis, Porter's five forces analysis for Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision, etc. can be used. Porter’s five forces analysis for Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision analyses a company’s substitutes, buyer and supplier power, rivalry, etc.

To do an effective HBR case study analysis, you need to explore the following areas:

1. Company history:

The Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision case study consists of the history of the company given at the start. Reading it thoroughly will provide you with an understanding of the company's aims and objectives. You will keep these in mind as any Harvard Business Case Solutions you provide will need to be aligned with these.

2. Company growth trends:

This will help you obtain an understanding of the company's current stage in the business cycle and will give you an idea of what the scope of the solution should be.

3. Company culture:

Work culture in a company tells a lot about the workforce itself. You can understand this by going through the instances involving employees that the HBR case study provides. This will be helpful in understanding if the proposed case study solution will be accepted by the workforce and whether it will consist of the prevailing culture in the company.

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Financial Analysis

The third step of solving the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Case Study is Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Financial Analysis. You can go about it in a similar way as is done for a finance and accounting case study. For solving any Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision case, Financial Analysis is of extreme importance. You should place extra focus on conducting Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision financial analysis as it is an integral part of the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Case Study Solution. It will help you evaluate the position of Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision regarding stability, profitability and liquidity accurately. On the basis of this, you will be able to recommend an appropriate plan of action. To conduct a Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision financial analysis in excel,

• Past year financial statements need to be extracted.
• Liquidity and profitability ratios to be calculated from the current financial statements.
• Ratios are compared with the past year Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision calculations
• Company’s financial position is evaluated.

Another way how you can do the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision financial analysis is through financial modelling. Financial Analysis through financial modelling is done by:

• Using the current financial statement to produce forecasted financial statements.
• A set of assumptions are made to grow revenue and expenses.
• Value of the company is derived.

Financial Analysis is critical in many aspects:

• Decision Making and Strategy Devising to achieve targeted goals- to determine the future course of action.
• Getting credit from suppliers depending on the leverage position- creditors will be confident to supply on credit if less company debt.
• Influence on Investment Decisions- buying and selling of stock by investors.

Thus, it is a snapshot of the company and helps analysts assess whether the company's performance has improved or deteriorated. It also gives an insight about its expected performance in future- whether it will be going concern or not. Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Financial analysis can, therefore, give you a broader image of the company.

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision NPV

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision's calculations of ratios only are not sufficient to gauge the company performance for investment decisions. Instead, investment appraisal methods should also be considered. Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision NPV calculation is a very important one as NPV helps determine whether the investment will lead to a positive value or a negative value. It is the best tool for decision making.

There are many benefits of using NPV:

• It takes into account the future value of money, thereby giving reliable results.
• It considers the cost of capital in its calculations.
• It gives the return in dollar terms simplifying decision making.

The formula that you will use to calculate Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision NPV will be as follows:

Present Value of Future Cash Flows minus Initial Investment

Present Value of Future cash flows will be calculated as follows:

PV of CF= CF1/(1+r)^1 + CF2/(1+r)^2 + CF3/(1+r)^3 + …CFn/(1+r)^n

where CF = cash flows r = cost of capital n = total number of years.

Cash flows can be uniform or multiple. You can discount them by Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision WACC as the discount rate to arrive at the present value figure. You can then use the resulting figure to make your investment decision. The decision criteria would be as follows:

• If Present Value of Cash Flows is greater than Initial Investment, you can accept the project.
• If Present Value of Cash Flows is less than Initial Investment, you can reject the project.

Thus, calculation of Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision NPV will give you an insight into the value generated if you invest in Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision. It is a very reliable tool to assess the feasibility of an investment as it helps determine whether the cash flows generated will help yield a positive return or not.

However, it would be better if you take various aspects under consideration. Thus, apart from Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision’s NPV, you should also consider other capital budgeting techniques like Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision’s IRR to evaluate and fine-tune your investment decisions.

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision DCF

Once you are done with calculating the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision NPV for your finance and accounting case study, you can proceed to the next step, which involves calculating the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision DCF. Discounted cash flow (DCF) is a Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision valuation method used to estimate the value of an investment based on its future cash flows. For a better presentation of your finance case solution, it is recommended to use Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision excel for the DCF analysis.

To calculate the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision DCF analysis, the following steps are required:

• Calculate the expected future cash inflows and outflows.
• Set-off inflows and outflows to obtain the net cash flows.
• Find the present value of expected future net cash flows using a discount rate, which is usually the weighted-average cost of capital (WACC).
• If the value calculated through Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision DCF is higher than the current cost of the investment, the opportunity should be considered
• If the current cost of the investment is higher than the value calculated through DCF, the opportunity should be rejected

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision DCF can also be calculated using the following formula:

DCF= CF1/(1+r)^1 + CF2/(1+r)^2 + CF3/(1+r)^3 + …CFn/(1+r)^n

In the formula:

• CF= Cash flows
• R= discount rate (WACC)

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision WACC

When making different Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision's calculations, Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision WACC calculation is of great significance. WACC calculation is done by the capital composition of the company. The formula will be as follows:

Weighted Average Cost of Capital = % of Debt * Cost of Debt * (1- tax rate) + % of equity * Cost of Equity

You can compute the debt and equity percentage from the balance sheet figures. For the cost of equity, you can use the CAPM model. Cost of debt is usually given. However, if it isn't mentioned, you can calculate it through market weighted average debt. Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision’s WACC will indicate the rate the company should earn to pay its capital suppliers. Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision WACC can be analysed in two ways:

• From the company's perspective, it can be analysed as the cost to be paid to the capital providers also known as Cost of Capital
• From an investor' perspective, if the expected return on the investment exceeds Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision WACC, the investor will go ahead with the investment as a positive value would be generated.

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision IRR

After calculating the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision WACC, it is necessary to calculate the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision IRR as well, as WACC alone does not say much about the company’s overall situation. Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision IRR will add meaning to the finance solution that you are working on. The internal rate of return is a tool used in investment appraisal to calculate the profitability of prospective investments. IRR calculations are dependent on the same formula as Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision NPV.

There are two ways to calculate the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision IRR.

• By using a Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Excel Spreadsheet: There are in-built formulae for calculating IRR.

IRR= R + [NPVa / (NPVa - NPVb) x (Rb - Ra)]

In this formula:

• Ra= lower discount rate chosen
• Rb= higher discount rate chosen
• NPVa= NPV at Ra
• NPVb= NPV at Rb

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision IRR impacts your finance case solution in the following ways:

• If IRR>WACC, accept the alternative
• If IRR<WACC, reject the alternative

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Excel Spreadsheet

All your Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision calculations should be done in a Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision xls Spreadsheet. A Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision excel spreadsheet is the best way to present your finance case solution. The Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Calculations should be presented in Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision excel in such a way that the analysis and results can be distinguished to the viewers. The point of Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision excel is to present large amounts of data in clear and consumable ways. Presenting your data is also going to make sure that you don't have misinterpretations of the data.

To make your Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision calculations sheet more meaningful, you should:

• Think about the order of the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision xls worksheets in your finance case solution
• Use more Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision xls worksheets and tables as will divide the data that you are looking at in sections.
• Choose clarity overlooks
• Keep your timeline consistent
• Organise the information flow
• Clarify your sources

The following tips and bits should be kept in mind while preparing your finance case solution in a Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision xls spreadsheet:

• Avoid using fixed numbers in formulae
• Avoid hiding data
• Useless and meaningful colours, such as highlighting negative numbers in red
• Label column and rows
• Correct your alignment
• Keep formulae readable
• Strategically freeze header column and row

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Ratio analysis

After you have your Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision calculations in a Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision xls spreadsheet, you can move on to the next step which is ratio analysis. Ratio analysis is an analysis of information in the form of figures contained in the financial statements of a company. It will help you evaluate various aspects of a company's operating and financial performance which can be done in Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Excel.

To conduct a ratio analysis that covers all financial aspects, divide the analysis as follows:

• Liquidity Ratios: Liquidity ratios gauge a company's ability to pay off its short-term debt. These include the current ratio, quick ratio, and working capital ratio.
• Solvency ratios: Solvency ratios match a company's debt levels with its assets, equity, and earnings. These include the debt-equity ratio, debt-assets ratio, and interest coverage ratio.
• Profitability Ratios: These show how effectively a company can generate profits through its operations. Profit margin, return on assets, return on equity, return on capital employed, and gross margin ratio is examples of profitability ratios.
• Efficiency ratios: Efficiency ratios analyse how efficiently a company uses its assets and liabilities to boost sales and increase profits.
• Coverage Ratios: These ratios measure a company's ability to make the interest payments and other obligations associated with its debts. Examples include times interest earned ratio and debt-service coverage ratio.
• Market Prospect Ratios: These include dividend yield, P/E ratio, earnings per share, and dividend payout ratio.

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Valuation

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Valuation is a very fundamental requirement if you want to work out your Harvard Business Case Solution. Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Valuation includes a critical analysis of the company's capital structure – the composition of debt and equity in it, and the fair value of its assets. Common approaches to Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision valuation include

• DDM is an appropriate method if dividends are being paid to shareholders and the dividends paid are in line with the earnings of the company.
• FCFF is used when the company has a combination of debt and equity financing.
• FCFE, on the other hand, shows the cash flow available to equity holders only.

These three methods explained above are very commonly used to calculate the value of the firm. Investment decisions are undertaken by the value derived.

Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision calculations for projected cash flows and growth rates are taken under consideration to come up with the value of firm and value of equity. These figures are used to determine the net worth of the business. Net worth is a very important concept when solving any finance and accounting case study as it gives a deep insight into the company's potential to perform in future.

Alternative Solutions

After doing your case study analysis, you move to the next step, which is identifying alternative solutions. These will be other possibilities of Harvard Business case solutions that you can choose from. For this, you must look at the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision case analysis in different ways and find a new perspective that you haven't thought of before.

Once you have listed or mapped alternatives, be open to their possibilities. Work on those that:

• need additional information
• are new solutions
• can be combined or eliminated

After listing possible options, evaluate them without prejudice, and check if enough resources are available for implementation and if the company workforce would accept it.

For ease of deciding the best Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision case solution, you can rate them on numerous aspects, such as:

• Feasibility
• Suitability
• Flexibility

Implementation

Once you have read the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision HBR case study and have started working your way towards Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Case Solution, you need to be clear about different financial concepts. Your Mondavi case answers should reflect your understanding of the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Case Study.

You should be clear about the advantages, disadvantages and method of each financial analysis technique. Knowing formulas is also very essential or else you will mess up with your analysis. Therefore, you need to be mindful of the financial analysis method you are implementing to write your Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision case study solution. It should closely align with the business structure and the financials as mentioned in the Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision case memo.

You can also refer to Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Harvard case to have a better understanding and a clearer picture so that you implement the best strategy. There are a number of benefits if you keep a wide range of financial analysis tools at your fingertips.

• Your Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision HBR Case Solution would be quite accurate
• You will have an option to choose from different methods, thus helping you choose the best strategy.

Recommendation and Action Plan

Once you have successfully worked out your financial analysis using the most appropriate method and come up with Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision HBR Case Solution, you need to give the final finishing by adding a recommendation and an action plan to be followed. The recommendation can be based on the current financial analysis. When making a recommendation,

• You need to make sure that it is not generic and it will help in increasing company value
• It is in line with the case study analysis you have conducted
• The Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision calculations you have done support what you are recommending
• It should be clear, concise and free of complexities

Also, adding an action plan for your recommendation further strengthens your Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision HBR case study argument. Thus, your action plan should be consistent with the recommendation you are giving to support your Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision financial analysis. It is essential to have all these three things correlated to have a better coherence in your argument presented in your case study analysis and solution which will be a part of Frito-Lay Inc The Backhaul Decision Case Answer.

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Frito-Lay North America: The Making of a Net Zero Snack Chip Harvard Case Solution & Analysis

Home >> Harvard Case Study Analysis Solutions >> Frito-Lay North America: The Making of a Net Zero Snack Chip

Frito-Lay North America: The Making of a Net Zero Snack Chip Case Study Solution

Low return on investment and delayed payback period of already existing energy projects are the foremost weaknesses of FLNA that must be take into account prior piloting the novice plan to reduce emission of GHG. Confined approach to international market to hunt high level talent due to limited budget is another noticeable drawback of FLNA.

Opportunities

Rising consumer purchasing power is one of the most superior opportunities that can assist the FLNA to sell its net zero based produced product in the market. Changing consumer behavior given the environmental issues also encourages the Frito lay to adopt such patterns that are environment friendly.Adding to this, growing conformity with Artificial Intelligence would not only support in forecasting consumer demand, catering of the grid market but also enhance the scope of testing net zero facility decision at Casa Grande. At the end inclining globalization also provide a platform to the firm to market its unique product internationally and it also can reduce the procurement cost of numerous material use in a manufacturing process.

Sticky prices culture in the industry is one of the dreadful threat as company cannot implement any such plan that can cause higher production cost which ultimately increases the sale prices. Due to cut-throat competition it is difficult to be cost efficient while projecting any state-of-the- art facility plan. Increasing consumers and buyers bargaining power is another threat for the FLNA. Adding to this threat of new entrants owing to reduced red-tapism cannot be over sighted. Lastly, trade conflict between U.S. and China is an issue that must be addressed because this trade tension increases not only labor cost but also circumscribes the entry of FLNA into China-the second largest consumer in the world.

Evaluation of Projected Greenhouse Gas Emissions

According to Al Halverson and his resource conservation team, the net zero model will give the projected 75% reduction in water usage and 80% in the natural gas production along with the 90% reduction in electricity usage. Detailed analysis had been done one by one through the usage of electricity and natural gas to identify the projected emission of greenhouse gases. Tables provided in exhibit 3 and 4 indicates the view point that the emission of greenhouse gasses, from both sources, shows very slowly increasing trend. This shows that net zero model provides with its usual results but fails to increase its percentage change from year to year ultimately increase in operating cost. Utility expenses will increase in future, ultimately effect the prices of water, natural gas and electricity due to increasing inflation rate. These all sources were used for emission of CO 2

Alternatives

Alternative-1: revision of net zero model.

First alternative solution which Frito lay can adopt is to revise it overall net zero model. Revision of net zero model will eventually identify the weak points lie in the previous strategy. This alternatives will provide the following advantages to Frito lay:

• This alternative is very useful in term of costing. Revision of the same model will not result in additional cost required. If company choice to use the different model, it will definitely require some additional cost.
• Greenhouse is become one of the greatest source for healthy environment in this technological world. Adopting Net Zero model again will affect the green houses and eventually cause in decrease of it.
• In US, government has imposed many restrictions to the companies regarding the healthy environment. This alternative helps the companies for fulfilling its legal requirements and provide an over hand from other companies.
• Revision in same model will require less cost and ultimately cause firm in completing its social responsibility.
• This option will help to avert he failure of model, Hence cause to save its sunk cost.
• This option will not only helps in saving its additional cost requirement but also helps in time saving.

Considering the advantages associated with first alternative, this option will also cause in some major disadvantages:

• This may again cause in failure of the same model, despite investing more in this model.
• This alternative will require more additional cost that eventually cause in extensive cost and wastage of already invested cost.
• This alternative will require additional research requirements to improve model.

Alternative-2: Using Renewable Energy Resources

Second alternative which is suggested is that to use the renewable energy sources instead of Net Zero model. Renewable energy now a days is considered as major source in reducing the unhealthy gases. This alternative will provide the following benefits:

• This alternative will provide potential decline in greenhouse gases which impacted the society.
• This alternative not only fulfil the social responsibility but also helps in fulfilling the legal and political requirements of the company.
• Second alternative will helps the company to fulfillment its social responsibilities imposed for the government for the well being of society.
• Second alternative not only provides the company many benefits but also impacted with some disadvantages:
• Second alternative will require huge additional cost for planting the renewable energy resources.
• This alternative will eventually results in wasting the previously invested money in Net Zero model cause this investment as Sunk cost.
• This alternative will not only require huge investment but also cause in consuming more time with more efforts.
• This alternative has chances of losses because it will be a new project to install with no experience. This is time consuming process.

Alternative-3: Shifting of Manufacturing Plant

Another option which Frito lay can use to shift its plant in different countries with potential attracting more customers. Frito lay can shift its manufacturing plant to the countries where rules and regulations regarding the greenhouse gases is low. This alternative will eventually results in following benefits:

• Third alternative will helps the company to save the political and legal threat imposed from the government. Legal rules regarding the green hose gases is minimize in other countries as compare to the US government.
• Decline in labor cost. This alternative will not only helps in reducing the political and legal threat but also helps in identifying the countries where labor cost is less eventually helps in decreasing the its operating cost.

This alternative not only entertain the company with benefits but also cause some disadvantages:

• Shifting the manufacturing plant in other country will require huge investments and more experience with some effective strategy.
• Different countries have different political and legal structure along with different investment structures. This alternative require huge investment with different political scenario.
• This alternative require huge experience to plant the manufacturing plant in some other countries along with knowing the background and cultures of societies.
• This alternative will eventually cause in losing the Potential US markets.

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Frito-lay, inc.: a strategic transition--1987-89 case study analysis & solution, harvard business case studies solutions - assignment help.

Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition--1987-89 is a Harvard Business (HBR) Case Study on Technology & Operations , Fern Fort University provides HBR case study assignment help for just $11. Our case solution is based on Case Study Method expertise & our global insights.

Technology & Operations Case Study | Authors :: Lynda M. Applegate

Case study description.

Describes the actions taken by the new CEO to return the company to profitability, to clarify the vision, and then to build the infrastructure (human, capital, and information) needed to support the long-term change in strategy and organization. Ends with senior management poised to institute a second round of organizational change initiatives--this time more radical in nature. Provides a rich description of the evolutionary nature of the vision for change and the development of the organizational and information infrastructure needed to support it. Students have an opportunity to define a detailed change agenda (e.g., specific changes in organization structure, management systems, people, processes, and information) and the actions needed to implement it.

IT, Strategy execution

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[10 Steps] Case Study Analysis & Solution

Step 1 - reading up harvard business review fundamentals on the technology & operations.

Even before you start reading a business case study just make sure that you have brushed up the Harvard Business Review (HBR) fundamentals on the Technology & Operations. Brushing up HBR fundamentals will provide a strong base for investigative reading. Often readers scan through the business case study without having a clear map in mind. This leads to unstructured learning process resulting in missed details and at worse wrong conclusions. Reading up the HBR fundamentals helps in sketching out business case study analysis and solution roadmap even before you start reading the case study. It also provides starting ideas as fundamentals often provide insight into some of the aspects that may not be covered in the business case study itself.

Step 2 - Reading the Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition--1987-89 HBR Case Study

To write an emphatic case study analysis and provide pragmatic and actionable solutions, you must have a strong grasps of the facts and the central problem of the HBR case study. Begin slowly - underline the details and sketch out the business case study description map. In some cases you will able to find the central problem in the beginning itself while in others it may be in the end in form of questions. Business case study paragraph by paragraph mapping will help you in organizing the information correctly and provide a clear guide to go back to the case study if you need further information. My case study strategy involves -

• Marking out the protagonist and key players in the case study from the very start.
• Drawing a motivation chart of the key players and their priorities from the case study description.
• Refine the central problem the protagonist is facing in the case and how it relates to the HBR fundamentals on the topic.
• Evaluate each detail in the case study in light of the HBR case study analysis core ideas.

Step 3 - Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition--1987-89 Case Study Analysis

Once you are comfortable with the details and objective of the business case study proceed forward to put some details into the analysis template. You can do business case study analysis by following Fern Fort University step by step instructions -

• Company history is provided in the first half of the case. You can use this history to draw a growth path and illustrate vision, mission and strategic objectives of the organization. Often history is provided in the case not only to provide a background to the problem but also provide the scope of the solution that you can write for the case study.
• HBR case studies provide anecdotal instances from managers and employees in the organization to give a feel of real situation on the ground. Use these instances and opinions to mark out the organization's culture, its people priorities & inhibitions.
• Make a time line of the events and issues in the case study. Time line can provide the clue for the next step in organization's journey. Time line also provides an insight into the progressive challenges the company is facing in the case study.

Step 4 - SWOT Analysis of Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition--1987-89

Once you finished the case analysis, time line of the events and other critical details. Focus on the following -

• Zero down on the central problem and two to five related problems in the case study.
• Do the SWOT analysis of the Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition--1987-89 . SWOT analysis is a strategic tool to map out the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats that a firm is facing.
• SWOT analysis and SWOT Matrix will help you to clearly mark out - Strengths Weakness Opportunities & Threats that the organization or manager is facing in the Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition--1987-89
• SWOT analysis will also provide a priority list of problem to be solved.
• You can also do a weighted SWOT analysis of Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition--1987-89 HBR case study.

Step 5 - Porter 5 Forces / Strategic Analysis of Industry Analysis Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition--1987-89

In our live classes we often come across business managers who pinpoint one problem in the case and build a case study analysis and solution around that singular point. Business environments are often complex and require holistic solutions. You should try to understand not only the organization but also the industry which the business operates in. Porter Five Forces is a strategic analysis tool that will help you in understanding the relative powers of the key players in the business case study and what sort of pragmatic and actionable case study solution is viable in the light of given facts.

Step 6 - PESTEL, PEST / STEP Analysis of Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition--1987-89

Another way of understanding the external environment of the firm in Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition--1987-89 is to do a PESTEL - Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental & Legal analysis of the environment the firm operates in. You should make a list of factors that have significant impact on the organization and factors that drive growth in the industry. You can even identify the source of firm's competitive advantage based on PESTEL analysis and Organization's Core Competencies.

Step 7 - Organizing & Prioritizing the Analysis into Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition--1987-89 Case Study Solution

Once you have developed multipronged approach and work out various suggestions based on the strategic tools. The next step is organizing the solution based on the requirement of the case. You can use the following strategy to organize the findings and suggestions.

• Build a corporate level strategy - organizing your findings and recommendations in a way to answer the larger strategic objective of the firm. It include using the analysis to answer the company's vision, mission and key objectives , and how your suggestions will take the company to next level in achieving those goals.
• Business Unit Level Solution - The case study may put you in a position of a marketing manager of a small brand. So instead of providing recommendations for overall company you need to specify the marketing objectives of that particular brand. You have to recommend business unit level recommendations. The scope of the recommendations will be limited to the particular unit but you have to take care of the fact that your recommendations are don't directly contradict the company's overall strategy. For example you can recommend a low cost strategy but the company core competency is design differentiation.
• Case study solutions can also provide recommendation for the business manager or leader described in the business case study.

Step 8 -Implementation Framework

The goal of the business case study is not only to identify problems and recommend solutions but also to provide a framework to implement those case study solutions. Implementation framework differentiates good case study solutions from great case study solutions. If you able to provide a detailed implementation framework then you have successfully achieved the following objectives -

• Detailed understanding of the case,
• Clarity of HBR case study fundamentals,
• Analyzed case details based on those fundamentals and
• Developed an ability to prioritize recommendations based on probability of their successful implementation.

Implementation framework helps in weeding out non actionable recommendations, resulting in awesome Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition--1987-89 case study solution.

Step 9 - Take a Break

Once you finished the case study implementation framework. Take a small break, grab a cup of coffee or whatever you like, go for a walk or just shoot some hoops.

Step 10 - Critically Examine Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition--1987-89 case study solution

After refreshing your mind, read your case study solution critically. When we are writing case study solution we often have details on our screen as well as in our head. This leads to either missing details or poor sentence structures. Once refreshed go through the case solution again - improve sentence structures and grammar, double check the numbers provided in your analysis and question your recommendations. Be very slow with this process as rushing through it leads to missing key details. Once done it is time to hit the attach button.

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Frito-Lay Inc.: The Backhaul Decision

Subjects Covered Deregulation Logistics

by Janice H. Hammond, John E.P. Morrison

Source: Harvard Business School

28 pages. Publication Date: Apr 08, 1988. Prod. #: 688104-PDF-ENG

Frito-Lay, Inc.: The Backhaul Decision Harvard Case Study Solution and HBR and HBS Case Analysis

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Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition (D) PESTEL Analysis

MBA Case Pro Case Study Solution | Term Papers | Essays | Assignment

M BA case pro PESTEL Analysis of case study "Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition (D)" includes 6 parts - Political Factors, Economic Factors, Social Factors, Technological Factors, Environmental Factors, and Legal Factors. Case Study "Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition (D)" is written - Lynda M. Applegate, Melinda B. Conrad, Charles Osborn.

Technology & Operations Case Study Solution

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