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What Is a Cover Letter?

Understanding cover letters, types of cover letters, how to write a cover letter, tips for writing a cover letter.

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What Is a Cover Letter? Types and How To Write One

A cover letter is a written document commonly submitted with a job application outlining the applicant's credentials and interest in the open position. Since a cover letter is often one of only two documents sent to a potential employer, a well- or poorly-written letter can impact whether the applicant is called for an interview .

Key Takeaways

A cover letter is commonly submitted with a job application explaining the applicant's credentials and interest in the position.
A good cover letter complements the resume and explains why the candidate is the ideal person for the job.
Common cover letter mistakes can sink a job applicant.

Investopedia / Joules Garcia

Most job postings are done online and no longer require a physical application. Instead, applicants send companies a copy of their resume along with a cover letter either by email or with a hard copy through the mail. A resume offers a glimpse into the professional and academic experience of a potential employee. The cover letter, on the other hand, acts as an introduction written by the candidate to express their interest in the position and what makes them the best fit for the job.

A good cover letter complements a resume by expanding on items relevant to the job. In essence, it's a sales pitch that describes why the applicant is the best person for the position. Career experts advise job seekers to spend time customizing each cover letter for the particular position, rather than using a generic missive. Although this requires extra effort, it can be very helpful in allowing an applicant to stand out above the competition.

The cover letter provides information to the employer about who the candidate is as a professional and as a person. This includes their areas of interest, professional goals, knowledge, skills they've gained over the years, achievements, passions, and aspirations. The cover letter should be a one-page document that provides a clear and concise idea about why the candidate is the best person for the job . It should also highlight the cultural fit.

While there is no set template for a cover letter, the type of letter that you write will depend on the requirements of each individual company or employer. The information that is included in a cover letter will vary depending on the goals and purpose of your application.

An application cover letter is the most familiar type of cover letter. This is generally written in response to a vacancy that is posted on a company's website or a job board. In addition to answering any specific questions posted in the job ad, it may also highlight any experience or skills that are suitable for the position.
A referral cover letter is similar to an application letter, but it includes the name of a colleague or employee who recommended the applicant for the open position. A strong referral can help you stand out against other applicants.
A prospecting cover letter , also known as a letter of interest, is written by a job seeker and addressed to a company where they would like to work. However, it is not aimed at a specific role or vacancy. Instead, this type of letter inquires about open positions in general and may highlight any special skills that make the writer suitable for the company.

When employers post a job ad that requires a cover letter, they may specify certain requirements for the cover letter to address. For example, they may require applicants to answer certain questions, or to respect a certain word limit. It is important to follow these requirements, as they reflect on the applicant's ability to understand and follow directions.

If the employer does not set any expectations, a typical cover letter should be about a page or less, and may include a formal greeting, contact information, and links to the applicant's portfolio or work. It should highlight any special skills, and explain why you would be a good fit for the position. This is your chance to impress the employer: Even if your resume does not have everything an employer wants, a well-written cover letter can make the applicant stand out from the crowd.

However, it is possible to include too much information. Most employers will simply glance at the majority of their cover letters, and a long-winded essay might end up at the bottom of the pile. A few short paragraphs explaining your skills, and why you chose that specific employer, should be enough to put your best foot forward.

Writing a cover letter doesn't have to be tedious—even though it may seem like it's a chore. Here are a few simple tips you may want to consider when composing your cover letter:

Personalize your letter for each role. Never use a generic cover letter. This means you have to write a new one for each position. Be sure to include your strengths and skills, and explain why you’re the perfect candidate.
Include contact information. If the posting doesn't include the hiring manager's name, call the company , or check its website. Including this person's name gives your letter a proper greeting and also shows you have initiative. And don't forget to add your contact information, too. This is important if your resume gets separated from your cover letter.
Simplify your letter. Communicate clearly and concisely. Using complex words and sentences would most certainly fail to convey your intentions with the company and the person reading the letter probably won't bother with the rest of your application.
Be specific when needed. Don't rehash your resume, so be sure to quantify your accomplishments. For instance, expand on your marketing experience in your cover letter by saying you brought in 200 additional clients each month and increased revenue to $10,000. This can set you apart from candidates with vague personal details.
Proofread. After you’ve written the letter, go over it a few times to ensure there are no errors. Then ask someone else to do a once-over and recommend any changes you may need to make.

A simple, focused cover letter without any typos or grammatical errors will get you noticed by potential employers.

A perfect resume can often be sabotaged by a poorly thought-out cover letter or one that is laden with mistakes. Whether you include the letter as per required submission guidelines, or you simply want to emphasize your interest in the job, make sure you avoid making these blunders.

Names matter. This includes the name of the hiring manager, the company, and yes, even yours. Make sure you have the right names and the correct spelling. And don't forget to change the names if you're using the same cover letter for multiple jobs.
Restating your resume. Since the cover letter is used to identify your skills and explain how your previous experience is applicable to the desired position, don't restate the stuff on your resume. Remember, the cover letter should complement your resume, not just summarize it.
Keep your letter tight. Recruiters often go through hundreds of applications and don't have time to read through a three-page missive. The absolute maximum length for a cover letter should be one page, with a few concise paragraphs.
Omit unnecessary details. Stay on topic. There's no need to mention your graphic-design skills if you're applying for an accounting position. It's a good idea to leave out personal things like your IQ, recreational accomplishments, interests, and hobbies. That is unless they relate to the job or company.
Avoid sounding arrogant. Ensure your cover letter does not make you appear arrogant . While the cover letter is about you and your accomplishments, find a way of saying "I'm the best" without actually saying it. Avoid overusing words like "I," "me," or "my."
Remember that spelling counts. Typos and grammatical errors can show you didn't bother to proofread your own letter. And make sure to be consistent—don't convey a dash with "--" in one place and "—" in another.
Design matters : with the proliferation of publishing, design trends, and software, candidates have become creative in making their cover letter stand out from a design perspective. Make sure your cover letter projects your personality in terms of design while remaining professional. That is personal signature and branding.

How Long Should a Cover Letter Be?

According to Indeed , a leading job-seeking site, a typical cover letter should be about three or four paragraphs long and highlight any special experience or achievements that make the applicant exceptionally well-suited to the position.

How Do You Start a Cover Letter?

A cover letter should start with a formal greeting, preferably addressed to the hiring manager. If you do not know who will be reading your cover letter, a generic "to whom it may concern" is an acceptable, albeit old-fashioned, way to address a cover letter. It is also acceptable to address the letter to a title, such as "Dear Hiring Manager," or "Dear Talent Acquisition Team."

What Should a Cover Letter Contain?

An effective cover letter should highlight the applicant's skills, experience, and any achievements that make them a good fit for their prospective employer. It is also a good chance to mention anything that is not included in the resume: For example, if an applicant is drawn to a certain employer because they love a certain product, the cover letter is a great place to mention it. Make sure your cover letter also includes your name and contact information.

In a competitive jobs market, an effective cover letter is one way to make a job application stand out. This is a chance for an applicant to demonstrate why they think they would be a good fit. However, a poorly-written or meandering cover letter can hurt an application more than it helps.

Harvard Extension School. " Resources and Cover Letters: An Extension School Resource ," Pages 3 and 5.

Harvard Extension School. " Resources and Cover Letters: An Extension School Resource ," Page 5.

Jobscan. " Cover Letter Formats ."

Indeed. " What Is a Cover Letter? "

Indeed. " How to Address a Cover Letter (With Examples). "

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What Is a Cover Letter and How to Write One? (Expert Guide)

A cover letter is an integral part of the job search process . Often, a good cover letter is what gets you the job. However, not many people know how to write a good one. Some may not even know what a purpose of a cover letter is.

In this expert guide, you can find not only a definition of what is a cover letter and how to write a good cover letter, but also tips on how to structure it and send it. Finally, get inspired by the examples, that our experts prepared for you.

Keep on reading and you will also learn:

why do you need a cover letter;
what types of cover letters exist;
the difference between a cover letter and a letter of interest;
the difference between a cover letter and a motivation letter;

Find out your resume score!

What is a cover letter (Definition + Purpose + Types)

The purpose of a cover letter is to introduce yourself to your future potential employer.

A cover letter illustrates your background and explains why the offered position would be a good fit for you. In a cover letter, you have a unique chance to present yourself, show your personality, and add details that one cannot fit into a structured resume.

In addition, with your cover letter, you can also make up for the lack of previous experience. That is if you can make your enthusiasm and positive qualities shine through.

Over the years the importance of a cover letter grew significantly, and a cover letter became a standardized part of the process of a job application.

With the highly competitive job market, a resume alone – no matter how strong – is simply not enough to get hired. In fact, in 45% of cases, the reason for not being called to an interview is a missing cover letter.

What is the difference between a cover letter and a letter of interest?

While the cover letter and a letter of interest are rather similar, there is a subtle difference between these two. Based on the specific circumstances in which you find yourself, you can decide which one is the right one to write.

A letter of interest is commonly used in situations when there is NO specific job opening. You send a letter of interest when you find a company interesting, and you believe you would fit in well. However , you are not applying for a concrete job position. Therefore, you can write about your skills and professional experiences more broadly so you can make yourself available to a wider range of possible positions . Furthermore, in a letter of interest, you can always politely request an interview.
A cover letter is a response to a concrete job opening. Therefore, you focus on a more limited set of qualities that would make you the perfect candidate for this specific role.

Moreover, a cover letter always comes hand in hand with a resume. Because of that, a cover letter should always mention your CV and match it. In a cover letter, you can also elaborate on the information, which is already listed in your resume.

If you want to learn how to write a good resume, have a look at our ultimate resume guide . You can even turn your LinkedIn profile into a polished resume .

What is the difference between a cover letter and a motivation letter?

If you are deciding whether to write a cover letter or a motivation letter , it is again important to look at the situation in which you find yourself.

One writes a motivation letter when applying for a study program, a university placement, or a volunteering position. In a motivation letter, you should first and foremost focus on expressing your enthusiasm. Moreover, in a motivation letter, you can put the focus on your personality and on what makes you unique.

In the cover letter, you are advised to do this too; however, the key thing is to demonstrate why are you the perfect fit for a specific role. A cover letter also tends to be shorter than an average motivation letter.

What are different types of cover letters?

When it comes to the cover letter itself, there are three standardized types of cover letters . Each type has a slightly different format. Therefore, it is important to correctly identify which type of cover letter you need and adjust its format accordingly.

Networking cover letter

This very specific type of cover letter is sent out to your professional network in a situation when you are looking for a job but there is no specific job opening to which you are reacting. However, you want to inform your connections that you are open to a new role.

While using your network to get a job is usually the right move, one needs to be extra careful when sending out a networking cover letter. It needs to be formulated with politeness and delicacy.

Unofficial cover letter

Sometimes, only a resume is required by the company. In this situation, it is not necessary to attach an official structured cover letter.

Nonetheless, if you want to demonstrate the depth of your interest and elaborate on your professional experience in more detail, you can always write a short, un-official, and more casual cover letter. It should not follow the strict cover letter format and it can be only around two paragraphs long.

If you want to, you can even place it in the body of an email, to which you are attaching your CV.

Application cover letter

This is the standard and most common type of cover letter. You write it when you want a specific job position for which you saw an opening.

There are several unwritten rules on how to write it. So, if you are asking what makes a good cover letter and what you should do to write one, just scroll down to the next chapter.

How to write a cover letter in 2022

Writing a good cover letter is not as hard as it may seem at first. There are a few unspoken rules that if you follow, you have a high chance of being called for an interview. All you need to know is what to include in your cover letter and how to format it.

What to include in your cover letter and what is the cover letter structure?

If you are wondering what to put in your cover letter and how to structure it, what follows is a simple step-by-step list of elements that cannot be missing from a good cover letter.

At the start of your cover letter , you should have the correct heading and contact information. Don’t forget, this is your one chance to make a good first impression. Always include:

your full name in large font as a heading. Possibly, you can also use a catchphrase, if you really want the attention of the recruiter;
follow it by contact details, such as a phone number or email;
include the information about your employer: such as the name of the recruiting person (if applicable), the name of the company, the address, phone number, and an email address;
address the cover letter to the person who is listed as a recruiter/hiring manager. If their name and contact details are not available online, go for the standard " Dear Sir/Madam" ;
don’t forget to mention how you came across the offer - their webpage, LinkedIn, or a friend who works there already;

In the body of the cover letter, write about your professional skills, past experiences, and hopes and aspirations for your professional future. Describe how your previous experiences shaped you and why does it make you the perfect fit for the job. Mention also that this job is, in exchange, a good fit for you, too.

Here, you should not exceed three paragraphs. Don't be repetitive, or too descriptive - rather demonstrate your qualities.

At the end of a cover letter, try to catch the attention of the recruiter again. Emphasize your motivation and repeat, why are you the right person for the job.

Never forget to thank the hiring manager for their time and express your high hope for hearing back from them. Mention your resume and remember to sign the letter with your full official name.

Cover letter formatting

The cover letter is usually read by the HR department. In large corporates, there are on average 250 applicants per one open position. Because of this, the hiring manager has an extremely limited time to look at your cover letter. Thanks to this, you must make sure your cover letter is simple, not too long, well-structured, and easy to read.

Your cover letter must have the correct length. A cover letter should never exceed one A4 page. At the same time, it should not be shorter than half a page. A good cover letter is 250-300 words long, with 400 words being the maximum limit.
It consists of approximately three to four paragraphs and the maximum acceptable number of paragraphs is six.
The best font to use for a cover letter is a classic, simple, and professional one. For instance, with the good-old Arial, Calibri , or Times New Roman, you can never make a mistake. However, if you work in a creative business, you can always consider using a more eye-catching design. Remember though, it should always remain easy to read and navigate.
The size of letters should be between 10.5 and 12, the margins 1 or 1.5.

If you want to have a clearer idea about how to write the perfect cover letter, have a look at this video tutorial .

How to write a cover letter with no experience

If you are in an early stage of your career and only fresh out of school, do not despair. A cover letter can be your biggest help in this situation. As opposed to your resume, in a cover letter, your positive attitude can change a lot. Make it clear how enthusiastic and eager to learn you are.

Focus on your qualities, skills, extracurricular, or volunteering experience. Possibly, you may have some related experience from your personal life. If it is truly relevant, include it, too.

How experts do it: best cover letter examples

Now that you know what a finished cover letter looks like and how to write one, you can get inspired by cover letter examples written by our experts. This will make sure that from now on you will write truly perfect cover letters.

Example 1: Cover letter for the position of nanny

Example 2: Cover letter for the position of s oftware engineer

Example 3: Cover letter for a position of marketing intern

Have a look at other cover letter examples, too. And you can have a cover letter just like this as well! Just use one of our Kickresume cover letter templates . You can choose a free or a premium one.

Tips for sending a cover letter by email

Once you have the cover letter written, it is time to hit the send. But be careful, don’t make any mistakes that could lead to your application being rejected. Here are some tips on how to send the cover letter properly via email:

Don’t forget to properly read the instructions written in the job opening. Usually, the instructions are placed at the bottom of the job advertisement. Here, one can find the name and the email address of the hiring manager who will receive the applications. Double-check the information and make sure you address the person in the email, as well as the body of the cover letter.
Do not forget to write an appropriate email subject, in which you mention the job position and the fact that you are applying for it
In the email itself, be polite and brief . Remember to mention the Cover Letter in the attachment.
Make sure your email address sounds professional . Your email must have your full name and surname in it. Nicknames, extra letters, or numbers are not recommended.
Don’t forget to attach the cover letter, and/or Resume. We have all forgotten to attach something before. However, do not let it happen in this instance – you have only one chance to make a good first impression.
Save the cover letter properly. Use a format, which is easy to open for most computers (such as .pdf). Don’t forget to name the document properly – mention your name, the position for which you are applying, and consider adding a date. Always match it with the name of your CV.
Don’t forget to thank the recruiter for their time. Politeness can get you far.
End the email with your full name and best regards. Be official and professional, this is no time for being casual.

Other cover letter tips and ideas

Make it easy to read, always. A simple and larger font, shorter sentences, and captivating beginning of paragraphs will get you far.
Put the most important information at the beginning.
Do not send the same cover letter to multiple openings. Always tailor the perfect resume for each job offer.

And there you go! Now when you know how to write the perfect cover letter. For the best result, use one of our Kickresume cover letter templates!

Kickresume wishes you the best of luck with your application. Get that dream job!

Kaja Jurčišinová

Kaja Jurcisinova is a fresh graduate and a junior copywriter at Kickresume. Kaja completed her undergraduate degree in Art History at the University of St Andrews in 2018 and graduated with a Master’s in Arts and Culture from the University of Groningen in 2021. She was an intern at multiple cultural institutions across Europe, including the Dutch Museum Association in Amsterdam, the Matter of Art Biennale in Prague, and the European Cultural Centre in Venice. At the moment, she resides in Visby on the Swedish island of Gotland.

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The Ultimate Cover Letter Writing Guide

The complete guide to writing an effective cover letter.

Certified Professional Resume Writer

Any of these sound familiar? The simple answer is yes, having an effective cover letter is completely necessary and highly recommended and we’ll tell you why you need a cover letter as well as a resume!

When you’re applying for a job, whether it be for an entry-level position after graduating or for a high-level executive vacancy with a professional resume , a cover letter is essential to make your application stand out .

Without this extra introductory letter, a resume alone could easily be discarded by a hiring manager. CareerBuilder estimates you’re 10% more likely to miss out on an opening if you don’t include a cover letter.

Writing a good cover letter it’s not a skill many many people master, but that doesn’t mean it’s an impossible feat!

With our complete cover letter guide , you’ll learn how to write a cover letter that will attract the hiring manager and convince them to read your winning resume.

What is a cover letter?

A cover letter is an extension to your job application. It is not obligatory but including a well-written cover letter is strongly advised by all human resource experts . By definition, a cover letter is an accompanying, explanatory letter.

All jobseekers need a sales pitch of sorts, they need to hook the reader and demonstrate to the hiring manager why they are the right person for the vacancy on offer. This style of self-marketing for a job application must come in the form of a winning resume and cover letter combination that complement one another.

A simple cover letter is an introduction to the candidate behind the qualifications and experience. The aim is to show a prospective employer how you can take on the role and what you can offer the company in question.

Cover letters generally follow a basic structure and can be in either hard or digital format, that is to say, either printed and sent via regular mail or as a document scanned and attached to send digitally, or written directly in an email cover letter .

Why include a cover letter on a job application?

If you want to stand any chance at all of catching the eye of a potential employer , it is imperative to include a cover letter with your job application.

Simple – even if you create an effective, outstanding resume , using all the right keywords and qualifications etc. it’s possible there are candidates more qualified than you or with more experience so it’s necessary to add a cover letter to back up your resume and allow the hiring manager to see more of your personal side that is relevant to the vacancy.

The cover letter demonstrates your communication skills.
The cover letter serves as an introduction to the resume.
The cover letter can be used to emphasize certain skills, or mention skills that you couldn’t fit on the resume (it serves as an addendum).
The cover letter is what you customize for each position, to show why you are the right person for “That” role, as opposed to the resume which stays pretty much the same for all applications.

A cover letter is the added value that you need in a job application to ensure the call-back you’ve been waiting for.

To create a unique, tailor-made job application , each candidate should use a cover letter to highlight their strengths and elaborate on relevant achievements that demonstrate their ability to take on the new responsibilities.

Is it practically always sensible and appropriate to write a cover letter to accompany a resume for a job application that should be customized for the role you’re applying to including any explanations of information that might be missing from the resume, such as employment gaps, traveling, periods of study etc.

The only time it is acceptable to not include a cover letter in your job application is if the job listing specifically requests that you do not.

Advantages of Writing a Cover Letter

A cover letter directly adds to the likelihood that you are called in for an interview and gives you a better chance of being hired .

If you’re successful in writing an effective cover letter , it will offer you the following advantages:

Hiring managers will see your added effort
Demonstrates you put in the time to learn about the company
It will add a personal touch to your application
It shows your enthusiasm for the opening
Hiring managers will become acquainted with your best qualities

Knowing exactly what is in a cover letter will ensure that it gives you a major advantage over the other applicants.

What are the 3 Types of Cover Letters?

Adding a cover letter is almost always essential, but choosing the appropriate letter will also be key. Depending on the job post you are applying for, you will need to select the best type of letter to send along with your resume.

There are 3 types of cover letters that you can send to a hiring manager. The 3 types are:

Application cover letters
Letters of Interest
Email Cover letters

The letter you write is influenced by whether you are going to apply for a job directly , citing a referral, or asking about vacancies that are not advertised.

Whatever the case may be, ensure that the cover letter is specific to the job vacancy . It’s always important to avoid making a generic cover letter for every single job you apply for.

So, what are the 3 types of cover letters you should consider sending to a job recruiter?

Application Cover Letter

This is your classic cover letter that you send to a hiring manager when you spot a company advertising a job opening. When you want to directly apply for a position, it is mandatory to send this, unless you are specifically asked not to.

Using this letter, you can mention why you want to work for a specific company and why you are the perfect candidate for the position.

Letter of Interest

Say you notice a company that you would really like to work for. It fits your sector, and you know it offers great benefits and good pay. However, you can’t find any openings that match your skill set.

If that’s the case, you don’t need to sit around and wait for the company to have a job vacancy. You can take action with a letter of interest. This type of cover letter states your interest in being employed by a company that isn’t currently advertising any vacancies.

This type of letter goes by a couple of other names, such as:

Letter of intent
Statement of interest

Of course, since there is no vacancy there is no role you can specifically mention, which is the major difference between a letter of intent and a traditional cover letter. Your objective will be to advertise yourself well enough that an employer will just have to interview you.

Email Cover Letters

Over the years, the job application process has shifted to a nearly 100% online hiring process . Due to this, it may be necessary to send your cover letter in an email as part of your job application.

While applying, there may not be an option to upload your cover letter. Or maybe you would just like to send it in the body of your email along with your resume . You can send it in one of two ways, in the body of your email or as an attachment (in PDF).

How to write a cover letter

A cover letter, although short in length generally, can take time to elaborate as it is important to get it right. Sometimes, due to the scarce space for writing, candidates find it difficult to know what to include in a cover letter and what to leave out .

However, knowing how to do a cover letter can make all the difference to your job application and be the just the thing to capture the attention of a hiring manager.

A professional cover letter should be well-formatted, following a structure with a header, an opening paragraph, a second main paragraph, a final closing paragraph and a closing with signature/electronic signature.

To begin writing a cover letter for a job application , candidates should analyze their skills, qualifications, accomplishments and experience to decide which are the most fundamental aspects to include in their personalized cover letter.

Next, each jobseeker will have to select the most job-relevant of these elements to include by comparing them with the required or desired qualifications and experience in the job description.

Finally, the applicant should choose some memorable examples which demonstrate evidence of each element included in their cover letter, aiming to tell a story which shows their aptitude concerning each skill or qualification.

Jobseekers should also ensure to explore how to make a cover letter for their specific role or industry because, similarly to resumes, each cover letter should be tailored for the vacancy and company to which it will be sent.

It is vital for candidates to consider several factors when it comes to writing their professional cover letter . A jobseeker must review their resume work history section as well as any skills and honors included to find the most pertinent experiences that can be explored further. Detailing examples of when a candidate demonstrated certain abilities or expertise is how a candidate can convince a hiring.

One way to create a winning cover letter is to use an online cover letter creator or take advantage of cover letter templates as a stepping stone as well as checking out cover letter examples that can serve as a great source of inspiration for you to make your own unique cover letter .

Our cover letter builder forms part of our resume builder and allows jobseekers to create a more complete job application. Users can write their cover letter with pro tips and design help thanks to our pre-designed templates. Read our cover letter writing guide to get to grips with cover letter writing techniques and tips before using our online cover letter builder!

How to Structure a Cover Letter

The structure and layout of a cover letter is essential to make sure the letter displays each point that you wish to get across clearly and concisely . This means it’s necessary, in general, to follow a commonly-accepted format for an effective cover letter.

Similarly to a resume format , designing and writing a cover letter has certain rules which should be adhered to in order to convey the necessary information in a brief and to the point introductory letter.

Check out some of the cover letter best practices as advised by human resources experts below:

It’s imperative to begin a cover letter with a header , including the candidate’s name and contact information as well as the date. This primary cover letter section can also include the job title, website and other relevant personal information.

Following this, the letter should include the details of the company and person to whom you are writing, with the full name, job title or team, company name and address.

The main body of a cover letter should be divided into three sections : an introduction, a bullet list of accomplishments followed by a paragraph highlighting skills, and a closing paragraph inviting the hiring manager to contact you. By using bullet points when detailing your achievements and capabilities, you can make sure that recruiters will be able to quickly pick out key information. This is especially important as studies have found that recruiters spend very little time reading each individual application.
Finally, the letter should be electronically or physically signed with your full name in a formal manner.

The universally-accepted cover letter length is no longer than one letter page, which in total has about 250-300 words for the main body of text.

Don’t repeat information or be too detailed because hiring managers simply do not have the time to read it all and will simply skip to the next one. Resumes that run over 600 words get rejected 43% faster and cover letters can easily fall into this trap too.

Keep your cover letter short and sweet and to the point!

Get more cover letter formatting advice in our guide on how to format a cover letter with tips and information about all aspects of a good cover letter structure.

Cover letter advice

The importance of including a cover letter with your job application is often overlooked by jobseekers of all categories, however this can seriously reduce your possibilities of getting an interview with a prospective employer.

Therefore you need not ask yourself when to write a cover letter because the answer is just that simple – it is always appropriate to include a cover letter in your job application , unless the listing explicitly requests that you do not.

Check out the following expert cover letter tips to create a winning cover letter that will convince the hiring manager to give you a call:

We may be quite repetitive with this one but the sheer quantity of resumes and cover letters that are disregarded simply for forgetting this vital and basic rule is incredible: USE A PROFESSIONAL EMAIL ADDRESS for your contact details and that does not include your current work email but a personal, suitable email address.
It is essential to remember to maintain your focus on the needs of the company you’re applying to and the requirements and desired abilities of the ideal candidate for the role. Do not focus on how you can benefit by becoming a member of their team, but on how the team can make the most of your experience and knowledge.
Remember to highlight your transferable skills , especially in cases where you may not meet all the required qualities in the job description such as in student resumes and cover letters.
Each cover letter for a job application, cover letters for internships , for further study or even volunteer experience should be tailored to their specific organization and position with the pertinent keywords.
Use specific examples to demonstrate the candidate’s individual capacity to take on the role and tell a story with your cover letter to convey more of your personality and passion towards the sector or profession.
Towards the end of a cover letter , each candidate should write a convincing finish to entice the hiring manager and in sales terminology “ seal the deal ”.
Finally when you have completed your polished cover letter, potentially one of the most important steps in the process is to PROOFREAD . Candidates should request that a friend, mentor, teacher or peer takes a look at their cover letter for not only grammatical and spelling errors but also any unwanted repetition or unrelated information .

Some jobseekers doubt whether a cover letter is necessary or not , but as most human resource professionals agree without a well-written cover letter, candidates lose the possibility to demonstrate different aspects of their profile from those included in their resumes which could easily be the deciding factor in your application!

An easy and fast way to write an effective cover letter for a job application is to employ an online cover letter creator that will offer advice on how to complete a cover letter with examples and HR-approved templates.

Cover Letter FAQs

What do employers look for in a cover letter, can a cover letter be two pages, what is the difference between a cover letter and a resume, should you put a photo on a cover letter.

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Career Blog

What Is a Cover Letter for a Job? Definition and Examples

A cover letter is a personalized document submitted alongside your resume or CV when applying for a job. It is designed to introduce yourself to the employer, showcase your qualifications, and establish a connection with the hiring manager.

Cover letters are crucial in the job application process, as they are the first impression you give to a potential employer. They demonstrate your communication skills, highlight your unique strengths that align with the job requirements, and show the employer that you have put in the effort to tailor your application specifically to them.

In this article, we will cover the essential elements of a cover letter, including the structure, content, and format. We’ll also provide you with tips on how to make your cover letter stand out and share specific examples that you can use as inspiration.

Specifically, we will discuss:

The purpose of a cover letter
The different types of cover letters
The structure and format of a cover letter
How to tailor your cover letter to the job and company
Tips on how to write an effective cover letter
Examples of successful cover letters

Whether you are a recent graduate or a seasoned professional, this article will provide you with the knowledge you need to create a compelling cover letter that will impress any employer. So, let’s get started!

The Definition of a Cover Letter

Defining what a cover letter is.

A cover letter is a one-page document that accompanies your resume when applying for a job. It provides a personalized introduction to the employer and serves as a sales pitch highlighting your qualifications, skills, and experience.

Explaining the Purpose of a Cover Letter

The purpose of a cover letter is to showcase your interest in the job and the company while presenting yourself as the best candidate for the position. It should not duplicate the content of your resume but rather expand on it by providing specific examples of how your skills match the job requirements.

A cover letter is also an opportunity to demonstrate your writing skills and personality. It should be carefully crafted and tailored to the employer’s needs to make a positive impression and stand out from other applicants.

Differentiating a Cover Letter from a Resume

While a resume provides a comprehensive summary of your work history, education, and achievements, a cover letter is more focused on your motivation and fit for the specific job.

A resume is typically structured in a chronological or functional format, whereas a cover letter follows a specific format with a heading, introduction, body paragraphs, and a closing.

A cover letter is an essential job application tool that complements your resume and allows you to shine as a candidate. By personalizing your application and demonstrating your fit for the job, you can increase your chances of landing an interview and securing the job you want.

The Purpose of a Cover Letter

One of the most critical components of a job application is a cover letter. It provides the candidate with an opportunity to introduce themselves and explain why they are an excellent fit for the position. The following section explores why a cover letter is essential for job seekers and highlights the benefits of including it in a job application.

Demonstrating Why a Cover Letter is Important for Job Seekers

A cover letter is the first part of your job application that a recruiter or employer will see. Therefore, it is essential to make a positive first impression. The cover letter should highlight your strengths, experiences, and qualifications that are relevant to the job description. It should be well-structured, error-free, and customized for the specific job you are applying for.

Cover letters provide the candidate with an opportunity to explain their motivation for applying for the job. They can also showcase their personality, communication skills, and writing style. A well-crafted cover letter can set the tone for the entire application and make the candidate stand out from other applicants.

Exploring the Benefits of Including a Cover Letter with a Job Application

Including a cover letter with a job application has several benefits. Firstly, it shows initiative and effort, indicating that the candidate is genuinely interested in the job. It also demonstrates attention to detail and professionalism.

A cover letter can also provide valuable insights that may not be apparent from the resume alone. It allows the candidate to elaborate on their skills and experiences, as well as to address any gaps or challenges in their career history. Additionally, a cover letter provides an opportunity to express enthusiasm for the company and the position.

Furthermore, a cover letter can help job seekers overcome potential obstacles or barriers. For instance, if the candidate is transitioning into a new career, lacks relevant experience or has gaps in employment history or has faced any limitations such as disabilities, a cover letter can be a valuable tool to address these concerns sensitively.

A cover letter is a crucial component of job seeking. It can make the difference between landing an interview and getting passed over. By demonstrating motivation, professionalism, and enthusiasm for the position, a well-crafted cover letter can set the applicant apart from the competition. Therefore, job seekers should take the time to create an outstanding cover letter that highlights their strengths and illustrates why they are the best fit for the job.

The Basic Cover Letter Format

When it comes to formatting your cover letter, it’s important to stick to a standard structure that potential employers expect to see. Here is a breakdown of the basic cover letter format:

Heading and contact information

At the very top of your cover letter, include your name, address, phone number, and email address. Next, include the date you are sending the letter and the contact information for the employer, including their name, title, company, and address.

Begin your cover letter with a salutation, such as “Dear Hiring Manager” or “Dear [employer’s name]”. It’s important to address the letter specifically to the person who will be reviewing your application.

Opening paragraph

In the opening paragraph, introduce yourself and explain why you are interested in the position. If someone referred you to the job, mention their name and connection to the employer.

Body paragraphs

The body of your cover letter should highlight your qualifications and explain why you are the best candidate for the job. Use specific examples from your work experience or education to demonstrate your skills and achievements.

Closing paragraph

In the closing paragraph, thank the employer for considering your application and express your enthusiasm for the opportunity to interview. Include your contact information again and invite the employer to contact you with any further questions.

End the letter with a professional closing, such as “Sincerely” or “Best regards”, and sign your name.

Tone and style of writing

When it comes to the tone and style of your cover letter, it’s important to strike a balance between professionalism and personality. You want to sound knowledgeable and competent, but also friendly and engaging. Here are some tips for writing an effective cover letter:

Use a conversational tone, but avoid slang or casual language.
Tailor your language to the specific job and company you are applying to. Use keywords from the job description and research the company culture to get a sense of the appropriate tone.
Show enthusiasm and passion for the job, but avoid going overboard or sounding desperate.
Be confident and assertive, but also humble and gracious.
Use examples and anecdotes to demonstrate your skills and qualifications, but avoid rambling or repeating information from your resume.

By following the basic cover letter format and using an appropriate tone and style, you can create a compelling letter that stands out to potential employers and increases your chances of landing the job.

How to Write a Cover Letter

In this section, we will provide a step-by-step guide to creating a successful cover letter.

Paragraph 1: Introduction

The first paragraph is your chance to introduce yourself to the employer and explain why you’re interested in the position. Start off with a clear and concise statement of the job you’re applying for and where you saw the opening. You can also include a sentence or two about your qualifications and why you’d be a good fit for the role. Remember to keep it brief and to the point.

Paragraph 2: Your Qualifications

In the second paragraph, highlight your qualifications and experiences that match the job description. Be specific and use examples to demonstrate your skills and achievements. This is your chance to prove that you have what it takes to succeed in the role. Make sure to use keywords from the job description to show that you understand the requirements of the position.

Paragraph 3: Your Value Proposition

The third paragraph is where you can really sell yourself. Explain what sets you apart from other applicants and why the employer should hire you. This is your opportunity to showcase your strengths and explain how you can bring value to the company. You can also use this paragraph to express your enthusiasm for the company or industry.

Paragraph 4: Call to Action

In the final paragraph, thank the employer for considering your application and reiterate your interest in the position. End with a strong call to action, such as expressing your availability for an interview or follow-up call. Remember to include your contact information, such as your phone number and email address, so the employer can easily reach you.

By following this step-by-step guide, you can create a strong and effective cover letter that will help you stand out from the competition. Keep in mind that every cover letter should be tailored to the specific job and company you’re applying to. Good luck!

Specific Details to Include in a Cover Letter

When it comes to writing a cover letter, including specific details can greatly enhance your chances of landing your dream job. Here are some examples of information that should be included in your cover letter:

Contact information: Your full name, phone number, email address, and home address. This info helps the hiring manager contact you quickly and easily.
Job reference number or title: If the job you are applying for has a reference number, include it in your cover letter. If not, it’s essential to mention the job title in your introduction.
Dates of availability: Let the hiring manager know when you’re available to start the job. This detail helps the employer to determine your readiness and to plan accordingly.

Crafting a perfect cover letter for a job isn’t just about including the necessary details. It is also essential to tailor the cover letter to the job posting and company. Here are some tips to do so.

Tips for Tailoring the Cover Letter to the Company and Job Posting

Research the company: Before writing a cover letter, research the company to understand how they operate and their values. Use this information to personalize the cover letter.
Match your skills to the job: The job posting lists the required skills and qualifications. Make sure to mention them and link them to your experience and skills.
Use the right tone of voice: The tone of the cover letter should align with the company’s values and culture. If the company is serious and formal, use a professional tone. If it’s more relaxed, your tone can be conversational.
Address the hiring manager by name: Addressing the hiring manager by name shows professionalism and interest in the job.
Highlight your achievements: In the main paragraphs of your cover letter, highlight your significant achievements that relate to the job posting.

It is essential to follow these tips to create a compelling and personalized cover letter that catches the hiring manager’s attention. By focusing on the specific information and tailoring the letter to the company, you increase your chances of standing out among the other candidates.

How to Customize a Cover Letter

When applying for a job, it’s important to customize your cover letter to the specific job posting. This helps to show your potential employer that you have a genuine interest in the position and that you understand what they’re looking for. Here are some tips on how to effectively customize your cover letter for different job postings.

1. Research the Company

Before you start writing your cover letter, it’s important to research the company you’re applying to. Look for information on their mission statement, values, and any recent news or events. This will give you a better understanding of what they’re looking for in a candidate and help you tailor your letter accordingly.

2. Use the Job Description

The job description is your guide to what the employer is looking for in a candidate. Read it carefully and make note of the qualifications, skills, and experience they’re seeking. In your cover letter, use this information to highlight your relevant experience and qualifications.

3. Show Your Enthusiasm

When customizing your cover letter, it’s important to show enthusiasm for the job and company. Use specific examples from your research and experiences to demonstrate why you’re excited about the opportunity. This can help to set you apart from other applicants and show that you’re genuinely interested in the job.

4. Address Specific Concerns

If there are any specific concerns or requirements mentioned in the job posting, make sure to address them in your cover letter. For example, if the employer is looking for someone with experience working with a certain software program, mention your experience with that program specifically.

5. Keep it Professional

While you want to customize your cover letter, it’s also important to keep it professional. Avoid using slang or overly casual language, and make sure to proofread carefully for any spelling or grammar errors.

Customizing your cover letter may take some extra time and effort, but it can make a big difference in your job search. By showing the employer that you understand their needs and are enthusiastic about the job, you’ll be more likely to stand out from other applicants and land your dream job.

Common Mistakes to Avoid in Cover Letters

In order to create an effective cover letter, it is important to understand the common mistakes that many applicants make. Here are some common mistakes to avoid:

1. Repeating Information from Your Resume

It is important to remember that your cover letter is not simply a summary of your resume. One of the biggest mistakes that applicants make is repeating information from their resume in their cover letter. Instead, use your cover letter to highlight specific achievements and experiences that demonstrate your qualifications for the position.

2. Writing a Generic Letter

Another mistake that many applicants make is writing a generic cover letter. This means that they use the same cover letter for every job application. Instead, tailor your cover letter to the specific position you are applying for. Research the company and the job requirements, and use this information to customize your letter.

3. Focusing Too Much on Yourself

While your cover letter is a chance to sell yourself, it is important to remember that the letter should focus on how you can benefit the company, not just on your own achievements. Make sure that you highlight how your skills and experience can help the company succeed.

4. Making Grammar and Spelling Mistakes

It may seem obvious, but it is important to make sure that your cover letter is free from grammar and spelling mistakes. A poorly written letter can create a negative impression and may even result in your application being rejected. Proofread your letter carefully before submitting it.

5. Failing to Follow Instructions

Many job postings include specific instructions for submitting a cover letter. Failing to follow these instructions can make a bad impression on the hiring manager. Make sure that you carefully read the job posting and follow all instructions for submitting your cover letter.

Suggestions for Avoiding These Mistakes

To avoid making these common mistakes, take the time to carefully craft your cover letter. Research the company and the position, and use this information to personalize your letter. Highlight specific achievements and experiences that demonstrate your qualifications for the job. And always proofread your letter carefully to avoid embarrassing mistakes. By putting in the effort to create a strong, tailored cover letter, you can increase your chances of standing out to potential employers.

Tips for Writing a Cover Letter

A cover letter is a crucial part of the job application process. It’s a chance to introduce yourself to the hiring manager, highlight your qualifications for the job, and express your interest in the position. To make a great first impression, it’s essential to write an exceptional cover letter.

Here are some helpful tips for writing a standout cover letter:

Do your research: Before writing your cover letter, research the company and the job you’re applying for. This will help you tailor your letter to the specific position and show the employer that you’ve done your homework.

Include a strong opening: A strong opening sentence can grab the employer’s attention and make them want to keep reading. Use an attention-grabbing phrase or statistic to start your letter.

Highlight your qualifications: Your cover letter should highlight your most relevant skills and experience for the job. Use specific examples that show how your past experience can be applied to the position you’re applying for.

Use active voice: To make your letter more engaging, use active voice rather than passive voice. This will make the letter more dynamic and show the employer that you’re confident and assertive.

Avoid clichés: Clichés like “I’m a team player” or “I’m a self-starter” are overused and don’t add anything to your letter. Instead, use specific examples to demonstrate these traits.

Be concise and to the point: Your cover letter should be one page or less and easy to read. Use short paragraphs and bullet points to break up the text and make it easy to scan.

Show enthusiasm: Your cover letter should express your interest and excitement for the job. Show the employer that you’re passionate about the position and eager to contribute to the company.

By following these best practices, you can write an outstanding cover letter that sets you apart from other applicants and impresses the employer. Remember to proofread your letter carefully and tailor it to each job you apply for. Good luck with your job search!

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How and Why to Write a Great Cover Letter

Student working in career planning guide

A cover letter is a one-page business letter that you submit when applying to a job, along with your resume. As a piece of persuasive writing, your cover letter will aim to convey to the employer why you’re a great candidate for the role.

What is the purpose of a cover letter?

Your cover letter complements your resume by making it easy for the employer to see how your experience and interest connect to the position. Your goal is to convince the employer to interview you.

With your cover letter, you’ll aim to:

Highlight your qualifications: You’ll show how your skills and experience relate to the employer’s needs for a specific position.
Showcase your motivation: You’ll demonstrate your enthusiasm for the specific position and the organization.
Reflect your voice and written communication skills: You’ll give the employer a sense of your personality and writing style.

When should I write a cover letter?

Not all jobs require cover letters. So, how do you decide whether to submit one?

Submit a Cover Letter when…

The posting explicitly requests that you do so
You’re applying to an opportunity at a mission-driven organization
You think that doing so could provide important information to the employer that they wouldn’t get from your resume

Consider Submitting a Cover Letter when…

It’s marked “optional” in an application, and you have the bandwidth to do so
You have content that you can easily recycle or repurpose into a tailored cover letter

No Need to Submit a Cover Letter when…

A posting specifically tells you not to submit one
There’s no way to submit one in an application portal, and doing so would require a serious workaround

If you’re applying to several similar opportunities, creating a draft cover letter in advance, geared toward that type of opportunity, can be a helpful way to save time in your actual application process.

How do I write a cover letter?

Your cover letter should articulate your qualifications and motivation for the position. Read the job description closely and research the organization. As you craft your cover letter, use examples that demonstrate your relevant skills, knowledge, and interests. The cover letter should be concise, clear, and well-organized.

Before Writing

Research the employer.

Learn enough about the organization to articulate why you are a strong fit for that firm.

Review the firm’s website and LinkedIn page.
Speak with current or previous employees.
Read articles and social media for current news.

Analyze the job description

Look for skills, duties, and qualifications of the job so you can design your letter to match these as much as possible.

Reflect on your experience and motivation

Identify skills and personal qualities you have developed which will be useful in this role. Ask yourself:

What attracts you about this role/company/industry?
What have you have done in your work experiences, classes, internships, activities, projects, volunteer work, travel, etc., that is similar to the duties required of the job?

Cover Letter Structure

As a business letter, the cover letter should include:

Heading: Include your name and contact information in the same format as your resume
Salutation: Address your letter to the specific individual who can hire you, if this is known. If the name is not included in the job description, address the letter to the Hiring Manager or title mentioned in the job description.
Body Paragraphs: Discuss your experiences, interests, and skills to show the employer how you can add value to their team. See the section below for more guidance.
Signature Line: Include a closing and your name.

The cover letter should be one page, about three or four paragraphs, and single spaced. Use 10-12 point font and one inch margins.

When applying online, upload your cover letter as a PDF file, unless another format is specified. When sending your resume and cover letter by email, you may write a short note or paste your cover letter in the body of your email (without the address header) and also attach the PDF file.

Cover Letter Content

Your cover letter should answer who, what, when, where and why you are applying for the opportunity.

Introduction

State the position for which you are applying. If you have a referral or spoke with someone from the company, you can mention it in the introduction. Provide some basic information about yourself; this can include your class year and what you’re studying at Columbia. Briefly outline why you’re interested in the organization and what you bring in terms of relevant experience and skills.

Body Paragraphs

These paragraphs will highlight your qualifications and strengths that are most relevant to the organization and position. Use the job posting and your research as clues to determine what the employer is seeking in a candidate. Have your resume beside you and reflect on what you want the employer to know about you. Are there experiences you want to expand upon that demonstrate your understanding of the role and ability to do the job requirements?

Structure the paragraphs based on relevance, not chronology. Lead with your most relevant skill or strongest experience.

Start each body paragraph with a clear topic sentence. This can highlight a key skill set, a transferable experience, or a core area of knowledge you’ve built through your studies. Walk the reader through a project or experience, integrating the relevant skills you used and qualities you demonstrated. Provide details about your accomplishments and impact. Connect how these experiences have prepared you for this role and why you are motivated to do this job. There is no need to apologize if you feel you lack experience; focus on the accomplishments that you have.

Recap what you would bring to the organization and your interest in the position. Thank the employer for their consideration. Keep your tone positive and enthusiastic.

Check out our example of how to structure your cover letter content .

Editing Tips

Use our Cover Letter Checklist to make sure your format and content is in line with best practices.

Ensure that the content reflects the requirements in the job description
Keep the cover letter concise, at one page or less
Correct any errors in grammar, sentence structure, and spelling
Use the active voice
Avoid beginning too many sentences with “I”

What is a Cover Letter? Definition, Structure, Purpose, Types & Meaning

In This Guide:

What is a cover letter, what is the purpose of a cover letter in a job application, what to include in a cover letter, cover letter format and layout, should you use a cover letter template or example, what is a cover letter - takeaways.

Asking yourself, “What is a cover letter?”

In this article, we break down for you the basics about cover letters, their purpose, and what to include in yours.

When you’re applying for a job, a cover letter is just as important as your resume in a lot of ways. You always want to include a cover letter when you’re submitting your resume, to personalize the facts about your work history and to tailor your application to the job.

But if you haven’t written a cover letter before, it can be intimidating to figure out what to include. Don’t worry, this expert guide boils it all down into a quick read that gives you an overview and points you in the right direction to find everything you need to know about them.

In this post, we’re going to cover:

What is a Cover Letter?
What is the Purpose of a Cover Letter in a Job Application?
What to Include in A Cover Letter

We also describe how you can lay out your cover letter to amp its impact, and we’ve even made it dead simple for you by including some perfect cover letter examples for you to check out.

A cover letter is a one-page document that you include with your resume as part of your application for a job. A good cover letter grabs a Hiring Manager’s attention and gets you to the next step of the hiring process.

While every job you apply for will have either a specific application form or will ask for a resume, not every one will ask for a cover letter. But you should always include one – it’s a game changer.

The upshot is that a resume is a summary of your work and education experience, while your cover letter adds relevant context to that experience for the specific job.

A cover letter is tailored to a specific job you’re applying for, and it highlights what your qualifications are and how they relate to that role and company. You can use it to give examples of how your experiences relate to the role and show how you’re the best person for the job.

Just as its name implies, a cover letter is written in a letter format, including a greeting, three or four body paragraphs, and a closing. Unlike a resume, your cover letter should be written in full sentences, and you want to use the first-person – “I’m writing to you today to…”.

You don’t want to just rhyme off the same things that are in your resume, though. Use your cover letter to give real life examples of how your experience, skills, or interests make you perfect for the job.

Head to our full article on the differences between a resume and a cover letter to learn more on this.

Put simply, it’s your chance to make a great first impression. It’s a tool you use to grab a hiring manager’s attention long enough that they look over your resume a bit closer and call you in for an interview.

A cover letter may not be something a job posting asks you to include, but don’t think that means you shouldn’t. A good cover letter is always a good idea, here’s why:

You can tell a story in a cover letter that dives deeper into your qualifications,
experience, and interests to show why you’re the best candidate for the job.
A lot of candidates skip writing a cover letter, so by including one you immediately put yourself ahead of the competition!
You can introduce yourself in a more personalized way and tailor your application specifically for the job.
You can add a bit of flair or personality that gets a hiring manager to ask you in for an interview
It shows that you put effort into your application, which again, puts you ahead of most of the competition.

This is just a snapshot of how a cover letter can help you. We’ve got a great article for you to look over if you want to know more about the purpose of a cover letter .

Should you send a cover letter for a job?

There is no question, yes, you should absolutely include a cover letter with your application.

We’ve done our homework on this and can tell you: a majority of hiring managers need or expect a cover letter, even if it’s not specified in the job posting.

Not only are they expected, but they’re a great tool for you too:

Explain the reasons for any work gaps
Clarify how the experience you have from other jobs applies
Show how you fit their company culture
Let them know why you’re changing jobs or fields

So, while a cover letter may not absolutely be necessary, they’re extremely useful, and always something you should take the time to write and include with your application.

Cover letters should usually include some of the same basic elements. We’ve put together a quick list below, but head over to our complete guide on what to include in your cover letter for a full explanation.

A header – This is where you’re going to include all the contact info the hiring manager is going to expect to see. You want to be sure to give them what theyère looking for.
Opening statement – You can get right to it here and make sure this is an attention grabber. Summarize your skills or experience and give them one good reason why it’s important for the job you’re applying to.
Body – This paragraph should give some more details about you personally. Employers often hire someone for who they are, not what they know; this is your time to show them you’d be a great fit on their team.
Closing and Call to Action – You want to close your cover letter with a thanks for the time they’ve taken and a professional sign-off. You should also let them know you’re eager to hear from them, and let them know to contact you to follow up.

Try to end with a great impression. It’s key that you know how to close your cover letter well to hit all the right notes.

A hiring manager takes about 7.4 seconds to look at each resume that comes across their desk, and there may be hundreds of those. A strong cover letter design can grab their attention long enough for them to set you into the callback pile instead of in the recycling bin.

We’ve put together the details on how you can really grab a recruiter’s attention with your cover letter design , but here’s the basics:

Font - Always use a standard, easy-to-read font like Times New Roman or Arial. It should be 12pt or slightly bigger.
Heading – Always use a professional format of heading, which includes your name and contact info, the date of writing, and the contact info for the person you’re writing to.
Spacing – You want to single space the body of your cover letter, but leave spaces between the heading, the greeting, each paragraph, and your sign-off.
Length – We know that it’s tempting to try to fit in as much as possible in the cover letter, but this is definitely a case of less is more. You want the content to be about half a page, so shoot for between 250-400 words.

Keeping your cover letter lean can be hard the first few times you write one. Check out our article on ideal cover letter length to get more tips on how to hit the sweet spot.

If you’re already a pro, maybe you can go it on your own and write a killer cover letter. But if this is your first cover letter, or you have any doubts, use our Cover Letter Examples to get some great ideas on how to write and format yours – we’ve got a few samples below.

Our examples cover different industries and positions, so you can fine tune the fit of your letter for exactly the job you’re applying to without trying to reinvent the wheel! Plus, these are cover letters that work to get interviews, so you can be sure you’ve got a great start.

If you want a real head start, we’ve even got a Cover Letter Templates page where you can head to get all the basics covered for you. Head there, input your specifics, and you’ll have a winning cover letter, easy-peasy.

A cover letter is a one-pager you include with a job application to dive deeper into exactly why you are the best fit for the job.
You always want to include a cover letter, even if it’s not specified in the job posting.
Hiring managers get hundreds of resumes, and they fly through them - your cover letter can and should be designed to grab their attention.
Personalize your cover letter and tailor it to the specific job you’re sending it in to, this includes relating specific skills, letting your personality shine, and getting the hiring manager’s name.
Make sure it’s in perfect shape to get great results. Use our Cover Letter Checklist to make sure you’ve covered all the bases and haven’t overlooked any little mistakes that could cost you the job.

Cover Letter Guides

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The Complete Guide: What Is a Cover Letter for a Job ?

cover letter, how to write a cover letter, how to write a cover letter on Skillhub

When planning to apply for a job, an applicant needs to wrap up all his work experience, accomplishments, and skills in a professional job application. However, only having a bot-beating resume is not enough to impress recruiting firms and potential employers. To jump-start your career, you also need a killer cover letter.

If you’re wondering what is cover letter, it is a document that complements your resume and introduces your personality to a recruiter, meanwhile demonstrating what makes you a perfect candidate.

In this article, we’ll help you understand what is a cover letter for jobs and why it matters.

Skillhub tip: A great cover letter makes the hiring process easier. If you’re not sure about how to make one - seek help from a cover letter writing service online .

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What Is a Cover Letter for a Resume?

What is the purpose of a cover letter? In short, its purpose is to help you land an interview. Though it’s sometimes optional, a cover letter has many benefits. It dives into details you can’t provide in your resume, helping you show your full potential to employers.

Simply put, good cover letter examples boost the likelihood of you getting employed faster. Every career advice expert will confirm that companies are more likely to hire humans who attach a solid cover letter to their applications. That’s why it makes perfect sense to put in the extra effort to write a good cover letter.

What to Include in Your Cover Letter?

One of the biggest puzzles job seekers face is what should be in a cover letter. It indeed can be compared to a puzzle. The best cover letter examples are made up of tiny bits that, once put together in a proper manner, shape the whole.

So, what is included in a cover letter? Every solid document should contain the following:

Great creative cover letter opening sentence examples include a hook, focusing on the company that may potentially employ you or on a relevant professional accomplishment. If it drives the recruiter’s attention and relates to the job, it will work!

I have long been inspired by Company X’s exceptional web development projects, so I was excited to discover a newly-opened position for a Web Developer . I believe I can be a valuable addition to the Company X team.

Stunning Pitch

Next, all cover letter examples for job should include a pitch explaining what makes you right for the job.

In my current role as a Web Developer at Company Y, I gained hands-on experience developing user-friendly applications and websites. One of the recent projects I’ve worked on was an application for an event management agency for which I managed to:

Reduce the time-to-market time by 15%
Help the client boost their event signups by 40%
Ensure the excellent user experience

Closing Line

The last element in your examples of a cover letter should be a clear, friendly, and effective closing statement with a formal thank you for time and a call to action that encourages the hiring manager to contact you.

Thank you for considering my application. I would be happy to discuss your company’s Web Development challenges and show how my skills and knowledge can help solve them. Please reach me via email ([email protected]) or phone (000-000-0000).

Other Essential Things to Include in Cover Letter

Additionally, all great cover letter examples should include one more thing - a brief, sincere explanation of your motivation to join a particular company.

One thing I’m impressed with the most about Company X is how you foster creativity and thinking outside the box. I am an old fan of your team’s projects and, thus, it would be a dream come true to join in. I also appreciate the friendly and open-minded atmosphere inside your team and share your company’s values.

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What Cover Letter Types Are There?

Now that you know what is a cover letter for resume, you also need to know that there are multiple types of this document.

Below, we will give a small intro on each type to help you see the difference.

Application Cover Letter

An application cover letter is used when you have a specific job in mind. It typically addresses the recruitment professional and is submitted with a resume. The goal of the application cover letter is to show what makes you an ideal candidate for the job and help land an interview.

I’ve long been interested in the business activity of Company X. I’m excited for the opportunity to apply for the Graphic Designer position with your company and confident I could be a perfect asset.

Referral Cover Letter

This kind of cover letter should be used by a candidate who was referred to a job. If that’s your case, you should indicate the full name of your referral within the first few lines of your referral cover letter in order to drive the attention of the hiring manager.

[Referral’s Name], head of sales at Company X, suggested that I get in touch with you directly concerning my interest in applying for the role of Web Developer in your company.

Letter of Interest

A letter of interest is perfect for the occasions when you are interested in working with a certain company that may not currently have any job postings. It’s used to let the organization know about your interest so that they would keep you in mind as a potential employee. See the letter of interest example below.

I have been long monitoring Company X’s innovative projects and would like to inquire whether you have any Web Development positions open.

Networking Cover Letter

Unlike other types, a networking cover letter doesn’t necessarily address a recruiter but rather any professional contact you’ve made through industry events, social media, past jobs, etc. It is written to ask for open positions, referrals, or job search advice.

First, congratulations on completing your project with Company X last month. I found it extremely innovative and interesting! I’m writing to express my admiration and ask for job search advice as I am now looking for a new career opportunity.

Prospecting Cover Letter

A prospecting cover letter is used to express your desire to work with a company due to the certain features it has, for example, an excellent reputation on the job market, outstanding culture, etc. It is used to get into that company’s talent pool.

After hearing your CEO’s speech at the TED conference, I was impressed to discover your unique culture that keeps talent and creativity at the core and would love to become a part of your Web Development team.

Value Proposition Letter

The last type of cover letter is used to apply for a position by showing what value you can add to a company. Basically, a value proposition letter is like a resume summary that tells about your professionalism , experience, and level of qualification.

Do you need an experienced Web Developer with an excellent sense of trends?

As a developer with 5+ years of experience and 200+ completed projects, I believe I could bring real value to Company X’s development team.

Wrapping Up

Hopefully, after reading this article, you have a better understanding of what is cover letter.

Let’s quickly recap the key points:

A cover letter is a document that supplements your job application by providing additional details that are not given in a resume;
There are 6 different types of cover letters that serve different purposes;
Applicants should have a good cover letter to get more interviews and land a job faster and easier;
Cover letters consist of the opening statement, pitch, and closing line;
A perfect cover letter should be to-the-point, professional, and use the right tone of voice.

Do you have any additional questions about what is cover letter for a job?

Give us a shout on social media! We are always happy to give you a hand of help! Keep in mind professional resume writer service never let you down!

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What Is a Cover Letter? Definition, Types and Elements of a Cover Letter

A cover letter also known as an application letter, is a document that introduces a job seeker’s work history, professional skills, and personal interests when he or she wishes to apply for a job. One of the most tricky parts of any job-hunting process is the part where you have to write an effective cover letter.

I always explain that there are documents expected of you during job applications and one of these documents is the cover letter. The cover letter explains to the management of the company you are applying to, why you think you are the best candidate for the job. Therefore it is essential to choose the format that is best appropriate for that specific position or company.

5 Elements of a Cover Letter?

The basic elements of a cover letter are mostly your contact information. If you are writing a cover letter ensure that you add your contact information correctly on how the prospective employer can contact you at the top of the letter. The elements are;

Applicant Name: Add your full name.
Your Home address: State the address where you currently live and also include your city as well as state.
Your Email address: This is only needed for written cover letters; for email cover letters, the email itself serves as a record of your email address. Be sure to include a professional handle for your email contact information, preferably a variant of your name or initials.
Your preferred method of contact: This is most likely the most important part of the cover letter. It will look bad if after the HR goes through your cover letter, he or she finds it difficult to contact you. I will advise you to list the surest ways by which you can be contacted and reached, it can be means such as your mobile phone number, email, or any of your social media handles.
Company Name and Address: This should be the address and name of the recipient’s company. I usually suggest listing the HR manager who is in charge of hiring as the receiver. You can call the company’s customer care line or visit the company in person and ask the receptionist to whom application letters are addressed.

3 Types of Cover Letters

Most organizations accept all types of cover letters from job applicants, as long as they include a good description and opening, outlined past job experiences, a list of your skills, schools and professional qualifications, and a sound summary. However, to look more professional, I think it is appropriate for you to know the most common types of cover letters and know where and when to tender any of them. They are;

1. Application Cover Letter

I like to always suggest and recommend this type of cover letter first for any job application. It is the most common form of a cover letter when an applicant wants to apply for a specific job role. This is not the type of general cover letter that you write to cover all open roles. It is specifically designed for a single-job role. It makes your chances of getting hired, higher, since you took the time to draft the cover letter specifically for the single job they are looking to fill. All you have to do is make sure you state good reasons why you are the best-qualified candidate for the job.

2. Referral Cover Letter

If you’re applying for a job someone has referred you for, make sure your letter mentions the name of a person who has endorsed you and (unless it’s obvious), establish that person’s credentials or relevance to the company.

A referral cover letter is a job application document that mentions a mutual contact you share with the hiring manager. This shared connection can be a friend, networking acquaintance, or employee at the company where you’re applying for a job.

When writing a Referral Letter, Begin your letter with a salutation followed by the hiring manager’s name. Mention your referral in the first paragraph of your cover letter, with a brief explanation of your connection. Show your interest. Next, mention what interests you about the position, and why you’re qualified for the job.

3. Letter of Interest

This type of cover letter also known as a ‘letter of intent,’ ‘prospecting letter,’ or ‘letter of inquiry’, sounds more generic as they are applied when you would love to work for a particular company, but you aren’t sure whether there is a specific job opening at the moment at that company. It is perfectly fine to send this type of cover letter out to organizations as they are an effective means to secure a job opportunity for yourself at a company in advance and get your name in front of hiring managers at organizations even before any open role that might fit your skills and qualifications.

Frequently Asked Questions

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What is Cover letter? How to write it?

A cover letter is a formal letter that is submitted together with a resume or curriculum vitae (CV) when making an application for a job. It is about introducing the applicant and also about highlighting his/her qualifications, skills, and relevant experiences that are required in the position that he/she is applying for. A cover letter is a piece of writing that aims to convince the employer that s/he should consider the candidate for the job and to offer more details and clarification than the resume may not include. Usually, cover letters comprise the applicant’s contact details, the specific address of the recipient, the greeting, the introduction, one or more paragraphs that furnish information about qualifications and experiences, and the closing statement that expresses gratitude and desire for an interview.

How to write a cover letter?

Research the Company: To be able to begin the writing, do your research about the company and the job you are applying for. Know the company’s culture, the values, and the particular duties of the position.

Format Your Cover Letter: The letter of your cover should follow a formal format. Write your contact information down at the top of your letter, and then put the date and the employer’s contact information under that. And after that, start with a formal greeting.

Introduction: The opening sentence should be interesting and catchy to attract the employer. Explain the particular position you are applying for, along with how you heard about it. You may also start by introducing yourself and by conveying your excitement through the message.

Body Paragraph(s): In the body of your cover letter, focus on your skills, experiences, and accomplishments that are related to the job post. Adjust this part depending on the job requirements and try to show how your qualifications make you a great fit for the position by emphasizing them. Use relevant examples to showcase your skills and achievements.

Address the Employer’s Needs: Prove the employer that you can measure their needs and describe how you can satisfy them. If you have any unique qualifications or experiences that make you stand out among the others, remember to emphasize them.

Closing Paragraph: Conclude your cover letter in a powerful closing sentence. Show your appreciation for being considered and remind them of your commitment to the job. You could also point out that you would be grateful if the opportunity arises for you to discuss your application further in the interview.

Closing: Sign off in a formal manner such as “Sincerely” or “Best regards,” with your full name. Make room for your signature if sending a hard copy of the letter.

Proofread and Edit: Make sure to read the cover letter you are about to send through and correct any mistakes in grammar, spelling, or punctuation. Besides that, it is also worth requesting a friend or workmate for some comments and corrections.

Customize for Each Application: Reformat your cover letter to meet the requirements of each job application. Make a point of the most important competencies and experiences that fit the employment conditions and the company.

Follow-up: Once you have sent your cover letter and resume, you might want to conclude the process by making a polite email or phone call requesting information about the progress of your application. This helps the employer to see how eager and dedicated you are.

Basic Template for a Cover Letter

[Your Name]

[Your Address]

[City, State, Zip Code]

[Your Email Address]

[Your Phone Number]

[Today’s Date]

[Employer’s Name]

[Hiring Manager’s Title, if known]

[Company Name]

[Company Address]

Dear [Employer’s Name],

[Paragraph 1: Introduction] I am writing to express my interest in the [Position Title] position at [Company Name], as advertised on [where you found the job posting, e.g., LinkedIn, company website]. With [mention years of relevant experience, if applicable] in [mention relevant field or industry], I am confident in my ability to contribute effectively to your team.

[Paragraph 2: Highlight Relevant Experience] During my time at [mention previous company or organization, if applicable], I [mention a specific achievement or responsibility relevant to the position]. This experience has equipped me with [mention relevant skills or qualities] that I believe will be valuable in the [Position Title] role at [Company Name].

[Paragraph 3: Connect with Company Values] I am particularly drawn to [Company Name]’s commitment to [mention a specific value or initiative of the company]. I am excited about the opportunity to [mention how you would contribute to or support the company’s goals or mission].

[Paragraph 4: Show Enthusiasm and Initiative] I am enthusiastic about the possibility of joining the [Company Name] team and contributing to [mention a specific project or aspect of the company]. I am eager to bring my [mention a relevant skill or attribute] to the role and am confident in my ability to [mention a positive outcome you aim to achieve in the position].

[Paragraph 5: Closing Statement] Thank you for considering my application. I am looking forward to the opportunity to discuss how my background, skills, and enthusiasm align with the needs of [Company Name]. Please find my resume attached for your review. I am available at your earliest convenience for an interview and can be reached at [Your Phone Number] or via email at [Your Email Address].

[Closing Salutation],

[Your Name]

Do I need a cover letter?

Whether you need a cover letter depends on the specific circumstances of the job application and the preferences of the employer. In many cases, submitting a cover letter along with your resume can be beneficial as it allows you to introduce yourself, highlight relevant experiences and skills, and explain why you are interested in the position.

Here are some situations where including a cover letter is typically recommended:

When it’s requested: If the job posting specifically asks for a cover letter, it’s important to include one. Failure to do so may result in your application being disregarded.
To explain unique circumstances: If you have employment gaps, are changing careers, or have other unique aspects of your background that you want to explain, a cover letter provides an opportunity to do so.
To demonstrate interest: A cover letter allows you to express your enthusiasm for the position and the company, which can make a positive impression on hiring managers.
To address specific qualifications: If there are specific qualifications or requirements listed in the job posting, you can use your cover letter to address how your skills and experiences align with them.

However, there are also instances where a cover letter may not be necessary:

When it’s not requested: If the job posting doesn’t mention anything about submitting a cover letter, you may still choose to include one, especially if you believe it will strengthen your application. However, if it’s not explicitly asked for, it’s not strictly required.

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A cover letter should include an introduction, a body that highlights your relevant experience and skills, a connection to the company’s values or mission, and a closing statement with a call to action.

If the hiring manager’s name is unknown, you can address it as “Dear Hiring Manager,” “Dear [Company Name] Team,” or another appropriate and professional salutation.

While you can use a similar structure, it’s best to customize your cover letter for each job application to address the specific requirements and interests of each role and company.

Generally, it’s not advised to mention salary expectations in a cover letter unless explicitly requested by the employer in the job posting.

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COMMENTS

What Is a Cover Letter? (And What To Include in One)
A cover letter is a short introduction to you that concisely communicates your interest in a job opportunity along with your top skills and relevant experience. It's important to customize your cover letter for each role to demonstrate that you've researched the organization's mission and values.—. Genevieve Northup, MBA, SHRM-CP, HCI-SPTD.
What is a Cover Letter? Definition & Examples
A cover letter is a one-page document included in your job application (along with your resume ). When written well, your cover letter provides employers with important context that isn't covered in your resume. March 4, 2024. Build My Cover Letter Now. As featured in *.
What Is a Cover Letter? Types and How To Write One
Cover Letter: A cover letter is a written document submitted with a job application explaining the applicant's credentials and interest in the open position. Since a cover letter is often one of ...
What Is a Cover Letter & How to Make It Stand Out [10+ Tips]
A cover letter is a type of letter you include in your job application. Its main role is to let the reader know what motivated you to apply, and what you can offer. A cover letter is not synonymous with a resume or CV. Typically, a cover letter's main body consists of three paragraphs, each for a different purpose.
What Is a Cover Letter and How to Write One? (Expert Guide)
A cover letter is a response to a concrete job opening. Therefore, you focus on a more limited set of qualities that would make you the perfect candidate for this specific role. Moreover, a cover letter always comes hand in hand with a resume. Because of that, a cover letter should always mention your CV and match it.
Glassdoor Guide: How to Write a Cover Letter
The cover letter is a tool to help introduce yourself in a memorable, personal way during a job application. A well-crafted cover letter goes over information on your resume and expands this information for the reader, taking them on a guided journey of some of your greatest career and life achievements.. Its purpose is to elaborate on the information contained in your resume while infusing ...
The Ultimate Cover Letter Writing Guide
A cover letter is an extension to your job application. It is not obligatory but including a well-written cover letter is strongly advised by all human resource experts. By definition, a cover letter is an accompanying, explanatory letter.
What Is a Cover Letter for a Job? Definition and Examples
A cover letter is a personalized document submitted alongside your resume or CV when applying for a job. It is designed to introduce yourself to the employer, showcase your qualifications, and establish a connection with the hiring manager. Contents. The Definition of a Cover Letter. The Purpose of a Cover Letter.
Cover letter
For employment. Job seekers frequently send a cover letter along with their curriculum vitae or applications for employment as a way of introducing themselves to potential employers and explaining their suitability for the desired positions. It is a pitch describing one's interest in the position, skills and relevant experience for the advertised job. Employers may look for individualized and ...
How and Why to Write a Great Cover Letter
With your cover letter, you'll aim to: Highlight your qualifications: You'll show how your skills and experience relate to the employer's needs for a specific position. Showcase your motivation: You'll demonstrate your enthusiasm for the specific position and the organization. Reflect your voice and written communication skills: You ...
What is a Cover Letter? Definition, Structure, Purpose, Types ...
A cover letter is a one-page document that you include with your resume as part of your application for a job. A good cover letter grabs a Hiring Manager's attention and gets you to the next step of the hiring process. While every job you apply for will have either a specific application form or will ask for a resume, not every one will ask ...
What Is a Cover Letter for a Job? (Meaning + Examples)
A cover letter's purpose is to introduce yourself formally to a company and explain why you're a good fit for the job you want. Your cover letter is a prime opportunity to: showcase your personality, communication abilities, and enthusiasm for the job. provide more information about your qualifications and experience beyond what's on your CV.
What Is a Cover Letter for a Job? Purpose & Example
An explanation of what a cover letter for a resume is, on-point cover letter statistics and links to our range of cover letter guides. Tools. ... What Is a Resume (Definition, Purpose & Key Elements) Learn about what is a resume, the purpose of it and how it can help your job search. The more informed you are, the better the outcome will be.
The Complete Guide: What Is a Cover Letter for a Job
Application Cover Letter. An application cover letter is used when you have a specific job in mind. It typically addresses the recruitment professional and is submitted with a resume. The goal of the application cover letter is to show what makes you an ideal candidate for the job and help land an interview. Example:
What is a cover letter? · Resume.io
A cover letter is a way to inject some personality, motivation, and direction into a job search. It should be written directly for the hiring manager and make them feel that you are the only candidate in the frame for the job in question. There is often nothing to choose between the resumes of the best candidates.
Cover Letter
A cover letter is a letter of interest sent to an employer along with a resume. When applying for a job, a resume only gives the highlights of an employee's work experience and credentials. A ...
What's a Cover Letter? Is It Still Alive? [Lensa Insights]
An inspired cover letter with contents matching the job description may turn the scales in your favor. What To Include in Your Cover Letter. The specifics of your cover letter contents depend on the role you're applying for, but you should always include certain information. For example, in the heading, you should always have your name and ...
What is a Cover Letter for a Resume / CV / Job Application
A cover letter, or a covering letter, is a one-page document which usually accompanies your resume or CV. As part of your job application, it introduces you to the recruiter and sells your necessary skills and job experience. Including a cover letter is standard practice and you should generally do so unless the potential employer specifically ...
What Is a Cover Letter? Definition, Types and Elements of a Cover
1. Application Cover Letter. I like to always suggest and recommend this type of cover letter first for any job application. It is the most common form of a cover letter when an applicant wants to apply for a specific job role. This is not the type of general cover letter that you write to cover all open roles.
What Is Cover Letter? How To Write It?
A cover letter is a formal letter that is submitted together with a resume or curriculum vitae (CV) when making an application for a job. It is about introducing the applicant and also about highlighting his/her qualifications, skills, and relevant experiences that are required in the position that he/she is applying for.
Letter of Interest: Definition, Writing Guide & Examples
Letter of interest vs cover letters. A common misconception job seekers have is that a letter of interest is the same as a cover letter. Although similar, you would use these two documents at different stages of your job search. A cover letter is strictly a job application document that companies request you submit with your resume. A cover ...
Fact Sheet on FTC's Proposed Final Noncompete Rule
The .gov means it's official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

What Is a Cover Letter?

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What Is a Cover Letter? Types and How To Write One

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What Is a Cover Letter and How to Write One? (Expert Guide)

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What is a cover letter (Definition + Purpose + Types)

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What is the difference between a cover letter and a motivation letter?

What are different types of cover letters?

How to write a cover letter in 2022

What to include in your cover letter and what is the cover letter structure?

Cover letter formatting

How to write a cover letter with no experience

How experts do it: best cover letter examples

Example 1: Cover letter for the position of nanny

Example 2: Cover letter for the position of s oftware engineer

Example 3: Cover letter for a position of marketing intern

Tips for sending a cover letter by email

Other cover letter tips and ideas

Kaja Jurčišinová

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The Ultimate Cover Letter Writing Guide

What is a cover letter?

Why include a cover letter on a job application?

Advantages of Writing a Cover Letter

What are the 3 Types of Cover Letters?

Application Cover Letter

Letter of Interest

Email Cover Letters

How to write a cover letter

How to Structure a Cover Letter

Cover letter advice

Cover Letter FAQs

What Is a Cover Letter for a Job? Definition and Examples

The Definition of a Cover Letter

Explaining the Purpose of a Cover Letter

Differentiating a Cover Letter from a Resume

The Purpose of a Cover Letter

Demonstrating Why a Cover Letter is Important for Job Seekers

Exploring the Benefits of Including a Cover Letter with a Job Application

The Basic Cover Letter Format

Heading and contact information

Opening paragraph

Body paragraphs

Closing paragraph

Tone and style of writing

How to Write a Cover Letter

Paragraph 1: Introduction

Paragraph 2: Your Qualifications

Paragraph 3: Your Value Proposition

Paragraph 4: Call to Action

Specific Details to Include in a Cover Letter

Tips for Tailoring the Cover Letter to the Company and Job Posting

How to Customize a Cover Letter

1. Research the Company

2. Use the Job Description

3. Show Your Enthusiasm

4. Address Specific Concerns

5. Keep it Professional

Common Mistakes to Avoid in Cover Letters

1. Repeating Information from Your Resume

2. Writing a Generic Letter

3. Focusing Too Much on Yourself

4. Making Grammar and Spelling Mistakes

5. Failing to Follow Instructions

Suggestions for Avoiding These Mistakes

Tips for Writing a Cover Letter

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