beach resort case study architecture

Kovalam Beach Resort by Charles Correa: Open to sky space Approach

Being recognized as a virtuoso is an understatement when Charles Correa is described. This master architect indulges in every design he has crafted meticulously, a level of detail that is revered and has inspired architects all over India, and even abroad. As Kenneth Frampton described Correa’s work while writing the foreword for his book, “Thus one may find in Correa’s work subtle level changes having a certain oriental character that simultaneously serves to articulate different living zones in a particularly vivacious way”. Frampton recognized the genius of Correa’s design and planning and regarded him as having an extraordinary portfolio of work. Initiated by the Government of India as a project to increase the influx of tourists to Kovalam Beach in Kerala , the to-be-built resort had a magnificent view of the sea and lush verdure all around.

Though the assigned area was much larger, Correa grouped the activities of the resort, to increase future growth options. The resulting concept was a large mass, sloping towards the sea , ensuring each room had a frame to the breathtaking view that lay in front of each room and a frame to the breathtaking view that lay in front. 

Exploiting the limitations of the site, Correa designed 3 room configurations- the kudils , at the edge of the beach, which was designed for longer stays and featured its own cooking space. The main hotel is layered above, around 100 guest rooms overlooking the sea, while detached units are placed between the kudils , at higher densities.

Though at first glance the unit may be very simple, its brilliance is seen in the section of the entire structure. Here, each unit below is countersunk with the unit on top, creating privacy for the inner part of the room, while the sundeck is flushed into the massive sloped surface- giving a view of the beach. With this pragmatic technique, Correa can provide all 100 rooms with a stunning view and an abundance of natural light and ventilation.

Utilizing the contours to his advantage, Correa’s resourcefulness doesn’t end here. The master plan is a plan worth studying for the dexterity shown in effectively zoning circulation, activities, and spaces without compromising on the view or overall aesthetic borrowed from Kerala’s vernacular architecture. From the driveway and entry is the central buffer that is the restaurant’s foyer, which leads to the lounge and rooms. The lounge extends into the restaurant and kitchen on the East, whereas the West has a covered verandah and pool. In overview, these 4 spaces are united by an undivided floor plate that once again exploits the view of the sea.

Building into the slopes, Correa not only utilizes the view and flush into the natural slope but manages to blend into the thick green that has been retained on site. The simple element of a framed view being a constant feature gave rise to an underappreciated structure, one that can be regarded as one of the best in Correa’s attempt to link the built and unbuilt. Chosen by many architects as a concept relying on the natural topography and contextual gravitas, a certain mastery has been observed in this massive structure.

As the structure serves to be a tourist magnet, activities such as Ayurveda, water sports, and handicrafts of the region are highlighted and act as incentives. Using the locally available materials to retain character in the region, white plastered walls reflect light into spaces, red-tiled roofs imitate the other built structures of the region, and pavilions made of bamboo chhatris and coir mats on the floor enhance the aesthetic of the region.

This region required a magnet that increased tourists in the region and exposed a beautiful beach to the outside world, a melting pot of cultures and arts and craft s of Kerala. Using an elegant site to create a picturesque view and utilizing locally sourced materials, Kovalam Beach Resort utilizes Correa’s classic design approach and craftsmanship to adapt to the need and experiment with volume every time. Though it may not seem like a new and fresh concept now, Correa‘s method for making the volume a malleable entity and exploiting it for new designs and techniques. As the natural beauty of the site is emphasized, the architecture remains unique and famous for how well it adapts to the setting, without compromising the quality of the spaces provided.

Nishant Verma is a designated college nerd and has been writing ever since you could define the term “bullying”, first to vent out feelings and eventually to an amateur writer. Pastimes include productive activities- reading, writing, movies, the history of music and architecture, with whom he enjoys a love-hate relationship.

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Charles Correa: Kovalam Beach Resort

Challenges of Universal Design in Coastal Resort Architecture and Planning

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Holiday time is one of the most important and pleasurable occasions when daily routines can be changed for healthier and beneficial for well-being: physical as well as psychological. The opportunity to both enjoy and use this time well is important for all, and also crucial for persons with disabilities and the elderly. In this article the author collects and presents specialized solutions in universal design for coastal resort architecture and planning, provides an assessment of a case study, and presents her own project for a the Międzyzdroje Promenada Zachodnia competition in Poland.

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Definition by the author, based on Collin Dictionary, “2015 State of the Industry”. Developments, Wikipedia.

Bonenberg, A., Zabłocki, M.: Residential architecture for health and longevity. Universal kitchen design and Architektura mieszkaniowa sprzyjająca zdrowiu i długowieczności. Projekt kuchni uniwersalnej [in] Space & FORM | Przestrzeń i FORMa 31_2017 edited by. https://doi.org/10.21005/pif.2017.31.b-02

Branowski, B., Zabłocki, M.: Kreacja i kontaminacja zasad projektowania i zasad konstrukcji w projektowaniu dla osób niepełnosprawnych, [w]: Ergonomia produktu. Ergonomiczne zasady projektowania produktów, edited by Jabłoński J., Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej, Poznań (2006)

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Giuseppe Di Bucchianico

Department of Industrial Design, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA

Cliff Sungsoo Shin

University of Notre Dame, Indiana, IN, USA

System Design and Management, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan

Shuichi Fukuda

Faculty of Architecture, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal

Gianni Montagna

Cristina Carvalho

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Bonenberg, A. (2020). Challenges of Universal Design in Coastal Resort Architecture and Planning. In: Di Bucchianico, G., Shin, C., Shim, S., Fukuda, S., Montagna, G., Carvalho, C. (eds) Advances in Industrial Design. AHFE 2020. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1202. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51194-4_23

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Crimson Boracay Beach Resort

An innovative design solution that marries contemporary architecture, landscaping and interiors with Filipino culture, excitement and panache

Project Data

Boracay, Philippines Asia Pacific

30,000 square meter site 97 keys 72 suites 20 one-bedroom villas one presidential villa

Architecture, Landscape, Wimberly Interiors

Crimson Resort and Spa Boracay presented an exciting opportunity to create a luxurious beachfront destination that seamlessly combines modern architectural elements with local influences. The goal was to design an environment that maximizes the breathtaking ocean views, fosters a sense of tranquility, and provides a captivating seaside experience for guests.

Located along the pristine beaches of Station Zero, Crimson Resort & Spa Boracay was to set a new benchmark for an exclusive hideaway complemented by the warm ambience of Filipino island living. Bringing this vision to life, the WATG Singapore team created an innovative design that marries contemporary architecture, landscaping, and interiors with local culture.

The cascading architecture was designed to optimize the panoramic ocean views. Blocks and steps descending through the landscape ensured that guests could enjoy stunning sea-to-land views from every angle.

Architecture: The design concept involved incorporating geometric local patterns into the cladding of the jewel pavilions. This fusion of contemporary styling and traditional motifs created a modern yet distinctly local aesthetic, establishing a cohesive and dynamic language throughout the entire property.

The cascading architecture was designed to optimize the panoramic ocean views. The resort’s layout, with blocks and steps descending the landscape, created a collaborative synergy between architecture and landscaping, ensuring that guests could enjoy stunning sea-to-land views from every angle.

Landscape Design: The design provided guests with a water-centric experience. The arrival at the resort is through a deck in the bay, immersing guests in an all-over water experience from the moment they step foot on the property. This thoughtful design element enhanced accessibility and set the tone for a captivating seaside escape.

The landscape design collaborated seamlessly with the cascading architecture to maximize ocean views. By integrating the architecture and landscape, the resort achieved a harmonious and unconventional modern environment, ensuring that guests were constantly surrounded by the beauty of the ocean.

Contemporary guest rooms were carefully designed with sea-toned accent colors, adding vibrancy, and reflecting the natural beauty of the surroundings.

Interiors: The interior design concept embraced trendsetting by incorporating a cultural color palette. Contemporary guest rooms were carefully designed with sea-toned accent colors, adding vibrancy, and reflecting the natural beauty of the surroundings. This integration of cultural elements created inviting and inspiring interiors, promoting relaxation, and enhancing the overall guest experience.

Crimson Resort and Spa Boracay demonstrated how the integration of architecture, landscape design, and interiors can create a cohesive and immersive experience.

The resort’s geometric patterns in the cladding of the jewel pavilions created a modern and local character, establishing a unique identity. The cascading architecture, in collaboration with the landscape design, maximized the panoramic ocean views, creating a visually stunning atmosphere for guests. The water-focused experiences, such as the arrival deck in the bay, provided both access and an immersive connection to the surrounding water elements. The interiors, with their cultural color palette and sea-toned accent colors, achieved a perfect balance of vibrancy and relaxation, inviting guests to unwind and rejuvenate.

The resort has received multiple awards including:

• Time Inc. World’s Greatest Places 2022
• Condé Nast Johannsen’s Awards for Excellence 2023 – Best for Families
• Tripadvisor 2022 Travelers’ Choice

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This study investigates the architecture and design of resorts so as to establish the key design factors to be considered in the design of resorts in coastal regions. This study looks at the design of resorts along the Diani beach. The investigation process involves the case study research method to conduct an explanatory study to determine the appropriate planning and design to accommodate resort activities.

The investigation documents the architecture and design of resorts at two scales; resort planning and design and resort architecture. The scope of the study was limited to resorts along the Diani Coast which experiences hot and humid climate. Secondary data was collected and analysed from existing literature on the history of resort design. It then explores the principles of architecture and design in resorts. It then looks at the impact of tourism in coastal resorts.

Fieldwork studies on the selected resorts revealed different approaches in the site layout of functions and relating to the ocean which offers views and is the source of cooling breezes through the resort sites. Different materials and approaches to construction methods are employed to accommodate for the coastal climate . The approach to sustainability in the their designs are incorporated. A comparative study of the different case studies was then carried out.

This study concludes that the operations in a resort affect the environment and the daily functions within a resort, and their impacts should be considered in the planning and design stage. The possible effects of resort planning and design include disturbance of the natural life cycles of the surrounding eco-systems and the operational movement of guests, staff and servicing throughout the resort. The resort planning and design ought to reduce on affecting the natural environment negatively and contribute to the efficient running of resorts. In the design of resort architecture in the coastal region, the buildings promote air movement through narrow singlebank layouts. Open plans and obstruction free interiors in both horizontal and vertical planes ensure cross ventilation. Ample openings also ensure sufficient lighting and ventilation of interior spaces. Some of the spaces for dining, entertainment and alternative sleeping are designated open-to-air and without walls to further channel the sea breezes.

© University of Nairobi 2024.  All rights Reserved.

Sustainability of a beach resort: A case study

In Malaysian Eleventh Plan 2016-2020, tourism is one of the service sectors given priority by the government. It is claimed that the increase in tourist arrivals help to support the deficit reduction in service sector by contributing to the growth of the nation. Furthermore, the quick growth of tourism in Southeast Asia, as a result of amongst others attractive sandy beaches and nature, beach resorts have been on the receiving end of attention and focus by the tourists. However, prior studies claimed that these resorts were not properly managed and further actions need to be taken to ensure its sustainability. Thus, this case study aims to examine performance management of a beach resort in ensuring its sustainability. Specifically, this study explores the cost saving strategies adopted by this resort through its 25 years of operation. This resort is located on an island in Terengganu. The resort owner and employees were interviewed. The interview results appear to indicate that various strategies were implemented by the resort to manage their performance and ensure its sustainability in the business. Family members hold important positions in the resort to ensure the smooth running of the operation. Cost saving activities and smart business arrangements were made with suppliers to reduce its outflows.  

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GREAT BEACH RESORT CASE STUDY

This case study aims to identify the criteria for both great and poor beach resorts

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Tourism destination is a complicated system. Destination system consists of resources which can be natural and anthropogenic. It is necessary to harmonize them and to manage them in proper manner. Coastal area is one of the most valuable natural resources od Republic of Croatia which is well known and recognized as sun, sea&sand destination, and therefore coastal area is crucial for tourism development. Beaches, as part of coastal area, are foundation of competitive advantage, as well as income generator and due to this, there is growing interest in last couple years for possibility of using their recreational and economic potential. Purpose of this paper is, by using quantitative and qualitative analysis, to research beach resources of Pelješac peninsula which will then be used as a foundation for SWOT matrix to determine strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to beaches of this area. For the analysis purpose, beside the secondary data research, there was a field research...

Local Wisdom

lisa wulandari

Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research

Riduwan ibrahim

The tourism sector in Indonesia is up-and-coming and is still in the process of development and development. Santolo Beach has coral reefs and coastal land that can be used for tourism. Many strategies can be used to develop Santolo Beach. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method. The research was conducted at Santolo Beach, Pamalayan Village, Cikelet District, Garut Regency, in August 2021. The data used in this research is primary. Primary data was conducted by interview using purposive sampling technique and questionnaire using an accidental sampling technique Data analysis was carried out using SWOT and QSPM analysis. The results show the value of the IFE 3.58 and EFE 3.98 matrices, showing that Santolo Beach tourism management is in cell one, which supports developing and building strategies. Some strategies that can be carried out are developing coastal tourism areas by managers in collaboration with the government, private institutions, and the commu...

Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography

Poh Poh Wong

Lagos State Polytechnic

okufuye samuel

Resort development raises not only the question of rise and decline of tourism, but also of change of place qualities. How can the variability of resort development be further qualified and explained? We develop the concept of "touristic capital" of resorts in order to analyze the variable trajectories of resorts over time. It is suggested resorts engage a specific touristic capital within a global tourism field. The differential capacity of accumulating and engaging resources, governance, image, monetary incomes urban qualities and knowledge in the tourism field is seen as a significant aspect of resort development. The concept dwells on different disciplinary achievements within geography, economics, sociology and political science.

Sandy Pratama

The objective of this research is to identify the tourism potential development of Pasir Padi Beach and offer a program of development focusing on improving the tourism attraction based on the tourists’ judgment. The method used for this research is mixed-methods; qualitative analysis using IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) to identify the conditions of the research variables as well as every indicator supported by gap analysis and descriptive quantitative analysis in order to elucidate the strength and weakness by means of SPSS analysis tool version 22. Regarding to the number of respondents, 60 tourists are selected through non-probability sampling and Convenience Sampling. The result shows that there are one variable included in the main priority to be improved, and seven indicators included in the main priority to be improved and developed. Thus, the research proves that the attraction variable and sea water quality indicator, transportation availability, shower and clean wa...

Achmad Rizal

This study aims to analyze the tourism potential of Santolo Beach and formulate a development strategy for Santolo Beach so that it can be developed as a marine tourism area to increase tourist visits. The research was conducted at Santolo Beach in January - March 2021. This study used a case study method using primary and secondary data. Primary data obtained from questionnaires and interviews as many as 60 respondents consisting of tourists and Santolo Beach managers using purposive sampling method as the research sample.Secondary data were obtained from related agencies. The analysis used is a SWOT analysis to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of Santolo Beach which will produce a development strategy for Santolo Beach. The results of the study are based on calculations carried out through SWOT analysis, the final value of the strengths is 1.64, the weaknesses are 1.44, the opportunities are 1.78 and the threats are 1.41. It can be seen from the results...

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• Hospitality Architecture

Waghoba Ecolodge Resort / Biome Environmental Solutions

• Curated by Hana Abdel
• Architects: Biome Environmental Solutions
• Area Area of this architecture project Area:  3085 m²
• Year Completion year of this architecture project Year:  2021
• Photographs Photographs: Lalit Rajoria
• Manufacturers Brands with products used in this architecture project Manufacturers:   Adish Aluminium , Bathline , Hindware , The Purple Turtles
• Design Team:  Chitra Vishwanath, Anurag Tamankar, Maitri Shah
• Client:  Pugdundee Safaris
• Structural Consultant:  Satish Raipure
• Phe Consultant:  HMNagesh
• Civil Works:  Vikesh Agarwal
• Swimming Pool:  Nandadeep Pools
• City:  Bengaluru
• Country:  India
• Did you collaborate on this project?

Text description provided by the architects. Waghoba ecolodge is a resort contiguous to the forest buffer of Tadoba wildlife sanctuary in the state of Maharashtra India. The target clientele for the property is wildlife enthusiasts and conservationists. The brief required a 16-cottage resort with responsible tourism at its core. The developers sought to restore the previously cultivated land to its original state of being a deciduous forest as part of their ecological intentions. This required interventions in the landscape to enhance biodiversity. By observing the land around and through a biodiversity survey local flora and fauna were identified. 

For biodiversity to flourish it was essential to incorporate a water body in the semi-arid climate of this region. In the summer temperature here rises to 48-degree C. By identifying the existing bund and desilting the channels a lake was made at the entrance of the resort. This lake stored the rainwater and treated wastewater. Additional afforestation with indigenous plant species provides a green corridor for the fauna to approach the lake. This lake now is home to a plethora of birds and animals. A lookout hide has been introduced in the design for enthusiasts and professional wildlife photographers to watch the fauna in its own habitat.

The landscape of Todaba’s has a variety of shades of gold to dark brown for the most part of the year and green during the monsoons. Capturing of the gold to brown hue has been done in the material palette of the architectural interventions. The material palette is a combination of local sandstone and stabilized adobes made at the site using local soil. The lake becomes the loci of the project. The main building and its welcome area, edge this lake. Here the travelers also enjoy the rising sun when they are getting ready to leave for the forest tour. Belvederes along the dining area and the lounge enjoy views of the lake, forest, and the evening skies. Below this elevated lounge is a shaded swimming pool with its deck overlooking the lake. The ceiling of the pool which has a filler of pot lids creates dynamic reflection while ecologically reducing material consumption.

The guests are accommodated in the cottages placed along the east-west axis at the core of the property. Each cottage has large openings in the north and south shaded by deep verandahs. Both the study desk and bed view the buffer areas giving an experience of living in the forest. As the peak season for safaris is summer the buildings are designed to reduce the cooling loads by using passive strategies. Composite stone and adobe walls on the east and west side reduce the heat gain. Toilet and the changing area shield the room from the western sun. A small skylit roof with heat reflective glass near the vanity wash basins brings in an ample amount of light inside the toilet area. A vaulted roof made of conical pottery tiles with air gaps between and ceramic mosaic on top insulates the interior spaces from the incidental heat from the rooftop.

The interior finishes of the guest areas continue the same color palette of light to dark brown and terracotta reds. The floor with golden brown Kota (limestone) blends well with the adobe walls. The terracotta red roof tiles create a contrast and make the vaulted ceiling stand out even more. The ferrocement lighting fixtures with warm yellow light set a very cozy mood. Staff housing on the west is carefully located to provide quiet space and privacy to its occupants while they are resting during breaks. The senior staff housing uses a similar design language to the guest rooms with adobe walls and terracotta vaulted ceilings. Junior staff dormitories are designed to offer windows near every single bed space. Load-bearing fin walls act as a partition between individual beds offering some level of privacy to its users. Water from the staff housing roof is harvested and stored in the 0.1million liter of the water storage tank.

All the sewage water from the property is treated using a plant-based water treatment system PHYTORID developed by National Environmental Engineering Institute NEERI and is subsequently used for growing the organic vegetables and the forest on the property. The use of terracotta either as filler in the RCC slabs or roofs for the residential spaces adds to the concept of the circular economy. These are produced in the village and local areas and use the desilted soil from the lakes.

Since most buildings even in the rural area are adopting RCC construction these skills are dying out. As locals migrate and agricultural activity reduces the desilting of lakes stops. The non-desilting leads to a drop in aquifer recharge. We used terracotta consciously to make the facility part of a virtual cycle. We want the facility to showcase that ecological architecture is in sync with the ecosystem. The vaulted roofs were done in collaboration with the Centre for Science for Villages (CSV) Wardha. This is an organization that works on Gandhian principles and values. The project for us is a happy collaboration of ecology, social, and leisure.

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Address: bengaluru, karnataka, india.

• Sustainability

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