hardware business plan sample pdf

Starting Hardware Store Business Plan (PDF)

Starting a hardware store business is an incredibly lucrative venture, boasting robust profit margins and a constant demand for its products and services. As the backbone of any community’s building and repair needs, hardware stores serve as essential hubs where customers can find a wide range of tools, construction materials, and home improvement supplies. These stores are more than just places to purchase tools, supplies, and building materials—they are hubs of knowledge, expertise, and essential resources for homeowners, contractors, and DIY enthusiasts alike. In an era of rapid urban development and increasing home renovation projects, the hardware store industry remains resilient and holds significant growth potential.

It is projected that the 21 st century will continue to be characterized by concerted construction activities. That stems, in part, from the projected increase in the global population. Plus, regions that have had mostly archaic infrastructure are being upgraded. Governments and the private sector are stepping up property and infrastructure development projects. Overall, residential, commercial, and industrial domains are experiencing a construction boom. For instance, the most sought-after materials right now are concrete, steel, and wood. All these dynamics are creating a huge market for hardware supplies. Thus starting a hardware retail store is bound to be lucrative owing to the ever-expanding market.  This article will outline how to start the hardware store business, and the hardware store business plan – PDF, Word and Excel.

Market Research

Carrying out market research is essential before starting the hardware store business. Market research involves identifying a market for hardware products and services, including important measurable characteristics. Seek to find out the market size for hardware products and services. Whilst doing that find out the popular products or services being offered. Check out up to date hardware industry statistics to help you in those regards. There are usually major players already operating and you should study them. Find out what kind of hardware products and services they offer. Find out about the market shares they own and control. Take time to also evaluate their customer dynamics. All this will help you zone in on a strategic target market. That is why the other area to look into is consumer attributes. What are the general hardware buying habits of consumers in your intended target market? What do they buy, how often, and how much do they spend on average? What are their source of incomes and their average incomes? Whilst you can get ready-made reports on these details, it would be wise to also conduct surveys yourself. You can unearth more details this way. By putting all these together you get a comprehensive understanding of the market. You should ensure that you have a hardware business plan before you venture into this business.

Location And Premises for a Hardware Store

A significant percentage of the demand for hardware products and services stems from the construction industry. So you can identify a location at or near a steadily growing residential area where people are at various stages of constructing their houses. It isn’t enough to only look at the steady growth of such areas alone. These must be people who generally have substantial income levels such that they can afford to buy your products. So that shouldn’t be overlooked because you might regret it later if you don’t find out about it prior.

Your location must be spacious enough to have parking space that adequately accommodates any type of vehicle i.e. for customers and suppliers. The interior of the hardware complex will also have to be spacious with products well arranged in a way that optimizes customers’ buying experience. The road network surrounding or leading to the complex must be well networked and in good shape to promote ease of access for both vehicles and those walking in on foot. Your hardware store business plan should take into account the cost of purchasing or renting premises.

Permits/Licenses, Insurance & Business Bank Account

It depends on where you will be operating from but a hardware store business has to be licensed. In most cases it starts from the basic business or company registration that is mandatory. Then you will usually need a hardware store license. You will also have to be registered with the applicable revenue authority for tax purposes. Other types of permits or licenses might be needed depending on the nature of the hardware products or services you deal with. There are countless risk factors associated with running a hardware store. Your hardware store would need insurance cover for at least general liability, property, crime, and workers. You can get more comprehensive details from reputable insurance providers. In addition to all this you must open a business bank account for your hardware store. Desist from using your personal bank account for your hardware store operations. Having a dedicated business bank account streamlines taxation and bookkeeping. It also presents an authentic brand image. It shields you from business debt liability thus protecting your personal assets. In cases where you need to apply for funding it increases your chances of being considered. Costs of insurance and licenses should be included in your hardware store business plan.

Products for a Hardware Store Business

There’s a very broad range of hardware products that you can sell in your hardware store. Some of the broad categories are agricultural implements, tool sets, protective clothing, building materials, electrical items, plumbing supplies, ironwork materials. So the range of products you can sell is quite diverse e.g. cement, bricks, paint, steel rods (or bars), pipes, adhesives, timber products, door frames, window frames ceramics, various kinds of associated accessories, water reservoirs, glassware, safety shoes, nuts, bolts, nails, screws, work suits, various assortments of hand tools and so on.

Your product range can start relatively small and grow as you add more products informed by recurring customer needs. Earlier we discussed about doing market research because it greatly helps you in knowing what to put in stock. Obviously your hardware store business plan should include money for purchasing the hardware products. Usually as a business person you might be having financial challenges to startup the business so it would be important to know what’s in demand and start off with that.

Inventory Management

Inventory management (or inventory control) refers to the recording and tracking of hardware stock in your store.  Proper inventory management is key to having a profitable hardware store business. The goal is to maintain an optimum number or amount of all inventory items. You should be able to have in stock what a customer seeks. You should be able to detect in good time hardware items that need to be replenished. If this is not properly done it leads to disruptions in sales thus negatively affecting the profitability of your hardware store business. In this day and age you are better off using inventory management software than using manual approaches. The ideal setup is to have an electronic point of sale system or software (EPOS) for your hardware store business. An EPOS with an integrated inventory management function is the best.

Business Model

The business model is the fundamental framework that outlines how a hardware store operates, generates revenue, and creates value for its customers. In the hardware store industry, the most common business model involves the sale of a wide range of tools, building materials, hardware, and related products to both individual consumers and contractors. This model often relies on maintaining an extensive inventory of products to meet the diverse needs of customers. Revenue is primarily generated through the sale of these products, with profit margins varying based on the type of items sold.

To enhance profitability, hardware stores often adopt a mix of strategies. They may offer additional services such as tool rental, key cutting, paint mixing, or even repair services for certain tools and equipment. These supplementary services not only generate additional income but also create a more comprehensive customer experience, making the store a one-stop destination for various hardware-related needs.

In recent years, hardware stores have also embraced digital transformation by establishing an online presence. This allows customers to browse products, check inventory, and place orders online, which can significantly expand the store’s reach and customer base. Some hardware stores may also explore e-commerce as a complementary revenue stream, allowing them to tap into a broader market beyond their physical location. Overall, the hardware store business model continues to evolve to meet the changing needs and preferences of customers while remaining grounded in providing essential products and services for home improvement and construction projects.

Competitive Analysis

Competitive analysis is the assessment of the differences between your hardware store’s performance and that of its competitors. The goal is to detect and examine the factors that cause those differences. In essence you are studying your competition in order to outsmart them. What you unearth from competitive analysis informs your business strategy. Identify who your competitors are and segment them e.g. primary (major focus), secondary, and tertiary. Assess their place or stake in the market. Then do a comparison of what they offer and what you intend to offer. When doing competitive analysis for your hardware store business, you are not just assimilating information. The thrust is to identify market gaps which will be the openings you need. Lacking in skillsets and experience on the current players can be a market gap. You will also get to notice some outstanding pain points consumers still struggle with. Maybe there could be a hardware niche or niches that are underserved – those are market gaps. Regulatory and legislative aspects can also provide insights into market gaps. The marks of a well done competitive analysis will be you identifying market gaps.

Staff And Management

The effective running of a hardware business requires a significant workforce. As a rule of thumb staffing needs are always informed by your intended scale of operations. Some of the key areas in this business are operations management, supply chain management, financial management and inventory management. You’ll need cashiers/till operators, general hands, supervisors, shop attendants and customer attendants as some of the vital components of your operations management team.

The operations team will be central to overseeing the supply chain and inventory management aspects. You must understand that smooth flow of a hardware store business entails consistent monitoring and evaluation of stocks. There’s also a need for a seamless framework for timeous sourcing and receipt of stock from suppliers. Financial accounting is critically important for a hardware business so as to empirically keep track of all transactions.

A hardware shop business also draws more customers when it offers delivery services. Having marketing agents is also strategic because marketing needs serious attention in light of the existence of competitors. As you can see, synching and optimizing all these components together requires a strong and dedicated team. The top management will, depending on scale of operations, constitute of either qualified hired personnel or family members. The hardware business plan should include provisions of salaries for all your workforce.

The major causes of failure of hardware stores include poor financial management resulting in losses. No wonder financial accounting must be thoroughly done when running this business. It’s also encouraged that you conduct stock takes regularly, an exercise that’ll feed into your financial management efforts.

Marketing Plan

Digital marketing must be your biggest focus. Get a website developed for the business to have brand visibility online. Buttress this by setting up active social media accounts on Facebook, LinkedIn, WhatsApp, Instagram and Twitter. Leverage on those platforms’ features such as stories, reels, and status updates to daily send out brand awareness content. Take advantage of print (e.g. fliers, posters, banners) and digital (e.g. e-fliers) media for brand awareness. Aim at exhibiting or being at strategic events such as trade fairs, expos, and the like. Explore options to get featured in strategic publications such as blogs, newspapers, podcasts, radio shows, and so on. Come up with promotionals e.g. discounts. Institute a customer loyalty programme which will be instrumental in boosting word of mouth marketing. Engage social media influencers to tap into large pools of potential customers. Overall, strive to devote at least 5 percent of your revenue towards marketing initiatives. The hardware store business plan should include a proper marketing plan for your business.

Market for Hardware Products

There are several customer sources for a hardware shop. These include building and construction (both new constructing projects and renovations), Do It Yourself (DIY) projects, agriculture industry, electrical and plumbing projects, and maintenance work. Property owners carry out renovations, upgrades, repairs on their properties, and to do that they need hardware products.  Other potential customers for a hardware store business include construction companies, organisations, housing cooperatives, schools, private companies, individuals, farmers and the government.

Keys To Profitability

Starting a hardware store business can be a lucrative venture, but like any other business, success depends on various factors. To ensure profitability in your hardware store, it’s crucial to focus on a few key strategies. First and foremost, effective inventory management is essential. Maintaining the right balance of products, avoiding overstocking or understocking, and regularly reviewing your inventory can help reduce carrying costs and increase your bottom line. Additionally, understanding your target market and offering products that cater to their specific needs and preferences can set you apart from the competition and boost sales. Diversifying your product range is essential. Offering a diverse selection of products, including traditional hardware items, seasonal products, tools, gardening supplies, and home improvement materials, can attract a broader customer base and increase sales opportunities throughout the year. Cost control is another crucial aspect of profitability. Carefully monitor expenses and overhead costs, and regularly review your financial statements to identify areas where you can cut unnecessary spending. Negotiating favorable terms with suppliers, considering bulk purchasing for commonly sold items, can help you secure better pricing on products, increasing your profit margins.

An efficient store layout and visual merchandising are critical. Creating an organized and visually appealing store layout that makes it easy for customers to find what they need can encourage impulse purchases and boost overall sales. Proper signage and strategic product placement can further enhance the shopping experience. Provide exceptional customer service. Customers often return to stores where they receive personalized assistance, expert advice, and a pleasant shopping experience. Well-trained and knowledgeable staff can make a significant difference in customer satisfaction and loyalty. Embracing technology and modernizing your hardware store operations can contribute to profitability. Implementing point-of-sale systems, inventory management software, and an online presence can streamline processes, improve efficiency, and attract a wider customer base. Marketing and promotion are indispensable for drawing customers to your hardware store. Utilize a combination of traditional advertising methods, such as local newspapers and flyers, along with digital marketing techniques like social media, email campaigns, and a user-friendly website. Offering promotions, discounts, and loyalty programs can incentivize repeat business and increase revenue.

Advantages Of A Hardware Store Business

Starting a hardware store business offers several compelling advantages that make it a promising venture in the retail industry. First and foremost, hardware stores benefit from a steady and consistent demand for their products. Whether it’s for routine home maintenance, DIY projects, renovations, or construction work, people rely on hardware stores year-round, providing a reliable customer base that can help stabilize your store’s revenue over time. Providing excellent customer service and a well-stocked inventory can lead to repeat business. Many customers return to hardware stores for ongoing projects, maintenance, or additional supplies. Building a loyal customer base can contribute significantly to long-term success.

Another significant advantage is the diverse product range that hardware stores typically offer. From basic tools and fasteners to power equipment and building materials, these establishments cater to a broad spectrum of customers, including homeowners, contractors, do-it-yourself enthusiasts, and hobbyists. This diversity not only broadens your customer base but also increases sales opportunities, as customers often find a wide array of products under one roof, making their shopping experience more convenient. The business is also very profitable. While individual items may have lower profit margins, hardware stores often make up for it through the volume of sales. High inventory turnover and a consistent flow of customers results in healthy overall profit margins.

Additionally, hardware stores tend to be recession-resistant businesses. During economic downturns, people often prioritize home maintenance and smaller-scale improvement projects, rather than undertaking major renovations or new construction. This inclination toward more modest projects can lead to increased sales for hardware stores, making them relatively resilient in challenging economic times. This stability is a compelling advantage for entrepreneurs looking to invest in a business with long-term sustainability.

Why You Need A Hardware Store Business Plan

A business plan is instrumental in helping you comprehend the profitability of your hardware store business by providing a detailed financial analysis. It outlines the expected revenue streams, including sales projections, pricing strategies, and market demand analysis. Moreover, it delves into the various factors that impact profitability, such as operational costs, volumes sold and markup margins. By quantifying these variables and examining their interplay within the plan, you can gain a comprehensive understanding of the financial landscape, enabling you to make informed decisions, identify potential areas for cost optimization, and ultimately enhance the profitability of your hardware store.

A business plan is also an essential tool for securing funding for your hardware store business. It serves as a detailed blueprint that demonstrates your business’s viability, growth potential, and financial projections to potential investors, lenders, or partners. A well-structured business plan showcases your understanding of the market, competition, and target audience, instilling confidence in financiers about the soundness of your venture. It provides a clear roadmap for how you intend to utilize the funding and achieve your business objectives, giving investors assurance that their investment will be wisely used. In essence, a business plan is your persuasive document that not only attracts financial support but also establishes a sense of trust and credibility, making it a vital tool in securing the funding needed to launch or expand your hardware store.

A comprehensive hardware store business plan is an indispensable asset for those embarking on or expanding their hardware store ventures. It provides clarity of vision, enabling you to define your store’s mission, vision, and objectives clearly. Articulating your business’s purpose and outlining your goals ensures that you and your team are on the same page, working towards a common vision. It also serves as a strategic roadmap, delineating the strategies and tactics essential for your hardware store’s growth and development. This roadmap helps in making informed decisions and acts as a reference point for measuring progress and making necessary adjustments in a dynamic market landscape.

Pre-Written Hardware Store Business Plan (PDF, Word And Excel): Comprehensive Version, Short Funding/Bank Loan Version and Automated Financial Statements

For an in-depth analysis of the hardware store business, we encourage you to purchase our well-researched and comprehensive hardware business plan. We introduced the business plans after discovering that many were venturing into the hardware business without enough knowledge and understanding of how to run the business, lack of understanding of the financial side of the business, lack of understanding of : the industry, the risks involved , costs and profitability of the business; which often leads to disastrous losses.

The StartupBiz Global hardware shop business plan will make it easier for you to launch and run your hardware store business successfully, fully knowing what you are going into, and what’s needed to succeed in the business. It will be easier to plan and budget as you will be aware of all the costs involved in setting up and running the hardware business.

Uses of the Hardware Business Plan (PDF, Word And Excel)

The hardware shop business plan can be used for many purposes including:

• Raising capital from investors/friends/relatives
• Applying for a bank loan
• Start-up guide to launch your hardware retail business
• As a hardware store business proposal
• Assessing profitability of the hardware business
• Finding a business partner
• Assessing the initial start-up costs so that you know how much to save
• Manual for current business owners to help in business and strategy formulation

Contents of the Hardware Store Business Plan (PDF, Word And Excel)

The hardware business plan include, but not limited to:

• Industry Analysis
• Marketing Strategy
• Market Analysis
• Financial Statements (monthly cash flow projections, income statements, cash flow statements, balance sheets, break even analysis, payback period analysis, start-up costs, financial graphs, revenue and expenses, Bank Loan Amortization)
• Risk Analysis
• SWOT & PEST Analysis
• Operational Requirements
• Operational Strategy
• Why some people in the hardware business fail, so that you can avoid their mistakes
• Ways to raise capital to start your hardware store business

The hardware business plan package consists of 4 files

• Hardware Store Business Plan – PDF file (Comprehensive Version – 70 Pages)
• Hardware Shop Business Plan – Editable Word File (Comprehensive Version – 70 Pages)
• Hardware Store Business Plan Funding/Bank Loan Version- Editable Word File (Short version for applying for a loan/funding – 44 pages)
• Hardware Store Business Plan Automated Financial Statements – (Editable Excel File)

The business plan can be used in any country and can be easily edited. The financial statements are automated. This implies that you can change eg the percentage markup, salaries etc, and all the other financial statements will automatically adjust to reflect the change. 

Click below to download the Contents Page of the Hardware Store Business Plan (PDF)

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Just wanted to say I am very happy with the business plan and I will gladly recommend your products, thank you very much and have a great day.

Testimonial 1

StartupBiz Global provided a very professional and comprehensive business plan which I used for my business. The business plan was easy to edit, and I was able to get the funding which I wanted. I highly recommend their business plans.

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Get the Hardware Business Plan (PDF, Word And Excel)

Click Buy Now  below to purchase using Paypal, Credit Card, or Debit Card. After you have purchased, you will immediately see the download link for the business plan package on the screen. You will also immediately get an email with the business plan download link. The Pre-written business plan package (PDF, Word, and Excel) costs $30 only!

If you want to purchase multiple business plans at once then click here: Business Plans Store.

The business plan package is a zipped compressed file containing the PDF, Word and Excel documents. To open the package after downloading it, just right click, and select Extract All. If you have any problems in downloading and opening the files, email us on [email protected] and we will assist you.

We wish you the best in your hardware store business! Check out our collection of business plans  , and more business ideas .

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Home » Sample Business Plans » Wholesale & Retail

How to Write a Hardware Store Business Plan [Sample Template]

Are you about starting a hardware store? If YES, here is a complete sample hardware store business plan template & feasibility report you can use for FREE . So we have considered all the requirements for starting a hardware store. We also took it further by analyzing and drafting a sample hardware store business marketing plan template backed up by actionable guerrilla marketing ideas for hardware stores. So let’s proceed to the business planning section .

Why Start a Hardware Store Business?

If you are looking for a business to start as an entrepreneur and you know you have an interest in running a store, then you should consider starting your own hardware store business. Although you don’t need a college degree to establish your own hardware store, but you would need some form of informal training.

It would help you to learn how to manage your own store. It is important to point out that hardware store business is one the businesses that can’t go out of fashion because of the role it plays in our society.  The startup capital for this type of business can be considered to be moderate.

As a matter of fact, you can start your own hardware store and then grow it big within a short period of time by reinvesting your profits back to the business. Below is a sample hardware store business plan template that will help you successfully write yours without much stress

A Sample Hardware Store Business Plan Template

1. industry overview.

Stores in the Hardware Stores industry primarily retail a broad range of home renovation equipment and related supplies. Products such as hardware, plumbing, electrical and paint-related tools et al are the most commonly stocked goods you will likely find in a hardware store.

If you are a follower of happenings in the industry, you would have noticed that the industry has steadily improved over the five years to 2017. As the housing market has strengthened and consumer confidence has revived, individuals have started home improvement projects that had been put on hold during the recession.

Low mortgage rates during the period have also encouraged individuals to purchase and renovate new and existing homes. This flurry of construction activity has boosted demand for industry products from both contractors and do-it-yourself consumers. Going forward, revenue generated by the Hardware Stores industry is projected to grow at a slower rate.

The Hardware Stores Industry is indeed a large industry and pretty much active in all the countries of the world. Statistics have it that in the united states of America alone, there are about 19,935 registered and licensed hardware stores scattered all across the United States responsible for directly employing about 148,516 people and the industry rakes in a whooping sum of $24 billion annually.

The industry is projected to grow at 1.3 percent within 2011 and 2016. It is important to state that Ace Hardware, Do It Best and True Value Company have the largest chunk of the available market share in the industry. A recent report published by IBISWorld shows that the Hardware Stores industry has moderate barriers to entry.

The report further stated that high startup costs and the saturated nature of the market may deter new companies from entering the industry. Operators that plan to enter this industry need to consider the capital investment required to establish or purchase a store.

For example, to be eligible to join True Value Company, prospective operators must have a minimum of $150,000 unencumbered cash available for investment, while the total investment to open an Ace store ranges from $823,495 to $1,563,495, depending on store size and other variable factors. Of the total investment, $150,000 to $250,000 cash is needed.

The tough part as it relates to start-up costs most likely are the need to establish a supply of hardware and other related goods from wholesalers or directly from manufacturing companies. This is so because a hardware store business cannot be started without sourcing products for sale.

Regardless of moderate barriers to entry, the competitive nature of the industry makes it very difficult for new operators to break even within a short period of time in the industry.

Lastly, the Hardware Stores industry is pretty much open for aspiring entrepreneurs to launch their business. One good thing about hardware stores business is that the business can be opened in any part of the United States and if proper market survey and feasibility studies are conducted, then you can be rest assured of the profitability of the business.

2. Executive Summary

Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. is a standard hardware store that will be located in High Street, Short North Arts District, Columbus – Ohio. We have been able to lease a facility that is big enough (a 4 thousand square foot facility) to fit into the design of the kind of standard hardware store that we intend launching and the facility is located in a corner piece along a major road close to one of the largest residential estates in Columbus – Ohio.

Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. will retail products such as hardware, tools, plumbing and electrical supplies, lawn, garden and farm supplies, paint and lumber and other building materials from different manufacturers in the United States and abroad. We are set to service a wide range of clientele in and around Columbus – Ohio.

We are aware that there are several large and small chains of hardware store outlets all around Columbus – Ohio, which is why we spent time and resources to conduct a thorough feasibility studies and market survey so as to be well positioned to favorably compete with all our competitors.

We have an online – service option for our customers, and our outlet is well secured with various payments of options. Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. will ensure that all our customers are given first class treatment whenever they visit our store.

We have a CRM software that will enable us manage a one on one relationship with our customers no matter how large our customer base may grow to. We will ensure that we get our customers involved in the selection of brands that will be in our store and also when making some business decisions that directly affects them.

Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. will at all times demonstrate her commitment to sustainability, both individually and as a firm by actively participating in our communities and integrating sustainable business practices wherever possible.

We will ensure that we hold ourselves accountable to the highest standards by meeting our customers’ needs precisely and completely whenever they patronize our products. Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. is a family business that is owned by Mike Mendez and his immediate family members.

Mike Mendez has a Diploma in Business Administration with over 5 years of experience in the retailing stores industry, working for some of the leading brands in the United States. Although the business is launching out with just one outlet in Columbus – Ohio, but there is a plan to open other outlets in major cities in the United States and Canada.

3. Our Products and Services

Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. is in the hardware stores industry to service a wide range of clients and of course to make profits, which is why we will go all the way to make available a wide range of hardware and other related products from top manufacturing brands in the United States and other countries of the world.

Our product offerings are listed below;

• Retailing hardware
• Retailing tools and equipment
• Retailing plumbing fixtures and fittings
• Retailing electrical supplies
• Retailing paint and supplies
• Retailing garden products and equipment

4. Our Mission and Vision Statement

• Our vision is to become one of the leading brands in the hardware stores industry in Columbus – Ohio and in other key cities in the United States of America and Canada.
• Our mission is to establish a world – class hardware store business that will make available a wide range of hardware and other related products from top manufacturing brands at affordable prices to the residents of Columbus – Ohio and other key cities in the United States of America and Canada where we intend opening chains of hardware retail stores.

Our Business Structure

Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. do not intend to start a hardware retail store business like the usual mom and pop business around the street corner; our intention of starting a hardware retail store business is to build a standard retail store outlet in Columbus – Ohio.

Although our hardware retail store business might not be as big as Ace Hardware, Do It Best and True Value Company et al, but will ensure that we put the right structures in place that will support the kind of growth that we have in mind while setting up the business.

We will ensure that we hire people that are qualified, honest, customer centric and are ready to work to help us build a prosperous business that will benefit all the stakeholders.

As a matter of fact, profit-sharing arrangement will be made available to all our senior management staff and it will be based on their performance for a period of ten years or more. In view of that, we have decided to hire qualified and competent hands to occupy the following positions;

• Chief Executive Officer (Owner)
• Store Manager
• Human Resources and Amin Manager

Merchandize Manager

Sales and Marketing Manager

Information Technologist

• Accountants / Cashiers
• Sales Agents / Customer Services Executive

5. Job Roles and Responsibilities

Chief Executive Officer – CEO:

• Grows management’s effectiveness by employing, selecting, orientating, preparation, coaching, counseling, and disciplining managers; communicating values, strategies, and objectives; assigning accountabilities; planning, monitoring, and appraising job results; developing incentives; developing a climate for offering information and opinions; providing educational opportunities.
• Accountable for fixing prices and signing business deals
• Accountable for providing direction for the business
• Builds, interconnects, and implements the organization’s vision, mission, and overall direction – i.e. leading the development and implementation of the overall organization’s strategy.
• Accountable for signing checks and documents on behalf of the company
• Evaluates the success of the organization

Admin and HR Manager

• Responsible for overseeing the smooth running of HR and administrative tasks for the organization
• Maintains office supplies by checking stocks; placing and expediting orders; evaluating new products.
• Ensures operation of equipment by completing preventive maintenance requirements; calling for repairs.
• Defines job positions for recruitment and managing interviewing process.
• Carries out staff induction for new team members.
• Responsible for training, evaluation and assessment of employees.
• Accountable for arranging travel, meetings and appointments.
• Oversees the smooth running of the daily office cum business activities.

Store Manager:

• Responsible for managing the daily activities in the store.
• Ensures that proper records of hardware and other related products are kept and the warehouse does not run out of products.
• Ensures that the store facility is in tip top shape and goods are properly arranged and easy to locate.
• Interfaces with third – party suppliers.
• Controls hardware distribution and supply chain inventory.
• Oversees the workforce in the hardware sales floor.
• Manages vendor relations, market visits, and the ongoing education and development of the organizations’ buying teams
• Helps to ensure consistent quality of hardware, tools, plumbing and electrical supplies, lawn, garden and farm supplies, paint and sundries and lumber and other building materials et al from different manufacturers are purchased and retailed in good price that will ensure we make good profit
• Accountable for planning sales, monitoring inventory, selecting the merchandise, and writing and pricing orders to vendors
• Manages external research and coordinate all the internal sources of information to retain the organizations’ best customers and attract new ones
• Model demographic information and analyze the volumes of transactional data generated by customer purchases
• Identifies, prioritizes, and reaches out to new partners, and business opportunities et al
• Identifies development opportunities; follows up on development leads and contacts; participates in the structuring and financing of projects; assures the completion of development projects.
• Responsible for supervising implementation, advocate for the customer’s needs, and communicate with clients
• Develops, executes and evaluates new plans for expanding sales
• Document all customer contact and information
• Represents the company in strategic meetings
• Helps to increase sales and growth for the company
• Manages the organization’s website
• Handles ecommerce aspect of the business
• Responsible for installing and maintenance of computer software and hardware for the organization
• Manages logistics and supply chain software, Web servers, e-commerce software and POS (point of sale) systems
• Manages the organization’s CCTV
• Handles any other technological and IT related duties.

Accountant/Cashier:

• Accountable for preparing financial reports, budgets, and financial statements for the organization
• Provides managements with financial analyses, development budgets, and accounting reports; analyzes financial feasibility for the most complex proposed projects; conducts market research to forecast trends and business conditions.
• In control of financial forecasting and risks analysis.
• Performs cash management, general ledger accounting, and financial reporting
• Responsible for developing and managing financial systems and policies
• Responsible for administering payrolls
• Ensures compliance with taxation legislation
• Handles all financial transactions for the organization
• Serves as internal auditor for the organization

Client Service Executive

• Ensures that all contacts with clients (e-mail, walk-In center, SMS or phone) provides the client with a personalized customer service experience of the highest level
• Through interaction with customers on the phone, uses every opportunity to build client’s interest in the company’s products and services
• Consistently stays abreast of any new information on the organizations’ products, promotional campaigns etc. to ensure accurate and helpful information is supplied to customers when they make enquiries
• Finds out the customer’s needs, recommend, select and help locate the right merchandise, describe a product’s features and benefits.
• make suggestions and encourage purchase of products
• Provides information about warranties, manufacturing specifications, care and maintenance of merchandise and delivery options
• Bags or packages purchases
• Responsible for cleaning all the products and the store facility at all times.
• Ensures that toiletries and supplies don’t run out of stock.
• Handles any other duty as assigned by the store manager.

6. SWOT Analysis

Our intention of starting just one outlet of our hardware retail store in Columbus – Ohio is to test run the business for a period of 3 to 5 years to know if we will invest more money, expand the business and then open other outlets all over major towns in Ohio and key cities in the United States.

We are quite aware that there are several hardware retail stores all over Charleston and even in the same location where we intend locating ours, which is why we are following the due process of establishing a business.

We know that if a proper SWOT analysis is conducted for our business, we will be able to position our business to maximize our strength, leverage on the opportunities that will be available to us, mitigate our risks and be equipped to confront our threats.

Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. employed the services of a Business Analyst with bias in retailing to help us conduct a thorough SWOT analysis and to help us create a Business model that will help us achieve our business goals and objectives. This is the summary of the SWOT analysis that was conducted for Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc.;

Ability to control stock on hand, experienced work force and having a loyal customer base are some of our core strength. So also, our location, the business model we will be operating, varieties of payment options, wide range of hardware and other related products from different manufacturing brand and our excellent customer service culture will definitely count as a plus for Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc.

A major weakness that may count against us is the fact that we are a new hardware retail store outlet in Columbus – Ohio and we don’t have the financial capacity to compete with multi – million dollars’ hardware retail store outlets like Ace Hardware, Do It Best and True Value Company and co when it comes to retailing at rock bottom prices.

• Opportunities:

The fact that we are going to be operating our hardware retail store in a corner piece property along a major road close to one of the largest residential estates in Columbus – Ohio provides us with unlimited opportunities to sell our hardware and other related products to a large number of individuals.

We have been able to conduct thorough feasibility studies and market survey and we know what our potential clients will be looking for when they visit our hardware store outlets.

Just like any other business, one of the major threats that we are likely going to face is economic downturn. Another threat that may likely confront us is the arrival of a new hardware store in same location where ours is located. So also, unfavorable government policies may also pose a threat to businesses such as ours.

7. MARKET ANALYSIS

• Market Trends

Recent trends in the hardware industry show that external competition has slightly dampened both industry revenue and profit growth. Hardware stores have shifted business models to deal with heightened external competition and they will continue to be pressured by online retailers and larger home improvement stores. Experts projected that in 2017, the hardware stores industry is expected to profit from growing global economic conditions.

The hardware retail stores landscape has seen tremendous changes in the last 20 years; it has grown from the smaller outlets to a more organized and far reaching venture. The introduction of franchise and online store makes it easier for a hardware retailer to reach out to a larger market far beyond the areas where his physical store is located.

8. Our Target Market

Those who patronize hardware stores cut across all genders above 18 years with the financial means, and who own an apartment or office/business hence the target market for the hardware store business is all encompassing. In essence, your target market can’t be restricted to just a group of people but all those who reside in and around our store location.

In view of that, we have positioned our hardware retail store to service the residents of High Street, Short North Arts District, Columbus – Ohio and every other location where franchise cum outlets of our hardware retail stores will be located.

We have conducted our market research and feasibility studies and we have ideas of what our target market would be expecting from us. We are in business to retail a wide range of hardware and other related products to the following groups of people and corporate organizations;

• Construction and Real Estate Companies
• Banks, Insurance Companies and other related Financial Institutions
• Real Estate Owners, Developers, and Contractors
• The Government (Public works department)
• Schools (High Schools, Colleges and Universities)
• Sport Facilities
• Individuals and households

Our Competitive Advantage

A close study of the hardware stores industry reveals that the market has become much more intensely competitive over the last decade. As a matter of fact, you have to be highly creative, customer centric and proactive if you must survive in this industry.

We are aware of the stiff competition and we are well prepared to compete favorably with other leading stores in Columbus – Ohio and throughout the United States. Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. is launching a standard one stop hardware store that will indeed become the preferred choice of residents of Columbus – Ohio and every other location where our outlets will be opened.

One thing is certain; we will ensure that we have a wide range of hardware and other related products from leading manufacturers available in our store at all times. It will be difficult for customers to visit our store and not see the type of hardware they are looking for. Our excellent customer service culture, online store, various payment options and highly secured facility will serve as a Competitive Advantage for us.

Lastly, our employees will be well taken care of, and their welfare package will be among the best within our category in the industry meaning that they will be more than willing to build the business with us and help deliver our set goals and achieve all our aims and objectives. We will also give good working conditions and commissions to freelance sales agents that we will recruit from time to time.

9. SALES AND MARKETING STRATEGY

• Sources of Income

Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. is in business to retail a wide range of hardware and other related products to the residents of Columbus – Ohio. We are in the hardware stores industry to maximize profit and we are going to go all the way out to ensure that we achieve or business goals and objectives.

Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. will generate income by selling the following products;

10. Sales Forecast

When it comes to hardware retail stores, if your store is well stocked with various types of hardware and centrally positioned, you will always attract customers cum sales and that will sure translate to increase in revenue generation for the business.

We are well positioned to take on the available market in Columbus – Ohio and we are quite optimistic that we will meet our set target of generating enough income from the first six months of operation and grow the business and our clientele base.

We have been able to critically examine the hardware retail industry, we have analyzed our chances in the industry and we have been able to come up with the following sales forecast. The sales projections are based on information gathered on the field and some assumptions that are peculiar to startups in Columbus – Ohio.

Below are the sales projections for Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. it is based on the location of our business and other factors as it relates to hardware retail startups in the United States;

• First Fiscal Year: $250,000
• Second Fiscal Year: $450,000
• Third Fiscal Year: $750,000

N.B : This projection was done based on what is obtainable in the industry and with the assumption that there won’t be any major economic meltdown and there won’t be any major competitor within our market space. Please note that the above projection might be lower and at the same time it might be higher.

• Marketing Strategy and Sales Strategy

Before choosing a location for Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. we conducted a thorough market survey and feasibility studies in order for us to penetrate the available market. We have detailed information and data that we were able to utilize to structure our business to attract the number of customers we want to attract per time.

We hired experts who have good understanding of the hardware retail industry to help us develop marketing strategies that will help us achieve our business goal of winning a larger percentage of the available market in Columbus – Ohio.

In other to continue to be in business and grow, we must continue to sell the hardware and other related products that are available in our store which is why we will go all out to empower or sales and marketing team to deliver. In summary, Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. will adopt the following sales and marketing approach to win customers over;

• Open our store in a grand style with a party for all.
• Introduce our hardware store by sending introductory letters alongside our brochure to residents, businesses and other key stakeholders in Columbus – Ohio.
• Ensure that we have a wide range of hardware and other related products from different brands at all times.
• Make use of attractive hand bills to create awareness and also to give direction to our store.
• Position our signage/flexi banners at strategic places around Columbus – Ohio
• Position our greeters to welcome and direct potential customers.
• Create a loyalty plan that will enable us reward our regular customers.
• Engage in roadshows within our neighborhood to create awareness for our hardware retail store.
• List our business and products on yellow pages ads (local directories).
• Leverage on the internet to promote our business.
• Engage in direct marketing and sales
• Encourage the use of Word of mouth marketing (referrals).
• Join local chambers of commerce and industries to network and market our products.

11. Publicity and Advertising Strategy

Despite the fact that our hardware retail store is well located, we will still go ahead to intensify publicity for the business. We are going to explore all available means to promote our hardware retail store.

Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. has a long-term plan of opening outlets in various locations all around Ohio and key cities in the United States and Canada which is why we will deliberately build our brand to be well accepted in Columbus – Ohio before venturing out.

As a matter of fact, our publicity and advertising strategy is not solely for winning customers over but to effectively communicate our brand. Here are the platforms we intend leveraging on to promote and advertise Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc.;

• Place adverts on community based newspapers, radio and TV stations.
• Encourage the use of word of mouth publicity from our loyal customers.
• Leverage on the internet and social media platforms like YouTube, Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Snapchat, Google+ and other platforms to promote our business.
• Ensure that we position our banners and billboards in strategic positions all around Columbus – Ohio.
• Distribute our fliers and handbills in target areas in and around our neighborhood.
• Advertise our hardware retail store business in our official website and employ strategies that will help us pull traffic to the site.
• Brand all our official cars and trucks and ensure that all our staff members and management staff wears our branded shirt or cap at regular intervals.

12. Our Pricing Strategy

Aside from quality, pricing is one of the key factors that gives leverage to hardware retail stores, it is normal for consumers to go to places where they can get hardware and other related products at cheaper price.

In view of that, our prices will conform to what is obtainable in the industry but we will ensure that within the first 6 to 12 months, our products will be sold a little bit below the average price of various hardware stores in the United States of America. We have put in place business strategies that will help us run on low profits for a period of 6 months; it is a way of encouraging people to buy into our brand.

• Payment Options

The payment policy adopted by Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. is all inclusive because we are quite aware that different customers prefer different payment options as it suits them but at the same time, we will ensure that we abide by the financial rules and regulation of the United States of America.

Here are the payment options that Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. will make available to her clients;

• Payment via bank transfer
• Payment with cash
• Payment via credit cards/Point of Sale Machines (POS Machines)
• Payment via online bank transfer
• Payment via check
• Payment via mobile money transfer
• Payment via bank draft

In view of the above, we have chosen banking platforms that will enable our client make payment for our hardware and other related purchases without any stress on their part. Our bank account numbers will be made available on our website and promotional materials to clients who may want to deposit cash or make online transfer for our products.

13. Startup Expenditure (Budget)

From our market survey and feasibility studies, we have been able to come up with a detailed budget on achieving our aim of establishing a standard hardware shop in Columbus – Ohio and here are the key areas where we will spend our startup capital;

• The total fee for registering the business in the Unites States of America – $750.
• Legal expenses for obtaining licenses and permits as well as the accounting services (software, P.O.S machines and other software) – $3,300.
• Marketing promotion expenses for the grand opening of Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. in the amount of $3,500 and as well as flyer printing (2,000 flyers at $0.04 per copy) for the total amount of $3,580.
• The cost for hiring business consultant – $2,500.
• Insurance (general liability, workers’ compensation and property casualty) coverage at a total premium – $2,400.
• The cost for payment of rent for 12 months at $1.76 per square feet in the total amount of $105,600.
• The cost for shop remodeling (construction of racks and shelves) – $20,000.
• Other start-up expenses including stationery ($500) and phone and utility deposits ( $2,500 ).
• Operational cost for the first 3 months (salaries of employees, payments of bills et al) – $60,000
• The cost for start-up inventory  – $350,000
• The cost for counter area equipment – $9,500
• The cost for store equipment (cash register, security, ventilation, signage) – $13,750
• The cost of purchase and installation of CCTVs: $10,000
• The cost for the purchase of office furniture and gadgets (Computers, Printers, Telephone, TVs, Sound System, tables and chairs et al): $4,000.
• The cost of launching a website: $600
• The cost for our opening party: $7,000
• Miscellaneous: $10,000

We would need an estimate of $750,000 to successfully set up a standard hardware retail store in Columbus – Ohio.

Generating Funds/Startup Capital for Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc.

Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. is a private registered business that is solely owned and financed by Mike Mendez and his immediate family members. They do not intend to welcome any external business partner which is why he has decided to restrict the sourcing of the startup capital to 3 major sources.

These are the areas we intend generating our startup capital;

• Generate part of the startup capital from personal savings
• Source for soft loans from family members and friends
• Apply for loan from my Bank

N.B: We have been able to generate about $250,000 (Personal savings $200,000 and soft loan from family members $50,000) and we are at the final stages of obtaining a loan facility of $500,000 from our bank. All the papers and documents have been signed and submitted, the loan has been approved and any moment from now our account will be credited with the amount.

14. Sustainability and Expansion Strategy

The future of a business lies in the number of loyal customers that they have, the capacity and competence of their employees, their investment strategy and the business structure. If all of these factors are missing from a business, then it won’t be too long before the business closes shop.

One of our major goals of starting Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. is to build a business that will survive off its own cash flow without the need for injecting finance from external sources once the business is officially running.

We know that one of the ways of gaining approval and winning customers over is to retail our wide range of products such as hardware, tools, plumbing and electrical supplies, lawn, garden and farm supplies, paint and sundries and lumber and other building materials et al from different manufacturers (brands) a little bit cheaper than what is obtainable in the market and we are well prepared to survive on lower profit margin for a while.

Mike Mendez® Hardware Stores, Inc. will make sure that the right foundation, structures and processes are put in place to ensure that our staff welfare are well taken of. Our company’s corporate culture is designed to drive our business to greater heights and training and retraining of our workforce is at the top burner.

We know that if that is put in place, we will be able to successfully hire and retain the best hands we can get in the industry; they will be more committed to help us build the business of our dreams.

Check List/Milestone

• Business Name Availability Check: Completed
• Business Registration: Completed
• Opening of Corporate Bank Accounts: Completed
• Securing Point of Sales (POS) Machines: Completed
• Opening Mobile Money Accounts: Completed
• Opening Online Payment Platforms: Completed
• Application and Obtaining Tax Payer’s ID: In Progress
• Application for business license and permit: Completed
• Purchase of Insurance for the Business: Completed
• Leasing of facility and remodeling the shop: In Progress
• Conducting Feasibility Studies: Completed
• Generating capital from family members: Completed
• Applications for Loan from the bank: In Progress
• Writing of Business Plan: Completed
• Drafting of Employee’s Handbook: Completed
• Drafting of Contract Documents and other relevant Legal Documents: In Progress
• Design of The Company’s Logo: Completed
• Graphic Design and Printing of Promotional Materials: In Progress
• Recruitment of employees: In Progress
• Purchase of the needed furniture, racks, shelves, computers, electronic appliances, office appliances and CCTV: In progress
• Creating Official Website for the Company: In Progress
• Creating Awareness for the business both online and around the community: In Progress
• Health and Safety and Fire Safety Arrangement (License): Secured
• Opening party planning: In Progress
• Compilation of our list of products that will be available in our store: Completed
• Establishing business relationship with vendors – manufacturers and suppliers of hardware and other related products: In Progress

More on Wholesale & Retail

Sample Hardware Store Business Plan

Do you wish to develop a hardware store business plan?

The success of such a great business idea largely rests on a strategy or plan .

The absence of such a plan is bound to affect the business development. As a crucial tool to business success, we’ve provided a template to follow in writing your hardware store business plan.

HARDWARE STORE BUSINESS PLAN SAMPLE

By following the key sections included you’re able to put in place a streamlined plan of action. Of course, your hardware store business plan needs to be implemented in the letter.

Here, we’ll be discussing all of that and more. We welcome you to read on to find such details.

A Good Hardware Store Business Plan Must have these Sections

Before we go any further, it’s pertinent to provide a framework around which the plan will be written. Here, we’re talking about must-have sections that are key to a good plan.

These include the executive summary, company description, and the products & services sections.

Others are the market analysis, strategy & implementation, organization & management team as well as the financial plan & projection sections.

i. Executive Summary

As a brief introduction and summary of your hardware store business plan, this section should be concise enough to grab the attention of your reader.

Here, you want to give them a reason why they should read through your entire plan.

The executive summary clearly defines whether the business idea is viable or not.

More importantly, it provides an implementable plan of action that is systematically followed. To make it quick and easy to read, your executive summary should have an average of one to four pages.

You want your executive summary to make up about 10% of your entire business plan. Within this section are key subsections such as the business name & location as well as the products & services sections.

Others include the mission & vision statements, and the purpose of the plan.

Business Name & Location

What’s the identity of your hardware store business? Of key importance is the name it will go by. Another detail that needs to be included in its location.

With this information, the reader understands your business from very scratch.

Products & Services

Although there’s a product and services section in the wider plan, this must also be included in your executive summary. Now, only the basics need to be captured here.

For a fuller detail of all products and services offered by your hardware store, the reader will need to read the plan.

You’re expected to have worked out all your hardware store products and/or related services well in advance. This may require research on your part. Ensure the basics are captured under this section.

Mission & Vision

This section explains crucial areas of your plan. The mission and vision statements set the performance standards for your hardware store business plan. What more?

They help provide employees with set goals to attain, thus promoting efficiency.

Your mission statement should be action-oriented in nature.

Here, an explanation of your business’s purpose and what benefits it has for clients is provided. It should also include your business’s goals and its core functions.

Your vision statement should give a vivid mental image of your hardware store business. Here, the image of what you intend to be at some point in the future is provided. This is largely based on your goals and aspirations.

Purpose of the Plan

What’s the purpose of your plan? Every business plan has a purpose and yours shouldn’t be any different.

Whatever it is, it must include set strategies and attract investors.

ii. Company Description

The company description section of your hardware store business plan focuses on key areas such as the legal structure, the business’ history, as well as the needs you intend to meet. What more?

Consider including an overview of products and services and also a company growth summary.

Another detail that must be added is your short and long-term business goals. More importantly, you’ll need to show investors your plans for making a profit.

iii. Products & Services

This was earlier discussed as a subsection under the executive summary.

Here, you’ll need to add all the important details like the description of such services and products. Information on the market role of your products as well as its advantages must be stated.

What’s the life cycle of your hardware products? All relevant information on patents, copyright, or trade secrets should be added. Are new products in the works?

Include information on any or other ongoing developmental activities.

iv. Market Analysis

In this section of your plan, you’ll need to show significant industry knowledge.

This level of understanding largely depends on thorough market research. Here, you’ll be providing a representation or sketch of targeted market segments.

A description of the hardware store industry will also be in order. Its outlook, as well as supporting statistics, are also necessary to gain a fuller and more robust understanding of what your business is about.

Also include information on historical, current, and projected marketing data for services and products.

An assessment of your competitors is also in order. Here, you’re looking at their strengths as well as weaknesses.

v. Strategy & Implementation

With the help of an operating plan, you’re able to implement your sales and marketing strategy.

Under this section, you’re looking at costing details, pricing, promotion as well as distribution or logistics. Your strategy and implementation section must also provide promotion details and how your products will enter the market.

How will your hardware store business function? Include details on labor sources as well as the number of employees.

vi. Organization & Management Team

This is the bedrock upon which every business is structured.

Your hardware store business will need an efficient management team in place. Provide details on this by including an organizational chart with key employees highlighted.

There should be additional information on owners, their names, percentage ownership, as well the extent of their involvement. Include a profile of your management team with names, positions, responsibilities, and experience provided.

vii. Financial Plan & Projections

The financial plan and projections section is a crucial component of your hardware store business plan. Here, the help of a financial expert such as a professional accountant is needed.

Details to include are the historical financial data with balance sheets, income statements, and cash flow statements spanning the past three to five years.

There should be realistic prospective financial data. This includes balance sheets, forecasted income statements, cash flow statements, and capital expenditure.

With all of these key sections and details included in your hardware store business plan, your chances for success are greatly improved.

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Hardware Store Business Plan PDF Download

How to Start a Retail Business - Hardware Store Business Plan PDF

Are you considering starting a Retail Business and you’re in need of a hardware store business plan PDF? if yes, you'll find this free book to be extremely helpful.

This is a practical guide that will walk you step by step through all the essentials of starting your business. The book is packed with guides, worksheets and checklists. These strategies are absolutely crucial to your business' success yet are simple and easy to apply.

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Checklist for Starting a Retail Business: Essential Ingredients for Success

If you are thinking about going into business, it is imperative that you watch this video first! it will take you by the hand and walk you through each and every phase of starting a business. It features all the essential aspects you must consider BEFORE you start a business. This will allow you to predict problems before they happen and keep you from losing your shirt on dog business ideas. Ignore it at your own peril!

Here’s a Valuable Free Gift for You This is a high quality, full blown business plan template complete with detailed instructions and all related spreadsheets. You can download it to your PC and easily prepare a professional business plan for your business. Click Here! To get your free business plan template

The Single Most Important Ingredient for Business Success

The first and most important thing you need to acquire in order to succeed in a small business is... knowledge.

Sounds exaggerated? Listen to this...

According to research conducted by Dun & Bradstreet, 90% of all small business failures can be traced to poor management resulting from lack of knowledge.

This is backed up by my own personal observations. In my 31 years as a business coach and consultant to small businesses, I've seen practically dozens of small business owners go under and lose their businesses -- not because they weren't talented or smart enough -- but because they were trying to re-invent the wheel rather than rely on proven, tested methods that work.

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"Why Invent Mediocrity, When You Can Copy Genius?"

That's an excellent quote I picked up from a fellow business owner a few years back. What this means is that you should see what is working and try to duplicate Printing Business. Why go through all the trouble of inventing something new, that you don't even know will ever work, when you can easily learn from and duplicate something that has been a proven success?

[ Note: One of the BIGGEST mistakes almost all new businesses make is that they WASTE tons of valuable time, energy and money on trying to create something "new", that has never been tested or proven... only to find out later that it was a total loss. Don't make the same mistake! ]

Hi! My name is Meir. I'm the founder and president of BizMove.com, a successful internet based information business. I'm also the author of numerous books, mostly in the area of small business management.

I've been involved in small business for the past 31 years of my life, as a business coach, manager of a consulting firm, a seminar leader and as the owner of five successful businesses.

During my career as a business coach and consultant I've helped dozens of business owners start their businesses, market, expand, get out of troubles, sell their businesses and do practically every other small business activity you can think of. You see, I have been there .... done it ... and bought the Small Business t-shirt! -- This free book contains techniques and strategies I've learned during my 31 year small business career.

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Success Tip: Setting Goals

Good management is the key to success and good management starts with setting goals. Set goals for yourself for the accomplishment of the many tasks necessary in starting and managing your business successfully. Be specific. Write down the goals in measurable terms of performance. Break major goals down into sub-goals, showing what you expect to achieve in the next two to three months, the next six months, the next year, and the next five years. Beside each goal and sub-goal place a specific date showing when it is to be achieved.

Plan the action you must take to attain the goals. While the effort required to reach each sub-goal should be great enough to challenge you, it should not be so great or unreasonable as to discourage you. Do not plan to reach too many goals all at one time.

Establish priorities. Plan in advance how to measure results so you can know exactly how well you are doing. This is what is meant by "measurable" goals. If you can’t keep score as you go along you are likely to lose motivation. Re-work your plan of action to allow for obstacles which may stand in your way. Try to foresee obstacles and plan ways to avert or minimize them.

Click here! to download your hardware store business plan PDF book for free

Here're other free books in the "how to start a business" series that may interest you:

Here's a Sample 'Executive Summary' for a Retail Business plan :

[COMPANY NAME] will be a sole proprietorship owned by [NAME]. The Company is a start-up as [NAME] will purchase the rights to the existing location for $75,000. Upon purchase of the rights, the Company will demolish the existing structure and build a new State of the Art hardware store.

[COMPANY NAME] will be a standard general hardware store that offers the parts, material, and advice to tackle any home repair, as well as lawn care. The primary focus will be to satisfy the seasonal needs of the area's customers.

The Company will service the hardware and repair needs of the Pickaway, Fairfield, Hocking and Ross County households. The Company would like to increase sales in all market segments above with a concentration of growth in sales to homeowners who do their own repairs. The focus of this business plan is to put forth objectives to launch operations, work efficiently and effectively, and expand internal operations giving the Company the opportunity to grow with sales growth in the surrounding County areas. [COMPANY NAME] is ready to elevate to the next step. The Company is seeking grant funding in the amount of $600,000. The grant funding will be used to launch operations including purchasing the existing land & business, construction of a new Building and purchasing equipment and displays for the store. Additionally, the Company will purchase the opening inventory, develop a website and launch an advertising campaign.

1.1 Objectives

[COMPANY NAME] has the following objectives. 1. Obtain Grant funding to purchase an existing hardware store and rebuild the retail space. 2. Customer Service - Give our customers the highest quality product and service at a fair competitive price. 3. To create a safe environment for people in the community to come for their hardware store needs. 4. To provide jobs within the community. 5. To successfully manage a hardware store.

1.2 Mission

The mission of [COMPANY NAME] is to offer quality hardware products in a customer-friendly shopping environment. Our customers will get assistance quickly and will leave the store prepared to get the job done right the first time. [COMPANY NAME] will also focus on anticipating the seasonal needs of its customers and providing the best products at competitive prices.

  1.3 Keys to Success

The keys to success for [COMPANY NAME] are: 1. Location: [COMPANY NAME] will be assuming ownership of an existing hardware store. The Company plans to demolish the existing building and build a new State of the Art hardware store. We will have an existing base of customers. 2. Seasonal Products: Each season has it own unique demand on a homeowner. [COMPANY NAME] will focus on this pattern and bring in local customers by marketing these items at competitive prices. 3. Repair/Project Resource Area: The first section customers will find when they enter is a repair/project resource area that they can use to plan repairs or projects. There will be a repair/project resource person to answer questions and direct them to the section of store where the needed products are. 4. In-Store Expertise: Store employees will be knowledgeable in home repairs/projects. In addition, the repair/project resource area will be used to conduct short trainings and demonstrations in home repair and home projects.

[COMPANY NAME] [NAME] [ADDRESS] [CITY, STATE ZIP] Phone: XXX-XXX-XXXX [EMAIL] [COMPANY NAME] will be a sole proprietorship owned by [NAME]. The Company is a start-up as [NAME] will purchase the rights to the existing location for $75,000. Upon purchase of the rights, the Company will demolish the existing structure and build a new State of the Art hardware store. [COMPANY NAME] offers the parts, material, and advice to tackle any home repair, as well as lawn care. The store's owner, [NAME], has worked in the existing hardware store helping the current owner and customers. [NAME] has built a relationship with the existing customer base.

The current plan for [COMPANY NAME] is to obtain grant funding in the amount of $600,000. 

2.1 Company Ownership

[COMPANY NAME] will be a sole proprietorship owned 100% by [NAME]. [NAME] has been a resident of Tarlton community for over 36 years. 

2.2 Start-up Summary

[COMPANY NAME] will purchase the existing business for $75,000. As the existing structure is in such disrepair, the Company will consider the purchase price as cost of the land. The following is a detailed cost estimate for construction and start-up expenses of the facility: 

 Start-up costs and initial financing are shown on the following tables and chart.

Table: Start-up

3.0 products.

[COMPANY NAME] will be a standard general hardware store that offers the parts, material, and advice to tackle any home repair, as well as lawn care. The primary focus will be to satisfy the seasonal needs of the area's customers. Fall/Winter: Weatherization projects. Spring: Garden/lawn projects/home improvement projects. Summer: Outdoor building projects. Become A Better Leader Tomorrow By Using These Tips Today! You need the right set of skills to be a great leader. You may be born with some leadership skills. If not, they can be learned with a little bit of work and research. Use these tips to get started on training yourself to be the best leader you can be. Be confident in a decision before you share it with others. If you look indecisive, that will cause those beneath you to be indecisive as well. Not only that, but indecision causes others to be able to try to take your position. Instead, deliberate in private before you make any announcements. Be sure to finish everything you start or you risk losing the respect of the people that work under you. Even if something seems particularly difficult, you should give it your all and see it through to the end. No one will look at you the same if you turn into a quitter. Learn to take responsibility for things, even those that are not your fault. A great leader understands that when the team fails, everyone fails. Instead of placing blame on individual members of the team, a great leader will know that something about the way he leads the team may be the reason for the failure. Being a leader means taking action. It doesn't matter how many good ideas you have if all they ever do is take up space in your head. Develop a plan and put your idea into action. Focus on the outcome you would like to achieve and focus your energy on making it happen. To be a good business leader, always keep an eye out for more than your current problems and urgent matters. What that means is to always be open to opportunities that present themselves. You never know when you might make the right potential professional contact or see a chance to make some money suddenly. Always be prepared for these moments. Get to know the truly talented performers underneath you. Great employees are hard to come by, and harder to keep. Learn what their personal ambitions are in life. The more you are able to synergize their dreams with your business' goals, the longer you can retain them and their productivity. Keep in mind that hope is not always a good thing. If you or your business are involved in a situation that has an inevitable and bad ending, do what is necessary to terminate the situation and move on. Employees will never forgive blind optimism in such circumstances, and it's better for everyone to have a bad situation behind them as soon as possible. You may be a leader, or manager, but you are a human first. We all make mistakes from time to time. If you find that you have made a mistake, do not try to hide it, hoping no one will find out. You will attain a new level of respect by admitting your mistakes to your team, asking for their input and even apologizing for a mistake. Anyone in a leadership role should be concerned about trust. You must be able to trust your team, or workforce, and they must also be able to trust you. Try having a meeting periodically with a small group, where trust issues are discussed, and solved. Look for good articles on the subject of trust in the workplace, and read them with your group, giving each other feedback and suggestions. Learn to delegate properly. A good leader know that they cannot handle everything alone. They need others to do certain tasks. That doesn't mean delegating all of your responsibilities to others, but if you know someone on your team wants to help or can do a certain task better than you, pass it on to them. This will keep things moving forward by letting you work on other tasks that need completed. Become a good decision maker. Leaders are generally known for their good choices. Sometimes it requires risk taking. If you can do so quickly, using your knowledge and intuition, then others will want to follow you. Avoid second guessing yourself. Sometimes the best decisions do not work out the way you assumed they would; however, you can still learn from these decisions. Have a vision. Planning for the future is important. Things might be great now, but will it still be a year from now? What about ten years from now? Try to keep abreast of any change that might be relevant to your business. Shape your plans and your vision accordingly. Establish clear communication channels. Your team should always be fully informed of every aspect of the project, including any deadlines that need to be met. Having good communication with your team will help establish your credibility as a leader and gaining their support. Your team should also feel free to contact you with questions or constructive feedback. Get to know each of your employees one-on-one within the business environment. Find out what they like about their job, what they don't like and the things they would change. Try to check in with every employee periodically. These one-on-one meetings should be informal and you should not be threatening when you spend this time with your employees. An effective leader must be able to remain level-headed in the event of major catastrophes, such as a natural disaster, power outage, or scandal. The ability to be decisive is critical, especially when the group is in imminent danger. This entails making your presence and participation known, clearly communicating expectations, and reducing uncertainty. Keep an open mind about how you lead and the most effective ways to complete a task. Even if you feel like you have everything in the bag, others have a lot to contribute, and listening to their perspective might just make the tasks at hand easier or better. Remember this, and never be afraid to change course if necessary. You were born with some of the skill required to be a great leader. Work on the skills you do not have by researching techniques and practicing your skills. Using the information in this article is a great way to start. Use the tips and tricks listed above to learn those skills you were not born with.

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Hardware Retail Franchise Business Plan Sample

AUG.09, 2022

Hardware retail franchise business plan for starting your own business

Whether it be a technological thing such as a computer or a purely natural setting such as a garden, hardware installation is a must. In addition to the usage of big hardware tools, smaller ones like miniature screwdrivers are also increasing in demand. And the demand for sophisticated hardware and tools is expected to increase even more.

So, if you are wondering whether or not you should open a hardware store with franchise, you should keep all the worries aside and read this blog. In this business plan we will be listing all the details of Sam Hardware World, a hardware retail franchise in New York City. It will help you in knowing how to set up a hardware business in the United States. 

Moreover, the financial part would give you an insight into the profits you can earn via it. You could also discover whether or not you need to also consult business plan for loan to launch the startup.

Executive Summary

2.1 the business.

Sam Hardware World will be based in New York City. The business will operate in both B2B and B2C modes. The startup aims at providing hardware for setting ranging from technological to household to business offices.

2.2 Management of hardware retail franchise business

To manage hardware retail the first step is to create a business plan for a hardware store . In that business plan you must enlist all the equipment to be procured and personnel you must staff to manage the operations. Since the business activity overlaps with other businesses as well, you will need to consult retail discount store business plan and toy business plan as well besides the hardware retail franchise business plan.

In this sample business plan for a hardware franchise, we’ll explain how Sam conducted and managed his business. Since he underwent the procedure to get a franchise, you can also see this if you need to study a business plan for a franchise .

2.3 Customers of hardware retail franchise business

Knowing the customers before starting a business will help you in understanding their demands, likes, and purchasing power. The customers of the hardware retail franchise business are:

• Construction Enterprises
• Educational Institutes

2.4 Business Target

Sam Hardware World aims at boosting sales at a specified rate after regular intervals that will be mentioned later in this sample. The financial targets for the first three years are given in this graph:

Company Summary

3.1 company owner.

Sam has acquired a degree in management sciences. After working as a business consultant in a tech firm for two years, he decided to capitalize on hardware store franchise opportunities.

3.2 Why the hardware retail franchise business is being started

Sam started the hardware shop business to benefit from the perks of doing one’s own business. He had unique hardware business ideas thus he decided to step only into this type of enterprise.

3.3 How the hardware retail franchise business will be started

Step1: Conduct Research

The first step is to research the types of hardware businesses with a special focus on franchise hardware stores. You must search for hardware store franchises for sale and select the best among them.

Step2: Make Hardware Business Plan

Next, you will have to devise a hardware shop business plan to ensure you systematically carry out the operations of your business. In your business plan for hardware shop, you should enumerate in detail the executive plan, marketing plan, sales strategy, and financial plan.

Step3: Set up the Hardware Store

In the next stage, you must acquire the place where you would be installing your setup. While procuring the equipment, it is equally important to start recruiting talent.

Step4: Market & Establish a Web Presence

To reach your target customers, you will need to exploit the media platforms and websites to get renowned.

Step5: Manage Finance

Last, you will have to create balance sheets for cost analysis and determining prospective profits.

Services of hardware retail franchise business

If you are thinking of starting a hardware business you must want to know are hardware stores profitable? Well, running a store can be extremely profitable provided you have some unique ideas. To get them, you should search for how to start a hardware business or how to start a store, mark your location, and analyze what others in the domain are doing. Your prospects will depend on your research on potential localities and selecting the right one for launching your franchise hardware store.

• Technical Hardware Products

Our major products will be hardware related to technology use such as computers and components, input and output devices, mobile parts and accessories, etc.

• Construction Hardware

The second category of our products will include hardware that is needed during construction projects.

• Garden Décor & Hardware 

We’ll also provide hardware that is generally needed by households and institutions to set up the deck, or do landscaping. 

• General Tools

We’ll also provide hardware tools that are required for minor and major repairs.

Marketing Analysis of hardware retail franchise business

Before you open a hardware store you must undergo a thorough analysis of all the available markets and explore hardware store franchise opportunities related to each market. It is to first, determine your customer groups, and second, identify the market trends and the price you can set provided your financial targets. The rates of your competitors in retail store hardware businesses and purchasing power of your target customers should also be catered to in the analysis.

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Considering the importance of accurate marketing analysis in the business plan, you should hire a marketing expert. However, for a rough idea, you can search on your own on how to start a hardware company and the best locations to open a hardware franchise. 

In this hardware shop business plan pdf we are providing the details of Sam Hardware World. 

5.1 Market Trends

According to IBISWorld, nearly 15k hardware stores are running successfully in the United States. If you go through the hardware store financial district and some hardware retailing magazines you can see that the market size has reached $36 billion in the US alone. Therefore, the market trends are going right and you should not worry about the prospects if you completely understand how to start a hardware store and conduct it. Source – https://www.ibisworld.com/united-states/market-research-reports/hardware-stores-industry/#IndustryStatisticsAndTrends

5.2 Marketing Segmentation

In this section, you should divide the whole population into distinct groups of your target customers. Since the customer groups of hardware stores overlap with other businesses, you can take help from business plan for video game store as well as business plan for farmers market .

5.2.1 Construction Enterprises

Our biggest group of customers will belong to the construction enterprise. They are expected to procure our hardware specified for their work as well as the general tools that are needed for generic tasks.

5.2.2 Offices

The second category of our target customers will be the offices. They will avail of our services and products mainly for setting up the office spaces. The products they would need would range from printers and computers to electronics.

5.2.3 Households

The third category of our target customers comprises households who will need all of our products but in a minor number. Their purchases can be related to technological items as well as garden & yard tools.

5.2.4 Educational Institutes

Educational institutes will also be a group of our target customers as they will be needing the same products that are demanded by offices and households.

5.3 Business Target

The business targets of Sam Hardware World are:

• Attaining a CSAT score of more than 90% within a year of our launch
• Expand the product line by the end of the first year

5.4 Product Pricing

For the first year, we aim at keeping our prices lower than that of our competitors. Afterward, we’ll bring them in the same range as theirs.

Marketing Strategy of hardware retail franchise business

If you are looking for a marketing plan, you have landed on the right page. In this business plan sample, we’re providing a detailed business plan for Sam Hardware World.

6.1 Competitive Analysis

• Our location is ideal for a hardware store. It is because we have several colleges, offices, and small businesses in our vicinity. In addition, the residential community is also not far away.
• We will be offering discounts to construction managers so that they procure the hardware from us and come into a long-term partnership.
• Our strategy to keep prices low during the first year will benefit us in reaching out to the target customers.

6.2 Sales Strategy

In this sample business plan for a hardware franchise, we are giving the sales strategy of Sam Hardware World. However, for more ideas you may also want to visit business plan for a stationery and vape shop business plan .

• We will offer small hardware products as gifts with large purchases.
• We will run social media campaigns to get known to a wider audience.
• We will offer a 20% discount to customers who enter into a long-term partnership with us.

6.3 Sales Monthly

6.4 Sales Yearly

6.5 Sales Forecast

Personnel plan of hardware retail franchise business

If you’re looking for how to start a hardware business , you must know that hiring the right people for the right job is of utmost importance. Owing to its significance, you must include the list of required people along with their job descriptions in a business plan in any format. This will enable you to select the most talented individuals for opening a hardware store with a franchise. 

7.1 Company Staff

Sam will be the CEO. He will need the following people for available positions:

• 2 Sales Managers to manage hardware sales in different domains
• 1 Accountant to maintain financial record
• 1 Social Media Manager to manage online platforms
• 1 Store Operator to manage the inventory
• 1 Customer Care Executive to maintain contracts with long-term customers
• 1 Cleaner to maintain the facility
• 3 Drivers to procure and transport inventory to and from sites

7.2 Average Salary of Employees

Financial plan of hardware retail franchise business.

You may be starting a business out of passion, but you would want to know how much profit can anyone make after they open hardware stores. Practically, hardware stores earn a lot. If the business operations and financial flows are managed then the business can yield immense profit.

To ensure that the finances go as projected, you must make a comprehensive financial plan for your business. That should include the break-even analysis, projected profits on a monthly and yearly basis for at least the first three years, gross margin calculations, balance sheet, and business ratios.

In this retail business plan we are providing the financial plan of Sam Hardware World.

8.1 Important Assumptions

8.2 break-even analysis.

8.3 Projected Profit and Loss

8.3.1 profit monthly.

8.3.2 Profit Yearly

8.3.3 Gross Margin Monthly

8.3.4 Gross Margin Yearly

8.4 Projected Cash Flow

8.5 Projected Balance Sheet

8.6 business ratios.

How profitable is a hardware store?

As you can see from the financial part of this hardware retail franchise business plan in pdf, the hardware store can be immensely profitable if you provide unique services. If you have competitive advantages, that would be a plus.

How do I start my own hardware business?

If you are looking for how to set up a hardware store you must study at least one sample hardware retail franchise business plan. The first step is doing research and the second is documenting a detailed business plan. 

Is a hardware store a good investment?

Owning a hardware store is the best investment you can make. It is because setting up and running a hardware store is not much difficult. You can make profits right after starting a hardware store.

Download Hardware Retail Franchise Business Plan Sample in pdf

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• Business Plans Handbook
• Business Plans - Volume 02
• Hardware Store Business Plan

Hardware Store

FICTIONAL BUSINESS PLAN

OSHKOSH HARDWARE, INC.

123 Main St. Oshkosh, WI 54901

The following fictional plan outlines how a small hardware store can survive competition from large discount chains by offering products and providing expert advice in the use of any product it sells. This plan is fictional and has not been used to gain funding from a bank or other lending institution.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The business, goals implementation.

• JOB DESCRIPTION-GENERAL MANAGER

QUARTERLY FORECASTED BALANCE SHEETS

Quarterly forecasted statements of earnings and retained earnings, quarterly forecasted statements of changes in financial position, financial ratio analysis, details for quarterly statements of earnings.

Oshkosh Hardware, Inc. is a new corporation which is going to establish a retail hardware store in a strip mall in Oshkosh, Wisconsin. The store will sell hardware of all kinds, quality tools, paint and housewares. The business will make revenue and a profit by servicing its customers not only with needed hardware but also with expert advice in the use of any product it sells.

Oshkosh Hardware, Inc. will be operated by its sole shareholder, James Smith. The company will have a total of four employees. It will sell its products in the local market. Customers will buy our products because we will provide free advice on the use of all of our products and will also furnish a full refund warranty.

Oshkosh Hardware, Inc. will sell its products in the Oshkosh store staffed by three sales representatives. No additional employees will be needed to achieve its short and long range goals. The primary short range goal is to open the store by October 1, 1994. In order to achieve this goal a lease must be signed by July 1, 1994 and the complete inventory ordered by August 1, 1994.

James Smith will invest $30,000 in the business. In addition the company will have to borrow $ 150,000 during the first year to cover the investment in inventory, accounts receivable, and furniture and equipment. The company will be profitable after six months of operation and should be able to start repayment of the loan in the second year.

The business will sell hardware of all kinds, quality tools, paint, and housewares. We will purchase our products from three large wholesale buying groups.

In general our customers are homeowners who do their own repair and maintenance, hobbyists, and housewives. Our business is unique in that we will have a complete line of all hardware items and will be able to get special orders by overnight delivery. The business makes revenue and profits by servicing our customers not only with needed hardware but also with expert advice in the use of any product we sell. Our major costs for bringing our products to market are cost of merchandise of 36%, salaries of $45,000, and occupancy costs of $60,000.

Oshkosh Hardware, Inc.'s retail outlet will be located at 1524 Frontage Road, which is in a newly developed retail center of Oshkosh. Our location helps facilitate accessibility from all parts of town and reduces our delivery costs. The store will occupy 7500 square feet of space. The major equipment involved in our business is counters and shelving, a computer, a paint mixing machine, and a truck.

Oshkosh Hardware, Inc. will operate in the local market. There are 15,000 potential customers in this market area. We have three competitors who control approximately 98% of the market at present. We feel we can capture 25% of the market within the next four years. Our major reason for believing this is that our staff is technically competent to advise our customers in the correct use of all products we sell.

After a careful market analysis we have determined that approximately 60% of our customers are men and 40% are women. The percentage of customers that fall into the following age categories are:

The reasons our customers prefer our products is our complete knowledge of their use and our full refund warranty.

We get our information about what products our customers want by talking to existing customers. There seems to be an increasing demand for our product. The demand for our product is increasing in size based on the change in population characteristics.

At Oshkosh Hardware, Inc. we will employ three sales people and will not need any additional personnel to achieve our sales goals. These salespeople will need several years experience in home repair and power tool usage. We expect to attract 30% of our customers from newspaper ads, 5% of our customers from local directories, 5% of our customers from the yellow pages, 10% of our customers from family and friends and 50% of our customers from current customers. The most cost-effective source will be current customers. In general, our industry is growing.

We would evaluate the quality of our management staff as being excellent. Our manager is experienced and very motivated to achieve the various sales and quality assurance objectives we have set. We will use a management information system which produces key inventory, quality assurance and sales data on a weekly basis. All data is compared to previously established goals for that week and deviations are the primary focus of the management staff.

The short term goals of our business are:

• Open the store by October 1, 1994
• Reach our breakeven point in two months
• Have sales of $ 100,000 in the first six months

In order to achieve our first short term goal we must:

• Sign the lease by July 1, 1994
• Order a complete inventory by August 1, 1994

In order to achieve our second short term goal we must:

• Advertise extensively in September and October
• Keep expenses to a minimum

In order to achieve our third short term goal we must:

• Promote power tool sales for the Christmas season
• Keep good customer traffic in January and February

The long term goals for our business are:

• Obtain sales volume of $600,000 in three years
• Become the largest hardware dealer in the city
• Open a second store in Fond du Lac

The most important thing we must do in order to achieve the long term goals for our business is to develop a highly profitable business with excellent cash flow.

Oshkosh Hardware, Inc. Faces some potential threats or risks to our business. They are discount house competition. We believe we can avoid or compensate for this by providing quality products complimented by quality advice on the use of every product we sell. The financial projections we have prepared are located at the end of this document.

JOB DESCRIPTION: GENERAL MANAGER

The General Manager of the business of the corporation will be the president of the corporation. He will be responsible for the complete operation of the retail hardware store which is owned by the corporation. A detailed description of his duties and responsibilities is as follows:

Train and supervise the three sales people. Develop programs to motivate and compensate these employees. Coordinate advertising and sales promotion effects to achieve sales totals as outlined in budget. Oversee purchasing function and inventory control procedures to insure adequate merchandise at all times at a reasonable cost.

Prepare monthly and annual budgets. Secure adequate line of credit from local banks. Supervise office personnel to insure timely preparation of records, statements, all government reports, control of receivables and payables and monthly financial statements.

Administration

Perform duties as required in the areas of personnel, building leasing and maintenance, licenses and permits and public relations.

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How to Write a Hardware Business Plan in Kenya [Free Template]

A good hardware business plan in Kenya will help you make your business a reality much faster. 

You can absolutely get started and run your business without a plan. 

However, if you are looking to start a hardware business that stands out from the competition, you might need a business plan. 

Let me write your business plan...

Not sure where to start your business and need a detailed roadmap? Looking to take your business to the next level? Do you need a well-crafted business plan that can guide your growth and set you on the path to success?

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The problem is, writing a hardware business plan from scratch is not easy. It is even harder if you are starting your first business and have no finance or business experience. 

That is why a hardware business plan template like this one comes in handy. This template will act as a roadmap to help you easily come up with a business plan for your hardware business.

What is a Hardware Business Plan in Kenya? 

A second-hand clothing business plan in Kenya is a written document that clearly describes what you are trying to achieve with your hardware business and how you plan to achieve those goals or objectives. 

This business plan is like a roadmap that will help you take your hardware business from the ground to a level where it can comfortably generate profit. The hardware business plan outlines your goals, strategies, goals, marketing, and financial forecasts.

So, whether you are starting a small hardware business or plan on going large scale, this document will come in handy. 

Let’s find out. 

Why Do I Need  A Hardware Business Plan in Kenya? 

There are several reasons why you might need a business plan for second-hand clothes before getting started. In a nutshell, a business plan will help you to: 

• Clearly understand what you want to achieve with your hardware business 
• Set clear goals and identify obstacles that might stand in the way of achieving these goals early on
• Come up with a clear strategy to attract customers and achieve profitably 
• Track and measure your business progress 
• Secure external funding 
• Keep your team focused on the same objective and business goal 
• Understand how much money you need to start the business 
• Calculate the profitability of the hardware business 
• Study your competition and come up with strategies to outsmart them 
• Come up with effective marketing strategies to put your hardware business in front of the customers.
• Minimize the chance of running into risks and losing your money 

Why is This Hardware Business Plan Template Important?

As we mentioned, writing a hardware business plan from scratch is not easy. There are a lot of things to consider and you always run the risk of going into details that don’t matter. 

This template will help you to: 

• Write your business plan much faster 
• Avoid unnecessary details that don’t matter in your hardware business 
• Get a clear picture of what you should include in your plan 

So, think of this template as a roadmap to help you devise an effective plan for your hardware business. 

Types of Hardware Business Plans in Kenya

There are two main types of hardware business plans that you can use: 

• Traditional business plan
• Lean business plan

Traditional Hardware Business Plan in Kenya

This is the most common business plan format. It is usually very detailed and can be dozens of pages long.

Use this format if you are starting your hardware business on a large scale and/or require outside funding. 

A typical traditional business plan contains the following sections: 

• Executive summary
• Company description
• Product or service description 
• Market analysis
• Organization and management team 
• Marketing and sales
• Financial projections

You don’t have to cover all these sections when writing your hardware business plan. 

Just focus on the sections that make the most sense for your business and what you are trying to achieve. 

For instance, are you looking for funding or do you just need a detailed roadmap to help you get started and grow fast? 

Check Our Full Hardware Business Plan Template:

DOWNLOAD PDF TEMPLATE

Lean Hardware Business Plan in Kenya

This is a much-simplified version of the conventional business plan. It is actually just a one-page table summary of the most important elements of your business plan. 

You can write a lean hardware business plan in about an hour or less. Use this format if you are looking for an action plan or outline to help you start your business. This plan is usually just for you and your team, not outsiders (like investors)

You can’t use a lean business plan if you are looking to take a loan or an outside investment. 

A lean hardware business plan contains the following key sections: 

• Identity: A short description of your business
• Problem: The problem you are trying to solve 
• Solution: The unique solution you offer for the problem plus a description of your products/services 
• Competition : Other people trying to solve the same problem, their weaknesses and strengths 
• Expenses: The cost of starting your hardware business 
• Target markets: Who your customers are
• Marketing activities: The strategies you will use to reach your customers and the cost of your products/services
• Sales channels: How you’ll sell your services and products to your customers
• Revenue streams: The different ways your hardware business will make money
• Partners and key resources: The people and resources you will need to work with for your business to be successful
• Team: The people that will help you run the business and their roles
• Milestones : How you will test and begin your business

You can either use the lean or traditional business plan based on the size of your hardware business and the reason for writing the business plan. 

Check Our Lean Hardware Business Plan Template:

DOWNLOAD LEAN TEMPLATE

When Not to Use this Hardware Business Plan Template 

Using a template is a great way to complete your business plan fast. However, there are situations when using a template may not be ideal. 

This is especially true if you are starting a big business or startup that requires detailed reporting. While we try to include as many sections as possible, this template comes with limited instructions that may not comprehensively cover big businesses that require outside funding. 

Otherwise, if you are okay with a template, you can go ahead and download either the lean or traditional business plan template.

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L.K. Nathans

I am a personal finance enthusiast and digital marketer. My work here is to help you navigate your financial journey and achieve your main money goals. Through Omoka Digital, I provide practical tips, strategies, and insights on budgeting, saving, investing, and debt management. My aim is to empower you with the knowledge and tools you need to make informed financial decisions and improve your financial well-being.

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• We’re dedicated to developing Llama 3 in a responsible way, and we’re offering various resources to help others use it responsibly as well. This includes introducing new trust and safety tools with Llama Guard 2, Code Shield, and CyberSec Eval 2.
• In the coming months, we expect to introduce new capabilities, longer context windows, additional model sizes, and enhanced performance, and we’ll share the Llama 3 research paper.
• Meta AI, built with Llama 3 technology, is now one of the world’s leading AI assistants that can boost your intelligence and lighten your load—helping you learn, get things done, create content, and connect to make the most out of every moment. You can try Meta AI here .

Today, we’re excited to share the first two models of the next generation of Llama, Meta Llama 3, available for broad use. This release features pretrained and instruction-fine-tuned language models with 8B and 70B parameters that can support a broad range of use cases. This next generation of Llama demonstrates state-of-the-art performance on a wide range of industry benchmarks and offers new capabilities, including improved reasoning. We believe these are the best open source models of their class, period. In support of our longstanding open approach, we’re putting Llama 3 in the hands of the community. We want to kickstart the next wave of innovation in AI across the stack—from applications to developer tools to evals to inference optimizations and more. We can’t wait to see what you build and look forward to your feedback.

Our goals for Llama 3

With Llama 3, we set out to build the best open models that are on par with the best proprietary models available today. We wanted to address developer feedback to increase the overall helpfulness of Llama 3 and are doing so while continuing to play a leading role on responsible use and deployment of LLMs. We are embracing the open source ethos of releasing early and often to enable the community to get access to these models while they are still in development. The text-based models we are releasing today are the first in the Llama 3 collection of models. Our goal in the near future is to make Llama 3 multilingual and multimodal, have longer context, and continue to improve overall performance across core LLM capabilities such as reasoning and coding.

State-of-the-art performance

Our new 8B and 70B parameter Llama 3 models are a major leap over Llama 2 and establish a new state-of-the-art for LLM models at those scales. Thanks to improvements in pretraining and post-training, our pretrained and instruction-fine-tuned models are the best models existing today at the 8B and 70B parameter scale. Improvements in our post-training procedures substantially reduced false refusal rates, improved alignment, and increased diversity in model responses. We also saw greatly improved capabilities like reasoning, code generation, and instruction following making Llama 3 more steerable.

*Please see evaluation details for setting and parameters with which these evaluations are calculated.

In the development of Llama 3, we looked at model performance on standard benchmarks and also sought to optimize for performance for real-world scenarios. To this end, we developed a new high-quality human evaluation set. This evaluation set contains 1,800 prompts that cover 12 key use cases: asking for advice, brainstorming, classification, closed question answering, coding, creative writing, extraction, inhabiting a character/persona, open question answering, reasoning, rewriting, and summarization. To prevent accidental overfitting of our models on this evaluation set, even our own modeling teams do not have access to it. The chart below shows aggregated results of our human evaluations across of these categories and prompts against Claude Sonnet, Mistral Medium, and GPT-3.5.

Preference rankings by human annotators based on this evaluation set highlight the strong performance of our 70B instruction-following model compared to competing models of comparable size in real-world scenarios.

Our pretrained model also establishes a new state-of-the-art for LLM models at those scales.

To develop a great language model, we believe it’s important to innovate, scale, and optimize for simplicity. We adopted this design philosophy throughout the Llama 3 project with a focus on four key ingredients: the model architecture, the pretraining data, scaling up pretraining, and instruction fine-tuning.

Model architecture

In line with our design philosophy, we opted for a relatively standard decoder-only transformer architecture in Llama 3. Compared to Llama 2, we made several key improvements. Llama 3 uses a tokenizer with a vocabulary of 128K tokens that encodes language much more efficiently, which leads to substantially improved model performance. To improve the inference efficiency of Llama 3 models, we’ve adopted grouped query attention (GQA) across both the 8B and 70B sizes. We trained the models on sequences of 8,192 tokens, using a mask to ensure self-attention does not cross document boundaries.

Training data

To train the best language model, the curation of a large, high-quality training dataset is paramount. In line with our design principles, we invested heavily in pretraining data. Llama 3 is pretrained on over 15T tokens that were all collected from publicly available sources. Our training dataset is seven times larger than that used for Llama 2, and it includes four times more code. To prepare for upcoming multilingual use cases, over 5% of the Llama 3 pretraining dataset consists of high-quality non-English data that covers over 30 languages. However, we do not expect the same level of performance in these languages as in English.

To ensure Llama 3 is trained on data of the highest quality, we developed a series of data-filtering pipelines. These pipelines include using heuristic filters, NSFW filters, semantic deduplication approaches, and text classifiers to predict data quality. We found that previous generations of Llama are surprisingly good at identifying high-quality data, hence we used Llama 2 to generate the training data for the text-quality classifiers that are powering Llama 3.

We also performed extensive experiments to evaluate the best ways of mixing data from different sources in our final pretraining dataset. These experiments enabled us to select a data mix that ensures that Llama 3 performs well across use cases including trivia questions, STEM, coding, historical knowledge, etc.

Scaling up pretraining

To effectively leverage our pretraining data in Llama 3 models, we put substantial effort into scaling up pretraining. Specifically, we have developed a series of detailed scaling laws for downstream benchmark evaluations. These scaling laws enable us to select an optimal data mix and to make informed decisions on how to best use our training compute. Importantly, scaling laws allow us to predict the performance of our largest models on key tasks (for example, code generation as evaluated on the HumanEval benchmark—see above) before we actually train the models. This helps us ensure strong performance of our final models across a variety of use cases and capabilities.

We made several new observations on scaling behavior during the development of Llama 3. For example, while the Chinchilla-optimal amount of training compute for an 8B parameter model corresponds to ~200B tokens, we found that model performance continues to improve even after the model is trained on two orders of magnitude more data. Both our 8B and 70B parameter models continued to improve log-linearly after we trained them on up to 15T tokens. Larger models can match the performance of these smaller models with less training compute, but smaller models are generally preferred because they are much more efficient during inference.

To train our largest Llama 3 models, we combined three types of parallelization: data parallelization, model parallelization, and pipeline parallelization. Our most efficient implementation achieves a compute utilization of over 400 TFLOPS per GPU when trained on 16K GPUs simultaneously. We performed training runs on two custom-built 24K GPU clusters . To maximize GPU uptime, we developed an advanced new training stack that automates error detection, handling, and maintenance. We also greatly improved our hardware reliability and detection mechanisms for silent data corruption, and we developed new scalable storage systems that reduce overheads of checkpointing and rollback. Those improvements resulted in an overall effective training time of more than 95%. Combined, these improvements increased the efficiency of Llama 3 training by ~three times compared to Llama 2.

Instruction fine-tuning

To fully unlock the potential of our pretrained models in chat use cases, we innovated on our approach to instruction-tuning as well. Our approach to post-training is a combination of supervised fine-tuning (SFT), rejection sampling, proximal policy optimization (PPO), and direct preference optimization (DPO). The quality of the prompts that are used in SFT and the preference rankings that are used in PPO and DPO has an outsized influence on the performance of aligned models. Some of our biggest improvements in model quality came from carefully curating this data and performing multiple rounds of quality assurance on annotations provided by human annotators.

Learning from preference rankings via PPO and DPO also greatly improved the performance of Llama 3 on reasoning and coding tasks. We found that if you ask a model a reasoning question that it struggles to answer, the model will sometimes produce the right reasoning trace: The model knows how to produce the right answer, but it does not know how to select it. Training on preference rankings enables the model to learn how to select it.

Building with Llama 3

Our vision is to enable developers to customize Llama 3 to support relevant use cases and to make it easier to adopt best practices and improve the open ecosystem. With this release, we’re providing new trust and safety tools including updated components with both Llama Guard 2 and Cybersec Eval 2, and the introduction of Code Shield—an inference time guardrail for filtering insecure code produced by LLMs.

We’ve also co-developed Llama 3 with torchtune , the new PyTorch-native library for easily authoring, fine-tuning, and experimenting with LLMs. torchtune provides memory efficient and hackable training recipes written entirely in PyTorch. The library is integrated with popular platforms such as Hugging Face, Weights & Biases, and EleutherAI and even supports Executorch for enabling efficient inference to be run on a wide variety of mobile and edge devices. For everything from prompt engineering to using Llama 3 with LangChain we have a comprehensive getting started guide and takes you from downloading Llama 3 all the way to deployment at scale within your generative AI application.

A system-level approach to responsibility

We have designed Llama 3 models to be maximally helpful while ensuring an industry leading approach to responsibly deploying them. To achieve this, we have adopted a new, system-level approach to the responsible development and deployment of Llama. We envision Llama models as part of a broader system that puts the developer in the driver’s seat. Llama models will serve as a foundational piece of a system that developers design with their unique end goals in mind.

Instruction fine-tuning also plays a major role in ensuring the safety of our models. Our instruction-fine-tuned models have been red-teamed (tested) for safety through internal and external efforts. ​​Our red teaming approach leverages human experts and automation methods to generate adversarial prompts that try to elicit problematic responses. For instance, we apply comprehensive testing to assess risks of misuse related to Chemical, Biological, Cyber Security, and other risk areas. All of these efforts are iterative and used to inform safety fine-tuning of the models being released. You can read more about our efforts in the model card .

Llama Guard models are meant to be a foundation for prompt and response safety and can easily be fine-tuned to create a new taxonomy depending on application needs. As a starting point, the new Llama Guard 2 uses the recently announced MLCommons taxonomy, in an effort to support the emergence of industry standards in this important area. Additionally, CyberSecEval 2 expands on its predecessor by adding measures of an LLM’s propensity to allow for abuse of its code interpreter, offensive cybersecurity capabilities, and susceptibility to prompt injection attacks (learn more in our technical paper ). Finally, we’re introducing Code Shield which adds support for inference-time filtering of insecure code produced by LLMs. This offers mitigation of risks around insecure code suggestions, code interpreter abuse prevention, and secure command execution.

With the speed at which the generative AI space is moving, we believe an open approach is an important way to bring the ecosystem together and mitigate these potential harms. As part of that, we’re updating our Responsible Use Guide (RUG) that provides a comprehensive guide to responsible development with LLMs. As we outlined in the RUG, we recommend that all inputs and outputs be checked and filtered in accordance with content guidelines appropriate to the application. Additionally, many cloud service providers offer content moderation APIs and other tools for responsible deployment, and we encourage developers to also consider using these options.

Deploying Llama 3 at scale

Llama 3 will soon be available on all major platforms including cloud providers, model API providers, and much more. Llama 3 will be everywhere .

Our benchmarks show the tokenizer offers improved token efficiency, yielding up to 15% fewer tokens compared to Llama 2. Also, Group Query Attention (GQA) now has been added to Llama 3 8B as well. As a result, we observed that despite the model having 1B more parameters compared to Llama 2 7B, the improved tokenizer efficiency and GQA contribute to maintaining the inference efficiency on par with Llama 2 7B.

For examples of how to leverage all of these capabilities, check out Llama Recipes which contains all of our open source code that can be leveraged for everything from fine-tuning to deployment to model evaluation.

What’s next for Llama 3?

The Llama 3 8B and 70B models mark the beginning of what we plan to release for Llama 3. And there’s a lot more to come.

Our largest models are over 400B parameters and, while these models are still training, our team is excited about how they’re trending. Over the coming months, we’ll release multiple models with new capabilities including multimodality, the ability to converse in multiple languages, a much longer context window, and stronger overall capabilities. We will also publish a detailed research paper once we are done training Llama 3.

To give you a sneak preview for where these models are today as they continue training, we thought we could share some snapshots of how our largest LLM model is trending. Please note that this data is based on an early checkpoint of Llama 3 that is still training and these capabilities are not supported as part of the models released today.

We’re committed to the continued growth and development of an open AI ecosystem for releasing our models responsibly. We have long believed that openness leads to better, safer products, faster innovation, and a healthier overall market. This is good for Meta, and it is good for society. We’re taking a community-first approach with Llama 3, and starting today, these models are available on the leading cloud, hosting, and hardware platforms with many more to come.

Try Meta Llama 3 today

We’ve integrated our latest models into Meta AI, which we believe is the world’s leading AI assistant. It’s now built with Llama 3 technology and it’s available in more countries across our apps.

You can use Meta AI on Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger, and the web to get things done, learn, create, and connect with the things that matter to you. You can read more about the Meta AI experience here .

Visit the Llama 3 website to download the models and reference the Getting Started Guide for the latest list of all available platforms.

You’ll also soon be able to test multimodal Meta AI on our Ray-Ban Meta smart glasses.

As always, we look forward to seeing all the amazing products and experiences you will build with Meta Llama 3.

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Kolomna is a Historical City of Russia and its impressive kremlin still demonstrates how the city was once important for the defence of Moscow. In addition the city also has several pretty monasteries to offer. All in all, Kolomna makes a perfect day trip from Moscow .

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Walk around the Kolomna Kremlin to admire the remains of its impressive walls and to see its beautiful cathedrals, convents and churches located there.

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If you haven't had your fill of churches yet, go to the Bobrenev Monastery in Staroe Bobrenevo. As a bonus from this side of the River Moskva you will get great views of the Kolomna Kremlin.

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11:00 am  start in Kolomna drive for about 1.5 hours

12:24 pm   Lyubertsy stay for about 1 hour and leave at 1:24 pm drive for about 27 minutes

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Get this complete sample business plan as a free text document.

Computer Hardware Reseller Business Plan

Start your own computer hardware reseller business plan

AMT Computers

Executive summary executive summary is a brief introduction to your business plan. it describes your business, the problem that it solves, your target market, and financial highlights.">.

By focusing on its strengths, its key customers, and the underlying values they need, American Management Technology will increase sales to more than $9 million in three years, while improving the gross margin on sales and cash management and working capital.

This business plan leads the way. It renews our vision and strategic focus: adding value to our target market segments, the small business and high-end home office users, in our local market. It also provides the step-by-step plan for improving our sales, gross margin, and profitability. In order to implement these changes and improve profitability, we plan to borrow another $100,000 long-term this year. The amount seems in-line with the balance sheet capabilities.

AMT is built on the assumption that the management of information technology for business is like legal advice, accounting, graphic arts, and other bodies of knowledge, in that it is not inherently a do-it-yourself prospect. Smart business people who aren’t computer hobbyists need to find quality vendors of reliable hardware, software, service, and support. They need to use these quality vendors as they use their other professional service suppliers, as trusted allies. AMT seeks to fulfill these needs and become the leader in business information technology for its region.

AMT provides both computer products and services to make them useful to small businesses. We are especially focused on providing network systems and services to small and medium business. The systems include both PC-based LAN systems and minicomputer server-based systems. Our services include design and installation of network systems, training, and support.

In order to accomplish our objectives, our keys to success over the next three years are:

• Differentiate from box-pushing, price-oriented businesses by offering and delivering service and support–and charging for it.
• Increase gross margin to more than 30%.
• Increase our non-hardware sales to 20% of the total sales by the third year.

AMT was founded as a consulting-oriented value added reseller (VAR), became a reseller to fill the market need for personal computers, and is emphasizing service and support to differentiate itself from price-oriented competitors.

We have one location–a 7,000 square foot store in a suburban shopping center located conveniently close to the downtown area. It includes a training area, service department, offices, and showroom area.

AMT is a privately-held C corporation owned in majority by its founder and president, Ralph Jones. There are six part owners, including four investors and two past employees. The firm includes 21 employees, under the president and four managers. Our main management divisions are sales, marketing, service, and administration. The service department handles service requests, support, training, and development. At present, we are weakest in the area of technical capabilities to manage the database marketing programs and upgraded service and support, particularly with cross-platform networks. We also need to find a training manager.

Recent changes in the computer reseller market have adversely affected AMT. These include margin squeezes, longer collection periods, and lower inventory turnovers. All of these concerns are part of the general trend affecting computer resellers. The margin squeeze is happening throughout the computer industry worldwide.

The only way we can hope to differentiate well is to define the vision of the company to be an information technology ally to our clients. We will not be able to compete in any effective way with the chains using boxes or products as appliances. We need to offer a real alliance that includes such intangibles as confidence, reliability, and knowing that somebody will be there to answer questions and help at the important times.

Our support services, with which we hope to capture market share will include such services as; training, upgrade offers, installation services, network configuration services, etc. The company will seek to aggressively pursue new opportunities.

AMT focuses on local markets, small business and home office, with special focus on the high-end home office and the 5-20 unit small business office.

The last study we saw published has retail sales growing at 5% per year, while Web sales and direct sales are growing at 25% or 30%.

There are several different kinds of computer retailers within the industry including:

• Computer dealers: often focused on a few main brands of hardware, usually offering only a minimum of software, and variable amounts of service and support. Their service and support is not usually very good and their prices are usually higher than the larger stores.
• Chain stores and computer superstores: usually offer decent walk-in service, with very aggressive pricing, and little support.
• Mail order: offer aggressive pricing of boxed product. For the purely price-driven buyer, who buys boxes and expects no service, these are very good options.

None of these direct competitors provides the customization and service that small businesses such as our clients truly need.

Small business buyers are accustomed to buying from vendors who visit their offices. They expect the copy machine vendors, office products vendors, and office furniture vendors, as well as the local graphic artists, freelance writers, or whomever, to visit their office to make their sales. Many small companies turn immediately to the superstores (office equipment, office supplies, and electronics) and mail order to look for the best price, without realizing that there is a better option for them at only a little bit more.

We need to effectively compete against the idea that businesses should buy computers as plug-in appliances that don’t need ongoing service, support, and training. Our focus group sessions indicated that our target home office markets think about price but would buy based on quality service if the offering were properly presented. They think about price because that’s all they ever see. We have very good indications that many would rather pay 10-20% more for a relationship with a long-term vendor providing back-up and quality service and support; they end up in the box-pusher channels because they aren’t aware of the alternatives.

We currently depend on newspaper advertising as our main way to reach new buyers. As we change strategies, however, we need to change the way we promote ourselves. We will be refocusing on our core message of service through radio, cable TV, sales brochures, direct mailers and newspapers. We need to sell the company, not the product. We sell AMT, not Apple, IBM, Hewlett-Packard, or Compaq, or any of our software brand names.

• The Yearly Total Sales chart summarizes our ambitious sales forecast. We expect sales to increase from $5.3 million last year to more than $6 million next year and to more than $9 million in the last year of this plan.

1.1 Objectives

• Sales increasing to more than $9 million by the third year.
• Bring gross margin back up to above 30%, and maintain that level.
• Sell $1.5 million of service, support, and training by 1998.
• Improve inventory turnover to 6 turns by 1998.

1.2 Keys to Success

• Differentiate from box-pushing, price-oriented businesses by offering and delivering service and support — and charging for it.

1.3 Mission

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AMT is such a vendor. It serves its clients as a trusted ally, providing them with the loyalty of a business partner and the economics of an outside vendor. We make sure that our clients have what they need to run their businesses as well as possible, with maximum efficiency and reliability. Many of our information applications are mission critical, so we give our clients the assurance that we will be there when they need us.

Company Summary company overview ) is an overview of the most important points about your company—your history, management team, location, mission statement and legal structure.">

AMT is a computer reseller based in the Uptown area. It was founded as a consulting-oriented VAR, became a reseller to fill the market need for personal computers, and is emphasizing service and support to differentiate itself from more price oriented national chains.

2.1 Company History

AMT has been caught in the vise grip of margin squeezes that have affected computer resellers worldwide. Although the chart titled Past Financial Performance shows that we have had healthy growth in sales, it also shows declining gross margin and declining profits.

The more detailed numbers in the Past Performance table include other indicators of some concern:

The gross margin % has been declining steadily, as we see in the chart.

Both collection days and inventory turnover are getting steadily worse.

All of these concerns are part of the general trend affecting computer resellers. The margin squeeze is happening throughout the computer industry worldwide.

2.2 Company Ownership

AMT is a privately-held C corporation owned in majority by its founder and president, Ralph Jones. There are six part owners, including four investors and two past employees. The largest of these (in percent of ownership) are Frank Dudley, our attorney, and Paul Karots, our public relations consultant. Neither owns more than 15%, but both are active participants in management decisions.

2.3 Company Locations and Facilities

Products and services.

AMT provides both computer products and services to make them useful to small business. We are especially focused on providing network systems and services to small and medium business. The systems include both PC-based LAN systems and minicomputer server-based systems. Our services include design and installation of network systems, training, and support.

3.1 Product and Service Description

In personal computers, we support three main lines:

The Super Home is our smallest and least expensive line, initially positioned by its manufacturer as a home computer. We use it mainly as a cheap workstation for small business installations. Its specifications include …[additional specifics omitted]

The Power User is our main up-scale line. It is our most important system for high-end home and small business main workstations, because of …. Its key strengths are …. Its specifications include ….[additional specifics omitted]

The Business Special is an intermediate system, used to fill the gap in the positioning. Its specifications include … [additional specifics omitted]

In peripherals, accessories and other hardware, we carry a complete line of necessary items from cables to forms to mousepads … [additional specifics omitted]

In service and support, we offer a range of walk-in or depot service, maintenance contracts and on-site guarantees. We have not had much success selling service contracts. Our networking capabilities …[additional specifics omitted]

In software and training, we offer … [additional specifics omitted]

3.2 Competitive Comparison

The only way we can hope to differentiate well is to define the vision of the company to be an information technology ally to our clients. We will not be able to compete in any effective way with the chains using boxes or products as appliances. We need to offer a real alliance.

The benefits we sell include many intangibles: confidence, reliability, knowing that somebody will be there to answer questions and help at the important times.

These are complex products, products that require serious knowledge and experience to use, and our competitors sell only the products themselves.

Unfortunately, we cannot sell the products at a higher price just because we offer services; the market has shown that it will not support that concept. We have to also sell the service and charge for it separately.

3.3 Sales Literature

Copies of our brochure and advertisements are attached as appendices. Of course, one of our first tasks will be to change the message of our literature to make sure we are selling the company, rather than the product.

3.4 Fulfillment

Our costs are part of the margin squeeze. As competition on price increases, the squeeze between manufacturers’ price into channels and end-users’ ultimate buying price continues.

With the hardware lines, our margins are declining steadily. We generally buy at … Our margins are thus being squeezed from the 25% of five years ago to more like 13-15% at present. In the main-line peripherals a similar trend shows, with prices for printers and monitors declining steadily. We are also starting to see that same trend with software ….

In order to hold costs down as much as possible, we concentrate our purchasing with Hauser, which offers 30-day net terms and overnight shipping from the warehouse in Dayton. We need to concentrate on making sure our volume gives us negotiating strength.

In accessories and add-ons we can still get decent margins, 25% to 40%.

3.5 Technology

We have for years supported both Windows and Macintosh technology for CPUs, although we’ve switched vendors many times for the Windows (and previously DOS) lines. We are also supporting Novell, Banyon, and Microsoft networking, Xbase database software, and Claris application products.

3.6 Future Products and Services

We must remain on top of the new technologies, because this is our bread and butter. For networking, we need to provide better knowledge of cross platform technologies. Also, we are under pressure to improve our understanding of direct-connect internet and related communications. Finally, although we have a good command of desktop publishing, we are concerned about getting better at the integration of technologies that creates fax, copier, printer, and voice mail as part of the computer system.

3.7 Service and Support

Our strategy hinges on providing excellent service and support. This is critical. We need to differentiate on service and support, and to therefore deliver as well.

• Training: details would be essential in a real business plan, but not in this sample plan.
• Upgrade offers: details would be essential in a real business plan, but not in this sample plan.
• Our own internal training: details would be essential in a real business plan, but not in this sample plan.
• Installation services: details would be essential in a real business plan, but not in this sample plan.
• Custom software services: details would be essential in a real business plan, but not in this sample plan.
• Network configuration services: details would be essential in a real business plan, but not in this sample plan.

Market Analysis Summary how to do a market analysis for your business plan.">

4.1 market segmentation.

The segmentation allows some room for estimates and nonspecific definitions. We focus on a small-medium level of small business, and it is hard to find information to make an exact classification. Our target companies are large enough to need the high-quality information technology management we offer, but too small to have a separate computer management staff such as an MIS department. We say that our target market has 10-50 employees, and needs 5-20 workstations tied together in a local area network; the definition is flexible.

Defining the high-end home office is even more difficult. We generally know the characteristics of our target market, but we can’t find easy classifications that fit into available demographics. The high-end home office business is a business, not a hobby. It generates enough money to merit the owner’s paying real attention to the quality of information technology management, meaning that there is both budget and concerns that warrant working with our level of quality service and support. We can assume that we aren’t talking about home offices used only part-time by people who work elsewhere during the day, and that our target market home office wants to have powerful technology and a lot of links between computing, telecommunications, and video.

4.2 Service Business Analysis

We are part of the computer reselling business, which includes several kinds of businesses:

• Computer dealers: storefront computer resellers, usually less than 5,000 square feet, often focused on a few main brands of hardware, usually offering only a minimum of software, and variable amounts of service and support. These are usually old-fashioned (1980s-style) computer stores and they usually offer relatively few reasons for buyers to shop with them. Their service and support is not usually very good and their prices are usually higher than the larger stores.
• Chain stores and computer superstores: these include major chains such as CompUSA, Computer City, Future Shop, etc. They are almost always more than 10,000 square feet of space, usually offer decent walk-in service, and are often warehouse-like locations where people go to find products in boxes with very aggressive pricing, and little support.
• Mail order: the market is served increasingly by mail order businesses that offer aggressive pricing of boxed product. For the purely price-driven buyer, who buys boxes and expects no service, these are very good options.
• Others: there are many other channels through which people buy their computers, usually variations of the main three types above.

4.2.1 Competition and Buying Patterns

The small business buyers understand the concept of service and support, and are much more likely to pay for it when the offering is clearly stated.

There is no doubt that we compete much more against all the box pushers than against other service providers. We need to effectively compete against the idea that businesses should buy computers as plug-in appliances that don’t need ongoing service, support, and training.

Our focus group sessions indicated that our target Home Offices think about price but would buy based on quality service if the offering were properly presented. They think about price because that’s all they ever see. We have very good indications that many would rather pay 10-20% more for a relationship with a long-term vendor providing back-up and quality service and support; they end up in the box-pusher channels because they aren’t aware of the alternatives.

Availability is also very important. The Home Office buyers tend to want immediate, local solutions to problems.

4.2.2 Main Competitors

Chain stores: We have Store 1 and Store 2 already within the valley, and Store 3 is expected by the end of next year. If our strategy works, we will have differentiated ourselves sufficiently to not have to compete against these stores.

Strengths: national image, high volume, aggressive pricing, economies of scale.

Weaknesses: lack of product, service and support knowledge, lack of personal attention.

Other local computer stores: Store 4 and Store 5 are both in the downtown area. They are both competing against the chains in an attempt to match prices. When asked, the owners will complain that margins are squeezed by the chains and customers buy on price only. They say they tried offering services and that buyers didn’t care, instead preferring lower prices. We think the problem is also that they didn’t really offer good service, and also that they didn’t differentiate from the chains.

4.2.3 Business Participants

• The national chains are a growing presence. CompUSA, Computer City, Incredible Universe, Babbages, Egghead, and others. They benefit from national advertising, economies of scale, volume buying, and a general trend toward name-brand loyalty for buying in the channels as well as for products.
• Local computer stores are threatened. These tend to be small businesses, owned by people who started them because they liked computers. They are under-capitalized and under-managed. Margins are squeezed as they compete against the chains, in a competition based on price more than on service and support.

4.2.4 Distributing a Service

Small Business buyers are accustomed to buying from vendors who visit their offices. They expect the copy machine vendors, office products vendors, and office furniture vendors, as well as the local graphic artists, freelance writers, or whomever, to visit their office to make their sales.

There is usually a lot of leakage in ad-hoc purchasing through local chain stores and mail order. Often the administrators try to discourage this, but are only partially successful.

Unfortunately our Home Office target buyers may not expect to buy from us. Many of them turn immediately to the superstores (office equipment, office supplies, and electronics) and mail order to look for the best price, without realizing that there is a better option for them at only a little bit more.

4.3 Target Market Segment Strategy

4.3.1 market needs.

All personal computer users need support and service. The self reliant ones, however, supply those needs themselves. In home offices, these are the knowledgeable computer users who like to do it themselves. Among the businesses, these are businesses that have people on staff.

4.3.2 Market Trends

The most obvious and important trend in the market is declining prices. This has been true for years, but the trend seems to be accelerating. We see the major brand-name manufacturers putting systems together with amazing specs–more power, more speed, more memory, more disk storage–at amazing prices. The major chain shops are selling brand-name powerful computers for less than $1,000.

This may be related to a second trend, which is the computer as throw-away appliance. By the time a system needs upgrading, it is cheaper to buy completely new. The increasing power and storage of a sub-$1000 system means buyers are asking for less service.

A third trend is ever greater connectivity. Everybody wants onto the internet, and every small office wants a LAN. A lot of small offices want their LAN connected to the internet.

4.3.3 Market Growth

As prices fall, unit sales increase. The published market research on sales of personal computers is astounding, as the United States market alone is absorbing more than 30 million units per year, and sales are growing at more than 20 percent per year. We could quote Dataquest, Infocorp, IDC, or others; it doesn’t matter, they all agree on high growth of CPU sales.

Where growth is not as obvious is the retail market. A report in CRW says Dell is now selling $5 million monthly over the web, and we assume Gateway and Micron are both close to that. Direct mail has given way to the web, but catalogs are still powerful, and the non-retail sale is more accepted every day. The last study we saw published has retail sales growing at 5% per year, while web sales and direct sales are growing at 25% or 30%.

Strategy and Implementation Summary

The home offices in Tintown are an important growing market segment. Nationally, there are approximately 30 million home offices, and the number is growing at 10% per year. Our estimate in this plan for the home offices in our market service area is based on an analysis published four months ago in the local newspaper.

Home offices include several types. The most important, for our plan’s focus, are the home offices that are the only offices of real businesses, from which people make their primary living. These are likely to be professional services such as graphic artists, writers, and consultants, some accountants and the occasional lawyer, doctor, or dentist. There are also part-time home offices with people who are employed during the day but work at home at night, people who work at home to provide themselves with a part-time income, or people who maintain home offices relating to their hobbies; we will not be focusing on this segment.

Small business within our market includes virtually any business with a retail, office, professional, or industrial location outside of someone’s home, and fewer than 30 employees. We estimate 45,000 such businesses in our market area.

The 30-employee cutoff is arbitrary. We find that the larger companies turn to other vendors, but we can sell to departments of larger companies, and we shouldn’t be giving up leads when we get them.

5.1 Strategy Pyramid

For placing emphasis on service and support, our main tactics are networking expertise, excellent training, and developing our own proprietary software/network administrative system. Our specific programs for networking include mailers and internal training. Specific programs for training include direct mail promotion, and train-the-trainers programs. For developing our own proprietary systems, our programs are company direct mail marketing, and working with VARs.

Our second strategy is emphasizing relationships. The tactics are marketing the company (instead of the products), more regular contacts with the customer, and increasing sales per customer. Programs for marketing the company include new sales literature, revised ad strategy, and direct mail. Programs for more regular contacts include call-backs after installation, direct mail, and sales management. Programs for increasing sales per customer include upgrade mailings and sales training.

5.2 Value Proposition

Our value proposition has to be different from the standard box-oriented retail chain. We offer our target customer, who is service seeking and not self reliant, a vendor who acts as a strategic ally, at a premium price that reflects the value of reassurance that systems will work.

5.3 Competitive Edge

Our competitive edge is our positioning as strategic ally with our clients, who are clients more than customers. By building a business based on long-standing relationships with satisfied clients, we simultaneously build defenses against competition. The longer the relationship stands, the more we help our clients understand what we offer them and why they need it.

5.4 Sales Strategy

• We need to sell the company, not the product. We sell AMT, not Apple, IBM, Hewlett-Packard, or Compaq, or any of our software brand names.
• We have to sell our service and support. The hardware is like the razor, and the support, service, software services, training, and seminars are the razor blades. We need to serve our customers with what they really need.

5.4.1 Sales Forecast

The important elements of the sales forecast are shown in the Total Sales by Month in Year 1 table. The non-hardware sales increase to over $2 million total in the third year.

5.4.2 Sales Programs

• Direct mail: Use great detail to describe your company’s programs here.
• Seminars: Use great detail to describe your company’s programs here.

5.4.3 Distribution Strategy

Our most important marketing program is [specifics omitted]. Leslie Doe will be responsible, with budget of $XX,XXX and milestone date of the 15th of May. This program is intended to [objectives omitted]. Achievement should be measured by [specific concrete measurement].

Another key marketing program is [specifics omitted]. [Name] will be responsible, with budget of $XX,XXX and milestone date of [date]. This program is intended to [objectives omitted]. Achievement should be measured by [specific concrete measurement].

5.5 Marketing Strategy

The marketing strategy is the core of the main strategy:

• Emphasize service and support.
• Build a relationship business.
• Focus on small business and high-end home office as key target markets.

5.5.1 Promotion Strategy

We depend on newspaper advertising as our main way to reach new buyers. As we change strategies, however, we need to change the way we promote ourselves:

Advertising We’ll be developing our core positioning message: “24 Hour On-Site Service – 365 Days a Year With No Extra Charges” to differentiate our service from the competition. We will be using local newspaper advertising, radio, and cable TV to launch the initial campaign.

Sales Brochure Our collaterals have to sell the store, and visiting the store, not the specific book or discount pricing.

Direct Mail We must radically improve our direct mail efforts, reaching our established customers with training, support services, upgrades, and seminars.

Local Media It’s time to work more closely with the local media. We could offer the local radio a regular talk show on technology for small business, as one example.

5.5.2 Pricing Strategy

We must charge appropriately for the high-end, high-quality service and support we offer. Our revenue structure has to match our cost structure, so the salaries we pay to assure good service and support must be balanced by the revenue we charge.

We cannot build the service and support revenue into the price of products. The market can’t bear the higher prices and the buyer feels ill-used when they see the same product priced lower at the chains. Despite the logic behind this, the market doesn’t support this concept.

Therefore, we must make sure that we deliver and charge for service and support. Training, service, installation, networking support–all of this must be readily available and priced to sell and deliver revenue.

5.5.3 Positioning Statement

For businesspeople who want to be sure their computer systems are always working reliably, AMT is a vendor and trusted strategic ally who makes sure their systems work, their people are trained, and their down time is minimal. Unlike the chain retail stores, it knows the customer and goes to his or her site when needed, and offers proactive support, service, training, and installation.

5.6 Milestones

Our important milestones are shown on the following table. Row by row, they track the need to follow up on strategy with specific activities. Most of the activities on the list can be easily tied to our strategic goals of selling more service and enhancing the relationship with the customer.

Management Summary management summary will include information about who's on your team and why they're the right people for the job, as well as your future hiring plans.">

Our management philosophy is based on responsibility and mutual respect. People who work at AMT want to work at AMT because we have an environment that encourages creativity and achievement.

6.1 Organizational Structure

• The team includes 21 employees, under a president and four managers.
• Our main management divisions are sales, marketing, service, and administration. Service handles service, support, training, and development.

6.2 Management Team

Ralph Jones, President: 46 years old, founded AMT in 1984 to focus on reselling high-powered personal computers to small business. Degree in computer science, 15 years with Large Computer Company, Inc. in positions ending with project manager. Ralph has been attending courses at the local Small Business Development Center for more than six years now, steadily adding business skills and business training to his technical background.

Sabrina Benson, VP Marketing: 36 years old, joined us last year following a very successful career with Continental Computers. Her hiring was the culmination of a long recruiting search. With Continental she managed the VAR marketing division. She is committed to re-engineering AMT to be a service and support business that sells computers, not vice-versa. MBA, undergraduate degree in history.

Gary Andrews, VP Service and Support: 48 years old, 18 years with Large Computers, Inc. in programming and service-related positions, 7 years with AMT. MS in computer science and BS in electrical engineering.

Laura Dannis, VP Sales: 32, former teacher, joined AMT part-time in 1991 and went full-time in 1992. Very high people skills, BA in elementary education. She has taken several sales management courses at the local SBDC.

John Peters, Director of Administration: 43, started with AMT as a part-time bookkeeper in 1987, and has become full-time administrative and financial backbone of the company.

6.3 Management Team Gaps

At present we believe we have a good team for covering the main points of the business plan. The addition of Sabrina Benson was important as a way to cement our fundamental re-positioning and re-engineering.

At present, we are weakest in the area of technical capabilities to manage the database marketing programs and upgraded service and support, particularly with cross-platform networks. We also need to find a training manager.

6.4 Personnel Plan

The Personnel Plan reflects the need to bolster our capabilities to match our positioning. Our total headcount should increase to 26 this first year, and to 31 by the third year. Detailed monthly projections are included in the appendix.

6.5 Other Management Considerations

Our attorney, Frank Dudley, is also a co-founder. He invested significantly in the company over a period of time during the 1980’s. He remains a good friend of Ralph and has been a steady source of excellent legal and business advice.

Paul Karots, public relations consultant, is also a co-founder and co-owner. Like Dudley, he invested in the early stages and remains a trusted confidant and vendor of public relations and advertising services.

Financial Plan investor-ready personnel plan .">

The most important element in the financial plan is the critical need for improving several of the key factors that impact cash flow:

• We must at any cost stop the slide in inventory turnover and develop better inventory management to bring the turnover back up to 6 turns by the third year. This should also be a function of the shift in focus towards service revenues to add to the hardware revenues.
• We must also bring the gross margin back up to 30%. This too is related to improving the mix between hardware and service revenues, because the service revenues offer much better margins.
• We plan to borrow another $100,000 long-term this year. The amount seems in line with the balance sheet capabilities.

7.1 Important Assumptions

The financial plan depends on important assumptions, most of which are shown in Table 7.1. The key underlying assumptions are:

• We assume a slow-growth economy, without major recession.
• We assume of course that there are no unforeseen changes in technology to make products immediately obsolete.

7.2 Key Financial Indicators

The Benchmark Comparison chart highlights our ambitious plans to correct declining gross margin and inventory turnover. The chart illustrates why we think the ambitious sales increases we plan are reasonable. We have had similar increases in the recent past.

7.3 Break-even Analysis

For our break-even analysis, we assume running costs which include our full payroll, rent, and utilities, and an estimation of other running costs. Payroll alone, at our present run rate, is only about $55,000. Margins are harder to assume. Our overall average is based on projections for the coming year. We hope to attain a margin that high in the future.

The chart shows how much we need to sell per month to break even, according to these assumptions.

7.4 Projected Profit and Loss

The most important assumption in the Projected Profit and Loss statement is the gross margin, which is supposed to increase. This is up from barely 21% in the last year. The increase in gross margin is based on changing our sales mix, and it is critical. Month-by-month assumptions for profit and loss are included in the appendix.

7.5 Projected Cash Flow

The cash flow depends on assumptions for inventory turnover, payment days, and accounts receivable management. Our projected 60-day collection days is not ideal, but it is realistic in this market, and hard for us to effectively change.  We’re better off planning for it than ignoring it. We need significant new financing in March to get through a cash flow dip as we build up for mid-year sales.

7.6 Projected Balance Sheet

The Projected Balance Sheet is quite solid. We do not project any real trouble meeting our debt obligations–as long as we can achieve our specific objectives.

7.7 Business Ratios

The table follows with our main business ratios. We do intend to improve gross margin, collection days, and inventory turnover. The industry standards are taken for industry classification 5734 in the SIC code.  We assume that the difference between our results and the standards is that the standards include

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Kolomna: Fortress in the Russian heartland

All photos by William Brumfield

The earliest mention of Kolomna in medieval chronicles refers to a clash in 1177 between Vsevolod of the Big Nest, grand prince of Vladimir, and his rival prince, Gleb of Ryazan. Such local struggles were frequent among Russian princes in the 12th and early 13th centuries, but they were soon followed by the far more devastating Mongol invasion of 1237-1241. Overwhelmed in the initial attack, Kolomna was ravaged in 1237, although not without fierce resistance. Kulkan, the youngest son of Genghis Khan, was killed during the battle for Kolomna.

From the beginning of the 14th century, Muscovy's princes valued Kolomna as a strategic citadel guarding its southern border. Located not far from the point where the Moscow River flows into the Oka (the major western tributary of the Volga), Kolomna was traversed by trading routes from much of central Russia. This movement of goods through the town created the basis for an enduring merchant culture.

Despite its increasing prosperity, Kolomna experienced a number of catastrophes in the 14th century, including an outbreak of plague in 1363 and looting by the army of Tatar khan Tokhtamysh in August 1382. Yet during the same period, Kolomna proved its resilience in 1379 with the construction of its first large church, dedicated to the Dormition of the Virgin. It was in the shadow of this church—since completely rebuilt – that Moscow’s grand prince Dmitry Donskoi held a prayer service in preparation for the great battle against the Tatar khan Mamai at Kulikovo Pole in September 1380. The earliest stone church from this period, dedicated to John the Baptist at Gorodishche, is located on the outskirts of Kolomna and has been dated to the late 14th century.  

During the 16th century, Kolomna benefited from the largess of Moscow’s Grand Prince Basil III (1479-1533), who replaced the log fortress with massive brick walls that signaled the town’s importance as a citadel on Muscovy’s southern flank. Built between 1525 and 1531 to a total length of 1.2 miles, these walls can be compared with those of the Moscow Kremlin. Of the original 16 towers, seven remain, including one gate tower. The last serious military ordeal faced by Kolomna occurred in the early 17th century, when the town was assaulted by various factions during the decade of chaos known as the Time of Troubles. The southwest range of the walls was anchored by the massive Kolomna, or Marinskaya, Tower.  

Within the kremlin walls is the Brusensky Monastery, with its distinctive mid 16th-century Church of the Dormition of the Virgin. A few paces beyond, along an attractive pedestrian street, stands Kolomna’s main cathedral, also dedicated to the Dormition. Rebuilt between 1672-1682, its structure follows the traditional design of large Russian churches, with six columns supporting the interior space and five onion domes above. The interior has been well preserved, with a late baroque iconostasis from the 1770s and an impressive set of wall paintings in a late academic style executed in oil during the 1880s and based on an earlier set from 1804. Adjacent to the cathedral is a massive bell tower, built in 1692. Across from the Dormition Cathedral are the walls and bell tower of the New Golutvin Convent , with its brightly painted Church of the Trinity (1705).

These monastic ensembles inside the Kolomna Kremlin are complemented by two others on the outskirts of the town, both apparently established by Dmitry Donskoi in the 1380s. The Epiphany-Golutvin Monastery, known after 1800 as the Old Golutvin Monastery, is located to the south of Kolomna near the confluence of the Moscow and Oka Rivers. The most colorful feature of the Old Golutvin Monastery is its wall towers, architectural fantasies built of red brick with limestone details. Across the Moscow River and to the north of the Kolomna kremlin is the attractive Bobrenev-Nativity Monastery. All of Kolomna’s monasteries have been enlivened by a church-sponsored restoration campaign has greatly enhanced the town’s visual appeal.  

Kolomna also has numerous parish churches. The most picturesque of these is the Church of the Resurrection ''na Posade,'' also known as the Church of Saint Nicholas Posadsky, which was originally built in 1716, then substantially modified in the 1790s before being restored to its earlier form in the 1970s. This distinctive structure, with its decorative gables, represents an echo of ornamented church architecture in Moscow during the 17th century. Nearby is the delightful Museum of Pastila, an apple confectionary for which Kolomna is widely known.  

Kolomna rivals Torzhok with the number of its elegant neoclassical churches. The most visible these is the Church of St. John the Divine, located on the town’s main square and originally built in 1733-58. The church gained its imposing neoclassical facades in 1829-1835. Its soaring bell tower (1826-1846) became the center of a trading arcade that enveloped the church structure—an ingenious combination of commercial and religious architecture.  

In addition to its churches and bell towers, Kolomna has historic districts with houses from the 19th century. Among the neoclassical houses restored in the town center, the most notable is the Lazhechnikov House, now a museum devoted to one of Russia’s early 19-century novelists, Ivan Lazhechnikov. Also preserved in Kolomna are large numbers of wooden houses, many of them with ornate window frames. Some of these houses near the kremlin are associated with 20th-century writers such as Boris Pilniak and Anna Akhmatova.

During the Soviet period, new forms of housing appeared, particularly for workers at the Kolomna Factory, founded in 1863 and subsequently a major producer of locomotives. Examples of housing projects sponsored by the Kolomna Factory in the 1920s can still be seen on the main thoroughfare, October Revolution Street. However, many workers preferred to live in wooden houses with a small garden plot, and such houses continued to be built throughout the Soviet period.  

Contemporary Kolomna’s most notable landmark is popularly called the Ice Palace, a modern arena for ice sports, as well as a community center.  The choice of site, down the hill from the kremlin, was controversial. The architects attempted to mitigate the visual clash by designing the arena with a suspended membrane roof whose low silhouette is nestled at the bottom of the slope. Fortunately, the construction of a bypass highway has relieved the historic center of through traffic on the way to the city of Ryazan. Like many other Russian towns, Kolomna is seeking that essential balance between economic development and historic preservation.

All rights reserved by Rossiyskaya Gazeta.

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