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Four differences between university and high school homework

As a future university student, you may have fears about the workload, but I'm here to help!

To help crush those fears and prepare you for the next step in your academic journey, I've outlined four distinct differences between schoolwork in university and high school.

If you're interested in learning about those differences, keep reading!

1. You choose your subject matter

High school gives you an all-around education—the school system is designed to give you a basic grasp of language, science, math, the arts and so on. While this is helpful in creating a general base of knowledge, this approach may be discouraging at times because most of us are not great at every single topic. Some of us excel in writing and struggle with math, and vice versa.

However, university is designed quite differently. While there are some faculty-specific foundational courses you have to take, the program you're in reflects your interests; and you decide the majority of the courses you take. 

Whether you take courses for your program or electives in a different faculty, you get to be in charge of your program map . This means, your homework will be focused on topics that are of interest to you; which can also make it less daunting! 

2. You’re more independent

Often in high school, your teachers will constantly remind you of upcoming due dates, check if you did your homework and make sure that everyone attends class every day. They'll also monitor your personal progress according to set criteria, as evident by their feedback in those parent-teacher meetings everyone loves.

In university, this is almost completely inverted. You usually aren't directly punished if you skip class, your professors may not remind you of due dates and they certainly won't ask to meet with your parents.

Instead, these responsibilities are left to you. You'll quickly learn that it's in your best interest to attend class, keep track of due dates and complete all the assigned readings you're given. You're also responsible for monitoring your progress and holding yourself accountable when you get off track. 

But don't think this independence means you can't ask for help. You're independent, but you're never abandoned! While it can be nerve-racking, talking to your professors is not as scary as you think . They're here to help you, but you have to reach out to them to receive that help. 

Ontario Tech also has faculty-specific Academic Advisors who are happy to answer any questions and concerns you may have along your journey.

3. You must do more in-depth research

High school provides an introduction to the world of research, but as a high school student, you don't have the same access to academic resources that you do as a university student.

The main avenues for research in high school are textbooks provided by teachers, the all-too-familiar Google search and whatever can be found in the high school or local library. This is fine for high school work, but in university, you'll often need something a little more academically rigorous.

Though you usually buy textbooks for your classes, you must go beyond citing these if you want to create a well-researched project. You'll also need to let go of the idea that if something exists, Google will be able to supply it for you.

Your best sources for information will be academic books and articles, and you will be able to find these through the university's library , available on-campus and online. Our library website gives you access to an incredible amount of academic articles and databases, most of which will be blocked with a paywall if you try to find them through a search engine like Google Scholar.

These resources are the standard for research papers, assignments and projects in university. Be sure to familiarize yourself with them and reach out to our academic support team if you ever need help!

4. You’re often asked questions that don't have answers yet

This was the most remarkable difference that I noticed between high school and university. My high school teachers usually assigned work that asked questions with specific, right-or-wrong answers.

Teachers who didn't subscribe to this model seemed rebellious, as though allowing learning to be fun and creative involved breaking some kind of rule!

In university, this changed. In my Introduction to Communication class, our professor would ask us questions about how we can improve society, the role of technology in the world, changes in global culture and many other things. 

Our replies weren't supposed to conform to built-in answers because no specific answers exist for these questions. The class was designed to get us thinking in new ways, not to test how many facts we had been able to memorize.

Perhaps most importantly, I felt that participating in these conversations could be the first step in helping change the world. Because there are no definitive answers to many of the questions your professors will ask you, you will be taking steps into new intellectual territory.

These are just a few differences between high school and university schoolwork. I am sure you will encounter more than this, but hopefully, this gives you a little insight to help you feel less scared and more prepared. 

Be bold, future student, and go forward with enthusiasm!

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All About: How to Study in Canada as an International Student

There's lots to consider before choosing canada. here, we'll get into the nitty-gritty of what you need to know — and how you can pay for it..

This article is part of our About Canada series. Check out the other articles in this series here .

Table of Contents

Comparing Canadian high school diplomas to other jurisdictions

Costs of studying at a canadian institution, scholarships for international students in canada.

• How to apply to study in Canada
• Getting permanent residency (PR) as an international student

As an international student, it can be difficult knowing what kind of educational prerequisites your desired Canadian school may require. In most Canadian high schools, students go up to grade 12 and then go to university or college.

So, how will your GCE and A-Level subjects compare ? Does your country have a different type of high school education? Try not to worry! Most schools in Canada are clear about what kind of prerequisites you'll need to get into their programs.

Generally, if you're from the EU , you'll most likely have earned a General Certificate of Education (GCE) that is comprised of O and A-Level Subjects. Typically, you need to successfully complete your GCE with a minimum of five O-Level subjects and two A-Level subjects . Or if you have AS-Levels, you'll need four of these instead of two A-Levels.

But how does this compare to Canadian high school? A-Level subjects typically mean that you'll have a year more of education than Canadian high school students. Due to this difference, Canadian schools may give you a credit for the subject you studied in your A-Levels, if the subject is available and accepted.

If you're not sure what kind of prerequisites you'll need for your program, check with the school you're applying to ! They'll be able to let you know what kind of education background you'll need and any other prerequisites that may be necessary for your desired program.

Back to the top

Every school's tuition fee structure is different. There are many variables that help determine how much you'll pay for tuition. Often, the top two factors that determine tuition fees are school type and program .

Colleges tend to cost less than universities because their programs are typically shorter. On average, a college program's length is usually two years, whereas universities are often three to four years.

The upside of studying a higher-cost program like engineering or medicine? You'll likely make more money over the course of your career ! In this sense, paying a higher tuition now could be an investment in your future .

Graduate programs aren't any cheaper. In fact, the average tuition fee for international students in graduate programs has increased 3.6%, to $20,120 per year. No matter what program you choose, a master's degree will cost less than a doctorate, since it doesn't take as long to complete. However, the programs you choose will influence the cost . A master's program in business, engineering, dentistry, and law are considered to be the most expensive, whereas humanities and arts programs often cost less.

If you're worried about how you'll be able to afford your education and living expenses, consider applying for scholarships, grants, awards, and bursaries . These will help lighten some of your financial burden , but remember, it takes time to apply for funding.

In Canada, scholarships are a popular way to help reduce costs, but you'll have to apply to a few in order to make a dent. There are very few fully funded scholarships available in Canada. And when one is available, like University of Toronto 's Lester B. Pearson International Scholarships , it's incredibly competitive. The best way to tackle scholarships is to apply for multiple scholarships that aren't so competitive to give yourself the greatest chance at earning some funding. There are many resources available to help you find scholarships:

Curious to learn more about scholarships, bursaries, and awards for international students ? Check out these frequently asked questions about international student scholarships on ScholarshipsCanada.com.

After you've applied to scholarships, if you find you still need some more money, you can turn to student lines of credit and loans to help fund your education. The main difference between scholarships and students lines of credit /loans are that scholarships are free money and loans are money that you borrow and will have to pay back.

It might not be easy finding student lines of credit in Canada, as most require you to be a Canadian citizen, but TD bank does allow international students to apply for a student line of credit as long as you have a Canadian co-signer. Loans are much easier to find . Many companies like MPOWER offer loans for international students , even without a co-signer. Just remember to watch out for the interest rates as you'll have to pay that back as well!

Applying for admission to a Canadian post-secondary school

The application process will depend on the school(s) that interest you. Sometimes you'll have a choice on how you'd like to apply. Here are the most common pathways :

Applying directly

Some schools will accept direct applications. You'll find instructions on their website. Direct applications are more common at career colleges than colleges or universities.

Applying through an application portal

Most colleges and universities are affiliated with a provincial application portal . For example, Ontario universities use OUAC, the Ontario Universities' Application Centre . In contrast, Alberta colleges and universities use ApplyAlberta . Check with the schools that interest you to find out which portal to use.

Appyling through an agent

Some schools work with agents: local people in other countries who specialize in helping international students reach Canada. Some agents can be unscrupulous, but if you find someone you can trust, agents can be an excellent resource when dealing with paperwork. The Canadian University Application Centre is an example of a trustworthy agency.

You can check with local agents in your area to see if they work with any Canadian schools. Be sure to confirm with the school that they in fact have a relationship with your agent!

Study permits

Permanent residency (pr).

Canada is a desirable destination for many international students, who may view studying in Canada as a stepping stone to permanent residency (PR). PR is, in turn, a stepping stone to citizenship.

The process to move from international student to permanent resident is fairly straightforward in Canada. Students who graduate can obtain a post-graduation work permit , which permits them to remain in Canada for up to three years. Graduates with Canadian work history are then more likely to be eligible for permanent residency.

Some fields are more likely to lead to PR than others. Healthcare and agriculture workers are in short supply, so graduates in these fields may be able to attain PR more easily than others.

Find scholarships for international students

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How to stay on top of your homework this semester 

February 8, 2022

Ahh, the beginning of a new semester. So much hope, so much motivation. Let’s start this semester off on the right foot by getting organized ASAP. The best way to do that is by organizing your due dates as soon as you get your syllabi. Not sure where to start? We’re sharing three different ways to keep track of your due dates all semester long.  

Excel doc, colour-coded and sorted  

This was my saving grace last semester. It’s easy enough to put all my due dates in right after I get my syllabi, and then I don’t have to worry about updating it with new dates every month.  

What you do:

• Getting started—Set up an excel document (if you don’t have Microsoft Office on your computer, you can get it for free as a student. Or a Google Sheet doc will work just as well).  
• Column headers—Feel free to customize your columns, but mine are due date, class name, assignment type (e.g. reading, essay, lab etc.), assignment details (which reading is it, what’s the assignment like etc.), and whether or not I’ve completed that task.   
• Input your dates—Add in all the assignments from your syllabi, and I mean all of them. I put in every reading, assignment, and participation task. Don’t worry about the order, we’ll sort it later.  
• Colour code it—I fill each assignment row by class, but you could also code it by assignment type. I love making silly colour schemes, and I find this process to be super satisfying.  
• Sort it—Make sure your cursor is in a cell in the due dates column, then go to the Data tab, and sort ascending. This will put all your dates into chronological order. Now just sit back, admire your work, and try not to think about how many items are on that list.  

Google calendar input with dates (and notifications)  

This option is great if you want to have all your extra-curricular activities, school tasks, and important dates all in one spot. Plus, you can set up notifications to remind you when your dates are coming up. Go forth and plan your days out by the minute, if that’s your style!  

• Getting started—Sign into your Google account and go to Calendar. In the left sidebar, go to other calendars, hit the plus sign and create new calendar. Once it’s created, you can change the colour of that calendar’s events by hitting the three dots beside its name in the left sidebar.  
• Add events—Click into the day you want to add your event and customize the time, which calendar it’s for, a description, and whether or not that event repeats. You can do this for due dates, class times, work schedule, and other activities. Just don’t forget to hit save before you go out of the event.  
• Set up notifications—Hit edit on the event you want a notification for and you can get Google to send you a notification or email beforehand. You can set your notification for classes to come up when it’s time to start getting ready, or your notification for due dates to come up a couple weeks before it’s due so you know when you should start working on it. You can also set multiple notifications to remind you about it. You’ll never be late again … well, probably not never, but significantly less often. If you’ve set up your due dates as all-day events and your class times as timed events, you can save time by making notifications for your whole calendar instead of each individual event. Just set your all-day events to alert you whenever you want to start an assignment, and set your class times to notify you when you want to start getting ready for them.  
• Access your calendar from anywhere. It is that easy.

Good ol’ pen and paper  

This is the option with the most freedom. Whether you’ve got a planner, a bullet journal, or just a pen and paper, you’ve got options for how you want this to look. You can look online for inspiration and templates for paper planners as well.  

If you’ve got an agenda book or planner:

• Write down your due dates and class times in the corresponding dates in your planner. Maybe set some electronic reminders on your phone if needed.  

If you don’t have a planner, but still want everything written down:

• Getting started—Grab some blank paper, a pen or pencil, and a ruler, and draw out a 7×4 or 7×5 grid, depending on how many weeks are in each month.   
• Add your due dates—I’d recommend colour coding your dates by class, so you don’t have to write down which class the due dates are for.   
• Make it fun—You can decorate your pages, or colour code them in aesthetically pleasing colours. If it’s nice to look at, you may feel more motivated to check things off your to-do list.  

If you’re looking for more tips to stay on top of things this semester, talk to your Peer Mentor or the Learning Strategist .  

Which setup works best for you? Let us know your favourite tip for keeping track of your schoolwork in the comments!  

Posted in UBCO Life | Tagged deadlines , homework , organization , studying , time management | Leave a response

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More homework while learning less: Students open up about pandemic schooling

Teens, experts talk about fixing an education system shaken by the pandemic.

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"Stressful and horrible." "Exhausting." "Overall, just frustrating."

Those are descriptions of the experience of some teens and teachers in Canadian schools during the COVID-19 pandemic, a period in which the Canadian education system has endured an unprecedented shock, with significant knock-on effects for learning.

For students and experts who joined CBC's The House  for a special episode covering issues affecting youth during the pandemic, the questions and concerns around education pile up. Will students be able to catch up on lost learning? Are teachers equipped for online instruction? Can schools sustain a new online model or class structure?

'I'm not learning anything anymore': student

For many students, the experience of pandemic learning has been characterized by flip-flopping between in-person and online learning, significant changes to course structure and a ballooning workload.

"I have so much homework, I literally just eat, sleep and do homework. And I repeat that every day," Grade 11 student Hannah Cohen told host Chris Hall in an interview that aired Saturday.

And yet Cohen and her fellow students say they are learning less, and less is being retained because of the nature of online learning and the introduction of the "quadmester" system — in which students take just two courses at a time, with the year split into four segments.

"I'm not learning anything anymore, I'm just memorizing. I can't remember a single thing I learnt from Quad One because I just memorized it all and threw it away after," Cohen said.

Cohen launched an online petition to urge the Toronto District School Board (TDSB) to do away with the quadmester system after the board announced it would remain in place for the 2021-22 school year.

"We recognize that some students experienced challenges with the model this year, while others preferred it, and we are continuing to explore ways to improve the model that was used this year, to better meet the needs of all students," the TDSB said in a statement.

• Ontario schools to stick with online learning for now despite vaccines coming for youth
• Some high school students call on TDSB to scrap 'mentally and physically draining' quadmesters

The issues go beyond the quadmester system. For Alexandria Burton, a Grade 10 student in Edmonton, the frequent switching between online learning and in-person education has been a difficult adjustment. Then there's the fact that teachers are being forced to skip or amend the curriculum to help students learn as much crucial content as possible.

"I might not know some of the stuff other people learned because of how they're cutting corners," Burton said, so an understanding of that fact from teachers and universities would be beneficial.

Mohib Haque, a senior in Antigonish, N.S., says for the most part, his experience has been quite different. Nova Scotia's relatively successful handling of the pandemic has meant his schooling has been in-person — until cases spiked in late April.

Haque said he was concerned that school closures would have an impact on his preparedness for post-secondary education, noting that learning from home doesn't equal more time for school.

"People think ... that if we are online and we're staying at home, then automatically we have a lot of time, like we have the whole day just to do this. But that's not really always true for all people."

Haque also said that school allows kids to get away from what could be a difficult home environment, and he made an appeal to administrators and politicians to understand the mental health impact of closures.

Fears students will be left behind

CBC News recently sent out a survey to educators across the country asking for their thoughts on learning during the pandemic. The responses, from nearly 9,500 educators, reveal significant concerns that students are being left behind and may suffer long-term consequences.

Matthew Morris, a Grade 7-8 teacher in Toronto, said students in his class were becoming more disconnected during the school year and were missing out on the positive social benefits of the classroom environment.

"I really feel for this generation of students that is enduring this. I'm afraid to see what's going to happen in the next five or six years," he told host Chris Hall.

Julia Wright, an English professor at Dalhousie University in Halifax and chair of the working group on higher education for the Royal Society of Canada's COVID-19 task force, said that in the post-secondary context, young people are dealing with a "potent mix" of challenges, including lack of confidence in their learning and financial constraints.

The answer, she said, is significant reinvestment in public education.

"This is not the time to cheap out. We've seen the benefits of strong federal leadership on putting money into people."

• Youth job prospects face 'long-term scarring' from pandemic, says employment minister
• Schools Under Stress Teachers worry high school grads will struggle in post-secondary education due to pandemic

For Jenn Wallner, an associate professor of political studies at the University of Ottawa, the federal government's role in the university system is clear, but it should stay out of elementary and high schools.

"One of the reasons why Canada has managed to carve out a robust system of elementary and secondary education is in fact because the federal government is not involved," she said.

Wallner said Quebec is taking the lead in investing in programs to curb learning loss and adapt to the circumstances of the pandemic, and she added that difficult conversations are needed about where money gets prioritized.

UN warns of 'generational catastrophe'

Canada is far from the only country grappling with how the pandemic has changed education. Stefania Giannini, the top education specialist at UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), told  The House  in a separate interview that about 90 per cent of the global student population have been affected by school closures.

"So, it's an unprecedented situation. Exceptional circumstances require exceptional measures," she said. The UN has warned that unless education is prioritized, the world could be facing a "generational catastrophe."

Giannini urged governments to think of education as a third pillar — along with health and job creation — that's needed to end and recover from the COVID-19 crisis.

"This is not simply a learning crisis. This is an educational, economic and emotional crisis," Giannini said. "So, the game now must be changed."

• Listen to CBC Radio's The House: G eneration COVID

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Christian Paas-Lang covers federal politics for CBC News in Ottawa as an associate producer with The House and a digital writer with CBC Politics. You can reach him at [email protected].

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Does homework really work?

by: Leslie Crawford | Updated: December 12, 2023

Print article

You know the drill. It’s 10:15 p.m., and the cardboard-and-toothpick Golden Gate Bridge is collapsing. The pages of polynomials have been abandoned. The paper on the Battle of Waterloo seems to have frozen in time with Napoleon lingering eternally over his breakfast at Le Caillou. Then come the tears and tantrums — while we parents wonder, Does the gain merit all this pain? Is this just too much homework?

However the drama unfolds night after night, year after year, most parents hold on to the hope that homework (after soccer games, dinner, flute practice, and, oh yes, that childhood pastime of yore known as playing) advances their children academically.

But what does homework really do for kids? Is the forest’s worth of book reports and math and spelling sheets the average American student completes in their 12 years of primary schooling making a difference? Or is it just busywork?

Homework haterz

Whether or not homework helps, or even hurts, depends on who you ask. If you ask my 12-year-old son, Sam, he’ll say, “Homework doesn’t help anything. It makes kids stressed-out and tired and makes them hate school more.”

Nothing more than common kid bellyaching?

Maybe, but in the fractious field of homework studies, it’s worth noting that Sam’s sentiments nicely synopsize one side of the ivory tower debate. Books like The End of Homework , The Homework Myth , and The Case Against Homework the film Race to Nowhere , and the anguished parent essay “ My Daughter’s Homework is Killing Me ” make the case that homework, by taking away precious family time and putting kids under unneeded pressure, is an ineffective way to help children become better learners and thinkers.

One Canadian couple took their homework apostasy all the way to the Supreme Court of Canada. After arguing that there was no evidence that it improved academic performance, they won a ruling that exempted their two children from all homework.

So what’s the real relationship between homework and academic achievement?

How much is too much?

To answer this question, researchers have been doing their homework on homework, conducting and examining hundreds of studies. Chris Drew Ph.D., founder and editor at The Helpful Professor recently compiled multiple statistics revealing the folly of today’s after-school busy work. Does any of the data he listed below ring true for you?

• 45 percent of parents think homework is too easy for their child, primarily because it is geared to the lowest standard under the Common Core State Standards .

• 74 percent of students say homework is a source of stress , defined as headaches, exhaustion, sleep deprivation, weight loss, and stomach problems.

• Students in high-performing high schools spend an average of 3.1 hours a night on homework , even though 1 to 2 hours is the optimal duration, according to a peer-reviewed study .

Not included in the list above is the fact many kids have to abandon activities they love — like sports and clubs — because homework deprives them of the needed time to enjoy themselves with other pursuits.

Conversely, The Helpful Professor does list a few pros of homework, noting it teaches discipline and time management, and helps parents know what’s being taught in the class.

The oft-bandied rule on homework quantity — 10 minutes a night per grade (starting from between 10 to 20 minutes in first grade) — is listed on the National Education Association’s website and the National Parent Teacher Association’s website , but few schools follow this rule.

Do you think your child is doing excessive homework? Harris Cooper Ph.D., author of a meta-study on homework , recommends talking with the teacher. “Often there is a miscommunication about the goals of homework assignments,” he says. “What appears to be problematic for kids, why they are doing an assignment, can be cleared up with a conversation.” Also, Cooper suggests taking a careful look at how your child is doing the assignments. It may seem like they’re taking two hours, but maybe your child is wandering off frequently to get a snack or getting distracted.

Less is often more

If your child is dutifully doing their work but still burning the midnight oil, it’s worth intervening to make sure your child gets enough sleep. A 2012 study of 535 high school students found that proper sleep may be far more essential to brain and body development.

For elementary school-age children, Cooper’s research at Duke University shows there is no measurable academic advantage to homework. For middle-schoolers, Cooper found there is a direct correlation between homework and achievement if assignments last between one to two hours per night. After two hours, however, achievement doesn’t improve. For high schoolers, Cooper’s research suggests that two hours per night is optimal. If teens have more than two hours of homework a night, their academic success flatlines. But less is not better. The average high school student doing homework outperformed 69 percent of the students in a class with no homework.

Many schools are starting to act on this research. A Florida superintendent abolished homework in her 42,000 student district, replacing it with 20 minutes of nightly reading. She attributed her decision to “ solid research about what works best in improving academic achievement in students .”

More family time

A 2020 survey by Crayola Experience reports 82 percent of children complain they don’t have enough quality time with their parents. Homework deserves much of the blame. “Kids should have a chance to just be kids and do things they enjoy, particularly after spending six hours a day in school,” says Alfie Kohn, author of The Homework Myth . “It’s absurd to insist that children must be engaged in constructive activities right up until their heads hit the pillow.”

By far, the best replacement for homework — for both parents and children — is bonding, relaxing time together.

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How Useful is Homework?

by: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education

date: November 16, 2010

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Parents, children, and teachers have always argued about homework! Common questions include: Should teachers give homework to students? If so, how much and what type of homework should be assigned? How much time should students spend on homework? What roles should parents play in their child’s homework?

Quite a bit of research has been done over the decades on homework, but researchers still hold divergent views on the subject.

The best current evidence is that homework seems to have a small positive influence on student achievement, though it may be that students with better grades just tend to do more homework. For high school students, the benefits of homework increased as the time spent on homework increased, up to about two hours of homework a day, but any time spent beyond that showed decreased benefits. The evidence for a positive impact of homework on student achievement in the primary grades is weak, although some evidence suggests that homework may help students develop good study habits and foster positive attitudes toward school and learning.

The amount of homework assigned is less important than the quality and value of the work being done. Assigning homework only has value if the work contributes to students’ learning and engagement. Studies show a wide variation in the kind and quality of homework assigned and in its perceived importance or value by students and parents.

Parents can also play an important role by supporting their children’s learning at home, encouraging learning outside of school, and monitoring their children’s progress regularly. It is important to be positive and encouraging when working with your children on homework; if homework leads to bad feelings between parents and children it can have negative effects on both school and home relationships.

CEA and the Ontario Institute in Studies in Education (OISE) have teamed up to provide you with relevant and timely information based on current empirical educational research. The primary goal of this project is to get relevant and needed research into the hands of parents and other interested people. Five blurbs will be posted to our website throughout the 2009-2010 academic year. They will be written in plain language on topics of interest to parents, such as homework and class size.

Additional Resources

• The Homework Spot:  This website offers advice for K-12 education organized by subject and grade level.  There is also links for both parents and teachers.  The link for parents has a number of resources and publications.  [ The Homework Spot ]
• Literacy and Numeracy Tip Sheets for Parents:  Peel district school board in Ontario has created 35 tips sheets for parents to help students with literacy and numeracy skills.  [ Available for Download ]
• Free Monthly E-Mail Package of Parent-Child Activities:   A free monthly list of learning activities for pre-school children and elementary, middle school and secondary students [ Subscribe ]
• 106 Ways Parents Can Help Students Achieve by Kristen J. Amundson:   This booklet (from the American Association of School Administrators) offers a number of tips organized by the following categories – learning begins at home; using the newspaper for better learning; make family time = learning time; starting school ready to learn; building self-esteem; improving academic achievement; working with the school; promoting your family’s values; peer pressure; preparing for the world of work; good health = good learning; sources of help; learning is everyone’s concern [ Available for $12 from Amazon ]
• List of Websites to Help Parents Help their Children:  This website contains links for parents on many topics like reading, math, general school work, summer learning and more [ Internet4Classrooms ]

Research References Informing this Topic

Bennett, S. and N. Kalish (2006). The case against homework:  How homework is hurting our children and what we can do about it. New York, Crown.

Cameron, L. and L. Bartel (2008). Homework Realities:  A Canadian Study of Parental Opinions and Attitudes, University of Toronto, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, Bartel, Cameron & Associates Inc.

Cooper, H. (1989). “Synthesis of research on homework.” Educational Leadership 47(3): 85-91.

• For junior high school students, the benefits of homework increased as the time spent on homework increased, up to 1 to 2 hours of homework a night, and then decreased.
• On the other hand, homework has smaller effects at lower grade levels; however, Cooper still recommended homework to ‘help students develop good study habits, foster positive attitudes toward school, and communicate to students the idea that learning takes work at home as well as at school’.

Cooper, H. (2007). The battle over homework. Thousand Oaks, CA, Corwin Press.

• Homework should have different purposes at different grade levels.  In earlier grades (primary), homework should help encourage positive attitudes, habits and character traits. In upper elementary grades (junior), homework should play a more direct role to improve student achievement. In 6th grade and beyond (intermediate/senior), homework should play a role in improving standardized test scores and grades.
• Research findings supported the ’10-minute rule’ where all daily homework assignments combined should take about 10 minutes multiplied by the student’s grade level, but the rule might be increased to 15 minutes if reading is included as a type of homework.

Cooper, H., J. C. Robinson, et al. (2006). “Does Homework Improve Academic Achievement?  A Synthesis of Research, 1987-2003.” Review of Educational Research 76(1): 1-62.

• Review of research from 1987 to 2003 in the United States suggests there is evidence to support positive influence of homework on achievement.
• Research reported that 7 to 12 hours of homework per week produced the largest benefits, in academic achievement, for grade 12 students.
• Cooper, Robinson and Patall cautioned about too much homework, as its effectiveness diminishes or can become counterproductive.

Kohn, A. (2006). Homework Myth:  Why our kids get too much of a bad thing, Cambridge, MA,  Da Capo Life Long.

Marzano, R. J. and D. J. Pickering (2007). “Special Topic/The Case For and Against Homework.” Educational Leadership 64(6): 74-79.

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University student stress statistics in canada.

Stress among university students in Canada is a growing concern that needs to be addressed.

The pressure to excel academically, manage finances, and cope with various personal challenges can significantly impact students’ mental health and well-being.

This article will explore the statistics surrounding university student stress in Canada and the various factors contributing to this issue.

Overview of University Student Stress

University life can be incredibly demanding, leading to high-stress levels among students. Balancing coursework, exams, assignments, part-time jobs, and social activities can sometimes feel overwhelming.

According to a Canadian Association of College and University Student Services (CACUSS) survey, 89% of surveyed university students reported feeling overwhelmed by their responsibilities.

Examining the Statistics

To gain a deeper understanding of the prevalence and impact of stress on university students in Canada , let’s explore some key statistics:

High-Stress Levels : A study conducted by the National College Health Assessment (NCHA) revealed that 67% of Canadian university students reported experiencing overwhelming anxiety. In comparison, 53% reported feeling overwhelming stress within the past year.

Academic Pressure : The NCHA study also found that 51% of Canadian students reported feeling overwhelmed by their academic workload, highlighting the significant pressure students face to excel in their studies.

Financial Stress : Financial burdens are another major source of stress among university students. According to a Canadian Alliance of Student Associations survey, 64% of students reported experiencing financial stress, with concerns about tuition fees, living expenses, and student loans being the primary contributors.

Mental Health Impact : The CACUSS survey revealed that 66% of students reported experiencing overwhelming anxiety, while 46% reported feeling so depressed that it was difficult to function. These statistics highlight the significant impact of stress on the mental health of university students in Canada..

Physical Health Consequences : Prolonged stress can also affect students’ physical health. The NCHA study found that 43% of students reported feeling exhausted, 29% experienced difficulty sleeping, and 20% reported experiencing severe headaches due to stress.

Contributing Factors to University Student Stress

Several factors contribute to the prevalence of stress among university students in Canada. Identifying and addressing these factors is essential to provide effective support and intervention. Some key contributing factors include:

1. Academic Demands

The rigorous academic demands placed on university students can significantly contribute to their stress levels. These demands include heavy workloads, tight deadlines, challenging courses, and the pressure to maintain high grades. Additionally, the transition from high school to university can be overwhelming, requiring students to adapt to a new learning environment and higher expectations.

2. Financial Challenges

Financial burdens are a major source of stress for many university students. Rising tuition fees, textbooks, rent, and other living expenses can create significant strain. Balancing part-time jobs with academic responsibilities can further exacerbate stress levels as students struggle to meet their financial obligations while maintaining academic performance.

3. Social and Peer Pressure

University is a time of significant social and personal growth. However, it can also be a source of stress due to social and peer pressures. Students may need to fit in, establish new friendships, and maintain a social life while managing their academic responsibilities. The fear of missing out (FOMO) on social events and the need to constantly compare oneself to others can intensify stress levels.

4. Lack of Support and Resources

Inadequate support systems and resources can leave university students feeling isolated and overwhelmed. Limited access to mental health services, counselling, and academic support can hinder students’ ability to manage stress effectively. Furthermore, the stigma surrounding mental health issues may discourage students from seeking help, exacerbating their stress levels.

Addressing University Student Stress

Recognizing the significance of university student stress in Canada, it is crucial to implement strategies and support systems to help students manage and reduce their stress levels. Some potential initiatives include:

Increasing Accessibility to Mental Health Services : Universities should prioritize the availability of on-campus mental health services and counselling, ensuring that students have easy access to professional support.

Promoting Stress Management Techniques : Introducing stress management workshops, mindfulness programs, and self-care initiatives can equip students with effective coping mechanisms to navigate their stress levels.

Financial Aid and Scholarships : Increased financial aid options and scholarships can alleviate some of the financial stress experienced by students, helping them focus on their studies rather than worrying about finances.

Creating Supportive Learning Environments : Universities can foster supportive learning environments by implementing flexible academic policies, encouraging collaboration and mentorship programs, and promoting a healthy work-life balance.

Raising Awareness and Reducing Stigma : Efforts should be made to raise awareness about mental health issues and reduce the stigma associated with seeking help. Open discussions and educational campaigns can help create a more supportive and understanding campus culture.

By addressing the contributing factors and implementing appropriate support systems, universities can play a pivotal role in promoting the well-being of their students and reducing the prevalence of stress.

The statistics surrounding university student stress in Canada are concerning. High-stress levels, academic pressures, financial burdens, and mental health impacts significantly affect the well-being of students.

By acknowledging these statistics and implementing effective strategies, universities can create a supportive environment prioritizing their students’ mental health and well-being.

What percentage of Canadian university students reported feeling overwhelmed by their responsibilities?

According to the survey conducted by CACUSS, 89% of university students, they were reported feeling overwhelmed by their responsibilities.

What percentage of Canadian university students reported experiencing overwhelming anxiety?

The NCHA study revealed that 67% of Canadian university students reported experiencing overwhelming anxiety within the past year.

What percentage of Canadian students reported feeling overwhelmed by their academic workload?

The NCHA study found that 51% of Canadian students reported feeling overwhelmed by their academic workload.

What percentage of students reported experiencing financial stress?

According to the survey by CASA, 64% of students reported experiencing financial stress.

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The Pros and Cons of Homework

Updated: December 7, 2023

Published: January 23, 2020

Homework is a word that most students dread hearing. After hours upon hours of sitting in class , the last thing we want is more schoolwork over our precious weekends. While it’s known to be a staple of traditional schooling, homework has also become a rather divise topic. Some feel as though homework is a necessary part of school, while others believe that the time could be better invested. Should students have homework? Have a closer look into the arguments on both sides to decide for yourself.

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Why should students have homework, 1. homework encourages practice.

Many people believe that one of the positive effects of homework is that it encourages the discipline of practice. While it may be time consuming and boring compared to other activities, repetition is needed to get better at skills. Homework helps make concepts more clear, and gives students more opportunities when starting their career .

2. Homework Gets Parents Involved

Homework can be something that gets parents involved in their children’s lives if the environment is a healthy one. A parent helping their child with homework makes them take part in their academic success, and allows for the parent to keep up with what the child is doing in school. It can also be a chance to connect together.

3. Homework Teaches Time Management

Homework is much more than just completing the assigned tasks. Homework can develop time management skills , forcing students to plan their time and make sure that all of their homework assignments are done on time. By learning to manage their time, students also practice their problem-solving skills and independent thinking. One of the positive effects of homework is that it forces decision making and compromises to be made.

4. Homework Opens A Bridge Of Communication

Homework creates a connection between the student, the teacher, the school, and the parents. It allows everyone to get to know each other better, and parents can see where their children are struggling. In the same sense, parents can also see where their children are excelling. Homework in turn can allow for a better, more targeted educational plan for the student.

5. Homework Allows For More Learning Time

Homework allows for more time to complete the learning process. School hours are not always enough time for students to really understand core concepts, and homework can counter the effects of time shortages, benefiting students in the long run, even if they can’t see it in the moment.

6. Homework Reduces Screen Time

Many students in North America spend far too many hours watching TV. If they weren’t in school, these numbers would likely increase even more. Although homework is usually undesired, it encourages better study habits and discourages spending time in front of the TV. Homework can be seen as another extracurricular activity, and many families already invest a lot of time and money in different clubs and lessons to fill up their children’s extra time. Just like extracurricular activities, homework can be fit into one’s schedule.

The Other Side: Why Homework Is Bad

1. homework encourages a sedentary lifestyle.

Should students have homework? Well, that depends on where you stand. There are arguments both for the advantages and the disadvantages of homework.

While classroom time is important, playground time is just as important. If children are given too much homework, they won’t have enough playtime, which can impact their social development and learning. Studies have found that those who get more play get better grades in school , as it can help them pay closer attention in the classroom.

Children are already sitting long hours in the classroom, and homework assignments only add to these hours. Sedentary lifestyles can be dangerous and can cause health problems such as obesity. Homework takes away from time that could be spent investing in physical activity.

2. Homework Isn’t Healthy In Every Home

While many people that think homes are a beneficial environment for children to learn, not all homes provide a healthy environment, and there may be very little investment from parents. Some parents do not provide any kind of support or homework help, and even if they would like to, due to personal barriers, they sometimes cannot. Homework can create friction between children and their parents, which is one of the reasons why homework is bad .

3. Homework Adds To An Already Full-Time Job

School is already a full-time job for students, as they generally spend over 6 hours each day in class. Students also often have extracurricular activities such as sports, music, or art that are just as important as their traditional courses. Adding on extra hours to all of these demands is a lot for children to manage, and prevents students from having extra time to themselves for a variety of creative endeavors. Homework prevents self discovery and having the time to learn new skills outside of the school system. This is one of the main disadvantages of homework.

4. Homework Has Not Been Proven To Provide Results

Endless surveys have found that homework creates a negative attitude towards school, and homework has not been found to be linked to a higher level of academic success.

The positive effects of homework have not been backed up enough. While homework may help some students improve in specific subjects, if they have outside help there is no real proof that homework makes for improvements.

It can be a challenge to really enforce the completion of homework, and students can still get decent grades without doing their homework. Extra school time does not necessarily mean better grades — quality must always come before quantity.

Accurate practice when it comes to homework simply isn’t reliable. Homework could even cause opposite effects if misunderstood, especially since the reliance is placed on the student and their parents — one of the major reasons as to why homework is bad. Many students would rather cheat in class to avoid doing their homework at home, and children often just copy off of each other or from what they read on the internet.

5. Homework Assignments Are Overdone

The general agreement is that students should not be given more than 10 minutes a day per grade level. What this means is that a first grader should be given a maximum of 10 minutes of homework, while a second grader receives 20 minutes, etc. Many students are given a lot more homework than the recommended amount, however.

On average, college students spend as much as 3 hours per night on homework . By giving too much homework, it can increase stress levels and lead to burn out. This in turn provides an opposite effect when it comes to academic success.

The pros and cons of homework are both valid, and it seems as though the question of ‘‘should students have homework?’ is not a simple, straightforward one. Parents and teachers often are found to be clashing heads, while the student is left in the middle without much say.

It’s important to understand all the advantages and disadvantages of homework, taking both perspectives into conversation to find a common ground. At the end of the day, everyone’s goal is the success of the student.

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4 reasons to write my essay with us.

You are always welcome to check some of our previously done projects given on our website and then judge it for yourself. Apart from that, we can give you 4 significant reasons to be a part of our customer base:

• Only professional ‘my essay writer', who are highly qualified and a master in their academic field, will write for you
• Quality control is rigorously maintained by us and is thoroughly aligned with the given question brief and instructions.
• We will also provide you with a thorough Plagiarism report by the Turnitin software which will ensure the originality of the draft
• You are free to revise your draft with us till you are contented with the subject matter.

The first step in making your write my essay request is filling out a 10-minute order form. Submit the instructions, desired sources, and deadline. If you want us to mimic your writing style, feel free to send us your works. In case you need assistance, reach out to our 24/7 support team.

We are inclined to write as per the instructions given to you along with our understanding and background research related to the given topic. The topic is well-researched first and then the draft is being written.