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Read Emilio's instructional plan and respond to the following...

Read Emilio's instructional plan and respond to the following...

Read Emilio's instructional plan and respond to the following questions in one to two sentences for each question.

• How does the teacher model adding details to writing?
• How does the teacher provide guided practice during the lesson?
• How will the teacher assess Emilio's understanding of adding details to his writing and the writing process as a whole?
• How can you use this instructional plan to inform your own instructional decisions about writers in your class?

Individual Instructional Planning Template 

Student Name: Emilio (and a small group who also need this lesson

Skills to be taught: Adding details

Answer & Explanation

1. The teacher models adding details to writing by first reading aloud their own writing piece about the Gingerbread story, pointing out where they could add more detail. The teacher then demonstrates how to incorporate additional details, explaining their feelings and thoughts more thoroughly, thereby providing a clear model for the students to follow.

2. Guided practice during the lesson is provided by having the students discuss and ask questions about the teacher's paper, and then the teacher uses these questions to add more details. Then the students, in pairs, read their papers aloud to each other, asking questions and taking notes on potential details to add.

3. The teacher will assess Emilio's understanding of adding details to his writing and the writing process by examining his revised work, noting the addition of details. Further, the teacher will consider Emilio's self-reflection after receiving feedback from a peer, particularly his responses to the three questions about his added details, feedback received, and future plans for the paper.

4. This instructional plan can inform your own instructional decisions by demonstrating the effectiveness of modeling, guided practice, and peer-feedback. It shows how teachers can actively demonstrate the writing process, foster collaborative learning, and encourage self-reflection. Adapting these strategies to suit the specific needs and abilities of your students will help improve their writing skills, particularly in adding detail.

Approach to solving the question: When I tackled the question, I carefully reviewed the instructional plan first, paying close attention to each section to understand how the teacher intended to teach the concept of adding details to writing. Once I fully grasped the lesson plan, I moved on to address each specific question, relating my answers directly back to the details in the instructional plan.

Detailed explanation: As I delved into the lesson plan, it was clear to me that the teacher's approach consisted of several key pedagogical methods.

When asked how the teacher modeled adding details to writing, I drew from the "Model (I do)" section of the plan. I noted how the teacher initially read their own work aloud, identified the areas lacking detail, and then demonstrated the process of enhancing the narrative with additional details. This practical demonstration served as an effective method of showing students the process and the potential improvement in the writing.

Regarding the provision of guided practice, I referred to the "Guided Practice (We do)" section. Here, the teacher created a dynamic, interactive learning environment where students could ask questions about the text, which the teacher then used to add further detail. Additionally, students were encouraged to practice this approach with their peers, strengthening their understanding through collaboration and active participation.

The assessment of the student's understanding was answered by considering both the student's revised work and their self-reflection, as mentioned in the "Assessment/Progress Monitoring" section. This dual approach gave a comprehensive view of the student's grasp of adding details and their overall understanding of the writing process.

Lastly, in terms of how the instructional plan could be used to inform one's own instructional decisions, I highlighted the key strategies the teacher used - namely modeling, active engagement, peer feedback, and self-reflection. These strategies could serve as valuable tools in any teacher's toolkit, adaptable according to their own teaching context and the needs of their students.

Examples: In the "Model (I do)" section of the lesson plan, the teacher demonstrated adding details to their own narrative about the Gingerbread story. They read the story, identified where it lacked detail, and then added to it, thus providing a clear example for students to follow.

In the "Guided Practice (We do)" section, students were given the chance to engage in the process. They asked questions about the teacher's story, and the teacher then used these queries to add more detail to the narrative. The students later practiced this method with their peers.

Key references: The instructional plan provided in the original question served as my primary reference for understanding and addressing each query. The plan's structure and content gave me a thorough understanding of the teacher's teaching approach, which I could then translate into answers to the specific questions asked.

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What content will be covered in Reading Academies?

Reading Academies will consist of 12 modules. They are

• Introduction, Overview, Scope, and Sequence
• Science of Teaching Reading
• Establishing a Literacy Community
• Using Assessment Data to Inform Instruction
• Oral Language
• Phonological Awareness
• Alphabet Knowledge, Print Concepts, and Handwriting
• Decoding, Encoding, and Word Study
• Reading Fluency
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Do teachers need to complete the modules in the order listed above?

While it is not required to complete modules in a specific order, it is strongly suggested, due to module design building on previous module content.

How will the content differ between the three learning pathways?

Reading Academies currently offers three learning pathways. They are described below.

• English Pathway: Designed for teachers who instruct in the English language. Instructional strategies for English Learners will be embedded throughout the content.
• Bi-literacy Pathway: Designed for teachers who instruct in both English and Spanish, or Spanish. Four key modules (Oral Language; Phonological Awareness; Decoding, Encoding, and Word Study; and Composition) will focus on Spanish language acquisition.
• Administrator Pathway: Same content as English pathway, but will include activities, questions, scenarios, and/or artifacts focused on supporting/evaluating teachers rather than delivering direct instruction.

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Participants will be formatively assessed through Canvas-graded checks for understanding that might include multiple-choice questions, discussion/reflection posts, peer evaluations, matching, and cloze passages. Participants will also complete seven artifacts over the course of 12 modules. Five artifacts will be graded by Canvas and two will be graded by Education Elements.

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How Sustainable Is Apple Park's Tree-Covered Landscape, Really?

• Written by Fred Bernstein
• Published on July 14, 2017

This article was originally published by The Architect's Newspaper as " How green are Apple’s carbon-sequestering trees really? "

Apple is planting a forest in Cupertino, California. When the company’s new headquarters is completed later this year, 8,000 trees, transplanted from nurseries around the state of California, will surround the donut-shaped building by Foster + Partners . The trees are meant to beautify Apple ’s 176 acres (dubbed Apple Park). But they will also absorb atmospheric carbon.

That’s a good thing. Carbon, in greenhouse gases, is a major cause of global warming. Almost everything humans do, including breathing, releases carbon into the atmosphere. Plants, on the other hand, absorb carbon, turning it into foliage, branches, and roots—a process known as sequestration .

That’s why, when architects, landscape designers, and urban planners concerned about climate change talk about their work, they often mention sequestration. These days, seemingly every project that includes greenery is touted as reducing atmospheric carbon.

But how much carbon can one tree, or even 8,000 trees, sequester?

I’ve spent a lot of time trying to find the answer. Among my sources is a 2016 article from the journal Landscape and Urban Planning titled “ Does urban vegetation enhance carbon sequestration? ” Its authors, several from the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, examine efforts to quantify the sequestration capacity of urban flora. For example, a study of a Vancouver neighborhood found that its trees sequestered about 1.7 percent as much carbon as human activities produced, while in Mexico City the figure was 1.4 percent. The results were worse in Singapore. Overall, the authors write, “The impact of urban vegetation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions directly through carbon sequestration is very limited or null.”

Very limited or null.

Another study seemed especially applicable to Apple . In 2009, researchers at California State University Northridge studied carbon sequestration on the university’s 350-acre campus. Students inventoried all 3,900 trees by type and size. Using data from the Center for Urban Forest Research, a branch of the U.S. Forest Service, they estimated the amount each tree was likely to sequester. The average was 88 pounds per tree per year. (By contrast, the average American is responsible for emitting about 44,000 pounds of carbon annually.) Then they compared total sequestration to the amount of carbon emitted by campus sources. (Those sources included the production of electricity to power campus buildings—but not transportation to and from campus.) The result: The trees sequestered less than one percent of the amount of carbon released during the same period. Put another way, the amount of carbon sequestered, at a school with 41,000 students, equaled the carbon output of eight average Americans.

Are things better at Apple Park? On the emissions side, there is good news: The new building will rely largely on natural ventilation, reducing the need for air conditioning. (Note, though, that promises a building will perform a certain way often prove overly optimistic.) On the other hand, the campus is being designed with more than 10,000 parking spaces for some 12,000 employees, suggesting that the vast majority of employees will be driving to and from work. And those spaces are in garages that require lights and elevators.

And the news gets worse. At Northridge, researchers looked at the trees as if they had always been there. But a reasonable approach to measuring the benefits of Apple ’s trees would consider the carbon emitted in growing them off-site, bringing them to Cupertino, and planting them. Driving a flatbed truck 100 miles can release 100 pounds of carbon into the atmosphere—and Apple trees’ require thousands of such trips. And, since it wants the campus to be picture-perfect, Apple is using mature specimens. These are no seedlings; some are so large they have to be lowered into place by crane. And mature trees, because they aren’t growing much, hardly sequester any carbon. (Worse, when trees die, their carbon is returned to the atmosphere.)

And keep in mind that many of Apple ’s trees were already growing in other locations, meaning the carbon sequestered on the Apple campus would have been sequestered anyway. That suggests that any estimate of carbon sequestration at Apple Park should be reduced by at least half. In the plus column, grass and shrubs also sequester carbon, though not merely as much as trees, with their thick trunks and extensive root systems.

So how much carbon will Apple ’s trees sequester? The figures used in the Northridge study suggest that Apple’s 8,000 trees will remove some 700,000 pounds of carbon from the atmosphere each year. According to Apple’s submissions to the city of Cupertino, the new campus can be expected to produce 82 million pounds of carbon annually. That means that the carbon sequestered will be less than 1 percent of the carbon emitted.

In short, Apple ’s decision to plant 8,000 trees, whatever its other benefits, won’t have a significant effect on the amount of carbon in the atmosphere. The campus, even with a very green building at its heart, will emit more than one hundred times as much carbon as its trees absorb.

That doesn’t mean we shouldn’t keep planting trees. But it does mean that, as with so many issues related to global warming , there is no quick fix. Thinking there is could keep us from making the tough decisions climate change demands.

• Sustainability

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Project in-depth: Apple Park

Sprawling across an area of 176 acres of land, Apple Park is the second campus of the company built in Cupertino , California , being one of the final opuses by then CEO, Steve Jobs. The colossal structure, molded as a ring, symbolizes Apple’s persistent commitment to futuristic design advancements and sustainability .The stakeholders intended to accommodate about 12,000 employees on the expansive campus, called The Ring, located at One Apple Park Way by officially moving them from their initial headquarters at 1 Infinite Loop in 2017.This majestic building incorporates 800 of the world’s most prodigious rounded glass panels, about 45-foot-tall, that environ the four-storeyed structure, a few functioning as humungous sliding doors, allowing spatial interaction between indoor and outdoor spaces .

Approximately nine thousand drought-resistant trees encompass the entire vicinity of the campus with a central orchard. Apple partnered with First Solar to provide 130MW of solar energy to the campus and surrounding buildings, establishing itself as the greenest office building in the world powered entirely by renewable resources. Being the largest existing naturally-ventilated building, it does not require air conditioning for three-quarters of the year. The project is LEED Platinum-certified and the green spaces have been increased from 20 to 80 percent, with over six kilometers (four miles) of walking and jogging trails. Its landscape and structures blend: the Ring Building, Steve Jobs Theater, Fitness & Wellness Center , Visitors’ Center, and South Parking are all enveloped by flowing greenery that optimizes the buildings as venues to interact, relax, and work.

Steve Jobs purchased the land from his former employer corporation, Hewlett-Packard, and presented avid aspirations regarding the project to the Cupertino City Council. The project exceeded cost and time estimations. Tragically, Steve Jobs passed away a few months into the introduction of the initial stages. The campus theatre was named after him in remembrance.

Previously, impermeable surfaces dominated the 71-hectare (175-acre) property. Apple broke ground and began tearing down existing buildings in 2014. The project took almost three years to be completed and was suitable for employee move-in. Apple’s Chief Design Officer, Jony Ive, collaborated closely with the design firm, Foster+Partners on this large project. He identified design flexibility as a significant aspect of the endeavor. Areas can be used as vast open spaces or partitioned into smaller compartments based on the needs.

Apple’s primary campus facility, The Ring, is shaped like a giant flying saucer and is worth $4.17 billion. It employs base isolation to safeguard against earthquakes. The isolation system comprises 692 large steel saucers positioned two floors beneath. This system, a modified version of one used in Japan , will protect the campus from all but the most severe earthquakes. Large rooms with glass walls and entryways, and expansive spaces divisible into smaller portions, can be encountered on the interior. The Ring is divided into eight similar segments and surrounded by a three-quarter-mile-long passageway.

Apple Park puts people first, resulting in an ideal workplace for sustained creativity, innovation, and well-being. The ethos of the campus is Californian: open and connected to nature, and the result of a unique collaboration.The basic design of the Ring Building conceals enormous expertise and invention. It comprises a few crucial attributes: public ‘pod’ spaces for cooperation, private office spaces for concentrated work, and vast, glazed perimeter pathways with the largest sheets of curved glass ever built, allowing unbroken connection to the landscape. The Ring’s floors consist of over 4,000 slabs spanning up to 15 meters (48 feet), making it one of the most advanced precast concrete constructions in the world.

These multi-use materials, known as ‘void slabs,’ comprise the structure and exposed ceiling, contain radiant heating and cooling, and facilitate air return. Full-height atria at the eight cardinal axis points create light-filled entrance commons: communal areas that connect the park to the interior garden space. There are light wells that extend to the bottom. There are visual connections to the floors and linkages through the stairwell.

The Restaurant, a college town square, disrupts this pattern by occupying the Ring’s whole northeast axis. The quadruple height of the dining hall and outside patios stimulate interaction. The Restaurant’s northeastern facade, in particular, can be silently removed. Massive glass doors , 15 meters (50 feet) high and 55 meters (180 feet) wide glide easily on rails beneath the floor.

Numerous other structures are an important component of the Apple Park experience: The Fitness & Wellness Center is a pavilion hideaway in the scenery of Apple Park. From the south, it appears to be a pair of single-story, lightweight buildings; broad glass opens light-filled workout and therapy rooms into meadows. A juice bar located between the two volumes sells healthy drinks and snacks in a courtyard shaded by olive trees.

Despite its formidable futuristic looks, Apple Park has embarked on a long journey of being a sculpted success, with Steve Jobs first announcing the project in 2006. It took eight long years of planning, proposals, and permit applications, but by 2014 construction was in progress. Three years later, the vast apple workforce began moving in. The gigantic ring-shaped structure has evolved into an iconic emblem of the Apple brand, as well as a magnificent tribute to the company’s commitment to a simple design , sustainability, and the future of innovation.

References –

Online sources

• Foster (2019). Apple Park | Foster + Partners. [online] Fosterandpartners.com. Available at: https://www.fosterandpartners.com/projects/apple-park/ [Accessed 10 Mar. 2023].
• Apple Insider (n.d.). Apple Park | Design, History, Layout. [online] AppleInsider. Available at: https://appleinsider.com/inside/apple-park [Accessed 10 Mar. 2023].
• MacRumors. (2023). Apple Park Visitor’s Center Now Open to the Public. [online] Available at: https://www.macrumors.com/2017/11/17/apple-park-visitors-center-now-open/ [Accessed 15 Mar. 2023].
• C3DIZ. (2022). The Steve Jobs Theater at Apple Park, the lobby in the landscape. [online] Available at: https://www.c3diz.net/the-steve-jobs-theater-at-apple-park-by-foster-parners/ [Accessed 8 Mar. 2023].

Images/visual mediums

Citations for images/photographs – Print or Online:

• Image 1- (URL: https://www.fosterandpartners.com/projects/apple-park/ )
• Image 2- (URL: https://www.cnet.com/pictures/our-first-trip-to-apples-spaceship-campus/4/
• Image 3- (URL: https://www.c3diz.net/the-steve-jobs-theater-at-apple-park-by-foster-parners/ )
• Image 4- (URL: https://www.c3diz.net/the-steve-jobs-theater-at-apple-park-by-foster-parners/ )
• Image 5- (URL: https://www.macrumors.com/2017/11/17/apple-park-visitors-center-now-open/ )

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