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Essay on Print Media and Electronic Media

Students are often asked to write an essay on Print Media and Electronic Media in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

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100 Words Essay on Print Media and Electronic Media

Print media.

Print media is a form of communication that uses printed materials, such as newspapers, magazines, and books. It has been around for centuries and has played a vital role in keeping people informed and entertained. Print media is typically more formal than electronic media and is often used for in-depth analysis and reporting.

Electronic Media

Electronic media is a form of communication that uses electronic devices, such as television, radio, and the internet. It is a relatively new form of communication, but it has quickly become one of the most popular ways to share information. Electronic media is often more immediate and interactive than print media and is often used for breaking news and entertainment.

Print media and electronic media have both advantages and disadvantages. Print media is often more reliable and in-depth, while electronic media is often more immediate and interactive. Ultimately, the best type of media for a particular purpose depends on the individual’s needs and preferences.

250 Words Essay on Print Media and Electronic Media

Print media: the traditional powerhouse of information.

Print media has ruled the realm of information dissemination for centuries. From newspapers and magazines to books and journals, printed words have shaped and molded public opinion, communicated news, and disseminated knowledge. Print media’s enduring strength lies in its tangible nature, enabling people to hold, feel, and interact with the information in a deeply personal way.

Electronic Media: The Modern Marvel of Instant Connectivity

Electronic media, born from the confluence of technology and innovation, has revolutionized the way we consume information. With the advent of the internet, television, and social media platforms, information is now available at our fingertips 24/7. Electronic media offers real-time updates, interactive experiences, and multimedia content that captivates audiences across the globe.

Convergence: The Intertwining of Two Worlds

As technology continues to advance, print media and electronic media are increasingly converging, creating a dynamic and interconnected information landscape. Newspapers and magazines have established strong online presences, extending their reach beyond the printed page. Conversely, electronic media outlets often create print publications, blurring the lines between the two mediums.

Impact on Society: Shaping Our Understanding of the World

Both print media and electronic media wield immense influence on society, shaping our perceptions, opinions, and behaviors. They inform us about current events, educate us on a myriad of topics, and entertain us in countless ways. The accessibility and immediacy of electronic media have made it a dominant force in shaping public opinion, often influencing political discourse and societal attitudes.

Conclusion: A Symbiotic Relationship

Print media and electronic media, while seemingly distinct, are intricately intertwined. They complement each other, providing diverse avenues for information dissemination and consumption. The future of media lies in the harmonious coexistence of these two powerful forces, each playing a vital role in informing, educating, and entertaining the world.

500 Words Essay on Print Media and Electronic Media

Print media: the traditional powerhouse.

The world of information and communication has undergone a remarkable transformation over the years, with print media playing a pivotal role in shaping societies for centuries. Print media encompasses a wide range of formats, including newspapers, magazines, journals, and books. These mediums have served as primary sources of information, entertainment, and education for generations.

Newspapers, with their daily updates, have kept people informed about current events, local happenings, and global issues. Magazines, covering diverse topics from fashion and lifestyle to science and technology, have catered to a wide range of interests and provided in-depth analysis and perspectives. Journals, academic and scholarly publications, have advanced knowledge and research across various disciplines. Books, the timeless companions, have transported readers to different worlds, enriched their imaginations, and expanded their horizons.

Electronic Media: The Digital Revolution

The advent of electronic media has ushered in a new era of communication and information dissemination. Electronic media encompasses a vast array of technologies and platforms, including television, radio, the internet, and social media. These mediums have transformed the way people consume news, entertainment, and information.

Television, with its ability to broadcast live events and produce captivating shows, has become a ubiquitous household fixture. Radio, despite the rise of other media, has maintained its popularity, reaching audiences with news, music, and talk shows. The internet, with its boundless connectivity and accessibility, has revolutionized the way people communicate, learn, and access information. Social media platforms, connecting people across geographical boundaries, have become powerful tools for sharing news, opinions, and experiences.

Convergence: The Blending of Print and Electronic

The distinction between print and electronic media has gradually blurred over time, leading to the emergence of convergence. Convergence refers to the integration of different media platforms and technologies to create new and innovative ways of delivering information and entertainment.

Many newspapers and magazines have established online versions, allowing readers to access content anytime and anywhere. Radio and television stations have expanded their reach through online streaming and podcasting. Social media platforms have become distribution channels for news and information, enabling users to share content from traditional media outlets and independent sources.

Impact on Society: A Changing Landscape

The evolution of print and electronic media has profoundly impacted society in numerous ways. Access to information has become more widespread, breaking down geographical and cultural barriers. News and information can now reach remote areas and marginalized communities, empowering individuals with knowledge and enabling them to participate in public discourse.

Electronic media has also revolutionized the way people learn and consume entertainment. Online courses, educational videos, and interactive games have made learning more accessible and engaging. Streaming services and online platforms offer a vast selection of movies, TV shows, music, and other forms of entertainment, catering to diverse tastes and preferences.

The Future of Media: Embracing Innovation

The future of media is poised for continued evolution, driven by technological advancements and changing consumer behaviors. Print media, while facing challenges, is likely to adapt and find new ways to engage audiences. Electronic media, with its dynamic and interactive nature, is expected to continue expanding and diversifying.

Innovation will play a crucial role in shaping the future of media. Emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and augmented reality, have the potential to transform the way people consume and interact with information and entertainment. Media companies and content creators are constantly exploring new possibilities and experimenting with innovative formats to captivate audiences and deliver compelling experiences.

In conclusion, print and electronic media, with their unique strengths and characteristics, have played a profound role in informing, educating, and entertaining societies. As technology continues to advance and media landscapes evolve, the convergence of these mediums will likely lead to even more transformative and immersive experiences, shaping the way people engage with the world around them.

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Essay: Print Media

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Print Media

In the present time applications of Visual art through Mass media and specially print media has emerged as a immense significant medium in our society. Role of media to generate awareness and to educate people has been through a lot of experimentation. By using instruments of visual art in a direct and indirect ways we can make public inform and to govern lives of community. The following study attempts to examine characteristics and evolution of print ads issued in public interest by GOI (Government of India). Also an attempt to examine changing of strategy used in GOI print campaigns made for conveying health related messages in public. Starting with a brief history of print advertising and print advertising in India, then covering elements of print ad, GOI Health Communication strategy, GOI Print campaigns, Polio eradication campaign will be the major focus of this study. In order to understand celebrity endorsement and its impact in rural area the concentration will be on Polio Campaign. I choose polio print campaign because of its huge nationwide print campaign for mass impact. India is a land of one billion people and still counting and a zillion opportunities. How does one communicate with this land where dialects, culture and even cuisine changes every 8 to 10 miles as one goes by. Production and creation of effective advertising has long been a concern of both advertisers and advertising agencies. There have been various rules of thumb for creating effective advertising since advertising began. In order to understand this better I have added a brief history of advertising in India. The history of Indian Advertising can be tracked down to the time with hawkers calling out their wares, right from the days cities and markets first began. The trend moves from shop font signage to street side sellers to press ads. In 18th Century, concrete advertising began with classified advertising and not to forget this was also the time when print ads appeared for the very first time in Hickey’s Bengal Gazette, which was India’s First newspaper. It was a weekly newspaper. Newspapers are one of the best platforms for conveying information due to cheap medium, easy accessibility and also extended reach as well as high frequency of publication. Government of India has been using this medium to spread public health information and to raise awareness. Many times depending upon areas in our country, like in rural areas this medium plays major role in awareness. The newspaper becomes the only medium for Government to approach the communities. So it’s important that health related messages should be highly effective and easy to understand at the same time. To bring desirable change in a community message should be conveyed effectively and strongly.

However, the history of India can not overlook the 200 year British rule over the country. Every aspect of Indian lifestyle, whether it is education, transportation, commerce, or advertising and communications, was affected by the foreign invasion. But, it was in such a time period that type setting shops, also called studios, emerged, marking the beginning of advertising created in India (as opposed to imports from England). These studios were set up for bold type, ornate fonts, fancier, and larger ads. These newspaper studios then trained the first generation of visualizers & illustrators. The earliest of ads that can be seen, appeared in newspapers, in the form of the latest merchandise from England around the early 1700s. Other goods advertised then were patent medicines; the first brands as we know them today were a category of advertisers.

INTRODUCTION

Advertising has been any business’s most important part since centuries, The very first print advertisement in English got printed in 1472 for selling a book of prayer. It’s very clear that the media today has become a very present force in India and abundance of advertisements is the result of free media. In print advertising history it can be explained by the offers which are posted in newspapers or sent through mail. It is one of the oldest medium of advertising and it has long history. During the time of William Caxton, in 1468, it started, when William promoted a book which had his first printed advertisement. Later in 1704 a person named Joseph Campbell started to include ads in Newsletter of Boston. After this, Benjamin Day got a book printed named New York Sun in the period of 1833, It was a mix of stories and advertising car. Later in 1910 the ‘Edward book of Women home book’ made a magazine ad code. Since this time period print advertising started giving more attention towards design and glamour. Print advertising was only effective if people see them, when a person look through one or two publications he bent towards getting new details and also his observation starts which gradually increases about the things which interest him. This type of advertising attracts more people to towards products and services, when they see or read publications. These type of advertisements are mostly seen in newspapers, magazines etc. A lot of planning by a group of individuals is done for this kind of advertising. By going through history of print advertising we get this idea that a group of creative people is needed to create ideas which further becomes an ‘ Idea’. Another group of other people works on appropriately placing these ideas so that they can earn more money. Print media advertising is a prime part of minting money for a publication. Mailers are also a part of print advertising which consist of notice size white paper to postcards. Now as we know, advertising has been a important thing for business for years, Its signs & symptoms are there during the early Roman and Greek civilizations up to the middle 17th Century. Earlier advertising was exclusively meant to be an outdoor medium. The local merchants used advertising to attract and interact customers. When the adoption of printing press went widespread, the publication of local newspapers started and they started classified advertising. Enterprising merchants used postal and press system to print the very first commercial catalogs. About Print Ads/Visuals In these days application of visual art via mass media has gained a lot of significance in society. Use of media in way to generate awareness, to inform and to supervise and control any community’s lives in many direct and in-direct ways- can be made much more impactful by using tools or principals of visual art. Mix of media and visual art has a vast area of opportunity to play a important role in country like India which has huge geographical area. Variety of Culture, 18 scheduled languages and social-economic disparity. The value of communication in making people mobilized as well as seeking people’s interest and involvement In country’s development is well recognized. If the communication facilities will be great the modernization process will be very fast. A plan which indicates where the component parts of the ad like illustrations, text, headline etc. will be placed for effective communication is called layout. The layout plays a major role in performing psychological or symbolic function. The final print ad which is followed by the final layout gives the reader or viewer a very first impression of service, organization, product or individual sponsoring the print ad. When a layout is very formal it shows that the advertiser is solid, conservative and stable. To present the impression of any dynamic, innovative company or service a modern and informal layout is required. Image of ‘class’ and exclusiveness is represented by sufficient white space in any print ad most of the times. To give the impression of discount type of something white type on heavy black background or a layout covered with heavy elements is made. This type of things is mostly done in retail advertising. (Brian, 2012)

DIFFERENT ELEMENTS OF PRINT ADS

There are different elements of print ads which contribute in a formation of design which is created to attract customers attention. These elements together form a good treat to eyes which forces him to read the whole advertisement. These points are also put here in terms of psychology also.

Attention The main aim of the print ads is to get customer attention and lure them for any service or product. For triggering any ad’s boom factor, the attention step is critically important.Most of the time strong headline is used for this purpose. Any advertiser has to keep these points in mind while creating one :

1. The message should be easy to understand 2. convince instead of entertainment. 3. Assume customer’s lack of interest 4. Provide relevant information 5. Be confident

Three Basic means to attract attention by Russel and Lane(1996): to use a combination of headline with visual, to use a headline alone or to use a visual alone. In an Ad the visual image should be in rhythm with the body copy and headline. In many of the print ads celebrities are used to attract attention. The glamour of celeb works in drawing customer’s attention. According to Rotfeld (2002) celebs are just used when there is lack of any good idea and mostly the celebs are not connected with the product for which they are advertising. But these type of print ads attracts people better than usual print ads.

Advertisers should not use vivid styles, sizes and pictures or else readers will ignore the ad, according to Sawyer(1995). There should be a continuous flow which will help the person in observation of all the important things in any print advertisement. A good print ad must represent what a problem any service or product can solve and how it is the perfect choice. One of the major aim of the print ad is to create a long lasting image of any brand or service. Color ads gain much success as compared to black and white ads.

Three different type of elements are there in a print ad, picture, brand and text. (Pieters & Wedel, 2004). Picture works in attracting the reader or person’s attention toward print ad. The brand element shows the visual scene of brand’s logo, identity, name & trademark. Most of the time a packaging or a logo is remembered by a person by a image which refers to that particular brand image. In some other print ads only a hint of something is essential for the brand. Two different ways are there for any brand’s ad. Either to emphasize on the ad for service or product or by showing the service or product in use. In newspaper and magazine ads a person attention is captured by seven seconds of text, six seconds of picture and four seconds of brand. The bigger visual will create bigger attention. The headlines plays a vital role in making of a nice print ad. It is very important to consider all three parts for making a good print ad, which are picture, brand and text.

Why colors are used in any print ad or visual? Beside making them attractive there are more different reasons to it. Like, representing people, objects, scenes with complete fidelity, creating good impression and fastening visual impressions in anybody’s memory, emphasizing some important part, representing objects and obviously attracting attention. In 1891 use of color in newspaper advertising was done for the first time. But now if we talk about today the whole scenario has changed, we can’t imagine our world without color. Colored newspaper advertisement are a essential thing to grab the attention. Consumers can often be motivated by colors, depending upon cultural background and personal experience. Lifestyle preference can be imparted by color preference. For example red, blue, yellow etc. which are primary colors when juxtaposed with white stripes exude decisiveness and are often used as team colors in sporting events. They are associated with sporting lifestyle. Yellow, light blue and green are some of spring colors which suggest a exuberant, fresh character. Deep violets, black and dark blue etc. are some of winter colors which represents chilly and cool attitudes.

Illustrations

In any print communication it is the most important element. By attracting the attention of reader they play a vital role in any print’s effectiveness. They give a fast and quick idea to the reader, mostly when its hard to convey the idea verbally. Good illustration and its appropriate use develops interest in viewer’s mind about print ad. It also makes communication more believable. Photographs and art work are the two basic tools of any Illustration. These days photographs are used mostly in print media publications. They are believed to be more real and authentic in comparison to artwork. Researches proves that pictures or photographs sells more than drawings. Most of the time artwork is believed to represent fantasy. But sometime cartoon work and artwork are used to enhance a certain feature of message. Diagrams in health concerned messages could be a useful medium of artwork in depicting or illustrating complicated messages. To put an idea across effectively the visual content should be focused and relevant.

Symbol/Ideogram

It’s also one important part of communication or we can say it’s a another vital visual tool for conveying the message. An image which embodies any organization is called ideogram. It is a graphic symbol which is used to represent any idea or concept. Some are comprehensible only by familiarity with prior convention. Others convey through pictorial objects and also known as pictograms. Culture, background, education and sophistication play a important part in role of symbol in communication. Symbols may weaken or strengthen the communication on how and where they are used. And also depending on the level of understanding each involved person has about what specific symbol means. Logo

To gain instant public recognition government authorities or organizations, commercial enterprises, individual person etc. use an emblem or graphic mark known as logo. It can be graphical purely or composition of the name of the organization. The importance of logo lies in its visual content, some studies shows that instead of text people relate and recognize image faster. (Ra, 2008) designing a good logo may require involvement of marketing and design agency. It requires a clear idea about values and concept of any firm, organization, authority or service. It also requires better understanding of the target group or consumer. The logo in any print ad should be used in appropriate place or else it can cause distraction and harm the impact of print ad. And it should be in right size also.

The layout of the print ads deals with different relationships, between top and bottom, left and right, horizontal and vertical. There exist the different layout and arrangement to catch the attention of the customer. (Moriarty, 1991)

Grouping and Unity are the combination of visual elements to make sense in print ads and the important things are boldly marked in ad. To create a gap between the elements white space is used. White space is regarded as blockade, but still it’s a vital component. Can be used as support or backdrop. It should be put outside for maximum use of its application. To tell a viewer from where to begin a good layout is necessary.

Simplicity, Contrast, Balance, Sequence, Emphasis are the other important element of a good layout.

If print medium had music, for sure it would be typography. Typefaces are decoded as we read. Each letter’s cut will transmit many signals to the brain. Typography underscores words with emotional presence, creates atmosphere, colors the way we want our message interpreted. With the invention of Mac, numerous of new typographical techniques and faces have been spawned overnight.

Two Art directors have become the world’s master of typography, one is Neil Godfrey who dominated the British Industry and Neil French roamed the Asian stage.

Advertisements also have personalities like people, some say their message in a fresh way and they are able to make an impact. Some are boring so they go unsuccessful. Like for example, most of us might be polite to dull people but to a dull ad no one will be polite. ‘The written word is the deepest dagger you can drive into a man’s soul.’ Not only the print is the oldest advertising medium it is one of the most resilient also. Advertising witnessed transition from one type to another. Print exercise is an tempting charisma. It is the permanence of the page, the romantic chemistry of paper and ink. It is the only medium which we can touch and hold and the best part is communication here is one to one.

Objectives of this study 1. To analyze the existence of evolution in Government (Indian) print ads issued in public interest. 2. To analyze how successfully government print ads left an impact on reader’s mind as compared to commercial print ads of the private brand or service. 3. To identify and analyze the key factors influencing the consumer

Advertising in India In India the first newspaper published in 19th Century which carried advertising, So since then it has been a long tradition in India. In India B.Datram & Company established in 1905 was the very first advertising company in india followed by few others mentioned below. (Ciochetto, 2004) 1. India Advertising Company (1907) 2. Calcutta Advertising Agency (1909) 3. S.H.Bensen (1928) 4. J. Walter Thompson Associates as Hindustan Thompson Associate (1929) 5. Lintas which is Lever International Advertising Services (1939) 6. McCann Erikson (1956) Expenditure of advertising was estimated at $ US 300,000 in 1950’s. Due to influence of more socialist political environment of 60’s and 70’s companies to advertise were getting very little incentive, and the reason behind it was that the advertising was Non-tax deductible. 58% rise in number of agencies registered was noted in 1970’s. In the duration between 1969 to 1979 the agencies turned to 168 from 106, and not to forget this also included Indian agencies growth. Print Ads in India while dealing with print ads It is necessary to keep viewer in mind. The low level of literacy could be the reason why any print ad become less effective or impactful in rural areas of india. A lot of visuals might increase its effectiveness. Now india becoming a succeeding country is picking up on literacy rate, this point is important and must be considered, In india print ads have great reach. We can see ads in market place where most of the people contact to each other. The visuals and the memory devices can still ensure the message delivery even if the language used in ad is English. The only way to reach local audience is to keep the ad Relaxed and simple and to the point. The Advertising Standards Council of India The Advertising Standard Council of India was formed on 21st Oct.1985 under section 25 of the companies act, 1956 as a non-profit body. The council has provided a list of guidelines to all its members to help them to regulate their behavior themselves. Membership of Advertising Standards Council of India is open to firms and companies in the following categories. a) Advertisers of good and/ or services. b) Proprietors or publishers of Newspapers, periodicals and other media that carry advertisement of services or good. c) Advertising agencies. d) Outdoor contractors, film/video/TV/radio producers/distributors block maker, printers and such other types of allied and ancillary trades and profession who assist in the creation or placement of advertising or in any manner concerned with advertising. The advertising Standards Council has adopted a code for self-regulation in advertising. It is expected from all its members, whether they are the advertisers, advertising agencies, media houses, or outside contractors or suppliers dealing with the advertising work, to follow such self-regulatory norms and behave in a responsible manner. As the code become increasingly accepted and observed, three benefits are expected to happen : 1. Fewer false and misleading claims resulting in more credibility. 2. Fewer unfair advertisements resulting in fairer competition. 3. Increasing respectability. This code applies to the advertisements read or viewed in India by a significant number of people even if carried by media that are published or that which originate abroad.

Governments Advertisements in India In India government ads are not considered as source of monetary assistance to any media outlet or publication. To this end, Only when the occasion or need arises none of the ads issued. During the financial year 2009-10 the government spent 2,4413000 rs. on advertisements. About 11,551 government advertisements were released to different newspapers throughout whole India. This included around 95,06,914 outdoor displays and 80,000 copies of printed materials, like calendars, speeches of the prime minister and other government publicity literature. The Indian Government advertising process is a complex process consisting of balances and multiple checks at each and every stage. From Ad’s creation decision to actual placement and analysis of the impact. Indian newspapers are not subsidized by the government. Ads of the Indian government are not a source of income for newspapers. In fact the government agencies for example DAVP which stands for Directorate of Advertising and Visual Publicity gets 40% cheaper rates than the commercial rates from these newspapers. (Robert Grabow, p. 39)

A Bar chart visualization of what the government spent on print advertising in year 2009-2010 through newspapers.

Government goes Private The government has to ensure that its policies and programs are properly presented and correctly interpreted through the press and other media to the people on whose support and good will it holds office. Around 11 to 12 thousand government ads are released in a year in various newspapers in all India on which government spend approx. 2,30,00000 to 2,40,00000 Rs. (Robert Grabow, p. 39) In this modern time where commercial segment is trying to lure customers with their colorful & experimental print ads, Government is also trying to compete them.To increase the attention of public in their messages they are now hiring ad agencies. Some Print ad Campaigns of government bodies has been done by private advertising agencies like Orchard, Dentsu, Taproot and percept etc. For example if we take the ‘India Shining’ Campaign which ran across the country on a huge level, it was done by Orchard Advertising which is a Indian subsidiary of Leo Burnett, a U.S. based advertising Company. Orchard’s advertisement strategy was to counter the mood set by the ‘ India Shining ‘ campaign. Most advertisements by congress did not use bright & many colors was mainly concentrated more on the poor. Indian National Congress (INC) has awarded its entire creative and media mandates to Percept, ahead of the upcoming assembly elections in the states of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand following a multi-agency pitch. Commenting on the win, Amitava Mitra, chief operating officer, Percept, said, ‘Yes, Congress has chosen us to work on the campaigns for both these states. UP is one of the most important states for Congress; it’s not been in power here for the last 22 years, thus we have a very huge and challenging task ahead of us. We will develop the complete integrated campaign for the party. The decision to work with Percept was unanimous at the party level since the agency understood the objective well and had a tone and language in the campaign that was in sync with the thinking of the Congress.’

Rajiv Agrawal, executive creative director, Percept/H, added, ‘This is truly a satisfying win. It called for a different kind of understanding and sensibilities. While on the one hand, you had to understand the vision and the thinking process of the person leading the charge – Rahul Gandhi in this case, on the other hand, you had to address different audiences and, therefore, different problems/ issues at the same time, yet have a single-minded thought which cuts across. We had an interesting thought ‘ sensible, yet warm, honest, yet clutter breaking.’

The Congress party has opted for many of the same people who were behind its advertising campaign for the 2009 elections, picking Dentsu and Taproot to join JWT as the agencies that will handle the Rs 500 crore contract. The party made its choice last week, said more than five people aware of the decision. They didn’t want to be named. It was reported earlier that JWT had been chosen by the party to run its ad campaign. While the three agencies have been barred from speaking to the media by the party, the people familiar said Dentsu and its unit Taproot will handle the above-the-line (ATL) communications or those with a mass focus. Dentsu picked up a 51% stake in Taproot last year and both agencies made a joint pitch. JWT will handle the activation or on-ground events for Congress. The party is expected to spend nearly Rs 400 crore on ATL messaging that includes television, print, radio, outdoor and digital and around Rs 100 crore for the on-ground activities. The party will be looking to the ad agencies to burnish an image that’s been battered by corruption scandals and criticism over inaction on policy changes for much of its term. Experts said the Congress party will be looking to the food security legislation, the Right to Information Act, the direct transfer of benefits initiative and others as its main campaign planks for the election, besides indirect, subtle attacks on the opposition party over its secular credentials. ‘Rahul Gandhi wants to use ’empowering the common man.

For the last election, JWT created a three-month campaign for Congress backed by the tagline ‘Aam aadmi ke badhte kadam’. The campaign took place in three phases with some 250 films and radio spots in 22 languages. Special films were also made to reach out first-time voters with the slogan ‘Yuva Bharat ke badhte kadam’, leveraging Rahul Gandhi’s leadership and the late Rajiv Gandhi’s contribution to the country’s development. They have a tough task ahead of them, given the current image of the party and the popularity of the BJP’s Narendra Modi.

On a similar track Bangalore traffic police also hired a private ad agency for its campaign. Bangalore traffic Police has been running an outdoor advertising campaign using disturbing photography to shock people out of talking to their friends and families on the phone while they are driving. Men and women are shown grimacing as blood spurts out from their telephones. The tag line: ‘Don’t talk while he drives’ The Campaign was developed at Mudra Group, India, by executive creative director – Joono Simon, Art director – Vinci Raj, Copywriter ‘ Akhilesh Baghri, Photographer Mallikarjun Katakol with retouching by Satish.

Advertising for a good cause. Cancer in India. A survey by Indian Cancer Society in year 1978 in Bombay (which is known as Mumbai now) revealed that awareness of symptoms, causes & treatments of cancer was very low. Then the Indian Cancer Society asked O&M to mount on advertising campaign. To change the attitudes from fatalism and ignorance to optimism and understanding was the main motto of the campaign. Only then could people be persuaded to have regular check-ups at the free clinics of the society. The theme was one of hope : Life after Cancer’Its worth living. The advertisement showed real people who had been cured and within 2 months the no. of check-ups given by the clinics tripled.

It says most of the people are attracted towards any print ad most of the time due to colors and creative visuals or any Celebrity image.

Hence my further research was more concentrated on Visuals, colors and elements of design, which in combination make any print ad interesting.

There was also study of consumer psychology behind this, Bright images, bright colors, creative visuals or use of any celebrity’s image grabs attention more. And Colors and images are the first thing which attracts a person to a print ad.

Thus the elements of design plays main part in grabbing the attention of reader. Your advertisement should be very different if you want more people to be interested in it. However since starting private advertising agencies/companies were very experimental and unconventional in their treatments of print ads, the competition is getting tough these days due to the Internet Age. But print has still its charm.

By above data we can say that government is trying hard to convey its message in public widely and effectively and that’s why government is hiring private advertisement agencies. They are doing something different from their routine working, they know in this modern world your print ads should be catchy enough to stay in mind for a while. Many of their advertisement campaigns were successful and famous in metro as well as small cities and in aged ones as well as youth. By their efforts people now have started giving time & thoughts to their ads.

Bibliography

(n.d.). http://www.mxmindia.com/2013/10/its-dentsu-taproot-jwt-for-congress/#sthash.rSTFMJko.dpuf. (2013, October). Retrieved from www.mxmindia.com: http://www.mxmindia.com/2013/10/its-dentsu-taproot-jwt-for-congress/#sthash.rSTFMJko.dpuf Ciochetto, L. (2004). Advertising and globalisation in India. Wellington, New Zealand: EASA. http://www.campaignindia.in/Article/284706, p.-t.-h.-c.-d.-f.-c.-u.-p.-a.-u.-e.-c. (n.d.). Malin Edlund, H. N. (2006). The Use of Print Ads for an International Brand. Lulea University of Technology. Robert Grabow, S. D. (n.d.). Government Advertising Policies:Some Findings from Around the World. Columbia University, New York.

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18 Print Media Examples

print media examples and definition, explained below

Print media is a form of publishing that relies upon paper as its medium. Magazines, newspapers, flyers, and books are all examples of print media.

This type of publishing has been around since the emergence of the printing press in the 15th century, when it enabled the rapid spread of information for the first time in human history. It remains an important part of communication and marketing to this day.

In the past few decades, print media has faced stiff competition from new media , such as the internet and television. Nevertheless, print media still remains relevant in some contexts. Large newspaper publications, for example, are still seen as the elite mediums for political discourse.

Print Media Examples

1. newspapers.

For most of the 20th Century, newspapers were the dominant mass media form of information sharing, particularly in the fields of economics and politics.

Historically, newspapers were published in national broadsheets, state-wide, and local formats. They are typically published daily or weekly.

Many newspapers include sections for national and international news, local news, sports, weather, opinion, business, and crime. In addition to news articles, newspapers may also contain comic strips, puzzles, or advice columns.

2. Magazines

Magazines are printed periodicals, typically released on a monthly or bi-monthly basis. They are usually geared towards a specific intended audience , and they often have a specific focus or niche.

For example, there are magazines for bird enthusiasts, carpenters, pop culture fans, and car enthusiasts.

Unlike newspapers, magazines tend to have more graphics and fewer articles. They also often include glossy advertisements targeting a niched-down audience demographic.

Related Article: What Is Media Richness Theory?

For centuries, books have been an important source of both entertainment and education. The first book is thought to have been invented by the Ancient Egyptians, who used papyrus scrolls to record their history and myths .

Around the same time, the Chinese developed paper and began using it to create books. Books then spread to the rest of the world, thanks to the efforts of early explorers and traders.

The invention of the printing press in the 1400s made it possible to mass-produce books. This helped to make books more affordable and available to the general public.

We can divide books down into categories such as textbooks, encyclopedias, and novels. Each of these sub-categories serves its own purpose, including education, knowledge storage, and entertainment respectively.

4. Billboards

Billboards are signs, often advertising signs, that are plastered in public thoroughfares including highways and popular shopping strips.

Billboards were first used in the early 1800s, when advertisers began using large posters to promote their products. These early billboards were often written by hand, faded easily, and were difficult to read from a distance.

However, they proved to be effective at catching people’s attention.

In the late 1800s, advances in printing technology made it possible to produce large lithographs that could be easily mounted on walls or fences. By the early 1900s, companies were using these lithographs to advertise everything from cars to baby formula.

Today, print billboards are increasingly being replaced by electronic billboards that can display a flashy, moving image to catch people’s attention more effectively.

Posters, like billboards, are used to advertise products and brands in public spaces. They are often seen in spaces such as bus shelters, on the sides of buildings, in cinema foyers, and in subways.

One of the key benefits of using posters to advertise is that they can be very cost-effective. Unlike television or radio ads, which require airtime or production costs, posters can be produced relatively cheaply. Additionally, because they are typically placed in high-traffic areas, posters have the potential to reach a large number of people with minimal effort.

Posters are most commonly used to promote films, live shows, and music gigs. They’re still used regularly as a form of guerilla marketing – anyone can throw up a poster in a public space in the inner city.

Flyers are handheld advertisements that are are typically distributed in public places such as on street corners or in bus shelters. They may also be mailed directly to potential customers.

Flyers contain printed text and images promoting a single message, such as a message about a product, event, or who to vote for in an election. They also sometimes offer coupons or discounts.

Their goal is to generate interest in what they are promoting and to encourage people to take action, such as visiting a website or attending an event. When designed effectively, flyers can be an important tool for marketing and advertising.

7. Catalogs

Catalogs are printed media that demonstrate and promote the inventory of a shop. They typically contain product photos, descriptions, pricing information, and contact information. Many businesses also use catalogs to showcase new products or seasonal offerings.

Historically, brands such as JC Penney would send out their catalogs, then consumers would send back purchase orders, and get their products delivered. With the rise of the internet, catalogs have moved online, and print catalogs are less common.

Often, seasonal catalogs are also provided that target specific events and product segments. For example, a retailer might create a holiday gift catalog that is specifically designed for Christmas shoppers.

Coupons are a type of promotional discount offered by retail stores or manufacturers. As print media, they are typically distributed through newspapers, direct mail, or on flyers. Today, they’re often also emailed to consumers (as an example of electronic media).

Coupons are offered for a short period of time and offer a discount on the purchase of a product or service. One common way that coupons are used is for buy one get one free deals. Customers can also use coupons to receive a percentage off their total purchase, or to get a free item with purchase.

In addition to being used at traditional brick-and-mortar stores, coupons can also be used at online retailers. Many times, customers will simply enter a coupon code at checkout in order to receive the discount.

A zine is a small-circulation self-published work, usually reproduced via photocopying. Zines are most often created by individual writers, artists, or small collectives, and bound with staples, tape, or string.

Unlike magazines, which are typically published by large media companies on a regular schedule, zines are often produced sporadically and without any preconceived notion of audience or market. They’re usually much smaller than corporate magazines as well.

In recent years, the rise of the Internet has made it easier than ever to produce and distribute zines, and the DIY aesthetic of zine culture has been increasingly embraced by mainstream publishers and arts organizations.

10. Yard Signs

Yard signs become very popular during election campaigns when parties distribute the signs as a form of flash marketing before the election. A yard sign typically contains the name and logo of the candidate or party, along with a slogan.

Yard signs are placed in high traffic areas such as near busy intersections. They are also often placed in people’s yards with the homeowner’s permission.

This is one example of print media that has been largely unaffected by the digital revolution of recent decades. During elections, yard signs are as popular as ever.

11. Periodicals

A periodical is a booklet, often with illustrations, that is issued at fixed intervals (or ‘periods’), typically once a month or once a week. It contains articles, stories, and other writing on a specific niche or topic, such as economics or politics.

Examples of periodicals include The Virginia Quarterly Review , Slate , Jacobin , and The New Statesman .

They’re often seen as a high culture version of magazines, exploring well-edited, detailed, long-form pieces from expert authors in the niche. Periodicals provide a convenient and in-depth way to stay up-to-date on current events, trends, and news.

12. Comic Books

Comic books are illustrated stories that tell a story through image sequences rather than paragraph-form writing. Targeted at youths, they tend to feature superhero characters and include elements of fantasy or science fiction.

Comic books are typically published on a weekly or monthly basis and are typically collected into “trade paperbacks” which compile several issues into a single volume.

While they have been around for over a century, comic books saw their golden years in the 1950s and 60s. However, they have seen a resurgence in popularity in recent years, thanks in part to the success of movies and television shows based on their characters.

13. Phone Books

Prior to the internet, phone books were the primary way for people seeking help to contact service businesses. The most famous type of phone book is, of course, Yellow Pages .

To make money, phone books would often also have featured companies who would pay to have their service advertised in larger text or with additional details.

There used to be controversy surrounding phone books because they publicly displayed people’s phone numbers. This allowed anyone to call someone’s landline. Some countries subsequently implemented ‘silent’ phone numbers where people could opt to have their phone numbers removed from public records.

Since the rise of the cell phone, as well as the emergence of the internet, phone books have become less and less popular. Nevertheless, they do still circulate in some towns.

14. Postcards

Postcards are a personal form of print media that are usually just sent and seen between a small group of people. They are still popular with people who are traveling and want to send messages to their family at home.

The postcard, which is smaller than an envelope so it will fit in the post, usually has a picture of the place the person is staying on the front. On the back, there is space to write a short letter and to provide the address of the place you are sending the letter to.

The idea of a postcard is to send a personalized message to someone letting them know you are thinking of them. Social media such as Instagram have meant people are able to send personalized images instantaneously have quelled the enthusiasm for postcards. However, the old-timey thoughtfulness associated with postcards means they’re still in circuluation.

15. Greeting Cards

Greeting cards are generally fold-over cards that are cards sent to express a variety of emotions, from congratulations to condolences. They often include an image or photograph on the front, along with a message inside.

They are typically given on special occasions such as birthdays, holidays, and anniversaries. However, they can also be sent simply to simply express thoughts or feelings, especially to loved ones.

Greeting cards remain popular because they are personalized and a sign that you have thought of the person enough to get them a physical gift. The receiver can physically hold the card and read the message at their leisure.

In addition, greeting cards can be kept as mementos or stored in photo albums. For these reasons, greeting cards continue to be a popular way to stay connected with friends and loved ones, despite the rise of digital media .

16. Letters

Letters are generally a one-to-one form of communication between either two individuals or a business and an individual.

Before telephones, they were a primary way of communicating with family who lived a long way away. During old wars, they were also one of the only ways soldiers could stay in touch with loved ones back home.

Companies also use letters to send bills or provide updates on products and services. Today, most companies encourage people to receive communications via email instead.

The postal service, one of the largest government bureaucracies in most countries, is in charge of moving letters around the world. The first postal services in the USA were set up in the 1640s, starting with one out of Boston. Today the US Postal Service employs over 600,000 people and is buoyed not by letters, but by packages.

17. Print Photographs

Photography was invented in the early 19th century. Its earliest recorded use was in 1826 by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce.

Niépce used a camera obscura to capture an image on a pewter plate, which he then coated with bitumen and exposed to sunlight. This process produced the world’s first permanent photograph.

However, it was not until 1839 that photography truly began to develop as an art form. That year, Louis Daguerre invented the daguerreotype, a photographic process that produced high-quality images on metal plates. The daguerreotype quickly became popular, and by the 1850s, there were numerous studios specializing in this type of photography.

Photography is a celebrated art form that can have a serious impact on the cultural zeitgeist . Images of war from Vietnam, for example, spurred on the Vietnam war protests of the 1970s.

Great world-influencing photography is celebrated in art galleries and yearly prizes. The most cherished photography prize is the Pulitzer Prize, which has been awarded since 1942.

18. Yearbooks

A yearbook is a published compilation of photographs and other images typically documenting the events of a school year. Yearbooks are generally published annually, though some schools opt for biennial or triennial publications.

The photos within a yearbook provide a visual record of the activities and people associated with the school during that academic year.

Images may include portraits, class, and individual photos, action shots of sports teams and club members, as well as images of special events such as proms and graduation ceremonies.

In addition to photos, many yearbooks also include snippets of text, which may document important moments or provide details about student life. Yearbooks can be a cherished keepsake for former students, offering a glimpse into their past and providing a source of nostalgia for years

Print media is any form of media that exists in a printed, in-based form. It’s contrasted to digital media which, in many ways, is a technological innovation that superseded it. Nevertheless, many forms of print media persist to this day in niched-down formats. While print media is never going to go away entirely, it will continue to evolve out of the mainstream as the world is increasingly digitized. New media has significant advantages including the fact it can be shared and stored more easily.

Chris

Chris Drew (PhD)

Dr. Chris Drew is the founder of the Helpful Professor. He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. He is the former editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education. [Image Descriptor: Photo of Chris]

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Print Media vs. Digital Media: Which One is Better?

Man Reading Digital and Print Media  While Drinking Coffee

The debate between print and digital media continues to grow in today's ever-evolving media landscape. As an expert in the field, I will take you on a journey to explore the intricacies of both mediums and shed light on their advantages and disadvantages. Let's delve into the world of print media, digital media, and the ongoing debate surrounding them.

What is Print Media ?

Print media refers to any form of communication that is physically printed or published on paper. It encompasses newspapers, magazines, brochures, flyers, and other tangible materials that provide information or entertainment to its readership. Print media has been a cornerstone of communication for centuries, offering a tangible experience that engages multiple senses.

What is Digital Media ?

On the other hand, digital media encompasses all communication transmitted electronically through devices such as computers, smartphones, tablets, and other digital platforms. This includes websites, social media platforms, blogs, articles, videos, podcasts - essentially anything accessible online.

Growing Debate Between Print and Digital Media

The rise of digital technology has sparked a growing debate about which medium is more effective in reaching audiences. Some argue that print media holds a timeless appeal with its tactile nature and ability to create a sensory experience for readers. Others believe digital media offers unparalleled convenience and accessibility in our fast-paced world.

As we dive deeper into this discussion throughout this article, it's essential to acknowledge the ongoing relevance of both print and digital media in today's society. Both mediums have unique strengths and weaknesses that deserve exploration before drawing conclusions.

Print Media

Print Media on a Sidewalk

Print media has long been a cornerstone of communication, providing a tangible and reliable source of information for centuries. Despite the rise of digital media, print media continues to hold its ground and offer unique advantages in today's fast-paced world.

Advantages of Uisng Print Media

Print media offers several advantages, making it a valuable communication and marketing tool. While digital media has gained prominence in recent years, print media holds its ground and provides unique benefits that cater to specific audiences and contexts. Here are some advantages of using print media:

Benefits of Print Media #1: Tangible and Credible. Print materials like newspapers and magazines have a physical presence that readers can hold and engage with. This tangibility instills a sense of trust and credibility, as print media is perceived as more authoritative and reliable than digital sources.

Benefits of Print Media #2: Targeted Distribution . Print media allows targeted distribution to specific geographic areas or niche audiences. Advertisers can choose publications or outlets that align with their target market, ensuring their message reaches the right audience.

Benefit of Print Media #3: Enhanced Brand Recall. Physical print materials can leave a lasting impression on readers. Well-designed print ads, brochures, or flyers can capture attention and increase brand recall, as readers are more likely to remember information presented in a tangible format.

Benefits of Print Media #4: Less Competition for Attention. In a world dominated by digital distractions, print media provides a respite from constant screen exposure. With less competition for attention, print materials have the potential to hold readers' focus for more extended periods.

Benefits of Print Media #5: Archival Value. Printed materials can be collected, stored, and referenced for an extended period. Newspapers, magazines, and printed publications from historical archives provide insights into past events and cultural trends.

Benefits of Print Media #6: Wide Demographic Reach. Print media can reach less tech-savvy audiences or have limited access to digital devices. This inclusivity allows brands to engage with a broader demographic, including older or less digitally-connected individuals.

Benefits of Print Media #7: Perceived Higher Quality. Some consumers perceive print media as higher quality than digital alternatives. Luxurious or high-end brands often prefer print materials to convey a sense of exclusivity and sophistication.

Benefits of Print Media #8: Ease of Reading and Comprehension. Print media is generally easier to read and comprehend, especially for longer texts. Many readers find it more comfortable to read in print format, which can lead to better information retention.

Benefits of Print Media #9: Limited Ad Blockers. Unlike digital media, print materials are not susceptible to ad blockers. This ensures that readers see print advertisements without being filtered out.

Benefits of Print Media #10. Personalization and Localization. Local businesses can benefit from print media by customizing marketing materials to cater to specific regional audiences. Personalized direct mail campaigns can be effective in targeting local customers.

While digital media offers speed, interactivity, and global reach, print media's advantages lie in its tangibility, credibility, and targeted approach. For businesses and marketers, a well-planned integrated marketing strategy that includes both print and digital media can maximize the benefits of each medium and effectively engage diverse audiences.

Disadvantages of Print Media

However, like any form of communication, print media does have its drawbacks. One major disadvantage is the cost associated with printing and distribution. Producing physical copies requires resources such as paper, ink, and transportation logistics. These expenses can add up quickly for both publishers and advertisers.

Print media also lacks the immediacy that digital platforms offer. With online news outlets constantly updating their content in real-time, printed newspapers may struggle to keep up with breaking news stories. Additionally, once printed material is distributed, it cannot be easily updated or corrected if errors are discovered.

Case Studies Showcasing Success in Print Media

Despite the challenges faced by traditional print media outlets in recent years, there have been numerous success stories demonstrating the enduring power of print. One such example is The New York Times, which has successfully adapted to the digital age while maintaining a strong print presence. Through strategic partnerships and innovative content, they have managed to grow their readership both online and in print.

Another case study worth mentioning is the success of niche magazines. These publications cater to specific interests and hobbies, offering in-depth articles and beautiful visuals that engage readers on a deeper level. By targeting niche audiences, these magazines have found success in a crowded media landscape.

Examples of Print Media's Evolution in the Digital Age

Print media has not simply remained stagnant in the face of digital advancements but has instead embraced new technologies to enhance its offerings. Many magazines now incorporate augmented reality (AR) features, allowing readers to interact with printed images using their smartphones or tablets. This integration of digital elements adds an extra layer of engagement and interactivity to the traditional reading experience.

Additionally, publishers have recognized the importance of integrating print and digital media seamlessly. For example, newspapers often offer online subscriptions that provide access to additional content or exclusive articles not found in the printed version. This hybrid approach ensures that readers can enjoy the benefits of both mediums.

Digital Media

Digital Media on a Phone

Digital media has revolutionized the way we consume information and interact with the world around us. The advantages of digital media are vast and have significantly impacted various industries.

Advantages of Digital Media

Digital media offers many advantages, revolutionizing communication, marketing, and entertainment. As technology evolves, digital media continues to shape how we consume and interact with information. Here are some of the key advantages of using digital media.

Benefits of Digital Media #1: Global Reach. Digital media allows for instant and widespread dissemination of information. With an internet connection, users can access content worldwide, breaking down geographical barriers.

Benefits of Digital Media #2: Real-time Updates. Digital media enables real-time updates, keeping users informed of the latest news, events, and developments as they happen. This immediacy ensures that information is always up-to-date and relevant.

Benefits of Digital Media #3: Interactivity. One of the most significant advantages of digital media is its interactivity. Users can actively engage with content, click links, watch videos, interact with animations, and provide feedback or comments.

Benefits of Digital Media #4: Multimedia Integration . Digital media supports multimedia elements like images, audio, video, animations, and interactive graphics. This multimedia integration enhances the overall user experience and engagement.

Benefits of Digital Media #5: Personalization. Digital media allows for personalized content delivery. Websites, apps, and social media platforms can display content tailored to individual user preferences and behaviors, creating a more relevant and engaging user experience.

Benefits of Digital Media #6: Cost-Effectiveness. Digital media is often more cost-effective for communication and marketing purposes than traditional print media. It eliminates the need for printing, distribution, and physical storage.

Benefits of Digital Media #7: Measurable Analytics. Digital media provides data tracking and analytics capabilities. Content creators and marketers can analyze user behavior, engagement, conversion rates, and other metrics to measure the effectiveness of their campaigns.

Benefits of Digital Media #8: Flexibility and Adaptability. Digital media offers flexibility in content creation and distribution. Content can be easily modified, updated, and repurposed to suit different platforms and audiences.

Benefits of Digital Media #9: Social Sharing and Virality. Social media platforms facilitate the easy sharing of digital media content among users. This social sharing capability allows content to go viral and reach a broader audience quickly.

Benefits of Digital Media #10: Targeted Advertising. Digital media enables highly targeted advertising. Advertisers can use data analytics to precisely identify and reach specific demographics or customer segments, increasing their campaigns' effectiveness.

Benefits of Digital Media #11: Environmental Sustainability. Digital media has a lower environmental impact compared to print media. It reduces paper waste and the carbon footprint of physical production and distribution.

Benefits of Digital Media #12: Accessibility. Digital media is accessible to many users, including individuals with disabilities. Online content can be optimized for screen readers and other assistive technologies, ensuring inclusivity.

Digital media has transformed how we communicate, connect, and consume information. Its global reach, interactivity, personalization, and analytics advantages make it a powerful tool for businesses, content creators, marketers, and individuals alike.

Disadvantages of Digital Media

While digital media has numerous benefits, it's essential to acknowledge its disadvantages. One major drawback is the potential for information overload. With the vast amount of online content, it can be challenging for users to filter through the noise and find reliable sources.

Additionally, digital media often lacks the tangible nature of print media. There is something special about holding a physical newspaper or magazine that cannot be replicated digitally. The tactile experience and sense of permanence that print provides can sometimes be missing in the fast-paced world of digital consumption.

Success Stories in the Digital Media Landscape

There have been many success stories within digital media that demonstrate its power and effectiveness. Take BuzzFeed, for example, which started as an online platform focused on creating shareable content tailored for social sharing. Through the strategic use of digital media, BuzzFeed has grown into a global media company with millions of followers and a strong online presence.

Another success story is that of The New York Times. While primarily known as a print newspaper, The New York Times has successfully adapted to the digital age by offering online subscriptions and developing innovative multimedia content. This has allowed them to reach a wider audience and remain relevant in an increasingly digital world.

Examples of Digital Media's Adaptation of Traditional Elements

Digital media has also embraced traditional elements to enhance the user experience. Podcasts, for instance, have gained immense popularity in recent years, allowing individuals to consume audio content on demand. This modern take on radio shows demonstrates how digital media can adapt and evolve traditional forms of entertainment.

Furthermore, many online publications now offer interactive features such as videos, quizzes, and comment sections to engage readers in a more immersive way. These adaptations bridge the gap between print and digital media by incorporating elements that were traditionally exclusive to one medium.

Use Strikingly to Promote Your Print and Digital Media

Image taken from Strikingly Landing Page

In today's rapidly evolving media landscape, embracing media diversity and leveraging the power of both print and digital platforms is essential. Why pick just one when you can have the best of both worlds? You can effectively utilize print media marketing and digital media to reach a wider audience and maximize your promotional efforts.

Why Pick Just One? Embrace Media Diversity.

Embracing media diversity allows you to tap into different target audiences and cater to their preferences. While some individuals still enjoy the tangible experience of reading a physical newspaper or magazine, others prefer the convenience and accessibility of digital content. By utilizing both print and digital media, you can ensure that your message reaches a broader range of individuals, increasing your chances of success.

What is Strikingly?

Strikingly is an innovative platform that empowers individuals and businesses to create stunning websites without any coding knowledge. It provides a user-friendly interface with customizable templates, making it easy for anyone to build a professional online presence. Whether you want to showcase your print media portfolio or promote your digital content, Strikingly offers the tools necessary to captivate your audience.

Benefits of Using Strikingly to Promote Your Print and Digital Media

1. Seamless Integration. Strikingly seamlessly integrates print and digital elements into your website, allowing you to showcase the best of both worlds in one cohesive platform.

2. Engaging Visuals. With customizable templates and multimedia features, Strikingly enables you to create visually appealing websites that capture attention and leave a lasting impression on your audience.

3. Mobile Optimization . In today's mobile-driven world, your website must be mobile-friendly. Strikingly ensures your website looks great on any device, enhancing user experience across all platforms.

4. SEO-Friendly . Strikingly prioritizes search engine optimization, helping your website rank higher in search results and increasing visibility for your print and digital media.

5. Analytics and Insights. Strikingly provides detailed analytics and insights, allowing you to track the performance of your print and digital media campaigns. This valuable data enables you to make informed decisions and optimize promotional strategies.

6. Social Media Integration. Strikingly integrates with various social media platforms, enabling you to easily share your print and digital media content across different channels, expanding your reach even further.

7. Cost-Effective Solution. Strikingly offers affordable pricing plans, making it a cost-effective solution for promoting your print and digital media empire without breaking the bank.

How to Build Your Print and Digital Media Empire with Strikingly

1. Sign up for a Strikingly account. Visit the Strikingly website and create an account to build your print and digital media empire.

Image taken from Strikingly Sign Up Page

2. Choose a template. Browse through the vast selection of customizable templates offered by Strikingly. Select a template that aligns with your brand identity and resonates with your target audience.

Image taken from Strikingly - Select Template Page

3. Customize your website . Personalize your website by adding compelling content, captivating visuals, and engaging multimedia elements showcasing your print and digital media assets.

Image taken from Strikingly Site Editor

4. Optimize for SEO. Utilize keywords related to print media throughout your website's content to improve its visibility in search engine results pages (SERPs). This will attract more organic traffic to your site.

Image taken from Strikingly - SEO Checklist

5. Integrate social media. Connect your social media accounts with Strikingly to seamlessly share updates, articles, or other relevant content from both print and digital sources across various platforms.

Image taken from Strikingly - Social Feeds Section

6. Track performance. Utilize the analytics provided by Strikingly to monitor the performance of different aspects of your website, such as visitor traffic, engagement metrics, conversion rates, etc., so you can make data-driven decisions to optimize your strategies.

Image taken from Strikingly Built-In Analytics

7. Continuously update and improve. Regularly update your website with fresh print and digital media content to keep your audience engaged and coming back for more. Stay informed about print and digital media's latest trends and technologies to ensure your empire stays relevant.

By following this step-by-step guide, you can leverage the power of Strikingly to build a successful print and digital media empire that captivates your audience, drives engagement, and ultimately achieves your promotional goals.

Digital and Print Media Can Reign Side by Side

The ongoing relevance of both print and digital media cannot be denied. The importance of print media cannot be understated. The benefits of print media include its tactile experience and ability to reach specific target audiences effectively. On the other hand, digital media offers convenience, interactivity, and a global reach that print media may struggle to match.

Individuals and businesses must adopt a balanced approach to their media consumption. Embracing print and digital media allows a more comprehensive understanding of the world. By diversifying our sources of information, we can gain different perspectives and avoid being confined to a single narrative.

Furthermore, it is essential to continue exploring and analyzing the topic of print versus digital media. As technology advances and consumer behaviors evolve, new opportunities and challenges arise in media communication . By staying curious and open-minded, we can adapt our strategies accordingly and make informed decisions about how best to promote our content.

Let us appreciate the ongoing relevance of both print and digital media, recognizing their unique strengths and weaknesses. Let us embrace a balanced approach to our consumption habits, benefiting from their diverse perspectives. And let us continue to explore this fascinating topic, ensuring that we stay ahead of the ever-changing landscape of media communication.

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Research Essay: Influence of Electronic Media on Print Media

Electronic media such as the Internet, e-books and tablet readers may be having an effect on the print media sector. This essay finds out if there is any validity to this argument.

Digital media does seem to have had an impact on the modern world, both affecting the online world and the offline business sectors, as well as world markets. It has certainly affected the communications sector and so it is plausible that it has affected print media too. (G5lo, 2013).

Since the year 2003, the amount of printed material in use for recreational purposes has gone down whilst the use of TV and other electronic media has gone up. This may indicate that digital media is having a direct influence on print media. (Wala, 2009).

Children are being encouraged towards digital media because there is more of it and because it is easier for parents when trying to entertain children. This means that children will grow to love digital media whilst ignoring print media. This is going to affect the print media sector in the long run. (Farnia, 2012).

Print media is easier to use and read which may be why it has not sunk out of our society completely. But, the read availability, convenience and price of digital media means that it may soon replace print media permanently. (Withers, 2012).

Studying may always rely on reading material, which begs the question of whether print media is going to fall from existence completely. It would appear that the transition from print media to digital media has been a lot slower in the academic world. And yet, it is conceivable that print media will be replaced by more convenient tablet devices in the future. (Ezeji, 2012).

Data does suggest that digital media is having an influence on the popularity of printed media, and that children are going to grow up to be fond of digital media. Print media is easier to read, but that is just one benefit of print media, where digital media has many benefits.

The evidence points towards the fact that digital media is influencing print media. But, the sliding popularity of print media may be more to do with social factors such as children are reading less. On the other hand, the benefits of digital media do seem to significantly outweigh the benefits of printed media.

Even though the reasons for the decline of print media popularity are unclear, it cannot be argued that digital media is rising. It may be rising as it replaces printed media, or it may be pushing printed media out of the arena. The two factors may be completely unrelated, but given the evidence provided on this essay, and the subsequent analysis and evaluation, I conclude that digital media is influencing print media.

Ezeji, E.C. (2012). Influence of Electronic Media on Reading Ability of School Children. Library Philosophy and Practice 2012. 1 (1), pp.1-114

Farnia (2012). Print and electronic media feeding us with information. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.essayforum.com/writing-feedback-3/print-electronic-media-feeding-us-information-37965/. [Last Accessed 22nd August 2013].

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Wala, N, P. (2009). Electronic Media Stealing the Print Media’s Share! . [ONLINE] Available at: http://propakistani.pk/2009/01/30/electronic-media-stealing-the-print-media-share/. [Last Accessed 22nd August 2013].

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print media essay

The Evolution of Print Media: A Comprehensive Exploration

The evolution of print media: a glimpse into ancient times.

The evolution of print media can be traced back to ancient civilizations, where various forms of written communication were utilized. Ancient civilizations like Egypt and Mesopotamia recorded their histories, laws, and stories on clay tablets, papyrus [i] , and stone inscriptions. Standardized communication marked a significant step forward with the invention of writing systems like hieroglyphics [ii] and cuneiform [iii] .

In This Article

The invention of paper in Han Dynasty China (about 105 CE) was a turning point in the development of the print media. While writers still had to transcribe documents manually, this innovation greatly facilitated the production of written materials. However, the innovations in printing technology in the later centuries truly revolutionized how information was disseminated.

The Gutenberg Revolution: Birth of the Printing Press

The development of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in 1440 was one of the most revolutionary events in the history of print media. The invention harnessed the power of moveable type, enabling the mass production of books and other printed goods. His Bible, printed in 1455, is regarded as the first significant book to be printed using this revolutionary technology. This breakthrough marked the beginning of the mass production of books, making disseminating knowledge more accessible and affordable.

The printing press had a significant effect on the growth of print media. It enabled the dissemination of knowledge and played a crucial part in the Renaissance, a time characterized by a renewed interest in the arts, sciences, and classical studies. With the emergence of printed books, education became more accessible to a larger portion of society, resulting in increased literacy rates and a shift in how people acquired knowledge.

The Era of Newspapers: Informing the Masses

Printing Press

As print technology continued to advance, newspapers emerged in the 17th century. The “Relation” was published in Strasbourg in 1605, followed by the “London Gazette” in 1665. These early newspapers were often published weekly or monthly, informing readers about current events, commerce, and politics.

In the 18th century, newspapers proliferated throughout Europe and the American colonies. These newspapers were indispensable to political debate and crucial in molding public opinion. In the United States, publications such as Benjamin Franklin’s “The Pennsylvania Gazette” contributed to disseminating ideas that sparked the American Revolution.

Birth of Print Media in India

Hicky's_Bengal_Gazette

The history of print media in India began in the 16th century when European missionaries and merchants introduced printing technology. In 1556, the Portuguese created the first printing press in India in Goa to disseminate Christian literature. However, the turning point occurred in the early 18th century when Irishman James Augustus Hicky published “Hicky’s Bengal Gazette” in Calcutta in 1780. (now Kolkata). It is primarily regarded as India’s first newspaper, marking the beginning of Indian journalism.

Industrialization and the Mass Circulation Press

Significant advances in print technology were made during the 19th century, coinciding with the rising industrialization of Western countries. The newspaper industry was changed by innovations such as steam-powered printing presses, mechanical typesetting, and the employment of high-speed machines. This era witnessed the emergence of the mass circulation press, which was marked by daily publications and lower prices.

Due to their low pricing, penny newspapers, such as “The New York Sun” and “The Daily Mail” in the United States and the United Kingdom, made newspapers more accessible to the working class. This period also saw the birth of sensationalism in journalism, as newspapers battled for readership with attention-grabbing headlines and scandalous stories.

Early Growth and Struggles of Print Media in India

India had a tremendous expansion of print media in the 19th century. During this time, the impact of newspapers such as “The Hindu” (formed in 1878) and “ The Times of India ” (started in 1838) began to take shape. These publications were crucial in shaping public opinion and establishing a spirit of nationalism.

During the colonial era, the Indian press was also subject to censorship and repression, as many legislation and laws tried to restrict press freedom. For instance, the Vernacular Press Act of 1878 sought to regulate regional-language journals. Despite this, Indian journalists and publications persisted in their efforts to inform and inspire the masses.

The Role of Print Media in the Independence Movement of India

Print media played a crucial part in India’s freedom struggle. Leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru utilized newspapers and magazines to promote their goals and rally public support. Gandhi’s “Harijan” and “Young India” were effective spokespersons for his nonviolent resistance movement.

Hindustan_Times

Post-Independence Era

In 1947, when India gained independence, the print media scene witnessed a tremendous transformation. The Indian Constitution guaranteed freedom of the press, and this newfound liberty created a thriving and diverse media environment. The circulation of “The Times of India,” “The Indian Express,” and “Hindustan Times” increased significantly as they became influential voices in the Indian media landscape. Alongside English-language media, regional language newspapers began to develop, catering to India’s unique linguistic and cultural landscape. These publications include “Amar Ujala” (Hindi), “Anandabazar Patrika” (Bengali), and “Dainik Bhaskar” (Hindi).

Print Media in the 20th Century: Challenges and Innovations.

For print media, the 20th century was a century of contrasts. On the one hand, it experienced extraordinary development and innovation, while on the other, it faced problems posed by evolving technology and competition from other media types.

The introduction of color printing and advancements in photojournalism expanded the visual attractiveness of newspapers and magazines. World War I and World War II highlighted the significance of print media as a news and information source. During this time, newspapers such as “The New York Times” and “The Times of London” gained international fame.

In the latter half of the 20th century, television and radio emerged as the primary forms of mass communication. Print media faced the challenge of adapting to these new mediums. Nonetheless, it found ways to innovate, introducing new forms such as tabloid newspapers and magazines catering to specific interests such as fashion, entertainment, and way of life.

The Digital Revolution: Navigating the Information Age

digital marketing media

The digital revolution of the late 20th and early 21st centuries changed the print media landscape. The advent of the Internet and digital technology presented both benefits and obstacles. Online news websites and digital editions of newspapers and magazines allowed global distribution and real-time updates. However, the ease of internet publication has led to questions regarding the quality and accuracy of information.

Print media organizations had to adapt quickly to the digital age by developing online presences, embracing multimedia storytelling, and introducing paywalls and subscription structures to maintain revenue. Social media platforms have further transformed news dissemination, as information may be instantly and virally disseminated.

Indian Print Media in the Digital Age

The introduction of offset printing, the computerization of editing operations, and the use of satellite technology for news distribution enhanced the quality and effectiveness of print media in India.

However, the greatest dramatic development occurred in the 1990s with the introduction of the Internet. Newspapers and publications have embraced online media, expanding their global readership reach. The “The Times of India” website was created in 1997, followed by other major publications.

print media essay

The Contemporary Landscape: Print Media Today

Print media has evolved into a multi-platform enterprise in the 21st century. Traditional newspapers and magazines continue to exist in print and digital modes, while independent journalism websites and new media channels have flourished. The accessibility of smartphones and tablets has increased the reach of print media by enabling readers to access content on the go.

In-depth reporting, investigative journalism, and lengthy narratives rely heavily on the printed word. Magazines like The New Yorker and National Geographic continue to prosper, giving readers in-depth analysis, photographs, and captivating storylines.

Print media remains a powerful and dynamic industry in India. Leading newspapers such as “The Times of India” and “The Indian Express” maintain a significant print and digital presence, appealing to a varied audience. Regional language newspapers have also adapted to the digital age, ensuring that news is available to speakers of various Indian languages.

Print media continues to be a critical source of news and information, particularly for those who prefer the tactile experience of reading a physical newspaper. In addition, the editorial standards and investigative journalism of Indian publications remain vital in holding those in power accountable.

Challenges and Controversies

From the first newspaper in the late 18th century to the digital transformation in the 21st century, Indian print media has been instrumental in informing, influencing, and reflecting the diverse voices of the nation. However, there have been concerns about the independence and integrity of the print media.  Occasionally, the issue of paid journalism, sensationalism, and biased reporting has damaged the reputation of certain publications. Despite this, Indian print media has continued to provide the public with trustworthy, educational, and thought-provoking information.

The rise and development of print media are evidence of human brilliance, technological advancement, and the medium’s continuing relevance. From the earliest forms of written communication to the digital age, print media has adapted to shifting societal requirements and technological advances. It has been instrumental in changing societies, stimulating public dialogue, and sharing information.

Print media is an important component of mass communication and journalism in the information era, coexisting with digital platforms and providing a unique and useful perspective. In an ever-changing media world, its capacity to provide in-depth reporting, critical analysis, and long-form narratives maintains its sustained relevance.

[i] Papyrus is a tall, grass-like plant, used by the ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans as a writing material.

[ii] Hieroglyphics is a form of writing that uses pictures or symbols to represent objects, concepts, or sounds. Hieroglyphics were used in ancient Egypt and other writing systems.

[iii] Cuneiform is an ancient writing system that was used in the Middle East. Cuneiform was first developed by the ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia around 3500 BCE. It was used to record literature, such as the Epic of Gilgamesh, and to communicate and formalize legal systems, such as Hammurabi’s Code. Cuneiform was used until the 1st century BC.

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Home — Essay Samples — Sociology — Mainstream Media — The Shift from Print to Digital Media

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The Shift from Print to Digital Media

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Published: Jan 25, 2024

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The rise of print media, the emergence of digital media, implications for journalism ethics and standards, the role of journalists in the digital age, the role of social media in shaping public opinion and journalistic standards, the challenges of misinformation and fake news in the digital age, the need for updated ethical guidelines in the digital era, the responsibility of journalists in upholding ethical standards, the importance of transparency and accountability in digital journalism.

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print media essay

Print media is dead Essay

Introduction.

Since the invention of the creative industry in the world, mass media has been an important industry in propelling creativity through the spread of information within this industry (Campbell & Park 2008). Central to fashion and design, which form an integral part of the creative industry, the media have significantly improved the visibility of this industry.

Historically, print media dominated the fashion and design industry with lots of information in the industry spreading through printed newspapers, magazines, pamphlets, and booklets such as the Vogue Magazine, Allure Magazine, and CT Magazine, among others (Carcani 2007). However, with an intense speed in the integration of advanced information technology models, digital media seems dominative in the media industry (Salman et al. 2011).

The advent of the information communication industry has changed the monotonous use of print media into rapid adoption of digital media to spread information in the fashion and design industry.

For instance, the Vogue Magazine has established its online Vogue website and a mobile application for fashion enthusiasts. This move has raised several concerns about the future of media with few individual aware of the changes dominating mass media. Therefore, this analytical treatise attempts to examine if “the print media is dead.”

Overview of mass media

Mass media is a collective term used in describing communication mediums or technologies used in transferring information to the public. The main reason behind establishing of mass media is to enhance mass communication, which covers an indispensable part of human life (Jothi, Neelamalar, & Prasad 2011). There are two main components of mass media commonly used by people worldwide, which include print media and digital media (Fuery 2009).

Print media is a general term used in describing all means of providing information to public using published materials. Print media involves communication using published material, including newspapers, pamphlets, magazines, and handbooks. According to Fuery (2009), digital media is another means of communication, which is currently dominating the media industry. Digital media is a modern economic and cultural frontier that involves the use of computerized systems to deliver information.

New media theories

As evident in the current literature, very little exists connecting the perceptions existing within the modern media. However, issues pertaining to theorising new media have emerged all over the world and researchers have been gradually developing interest in such approaches (Seiter 2000).

Nonetheless, theorising new media has a long history and streams in connection with the beginning of communication studies though the new media theory began becoming more evident in the 1990s. New media theory has covered mostly on the technological influence that has been influential in developing new channels of communication, including television networks, digital communication platforms, and computer-supported programs that facilitate quick movement of information technology.

This form of communication has been in existence since the discovery of writing. It is limited to use of written words. When promoting products, this type of communication is used to tone down on the complexity of the marketing mix. This approach to communication has cemented its place in the business world because of its formality. Reflectively, written correspondence can be stored and retrieved at a future date.

With the definition of good communications comprising of concise, clear, complete, considerate, correct and courteous communication, written communication fits the bill. Besides, this approach to communication can be revised and edited severally so that the message can have the desired effect.

Due to its permanency, effort is made to ensure that the value of the message is not overstated. This is because of the fact that valuable communication that is stored can be used repeatedly. In addition, written communication includes the internet, billboards, books, newspapers, street signs, brochures, leaflets, and forms, among others in the fashion magazines.

According to behavioural psychologists, behaviours and attitudes can be changed through conditioning. Repetition of an act followed by either punishment or rewards leads to behavioural changes. This indicates how the media can, and has been used to reinforce consumer behaviours. Imitation of authority figures form the basis on which most of the behaviours develop.

Moreover, socialization process forms the basis through which learning takes place among members of a community. With the increase in globalization and the emergence of a global village, print media has taken a front seat in directing the learning process.

This is because of the aspect of validity that is associated with written materials can be easily assimilated in the written information template to fulfil the intended purpose, as was created by the advertiser. Since most of the writings are not done under pressure, the writer or the author takes his or her time in ensuring that the written materials clearly represent what was meant to be communicated.

Written communication is, therefore, taken to represent the official position of the organization on a product or service by the consumers. This is more so due to the capacity for written communication to be legally binding hence makes the consumers trust it as reliable and valid, especially in the fashion industry than digital magazines.

The new media theory postulates that events across the globe are ever-changing in the rapid diffusion world and that at the same time, the traditional media becomes more open to investigation at the context of the arrival of new communication models. This statement may seem true given the gradual development of new digital media that is incorporating aspects of old print media.

Through written media in fashion communication, the probability of salience is doubled, especially on products that are perceived as important in life. For instance, through repetition, the fashion designer is in a position to maintain familiarity in the conscious mind for a particular product as perceived by fashion enthusiasts.

Therefore, through timely appeal to emotions and self prejudice, fashion advertising agencies relying on written media have realized that the human mind is often skewed towards embracing the ‘perceived goodness’ and need to identify with ‘the ideal’. Interestingly, these aspects are clearly painted as perfect in the various written advertisements about fashion products and services.

Print media in the creative industry

For several decades, print media have formed an integral part in the creative industry globally. Popularly described as old or traditional print media; this medium of communication still forms the basis of distinguished means of communication within the fashion media (Jothi et al. 2011).

For instance, the British Vogue magazine and the US Allure magazine have more than ten million fashion enthusiasts subscribers annually. Studies have demonstrated raging debates on the survival of print media in the market with most arguments concluding that print media is nearing its end (Salman et al. 2011). However, the aging out of the print media in the creative industry seems impossible since studies are less provident on their empirical evidence denoting the aging out aspect of the print media.

Seemingly, there is no possibility of dooming print media as it still forms a significant part of fashion media and the creative industry. Specifically, the Vogue magazine of the UK recorded sales of 10 million copies in 2011 alone. Its counterpart in America recorded sales of more than 11 million copies to its loyal subscribers.

Kaul (2012), states that despite the numerous changes in media history characterised by increased Internet consumption, which consequently results in globalisation in almost all aspects of communication, changes in the media landscape are most likely to remain constant.

There is glaring evidence demonstrating how print media still dominate the fashion media. The majority of the digital media is used to incorporate factors that link to the print media.

Alexander Wang, Jason Wu, and Philip Lim are currently leading within the New York Asian-based American designers who have managed to incorporate the design skills from South Asian countries including India and Nepal, through different print fashion magazines such as the BLND Magazine, CanCam Magazine, Elle Magazine, and the famous Glorious Magazine that dominates the Middle East fashion arena.

Sherman (2013) gives comprehensive examples of triumphant designers who hailed from humble backgrounds with little technological awareness to winning more adorable awards.

According to Sherman (2013), Prabal Gurung, who was the winner of the 2012 CFDA Swarovski award meant for awarding best designers of women’s wear and Bibhu Mohapatra, who is renowned for being the Fashion Foundation award-winner are just but local immigrant with little exposure to technology.

With their ability to integrate their local Indian culture through print media such as the Grazia, Femina, and Elle magazines, they have featured among successful designers.

Culture of consumptions

Print media in fashion industry remains relevant, as evidenced in the continued consumption of this form of media component by fashion enthusiasts across the globe. For instance, though produced in Britain, the print Vogue Magazine has a cult like following of loyal subscribers across all the continents since players in the fashion industry find it reliable to advertise their fashion designs.

Print media are a diversified component of journalistic coverage that covers fashion information in a broader spectrum (Fenton 2010). As mentioned before, print media covers fashion information using magazines, newspapers, booklets, and pamphlets (Jothi et al. 2011).

Dynamics in the use and consumption of print media remain significant since they possess numerous domineering factors. The most eminent factor is the popularity of the print media. Kaul (2012) asserts, “Most individuals find reading a newspaper, a magazine, or a book to be easier on paper than via a computer screen, or watching a television program on a television set or a movie on a theatrical screen” (p. 7).

With this preference aspect, familiarisation to the print media increases with the current generation passing this culture to future generations thus, making it impossible for print media to languish. Reflectively, the Vogue Italia and the Vogue Paris print magazines have remained the global tool for making fashion statements.

Print media presented through printed means still have their place in the fashion media where modern means of presenting fashion are attracting modernism even in the fashion itself. The weblog manrepeller.com is an exact replica of the organised information units that skilfully demonstrate how print media is still alive and functioning despite technological forces trying to shove it away (Jenna 2013).

Within this weblog, J. The crew is among the popular noted magazines that keep people posted on the daily events and issues surrounding the fashion industry with stories of common soap operas articulated in daily posts regarding their progress.

According to Jenna (2013), the print magazine, J. Crew, reveals different kinds of attires that can scare men from approaching women, that’s why it harbours the name ‘ Man Repeller.’ Several printed and hand-drawn pictures normally feature in this magazine with important information about certain fashion and artefacts.

Variety of printed features

Print media has proven pivotal in the fashion industry, as fashion media has continuously embraced publishing techniques. Print media is a diverse sector providing a variety of information and features that favour diverse populations, including the young and the old (Heller 2007).

Having no operational complications as compared to digital computerised programs, people of all ages find it more comfortable to access information from published fashion materials, including newspapers and magazines among others (Campbell & Park 2008). With the comprehensive application of artistic incorporated in the print media, people find it more appealing to consume printed fashion media that have attractive features, then straining through complicated computer applications and junky programs searching for information.

Covering almost every notable aspect of social interactions and romantic stories, print media remains most preferable media by adolescent and the middle-aged individuals (Schwittay 2011). Print media in fashion media still play a significant role in capturing readers from the elderly population, as it provides simple terms of perusing through the printed material compared to the eye-straining programs.

Viladas (2011) arguably asserts that print media may deem useless in other paradigms of life but not in the fashion industry where printed material is becoming even more significant.

Drawing facts from the exhibitions of ‘ Archizines’ at the Architectural Association School of Architecture in London, between November fifth and December fourteenth, he managed to access over 60 contemporary architectural journals, magazines, fanzines of more than twenty different countries.

Viladas (2011) notices a great influence of the print media by stating that the current fashion print magazines have developed strong following and admirable types of subscribers with the Vogue brand in the lead in number of annual sales across the global fashion arena.

Advancements of printed technology

Print media in all spheres of life cannot be ignored. In fact, as the world continues to grapple with the globalisation and industrialisation of information technology, print media is still reshaping itself. Kaul (2012), postulates, “newspapers are transforming to adapt to the changing media landscape and are now providing a compelling and integrated experience for readers and advertisers alike” (p. 5).

Despite the changing history of media in the fashion industry and the entire journalism industry, with digital media proving equally valuable in delivering of information electronically, print media is gradually retaliating with numerous comforts (Campbell & Park 2008).

Print media now possesses entirely different features compared to the old print system, with attractive features and comprehensive political, social, and economic aspects embedded in printed materials (Heller 2007). Fashions designed artistically have attracted colours that catch the reader’s attention into purchasing and consuming printed fashion materials.

For instance, the design of the print Allure and Vogue magazines have never disappointed their subscribers. These magazines, among others, remain a fashion statement and a measure of fashion status to fashion enthusiasts. Readers can acquire printed media, which is available locally, and later use them for their own leisure activities like cutting and pasting in diaries, among others.

Perceived new media’s competence over old media

As computerised applications become familiar to users, readers are more likely to adopt and adapt to the consumption of digital products including the enhanced digital media (Andrew 2012). The computerised media system comprises of programs and application systems such as web technologies, social networking sites, and blogs Prasad (2011).

Through fashion journalism, artisans and designers have an enhanced consumption of digital media continuously through advertising and marketing their assortments using the new technology systems. In the context of websites, they form the greatest part of the Internet features that enable fashion industry to interact with people internationally (Andrejevic 2004).

This assertion holds because it allows individuals to communicate easily within a given environment, its design system is capable of dealing with communication with openness as well as enhancing exchange of ideas, and opinions with large geographical cover with the fashion industry.

The social networking system as an integral part of web technologies has significantly increased the possibility of digital media dominance in the fashion media and related aspects. According to Schwittay (2011), social networking technologies have increased and the subsequent impact is eminent in the world covering several social aspects of human life that influence the flow of information and can be useful in marketing fashion and designs globally.

Across the globe, popular social networks have enhanced sharing of culture, fashion, and economical aspects, which are essentials to human life (Andrew 2012).

Social interactions have no particular boundaries and the majority do not have specific conditions to grant membership to users, thus encouraging comprehensive consumption of such networks that easily allow transfer of idea, opinions, and facts among artisans in the fashion industry (Prasad, 2011).

These aspects also broaden the communication between consumers of fashion product designers in the fashion industry by positively increasing the influence of digital media over print media.

The web application designers have enhanced digital media using their creativity to attract a large population into sharing information through social networking and other alternative sites (Andrejevic 2004). Jothi, Neelamalar, and Prasad (2011), assert that social networking websites are communities found online and are capable of sharing activities and interests, typically endowing a variety of means by which users can interact through messaging services, videos, live voice chats, and even blogging services.

Some websites and social networks are attractive, thus they pull users from different geographical areas in sharing business, social, and economical information regarding aspects of fashion and designs (Schwittay 2011). Now, within the fashion industry, the new fashion media is providing room for other attractive businesses to advertise their products in different blends of information.

With the blending and simulation of a variety of product information, job deals, business ideas within fashion websites, and related blogs, there is an increase in the audiences, which may be potential customers to the fashion brands and products.

Variety of IT devices

In the context of IT devices using the digital application, variance in the technological devices are increasingly pushing the need of IT integration in the fashion journalism. Currently, computerised applications are possible and enhanced by the assortments in the IT devices.

Some of the devices that allow computer operations include basic computers and portable devices, including mobile phones, tabs, and laptops. Campbell and Park (2008) affirm, “This shift towards an age where personal communication devices are predominant gives rise to a number of important social changes” (p. 373).

Due to their portability nature, the devices have changed the ways by which people access information by increasing accessibility and enhancing reliability in the provision of information in the fashion industry for readers obtain latest fashion information at their comfort zone, through quick logins.

In fact, as times goes, there is the likelihood that all print media applications may entirely integrate into the digital media to enhance accessibility of information to the public as is the case with the popular Vogue and Femina print fashion magazines.

Reliability of IT information

By integrating IT and digital forms of communication, fashion industry has enhanced information reliability. Readers, especially the new generation, feel that digital media is more accessible and convenient. According to Campbell and Park (2008), with the increasing recognition of computerised applications, readers can obtain information about new fashion within the regions of their stay.

Unlike the print media, where readers have to personally seek the most reliable data through libraries or physically purchase reading materials to obtain the needed information, web searches have enabled readers to access fashion information quickly using digital media (Schwittay 2011).

Currently, there is an increase in the need to enhance media framing, which is a decisive factor in the media fraternity. According to Fenton (2010), media framing is the manner by which people present information and by framing the information, it reduces information bias and priming, thus allowing readers to share information legitimately across the social networks. This aspect may influence fashion media positively.

Mass consumption culture

Digital media communication is increasingly gaining public support, thus increasing its consumption rate through developed consumption culture. Increased applications in the use of the internet has enhanced the adoption rate in the consumerism of the digital media (Salman et al. 2011).

Fashion journalism, which is characterised by enhanced modern fashions, has developed a trendy culture of consumption, especially amongst teenagers who find it more fashionable to use the digitalised media system to acquire information besides being easily portable.

According to Bennett et al. (1985), development in the mass society has consequently resulted to a certain culture referred to as “mass culture” (p. 35). Fork culture, which people used to practice during the historical era, is eroding, not forgetting print media as one of the old forms of communication.

It has now become a family or friendly norm that people are consuming digital media depending on the subsequent trend in the rate of globalisation and industrialisation. With the increasing pace in the adoption of IT applications and enhanced mass culture, print media is likely to become doom in its use and replaced by digital media.

Global efforts in adoption of IT

Globally, almost all countries are positively contributing to the increase in the use of technological operations in different sectors, with mass media industry and fashion media picking courage from this phenomenon. Currently, global plans are underway to make the compulsory shift from analogue systems to digital colour communication systems (Treadaway 2004).

Due to international collaboration and cooperation, the world has managed to integrate into digital systems cutting across all forms of economies, including developed and developing economies that are interested in promoting their creative industries. For instance, the Vogue website and its mobile application have proven to be more reliable than the print version. By a click of a button, subscribers with the Vogue mobile application have the opportunity to read and find new information on fashion.

Other key supportive programs

According to Campbell and Park (2008), despite being the oldest form of electronic media communication, televisions have remarkably played a pivotal role in the digital media since the types of televisions are changing to a more digitalised system, including current innovation strategies like LCDs, LEDs, and plasma TVs.

These TVs, despite being common means of electronic media, they have attractive features including bright viewing angle, backlight features, and attractive screen colour displays that make them easily consumed by clients. Characterised with global digital migration, almost the entire world will enjoy digital services, making it easier for digital media to overcome print media. In fact, the digital media is common tool for advertising the print magazines.

The creative industry has continuously employed modern strategies, including the use of digital communication to enhance their marketing strategies through advertising.

Despite the convenience of digital fashion media, print media has remained convenience and reliability in providing information to fashion enthusiasts across the globe. In fact, several fashion enthusiasts and fashion industry players still prefer print media to digital media given its simplicity nature, diversity in its products, and entertaining aspect in the fashion journalism. From the above reflection, it is in order to state that the print media is not dead.

The print media has remained reliable in the fashion industry since print fashion magazines are associated with status and fashion statement. It is tasking to unmask quantifiable effects of written media on people’s minds since the resultant effects are sometimes negligible and very simple. However, it is apparent that written media have direct influence on involuntary response effects and the order in which they occur.

Reference List

Andrejevic, M. 2004, “Little Brother is Watching: The Webcam Subculture and the Digital Enclosure”, in A McCarthy & N Couldry (eds), Mediaspace: place, scale, and culture in a media age , Routledge, New York, pp. 109-124.

Andrew, M. 2012, ‘Embracing Media Advancement for Realisation of Millennium Development Goals in Kenya’, Mass Communication Journalism, vol.2 no. 5, pp. 1-3.

Bennett, T., Curran, J., Gurevitch, M. & Wollacott, J. 1982, Theories of media, theories of society in culture, society and the media, Methuen & Co. Ltd, Massachusetts.

Campbell, S. & Park J., 2008, ‘Social Implications of Mobile Telephony: The Rise of Personal Communication Society’, Sociology Compass, vol.2 no. 2, pp.371-387.

Carcani, E. 2007, Mapping of creative industries in Albania . Web.

Fenton, N. 2010, New media, old news: journalism and democracy in digital age, Sage, London.

Fuery, K. 2009, New media: culture and image , Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke.

Heller, D. 2007, Makeover television: realities remodelled , IBTauris, London.

Jenna, O. 2013, The man repeller . Web.

Jothi, S., Neelamalar, M. & Prasad, S., 2011, ‘Analysis of social networking sites: A study on effective communication strategy in developing brand communication’, Journal of Media and Communication Studies, vol. 3 no.7, pp. 234-242.

Kaul, V. 2012, ‘Changing Paradigms of Media Landscape in the Digital Age’, J Mass Communication Journalism, vol. 2 no. 2, pp. 7-9.

Salman, A., Ibrahim, F., Abdullah, M., Mustaffa, N. & Mahbob, M. 2011,‘The Impact of New Media on Traditional Mainstream Mass Media’, The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, vol.16 no.3, pp.2-11.

Schwittay, A. 2011, ‘New Media Practices in India: Bridging Past and Future, Markets and Development, ‘ International Journal of Communication, vol.5, pp. 349-379.

Seiter, E. 2000, “Television and the Internet”, in T Caldwell (ed), Theories of new media, The Athlone Press, London, pp. 99-112.

Sherman, L. 2013, South Asian American Designers with Strong Ties to Home Make Their Mark. Web.

Treadaway, C. 2004, ‘Digital Imagination: the impact of digital imaging on printed textiles’, The Journal of Cloth and Culture, vol. 2 no. 3, pp. 1-14.

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Bibliography

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Compare and contrast electronic media with print media.

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In the past, when students did a university degree, they tended to study in their own countries. Nowadays, they have more opportunities to study abroad. What are the advantages and the disadvantages of this development? You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relavant evidence

Some people believe that unpaid community services should be a compulsory part of high school programs (for example working for a charity ,improving the neighborhood or teaching sport to younger children). to what extent do you agree or disagree, global warming is increasing day by day. what are the causes and effects of global warming, governments should spend money on railways rather than roads. to what extent do you agree or this agree with this statement, the graph below gives information about the percentage of the population in four countries living in cities from 1970 to 2020, with predictions for 2030 and 2040. summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant..

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Importance of Print Media in Present World | Print Media Essay

The daily newspaper  is a part of our life. We cannot start our day without it. It is our daily routine to wake up early in the morning and get the latest news in the newspaper with a cup of tea. It helps us know the world well, we can read what is going on all over the world, and if possible, we can participate in discussions in many matters.

Importance of Print Media

As the literacy rate increases, the  printing media  is getting a solid footing in the country. It has started churning updated news in the print medium. It helps the daily circulation of the news and extends the news to every part of the country. Print media is a way for publishing any news in printing form. Nowadays, print media is vital for all. Daily, a weekly and monthly newspaper is considered as print media.

They also represent the primary form of publication, which offers news at a reasonable price. It help displays the news as a part of advertising content. All over the world, all media are connected as line neighborhoods.

Most  important in the print media  is that they can estimate and bring the actual facts which appear the millions of people across the country. Here web medial also plays an important role, but print media is the more reliable source for us.

Print media's main contribution is that they keep people updated by providing the latest news about various topics such as politics, economics, sports, Agriculture, Forest, Fishers, stock market and weather update, etc. As a part of the print, media newspaper ensures above all tropics for people who are serious need information about the stock market, business economic condition, sports, etc.

Newspaper provides other news, but they also ventilate several general public problems and their solution in the public columns.

Another great advantage of  print media  is that they provide a powerful platform for their advertising and promotion of products to their daily readers. As a result, everyone quickly knows about that information. In a society,  print media  play an essential role in increasing awareness in all people about human affairs. It is also helpful to increase the method of education and sharpen the intellect and outlook of the student who regularly read the daily newspaper.

Role of Print Media

They also represent the primary form of publication, which offers news at a reasonable price. It help displays the news as a part of advertising content. All over the world, all media are connected as line neighborhood.

Most important in the print media is that they can estimate and bring the actual facts which appear the millions of people across the country. Here web medial also plays an important role, but print media is the more reliable source.

Print media's main contribution is that they keep people updated by providing the latest news about various topics such as politics, economics, sports, Agriculture, Forest, Fishers, stock market and weather update etc. As a part of print media, Bangla newspaper ensures above all tropics for those who are serious need information about the stock market, business economic condition, sports, etc. Bangla newspaper provides other news, but they also ventilate several general public problems and their solution in the public columns.

Another great advantage of print media is that they provide a powerful platform for their advertising and promotion of products to their daily readers. As a result, everyone quickly knows about that information. In a society, print media play an essential role in increasing awareness in all people about human affairs.

It is also helpful to increase the method of education and sharpen the intellect and outlook of the student who regularly read the daily newspaper.

Importance of Print Media in Education

There has been a lot of talk about the importance of digital media in education. Digital media is powerful and can offer students access to unlimited information, but it's important not to forget the power of print media.

Print media offers an opportunity for reading comprehension that cannot be achieved with online content alone. There are many benefits to incorporating print materials into your curriculum, and this blog post will discuss them all!

1. Print media is a fundamental part of education 2. Print media can be used as a valuable tool for teaching and learning 3. The use of print media in education has declined significantly over the past few decades 4. There are many benefits to using print media in an educational setting, such as helping students learn how to read and develop their literacy skills 5. Students who use more traditional forms of reading have been shown to have better comprehension than those who don't rely on traditional methods so much 6. Schools should consider incorporating more printed materials into their curriculum - it's essential for children's development and understanding of the world around them!

Print media has been an essential part of education for many years. It remains to be seen how the rise in digital technology will affect this medium, but it can still offer many benefits when used correctly. The article discussed several ways print media is being used today and how educators integrate them into their lesson plans. We hope you found these insights helpful!

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Essay on Media – Types, Role, Power, Importance, Disadvantages

Category: Essays and Paragraphs On January 16, 2019 By Mary

Media can be referred to a means of communication that provide people with information and they also store information. There are various types of media that are used to deliver current news and offer entertainment to people. The media is an important tool as it mostly referred to as the voice of the people.

Types of Media

The first type of media is print media . This includes newspapers, magazines and journals. In this type of media, information is written down a bunch of paper and people get to read.

The second type of media is broadcast media . This includes radios and televisions. In this type of media, information is broadcasted over electronic devices.

Internet media is whereby people get information through the internet. This may include through social media sites or in websites.

Examples of Media

  • Newspapers are an example of print media where information is contained in printed paper.
  • Televisions are an example of broadcast media where people get information through videos and sound.
  • A radio is an example of broadcast media where people get information through sound.
  • Magazines are a type of printed media where people get information from printed paper.
  • Websites are an example of internet media where people get to get information through the internet.

Purpose of the Media

The main purpose of the media is to provide the people with a platform where they can be informed, educated and given insights. It has the purpose of making sure that information is given to the public in an unbiased way.

Role of the Media

  • The media has the role of strengthening the society . This is through airing the injustices that happen in the society and educating the society about their rights.
  • The media has the role of shaping public opinion . It achieves this by providing a platform where the society can air their views.
  • The media has a role to educate people . It should educate the people to make them more conversant about the changes that are happening in the society.
  • The media also has the role of informing people . It should provide a platform where people get information that they seek.
  • The media also has the role of being unbiased . It should provide information to the public with no bias and they should be non-partisan.

Power of the Media

The media is a very powerful tool in the modern society. The power of the media is dependent upon the roles of the media.

When it comes to politics, the media is a powerful tool that is used to uphold democracy. This is through ensuring that there is transparency in how the government is ruling.

It also is powerful when it comes to economies as it is through the media that people get to learn about the threats facing the economy and people hence react accordingly.

The media is also a powerful tool where truth can be put out there without biasness.

Importance of the Media

  • The media helps to create transparency about what is going on around us. This is because media gives a platform where truths are told with no bias.
  • The media is also important as it helps to promote democracy . This is by making sure that the public are informed about what is going on in their governments.
  • The media is also important as it helps to inform and hence reducing ignorance. People get a lot of information through the media.
  • The media is also important as it helps to warn people about bad weather and hence people can find ways of coping with the weather.
  • The media also helps to expose injustices that are happening in the society.
  • The media is important as it provides people with timely information about what is going on around them.
  • The media is also important as it helps to educate people about various matters like health and the environment.

Disadvantages of the Media

  • The media causes lack of privacy . This is because at times it tends to expose issues that are too personal and they also investigate people without their consent.
  • Another disadvantage of the media is that it can carry out inaccurate reporting and this may cause information mishaps among people.
  • It may also be difficult to limit the accessibility of children to certain media contents. Some the content that is contained in the media is not appropriate for children
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100 Best Media Topics For Research Writing

media topics

We know you need the best media topics for your next papers. Otherwise, why would you be reading this blog post? The good news is that you have picked the best place to look for topics. Our experienced writers have put together a list of the best media topics for high school and college students. Furthermore, we work hard to keep the list fresh. This means that these ideas will be most likely original. They will work great in 2023 because the list of media essay topics is updated periodically.

The Importance of Great Media Topics

You are probably wondering why we are putting so much emphasis on getting you the best media topics to write about. There are several reasons for it, but we will only tell you about 3 of them:

  • Your professor will greatly appreciate your willingness to dedicate the time and effort to finding excellent topics . Trust us, professors know how to make the difference between students based solely on the topics they choose for their papers.
  • It is much easier to write essays if you choose good media essays topics . A topic you know something about is the best choice. Also, a good topic enables you to quickly find plenty of information on the Internet. Following this advice you’ll easily write your literature review and the following components of your paper.
  • By choosing a great topic, your essay will immediately stand out from all the rest . Your professor is surely bored of reading papers written about the same things over and over again. An interesting idea will entice him to award you at least some bonus points.

Mass Media Topics

Mass media is something of great importance in modern times, so why not write your papers on some mass media topics? Here are some great examples:

  • The effect of mass media on psychological health
  • Mass media and emotional health
  • Mass media addiction in the US
  • The role of mass media in politics
  • The First Amendment in mass media
  • Promoting sexuality in mass media

Media Research Topics

Did your professor ask of you to write a research paper? No problem, we have some excellent media research topics in our list. Check them out below:

  • Discuss children media
  • Violence in mass media in the US
  • Video games in the media
  • Controversial topics in the media in Europe
  • Discuss post-truth in the media
  • Media regulations in China

Media Analysis Essay Topics for Presentation

Would you like to write a media analysis paper for a presentation? It’s not difficult to do, if you pick the right media analysis essay topics for presentation. Here are some excellent ideas:

  • Is the media creating events or reacting to them?
  • Media and public relations links
  • Discuss 3 major types of media
  • The use of media in education (one of the most interesting mass media research paper topics)
  • Influence of virtual reality on the media (one of the best media analysis essay topics)
  • Discuss journalism ethics

Media Research Paper Topics for High School

Are you a high school student looking for some awesome topic for his next research paper on media? Here are some excellent examples of media research paper topics for high school:

  • Major innovations in 21st century media
  • Compare mainstream media in India and China
  • What makes an outlet a reliable source?
  • Advertisements in media
  • Benefits of mass media for society
  • Compare traditional media with mass media

Mass Media Research Topics

If you need to write a research paper and want to talk about something in mass media, we have some very nice ideas right here. Check out our mass media research topics:

  • The right of expression in mass media
  • Journalism in mass media
  • Compare TV, film and radio
  • Mass media in democracy
  • The war against terror in mass media
  • Discuss the rise of mobile media

Media Research Topics for College Students

College students who are looking to research topics about media should choose something that can bring them a top grade. Here are our best media research topics for college students:

  • Influences of technology on media
  • Latest innovations in media
  • Discuss media censorship in China (a recommended media related topic)
  • What is media propaganda?
  • Mass media and its preemptive effects

Complex Media Related Research Topics

Do you want to try your hand at some difficult topics? If you want to impress your professor, we advise you to select one of these complex media related research topics:

  • Mass media violating civil rights
  • Does media benefit the economy of the US?
  • Define media addition and discuss its effects
  • Perform a qualitative analysis of 3 media outlets
  • Media’s scare strategies: a case study
  • Media influencing a rise in violence in the UK

Controversial Media Topics

Why should you be frightened by controversial topics? You are free to write about them, of course. Here are our best and most controversial media topics:

  • Exercising the First Amendment in media in the US
  • Promoting gun violence in mass media
  • Mass media effects on terrorism
  • Digital media is destroying traditional media
  • Artificial intelligence in mass media
  • Media effects on the death penalty in China

Digital Media Topics

Discussing digital media is a very good way to impress your professor. Let’s face it; the digital realm is extremely popular these days. Here are some brand new digital media topics:

  • Define and discuss digital media
  • Climate change in digital media
  • What is mobile media?
  • The fate of journalism in the 21st century (one of the best digital media research topics)
  • Effects of digital media on politics

Media Analysis Topics

Writing a media analysis essay can be a very difficult task, especially if you don’t have much academic writing experience. Here are some media analysis topics that should make things easier:

  • How Trump lost the media war
  • Biden’s coverage in mass media in the United States
  • Advertising revenue in media outlets
  • Analyze screen time
  • What are deepfakes and how to spot one?
  • The crisis of journalism in the 21st century

Easy Media Related Topics

The perfect choice for times when you simply cannot afford to spend too much time writing your essay, our list easy media related topics is right here:

  • Define mass media in the United Kingdom
  • Should children watch the news?
  • Promoting violence in mass media
  • Spreading awareness via media
  • Are newspapers still relevant today?
  • The very first occurrence of mass media

Research Topics in Media and Communication

Would you like to talk about media and communication? It is not an easy subject to write about, but we can make things easier. Here are the easiest research topics in media and communication:

  • Discuss body image in media
  • Analyze children’s advertising tactics
  • Freedom of speech in the media
  • Copyright law in the media
  • Define symmetrical dialogue in the media

Media Debate Topics

Are you interested in a media debate? Getting the best topics for 2023 should be your primary concern in this case. We have some very interesting media debate topics right here:

  • The impact of public relations on communities
  • Location-based advertising in modern media
  • Analyze the concept of yellow journalism
  • Good news vs bad news in the media
  • Discuss the concept of proportionality in media

Brand New Media Topics

Just like you, our writers are interested in writing about the latest topics. Why don’t you pick one of our brand new media topics?

  • Is radio still an important part of media?
  • Newspapers going bankrupt in 2023
  • Sexual content on TV shows
  • Politicians’ love for the media
  • Is the backing of the media important for a president?

Media Ethics Topics

Discussing ethics in relation to media is a very interesting choice. It can also get you an A+ on your next paper. Here are some exceptional media ethics topics:

  • Including graphic images in media
  • Depicting terrorism on TV
  • Regulating newspapers in Europe
  • Celebrity gossip in the media
  • The influence of large media corporations

Media Law Topics

Yes, there is such a thing as media law. Would you like to write an essay about it? Here are some great ideas for media law topics:

  • Discuss the First Amendment and media
  • The responsibilities of journalists
  • Journalists in war zones
  • Fake news in the media
  • Showing unsuitable content to children

Research Topics in Communication and Media Studies

Writing about communication and media studies has the potential to help you get a top grade. Here are our best research topics in communication and media studies:

  • Analyze media bias in the United States
  • Is digital media addictive?
  • Influence of media on religion

Interesting Media Topics

We know, you want the most interesting media topics to write about. Pick one of these and write a paper that will impress your professor:

  • State-controlled media in China
  • Effects of media coverage on criminal trials
  • The power of mass media in 2023

Trending Media Topics

You may not know which topics are trending when it comes to media, but our writers do. Here are the latest trending media topics:

  • The war in Afghanistan
  • Joe Biden’s rise to power
  • The fall of Donald Trump
  • Climate change problems
  • Global warming in the media

But what if you need more topics or professional help with thesis ? What if you didn’t find the media research topic you were looking for in the list above? While this is highly unlikely, we are prepared to help you. Would you like to talk about media literacy? In case you do, our ENL writers can create a list of the most interesting (and new) media literacy topics you can find. For anything you need, just get in touch with us.

Sociology Research Topics

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Print Media Essay Example

Print Media Essay Example

  • Pages: 7 (1714 words)
  • Published: April 6, 2017
  • Type: Essay

Written media plays a crucial role in recording history accurately. Historical artifacts, such as old manuscripts, provide insight to the era in which they were written, a benefit not provided by electronic media. As a result, researchers and history students gain valuable information. Print media allows individuals to anonymously voice their opinions and publish articles.

Newspapers tend to provide more reliable and legitimate information compared to electronic media, where plagiarism is rampant and it's hard to determine the actual owner of an article. With the proliferation of rumors and lies on the internet, it becomes challenging to discern which website has genuine data.

Compared to television, print media is more effective in delivering local news with thorough coverage of local stories, including updates on community events like screenings and tournaments. Unlike TV news, print media doesn't rely

on sensational headlines to attract viewership and is free from the temptation of publishing speculative news due to the competition among channels.

Printed material with moral or spiritual messages as well as those with outstanding intellectual ideas have endured over time. Their teachings remain applicable in the present-day world and are enjoyed by those who have a reading culture. Printed materials like novels serve as excellent sources of entertainment and some can be quite addictive. Moreover, certain classics, such as Shakespeare's plays, have maintained their popularity for this reason.

Print media withstands the test of time, whereas digital technology can easily erase crucial data with a virus or bug. The longevity of print media can be attributed to its enduring qualities, ensuring its survival in the future. Print media has adapted to modern times through advanced copying methods and innovative

printing press designs. Research and highlight the latest advancements in print technology based on online sources and gathered information.

In 1440, Johannes Gutenberg, a German inventor, developed an initial printing press method that still serves as the main approach to printing today with advancements and increased automation. In the beginning, he used a hand-operated wooden press up until the 19th century. Modifications were made to the wooden press by adding metal parts in the late 18th century. The Stanhope press was invented by Earl Stanhope in 1800, which was the first book press entirely made of cast iron. It had a set of levers that made it less difficult to exert pressure on the sheet of paper.

Read also Salem Witch trials questions and answers . Following the invention of the movable type printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the fifteenth century, there were further innovations in printing technology. These included the development of cleaner paper and sharper impressions. In 1812, Fredrik Koenig invented the steam-driven printing press which was significantly faster than previous models and could print 400 sheets per hour.

George Clymer, a Philadelphia inventor, created the Columbian press in 1816. The press was constructed out of iron and had the ability to print 250 copies per hour. Featuring an array of weights and counterweights, the press allowed printers to intensify the force for a sharper print impression. Additionally, it facilitated simplified removal of the platen after each impression to take out the sheet of paper. In 1824, Daniel Treadwell from Boston improved upon the bed-and-platen press, enabling it to be operated four times faster than a

hand-press.

The steam-powered Cylinder press was invented by American Richard Hoe in 1832. This machine utilized a rotating cylinder and a flat type bed to press paper, which resulted in a printing capacity of 1000 to 4000 impressions every hour. In 1844, Hoe introduced the rotary press, which operated by passing paper between two cylinders. One cylinder supported the paper while the other contained the mounted type. This invention allowed for up to 8000 copies to be printed per hour.

William Bullock invented the Bullock press in 1865, which was the first web-fed press that could automatically feed paper and print on both sides simultaneously. It had a printing capacity of up to 12,000 impressions per hour. Additionally, jobbing presses were developed during the mid-19th century, which were small presses that specialized in printing small format pieces like business cards and envelopes.

Printing presses in the late 1930s and early 1940s became more efficient, capable of producing roughly 1000 impressions per hour with only one pressman. The setup process was also quick and cost effective. Today, we still use these presses with some minor improvements.

When designing a page for a book, there are various design considerations to take into account. The book may be in portrait or landscape format, with portrait being deeper than it is wide, and landscape being wider than it is deep. Portable books are typically smaller in size, while larger sizes are better suited for reference books such as atlases. (6 marks)

Papers utilized in book printing typically have a smoother texture compared to those used for newspapers to enhance durability. These papers are then bound together using one of three binding types: perfect, edition

or saddle-stitching. Among them, edition binding is the most sturdy option.

A book's composition can be divided into three categories: preliminary matter, main text, and end matter. Preliminary material includes details that come before the text, such as the author's name, printing information, and publication details. Roman numerals are used to number these pages. The main text is organized into chapters, and pages are labeled with Arabic numerals typically located at the bottom center of each page. Finally, the end matter includes the author's notes and bibliography.

Unlike newspapers that have text presented in columns, the pages of a book have text running from left to right. The text is frequently aligned to both the left and right margins, with additional space between words if needed, resulting in a clean appearance on both sides of the page. In contrast to newspapers, book pages have lengthy paragraphs, often containing only one paragraph on an entire page. Occasionally, dialogue is displayed breaking the paragraph format with single lines.

It is uncommon for books to contain photos, and when they do, they are often black and white with a rare chance of being colorful. Additionally, the photos typically occupy an entire page.

The use of materials in maps and other graphics is similar. However, there are differences in the choice of materials between books and newspapers, as well as differences in the print finishing requirements. Books require higher quality materials for greater durability compared to newspapers which are printed frequently. As a result, books need to be made to last longer than newspapers.

Although books can be kept indefinitely, newspapers are often discarded shortly after reading. The paper used to print

books generally has a smoother finish than the newsprint used for newspapers, making it less prone to tearing or damage. Additionally, more paper is required for book printing than for newspaper production. Unlike newspapers, which tend to be relatively short, books are typically of considerable length.

The Daily Nation, with 72 pages, is an example of books that come in different sizes, such as royal or medium and either portrait or landscape format, to meet the need for portability.

A typical newspaper like the Daily Nation has a tabloid format, measuring about 29cm in width and 38cm in length when folded. Columns are utilized to present text in a newspaper for ease of reading. The columns are narrower, resulting in brief paragraphs consisting of even two sentences. In contrast, books have text aligned to both left and right, running from the left end to the right end with margins on either side.

The length of paragraphs in newspapers differs from books, and newspapers typically include photographs, ads, and other graphics while books mainly consist of text only. Additionally, newspapers are printed on loose sheets that are folded together, whereas books must be bound.

Within the realm of book binding, there exist three distinct types: perfect, edition, and saddle stitching. Of these, the most robust method is edition binding, which involves casing the book for improved durability. In this context, it is worth comparing the communication objectives of books and newspapers by examining a specific example, such as 'Coming to Birth' by Marjorie Oludhe Macgoye, in relation to the Daily Nation.

With a stunning story that weaves into the politics of Kenya, this novel is cool and impressive. The book

is bound with a blue cover in portrait format, while the Daily Nation has no cover. Although both use paper, the book's paper is smoother and more durable than the newspaper's. To fully tell the story, the book spans a considerable length of one hundred and fifty pages.

While the newspaper consists of seventy-two (72) pages, which are fewer than the book, it is structured differently. The book includes preliminary matter and main text divided into chapters. It lacks the end matter, but the story reaches a satisfactory conclusion. Conversely, the Daily Nation features a headline and subheadings for each new story. The book, in contrast, tells only one story from beginning to end.

The narrative revolves around Martin and his spouse Paulina, commencing in the pre-independence era of Kenya. Through the account, we observe the couple's highs and lows, eventually reaching a point where they grow old together and content. Additionally, the book eloquently depicts the political climate of Kenya and the happenings during the pre-independence period until shortly after independence. Although there are conflicting stories in the Daily Nation, covering various individuals and events worldwide, unlike this book's narrative.

The Daily Nation provides up-to-date news, views, features, and public interest information to its readers on a daily basis. Its purpose is to keep people informed about the latest happenings. In contrast, the book was initially published in 1986 and has undergone several reprints, the latest being in 2006. Despite being reprinted, the story remains unchanged, unlike the Daily Nation which comes with new content each day.

While The Daily Nation includes visual aids like photos and maps to enhance its articles, the book relies solely on

plain text to convey its message. Additionally, the newspaper has numerous advertisements, whereas the book lacks any.

According to the text, while newspapers lose value quickly, books aim to convey timeless concepts that remain valuable even after multiple readings. Therefore, books are akin to valuable treasures that can be enjoyed repeatedly without losing their shine, whereas newspapers are often discarded after an initial skim.

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