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Case Study Questions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 9 Mechanical Properties of Solids

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Case Study Questions:

Question 1:

The graph shown below shows qualitatively the relation between the stress and the strain as the deformation gradually increases. Within Hooke’s limit for a certain region stress and strain relation is linear. Beyond that up to a certain value of strain the body is still elastic and if deforming forces are removed the body recovers its original shape.

case study mechanical properties of solids

1. If deforming forces are removed up to which point the curve will be retraced?

(a) upto OA only

(b) upto OB

(d) Never retraced its path

2. In the above question, during loading and unloading the force exerted by the material are conservative up to

(a) OA only

(b) OB only

(d) OD only

3. During unloading beyond B , say C , the length at zero stress in now equal to

(a) less than original length

(b) greater than original length

(d) can’t be predicted

4. The breaking stress for a wire of unit cross-section is called

(a) yield point

(b) elastic fatigue

(d) Young’s modulus

5. Substances which can be stretched to cause large strains are called

(a) isomers

(b) plastomers

(d) polymers

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Case Study Questions Class 11 Physics Mechanical Properties of Fluid

Case study questions class 11 physics chapter 10 mechanical properties of solid.

CBSE Class 11 Case Study Questions Physics Mechanical Properties of Solid. Important Case Study Questions for Class 11 Board Exam Students. Here we have arranged some Important Case Base Questions for students who are searching for Paragraph Based Questions Mechanical Properties of Solid.

At Case Study Questions there will given a Paragraph. In where some Important Questions will made on that respective Case Based Study. There will various types of marks will given 1 marks, 2 marks, 3 marks, 4 marks.

CBSE Case Study Questions Class 11 Physics Mechanical Properties of Solid

Case study – 1.

The pressure is then defined in a limiting sense as –

Pressure is a scalar quantity. We remind the reader that it is the component of the force normal to the area under consideration. Its dimensions are [ML -1 T -2 ] The SI unit of pressure is N m -2 . It has been named as Pascal (Pa) in honor of the French scientist Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) who carried out pioneering studies on fluid pressure.

The French scientist Blaise Pascal observed that the pressure in a fluid at rest is the same at all points if they are at the same height. Whenever external pressure is applied on any part of a fluid contained in a vessel, it is transmitted undiminished and equally in all directions. This is another form of the Pascal’s law and it has many applications in daily life. A number of devices, such as hydraulic lift and hydraulic brakes, are based on the Pascal’s law.

The pressure of the atmosphere at any point is equal to the weight of a column of air of unit cross-sectional area extending from that point to the top of the atmosphere. At sea level, it is 1.013 × 10 5 Pa (1atm) . Italian scientist Evangelista Torricelli (1608–1647) devised for the first time a method for measuring atmospheric pressure. This device is known as ‘mercury barometer’ the space above the mercury column in the tube which is atmospheric pressure, P a .

Where r is the density of mercury and h is the height of the mercury column in the tube.

1) Mercury barometer is used to measure

a) atmospheric pressure

b) gauge pressure

c) both a and b

d) none of these

2) Pressure is

3) State Pascal’s law.

4) What is atmospheric pressure?

5) Write applications of Pascal’s law

Answer key – 1

3) the pressure in a fluid at rest is the same at all points if they are at the same height. Whenever external pressure is applied on any part of a fluid contained in a vessel, it is transmitted undiminished and equally in all directions.

4) The pressure of the atmosphere at any point is equal to the weight of a column of air of unit cross-sectional area extending from that point to the top of the atmosphere.

5) Following are applications of Pascal’s law

a) Hydraulic lift

b) Hydraulic jack

c) Hydraulic machines

d) Hydraulic brakes

Case Study – 2

Variation of pressure with depth

Thus, the pressure P, at depth below the surface of a liquid open to the atmosphere is greater than atmospheric pressure by an amount rgh. The excess of pressure, P − P a , at depth h is called a gauge pressure at that point. The area of the cylinder is not appearing in the expression of absolute pressure. Thus, the height of the fluid column is important and not cross-sectional or base area or the shape of the container. The liquid pressure is the same at all points at the same horizontal level called as hydrostatic paradox. The flow of the fluid is said to be steady if at any given point, the velocity of each passing fluid particle remains constant in time. This does not mean that the velocity at different points in space is same. The velocity of a particular particle may change as it moves from one point to another. That is, at some other point the particle may have a different velocity, but every other particle which passes the second point behaves exactly as the previous particle that has just passed that point. Each particle follows a smooth path, and the paths of the particles do not cross each other. The path taken by a fluid particle under a steady flow is a streamline. It is defined as a curve whose tangent at any point is in the direction of the fluid velocity at that point. For steady flow equation of continuity hold good and it is a statement of conservation of mass in flow of incompressible fluids. In general

Av = constant

Av gives the volume flux or flow rate and remains constant throughout the pipe of flow. Thus, at narrower portions where the streamlines are closely spaced, velocity increases and it’s vice versa. Steady flow is achieved at low flow speeds. Beyond a limiting value, called critical speed, this flow loses steadiness and becomes turbulent. One sees this when a fast flowing stream encounters rocks, small foamy whirlpool-like regions called white water rapids are formed.

1) The flow of the fluid is said to be steady if at any given point, the velocity of each passing fluid particle

a) Remains constant in time

b) changes continuously

c) continuously increasing

d) None of these

2) According to equation of continuity area is

a) Directly proportional to velocity

b) Inversely proportional to velocity

c) Does not depends upon velocity

3) Give equation of continuity

4) Write a note on Variation of pressure with depth. Give its formula

5) What is hydrostatic paradox?

Answer key – 2

3) For steady flow equation of continuity hold good and it is a statement of conservation of mass in flow of incompressible fluids. In general

Av gives the volume flux or flow rate

5) The liquid pressure is remains the same at all points at the same horizontal level independent on area at base called as hydrostatic paradox.

Case Study – 3

The pressure of the atmosphere at any point is equal to the weight of a column of air of unit cross-sectional area extending from that point to the top of the atmosphere. At sea level, it is 1.013 × 10 5 Pa (1 atm). Italian scientist Evangelista Torricelli (1608–1647) devised for the first time a method for measuring atmospheric pressure.

Where r is the density of mercury and h is the of the mercury column in the tube In the experiment it is found that the mercury column in the barometer has a height of about 76 cm at sea level equivalent to one atmosphere (1 atm). This can also be obtained using the value of r. A common way of stating pressure is in terms of cm or mm of mercury (Hg). A pressure equivalent of 1 mm is called a torr (after Torricelli). 1 torr = 133 Pa. The mm of Hg and torr are used in medicine and physiology. In meteorology, a common unit is the bar and millibar.1 bar = 10 5 Pa. An open tube manometer is a useful instrument for measuring pressure differences.

1) Who gave for the first time a method for measuring atmospheric pressure?

c) Torricelli

d) None of the above

2) 1 torr is equal to

3) What is 1 torr? Where it is used?

4) Which device is used for measurement of pressure difference?

5) What is atmospheric pressure?

Answer key-3

3) A pressure equivalent of 1 mm is called a torr 1torr = 133 Pa.

The mm of Hg and torr are used in medicine and physiology.

4) An open tube manometer is a useful instrument for measuring pressure differences.

5) The pressure of the atmosphere at any point is equal to the weight of a column of air of unit cross-sectional area extending from that point to the top of the atmosphere. At sea level, it is 1.013 × 10 5 Pa (1 atm). 76 cm at sea level equivalent to one atmosphere (1 atm).

Case Study – 4

Whenever external pressure is applied on any part of a fluid contained in a vessel, it is transmitted undiminished and equally in all directions. This is another form of the Pascal’s law and it has many applications in daily life. A number of devices, such as hydraulic lift and hydraulic brakes, are based on the Pascal’s law. In these devices, fluids are used for transmitting pressure.

Fluid flow is a complex phenomenon. Bernoulli’s principle helps in explaining blood flow in artery. The artery may get constricted due to the accumulation of plaque on its inner walls. In order to drive the blood through this constriction a greater demand is placed on the activity of the heart. The speed of the flow of the blood in this region is raised which lowers the pressure inside and the artery may collapse due to the external pressure. The heart exerts further pressure to open this artery and forces the blood through. As the blood rushes through the opening, the internal pressure once again drops due to same reasons leading to a repeat collapse. This may result in heart attack.

Dynamic lift is the force that acts on a body, such as airplane wing, a hydrofoil or a spinning ball, by virtue of its motion through a fluid. In many games such as cricket, tennis, baseball, or golf, we notice that a spinning ball deviates from its parabolic trajectory as it moves through air. This deviation can be partly explained on the basis of Bernoulli’s principle. A ball which is spinning drags air along with it. If the surface is rough more air will be dragged. shows the streamlines of air for a ball which is moving and spinning at the same time. The ball is moving forward and relative to it the air is moving backwards. Therefore, the velocity of air above the ball relative to the ball is larger and below it is smaller .The stream lines, thus, get crowded above and rarified below. This difference in the velocities of air results in the pressure difference between the lower and upper faces and there is a net upward force on the ball. This dynamic lift due to spining is called Magnus effect.

The Venturi-meter is a device to measure the flow speed of incompressible fluid. The principle behind this meter has many applications. The carburetor of automobile has a Venturi channel (nozzle) through which air flows with a high speed. The pressure is then lowered at the narrow neck and the petrol (gasoline) is sucked up in the chamber to provide the correct mixture of air to fuel necessary for combustion. Filter pumps or aspirators, Bunsen burner, atomisers and sprayers used for perfumes or to spray insecticides work on the same principle.

1) The Venturi-meter is a device used to measure the

a) Flow speed of incompressible fluid.

b) Area occupied by fluid.

c) Volume occupied by fluid

2) hydraulic brakes works on principle of

a) Pascal’s law

b) Newton’s law

c) Bernoulli’s principle

3) With the help of Bernoulli’s principle. How heart attack happens?

4) Explain Magnus effect with example of ball with spin in air.

5) What is dynamic lift?

Answer key – 4

3) With the help of Bernoulli’s principle we can explain heart attack phenomenon. The artery may get constricted due to the accumulation of plaque on its inner walls. In order to flow the blood through this constriction a large pressure is exerted on heart. The speed of the flow of the blood in this region is raised which lowers the pressure inside and the artery may collapse due to the external pressure. The heart exerts further pressure to open this artery and forces the blood through. As the blood flows fast trough the opening, the internal pressure once again drops due to same reasons leading to a repeat collapse. This result in heart attack.

4) A ball which is spinning drags air along with it. If the surface is rough more air will be dragged. When ball is moving forward and relative to it the air is moving backwards. Therefore, the velocity of air above the ball relative to the ball is larger and below it is smaller. This difference in the velocities of air results in the pressure difference between the lower and upper faces and there is a net upward force on the ball. This dynamic lift due to spining is called Magnus effect.

5) Dynamic lift is the force that acts on a body due to its motion through a fluid. In many games such as cricket, tennis, we notice that a spinning ball deviates from its parabolic trajectory this is nothing but dynamic lift.

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Class 11th Physics - Mechanical Properties of Solids Case Study Questions and Answers 2022 - 2023

Class 11th Physics - Mechanical Properties of Solids Case Study Questions and Answers 2022 - 2023 Study Materials Sep-09 , 2022

QB365 provides a detailed and simple solution for every Possible Case Study Questions in Class 11 Physics Subject - Mechanical Properties of Solids, CBSE. It will help Students to get more practice questions, Students can Practice these question papers in addition to score best marks.

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Mechanical properties of solids case study questions with answer key.

Final Semester - June 2015

The atoms in solids are held together by interatomic forces. the average locations of the atoms in a lattice do not change with time and lack mobility. This makes a solid rigid and becomes a cause of elasticity in solids. In some solids such as steel, the atoms are bound together by larger inter-atomic forces than in others. Thus elastic behaviour varies from solid to solid. Even fluids exhibit elasticity. All material bodies get deformed when subjected to a suitable force. The ability of a body to regain its original shape and size is called elasticity. The deforming force per unit area is called stress. The change in dimension divided by the original dimension is called strain. The three kinds of stresses are tensile stress, shearing stress and volumetric stress similarly strains too. According to Hooke's law, within the elastic limit stress is proportional to strain. (i) Which state of matter has volume elasticity? (ii) When we stretch a wire, we have to perform work. Why? What happens to the energy given to the wire in this process? (iii) Define elastic limit. (iv) Define modulus of elastcity on what factors does it depend? (v) Why solids are more elastic and gases are least? (vi) The ratio of radii of two wires of same material is 2 : 1. If these wires are stretched by equal force, find the ratio of stresses Produced in them.

When an elastic body is subjected repeatedly to the action of alternating deforming forces, its behaviour corresponds to that of less elastic bodies due to elastic fatigue. In our daily life, elastic properties are considered while designing a structure of the material. For example, the metallic parts of the machinery are never subjected to a stress beyonds elastic limit otherwise they will get permanently deformed. The thickness of the metallic rope used in the crane in order to lift a given load is decided from the knowledge of elastic limit of the material of the rope and the factor of safety. Similarly the bridges are designed in such a way that they do not bend much or break under the load of heavy traffic, force of strongly blowing wind and its own weight. (i) What does it mean by elastic after effect? (ii) Define elastic fatigue (iii) Why are bridges and girders given I shape? (iv) A hollow shaft is found to be stronger than a solid shaft made of some equal material against twisting. Explain why? (v) Define Poisson's ratio (vi) An elastic wire is cut to half its original length. How would it affect the maximum load that the wire can support? (vii) Why is a spring made of steei, not of copper? (viii) Why are the bridges declared unsafe after long use?

A thin rod of negligible mass and cross-sectional area 4 x 10 -6 m -2 , suspended vertically from one end, has a length of 0.5 m at 100° C, The rod is cooled to 0° C, Young's modulus is 10 11 Nm -2 , Coefficient of linear expansion = 10 - 5 K -1 and g = 10 ms -2 . (i) Determine the decrease in length of the rod on cooling. (ii) What mass must be attached at the lower end of the rod so that the rod is prevented from contracting on cooling? (iii) Determine the total energy stored in the rod. (iv) What is origin of elastic potential energy in a stretched wire? Give its relation with Young's modulus and strain.

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Atomistic Properties of Solids pp 261–289 Cite as

Mechanical Properties of Solids

Dinker B. Sirdeshmukh 4 ,
Lalitha Sirdeshmukh 4 &
K. G. Subhadra 5
First Online: 01 January 2011

1901 Accesses

1 Citations

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Materials Science ((SSMATERIALS,volume 147))

As we proceed along,we will see that the elastic properties of solids have twofold importance. Firstly,they indicate the mechanical strength of the solid. Secondly,they are very important in understanding the nature of the interatomic forces and in the analysis of lattice vibrations.

Elastic Property
Elastic Constant
Polycrystalline Aggregate
Crystal Classis
Isotropic Elastic Medium

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Sirdeshmukh, D.B., Sirdeshmukh, L., Subhadra, K.G. (2011). Mechanical Properties of Solids. In: Atomistic Properties of Solids. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 147. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19971-4_8

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Mechanical Properties of Solids

A material is said to be in the solid state if all the atoms of that matter are densely packed together. A solid material has a definite shape and size. In order to change the shape and size of the solid object, an external force needs to be applied. In this chapter, we will learn about the Mechanical Properties of Solids.

Elasticity and Plasticity
Applications of Elastic Behaviour of Materials
Stress and Strain
Elastic Moduli
Hooke’s Law and Stress-strain Curve

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Mechanical Properties of Solids

Introduction: If all of the atoms in a substance are closely packed together, it is considered to be in the solid-state. The shape and dimensions of solid material are fixed. An external force must be applied to modify the shape and size of the solid item. The Mechanical Properties of Solids will be covered in this chapter.

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Solids' mechanical properties define properties such as strength and deformation resistance. It represents an object's ability to endure the stress that is applied to it. Elasticity, plasticity, strength, abrasion, hardness, ductility, brittleness, malleability, and toughness are examples of mechanical qualities.

There are some notable properties and the laws governing this chapter 9 of the NCERT textbook for class 11 Physics, Mechanical Properties of Solids. At the end of the chapter, questions are posed to summarise the chapter's overall concepts and topics.

List of topics according to NCERT and JEE Main/NEET syllabus:

Introduction to Elasticity and Plasticity
Applications of Elastic Behaviour of Materials
Stress and Strain
Elastic Moduli
Hooke’s Law and Stress-strain Curve.
Elastic behaviour of solids
mechanical properties of solids solutions.

Resistance of Deformation:

Solids are defined by their size and shape. To modify the size and shape of a solid item, an external force is necessary. If the resistance to deformation is low, an object's shape can be easily modified. The qualities of solids that define their solidity are known as mechanical properties. Plasticity, elasticity, strength, and ductility are some of these characteristics.

Elasticity is described as the property of an object that allows it to restore its original shape and size once a force has been removed. For instance, if we stretch a rubber band to a certain length and then leave it, it will revert to its previous shape.

A Perfectly Elastic Body is described as a body that returns to its original shape and size completely and instantly after the deforming force has been eliminated. Phosphor bronze and quartz fibre, for example.

Plasticity is the property of an object that causes it to change shape when a deforming force is applied and never returns to its previous shape once the deforming force is removed.

Ductility is a quality of an object that allows it to be pulled through thin wires, plates, or sheets. Consider the following scenario: Strength of Gold and Silver:

Strength is defined as the ability to withstand imposed stress without failing.

class 11 physics ch 9 ncert solutions and class 11th physics chapter 9 notes also include,

If a body is distorted as a result of an external force, an internal force is produced at each and every section of the body that attempts to restore the body to its original state. Stress is the name for this internal energy.

Stress = F/A its unit is N/m² or Pascal.

Types of stress:

There are three types of stress:

(a) Longitudinal Stress: Longitudinal Stress occurs when the deforming force of a cylindrical body is applied normally to the area of cross-section. A change in the length of an object occurs when it is subjected to longitudinal stress.

There are two forms of longitudinal stress.-

Tensile force: Tensile stress is defined as an increase in the length of an object as a result of the applied force effect.

Compressional stress occurs when the length of an object decreases as a result of the applied force effect.

(b) Shearing or Tangential Stress: Tangential stress is defined as the restoring force per unit area when the applied force is parallel to the body's cross-sectional area. When applied tangentially, the deforming force causes changes in the shape of the body.

(c) Hydraulic Stress: Hydraulic stress refers to the restoring force that a fluid like water exerts per unit area on a body or item.

Strain is defined as a change in the size and shape of a body caused by the application of a deforming force. Strain is defined as the proportion of a change in shape or size to the initial shape or size. It is nothing more than a number with no dimensions.

There are three different sorts of strains:

Shearing strain is the measurement of the relative displacement on opposite faces of the body caused by shearing stress.

(b) Longitudinal strain : The original length of the body changes as a result of the imposed longitudinal stress. Longitudinal strain is defined as the difference between the current length and the original length

(c) Strain of volume: Hydraulic pressure causes a strain called volume strain. The ratio of change in volume to the initial volume is what it's called. Hooke's Law states that within the elastic limit, strain and stress are proportional to each other.

Stress ∝ Strain

Stress = k * strain

The proportionality constant K, often known as the modulus of elasticity, is used here. Hooke's law is an empirical law that holds true for most materials. Some materials, such as human muscle and rubber, defy Hooke's law.

The curve of Stress and Strain:

A line created by stress and strain is known as the stress-strain curve. A stress-strain curve for a material gives the relationship between stress and strain in the ideal case of Hooke's law. It's calculated by progressively adding load to a test coupon and measuring deformation, from which stress and strain may be calculated (see tensile testing). Many properties of a material are revealed by these curves, including Young's modulus, yield strength, and ultimate tensile strength.

Strain is the amount of deformation experienced by the body in the direction of force applied, divided by the initial dimensions of the body.

is the change in length and L is the original length of the material.

The strain is a dimensionless quantity as it just defines the relative change in shape.

Elastic Moduli:

The ratio of strain and stress is known as the modulus of elasticity, or Elastic Moduli. It is one of the material's most fundamental features. Young's modulus, Shear modulus, and Bulk modulus are the three forms of elastic moduli.

Young's Rigidity Modulus:

Within the elastic limit, Young's Modulus of Rigidity is defined as the ratio of longitudinal stress to longitudinal strain. Young's Modulus is represented by the letter Y. Metals have high Young Modulus values when compared to other materials.

Y= Normal Stress / Longitudinal Strain

Bulk Modulus of Rigidity:

The ratio of normal stress to volumetric strain within the elastic limit is known as the Bulk Modulus of Rigidity. It is represented by B.

B= Normal Stress / Volumetric Strain

NCERT Notes Subject Wise Link:

NCERT notes Class 11 Maths
NCERT notes Class 11 Physics
NCERT notes Class 11 Chemistry
NCERT notes Class 11 Biology

Importance of Mechanical Properties of Solids class 11:

All applicants preparing for entrance examinations such as JEE and NEET will benefit from the ncert solutions for class 11 physics chapter 9. Mechanical properties of solids notes, are particularly useful for revision when you are short on time and have a lot of material to cover. Every year, they have posted at least two questions from properties of solids and liquids, as has been the case over the past five years. This is one of the most important chapters on the syllabus. So, if you have enough time, tackle solids before fluids because solids introduce us to new concepts such as stress, strain, potential energy, and strain relation. These subjects aren't as important in fluids, but you should start with solids since if you miss a chapter in the middle, you'll end up with a backlog. one must practice all mechanical properties of solids neet questions and furthermore, one should also practice with mechanical properties of solids class 11 questions and answers pdf. Also to prepare the best one must refer to ncert solutions for class 11 physics chapter 9 and class 11 mechanical properties of solids notes combined.

If you have time constraints, then also you should do solids first as it is a small chapter which will not take much time of yours!

NCERT Solutions Subject wise link:

NCERT solutions for class 11 Physics.
NCERT solutions for class 11 Chemistry.
NCERT solutions for class 11 Mathematics.
NCERT solutions for class 11 Biology.

NCERT Exemplar Solutions Subject wise link:

NCERT exemplar solutions for class 11 Physics.
NCERT exemplar solutions for class 11 Chemistry.
NCERT exemplar solutions for class 11 Mathematics.
NCERT exemplar solutions for class 11 Biology.

Frequently Asked Question (FAQs)

A cylinder's twisting produces pure shear.

It's a substance that can be stretched elastically to huge strain values t.

It is defined as the ratio of the highest load applied to the wire to its original cross-sectional area.

The answer is zero.

This happens when the body is deformed beyond the elastic limit.

Apr 27, 2022 - 12:42 p.m. IST ---STATIC

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A Structural Engineer designs buildings, bridges, and other related structures. He or she analyzes the structures and makes sure the structures are strong enough to be used by the people. A career as a Structural Engineer requires working in the construction process. It comes under the civil engineering discipline. A Structure Engineer creates structural models with the help of computer-aided design software.

Highway Engineer

Highway Engineer Job Description: A Highway Engineer is a civil engineer who specialises in planning and building thousands of miles of roads that support connectivity and allow transportation across the country. He or she ensures that traffic management schemes are effectively planned concerning economic sustainability and successful implementation.

Field Surveyor

Are you searching for a Field Surveyor Job Description? A Field Surveyor is a professional responsible for conducting field surveys for various places or geographical conditions. He or she collects the required data and information as per the instructions given by senior officials.

Orthotist and Prosthetist

Orthotists and Prosthetists are professionals who provide aid to patients with disabilities. They fix them to artificial limbs (prosthetics) and help them to regain stability. There are times when people lose their limbs in an accident. In some other occasions, they are born without a limb or orthopaedic impairment. Orthotists and prosthetists play a crucial role in their lives with fixing them to assistive devices and provide mobility.

Pathologist

A career in pathology in India is filled with several responsibilities as it is a medical branch and affects human lives. The demand for pathologists has been increasing over the past few years as people are getting more aware of different diseases. Not only that, but an increase in population and lifestyle changes have also contributed to the increase in a pathologist’s demand. The pathology careers provide an extremely huge number of opportunities and if you want to be a part of the medical field you can consider being a pathologist. If you want to know more about a career in pathology in India then continue reading this article.

Veterinary Doctor

Speech therapist, gynaecologist.

Gynaecology can be defined as the study of the female body. The job outlook for gynaecology is excellent since there is evergreen demand for one because of their responsibility of dealing with not only women’s health but also fertility and pregnancy issues. Although most women prefer to have a women obstetrician gynaecologist as their doctor, men also explore a career as a gynaecologist and there are ample amounts of male doctors in the field who are gynaecologists and aid women during delivery and childbirth.

Audiologist

The audiologist career involves audiology professionals who are responsible to treat hearing loss and proactively preventing the relevant damage. Individuals who opt for a career as an audiologist use various testing strategies with the aim to determine if someone has a normal sensitivity to sounds or not. After the identification of hearing loss, a hearing doctor is required to determine which sections of the hearing are affected, to what extent they are affected, and where the wound causing the hearing loss is found. As soon as the hearing loss is identified, the patients are provided with recommendations for interventions and rehabilitation such as hearing aids, cochlear implants, and appropriate medical referrals. While audiology is a branch of science that studies and researches hearing, balance, and related disorders.

An oncologist is a specialised doctor responsible for providing medical care to patients diagnosed with cancer. He or she uses several therapies to control the cancer and its effect on the human body such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and biopsy. An oncologist designs a treatment plan based on a pathology report after diagnosing the type of cancer and where it is spreading inside the body.

Are you searching for an ‘Anatomist job description’? An Anatomist is a research professional who applies the laws of biological science to determine the ability of bodies of various living organisms including animals and humans to regenerate the damaged or destroyed organs. If you want to know what does an anatomist do, then read the entire article, where we will answer all your questions.

For an individual who opts for a career as an actor, the primary responsibility is to completely speak to the character he or she is playing and to persuade the crowd that the character is genuine by connecting with them and bringing them into the story. This applies to significant roles and littler parts, as all roles join to make an effective creation. Here in this article, we will discuss how to become an actor in India, actor exams, actor salary in India, and actor jobs.

Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats create and direct original routines for themselves, in addition to developing interpretations of existing routines. The work of circus acrobats can be seen in a variety of performance settings, including circus, reality shows, sports events like the Olympics, movies and commercials. Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats must be prepared to face rejections and intermittent periods of work. The creativity of acrobats may extend to other aspects of the performance. For example, acrobats in the circus may work with gym trainers, celebrities or collaborate with other professionals to enhance such performance elements as costume and or maybe at the teaching end of the career.

Video Game Designer

Career as a video game designer is filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. A video game designer is someone who is involved in the process of creating a game from day one. He or she is responsible for fulfilling duties like designing the character of the game, the several levels involved, plot, art and similar other elements. Individuals who opt for a career as a video game designer may also write the codes for the game using different programming languages.

Depending on the video game designer job description and experience they may also have to lead a team and do the early testing of the game in order to suggest changes and find loopholes.

Radio Jockey

Radio Jockey is an exciting, promising career and a great challenge for music lovers. If you are really interested in a career as radio jockey, then it is very important for an RJ to have an automatic, fun, and friendly personality. If you want to get a job done in this field, a strong command of the language and a good voice are always good things. Apart from this, in order to be a good radio jockey, you will also listen to good radio jockeys so that you can understand their style and later make your own by practicing.

A career as radio jockey has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. If you want to know more about a career as radio jockey, and how to become a radio jockey then continue reading the article.

Choreographer

The word “choreography" actually comes from Greek words that mean “dance writing." Individuals who opt for a career as a choreographer create and direct original dances, in addition to developing interpretations of existing dances. A Choreographer dances and utilises his or her creativity in other aspects of dance performance. For example, he or she may work with the music director to select music or collaborate with other famous choreographers to enhance such performance elements as lighting, costume and set design.

Social Media Manager

A career as social media manager involves implementing the company’s or brand’s marketing plan across all social media channels. Social media managers help in building or improving a brand’s or a company’s website traffic, build brand awareness, create and implement marketing and brand strategy. Social media managers are key to important social communication as well.

Photographer

Photography is considered both a science and an art, an artistic means of expression in which the camera replaces the pen. In a career as a photographer, an individual is hired to capture the moments of public and private events, such as press conferences or weddings, or may also work inside a studio, where people go to get their picture clicked. Photography is divided into many streams each generating numerous career opportunities in photography. With the boom in advertising, media, and the fashion industry, photography has emerged as a lucrative and thrilling career option for many Indian youths.

An individual who is pursuing a career as a producer is responsible for managing the business aspects of production. They are involved in each aspect of production from its inception to deception. Famous movie producers review the script, recommend changes and visualise the story.

They are responsible for overseeing the finance involved in the project and distributing the film for broadcasting on various platforms. A career as a producer is quite fulfilling as well as exhaustive in terms of playing different roles in order for a production to be successful. Famous movie producers are responsible for hiring creative and technical personnel on contract basis.

Copy Writer

In a career as a copywriter, one has to consult with the client and understand the brief well. A career as a copywriter has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. Several new mediums of advertising are opening therefore making it a lucrative career choice. Students can pursue various copywriter courses such as Journalism , Advertising , Marketing Management . Here, we have discussed how to become a freelance copywriter, copywriter career path, how to become a copywriter in India, and copywriting career outlook.

In a career as a vlogger, one generally works for himself or herself. However, once an individual has gained viewership there are several brands and companies that approach them for paid collaboration. It is one of those fields where an individual can earn well while following his or her passion.

Ever since internet costs got reduced the viewership for these types of content has increased on a large scale. Therefore, a career as a vlogger has a lot to offer. If you want to know more about the Vlogger eligibility, roles and responsibilities then continue reading the article.

For publishing books, newspapers, magazines and digital material, editorial and commercial strategies are set by publishers. Individuals in publishing career paths make choices about the markets their businesses will reach and the type of content that their audience will be served. Individuals in book publisher careers collaborate with editorial staff, designers, authors, and freelance contributors who develop and manage the creation of content.

Careers in journalism are filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. One cannot afford to miss out on the details. As it is the small details that provide insights into a story. Depending on those insights a journalist goes about writing a news article. A journalism career can be stressful at times but if you are someone who is passionate about it then it is the right choice for you. If you want to know more about the media field and journalist career then continue reading this article.

Individuals in the editor career path is an unsung hero of the news industry who polishes the language of the news stories provided by stringers, reporters, copywriters and content writers and also news agencies. Individuals who opt for a career as an editor make it more persuasive, concise and clear for readers. In this article, we will discuss the details of the editor's career path such as how to become an editor in India, editor salary in India and editor skills and qualities.

Individuals who opt for a career as a reporter may often be at work on national holidays and festivities. He or she pitches various story ideas and covers news stories in risky situations. Students can pursue a BMC (Bachelor of Mass Communication) , B.M.M. (Bachelor of Mass Media) , or MAJMC (MA in Journalism and Mass Communication) to become a reporter. While we sit at home reporters travel to locations to collect information that carries a news value.

Corporate Executive

Are you searching for a Corporate Executive job description? A Corporate Executive role comes with administrative duties. He or she provides support to the leadership of the organisation. A Corporate Executive fulfils the business purpose and ensures its financial stability. In this article, we are going to discuss how to become corporate executive.

Multimedia Specialist

A multimedia specialist is a media professional who creates, audio, videos, graphic image files, computer animations for multimedia applications. He or she is responsible for planning, producing, and maintaining websites and applications.

Quality Controller

A quality controller plays a crucial role in an organisation. He or she is responsible for performing quality checks on manufactured products. He or she identifies the defects in a product and rejects the product.

A quality controller records detailed information about products with defects and sends it to the supervisor or plant manager to take necessary actions to improve the production process.

Production Manager

A QA Lead is in charge of the QA Team. The role of QA Lead comes with the responsibility of assessing services and products in order to determine that he or she meets the quality standards. He or she develops, implements and manages test plans.

Process Development Engineer

The Process Development Engineers design, implement, manufacture, mine, and other production systems using technical knowledge and expertise in the industry. They use computer modeling software to test technologies and machinery. An individual who is opting career as Process Development Engineer is responsible for developing cost-effective and efficient processes. They also monitor the production process and ensure it functions smoothly and efficiently.

AWS Solution Architect

An AWS Solution Architect is someone who specializes in developing and implementing cloud computing systems. He or she has a good understanding of the various aspects of cloud computing and can confidently deploy and manage their systems. He or she troubleshoots the issues and evaluates the risk from the third party.

Azure Administrator

An Azure Administrator is a professional responsible for implementing, monitoring, and maintaining Azure Solutions. He or she manages cloud infrastructure service instances and various cloud servers as well as sets up public and private cloud systems.

Computer Programmer

Careers in computer programming primarily refer to the systematic act of writing code and moreover include wider computer science areas. The word 'programmer' or 'coder' has entered into practice with the growing number of newly self-taught tech enthusiasts. Computer programming careers involve the use of designs created by software developers and engineers and transforming them into commands that can be implemented by computers. These commands result in regular usage of social media sites, word-processing applications and browsers.

Information Security Manager

Individuals in the information security manager career path involves in overseeing and controlling all aspects of computer security. The IT security manager job description includes planning and carrying out security measures to protect the business data and information from corruption, theft, unauthorised access, and deliberate attack

ITSM Manager

Automation test engineer.

An Automation Test Engineer job involves executing automated test scripts. He or she identifies the project’s problems and troubleshoots them. The role involves documenting the defect using management tools. He or she works with the application team in order to resolve any issues arising during the testing process.

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Case Based Questions Test: Mechanical Properties of Solids - NEET MCQ

10 questions mcq test - case based questions test: mechanical properties of solids, attempt all questions sub parts from each question. elasticity vs. plasticity: objects get deformed when pushed, pulled, and twisted. elasticity is the measure of the amount that the object can return to its original shape after these external forces and pressure are removed. the opposite of elasticity is plasticity. when something is stretched, and it stays stretched, the material is said to be plastic. such deformation is said to be plastic deformation. in elastic deformation, atoms of the material are displaced temporarily from their original lattice site. they return back to their original position after the removal of external force. in plastic deformation, atoms of the solid are displaced permanently from their original lattice site. they don’t return back to the original position even after the removal of external load. so, elastic deformation is temporary, whereas plastic deformation is permanent. amount of elastic deformation is very small. but the amount of plastic deformation is quite large. external force required for elastic deformation of solid is quite small. force required for plastic deformation is much higher. total energy absorbed by the material during elastic and plastic deformation region is called modulus of toughness. energy absorbed by the material during elastic deformation is called module of resilience. most materials have an amount of force or pressure for which they deform elastically. if more force or pressure is applied, then they undergo plastic deformation. materials those have a fair amount of plastic deformation before breaking are said to be ductile. materials those can't stretch or bend much without breaking are said to be brittle. copper, aluminium etc. are ductile materials. for this reason those are used for making wires. glass and ceramics are often brittle; they will not bend; they will break. q. which of the following statement is false.

A. A body is said to be plastic when it deforms due to application of force and return to to its original shape when the deforming force is removed.
B. External force required for elastic deformation of solid is quite small.
C. In plastic deformation, atoms of the solid are displaced permanently from their original lattice site
D. Most materials have an amount of force or pressure for which they deform elastically. If more force or pressure is applied, then they undergo plastic deformation.

Attempt All Questions sub parts from each question. Elasticity vs. plasticity: Objects get deformed when pushed, pulled, and twisted. Elasticity is the measure of the amount that the object can return to its original shape after these external forces and pressure are removed. The opposite of elasticity is plasticity. When something is stretched, and it stays stretched, the material is said to be plastic. Such deformation is said to be plastic deformation. In elastic deformation, atoms of the material are displaced temporarily from their original lattice site. They return back to their original position after the removal of external force. In plastic deformation, atoms of the solid are displaced permanently from their original lattice site. They don’t return back to the original position even after the removal of external load. So, elastic deformation is temporary, whereas plastic deformation is permanent. Amount of elastic deformation is very small. But the amount of plastic deformation is quite large. External force required for elastic deformation of solid is quite small. Force required for plastic deformation is much higher. Total energy absorbed by the material during elastic and plastic deformation region is called modulus of toughness. Energy absorbed by the material during elastic deformation is called module of resilience. Most materials have an amount of force or pressure for which they deform elastically. If more force or pressure is applied, then they undergo plastic deformation. Materials those have a fair amount of plastic deformation before breaking are said to be ductile. Materials those can't stretch or bend much without breaking are said to be brittle. Copper, aluminium etc. are ductile materials. For this reason those are used for making wires. Glass and ceramics are often brittle; they will not bend; they will break. Q. Aluminium is a ............... materials.

D. Both (b) and (c)

Attempt All Questions sub parts from each question. Elasticity vs. plasticity: Objects get deformed when pushed, pulled, and twisted. Elasticity is the measure of the amount that the object can return to its original shape after these external forces and pressure are removed. The opposite of elasticity is plasticity. When something is stretched, and it stays stretched, the material is said to be plastic. Such deformation is said to be plastic deformation. In elastic deformation, atoms of the material are displaced temporarily from their original lattice site. They return back to their original position after the removal of external force. In plastic deformation, atoms of the solid are displaced permanently from their original lattice site. They don’t return back to the original position even after the removal of external load. So, elastic deformation is temporary, whereas plastic deformation is permanent. Amount of elastic deformation is very small. But the amount of plastic deformation is quite large. External force required for elastic deformation of solid is quite small. Force required for plastic deformation is much higher. Total energy absorbed by the material during elastic and plastic deformation region is called modulus of toughness. Energy absorbed by the material during elastic deformation is called module of resilience. Most materials have an amount of force or pressure for which they deform elastically. If more force or pressure is applied, then they undergo plastic deformation. Materials those have a fair amount of plastic deformation before breaking are said to be ductile. Materials those can't stretch or bend much without breaking are said to be brittle. Copper, aluminium etc. are ductile materials. For this reason those are used for making wires. Glass and ceramics are often brittle; they will not bend; they will break. Q. Which of the following 4 stress-strain graphs represent a ductile material and a brittle material?

A is for a brittle material, B is for a ductile material

A is for a brittle material, D is for a ductile material

A is for a brittle material, C is for a ductile material

C is for a brittle material, A is for a ductile material

A typical stress–strain curve for a brittle material is linear. Hence graph A is for brittle material. Graph C is for a ductile material

Attempt All Questions sub parts from each question.

Elasticity vs. plasticity: Objects get deformed when pushed, pulled, and twisted. Elasticity is the measure of the amount that the object can return to its original shape after these external forces and pressure are removed. The opposite of elasticity is plasticity. When something is stretched, and it stays stretched, the material is said to be plastic. Such deformation is said to be plastic deformation. In elastic deformation, atoms of the material are displaced temporarily from their original lattice site. They return back to their original position after the removal of external force. In plastic deformation, atoms of the solid are displaced permanently from their original lattice site. They don’t return back to the original position even after the removal of external load. So, elastic deformation is temporary, whereas plastic deformation is permanent. Amount of elastic deformation is very small. But the amount of plastic deformation is quite large. External force required for elastic deformation of solid is quite small. Force required for plastic deformation is much higher. Total energy absorbed by the material during elastic and plastic deformation region is called modulus of toughness. Energy absorbed by the material during elastic deformation is called module of resilience. Most materials have an amount of force or pressure for which they deform elastically. If more force or pressure is applied, then they undergo plastic deformation. Materials those have a fair amount of plastic deformation before breaking are said to be ductile. Materials those can't stretch or bend much without breaking are said to be brittle. Copper, aluminium etc. are ductile materials. For this reason those are used for making wires. Glass and ceramics are often brittle; they will not bend; they will break.

Q. Hooks law is applicable for

A. Plastic materials
B. Elastic materials
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. Brittle materials

Q. Ceramic is a ............... material

D. Both (a) and (c)

Sagging of a bridge A bridge is designed such that it can withstand the load of the flowing traffic, the force of winds and its own weight. Let us consider the case of a beam loaded at the centre and supported near its ends as shown in Figure. A beam of length l, breadth b, and depth d when loaded at the centre by a load W sags by an amount given by

From the equation, we see that to reduce the bending for a given load, one should use a material with a large Young’s modulus Y. For a given material, increasing the depth d rather than the breadth b is more effective in reducing the bending, since δ is proportional to d –3 and to b –1 (of course the length l of the span should be as small as possible).

Amongst bridge materials steel has the highest and most favorable strength qualities, and it is therefore suitable for the most daring bridges with the longest spans. Normal building steel has compressive and tensile strengths of 370 N/sq mm, about ten times the compressive strength of a medium concrete and a hundred times its tensile strength. A special merit of steel is its ductility due to which it deforms considerably before it breaks, because it begins to yield above a certain stress level.

Q. To reduce bending of a beam

A. For a given length and material depth should be greater than breadth
B. For a given length and material breadth should be greater than depth
C. For a given length and material depth should be equal to breadth
D. Breadth and depth has no effect

From the equation, we see that to reduce the bending for a given load, one should increase the depth d rather than the breadth b since δ is proportional to d –3 and to b –1 .

Q. Why ductility is the special merit of steel?

A. Ductility allows structures to bend and deform to some extent without rupturing.
B. Ductility offers the structure a high rigidity
C. Ductility prevents the structure to sag while overloaded
D. Ductility offers less corrosion

Q. Compressive strength of normal building steel is about ................ times of the compressive strength of medium concrete.

Q. A bar of length l, breadth b, and depth d, supported at two ends when loaded at the centre by a load W sags by an amount given by

Q. What is the special merit of steel over concrete is its

A. Malleability
B. Brittleness
C. Conductivity
D. Ductility

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Important Questions for Case Based Questions Test: Mechanical Properties of Solids

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Physics Important Questions
Class 11 Physics
Chapter 8: Mechanical Properties Solids

Important Questions For Class 11 Physics Chapter 8 - Mechanical Properties of Solids

The Important Questions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 8 Mechanical Properties of Solids are provided below. Physics is one of the most important subjects in Class 11, as the concepts of this standard are included in the board examination. Mechanical Properties of Solids is one of the scoring sections of the Physics subject. Students must study hard so that they can solve any type of question asked from this chapter in the exam. It will also increase their scores in Physics papers`.

Important Questions For Class 11 Physics Chapter 8 – Mechanical Properties of Solids

important questions class 11 physics chapter 8 mechanical properties solids 1

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Mechanical Properties Of Solids Class 11 Notes PDF (Handwritten & Short Notes)

The Mechanical Properties Of Solids is one of the important chapters of the Class 11th Physics. Students can easily cover the chapter with the help of the Mechanical Properties Of Solids Class 11 notes. In the notes, all the concepts and topics are explained in a creative and precise manner.

The Mechanical Properties Of Solids Class 11 notes are considered to be important study material throughout the preparation. As it helps students to understand the chapter Mechanical Properties Of Solids in many different ways. One of the important ways is by practising questions given in the chapter Mechanical Properties Of Solids notes. By practising many questions students can increase their overall score in the examination by performing too well in the examination.

Mechanical Properties Of Solids Notes PDF

The Class 11 Physics notes is a written explanation for every passage or concepts included in the chapter Mechanical Properties Of Solids. These Mechanical Properties Of Solids notes are available in the Portable Document Format. The PDF of the Class 11 Physics Notes can be easily downloaded without any difficulty. With the help of the downloaded revision notes, Class 11 students can pay attention to the chapter Mechanical Properties Of Solids to be able to perform well in the board examinations as well as in the competition exam.

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Mechanical Properties of Solids

Mechanical Properties of Solids Class 11 Notes

In this article, students will get to learn and fetch mechanical properties of solids class 11 notes. We are going to discuss the properties that solids have such as elastic behaviour of solids, stress and strain, stress-strain curve, Hooke’s law and elastic moduli.

What are the Mechanical Properties of Solids?

Mechanical properties of solids elaborates the characteristics such as the resistance to deformation and their strength. Strength is the ability of an object to withstand the applied stress, to what extent can it bear the stress. Resistance to deformation is how resistant any object is to the change of shape. If the resistance to deformation is less, the object can easily change its shape and vice versa.

Therefore, some of the mechanical properties of solids include:

Elasticity: When we stretch an object, it changes its shape and when we leave, it regains its shape. Or we can say it is the property to regain the original shape once the external force is removed. Example: Spring

Plasticity: When an object changes its shape and never comes back to its original shape even when external force is removed. It is the property of permanent deformation. Example: Plastic materials.

Ductility: When an object can be pulled in thin sheets, wires or plates, it has the ductile properties. It is the property of being drawn into thin wires/sheets/plates. Example: Gold or Silver

Strength: The ability to withstand applied stress without failure. Many categories of objects have higher strength than others.

There are various other properties but in this chapter of class 11 Physics mechanical properties of solids, we will mainly focus on the elasticity of solids.

Stress and Different Types of Stress

It is the restoring force that develops on an object in the opposite direction; it is measured per unit area. For example, when a rubber ball is applied by an external force with our hands to compress it, at the same time the ball develops an opposite force that restrains it; however, both the forces are equal in magnitude. This restoring force developed by the object or ball is called stress.

Stress = Force/Area

The S.I. unit of Stress is N/m square or Pascal (Pa)

Different Types of Stress are

Longitudinal Stress: Longitude means lengthwise; therefore, it can be defined as the restoring force per unit area when the force applied is normal to the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical body. There is change in the length of the object taking place. Example, when a cylindrical rubber object is tied with a heavy object, there will be longitudinal stress acting upon and the change in the length of the object takes place.

Longitudinal stress is divided into two sub-categories:

Tensile stress: In the above example, it can be said that tensile stress develops when force is applied to stretch the cylinder.

Compressive stress: When force is applied to compress the object.

Tangential or Shearing Stress

It is the restoring force per unit area when the force applied is parallel to the cross-sectional area of the body. There is a relative displacement occurring between the opposite faces of the body.

Hydraulic Stress

It is the restoring force per unit area when the force is applied by a fluid like water on the body or object. Suppose, a ball made of rubber (which can be compressed) is dipped inside a river or sea, there is a force acting on the ball from all directions due to the pressure of the water. It results in the minor contraction of the ball. It is an example of hydraulic stress that you can include in the notes of mechanical properties of solids.

Strain and different Kinds of Strain

It is a measure of the deformation that can represent the displacement between particles in the body relative to a reference length.

Strain is dimensionless quantity. If a rubber object is stretched from both the sides, the change in length represents the strain.

Different Types of Strain are

Longitudinal Strain: It is the change in length to the original length of the body due to the applied longitudinal stress. It is a change in length divided by the original length.

Shearing Strain: It is the measure of the relative displacement of the opposite faces of the body due to the shearing stress. Shearing strain can be represented by tan Θ.

Volume Strain: It is the ratio of change in volume to the original volume as a result of the hydraulic stress. It is the change in volume divided by the initial or original volume.

Hooke’s Law

It is named after the scientist Robert Hooke. Hooke’s Law states that stress developed is directly proportional to the strain produced in an object, within elastic limit (if the object is elastic material). An object that can come back to the original shape is its elasticity. Therefore, hooke’s law applies to elastic objects. It doesn’t apply to the plasticity property of solids.

It can be, therefore, represented as Stress = k * Strain

Where k is the modulus of elasticity

Stress-Strain Curve

A curve drawn between stress and strain is called the stress-strain curve. When stress and stress are drawn along the y-axis and x-axis respectively, a linear graph is formed in the ideal situation of Hooke’s law. However, when actual experiments are drawn, a curve is formed known as the stress-strain curve as shown below.

Solid is one of the four crucial conditions of issue (the others being fluid, gas, and plasma). The atoms in a strong are firmly pressed together and contain minimal measure of active energy. A strong is portrayed by primary inflexibility and protection from a power applied to the surface. Not at all like a fluid, a strong article doesn't stream to assume the state of its holder, nor does it extend to fill the whole accessible volume like a gas. The particles in a strong are bound to one another, either in a customary mathematical cross-section (glasslike solids, which incorporate metals and standard ice), or unpredictably (an indistinct strong, for example, normal window glass). Solids can't be compacted with little strain through gases can be compacted with little tension in light of the fact that the particles in a gas are inexactly pressed.

The part of physical science that arranges with solids is called strong state physical science and is the fundamental part of dense matter physical science (which likewise incorporates fluids). Materials science is essentially worried about the physical and substance properties of solids. Strong state science is particularly worried about the combination of novel materials, just as the study of recognizable proof and substance arrangement.

Microscopic Description

The particles, atoms or particles that make up solids might be set up in a methodical rehashing design, or sporadically. Materials whose constituents are organised in a standard example are known as gems. Now and again, the customary request can proceed solidly over an enormous scope, for instance precious stones, where every jewel is a solitary gem. Strong items that are sufficiently huge to see and deal with are seldom made out of a solitary precious stone, however rather are made of countless single gems, known as crystallites, whose size can shift from a couple of nanometers to a few metres. Such materials are called polycrystalline. Practically all normal metals, and numerous ceramics, are polycrystalline.

In different materials, there is no long-range request in the place of the molecules. These solids are known as shapeless solids; models incorporate polystyrene and glass.

Regardless of whether a strong is glasslike or indistinct relies upon the material in question, and the conditions wherein it was shaped. Solids that are shaped by lethargic cooling will quite often be translucent, while solids that are frozen quickly are bound to be undefined. In like manner, the particular precious stone design embraced by a translucent strong relies upon the material in question and on how it was shaped.

While numerous normal items, for example, an ice solid shape or a coin, are artificially indistinguishable all through, numerous other normal materials include various substances stuffed together. For instance, an average stone is a total of a few unique minerals and mineraloids, with no particular substance piece. Wood is a characteristic natural material consisting essentially of cellulose filaments inserted in a network of natural lignin. In materials science, composites of beyond what one constituent material can be intended to have wanted properties.

Classes of Solids

The powers between the molecules in a strong can take an assortment of structures. For instance, a gem of sodium chloride (normal salt) is composed of ionic sodium and chlorine, which are held together by ionic bonds. In diamond or silicon, the iotas share electrons and structure covalent bonds. In metals, electrons are partaken in metallic bonding. Some solids, especially most natural mixtures, are held along with van der Waals powers coming about because of the polarisation of the electric charge cloud on every atom. The dissimilarities between the sorts of strong outcome from the contrasts between their holding.

The apex of New York's Chrysler Building, the world's tallest steel-upheld block building, is clad with treated steel.

Metals commonly are solid, thick, and great conduits of both power and hotness. The heft of the components in the intermittent table, those to one side of a corner to corner line attracted from boron to polonium, are metals. Combinations of at least two components in which the significant part is a metal are known as composites.

Individuals have been involving metals for an assortment of purposes since ancient occasions. The strength and dependability of metals has prompted their boundless use in development of structures and different designs, just as in many vehicles, numerous apparatuses and devices, pipes, street signs and railroad tracks. Iron and aluminium are the two most generally utilised primary metals. They are likewise the most bountiful metals in the Earth's covering. Iron is most generally utilised as a combination, steel, which contains up to 2.1% carbon, making it a lot harder than unadulterated iron.

Since metals are great conveyors of power, they are important in electrical apparatuses and for conveying an electric flow over significant distances with little energy misfortune or dissemination. Accordingly, electrical power matrices depend on metal links to convey power. Home electrical frameworks, for instance, are set up with copper for its great leading properties and simple machinability. The high warm conductivity of most metals additionally makes them helpful for burner cooking tools.

The investigation of metallic components and their compounds makes up a critical piece of the fields of strong state science, physical science, materials science and designing.

Metallic solids are held together by a high thickness of shared, delocalized electrons, known as "metallic holding". In a metal, particles promptly lose their peripheral ("valence") electrons, shaping positive particles. The free electrons are spread over the whole string, which is held together solidly by electrostatic cooperations between the particles and the electron cloud. The enormous number of free electrons provides metals with their high upsides of electrical and warm conductivity. The free electrons additionally forestall transmission of noticeable light, making metals hazy, sparkly and glistening.

Further developed models of metal properties consider the impact of the positive particle centres on the delocalised electrons. As most metals have translucent design, those particles are generally organised into an occasional cross section . Numerically, the capability of the particle centres can be treated by different models, the least difficult being the almost free electron model.

Minerals are normally happening solids framed through different land processes under high tensions. To be named a genuine mineral, a substance should have a precious stone construction with uniform actual properties all through. Minerals range in organisation from unadulterated components and basic salts to extremely complex silicates with a huge number of known structures. Interestingly, a stone example is an arbitrary total of minerals or potentially mineraloids, and has no particular substance organisation. By far most of the stones of the Earth's covering comprise of quartz (glasslike SiO 2 ), feldspar, mica, chlorite, kaolin, calcite, epidote, olivine, augite, hornblende, magnetite, hematite, limonite and a couple of different minerals. A few minerals, similar to quartz, mica or feldspar are normal, while others have been found in a couple of areas around the world. The biggest gathering of minerals by a long shot is the silicates (most shakes are ≥95% silicates), which are made to a great extent out of silicon and oxygen, with the expansion of particles of aluminium, magnesium, iron, calcium and different metals.

Si3N4 clay bearing parts

Clay solids are made out of inorganic mixtures, normally oxides of substance components. They are synthetically inactive, and frequently are fit for enduring compound disintegration that happens in an acidic or scathing climate. Earthenware production for the most part can endure high temperatures going from 1000 to 1600 °C (1800 to 3000 °F). Special cases incorporate non-oxide inorganic materials, like nitrides, borides and carbides.

Conventional artistic unrefined substances incorporate earth minerals, for example, kaolinite, later materials incorporate aluminium oxide (alumina). The cutting edge ceramic materials, which are named progressed earthenware production, incorporate silicon carbide and tungsten carbide. Both are esteemed for their scraped area opposition, and henceforth observe use in such applications as the wear plates of devastating hardware in mining activities.

Most clay materials, like alumina and its mixtures, are framed from fine powders, yielding a fine grained polycrystalline microstructure that is loaded up with light-dispersing focuses similar to the frequency of noticeable light. In this manner, they are for the most part hazy materials, rather than straightforward materials. Ongoing nanoscale (for example sol-gel) innovation has, notwithstanding, made conceivable the creation of polycrystalline straightforward ceramics, for example, straightforward alumina and alumina compounds for such applications as high-power lasers. Progressed earthenware production is likewise utilised in the medication, electrical and hardware enterprises.

Earthenware designing is the science and innovation of making strong state artistic materials, parts and gadgets. This is done either by the activity of hotness, or, at lower temperatures, utilising precipitation responses from compound arrangements. The term incorporates the decontamination of natural substances, the review and creation of the synthetic mixtures concerned, their development into parts, and the investigation of their design, synthesis and properties.

Precisely talking, clay materials are fragile, hard, solid in pressure and feeble in shearing and strain. Weak materials might display critical elasticity by supporting a static burden. Durability demonstrates how much energy a material can ingest before mechanical disappointment, while break strength (signified KIc ) depicts the capacity of a material with inborn microstructural defects to oppose crack by means of break development and proliferation. Assuming a material has an enormous worth of break strength, the essential standards of crack mechanics propose that it will probably go through malleable crack. Weak break is exceptionally normal for generally artistic and glass-ceramic materials that regularly display low (and conflicting) upsides of KIc.

For an illustration of uses of ceramics, the outrageous hardness of zirconia is used in the production of blade sharp edges, just as other modern cutting devices. Ceramics, for example, alumina, boron carbide and silicon carbide have been utilised in tactical armour carriers to repulse enormous type rifle shoot. Silicon nitride parts are utilised in clay metal rollers, where their high hardness makes them wear safe. As a general rule, earthenware production is synthetically safe and can be utilised in wet conditions where steel orientation would be helpless to oxidation (or rust).

As one more illustration of artistic applications, in the mid 1980s, Toyota investigated the creation of an adiabatic clay motor with a working temperature north of 6000 °F (3300 °C). Artistic motors don't need a cooling framework and subsequently permit a significant weight decrease and along these lines more prominent eco-friendliness. In a regular metallic motor, a large part of the energy let out of the fuel should be dispersed as waste hotness to forestall an emergency of the metallic parts. Work is additionally being done in creating artistic parts for gas turbine motors. Turbine motors made with ceramics could work all the more productively, giving aeroplanes more prominent reach and payload for a limited measure of fuel. Such motors are not underway, notwithstanding, in light of the fact that the assembling of clay parts in the adequate accuracy and toughness is troublesome and expensive. Handling strategies regularly bring about a wide conveyance of minute blemishes that often assume an inconvenient part in the sintering system, bringing about the multiplication of breaks, and extreme mechanical disappointment.

FAQs on Mechanical Properties of Solids

1. How Do We Find Notes of Mechanical Properties of Solids for Class 11?

Students can get well-explained notes for mechanical properties of solids for class 11 Physics through online platforms. Most trusted educational platforms are available on the internet for aspirants where they can understand all topics in the easiest manner. All the topics are covered well with simple examples which can be seen in day-to-day lives.

2. What are the Mechanical Properties of Solids Class 11?

The various properties exhibited by a solid object that include elasticity, plasticity, ductility and strength are the mechanical properties of solids class 11 Physics subject.

3. What is biofortification?

At the point when a material acts flexibly and shows a direct connection among anxiety, it is called straightly versatile material. For this situation, stress is straightforwardly corresponding to strain OR you can say that "for little deformity, stress is straightforwardly relative to strain". Accordingly, in straightforward terms, Hooke's law expresses that the strain in a strong is relative to the applied pressure inside the flexible furthest reaches of that strong. Understudies can allude to Chapter 9 of NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics while responding to the reading material inquiries to find out about the ideas. Both section savvy and exercise insightful arrangements are accessible which can be utilised by the understudies dependent on their requirements.

4. What is Strain and explain its types?

(i) Longitudinal strain: If the disfiguring power creates an adjustment of length alone, the strain delivered in the body is called longitudinal strain or malleable strain.

(ii) Volumetric strain: If the disfiguring power creates an adjustment of volume alone, the strain delivered in the body is called volumetric strain.

(iii) Shear strain: The point slant made in the body due digressive pressure communicated is called shear strain. It is given as:

The greatest pressure to which the body can recapture its unique status on the evacuation of the distorting power is called versatile cutoff.

5. What is the stress-strain curve?

Stress-strain bends are helpful to comprehend the rigidity of a given material.

The bend from O to An is straight. In this district, Hooke's Proportional breaking point law complies.

In the district from A to 6 anxiety is not. corresponding. In any case, the body recovers its unique aspect, when the heap is taken out.

Point B in the bend is yield point or versatile cutoff and the comparing pressure is known as the yield strength of the material.

The bend past B shows the district of plastic distortion.

Point D on the bend shows the rigidity of the material. Past this point, extra strain prompts a crack in the given material.

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Case Study Questions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 9 Mechanical
Case Study Questions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 9 Mechanical Properties of Solids Case Study Questions: Question 1: The graph shown below shows qualitatively the relation between the stress and the strain as the deformation gradually increases. Within Hooke's limit for a certain region stress and strain relation is linear. Beyond that up to a … Continue reading Case Study Questions for ...
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CBSE Case Study Questions Class 11 Physics Mechanical Properties of Solid Case Study - 1. The property of a body, by virtue of which it tends to regain its original size and shape when the applied force is removed, is known as elasticity and the deformation caused is known as elastic deformation. However, if you apply force to a lump of putty ...
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Case Study. (i) All three states of matter (i.e., solid, liquids and gases) have volume elasticity. (ii) When we stretch a wire, the work has been done against interatomic forces. This work is stored in the wire in the form of elastic potential energy. (iii) Elastic limit is the upper limit of deforming force upto which, if deforming force is ...
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Mechanical Properties of Solids 8.1 Introduction As we proceed along, we will see that the elastic properties of solids have twofold importance. Firstly, they indicate the mechanical strength of the solid. Secondly, they are very important in understanding the nature of the interatomic forces and in the analysis of lattice vibrations.
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QB365 provides a detailed and simple solution for every Possible Case Study Questions in Class 11 Physics Subject - Mechanical Properties of Solids, CBSE. It will help Students to get more practice questions, Students can Practice these question papers in addition to score best marks.
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8.1 Introduction. As we proceed along,we will see that the elastic properties of solids have twofold importance. Firstly,they indicate the mechanical strength of the solid. Secondly,they are very important in understanding the nature of the interatomic forces and in the analysis of lattice vibrations. When an elastic solid is stressed,it ...
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not? Answers to such questions begin with the study of how relatively simple kinds of loads or forces act to deform different solids bodies. In this chapter, we shall study the 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Stress and strain 8.3 Hooke's law 8.4 Stress-strain curve 8.5 Elastic moduli 8.6 Applications of elastic behaviour of materials Summary Points to ...
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NCERT Solutions Class 11 Physics Chapter 9 Mechanical Properties of Solids are important resources that help students understand the topics and prepare well for the exam. It is very important to make notes while studying each topic thoroughly. It is important to solve the questions from the textbook and get well-versed in the topics.
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Mechanical Properties Of Solids Class 11 Notes PDF ...
To refer to the Mechanical Properties Of Solids Class 11 notes, students can look through the given steps. Those important steps are: Open the Selfstudys website. Click the navigation bar, a drop down menu will appear. Select NCERT Books & Solutions from the given list. Click NCERT Notes from the given list.
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As a result, some of the mechanical properties of solids are as follows: Elasticity: When we stretch an object, it changes shape, and when we release it, it returns to its original shape. Or, to put it another way, it is the ability to return to its previous shape once an external force is eliminated. Spring is an example.
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The preparation of cement-based supplementary cementitious materials is an important method for the efficient use of iron tailings and the reduction in CO2 emissions. The aim of this study is to improve the reactivity of iron tailings by mixing them with steel slag, slag, and fly ash through orthogonal tests to solve the problem that iron tailings cannot be utilised on a large scale. The ...
Metals
Safe and efficient recycling of industrially generated machined chips is a high-priority technological issue. In this study, the effect of SiC particles (SiCp) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of SiCp/AZ91D composites is systematically analyzed, and the reinforcement mechanism of SiCp on composites is investigated. Different contents of SiCp/AZ91D composites are fabricated by ...
Modeling the Dynamics of the Separation Process of ...
The paper considers an approach to studying the influence of elastic properties of aerospace structures on their relative motion during separation. Based on the assumptions characteristic of the process under study, a model is developed that allows for a visual mechanical interpretation: the total motion is decomposed during separation into a portable motion (rotational and translational in ...

Case Study Questions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 9 Mechanical Properties of Solids

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