research paper topics on family law in india

20 family law research topics India

20 family law research topics India -Family law is an area of law that deals with issues that arise in families, such as marriage, divorce, adoption, and child custody. India has a rich history of family law, and there are a wide variety of research topics related to family law that can be explored. In this article, we will explore 20 family law related research topics in India.

1 . Child custody: This topic explores the various laws and regulations regarding child custody in India. It also looks at the challenges that parents face when trying to get custody of their children.

2. Divorce: This topic explores the various grounds for divorce in India, as well as the procedures for filing for divorce and the legal implications of divorce.

3. Domestic violence: This topic explores the various forms of domestic violence in India and the laws and regulations that are in place to protect victims.

4. Adoption: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to adoption in India, as well as the challenges that adoptive parents face.

5. Child support: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to child support in India, as well as the challenges that parents face when trying to get child support.

6. Property division: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to property division in India, particularly in the context of divorce.

7. Alimony: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to alimony in India, as well as the challenges that divorced individuals face when trying to get alimony.

8. Surrogacy: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to surrogacy in India, as well as the ethical and legal implications of surrogacy.

9. Same-sex marriage: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to same-sex marriage in India, as well as the social and cultural implications of same-sex marriage.

10. Inheritance: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to inheritance in India, particularly in the context of family disputes.

20 family law related research topics India

11. Child marriage: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to child marriage in India, as well as the social and cultural implications of child marriage.

12. Maintenance: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to maintenance in India, particularly in the context of divorce.

13. Joint custody: This topic explores the concept of joint custody in India and the challenges that parents face when trying to obtain joint custody of their children.

14. Women’s rights: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to women’s rights in India, particularly in the context of family law.

15. Muslim family law: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to Muslim family law in India, particularly in the context of marriage and divorce.

16. Hindu family law: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to Hindu family law in India, particularly in the context of marriage and divorce.

17. International child abduction: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to international child abduction in India, as well as the challenges that parents face when trying to get their children back from abroad.

18. Child trafficking: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to child trafficking in India, as well as the challenges that authorities face when trying to combat child trafficking.

19. Child labour: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to child labour in India, as well as the challenges that authorities face when trying to combat child labour.

20. Juvenile justice: This topic explores the various laws and regulations related to juvenile justice in India, particularly in the context of family disputes.

family law is a complex area of law that deals with a wide range of issues related to families. There are a variety of research topics related to family law in India that can be explored, ranging from child custody and divorce to surrogacy and same-sex

Rewriting the Family Code: The Dynamic Evolution of Family Laws in India

Implication and reason for changes in family law in past 20 years., by Riya Bhatnagar This article covers notable changes in laws related to marriage and divorce along with case laws, focusing on the areas like the legal marriage age and the decriminalization of adultery. Certain developments that took place in child custody, visitation, and support laws, along with the recognition of LGBTQ+ rights are also explored in this article. It also covers examination of mediation and alternative dispute resolution methods that underscores their role in promoting collaboration and reducing adversarial legal proceedings. Overall, this article provides a comprehensive understanding of the implications and rationales behind the evolving landscape of family law in India. [1]
The changes to Family Law in past 20 years: a review of important reasons and implications, by The Legal State- This article offers a comprehensive analysis of evolution of family laws in India, focusing on key areas like marriage, divorce, inheritance, and gender equality. Legal amendments leading to increase in minimum marriage age for girls and issues like triple talaq and adultery are also highlighted in this article. It also reflects on shifting societal norms and pursuit of gender equality along with some landmark cases. It highlights the importance of these legal amendments that helps promote equality and fairness within Indian family structures. Despite these strides, the article also points to contemporary challenges, emphasizing the requirement for continuous legislative action to eliminate discrimination and promote awareness of women's rights. [2]
Critical Analysis: Major Changes in Family Law over the Years in India by Prachiti Suresh Shinde provides an insightful analysis of the evolution of Family law in India, which majorly focuses on certain religious communities and their respective personal laws. The article covers a wide range of topics like marriage, divorce, maintenance, and inheritance that sheds light on how these laws have adapted to changes in society and gender dynamics. It critically assesses the progress made in achieving gender equality and highlights the need for further awareness and reforms. It outlines the importance of legal provisions in addressing discrimination and promoting women's rights within the family structure in India.[3]
Reviewing The Major Changes of Family Law in The Last 50 Years: A Case Study of India, by Reva Gupta- The article explores the evolution of Family law in India over the past 50 years focusing on various aspects like marriage, dowry, guardianship, etc It provides an interrelation between family laws and religions where different communities follow their own personal laws and how they are taken into consideration and updated through parliamentary legislation. It highlights the non-implementation of the uniform civil code throughout the country. It highlights the importance of family laws for defining rights and responsibilities in personal relationships, emphasising individual rights and human dignity. It provides a historical overview highlighting regional differences and British era legal reforms and the need for enactment of certain family laws post-independence for addressing specific community needs. It highlights the constitutional commitment to gender equality and notes challenges due to religious traditions or customs. It focuses on cases like Shah Bano and Triple Talaq ruling. It also provides a brief overview regarding Uniform Civil Code and its impact on family laws.[4]
Ishika's analysis explores the transformation of family law in India over the past two decades, primarily driven by the need for gender equality. The article outlines how societal perceptions have evolved from viewing interacts marriages as wrong and same sex marriages as criminal to more inclusive legal provisions that emphasize equal rights. Certain landmark cases are discussed including Changuna vs Virendra Kumar Singh Kushwaha that deals with recognition of live in relationships, challenging marriage customs and the famous Vineeta Sharma vs Rakesh Sharma case that affirmed daughters' inheritance rights by means of Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act 2005. It also addresses issues related to maintenance, adoption, and guardianship by discussing certain cases like Roxann Sharma vs Arun Sharma that clarified child custody during divorce proceedings, prioritising the child's wellbeing. It addresses certain other issues regarding same sex marriages and transgender rights. the article emphasises the ongoing need to align family law with modern values and constitutional principles for India's betterment.[5]
Family law reforms in India: Critical appraisal, by Dr. Seema Sharma- This article delves into the subject of family law reforms in India, focusing on the evolution of these laws and their impact on gender equality. The introduction of the paper highlights the critical role of law in shaping society and acknowledges the need for proper application and interpretation of laws to achieve progress. It emphasizes the constitutional provisions for gender equality and the numerous laws passed to uphold the dignity of different genders. The historical perspective section briefly covers the status of women in ancient India, from Vedic times when women enjoyed respect and equality to later periods marked by declining status and social issues like Sati, child marriage, and domestic violence. It also discusses family law reforms during the British rule, including acts like the Hindu Widow Remarriage Act and the Child Marriage Restraint Act. It also mentions post-independence legal changes, with a focus on the Constitution's role in promoting gender justice. The nature of marriage, divorce, maintenance, and inheritance laws in India is analyzed, highlighting variations in different personal laws and their impact on gender equality. Lastly, the paper emphasizes the need for collective efforts to bring about meaningful change in society regarding gender equality. It underscores the role of the judiciary, community organizations, legislators, and the state in promoting legal reforms and social transformation. It suggests measures such as educating society, organizing legal-aid camps, establishing forums for effective law implementation, and moving away from religious appeasement policies to bridge the gender equality gap.[6]
This article provides a historical overview of the development of personal laws in India, spanning from the Hindu and Muslim eras to the British colonial period and post-independence India. It offers valuable insights into the evolution of personal laws. It includes an assessment on personal laws, religious legal systems, and legal reforms in India. It majorly emphasizes the historical aspects of personal laws, their impact on various religious communities, and their implications for issues such as social justice and gender equality in detail. It outlines certain legal provisions which helped bring major changes in the society.
Gender Equality and Family Law: Further research is required to assess the practical effectiveness of legal reforms aimed at promoting gender equality within Indian families.
Intersectionality of Personal Laws: A fruitful area of study could be exploring the intersection of personal laws and their impact on individuals from diverse religious or cultural backgrounds.
Uniform Civil Code (UCC): There is a requirement for deeper examination on the contemporary debate over the UCC's implementation, considering its legal, cultural, and social implications.
Family Law Awareness and Access: Proper Research helps analyse the level of awareness and access to family laws, particularly in rural areas, to identify barriers and propose solutions.
Impact of Recent Legal Landmarks: It is essential to investigate the social and familial consequences of recent legal changes, such as the decriminalization of adultery and LGBTQ+ rights recognition, etc.
Mediation and ADR: There is a need for in-depth research on the effectiveness of mediation and alternative dispute resolution methods in family conflicts.
Comparative Analysis: Comparative studies with other countries can provide a broader perspective on family law evolution.
Cultural and Societal Norms: Understanding how cultural and societal norms influence family law interpretation and application is crucial. Research in this area can help bridge gaps in understanding.
Give an overall idea overview of the chained, gradual historic evolution of family laws in India.
Examine the impact of family laws on gender dynamics and the pursuit of gender equality.
Examine present challenges in family law and their socio-legal implications.
Examine the effectiveness and the extent of implementation of recent family law reforms in promoting fair and equitable justice.
What is the evolution pattern shown by family laws in INDIA, and what factors are responsible for these changes?
What is the extent of implementation of recent family law reforms in India that have contributed to greater gender equality within family structures?
What is the socio-legal impact of contemporary changes in family law in India?
What is the best method of implementation of family law reforms to promote fair and equitable justice, and the protection of individual rights within the Indian context?
Shah Bano Case (1985): A significant case that raised critical questions about maintenance rights for Muslim women, prompting significant legal reforms aimed at promoting gender equality. The supreme court in this case made it clear that Triple Talaq cannot be used to deny a divorced Muslim woman the right to support herself and her children if she is unable to do so at the time of her husband's disapproval or divorce as per section 125 of The Code of Criminal Procedure [7]
Triple Talaq Ruling (2017): A pivotal judgment by the Supreme Court addressing the practice of instant divorce among Muslims and highlighting the need for progressive legal measures. Triple Talaq was held against law and was unconstitutional.[8]
Vineeta Sharma vs. Rakesh Sharma (2020): A critical case that affirmed daughters' inheritance rights, majorly due to the retrospective effect of the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005, promoting gender equity within familial property matters. The Supreme Court ruled in this case that women are entitled to coparcenary rights from the moment they are born.[9]
Danamma vs. Amar Singh (2018): This case clarified the rights of female coparceners in Hindu ancestral property, emphasizing gender equality in inheritance.[10]
Joseph Shine vs. Union of India (2018): In this case, the Supreme Court decriminalized adultery, modernizing legal perspectives on marriage and divorce. The Supreme Court struck down section 497 of The Indian Penal Code which criminalizes adultery, as unconstitutional and made it as a ground for civil wrongs only.[11]
Navtej Singh Johar vs. Union of India (2018): A landmark case that decriminalized homosexuality, affecting family laws by promoting inclusivity and LGBTQ+ rights. It held section 377 of Indian Penal Code to be unconstitutional. [12]
Bhatnagar, R. (2023) Implication & Reason for changes in family law in past 20 years. - legal Vidhya, Legal Vidhiya -. Available at: https://legalvidhiya.com/implication-reason-for-changes-in-family-law-in-past-20-years/
The Legal State (2021) The changes to family law in past 20 years: A review of important reasons and implications, The Legal State. Available at: https://lawsuperior.com/the-changes-to-family-law-in-past-20-years/
Shinde, P.S. (no date) Critical analysis: Major changes in family law over the years in India, Lube. Available at: https://ylcube.com/c/blogs/critical-analysis-major-changes-family-law-over-years-india/
Gupta, R. (2021) Reviewing the major changes of family law in the last 50 years: A case study of India, Judicate Me. Available at: https://judicateme.com/reviewing-the-major-changes-of-family-law-in-the-last-50-years-a-case-study-of-india/
Ishika (no date) An analysis on the changes to family law in the past 20 Years, Scribd. Available at: https://www.scribd.com/document/637588462/An-analysis-on-the-changes-to-Family-law-in-the-past-20-years
Sharma, Dr. (2018) 'Family law reforms in India- Critical appraisal', IJCRT, 6(1).
Shah Bano Case (1985): Shah Bano v. Mohd. Ahmed Khan, AIR 1985 SC 945
Triple Talaq Ruling (2017): Shaara Bano v. Union of India and Others, (2017) 9 SCC 1
Vineeta Sharma vs. Rakesh Sharma (2020): Vineeta Sharma v. Rakesh Sharma, (2020) 3 SCC 353.
Annamma vs. Amar Singh (2018): Annamma @ Suman Surpur & Anr. v. Amar, (2018) 3 SCC 343.
Joseph Shine vs. Union of India (2018): Joseph Shine v. Union of India, (2018) 10 SCC 1.
Navtej Singh Johar vs. Union of India (2018): Navtej Singh Johar and Ors. v. Union of India, (2018) 10 SCC 1.

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research paper topics on family law in india

20 Jul 2023
3 mins read

Model Code on Indian Family Law, 2023

The Model Code, along with the accompanying commentary, provides the first glimpse of what a comprehensive, gender-just, and inclusive family law regime in modern India could look like.

In November, 2022 the Supreme Court of India started hearing the marriage equality matter to decide whether same sex/gender persons have a fundamental right to marry. While the issue before the Court was in relation to marriage, the hearings reveal that a recognition of a right to marry has to be accompanied by reform of family laws to make them inclusive of persons of all sexual orientations and gender identities. This is because family laws in India operate on the presumption that everyone is heterosexual and identifies within the binary of male or female gender. Consequently, a commitment to equality demands that the concept of family is expanded beyond the heterosexual marital unit.

Subsequently, in June of 2023, the 22nd Law Commission of India (‘LCI’) issued a public notice to solicit views on a Uniform Civil Code (‘UCC’). A large-scale rewriting of Indian family law has been the long-standing demand of the proponents of the UCC. The LCI’s announcement was met with a variety of responses. While some supported the idea of the UCC in principle, others argued that it would serve as a vehicle for erasing the cultural identities and rights of religious minorities and indigenous communities. Some opined that the decision to support or reject a UCC would boil down to its contents. In July, a draft UCC was submitted by the Uttarakhand UCC Committee to the State Government for consideration. It has been alluded that this draft may serve as a template for a nation-wide UCC. The contents of the draft Uttarakhand UCC are yet to be made public.

These recent developments demonstrate the importance for stakeholders to critically engage with the future of family laws in India. Despite the constitutional vision of equality, liberty and dignity, family laws in India continue to discriminate on the basis of sex, exclude queer persons, and fail to account for the plurality of family arrangements outside the heterosexual marital unit. Consequently, it is an opportune time to push for a progressive and inclusive family law code. A progressive family law reform exercise is not just necessary for queer inclusion and ending sex-based discrimination but to expand the concept of the family beyond its present understanding of family being defined by only blood, marriage and adoption. Such an exercise must be informed by constitutional principles, must recognise the plurality of families prevalent in India as well as their evolving nature, while being cognisant of the country’s social context.

A Draft Family Law Code

In response to the marriage equality matter and the proposal for a UCC, the Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy (‘Vidhi’) has released a comprehensive and inclusive draft family law code (‘draft code’) for discussion and public consultation. This draft code is the first version of what a progressive, gender-just and inclusive family law code can look like. Such a draft code does not propose to serve as a majoritarian UCC and is instead informed by constitutional principles of equality, dignity and liberty. It provides for inclusion of persons of all gender identities and sexual orientations, does away with provisions that discriminate on the basis of sex, affirmatively protects rights of vulnerable parties in a family, and extends legal recognition to the plurality of family structures prevalent in India. The draft provides for legal recognition and regulation across three areas of family law: adult unions, parent-child relations, and succession. If you would like to participate in discussion and public consultations or have any other clarification of feedback on this draft code, please write to us here .

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About the authors.

Ayushi is a Research Fellow in the Criminal Justice Reforms team at Vidhi. Prior to joining Vidhi, Ayushi worked at Nirma University as an Assistant Professor and National Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar as a Teaching and Research Associate. She has also worked with the Logistic Division, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, and advised on issues related to Maritime Regulatory Framework. Ayushi graduated from Rajiv Gandhi National University of Law, Punjab (RGNUL) in 2018 with a BA., LL. B (Hons.) and obtained her LLM degree in Constitutional and Administrative Laws from the Indian Law Institute, Delhi in 2019. She is currently pursuing her doctoral studies at National Law Institute University, Bhopal (NLIU) where her research is focused on violence against sexual minorities.

Kartavi is a research fellow working with the Legal Design and Regulation Team. She completed her B.Sc. LLB (Intellectual Property Hons.) from National Law University Jodhpur in 2018 and obtained her LLM degree from National University of Singapore in 2022. Prior to joining Vidhi, she also worked as a Legal Researcher at the Delhi High Court where she worked on matters ranging from service law and IPR disputes to constitutional law. Her research interests lie in the areas of access to justice, technology policy and digital divide, climate change policy and education. Kartavi also enjoys theatre, cinema and asian literature.

Mayuri is a Milon K Banerji Research Fellow at Charkha, Vidhi’s Constitutional Law Centre. Currently, she is pursuing a Ph.D from Gujarat National Law University. She obtained her LL.M in Constitutional and Administrative law from Gujarat National Law University in 2017 with a R B Mehta Gold Medal. She graduated with a B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) from Amity Law School, Lucknow in 2016. Her area of interest includes constitutional law with current research focus on areas of federalism and local government. She regularly writes research papers for various journals, national & international seminars, conferences, etc. Prior to joining Vidhi, she worked as an Assistant Professor of Law.

Rakshita is a Research Fellow with the Legal Design and Regulation team. Rakshita graduated from National Law University, Jodhpur with a B.A., LL.B. (Hons.). Prior to joining Vidhi, she has worked at the Centre for Policy Research and PRS Legislative Research. Her research areas have involved federal water governance, and health, technology and environment laws. She is broadly interested in understanding the social, political and economic contexts behind the law and how systems can be designed to better fit these contexts.

Aditya is currently a Senior Resident Fellow in the Research Director's Office at the Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy. He graduated from the NLSIU Bangalore in 2021 with a BA LLB (Hons). His areas of interest include constitutional law, civil procedure, and dispute resolution. He has academic publications on constitutional law, legislative drafting, and arbitration law in journals such as Statute Law Review and Arbitration International. At Vidhi, he has been providing legislative drafting assistance to various Ministries, Departments, and Authorities of the Central Government and various State Governments.

Namrata is a Senior Resident Fellow in the Legal Design and Regulation Vertical at Vidhi. She primarily handles engaged and commissioned projects from various ministries, statutory authorities and regulators by providing legal research and legislative drafting support. At Vidhi, she has worked with the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the Ministry of Women and Child Development and the Department of Consumer Affairs. Namrata also works extensively on queer rights and has initiated and worked on numerous projects on rights of gender and sexual minorities. She has written for the Hindu, the Firstpost, the Economic Times, the Leaflet, Article 14, Indian Express and Varta GenSex Policy Matters. Prior to Vidhi, Namrata taught at the Jindal Global Law School and the West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences (‘NUJS’), worked with the Migration and Asylum Project on labour laws and policy, the Centre for Popular Democracy in New York City, and the Public Law and Vidhi Aid verticals at Vidhi. She has a BA/LLB from NUJS and a LLM from Columbia Law which she attended in the capacity of a Human Rights Fellow

Swapnil Tripathi is a DPhil candidate at the Faculty of Law, University of Oxford

Anuradha Bhattacharya worked as a Project Fellow in Vidhi's Corporate Law and Financial Regulation team.

Aakanksha was a Project Fellow at Vidhi Delhi. She is currently working on a project with the Law, Finance & Development Team, where she provides legal research and drafting support at various stages of law-making. Aakanksha works on a variety of legal and regulatory matters and allied issues in public policy. Prior to joining Vidhi, Aakanksha worked at J. Sagar Associates, Gurgaon in the General Corporate and Mergers & Acquisitions Team. She has extensively worked in employment and corporate advisory during her time at J. Sagar Associates. She has also been involved in various reported transactions. Aakanksha graduated from the Jindal Global Law School in 2019 with a B.A., LL.B. (Hons.) and obtained her LL.M. degree in International Labour Law & Employment Relations from Tilburg University, the Netherlands in 2022. She is very passionate about rights of employees engaged in the informal sector of the country

Ritwika is a Senior Resident Fellow and Lead at Charkha, Vidhi’s Constitutional Law Centre. Her current research is focused on comparative federalism, local governments, and electoral reforms. From 2014-17, Ritwika was a Research Fellow in the Public Law vertical at Vidhi. She advised several departments and regulatory authorities under the Government of India, on questions concerning constitutional validity of proposed legislation, legislative competence of the Union and states, and contours of the powers and functions of regulators. Ritwika also assisted the Union of India in preparing its written submissions in the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) Case. Between 2019-2020, Ritwika worked as a Research Associate at DAKSH, Bengaluru. She obtained her LL.M. from the University of Cambridge in 2018. She graduated with a B.A. LL.B. (Hons.)) from the Indraprastha University, Delhi in 2013, and the LL.M. from the NALSAR University of Law, Hyderabad in 2014. Ritwika is the co-editor of “Appointment of Judges to the Supreme Court of India: Transparency, Accountability and Independence” (Oxford University Press, 2018), a volume of essays addressing the politics, doctrine, and crucial developments pertaining to judicial appointments in India.

Arghya is the Founder and Research Director at Vidhi. His areas of specialisation are constitutional law and regulation of the digital economy. He has served on a number of government committees including the B.N. Srikrishna-led committee of experts on a data protection framework for India. Arghya has a number of academic publications on the Supreme Court and the Constitution in leading law journals such as Law Quarterly Review and Public Law. He is also a columnist at The Telegraph and The Times of India. He has most recently authored a book “Independence and Accountability of the Indian Higher Judiciary” (Cambridge, 2019) which builds on his doctoral work at Oxford University. Prior to founding Vidhi, he was at Oxford as a Lecturer in Administrative Law at Pembroke College.

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Family Law Research Paper Topics

This page explores family law research paper topics , designed to assist law students in their academic pursuits. It provides a comprehensive list of topics divided into 10 categories, each containing 10 subject ideas, along with an insightful article on family law and its research paper possibilities. Additionally, readers will find guidance on selecting appropriate research topics, essential tips for crafting exceptional papers, and information about iResearchNet’s custom writing services.

100 Family Law Research Paper Topics

In the realm of family law, the breadth of topics is as diverse as the intricacies of familial relationships themselves. From the dissolution of marriages and custody battles to the protection of vulnerable family members, family law encompasses a wide range of legal issues that are vital to the fabric of society. For students pursuing legal studies, delving into family law research paper topics presents an opportunity to explore the complexities of human connections and the evolving nature of family dynamics. In this comprehensive section, we present a curated list of family law research paper topics, organized into ten categories, each offering ten unique and thought-provoking subjects. Whether you are a law student seeking inspiration for your research or a curious mind eager to understand the intricate facets of family law, this collection promises to illuminate the vast landscape of this compelling legal discipline.

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Marriage and Divorce:

The impact of no-fault divorce on the institution of marriage.
Analyzing the rise of gray divorce and its social implications.
Legal challenges and remedies for enforcing prenuptial agreements.
A comparative study of marriage and divorce laws in different jurisdictions.
The role of religious law in divorce proceedings and its interaction with state law.
The impact of cohabitation on marriage laws and rights.
Exploring the concept of legal separation as an alternative to divorce.
The effects of social media on divorce proceedings and evidence gathering.
Analyzing the division of property and assets in high-net-worth divorces.
The role of family counseling and therapy in divorce cases.

Child Custody and Support:

Exploring the best interests of the child standard in child custody cases.
The influence of gender stereotypes in child custody determinations.
Assessing the effectiveness of child support enforcement mechanisms.
The legal rights and challenges faced by non-biological parents in custody battles.
The impact of parental relocation on child custody arrangements.
Analyzing the role of child custody evaluations in court proceedings.
The effects of parental alienation on child custody and visitation rights.
The role of grandparents’ rights in child custody disputes.
Examining the rights of unmarried fathers in child custody cases.
The impact of substance abuse on parental rights and child custody.

Domestic Violence and Protection Orders:

Analyzing the role of law enforcement in responding to domestic violence incidents.
The effectiveness of restraining orders in preventing domestic abuse.
The intersection of family law and criminal law in cases of domestic violence.
The role of community resources in supporting victims of domestic violence.
The impact of domestic violence on child custody determinations.
Analyzing the correlation between substance abuse and domestic violence.
The role of mandatory reporting laws in domestic violence cases.
The impact of technology on domestic violence and cyberstalking.
Examining the rights of same-sex couples in domestic violence cases.
The role of restorative justice in addressing domestic violence.

Adoption and Surrogacy:

The legal complexities of international adoption and its impact on the adoptive family.
The ethical and legal implications of commercial surrogacy arrangements.
The challenges faced by LGBTQ+ individuals in the adoption process.
Analyzing the rights and responsibilities of biological and adoptive parents.
The evolving legal landscape of surrogacy in modern society.
The impact of open adoption on birth parents, adoptive parents, and the child.
The role of adoption agencies and facilitators in the adoption process.
Exploring the rights of adoptees to access their birth records.
The legal and ethical considerations of international surrogacy arrangements.
The impact of adoption subsidies and financial incentives on adoption rates.

Same-Sex Marriage and LGBTQ+ Rights:

The journey towards marriage equality and its impact on LGBTQ+ families.
Legal challenges faced by same-sex couples in adopting children.
The protection of LGBTQ+ rights in the context of religious freedom.
Analyzing the impact of legal recognition on same-sex relationships and families.
A comparative study of LGBTQ+ rights and protections in different countries.
The role of family law in recognizing non-binary and gender nonconforming individuals.
Examining the rights of LGBTQ+ individuals in assisted reproductive technologies.
The impact of conversion therapy bans on LGBTQ+ youth and families.
The legal implications of discrimination based on sexual orientation in family law.
Exploring the rights of LGBTQ+ individuals in elder care and end-of-life decisions.

Child Protection and Welfare:

The role of child protective services in safeguarding children’s well-being.
The legal and ethical implications of removing children from their homes.
Analyzing the effectiveness of family preservation programs in child welfare.
The intersection of family law and child protection in cases of neglect and abuse.
Examining the rights of children in foster care and group homes.
The impact of the opioid epidemic on child welfare and custody cases.
The role of the juvenile justice system in addressing child maltreatment.
The rights of immigrant and refugee children in child protection proceedings.
The impact of social and economic factors on child welfare outcomes.

Elder Law and Aging:

The legal and ethical implications of elder abuse and neglect.
The role of legal guardianship and conservatorship in protecting vulnerable adults.
Analyzing the impact of healthcare decision-making laws on aging populations.
The challenges of providing long-term care and support for aging adults.
The impact of age discrimination laws on employment and retirement.
Examining the rights of LGBTQ+ seniors and their access to legal protections.
The role of advanced directives and living wills in end-of-life decisions.
The legal rights and challenges faced by aging adults in family disputes.
The impact of housing laws and policies on the elderly population.
Analyzing the intersection of family law and elder law in inheritance and estate planning.

International Family Law:

The challenges of cross-border marriages and divorce proceedings.
Analyzing the role of international treaties and conventions in family law cases.
The legal and cultural complexities of international child abduction cases.
The impact of immigration laws on family reunification and separation.
Examining the recognition and enforcement of foreign family law judgments.
The role of international adoption laws and policies in protecting children’s rights.
Analyzing the legal challenges faced by binational and multicultural families.
The impact of international surrogacy arrangements on parentage and citizenship.
The role of international organizations in promoting family law harmonization.
Exploring the jurisdictional conflicts in international family law disputes.

Mediation and Alternative Dispute Resolution:

The role of mediation in resolving family law disputes and promoting cooperation.
Analyzing the effectiveness of alternative dispute resolution methods in divorce cases.
The impact of court-ordered mediation on family law proceedings.
The role of family law attorneys as mediators in conflict resolution.
Examining the rights and autonomy of parties in family law mediation.
The use of collaborative law in addressing complex family law matters.
Analyzing the cultural and ethical considerations in family law mediation.
The impact of online mediation platforms on access to justice in family law.
The challenges and benefits of enforcing mediated agreements in family law cases.
Exploring the role of restorative justice principles in family law disputes.

Family Law and Social Justice:

Analyzing the intersectionality of family law with race, gender, and socioeconomic status.
The impact of family law policies on marginalized and vulnerable populations.
Examining the rights of immigrant families and access to legal protections.
The role of family law in addressing the needs of individuals with disabilities.
The impact of family law reforms on social and economic inequality.
Analyzing the role of family law in addressing domestic violence and trauma.
The challenges and opportunities of culturally competent family law practice.
The impact of family law on indigenous and tribal communities.
The role of family law in promoting gender equality and women’s rights.
Exploring the potential for transformative family law reforms to advance social justice.

As we conclude our comprehensive list of family law research paper topics, we hope to have sparked your curiosity and ignited a passion for exploring the legal complexities that govern familial relationships. Family law plays a pivotal role in shaping the lives of individuals and families, and research in this field has the power to drive transformative change and improve the lives of countless individuals. Whether you choose to explore the nuances of child custody battles, delve into the ethical considerations of adoption and surrogacy, or analyze the impact of family law on social justice, your research endeavors will contribute to a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities faced by families in today’s society. As you embark on your journey of exploration, remember that each topic in family law offers a gateway to insights, empathy, and a profound understanding of the human experience. We encourage you to select a topic that resonates with your interests and values, and embark on a research journey that has the potential to leave a lasting impact on the lives of individuals and families alike.

Family Law: Exploring the Range of Research Paper Topics

Family law, a fundamental branch of legal practice, holds paramount importance in society as it governs the intricate relationships and dynamics within families. It deals with a myriad of legal issues that arise from marriages, divorces, child custody, adoption, domestic violence, and more. Family law is deeply intertwined with the human experience, shaping the lives of individuals and families alike. In this article, we will delve into the significance of family law and explore the vast range of research paper topics it encompasses.

The Significance of Family Law

Family law plays an indispensable role in the legal system, seeking to protect the rights and interests of individuals within the context of family relationships. One of the primary focuses of family law is marriage, where it plays a crucial role in regulating the formal union between two individuals and outlining their rights and obligations as spouses. Additionally, family law is instrumental in handling divorce cases, addressing the legal dissolution of marriages, division of assets, alimony, and child custody arrangements. By providing a legal framework for these sensitive matters, family law aims to mitigate conflicts and ensure fair outcomes for all parties involved.

Another vital aspect of family law is child custody and support, which aims to safeguard the best interests of children during and after divorce or separation. Determining custody arrangements and establishing child support payments can be emotionally charged and complex, necessitating the involvement of legal professionals to ensure the welfare of the children.

Moreover, family law encompasses the realm of adoption, offering guidance on the legal process of establishing parental rights for adoptive parents and ensuring the well-being of adopted children. Adoption presents an array of legal and ethical considerations, making it a compelling area of research within family law.

The complexities of family law extend to addressing instances of domestic violence and abuse. Legal interventions such as restraining orders and protective measures aim to safeguard victims and provide them with the necessary support and protection from abusive situations.

Exploring Research Paper Topics in Family Law

The wide-ranging scope of family law provides a plethora of research opportunities for law students and scholars alike. Research in family law can delve into various thought-provoking topics, such as the impact of no-fault divorce laws on family dynamics, the legal complexities of surrogacy agreements, or the role of mediation in resolving family law disputes. Scholars can also examine the evolving nature of family structures, the protection of LGBTQ+ rights within the context of family law, or the legal measures in place to protect minors from early and forced marriages.

Family law research extends beyond legal boundaries and intersects with other areas, allowing for interdisciplinary exploration. Researchers can investigate how family law intersects with immigration law in cases involving international adoption or divorce, or how criminal law is involved in cases of domestic violence.

The Evolving Nature of Family Law

Family law is an ever-evolving field, reflecting changing societal norms, values, and legal precedents. As new challenges emerge, such as advancements in reproductive technologies and evolving definitions of family structures, family law continually adapts to address these issues.

Additionally, cultural, social, and economic factors significantly influence family law. Variations in legal systems across different countries and regions present unique research opportunities to compare and contrast family law practices worldwide.

Family law stands as a critical pillar of the legal system, touching upon the most intimate aspects of individuals’ lives. The diverse range of research paper topics within family law provides students and researchers with the opportunity to delve into complex legal, ethical, and social issues. From examining the evolving nature of family structures to addressing the challenges of child custody and domestic violence, family law research contributes to the betterment of families and society as a whole. As students and scholars embark on their research journeys in family law, they have the potential to unravel the intricacies of human relationships and make meaningful contributions to the field of law and beyond.

How to Choose Family Law Research Paper Topics

Selecting an engaging and relevant research paper topic is crucial for a successful exploration of family law. With its vast scope and ever-evolving nature, family law offers a plethora of fascinating subjects to explore. However, the abundance of options can sometimes be overwhelming. In this section, we will provide valuable insights and tips to help you navigate the process of choosing the perfect family law research paper topic that aligns with your interests and academic goals.

Identify Your Interests : Begin by identifying areas of family law that genuinely interest you. Reflect on the topics covered in your coursework, discussions, or previous research. Is there a particular aspect of family law that sparked your curiosity? Choosing a topic that aligns with your passions will not only make the research process enjoyable but also result in a more compelling and insightful paper.
Stay Updated on Current Issues : Family law is a dynamic field that responds to societal changes and emerging issues. Stay updated on current developments, recent court decisions, and legislative changes related to family law. Exploring contemporary issues in your research paper can add relevance and significance to your work.
Review Existing Literature : Before finalizing your research topic, conduct a thorough review of existing literature in family law. Familiarize yourself with key theories, landmark cases, and scholarly publications. This step will not only help you gain insights into potential research gaps but also assist you in formulating a unique perspective for your paper.
Narrow Down Your Focus : With the abundance of topics in family law, narrowing down your focus is essential. Consider the scope of your research and the resources available for your study. A well-defined and focused research question will enable you to delve deeper into the subject matter and produce a more coherent and impactful paper.
Consider Interdisciplinary Approaches : Family law intersects with various other fields, such as sociology, psychology, economics, and public policy. Consider adopting an interdisciplinary approach to your research, as this can enrich your analysis and provide a comprehensive understanding of complex family law issues.
Consult with Professors and Experts : If you find yourself undecided about a research topic, don’t hesitate to seek guidance from your professors or experts in family law. They can offer valuable insights and suggest potential research directions based on their expertise.
Research Ethical Considerations : When selecting a family law research topic, be mindful of ethical considerations, especially when dealing with sensitive issues such as child custody, adoption, or domestic violence. Ensure that your research respects the privacy and dignity of individuals involved in the subject matter.
Balance Originality and Feasibility : While it is essential to choose a unique and original research topic, consider the feasibility of conducting research within your available resources and timeframe. Striking a balance between originality and practicality is key to a successful research paper.
Explore Comparative Family Law : Comparative family law offers an exciting avenue for research, allowing you to analyze family law practices across different jurisdictions and cultures. Exploring the similarities and differences in family law systems can lead to valuable insights and a broader understanding of the field.
Seek Inspiration from Case Studies : Case studies can serve as excellent sources of inspiration for your research paper topics. Analyzing specific legal cases and their implications can provide a real-world context for your research and add depth to your analysis.

In conclusion, choosing a family law research paper topic requires thoughtful consideration and exploration of your interests, current issues, and existing literature. By narrowing down your focus, adopting an interdisciplinary approach, and seeking guidance from experts, you can select a compelling and relevant topic that contributes to the dynamic and ever-evolving field of family law. Remember that a well-chosen research topic is the foundation of a successful research paper, paving the way for a rewarding and enriching academic journey.

iResearchNet’s Custom Research Paper Writing Services

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NLUJ | National Seminar on ‘Revisiting the current regime of family law in India’ [Submit abstracts March 15, 2022]

NLU Jodhpur is organizing a National Seminar on ‘Revisiting the current regime of family law in India’, scheduled to be held on

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NLU Jodhpur is organizing a National Seminar on ‘Revisiting the current regime of family law in India’, scheduled to be held on April 20 and 21, 2022, online. Eligible candidates are requested to submit their abstracts by March 15, 2022.

About the University

National Law University-Jodhpur (NLUJ) is one of India’s leading Law Schools; established in 1999, it has endeavored to produce exceptional lawyers and legal scholars. Students passing out from NLUJ work in top law firms in India and abroad, some practice in courts, and some have entered the field of legal academics. The law school is committed towards the advancement of knowledge and learning and is striving to become a centre for excellence in legal studies.

About the Event

Family law plays a crucial role in nearly every aspect of our lives. The past few decades have witnessed myriad changes in the realm of family law in India. These changes have been triggered by transitioning notions of equality, liberty, and justice. Stakeholders from various strata of the societal edifice have identified and advocated the need to address these concerns. Currently, family as a concept is no longer confined to blood relations and has expanded to include adoption, surrogacy, and alternative family structures such as the hijra communities or even polycules. Marriage is no longer restricted to cisgender; heterosexual couples and the queer rights movement is fighting a two-fold battle to include queer persons within the scope of individuals eligible to get married while simultaneously challenging the institution of marriage itself. This warrants an urgent conversation on how family law can be reimagined to not merely accommodate diversity but fulfil the needs and secure the rights of the individuals and communities it is applicable to.

The National Law University, Jodhpur is organizing a two-day National Seminar on: “Revisiting the Current Regime of Family Law in India”. This seminar strives to revisit the family law of India to complement critical gender theory, social and economic justice while simultaneously keeping it grounded within constitutional theory and a rights-oriented framework. We hope to engage with and contribute to contemporary family law scholarship by facilitating academic discussions with emerging scholars, lawyers, and academics. The Seminar shall be held over a period of two days where esteemed speakers shall be deliberating on the key issues pertaining to the contemporary challenges the family law regime in India faces.

Seminar Structure

This seminar shall be conducted over a period of 2 days through an online platform, i.e., Cisco Webex.

Day 1: The seminar shall commence with a keynote address by the Hon’ble Vice Chancellor and the Guest of Honour. This would be followed by the parallel sessions of paper presentations chaired by the esteemed panelists. The day would end with a panel discussion.

Day 2: Paper presentations will continue, followed by a panel discussion. The seminar will conclude with a keynote address by the Guest of Honour followed by the vote of thanks.

Seminar Themes

The themes listed are exhaustive, and all submissions must adhere to the themes given.

The shift in the tide
Changing contours of family and marriage.
Status of a deemed marriage.
Locating live-in-relationship in the family law framework.
Same-sex marriage.
Civil Partnerships.
Surrogacy and Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART).
Pre-Nuptial Agreement.
Alternative Dispute Resolution in family law matters.
Dissonance between regional customs and existing family.
Constitution, Rights, and Family Law
Article 13 and Personal laws.
Right to equality and religious freedom.
Legal pluralism and Uniform Civil Code.
Right to privacy and Family Law.
Child Marriage.
Paternalism in Indian Family law
The existing framework of custody and guardianship law.
Inheritance Laws.
Anti-conversion Laws.
Conjugal Rights.
Family Law and Economic Justice
The social importance of financial independence.
Inheritance laws through the lens of gender justice.
Right to choose and inheritance.
Dilemma of Supreme Court and Section 16 of Hindu Marriage Act,1955.
The interplay of right to work and matrimonial property.
Revisiting the framework of maintenance.
Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005.
LGBTQIA+ community and Family Law
Understanding sex, gender, and sexuality.
Legislative frameworks: Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019.
Role of Judiciary and Legislature.
Reviewing the existing framework of family law from a queer lens.
Judicial Engagement with Family Law

Eligibility and Registration Fees

Papers shall be accepted only from PhD Students, Academicians, Advocates and Researchers.

PhD Students: Rs. 600
Academicians, Advocates and Researchers: Rs. 1200

Guidelines for Abstract Submissions

The abstract shall be of 300-350 words.
The abstract must contain the names, email addresses and designations of the authors.
The abstract is to be submitted through the following link- HERE
For the purpose of convenience, kindly ensure that the abstract reflects the core argument of the author and is complete in all respects.
Deadline for submission of abstracts- 15th March 2022
Announcement of accepted abstracts- 18th March 2022 (onwards)
Last date for payment of registration Fees- 30th March 2022
Deadline for manuscript submission- 17th April 2022
Seminar Event Dates- 20th-21st April 2022

Contact Details

Further information about the seminar can be found in the concept note. In case of any queries, please reach out to us via e-mail at: [email protected]

In case of any urgent queries, participants may contact:

Preeti Badola Student Co-ordinators:

Assistant Professor Shubha Ojha- +91 7297098981

National Law University Jodhpur Vinayak Goel- +91 9971901466

+91 9811382817

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One comment.

Respected sir can I submit my abstract now

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Family law in india: an in-depth discussion and historical perspective.

Family law, in India is a diverse field that governs the intricacies of relationships within families. It covers a range of issues, including marriage, divorce, child custody and inheritance. This comprehensive guide aims to explain the aspects of family law in India such as Hindu law, Muslim law, Christian law, Parsi law and the Special Marriage Act of 1954. Additionally, we will explore the development of family law in India and highlight its origins and significant milestones.

We will also navigate through the complexities surrounding divorce and financial support under Hindu family law, dissolution of marriage under family law, Christian family law practices and Parsi family laws and recommend some of the best books on family law in India that can help you gain more in-depth knowledge. Furthermore, we will examine topics like child custody and support, adoption and guardianship procedures while also discussing remedies available, for victims of domestic violence through protection orders.

Understanding Family Law in India

The Family law in India can also be referred to as matrimonial law, as it covers most of the aspects arising out of a matrimonial relationship. It is one of the broadest branches of civil laws dealing with various legal problems revolving around families in one way or another. It is the foundation of the legal framework dealing with family life in India, and which covers diverse range of issues and rules influencing life of citizens and their families all over the country.

What comes under family law?

Marriage, divorce and maintenance under family law:.

Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 : It serves as an indispensable foundation to the law of family in India, covering most facets of Hindu marriage. In line with this law, there exist details on how marriage ceremonies should be carried out, conditions for a legitimate union, as well as what spouses should do and not to. The act also deals with problems associated with issues of monogamy and polygamy within a Hindu marriage as well as voidable marriages.

The Hindu Marriage Act of 1955 plays a role, in guiding the process of divorce. It outlines reasons for divorce such as adultery, cruelty, desertion, conversion, mental illness and more. Additionally, it addresses an aspect of providing support to the dependent spouse during and after divorce proceedings through Section 24.

Related Read: Divorce Under Hindu Marriage Act, 1955

Hindu Succession Act, 1956:

Another significant law that governs inheritance rights among Hindus is the Hindu Succession Act of 1956 . This legislation establishes guidelines for distributing property among legal heirs in cases where someone passes away without leaving behind a will. The Act also. Grants daughters their share in ancestral property—a crucial step towards promoting gender equality, within Hindu families.

Muslim Family Law:

Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act, 1937 : Muslim family law, in India is based on the teachings of the Quran and Hadith. The primary legislation that governs matters related to law is the Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act, 1937. This act covers a range of areas such as marriage, divorce, maintenance and inheritance. It outlines procedures for dissolving marriages through methods, like talaq, khula and mubarat.

Christian Family Law:

Indian Divorce Act, 1869: Christian family law, in India is mainly governed by the Indian Divorce Act of 1869. This legislation outlines the guidelines, for marriages and divorces. It establishes the reasons on which a Christian marriage can be terminated, such as adultery, cruelty and abandonment guaranteeing that Christian couples have a structure to pursue divorce when it becomes necessary.

Parsi Family Law:

Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936 : The Parsi Community, in India follows the Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act of 1936 to govern their family law. This act outlines the process to protect the cultural aspects of the Parsis including their traditions, for marriage and divorce.

Special Marriage Act, 1954:

Special Marriage Act, 1954 is a secular and all-inclusive legal structure in India which enables people belonging to different religions or those having no religion at all, to contract marriages under a civil provided law. Such an act provides an alternative to religious marriage laws of India, that is oriented towards inter-religious or inter-caste marriages.

TYPES OF FAMILY LAW IN INDIA

1. hindu law:.

Hindu Law holds importance in the realm of family law, in India for individuals who follow Hinduism. It operates under the governance of acts and codes including the Hindu Marriage Act of 1955 and the Hindu Succession Act of 1956. This body of law governs matters such as marriage, divorce, inheritance and maintenance, within the Hindu community. Within this framework, marriages are regarded as institutions that are accompanied by various rituals and ceremonies.

Recommended Book – The most reputable writing on the subject is Mulla Hindu Law . It has been cited in a number of decisions by the Supreme Court and High Courts. The first thing to point out about this publication will be that it consists of two parts. The first part of this commentary relates common Hindu law system. Part 2 contains section-wise commentary on four major enactments: The Hindu Marriage Act, The Minority and Guardianship Act, The Hindu Succession Act and the Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act.

2. Muslim Law :

In India Muslim family law is based on various principles and is applicable, to individuals who follow the Muslim faith. The guidelines for marriage and divorce in law are derived from the teachings of the Quran and Hadith. The main legislation that governs laws for Muslims in India is the Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act of 1937 which acknowledges forms of divorce such, as talaq and khula.

Recommended Book – Universal Concise Commentary’s Book on Muslim Laws –Comprehensive and Authoritative Guide to Muslim Law is written in simple and clear terms, is ideal for lawyer, practitioners and alike and is supported with several judicial precedents.

3. Christian Law :

Majority of Christians in India have to rely on Christian family law. It handles issues affecting marriage, divorce and succession in connection with Christians. In India, Christian divorce is governed by the Indian Divorce Act, 1869. In contrast with Hindu law, it is possible in Christian law to dissolve marriage on specific conditions such as adultery and cruelty as well as desertion.

Recommended Book – Dr. Kande Prasada Rao’s book: “ Christian law in India ” is a clear and comprehensive guide on the institution of Christian Family Law. It covers the Indian Christian Marriage Act, 1872, The Divorce Act, 1869, Divorce Act, Converts’ Marriage Dissolution Act, 1866 and others which shaped Christian Law in India.

4. Parsi Law:

The Parsi community in India follows its own version of family law known as Parsi law. The Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act of 1936 addresses the concerns like inheritance, maintenance pertaining in the community in Parsi law.

5. Special Marriage Act:

The Special Marriage Act of 1954 is a law that provides the opportunity, for individuals of backgrounds and even those who do not adhere to any religion to enter into a civil marriage. This legislation facilitates unions between people from religions and castes while also establishing regulations, for the registration and termination of such marriages.

Recommended Book – Universal’s bare act on the Special Marriage Act covers all aspects and has proper footnoting and is up to date with recent amendments: as amended by The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 (34 of 2019) (w.e.f. 31-10-2019) and The Personal Laws (Amendment) Act, 2019 (6 of 2019).

Child Custody Under Hindu Family Law: Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956

Child custody is an aspect that is regulated under Hindu family law. The Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956 offers guidance, on matters related to child custody. The main focus is always on the wellbeing and best interests of the child. Section 6 of the Act outlines the rights and duties of parents in relation, to raising caring for and supporting their children. The parent who has been granted custody is responsible, for ensuring the child’s wellbeing providing for their needs in terms of a lifestyle, healthcare, emotional support, physical development and medical care.

Recommended Book – Prashant Chandra’s Book on “ Laws Relating to Liberty, Child Custody and Detention ” is an analytical journey through Indian laws. It stresses that it is all about liberating oneself; in this case, how you effectively gain liberation and relief of getting child’s custody. It also deals with such things as when someone has not been subjected to legal proceedings before being locked up and in instances where a person seeks legal release.

Domestic Violence and Protection Orders Under Family Law in India

Safeguarding individuals, from violence is an aspect of family law in India. The enactment of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act in 2005 aims to tackle and combat the problem of violence against women within family relationships. This legislation grants victims of abuse with recourse such, as restraining orders protection orders and other provisions to guarantee their safety and welfare. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 also is a key statute that provides a framework to protect women from physical, emotional and mental abuse.

Adoption and Guardianship in Family Law

In India, family law also deals with the matters of adoption and guardianship which ensure the wellbeing and rights of children in families. The purpose of these laws is to establish a stable environment for children whether through adoption processes or the appointment of legal guardians. One significant statute that governs the adoption of children among Hindus is the Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956. This law outlines the procedures and conditions under which adoption can occur. Additionally, the Guardians and Wards Act, 1890 addresses the appointment of guardians, for minors who need protection and care.

Family law, in India is a diverse field that deals with a range of legal matters that are crucial to family life. It covers secular laws each tailored to meet the specific requirements and customs of different communities within the country. From marriage and divorce to child custody, inheritance, adoption and protection against violence family law plays a role in regulating and protecting familial relationships. As India continues to progress socially and legally family law evolves to meet needs while upholding traditional values. Legislative reforms, court interpretations and landmark cases have collectively shaped the landscape of family law in India by emphasizing principles, like gender equality and the best interests of children.

What is the concept of family law?

Family law is a legal branch governing matters related to familial relationships, encompassing marriage, divorce, child custody, inheritance, and domestic issues

What are the family laws in India?

Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, Muslim personal law, Guardians and Wards Act and the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 etc.

What is an example of family law?

A prime example of Family Law in India is the Hindu Marriage Act of 1955.

What is Section 13 of Family Court Act?

Section 13 talks about Right to legal representation. “ No party to a suit or proceeding before a Family Court shall be entitled, as of right, to be represented by a legal practitioner: Provided, if the Family Court considers it necessary in the interest of justice, it may seek the assistance of a legal expert as amicus curiae.”

What is the role of Family Court?

Family courts are established as an independent body with jurisdiction over different family suits like divorce proceedings; resolution of controversial issues concerning guardianship and maintenance of the children among others; matters concerned with domestic violence.

Who is Karta in family law?

Karta often refers to an elderly Hindu male who is responsible for maintaining a Hindu Undivided Family (HUF) affairs, properties and other multiple duties in Hindu family law.

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The laws dealing with intestate and testamentary succession in India are not uniform. A variety of laws are in vogue whose application depends on multiple factors. While the Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Parsis and the Jews have distinct personal laws of their own, the Scheduled Tribes in India are governed by their uncodified customary laws of inheritance and enjoy constitutional protection of their culture and identity. Customary laws of tribals are majorly left untouched based on the assumption that it is in the best interests of the concerned tribal communities. The same, however, need not be necessarily true. Further, women empowerment and gender justice is a common phenomenon of modern democratic world which is receiving a high degree of popularity in all the societies but nevertheless, it must be implemented keeping in view social concerns and with the help and support of each and every component of society. A woman can be said to be truly empowered when she is economically so and this depends, inter alia, on their right to hold and inherit property.

Prabir Datta

An Act to amend and codify the law relating to intestate succession among Hindus Be it enacted by Parliament in the Seventh Year of the Republic of India as follows:-CHAPTER I: PRELIMINARY 1. Short title and extent (1) This Act may be called the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 (2) It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. 2. Application of Act (1) This Act applies-(a) to any person, who is a Hindu by religion in any of its forms or developments including a Virashaiva, a Lingayat or a follower of the Brahmo, Prarthana or Arya Samaj; (b) to any person who is Buddhist, Jaina or Sikh by religion; and (c) to any other person who is not a Muslim, Christian, Parsi or Jew by religion unless it is proved that any such person would not have been governed by the Hindu law or by any custom or usage as part of that law in respect of any of the matters dealt with herein if this Act had not been passed. Explanation : The following persons are Hindus, Buddhists, Jainas or Sikhs by religion, as the case may be:-(a) any child, legitimate or illegitimate, both of whose parents are Hindus, Buddhists, Jainas or Sikhs by religion; (b) any child, legitimate or illegitimate, one of whose parents is a Hindu, Buddhist, Jaina or Sikh by religion and who is brought up as a member of the tribe, community, group or family to which such parent belongs or belonged; (c) any person who is a convert or re-convert to the Hindu, Buddhist, Jaina or Sikh religion. (2) Notwithstanding anything contained in subsection (1), nothing contained in this Act shall apply to the members of any Scheduled Tribe within the meaning of clause (25) of article 366 of the Constitution unless the Central Government, by notification in the Official Gazette, otherwise directs. (3) The expression "Hindu" in any portion of this Act shall be construed as if it included a person who, though not a Hindu by religion, is, nevertheless, a person to whom this Act applies by virtue of the provisions contained in this section.

lawyer bharat

As noted earlier, neither Mahadu/his legal representatives nor Sonabai/her legal representatives classify as heirs in either Class-I or Class-II of the Schedule to the said Act. Therefore, there was no question of Mahadu/his legal representatives claiming any priority over the claim of Sonabai/her legal representatives. In fact, both claim as agnates and the First Appeal Court was entirely justified in decreeing the suit for partition upon the said basis. 23] Mr. Mankapure, faced with this position, faintly urged that Sonabai did not qualify as 'agnate' within the meaning assigned to this term under Section 3(1)(a) of the said Act, since according to him, Sonabai was not related to her husband Shivba 'by blood'. This contention, however, is no longer res integra. The Division Bench of this Court, in case of Nanasaheb Devre (supra), has precisely considered and rejected such contention. 24] The Division Bench of this Court in case of Nanasaheb Devre (supra), has held that the provisions of said Act were meant to codify the law relating to intestate succession among the Hindus and to achieve uniformity and certainty about various otherwise nebulous and shifting matters. This objective has, however, to be understood against the backdrop of existing interpreting system of personal law. Therefore, it would not be appropriate to begin with any legislative premise that the term related "by blood" has been introduced in any narrow sense. Rather, effort will have to be made to reach its applicative connotation. By reference to several precedents and principles, the Division Bench has held that conceptually, the Hindu marriage, as far as the wife is concerned, clearly brings out consanguine results, the wife merging and sharing the particles of the body of her husband and as such that of their common ancestor. Such kinship or consanguinity conceptually as well as physically cannot be less than of the blood relationship. Marriage is not only social but religious fact to a Hindu. It distinctively brings about union of two persons involving acceptance of a female into the family of the male spouse. Relation that ensues, is not restricted to male that marries but to the entire family of the male. Married wife in a family, thus becomes related to it wholly through her male spouse. The definition of the word "related" shows that to be related, persons could be treated as related to each other only if they belong to lawful or legitimate kinship. The definition makes reference to "kinship". The accepted modes by which such kinship results are clearly implied. Kinship is blood relationship. In social unit like family, marriage is an apparent mode of forging such relation. As far as the definition of "agnate" is concerned, the statute contemplates that this relationship should arise firstly, "by blood or adoption", and secondly, wholly through males. The words employed by the defining clauses having reference to blood will have to be understood and interpreted so as to further the obvious object of the Act and as far as possible to provide uniform system of succession. Law is not merely a biological text tracing decent and ascent. It is a sociological sanction in favour of those who can claim succession to the deceased. Sociology and history of given law often speak through the legislated words. The choice of the words "by blood" in the definition along with the word "adoption" is clearly intended to recognise all social modes resulting in the legitimate relationship. The words "by blood" cannot be read as "by birth" so as to restrict them to genetical incidence of family, for legislature, had it intended, would have surely spoken in that way. 25] The Division Bench of this Court at paragraph '17' has observed thus: What then is the meaning of the word blood ? Does it signify only the vital fluid that sustains the life or is it also

International Res Jour Managt Socio Human

Intestacy is of two kinds – total or partial. A man may die partly intestate and partly testate, e.g. where the will contains several bequests to several legatees, but there is no disposition of the residue, he dies intestate as regards the residue. The word intestate is defined in sec 55 of the Administration of Estate Act ‘Intestate includes a person who leaves a will but dies intestate as to some beneficial interest in his real or personal estate.’

Archana Sridhar

Vivek Sharma

Devendra Damle

In India, statutes governing individuals on matters of personal law (marriage, divorce, inheritance, adoption) differ as per the religion of the individual. In this framework, matters of inheritance of property amongst Hindus, Buddhists, Jains and Sikhs are governed by the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 (HSA). This legislation applies to the transmission of all assets owned by Hindus. The provisions of the HSA discriminate against Hindu women by prescribing different rules for devolution of property held by men and women. These provisions have the effect of excessively, and unfairly prioritising the husband’s family in the scheme of devolution as compared to the woman’s own family, even when the property belongs to the woman. The legislation is a product of an era when it was inconceivable for Indian women to own and acquire property. However, these biases continue to be perpetrated upon Hindu women in India today. This discrimination is ultra vires of Articles 14 and 15 of the Constitu...

Journal of Law and Religion, 25th Anniversary issue. Vol. XXIV, No. 2, 101-122.

Prof. Jaishankar Karupannan , Dr.Debarati Halder,Ph.D

The right to succeed ancestral property for the Hindu women can be traced back to ancient Hindu literature like the Vedas, Puranas, Ramayana and Mahabharata in the form of Stridhan. Indian succession laws since time immemorial gave women a separate status for inheriting ancestral and marital properties. But a gradual degradation in women’s position as property owner was noticed during the period of Manusmriti and it became worse during the medieval period. During the pre-British period, Indian succession laws were guided by customary and Shastric laws where women were nearly excluded from inheriting the parental property. However, the British colonial rule re-established women as successors, even though to a very limited extent. After Independence, India had several succession laws, but the position of women was never equal to their male counterparts. The reason for such inequality lies in the history of patriarchal Indian society and in the ambiguous status of women in Hindu society since the ancient period. It was only in 2005, that the five thousand year-old discrimination of women with regard to succession of landed properties was lifted by the Hindu Succession (Amended) Act 2005. This article attempts to review the developments carried out by the ancient law givers as well as modern legislatures in India regarding succession rights of Hindu women, and critically examines the new status of Hindu women as property owners.

Aneez Lallans

A Study of Legislative Framework for Women Protection in India

Jadav Anita Nareshkumar 6
Conference paper
First Online: 20 April 2022

464 Accesses

Woman is one of the important parts of our society. They are known as a strong pillar of our society. Gender-based discrimination is also a burning question in front of us. Presently, we are living in modern age still they are included in vulnerable group. Somehow women became victim of mentally or physical violence in male-dominated society. They want special care and protection by law. Indian government provides many laws for protection of women. Constitutional law of India is supreme law in India, and by this law, fundamental rights are given to each and every person. Domestic violence is one of the gender-based violence against women in India, and women are protected by DV Act, 2005. Marital Rights and property rights are given by separate personal laws. In this paper, researcher shall try to analyse legislative framework for women protection in India with special reference to the Constitutional law of India, Protection of women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 (Baijal in Law of protection of women from domestic violence, 2nd ed., 2020 [ 1 ]) and Personal Acts. After completion of the paper, researcher shall find out lacuna of the present legislative framework and give suggestion for effectiveness of law.

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V. T. Choksi Sarvajanik Law College, Surat, India

Jadav Anita Nareshkumar

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Department of Electrical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Surat, India

Vasundhara Mahajan

Anandita Chowdhury

Department of Applied Mathematics and Humanities, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Surat, India

Urvashi Kaushal

Department of Civil Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Surat, Gujarat, India

Namrta Jariwala

School of Arts & Social Sciences, Monash University, Selangor, Malaysia

Sharon A. Bong

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Nareshkumar, J.A. (2022). A Study of Legislative Framework for Women Protection in India. In: Mahajan, V., Chowdhury, A., Kaushal, U., Jariwala, N., Bong, S.A. (eds) Gender Equity: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0460-8_9

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Research Topics For law Students in 2023

by Sanjay Rawat
March 6, 2023
17 minutes read

Table of Contents

Introduction

Legal research is an essential skill that law students must acquire as it provides them with the tools necessary to develop critical thinking abilities, establish a solid foundation in the law, and prepare for legal practice. Moreover, legal research allows students to hone their communication skills and stay updated with any modifications to the law. With this in mind, our team with their legal expertise has compiled a list of over 100 legal research topics to assist law students in their quest for legal research topics in 2023

Subjectwise Distribution of Legal Research Topics for law students in 2023

Constitutional law- legal research topics for law students.

The impact of the recent Pegasus spyware controversy on the right to privacy in India . (Source: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology)
The effectiveness of the new Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order (Amendment) Act, 2021 in protecting the rights of scheduled castes in India. (Source: Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment)
The legality and implications of the Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019 . (Source: Ministry of Home Affairs)
The constitutional validity of the farm laws passed by the Indian parliament. (Source: Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare)
The role of the Supreme Court in protecting and interpreting the Constitution of India. (Source: Supreme Court of India)
Constitutionality of collegium system in India – Specific reference to Case laws
The constitutional right to privacy and its implications for data protection laws in India. (Source: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology)
The constitutional validity of reservations in educational institutions and public employment. (Source: Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment)
The constitutional validity of sedition laws in India. (Source: Ministry of Home Affairs)
The role of the Election Commission in ensuring free and fair elections in India. (Source: Election Commission of India)
The constitutional validity of the National Register of Citizens (NRC) and its implementation in Assam. (Source: Ministry of Home Affairs)
The implications of the recent Supreme Court ruling on ECI Appointments. (Source: Supreme Court of India)

Research Topics for law students on Criminal Law

The effectiveness of the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2018 in addressing crimes against women in India. (Source: Ministry of Home Affairs)
The implications of the recent Supreme Court ruling on the use of remand in criminal cases. (Source: Supreme Court of India)
The effectiveness of the new Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Amendment) Act, 2021 in tackling drug abuse in India. (Source: Ministry of Home Affairs)
The impact of the new Anti-Trafficking Bill, 2021 on human trafficking in India. (Source: Ministry of Women and Child Development)
The interpretation and implementation of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015. (Source: Ministry of Women and Child Development)
The effectiveness of the new Prevention of Money Laundering (Amendment) Act, 2021 in curbing money laundering in India. (Source: Ministry of Finance)
The implications of the recent Supreme Court ruling on the death penalty in India. (Source: Supreme Court of India)
The effectiveness of the new Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 in addressing workplace harassment in India. (Source: Ministry of Women and Child Development)
The interpretation and implementation of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012. (Source: Ministry of Women and Child Development)
The impact of the new Anti-Corruption Bill, 2021 on corruption in India . (Source: Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions)

Research topics on Family Law

The implications of the new Personal Laws (Amendment) Act, 2021 on interfaith marriages in India. (Source: Ministry of Law and Justice)
The effectiveness of the new Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens (Amendment) Act, 2021 in protecting the rights of older people in India. (Source: Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment)
The legal and ethical implications of the surrogacy regulation Act 2021 on India’s family law and social norms. (Source: Indian Council of Medical Research)
The interpretation and implementation of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955. (Source: Ministry of Law and Justice)
The impact of the new Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021 on surrogacy arrangements in India. (Source: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare)
The effectiveness of the new Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019 in addressing the issue of triple talaq in India. (Source: Ministry of Law and Justice)

Legal Research topics on Intellectual Property Law(IPR)

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on intellectual property laws in India, including patent rights, trademark rights, and copyright laws. (Source: World Intellectual Property Organization)
The legal and ethical implications of genetic engineering and gene editing technologies in India’s intellectual property laws. (Source: National Biodiversity Authority)
The effectiveness of India’s laws and policies in protecting traditional knowledge and folklore. (Source: Ministry of Commerce and Industry)
The impact of India’s accession to the Madrid Protocol on trademark registration and protection in India. (Source: Intellectual Property India)
The effectiveness of India’s laws and policies in promoting innovation and creativity in the digital age. (Source: National Innovation Foundation)
The implications of the new Copyright (Amendment) Act, 2021 on copyright law in India. (Source: Ministry of Law and Justice)
The interpretation and implementation of the Patents Act, 1970. (Source: Ministry of Commerce and Industry)
The effectiveness of the new Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 2019 in protecting geographical indications in India. (Source: Ministry of Commerce and Industry)
The impact of the new Designs (Amendment) Rules, 2021 on design law in India. (Source: Ministry of Commerce and Industry)
The effectiveness of the new Trade Marks (Amendment) Act, 2021 in protecting trademarks in India. (Source: Ministry of Commerce and Industry)

Environmental Law Research Topics for law students

The implications of the new Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 2021 on air pollution in India. (Source: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change)
The interpretation and implementation of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. (Source: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change)
The implications of the recent National River Ganga (Rejuvenation, Conservation and Management) Act, 2021 on the conservation of the Ganges river in India. (Source: Ministry of Jal Shakti)
The effectiveness of the new National Green Tribunal (NGT) (Amendment) Act, 2021 in resolving environmental disputes in India. (Source: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change)
The impact of the new Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2021 on hazardous waste management in India. (Source: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change)
The effectiveness of the new Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 2021 in addressing water pollution in India. (Source: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change)

International Law topics for research

The implications of India’s recent withdrawal from the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) on India’s international trade relations. (Source: Ministry of External Affairs)
The interpretation and implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), 1982, with specific reference to India’s maritime claims. (Source: Ministry of External Affairs)
The effectiveness of the new International Financial Services Centres Authority Act, 2021 in regulating financial services in India’s international financial centres. (Source: Ministry of Finance)
The impact of India’s recent accession to the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction on child custody cases involving India and other signatory countries. (Source: Ministry of Women and Child Development)
The implications of the recent International Court of Justice ruling on the Kulbhushan Jadhav case. (Source: International Court of Justice)
The effectiveness of the new Extradition (Amendment) Act, 2021 in extradition proceedings in India. (Source: Ministry of External Affairs) or The effectiveness of India’s extradition laws in extraditing fugitives from foreign countries. (Source: Ministry of Home Affairs)
The impact of the new Prevention of Atrocities (Amendment) Act, 2021 on international human rights law in India. (Source: Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment)
The effectiveness of the new Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) Model Text, 2021 in promoting foreign investment in India. (Source: Ministry of Finance)

Corporate Law:

The implications of the new Companies (Amendment) Act, 2021 on corporate law in India. (Source: Ministry of Corporate Affairs)
The interpretation and implementation of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016. (Source: Ministry of Finance)
The effectiveness of the new Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2021 in regulating securities markets in India. (Source: SEBI)
The impact of the recent changes in the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) policy on foreign investment in India. (Source: Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade)
The effectiveness of the new Competition (Amendment) Act, 2021 in promoting competition in Indian markets. (Source: Ministry of Corporate Affairs)
The impact of the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2020, on corporate governance in India, including the changes to the composition and functioning of the board of directors, and the enhanced role of auditors and independent directors. (Source: Ministry of Corporate Affairs)
The challenges of regulating new forms of corporate entities in India, such as limited liability partnerships and one-person companies, and the implications of these entities for traditional forms of corporate organization. (Source: Ministry of Corporate Affairs)
The role of corporate social responsibility in India, including the legal framework for mandating and monitoring CSR activities, and the challenges of balancing the interests of shareholders, stakeholders, and society. (Source: Ministry of Corporate Affairs)
The regulation of mergers and acquisitions in India, including the role of the Competition Commission of India in assessing the anti-competitive effects of M&A transactions, and the challenges of balancing competition and economic growth. (Source: Competition Commission of India)
The impact of recent judicial decisions on corporate law in India, including the interpretation of provisions of the Companies Act, 2013, and the evolving jurisprudence on issues such as shareholder activism, minority rights, and corporate liability. (Source: Supreme Court of India)

Labour Law:

The effectiveness of the new labour codes proposed by the Ministry of Labour and Employment in 2021 in regulating and protecting workers’ rights. (Source: Ministry of Labour and Employment)
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the labour market in India and the adequacy of legal protection for workers during the pandemic. (Source: International Labour Organization)
The legal and ethical implications of outsourcing and subcontracting in the Indian labour market. (Source: International Labour Organization)
The effectiveness of the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 in preventing and addressing workplace sexual harassment. (Source: Ministry of Women and Child Development)
The impact of the gig economy on labour laws and social protection in India. (Source: International Labour Organization)
The implications of the recent Industrial Relations Code, 2020 on labour law in India. (Source: Ministry of Labour and Employment)
The interpretation and implementation of the Minimum Wages Act, 1948. (Source: Ministry of Labour and Employment)
The effectiveness of the new Employees’ State Insurance (Amendment) Act, 2021 in providing social security to workers in India. (Source: Ministry of Labour and Employment)
The impact of the recent changes in the Apprentices Act, 1961 on apprenticeships in India. (Source: Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship)
The effectiveness of the new Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Act, 2021 in protecting the rights of working women in India. (Source: Ministry of Women and Child Development)
The implications of the recent Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021 on freedom of speech and expression in India’s digital media. (Source: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology)
The interpretation and implementation of the Information Technology Act, 2000. (Source: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology)
The effectiveness of the new Personal Data Protection Bill, 2021 in protecting personal data of Indian citizens. (Source: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology)
The impact of cybercrime on the Indian economy and society. (Source: National Crime Records Bureau)
The effectiveness of India’s cybercrime investigation and prosecution framework in dealing with cybercrime cases. (Source: Ministry of Home Affairs)

Taxation Law:

The impact of India’s new Equalization Levy, 2021 on digital businesses and cross-border e-commerce. (Source: Ministry of Finance)
The legal and ethical implications of tax avoidance and evasion in India’s tax laws and policies. (Source: Central Board of Direct Taxes)
The effectiveness of India’s tax incentives and exemptions in promoting foreign direct investment and economic growth. (Source: Ministry of Finance)
The impact of India’s Goods and Services Tax (GST) on small and medium-sized businesses and the informal sector. (Source: Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs)
The legal and ethical implications of tax competition and international tax treaties on India’s tax sovereignty and revenue collection. (Source: Ministry of Finance)

Research topics on Sports Law for law students

Here are some more research topics for law students in India in 2023 related to sports law:

The legal and ethical implications of gender discrimination and sexual harassment in sports, with a focus on India’s sports industry. (Source: Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports)
The effectiveness of India’s sports law framework in regulating doping, match-fixing, and other forms of cheating in sports. (Source: National Anti-Doping Agency, India)
The impact of India’s new National Sports Code, 2011, on the governance and management of sports organizations in India. (Source: Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports)
The legal and ethical implications of athlete welfare and protection in sports, including issues such as athlete contracts, injury prevention, and mental health support. (Source: Sports Authority of India)
The role of alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, such as sports arbitration, in resolving disputes in the sports industry, with a focus on India’s experience. (Source: Indian Olympic Association)

Fashion Law

Here are some research topics for law students in India in 2023 related to fashion law:

The legal and ethical implications of intellectual property protection in the fashion industry, with a focus on India’s experience. (Source: Ministry of Commerce and Industry)
The impact of India’s new Consumer Protection Act, 2019, on consumer rights and product liability in the fashion industry. (Source: Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution)
The effectiveness of India’s laws and policies in regulating the use of child labour in the fashion industry, and promoting ethical and sustainable production practices. (Source: Ministry of Labour and Employment)
The legal and ethical implications of cultural appropriation and intellectual property rights in the fashion industry, with a focus on India’s traditional designs and crafts. (Source: Ministry of Textiles)
The role of alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, such as mediation and arbitration, in resolving disputes in the fashion industry, with a focus on India’s experience. (Source: Ministry of Law and Justice)

Contract Law

Some research topics for law students in India in 2023 related to contract law are

The legal and ethical implications of force majeure clauses in commercial contracts during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on India’s experience. (Source: Ministry of Law and Justice)
The effectiveness of India’s Contract Act, 1872, in regulating electronic contracts and e-commerce transactions, and the challenges posed by the increasing use of technology in commercial transactions. (Source: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology)
The impact of India’s new Arbitration and Conciliation (Amendment) Act, 2021, on the enforcement and validity of arbitration agreements in commercial contracts. (Source: Ministry of Law and Justice)
The legal and ethical implications of contractual interpretation and construction in commercial disputes, with a focus on India’s courts’ approach. (Source: Supreme Court of India)
The role of good faith and fair dealing in contract law, and its implications for contract drafting and negotiation in India. (Source: Ministry of Law and Justice)

Arbitration Law

Some research topics for law students in India in 2023 related to arbitration law are-

The effectiveness of India’s Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, in promoting arbitration as a preferred mode of dispute resolution, and the challenges faced by the arbitration industry in India. (Source: Ministry of Law and Justice)
The role of institutional arbitration in India, with a focus on the rules and procedures of institutions such as the Mumbai Centre for International Arbitration and the Delhi International Arbitration Centre. (Source: Indian Council of Arbitration)
The legal and ethical implications of investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) in India, with a focus on India’s experience in bilateral investment treaties (BITs) and investment disputes. (Source: Ministry of Finance)
The impact of India’s new Arbitration and Conciliation (Amendment) Act, 2021, on the appointment and qualifications of arbitrators, and the procedure for challenging and enforcing arbitral awards. (Source: Ministry of Law and Justice)
The role of technology in arbitration in India, including the use of electronic evidence, virtual hearings, and online dispute resolution platforms. (Source: National Law School of India University)
The effectiveness of the Indian judiciary in supporting arbitration, including the approach of Indian courts to issues such as interim relief, jurisdictional challenges, and public policy considerations. (Source: Supreme Court of India)
The role of international commercial arbitration in India, with a focus on the practice and procedure of international arbitration in India and the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards. (Source: International Chamber of Commerce India)
The impact of India’s new Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts Act, 2015, on the resolution of commercial disputes through arbitration and other alternative dispute resolution mechanisms. (Source: Ministry of Law and Justice)

Administrative law

Research topics for law students in India in 2023 related to administrative law:

The scope and limitations of the principle of natural justice in administrative law, with a focus on the Indian context and the role of courts in enforcing the principles of procedural fairness. (Source: Ministry of Law and Justice)
The relationship between administrative law and human rights in India, including the constitutional protection of fundamental rights and the role of administrative agencies in promoting human rights. (Source: National Human Rights Commission)
The impact of India’s Right to Information Act, 2005, on transparency and accountability in administrative decision-making, and the challenges faced in implementing the Act. (Source: Central Information Commission)
The role of the judiciary in administrative law in India, including the scope of judicial review of administrative action and the development of principles such as proportionality and reasonableness. (Source: Supreme Court of India)
The legal and ethical implications of administrative discretion in India, including the scope and limitations of administrative discretion and the accountability of administrative decision-makers. (Source: Administrative Law Review)

Evidence Law

The admissibility and reliability of electronic evidence in Indian courts, including the challenges of preserving and authenticating electronic evidence and the legal framework for admitting electronic evidence. (Source: Evidence Act, 1872)
The impact of recent amendments to the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, on the law of evidence in India, including the new provisions on the admissibility of electronic evidence, presumptions as to documents, and the use of expert evidence. (Source: Ministry of Law and Justice)
The role of the judge in the trial process and the evaluation of evidence in Indian courts, including the principles of burden of proof, presumption, and standard of proof, and the discretion of the judge in weighing evidence. (Source: Supreme Court of India)
The impact of the Indian Evidence (Amendment) Act, 2002, on the admissibility of confessions and the protections afforded to accused persons, including the requirement for video recording of confessions and the admissibility of retracted confessions. (Source: Ministry of Home Affairs)
The role of scientific evidence in criminal trials in India, including the admissibility and reliability of forensic evidence such as DNA analysis, fingerprinting, and ballistics evidence. (Source: National Forensic Sciences University)
The evolution of the law of torts in India, with a focus on the development of principles such as negligence, nuisance, and strict liability, and the role of the judiciary in shaping the law. (Source: Indian Council of Legal Research)
The liability of the State and its officials for tortious acts in India, including the scope and limitations of sovereign immunity and the remedies available to victims of tortious acts committed by the State. (Source: Constitution of India)
The role of tort law in consumer protection in India, including the liability of manufacturers, sellers, and service providers for defective products and services, and the remedies available to consumers. (Source: Consumer Protection Act, 2019)
The impact of technological developments on tort law in India, including the liability of internet service providers and social media platforms for defamation, and the challenges of regulating emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and autonomous vehicles. (Source: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology)
The relationship between tort law and environmental law in India, including the liability of polluters for harm to the environment and the challenges of enforcing environmental standards through the law of torts. (Source: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change)

International Humanitarian law

Some recent international humanitarian law research topics for law students in 2023 are-

The legal and ethical implications of autonomous weapons systems under international humanitarian law, including the challenges of ensuring compliance and accountability for their use. (Source: Human Rights Watch)
The role of non-state actors in armed conflicts and their responsibilities under international humanitarian law, including the legal framework for regulating the conduct of armed groups and the challenges of enforcing accountability. (Source: Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights)
The impact of counter-terrorism measures on international humanitarian law, including the legal framework for regulating the use of force in counter-terrorism operations and the challenges of ensuring compliance with human rights standards. (Source: International Committee of the Red Cross)
The legal framework for protecting civilians and non-combatants in the context of the ongoing conflict in eastern Ukraine , including the challenges of ensuring compliance with international humanitarian law in the midst of a protracted armed conflict. (Source: International Committee of the Red Cross)
The role of international criminal law in addressing alleged violations of international humanitarian law in Ukraine, including the legal framework for investigating and prosecuting war crimes and the challenges of ensuring accountability for those responsible. (Source: International Criminal Court)

I hope this comprehensive list of over 100 topics of research for law students will help you find the correct topic for your research. However, the topic you choose to research will always depend on your personal interests. So, it’s best to give some thought to finding which topic suits your interests.

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What the data says about abortion in the U.S.

Pew Research Center has conducted many surveys about abortion over the years, providing a lens into Americans’ views on whether the procedure should be legal, among a host of other questions.

In a Center survey conducted nearly a year after the Supreme Court’s June 2022 decision that ended the constitutional right to abortion , 62% of U.S. adults said the practice should be legal in all or most cases, while 36% said it should be illegal in all or most cases. Another survey conducted a few months before the decision showed that relatively few Americans take an absolutist view on the issue .

Find answers to common questions about abortion in America, based on data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Guttmacher Institute, which have tracked these patterns for several decades:

How many abortions are there in the U.S. each year?

How has the number of abortions in the u.s. changed over time, what is the abortion rate among women in the u.s. how has it changed over time, what are the most common types of abortion, how many abortion providers are there in the u.s., and how has that number changed, what percentage of abortions are for women who live in a different state from the abortion provider, what are the demographics of women who have had abortions, when during pregnancy do most abortions occur, how often are there medical complications from abortion.

This compilation of data on abortion in the United States draws mainly from two sources: the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Guttmacher Institute, both of which have regularly compiled national abortion data for approximately half a century, and which collect their data in different ways.

The CDC data that is highlighted in this post comes from the agency’s “abortion surveillance” reports, which have been published annually since 1974 (and which have included data from 1969). Its figures from 1973 through 1996 include data from all 50 states, the District of Columbia and New York City – 52 “reporting areas” in all. Since 1997, the CDC’s totals have lacked data from some states (most notably California) for the years that those states did not report data to the agency. The four reporting areas that did not submit data to the CDC in 2021 – California, Maryland, New Hampshire and New Jersey – accounted for approximately 25% of all legal induced abortions in the U.S. in 2020, according to Guttmacher’s data. Most states, though, do have data in the reports, and the figures for the vast majority of them came from each state’s central health agency, while for some states, the figures came from hospitals and other medical facilities.

Discussion of CDC abortion data involving women’s state of residence, marital status, race, ethnicity, age, abortion history and the number of previous live births excludes the low share of abortions where that information was not supplied. Read the methodology for the CDC’s latest abortion surveillance report , which includes data from 2021, for more details. Previous reports can be found at stacks.cdc.gov by entering “abortion surveillance” into the search box.

For the numbers of deaths caused by induced abortions in 1963 and 1965, this analysis looks at reports by the then-U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, a precursor to the Department of Health and Human Services. In computing those figures, we excluded abortions listed in the report under the categories “spontaneous or unspecified” or as “other.” (“Spontaneous abortion” is another way of referring to miscarriages.)

Guttmacher data in this post comes from national surveys of abortion providers that Guttmacher has conducted 19 times since 1973. Guttmacher compiles its figures after contacting every known provider of abortions – clinics, hospitals and physicians’ offices – in the country. It uses questionnaires and health department data, and it provides estimates for abortion providers that don’t respond to its inquiries. (In 2020, the last year for which it has released data on the number of abortions in the U.S., it used estimates for 12% of abortions.) For most of the 2000s, Guttmacher has conducted these national surveys every three years, each time getting abortion data for the prior two years. For each interim year, Guttmacher has calculated estimates based on trends from its own figures and from other data.

The latest full summary of Guttmacher data came in the institute’s report titled “Abortion Incidence and Service Availability in the United States, 2020.” It includes figures for 2020 and 2019 and estimates for 2018. The report includes a methods section.

In addition, this post uses data from StatPearls, an online health care resource, on complications from abortion.

An exact answer is hard to come by. The CDC and the Guttmacher Institute have each tried to measure this for around half a century, but they use different methods and publish different figures.

The last year for which the CDC reported a yearly national total for abortions is 2021. It found there were 625,978 abortions in the District of Columbia and the 46 states with available data that year, up from 597,355 in those states and D.C. in 2020. The corresponding figure for 2019 was 607,720.

The last year for which Guttmacher reported a yearly national total was 2020. It said there were 930,160 abortions that year in all 50 states and the District of Columbia, compared with 916,460 in 2019.

How the CDC gets its data: It compiles figures that are voluntarily reported by states’ central health agencies, including separate figures for New York City and the District of Columbia. Its latest totals do not include figures from California, Maryland, New Hampshire or New Jersey, which did not report data to the CDC. ( Read the methodology from the latest CDC report .)
How Guttmacher gets its data: It compiles its figures after contacting every known abortion provider – clinics, hospitals and physicians’ offices – in the country. It uses questionnaires and health department data, then provides estimates for abortion providers that don’t respond. Guttmacher’s figures are higher than the CDC’s in part because they include data (and in some instances, estimates) from all 50 states. ( Read the institute’s latest full report and methodology .)

While the Guttmacher Institute supports abortion rights, its empirical data on abortions in the U.S. has been widely cited by groups and publications across the political spectrum, including by a number of those that disagree with its positions .

These estimates from Guttmacher and the CDC are results of multiyear efforts to collect data on abortion across the U.S. Last year, Guttmacher also began publishing less precise estimates every few months , based on a much smaller sample of providers.

The figures reported by these organizations include only legal induced abortions conducted by clinics, hospitals or physicians’ offices, or those that make use of abortion pills dispensed from certified facilities such as clinics or physicians’ offices. They do not account for the use of abortion pills that were obtained outside of clinical settings .

(Back to top)

A line chart showing the changing number of legal abortions in the U.S. since the 1970s.

The annual number of U.S. abortions rose for years after Roe v. Wade legalized the procedure in 1973, reaching its highest levels around the late 1980s and early 1990s, according to both the CDC and Guttmacher. Since then, abortions have generally decreased at what a CDC analysis called “a slow yet steady pace.”

Guttmacher says the number of abortions occurring in the U.S. in 2020 was 40% lower than it was in 1991. According to the CDC, the number was 36% lower in 2021 than in 1991, looking just at the District of Columbia and the 46 states that reported both of those years.

(The corresponding line graph shows the long-term trend in the number of legal abortions reported by both organizations. To allow for consistent comparisons over time, the CDC figures in the chart have been adjusted to ensure that the same states are counted from one year to the next. Using that approach, the CDC figure for 2021 is 622,108 legal abortions.)

There have been occasional breaks in this long-term pattern of decline – during the middle of the first decade of the 2000s, and then again in the late 2010s. The CDC reported modest 1% and 2% increases in abortions in 2018 and 2019, and then, after a 2% decrease in 2020, a 5% increase in 2021. Guttmacher reported an 8% increase over the three-year period from 2017 to 2020.

As noted above, these figures do not include abortions that use pills obtained outside of clinical settings.

Guttmacher says that in 2020 there were 14.4 abortions in the U.S. per 1,000 women ages 15 to 44. Its data shows that the rate of abortions among women has generally been declining in the U.S. since 1981, when it reported there were 29.3 abortions per 1,000 women in that age range.

The CDC says that in 2021, there were 11.6 abortions in the U.S. per 1,000 women ages 15 to 44. (That figure excludes data from California, the District of Columbia, Maryland, New Hampshire and New Jersey.) Like Guttmacher’s data, the CDC’s figures also suggest a general decline in the abortion rate over time. In 1980, when the CDC reported on all 50 states and D.C., it said there were 25 abortions per 1,000 women ages 15 to 44.

That said, both Guttmacher and the CDC say there were slight increases in the rate of abortions during the late 2010s and early 2020s. Guttmacher says the abortion rate per 1,000 women ages 15 to 44 rose from 13.5 in 2017 to 14.4 in 2020. The CDC says it rose from 11.2 per 1,000 in 2017 to 11.4 in 2019, before falling back to 11.1 in 2020 and then rising again to 11.6 in 2021. (The CDC’s figures for those years exclude data from California, D.C., Maryland, New Hampshire and New Jersey.)

The CDC broadly divides abortions into two categories: surgical abortions and medication abortions, which involve pills. Since the Food and Drug Administration first approved abortion pills in 2000, their use has increased over time as a share of abortions nationally, according to both the CDC and Guttmacher.

The majority of abortions in the U.S. now involve pills, according to both the CDC and Guttmacher. The CDC says 56% of U.S. abortions in 2021 involved pills, up from 53% in 2020 and 44% in 2019. Its figures for 2021 include the District of Columbia and 44 states that provided this data; its figures for 2020 include D.C. and 44 states (though not all of the same states as in 2021), and its figures for 2019 include D.C. and 45 states.

Guttmacher, which measures this every three years, says 53% of U.S. abortions involved pills in 2020, up from 39% in 2017.

Two pills commonly used together for medication abortions are mifepristone, which, taken first, blocks hormones that support a pregnancy, and misoprostol, which then causes the uterus to empty. According to the FDA, medication abortions are safe until 10 weeks into pregnancy.

Surgical abortions conducted during the first trimester of pregnancy typically use a suction process, while the relatively few surgical abortions that occur during the second trimester of a pregnancy typically use a process called dilation and evacuation, according to the UCLA School of Medicine.

In 2020, there were 1,603 facilities in the U.S. that provided abortions, according to Guttmacher . This included 807 clinics, 530 hospitals and 266 physicians’ offices.

A horizontal stacked bar chart showing the total number of abortion providers down since 1982.

While clinics make up half of the facilities that provide abortions, they are the sites where the vast majority (96%) of abortions are administered, either through procedures or the distribution of pills, according to Guttmacher’s 2020 data. (This includes 54% of abortions that are administered at specialized abortion clinics and 43% at nonspecialized clinics.) Hospitals made up 33% of the facilities that provided abortions in 2020 but accounted for only 3% of abortions that year, while just 1% of abortions were conducted by physicians’ offices.

Looking just at clinics – that is, the total number of specialized abortion clinics and nonspecialized clinics in the U.S. – Guttmacher found the total virtually unchanged between 2017 (808 clinics) and 2020 (807 clinics). However, there were regional differences. In the Midwest, the number of clinics that provide abortions increased by 11% during those years, and in the West by 6%. The number of clinics decreased during those years by 9% in the Northeast and 3% in the South.

The total number of abortion providers has declined dramatically since the 1980s. In 1982, according to Guttmacher, there were 2,908 facilities providing abortions in the U.S., including 789 clinics, 1,405 hospitals and 714 physicians’ offices.

The CDC does not track the number of abortion providers.

In the District of Columbia and the 46 states that provided abortion and residency information to the CDC in 2021, 10.9% of all abortions were performed on women known to live outside the state where the abortion occurred – slightly higher than the percentage in 2020 (9.7%). That year, D.C. and 46 states (though not the same ones as in 2021) reported abortion and residency data. (The total number of abortions used in these calculations included figures for women with both known and unknown residential status.)

The share of reported abortions performed on women outside their state of residence was much higher before the 1973 Roe decision that stopped states from banning abortion. In 1972, 41% of all abortions in D.C. and the 20 states that provided this information to the CDC that year were performed on women outside their state of residence. In 1973, the corresponding figure was 21% in the District of Columbia and the 41 states that provided this information, and in 1974 it was 11% in D.C. and the 43 states that provided data.

In the District of Columbia and the 46 states that reported age data to the CDC in 2021, the majority of women who had abortions (57%) were in their 20s, while about three-in-ten (31%) were in their 30s. Teens ages 13 to 19 accounted for 8% of those who had abortions, while women ages 40 to 44 accounted for about 4%.

The vast majority of women who had abortions in 2021 were unmarried (87%), while married women accounted for 13%, according to the CDC , which had data on this from 37 states.

A pie chart showing that, in 2021, majority of abortions were for women who had never had one before.

In the District of Columbia, New York City (but not the rest of New York) and the 31 states that reported racial and ethnic data on abortion to the CDC , 42% of all women who had abortions in 2021 were non-Hispanic Black, while 30% were non-Hispanic White, 22% were Hispanic and 6% were of other races.

Looking at abortion rates among those ages 15 to 44, there were 28.6 abortions per 1,000 non-Hispanic Black women in 2021; 12.3 abortions per 1,000 Hispanic women; 6.4 abortions per 1,000 non-Hispanic White women; and 9.2 abortions per 1,000 women of other races, the CDC reported from those same 31 states, D.C. and New York City.

For 57% of U.S. women who had induced abortions in 2021, it was the first time they had ever had one, according to the CDC. For nearly a quarter (24%), it was their second abortion. For 11% of women who had an abortion that year, it was their third, and for 8% it was their fourth or more. These CDC figures include data from 41 states and New York City, but not the rest of New York.

A bar chart showing that most U.S. abortions in 2021 were for women who had previously given birth.

Nearly four-in-ten women who had abortions in 2021 (39%) had no previous live births at the time they had an abortion, according to the CDC . Almost a quarter (24%) of women who had abortions in 2021 had one previous live birth, 20% had two previous live births, 10% had three, and 7% had four or more previous live births. These CDC figures include data from 41 states and New York City, but not the rest of New York.

The vast majority of abortions occur during the first trimester of a pregnancy. In 2021, 93% of abortions occurred during the first trimester – that is, at or before 13 weeks of gestation, according to the CDC . An additional 6% occurred between 14 and 20 weeks of pregnancy, and about 1% were performed at 21 weeks or more of gestation. These CDC figures include data from 40 states and New York City, but not the rest of New York.

About 2% of all abortions in the U.S. involve some type of complication for the woman , according to an article in StatPearls, an online health care resource. “Most complications are considered minor such as pain, bleeding, infection and post-anesthesia complications,” according to the article.

The CDC calculates case-fatality rates for women from induced abortions – that is, how many women die from abortion-related complications, for every 100,000 legal abortions that occur in the U.S . The rate was lowest during the most recent period examined by the agency (2013 to 2020), when there were 0.45 deaths to women per 100,000 legal induced abortions. The case-fatality rate reported by the CDC was highest during the first period examined by the agency (1973 to 1977), when it was 2.09 deaths to women per 100,000 legal induced abortions. During the five-year periods in between, the figure ranged from 0.52 (from 1993 to 1997) to 0.78 (from 1978 to 1982).

The CDC calculates death rates by five-year and seven-year periods because of year-to-year fluctuation in the numbers and due to the relatively low number of women who die from legal induced abortions.

In 2020, the last year for which the CDC has information , six women in the U.S. died due to complications from induced abortions. Four women died in this way in 2019, two in 2018, and three in 2017. (These deaths all followed legal abortions.) Since 1990, the annual number of deaths among women due to legal induced abortion has ranged from two to 12.

The annual number of reported deaths from induced abortions (legal and illegal) tended to be higher in the 1980s, when it ranged from nine to 16, and from 1972 to 1979, when it ranged from 13 to 63. One driver of the decline was the drop in deaths from illegal abortions. There were 39 deaths from illegal abortions in 1972, the last full year before Roe v. Wade. The total fell to 19 in 1973 and to single digits or zero every year after that. (The number of deaths from legal abortions has also declined since then, though with some slight variation over time.)

The number of deaths from induced abortions was considerably higher in the 1960s than afterward. For instance, there were 119 deaths from induced abortions in 1963 and 99 in 1965 , according to reports by the then-U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, a precursor to the Department of Health and Human Services. The CDC is a division of Health and Human Services.

Note: This is an update of a post originally published May 27, 2022, and first updated June 24, 2022.

Support for legal abortion is widespread in many countries, especially in Europe

Nearly a year after roe’s demise, americans’ views of abortion access increasingly vary by where they live, by more than two-to-one, americans say medication abortion should be legal in their state, most latinos say democrats care about them and work hard for their vote, far fewer say so of gop, positive views of supreme court decline sharply following abortion ruling, most popular.

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An Act to amend and codify the law relating to intestate succession among Hindus Be it enacted by Parliament in the Seventh Year of the Republic of India as follows:-CHAPTER I: PRELIMINARY 1. Short title and extent (1) This Act may be called the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 (2) It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and ...
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Indian government provides many laws for protection of women. Constitutional law of India is supreme law in India, and by this law, fundamental rights are given to each and every person. Domestic violence is one of the gender-based violence against women in India, and women are protected by DV Act, 2005. Marital Rights and property rights are ...
Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research
IJLLR - Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research is an online bi-monthly law journal. The Journal revolves around Socio-legal topics and is not restricted to any particular field or subject of law. The Journal promotes interdisciplinary research entailing detailed study of law with other disciplines in the contemporary era.
Research Topics For law Students in 2023
Research topics on Family Law. ... Some research topics for law students in India in 2023 related to arbitration law are-The effectiveness of India's Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, in promoting arbitration as a preferred mode of dispute resolution, and the challenges faced by the arbitration industry in India. ...
What the data says about abortion in the U.S.
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