conclusion wine essay

Co-founded by Piyush and Lisa Patel, Conclusion Wines is a small, family-owned winery committed to crafting quality wines. That’s why each vintage is a limited production sourced from California’s premier vineyards. Great wines are meant to be shared, and at Conclusion, we recommend pairing our wines with the people you care about, and moments that mark the start of something new. Only when one chapter ends can you begin the next.

CABERNET SAUVIGNON

Bold, rich flavors and aromas of black currants, vanilla and crushed rock. Showcasing powerful tannins with dominate flavors of dark chocolate, cassis and blackberries. Delivering on taste with a long finish that is structured and balanced makes this handcrafted wine a must have in your cellar.

Baking spices, raspberries and violet aromas are met with wild berries, ripe dark fruits and black cherries on the palate. Medium body with a sweet mid-palate gives this wine great length and polished tannins. Pairs well with your Fall favorite stews and brick oven pizzas.

Aromas of stone fruit, melon, pears and vanilla bean roll over the nose and complement the palate with honey and ripe apples. French inspired with medium acidity balanced with texture and subtle oak creates a crowd-pleasing wine.

SAUVIGNON BLANC

Notes of white flowers, nectarine and pear reminisce on the nose reminding you of summertime. Flavors of ripe melon and minerality bring forward a refreshing wine with a balanced acidity and hint of wet stone. Perfect for picnics and relaxing on the porch.

THE STORYTELLER

Crisp, refreshing and subtle sweetness. Featuring aromas of white flowers, guava and nectarine delivering a palate of stone fruits, fresh pears and citrus. Acidity is balanced and complements the palate with a wine that will pair well with your summertime favorite dishes.

Our Rosé brings together a fresh blend of varietals that are in perfect harmony for a classic California Rosé. Light and pretty, this Rosé is crisp and dry with nice acidity and a soft mouthfeel. This wine is perfect for the summer months.

Our motto at Conclusion is to drink well and do well. That’s why you’ll find a random act of kindness on the cork of each bottle. What does your cork say? Snap a photo of your act of kindness and share it with us on social, or complete it privately. The choice is yours. We hope you’ll accept the challenge to help brighten someone’s day. When you’re done, pass the cork onto someone else so the random acts of kindness will continue to spread.

In 1996, Patrick Saboe was reshaping the Charleston, SC restaurant scene at nationally lauded Slightly North of Broad, when a honeymoon to California’s wine country changed his life. What began as an excuse to celebrate nuptials, transformed into a journey in pursuit of the perfect fermentation. Toward this end, Patrick traded kitchen tools for winemaking textbooks by enrolling in the Enology & Viticulture program at U.C. Davis.

While attending Davis, Patrick worked at Robert Sinskey Vineyards and assisted Dr. Andy Walker in the Pierce’s Disease Resistance Rootstock Breeding Program. Upon graduation, he became Harvest Enologist for Hanna Winery before becoming the Assistant Winemaker at Keller Estate. Here, Patrick gained valuable experience working closely with renowned winemaker, Michael McNeill (Hanzell), to produce multiple award-winning wines.

Patrick’s winemaking philosophy is simple: exceptional wines are made from exceptional fruit with exceptional care. We love working with Patrick because his philosophy on winemaking matches our own, and he pours his heart and soul into each barrel.

When he’s not crafting exceptional wine, Patrick spends time with his wife Dawn and three children Maddy, Claire and Jackson in Petaluma.

Our grapes are grown in some of the most sought after vineyards for winemaking in the United States.

We’re focusing on the greater impact and putting our efforts towards helping local charities in the great state we love and call home. Conclusion is the perfect blend for us; our home is in the heart of Oklahoma and our wine is crafted in the heart of Napa.

Over the years, bottles purchased have helped Infant Crisis Services provide 282,000 diapers to kids in Oklahoma. We’ve also helped generate revenue for Oklahoma Project Woman . We believe that together we can make a difference in a community and drink well to do well.

Rosé 90 Points – Wine Enthusiast

Chardonnay Silver Medal – LA International Wine Competition

Sauvignon Blanc 90 Points – Wine Enthusiast

The Storyteller 92 Points – Wine Enthusiast Silver Medal – Harvest Challenge

Pinot Noir 88 Points – Wine Enthusiast Double Gold – Harvest Challenge Best of Class – Harvest Challenge Gold Medal – Oklahoma State Fair Silver Medal – Critics Challenge Silver Medal – SF International Wine Competition

Cabernet Sauvignon 90 Points – Wine Enthusiast Double Gold – SF International Wine Competition (Label Design) Gold Medal – Oklahoma State Fair Silver Medal – Sunset International Wine Competition Silver Medal – SF International Wine Competition

RESEARCH PAPERS

Candidates must pass all three elements of the MW exam in order to become a Master of Wine – first the practical papers and theory papers, then finally the research paper (the RP). 

Here you will find the latest RPs on a variety of topics which have been written, marked and passed. 

The topics cover almost every facet of the world of wine, from the causes of the 1911 Champagne riots to wine in 17th Century English poetry to more technical aspects of viticulture and wine production. 

The aim of the RP is to examine whether a candidate possesses the required set of research, analytical, and communication skills to deliver an in-depth study report comparable to a professional piece of work commissioned by any member of the global wine community.

DOWNLOAD AN RP

Anyone can read an RP, you don’t have to be an MW, MW student or even in the wine trade. As these are exam papers, the IMW does not publish them, but a paper can be released to you after the IMW receives assurances that it won’t be published or disseminated further. However, some RPs are not available for reasons of commercial sensitivity. To download an RP, select the paper(s) you would like to read and agree to the terms and conditions.

Sustainable accreditation for UK wine distributors – investigating the impact of B Corp certification on wine distributors: a case study of North South Wines

Emily Brighton MW

Developing effective wine educators: integrating the theory of pedagogical content knowledge into wine educator train-the-trainer programmes (RP NOT CURRENTLY AVAILABLE)

Christopher Martin MW

Sparkling assets? An analysis of the contributing factors behind the growth in value of the secondary market for investment level champagne from the 2002, 2008 & 2012 vintages (RP NOT CURRENTLY AVAILABLE)

Robert Mathias MW

An investigation into the development of English tank method sparkling wines (REDACTED VERSION TO PROTECT COMMERCIAL/SENSITIVE DATA)

Dror Nativ MW

Comparative analysis of different tartaric stabilization techniques, including the impact of new ingredient labelling rules, for Grillo and Nero d’Avola wines from Sicily (RP NOT CURRENTLY AVAILABLE)

Pietro Russo MW

Towards a Tokaj classification. Applying the Austrian Erste Lagen approach to Hungary (REDACTED VERSION TO PROTECT COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Wojciech Bońkowski MW

Evaluating Phenology Shifts of Cabernet Franc, Chardonnay, and Merlot in Virginia by the Mid-21st Century

Joshua Grainer MW

A study of wine references in the lyrics of two American artists, Bob Dylan and the Grateful Dead, in songs from the 1960s and 1970s

Erin Jolley MW

Pergola and VSP in Valpolicella: how labour demand and current challenges impact training system choices (RP NOT CURRENTLY AVAILABLE)

Andrea Lonardi MW

The evolving language of minerality in wine tasting: A case study of Decanter tasting notes 1976-2019

Justin Martindale MW

How do the mechanics of investing in fine wine impact its viability as an alternative asset class? (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Jonny Orton MW

The application of video to consumer wine tastings — an investigation into consumer experiences and outcomes

Claire Blackler MW

Influences of classical music on the perception of a Brut non-vintage Champagne

Susan Lin MW

‘A bottle of good solid edifying Port… (and) this plaguy French Claret’: investigating the political, economic, and social significance of wine drinking and intoxication in eighteenth-century English literature

What factors impacted the presence of American wines on US wine lists during the period 1900-1950?

Kryss Speegle MW

Okanagan: a potential signature red variety?

Siobhan Turner MW

An analysis of the different labelling options for traditional method sparkling wines in the region of Penedès (REDACTED VERSION TO PROTECT COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Álvaro Ribalta MW

The evolution of Grenache Noir in California: trends in production and opportunities for the future (RP NOT CURRENTLY AVAILABLE)

James Doidge MW

The impact of future climate changes on the production of Sauvignon Blanc wines in Marlborough, New Zealand

Michael Henley MW

What is the relationship between the use of sulphur dioxide and biogenic amine levels in wine?

Sophie Parker-Thomson MW

Could the environmental impact of wine packaging affect purchasing decisions of retail wine buyers in New York City?

Melissa Saunders MW

An investigation into the impact of cannabis production on viticulture in Sonoma County

Clare Tooley MW

Quercetin precipitation in Brunello di Montalcino. What are the organic fining options to prevent this phenomenon occurring in bottle? (REDACTED VERSION TO PROTECT COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Gabriele Gorelli MW

Arrived with COVID-19, here to stay? Experiences of German wineries with online wine tastings (REDACTED VERSION TO PROTECT COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Moritz Nikolaus Lueke MW

Quercetin precipitation in Brunello di Montalcino. What are the organic fining options to prevent this phenomenon occurring in bottle?  (REDACTED VERSION TO PROTECT COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

An analysis of the different labelling options for traditional method sparkling wines in the region of Penedès (REDACTED VERSION TO PROTECT COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Arrived with COVID-19, here to stay? Experiences of German wineries with online wine tastings (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

An investigation into the current cellar door practices of Great Britain’s wine producers. What part might they play in the future growth of the industry?

Mike Best MW

A study into Ontario’s quest for global fine wine recognition.

Jacqueline Cole Blisson MW

Online wine tasting courses in Norway. Examining the quality of corrective feedback through an online platform and the opportunities for development

Heidi Hansen MW

An investigation into whether the Tasmanian GI should be sub-divided

Annette Lacey MW

Does wine tasting education improve performance in qualitative assessment of spirits?

William Lowe MW

Can premium wines be marketed in single serve cans in the UK retail market?

Adam Porter MW

Dry white wines from Grand Cru Classé Sauternes: Perceptions of négociants, châteaux and key market retailers on the market performance and market potential of these wines (REDACTED VERSION TO PROTECT COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Tracey Dobbin MW

How effective is it to use the reduced carbon footprint of bulk shipping and UK bottling as a marketing message? (REDACTED VERSION TO PROTECT COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Beth Pearce MW

An investigation into the challenges faced by the Prosecco DOC producers since 2010 (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Nick Bielak MW

Land and winery ownership in Napa Valley from 1998-2018: historical, legal, and economic factors affecting vineyards and wineries and the resulting current opportunities and limitations for ownership (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Vanessa Conlin MW

Cahors AOC hierarchisation project, a case study from 1991 to 2019 (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Methods of preserving freshness in opened bottles of wine

Duane Coates MW

A scientific study comparing the influence of three different strains of Oenococcus oeni on malolactic fermentation kinetics and chemical properties relating to the colour and flavour of Pinot Noir wine from Burgundy

Róisín Curley MW

A sustainability scheme for the UK wine production industry

Elizabeth Kelly MW

Grapevine leafroll virus crisis in Israel. How has the industry been affected and what is it doing to combat the disease?

Ido Lewinsohn MW

A case study: Factors affecting wine club termination for nine California wineries

Geoffrey Moss MW

How will climate change be influencing viticulture in British Columbia’s Okanagan Valley by the 2050s?

Ross Wise MW

An analysis of the use of crowdfunding methods as a tool for financing new vineyard and winery projects worldwide from the perspective of wine entrepreneurs  (REDACTED VERSION TO PROTECT COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Christophe Heynen MW

An investigation into consumer attitudes toward vegan and vegetarian wine in Canada (REDACTED VERSION TO PROTECT COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Louise Wilson MW

Examining the impact of market visits by winery principals on brand performance in the premium on-trade channel in Dubai (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Beans Boughton MW

Wine distributors’ views regarding the current and future status of the restaurant supply chain in Finland (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Pasi Ketolainen MW

California consumer understanding and preference for US Chardonnay styles (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Curtis Mann MW

An investigation into the chemical and sensory elements in the use of specific inactivated yeast in bulk-shipped Marlborough Sauvignon Blanc (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Ray O’Connor MW

A study into Ontario’s quest for global fine wine recognition

A Case Study: Factors affecting wine club termination for nine California wineries

Dry white wines from Grands Crus Classés Sauternes: Perceptions of négociants, châteaux and key market retailers on the market performance and market potential of these wines (REDACTED VERSION TO PROTECT COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

An analysis of the use of crowdfunding methods as a tool for financing new vineyard and winery projects worldwide from the perspective of wine entrepreneurs (REDACTED VERSION TO PROTECT COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Examining the impact of market visits by winery principals on brand performance in the premium on-trade channel in Dubai (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Ray O’Connor MW

Why and how Champagne producers should react to the development of English sparkling wine sales

Edouard Baijot MW

The threats posed by government regulation to the sale of wine in the United Kingdom

Dominic Farnsworth MW

Depictions of grapes, vines and wine in the work of four seventeenth century English poets

Nicholas Jackson MW 

A critical assessment of Finnish on-trade wine education – satisfaction levels and opportunities for development and improvement

Heidi Mäkinen MW

Investigating the gender gap A study into the career paths of The University of Adelaide’s oenology graduates

Harriet Tindal MW

The impact of acidity adjustments on the sensory perception of a Californian Chardonnay

Gus Jian Zhu MW

Evaluating the effect of training staff in wine knowledge at Systembolaget with regards to customer satisfaction ratings (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Jonas Röjerman MW

Current opportunities and threats for ProWein, Vinexpo, Vinitaly and LWF – An investigation into ProWein exhibitors’ attitudes towards European wine trade shows (Summary)

Thomas Curtius MW

Online wine education – comparing motivations, satisfactions and outcomes of online vs. classroom students

Lydia Harrison MW

How do winemakers in Australia make choices between traditional and innovative methods of oaking their wines

Brendan Jansen MW

The sensory effects of different lactic acid bacteria on wine

Christine Marsiglio MW 

Travel Shock! An investigation into the impact of air freight and road transport on an aged, full-bodied red wine

Jonas Tofterup MW

Exploring the potential of Marselan production in China (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Julien Boulard MW

Portfolio management strategies of major Chinese wine importers: an analysis of the evolving mainland Chinese import market 2008-2018 (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Edward Ragg MW

The Swartland in transition; obscurity to recognition 2010-2016

Cassidy Dart MW

Challenges and opportunities for selling wines in premium New York City restaurants

Olga Karapanou Crawford MW

Stock Movement for 2005 Red Bordeaux purchased En Primeur through a UK Wine Merchant 2006-2016: Have Buyers’ Intentions Changed? 

Thomas Parker MW

Impact of selected fining agents on the phenolic content and the aromatic intensity of Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains

Nicolas Quillé MW

Comparative analysis of filtration techniques for young oaked Tempranillo wines from Ribera del Duero (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Almudena Alberca MW 

The value of relationship building in the wine industry: an analysis of trade customer visits to producers and their impact on sales (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Regine Lee MW

Grape Compass: evaluating the results of a fungal disease pressure forecast software application for Western Cape grape growers (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Job de Swart MW

The influence of vocabulary on perception of wine: tasting tannins in Barolo and Brunello

Barbara Drew MW

Consumer appeal of Appassimento Wines – redacted version

Elsa Macdonald MW

A study of water monitoring technology in the drought affected counties of San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara and San Diego: current usage, attitudes towards technologies and factors that influence adoption

Lindsay Pomeroy MW

Crowdsourced ratings for wine: exploring the rise of the consumer critic and its impact on purchasing behaviour in a USA retail environment

Martin Reyes MW

Assessing market potential for imported wine: a case study of the Washington D.C. metro market (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Caroline Hermann MW

What are the attitudes and perceptions of Jurançon sec within the London independent off-trade and what is the potential for this style within this channel? (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Simon Milroy MW

Reserve wine use in Brut NV Champagne: trends, causes and implications (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Tim Triptree MW

Research Paper: How can dry Assyrtiko from Santorini establish itself as a recognised ‘fine wine’ in the eyes of London’s premium on-trade?

Mark Andrew MW

The Itata region in Chile: how have the region’s origins impacted its present? An assessment of the opportunities for development and investment in the region

Alistair Cooper MW 

How did Lebanese wine emerge as a territorial wine brand in the 25 years that followed the civil war ending in 1990? Mistakes made and lessons learnt

Emma Dawson MW

Did a bubble burst for Bordeaux Cru Classe prices in 2011? What might the future for prices hold?

Philip Harden MW

Elementary consumer wine education: UK market size, characteristics and significance to the trade​s

Tim Jackson MW

Anthocyanin Sequestration: Can Sulfur Dioxide be used proactively pre-fermentation to increase polymeric pigment formation in Oregon Pinot Noir and Washington Syrah

Billo Naravane MW

A review of late 19th century planting practices in Californian vineyards and their relevance to today’s viticulture. A research paper based upon Bedrock Vineyard, planted in 1888

Morgan Twain-Peterson MW 

Norwegian women’s attitudes to health and alcohol: their receptivity to “healthy” wine brands (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL/SENSITIVE DATA)

Julie Chéné Nyheim MW

Proposals for creating a revised wine quality classification in Denomination of Origin (DO) Campo de Borja, with recommendations for potential implementation in other DOs in Spain (NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL/SENSITIVE DATA)

Fernando Mora MW

Exploring the efficacy of different barrel cleaning procedures on Brettanomyces bruxellensis and Acetobacter spp populations and the relative financial and environmental benefits of each treatment

Nova Cadamatre MW

The prospects for Syrah in the vineyards of Hermitage: A climate assessment in the Northern Rhône AOP

Jeremy Cukierman MW

What factor(s) caused a rise in Cabernet Sauvignon acreage throughout Napa Valley from 1961-1976?

Ashley Hausman MW 

Purchasing cues of Millennial Chinese online wine consumers

Sarah Heller MW

The use of long-term contracts in grape procurement – a study of current practices in the D.O. Ribera del Duero

Andreas Kubach MW 

Sancerre’s single vineyard wines versus formal cru classification systems: an investigation of Les Monts Damnés, Les Culs de Beaujeu, and Chêne Marchand

Catherine Petrie MW 

​Observations on the sensory and chemical differences in dry white and rosé wines bottled and stored in clear glass and UV-protected clear glass

Nigel Sneyd MW

An analysis of the impact of declining farm labour immigration on vineyard operations in Sonoma and Napa counties over the last decade (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL/SENSITIVE DATA)

David Forer MW

Wines in PET bottles in the Norwegian monopoly market: a study of the top-sellers and the monopoly’s role in the sales of these wines (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL/SENSITIVE DATA)

Aina Mee Myhre MW

Is there an economic benefit in producing under a Cru Label Designation? If there is, what are the reasons?

Richard Ballantyne MW​ 

What is the effect of serving temperature on the sensory attributes of Tawny Port and Ruby Port?

Barbara Boyle MW

Awareness, attitude and usage of wine among SEC A urban Indian wine consumers.

Sonal Holland MW

An investigation into the exceptions for wine in the Volstead Act: What impact did these exceptions have on grape growing and wine production in Napa Valley during US Prohibition?

Mary Margaret McCamic MW

The quantification of the variability of Mesoclimates among important vineyard regions in Israel.

Eran Pick MW

What is the current and future role of wine agencies in the UK multiple off trade?

Ana-Emilia Sapungiu MW 

The Colheita and Frasqueira Classifications: A Study of the Legal Framework and Key Themes in the Production of Vintage Madeira. (REDACTED VERSION TO PROTECT COMMERCIAL / SENSITIVE DATA)

Matthew Forster MW

Buying behaviour of multi-channel retail wine consumers in Switzerland in store and online – using the market leader Coop as an example. (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL/SENSITIVE DATA)

Jan Schwarzenbach MW

A Comparative Study of Winter Vine Burial Practices in Ningxia and Hebei (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL/SENSITIVE DATA)

Fongyee Walker MW

An assessment of the sensorial, economic and analytical impacts of fining agents without allergen compounds on a commercially important red wine on the Swiss Market.

Ivan Barbic MW

Coravin wine by the glass programs in the US restaurant market: effectiveness, functionality and marketing best practice.

Matt Deller MW

To what extent can the white wines of Saint-Aubin compete with the village-level white wines of Puligny-Montrachet and Chassagne-Montrachet in the London independent wine retail sector?

Jeremy Lithgow MW

An investigation into the attitudes of UK independent wine merchants towards the wines of Sardinia.

Mick O’Connell MW

Has climate change occurred in the Barossa Valley over the last 50 years and if so, howhave vine growers adapted to any changes.

Mark Pygott MW​

Prospects for Australian luxury wine growth among importers in key US markets.

Bree Stock MW

Investigation into the increased sales of Picpoul de Pinet in the UK on and off trade between 2010-2015. (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL/SENSITIVE DATA)

Iain Munson MW

An evaluation of the market position of Reserva and Gran Reserva Cava in the London On and Off-trade. (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL/SENSITIVE DATA)

Lenka Sedlackova MW 

The coincidence of a global financial crisis and oversupply – an analysis of Marlborough’s controversial 2008 vintage and its consequences.

Stephen Wong MW​

The Colheita and Frasqueira Classifications: A Study of the Legal Framework and Key Themes in the Production of Vintage Madeira. (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL/SENSITIVE DATA)

The effects of the late season (Autumn/Fall) frost on Okanagan Valley Syrah (Shiraz) grape on table wine composition, utilising chemical and descriptive analysis.

Marcus Ansems MW

Digital direct marketing for premium wineries in Germany: current use and future potential.

Konstantin Baum MW

A comparison of three bentonites in Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc: an Australian winery study.

Wendy Cameron MW

Anthropological case study into the motivation behind wine gifting in a premium retail environment. 

Dawn Davies MW

Were the causes of the 1911 Champagne riots essentially economic? 

Rebecca Gibb MW

Reasons for the rise in alcohol levels in Naoussa PDO wines.

Yiannis Karakasis MW

Wine lists in quality sushi restaurants in Tokyo: the status quo and opportunities for change.

Kenichi Ohashi MW

Back to the Future: determination of Superior Parcels within a VDP.Grosse Lage through a comparison of historical sources with current scientific measures.

Janek Schumann MW

An investigation into how UK bricks and mortar independent wine merchants use websites to complement their retail shops.

Emma Symington MW

The effect on consumer purchasing decisions of profiling wines by the Finnish alcohol monopoly Alko’s flavour types. (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL/SENSITIVE DATA)  

Taina Vilkuna MW

Attitudes of the NYC Wine Trade towards Finger Lakes Cabernet Franc.

Mollie Battenhouse MW

Does glassware have an impact on the sensory perception of Champagne? An investigation into the relative influences of physico-chemical and psychological processes in the sensory perception of two Pinot Noir-dominant Brut NV champagnes.

Victoria MacKenzie MW

Ingredient labelling on wine: an investigation into Irish consumer attitudes.

Lynne Coyle MW 

Does premium Franconian Silvaner (PFS) have enough sustainable advantages and producer support to justify its expensive vineyard plantings in the future?

Romana Echensperger MW

How have trends in the publication of consumer wine books changed since 1914, and how does this inform their present prospects?

Richard Hemming MW

An assessment of Retailer and Sommelier attitudes toward VQA Sparkling Wine in Ontario.

Eugene Mlynczyk MW

The Australian fine wine consumer online: involvement, characteristics, motivation and associated behaviour in the fine wine off-premise wine market. 

Andrea Pritzker MW

Clos de la Roche: the creation of a Grand Cru. 

Ying Tan MW 

What is the relative importance when using a member’s (amateur’s) positive review versus an expert’s positive review on sales within The Wine Society? (RP NOT AVAILABLE FOR DISSEMINATION DUE TO COMMERCIAL/SENSITIVE DATA)

Sarah Knowles MW

NEARLY THERE

I understand that this RP is for my personal use ONLY and I will not publish or disseminate it further.

RESEARCH PAPER UNAVAILABLE

This RP contains commercial/sensitive information and is not available for general download. 

Wine Essays

Have no time? Stuck with ideas? We have collected a lot of interesting and useful Wine essay topics for you in one place to help you quickly and accurately complete your college assignment! Check out our essay examples on Wine and you will surely find something to your liking!

The process of wine tasting consists of three essential steps, which are: Visual examination Olfactory inspection Gustatory assessment Introduction: A. Being a wine lover, I have always believed in Benjamin Franklin’s statement that wine can enhance our daily life and make it more enjoyable. Wine has accompanied me throughout all the important moments of my […]

Background In late 1998, Ron McManis found himself at a crossroads regarding his family owned business. Currently, McManis enjoys moderate success as a mid-sized, Central Valley grape grower who sells his product to wineries in the valley. His plot of land allows him to produce high quality grapes in an area known for cheaper wines. […]

The Robert Mondavi Winery, established in Oakville, California in 1966 by Robert Mondavi after his separation from his brother, who he previously ran a wine maker with. The Los Angeles Times recognized Mondavi’s Cabernet Sauvignon 1969 as the best wine produced in California just three years later. The Mondavi Winery operates based on three core […]

We are introduced to the first character Shirley. She likes wine whilst cooking. ‘Everybody drinks wine now’ suggests that she is making an attempt to fit in. second character is introduced. ‘Our Millandra.’I miss them kidsDescription of her children. Brian and Millandra. Brian is a poet who lives in a squat whilst Millandra is an excited youth. […]

Tartuffe, a play written by Moliere in 19th century France during King Louis XIV’s reign, delves into the world of Parisian high society, religion, and the prominent issue of religious hypocrisy. The story follows Tartuffe, a religious fraud who deceives Orgon, a wealthy merchant, into letting him stay in his happy household by pretending to […]

Executive Summary Modern Liquor Distributors Pty Ltd is an alternative distribution company for a wide range of alcohol. Unlike the traditional alcohol distributor, our company provides a unique service for alcohol distribution service through the medium of mobile phones.This marketing plan is designed to give us a blueprint for marketing alcohol distribution service, SMS. We […]

From the study of the Vincor case study it is clear that acquisitions and mergers have been the instrumental in the growth of the company. Vincor was itself a combination of many Canadian wineries and was formed with a management buyout of Ridout Wines (Ridout) from John Labatt Ltd. All the three major growth stages […]

Impact Databank Review and Forecast 2001 Report the wine market was 2. 55 billion cases, which is expected to increase by 120 million cases by the year 2010. The rate of growth was 2. 2 percent in the year 2001 and increased by another 1. 2 percent in 2002. The chief growth area is expected […]

This graph indicates that as the time increases the concentration of sulfur dioxide in wine also increased. This opposed the hypothesis as it was predicted that as the time increased the concentration of sulfur dioxide in wine would decrease. Conclusion: The purpose of this experiment was to see how the concentration of sulfur dioxide as […]

Introduction This portion presents a synopsis of the current employment situation, including objectives, scope, and limitations. The importance of the survey which includes the definition of footings and conceptual model is discussed in this text. Additionally, the background of the survey is provided, indicating that students in various areas of Dasmarinas are facing difficulties in […]

A Macro-Environmental Analysis of the Wine Industry in Turkey A factor that influence a company’s or product’s development but that is outside of the company’s control is known as macro environment. In this paper. all dimensions that affect that wine industry in Turkey are investigated. It is of import to detect the vino industry in […]

It is impossible to set a date as to the first time fermentation was performed. It is possible, however, to guess, and this guess is roughly 8,000 years ago. Wine has been written about for centuries, in the Greek and Roman myths and scriptures. The Greek god of wine, Dionysius, was in charge of the […]

The movie “Days of wine and roses” is an absorbing, realistic, yet frightening account of how alcohol can consume the life of an entire family and affect the lives of all those around them. In my opinion, this is one of the best, if not the best non-documentary type of movie that portrays the effects […]

The global wine industry is estimated to be in size of $130 billion to $180 billion in retail sales which is attributed in three types of wine: Table wine (alcohol level 14%) and sparkling where Table wine accounted for the major share of the market. The table wine market is further divided into five principal […]

The grape, also known as Vitis vinifera, is a popular fruit in India and belongs to the Vitaceae family. It is highly appreciated for its delicious taste, refreshing qualities, and nutritional advantages. The grape contains essential minerals like calcium, phosphorus, and iron, along with vitamins B1 and B2. Because of these nutrients, it serves as […]

The management of Beringer Blass is working to build a strong global presence for their company. Beringer Blass has successfully opened offices in the three key world wine markets – North America, Asia Pacific, and United Kingdom/Europe – and has established distribution networks in the United States, Asia, Europe, and Australia. Beringer Blass’s global expansion […]

In the old world, fruits are exposed to moisture, precipitation, cloudy weather, and a shorter growing season. This requires farmers to harvest the fruits earlier which impacts the acidity level of the wine. The old-world wine has characteristics hinting at flavors of mushroom, leather, minerals, and tobacco. However, these are merely metaphorical descriptions; no traces […]

Wine as a beverage and drink is produced by many countries around the world. Italy, France and Spain are just but to name a few who serve as some of the main producers of the said product. As it may be known, these wines may vary with countries since the contents involved in its production […]

Teliani Valley PLC is a modernized version of traditional Georgian wine production, incorporating the expertise and passion of young professionals. In 2004, Teliani Valley formed a strategic partnership with the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), allowing them to acquire shares and make significant advancements. Through this investment, Teliani Valley was able to construct […]

BRL Hardy: Globalizing an Australian wine company 1. What are the specific factors that have contributed to the remarkable success of BRL Hardy following its merger? The post-merger newly created company has benefited from: _ Hardy’s award winning traditional quality company with marketing expertise and strong image. _ BRL’s fortified, bulk and value wines and […]

The Spring Is Beautiful in California. Valleys in which the fruit blossoms are fragrant pink and white waters in a shallow sea. Then the first tendrils of the grapes swelling from the old gnarled vines, cascade down to cover the trunks. The full green hills are round and soft as breasts. And on the level […]

Introduction 1 Strength Italy is situated is the center of the Mediterranean Sea. The main strength of geographical location is that Italy belongs to the coasts of four different seas (Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea and Ligurian Sea). There are two large mountain ranges in Italy: Alps and Apennines. It is a big plus […]

Popular Questions About Wine

Haven't found what you were looking for, search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards.

• Enter your topic/question
• Receive an explanation
• Ask one question at a time
• Enter a specific assignment topic
• Aim at least 500 characters
• a topic sentence that states the main or controlling idea
• supporting sentences to explain and develop the point you’re making
• evidence from your reading or an example from the subject area that supports your point
• analysis of the implication/significance/impact of the evidence finished off with a critical conclusion you have drawn from the evidence.

• Entertainment
• Environment
• Information Science and Technology
• Social Issues

Home Essay Samples Food

Essay Samples on Wine

Indian retail wine industry: opportunity for growth and development.

This paper studies the factors favouring the growth of the Indian retail wine Industry in Mumbai. With the rapid increase in wine consumption amongst the 20-30 year-olds due to high disposable incomes and enhanced lifestyles, wine is seen to be gradually moving away from the...

Wine Tourism as a Wine Business Function

Wine has a more soothing effects than any other drink. It can be said that wine has the capability of infusing its consumers with different pleasure by opening their senses of sight, smell, taste, and touch like no other drink. It appeals from the moment...

Wine Tourism and Its Effects on the Tourist Industry and Promotion of Wine

Introduction Wine has a more soothing effects than any other drink. It can be said that wine has the capability of infusing its consumers with different pleasure by opening their senses of sight, smell, taste, and touch like no other drink. It appeals from the...

Thresholds of Wine and the Culture Surrounding It

Introduction Wine is of great economic, cultural, and symbolic value in today's society. People can travel across the globe to visit globally renowned wineries and are willing to spend hundreds of dollars on a good bottle of wine. It is a major industry and provides...

• Culture and Communication

Marketing Strategy Implementation in the Wine Industry

Executive Summary Robert Mondavi Corporation (Mondavi), is a large family owned winery and strong player in the premium wine industry with sales of $480M in 2001. Much of Mondavi’s success can be attributed to their geographic focus on California and their deliberate and controlled growth,...

• Marketing Strategy

Stressed out with your paper?

Consider using writing assistance:

• 100% unique papers
• 3 hrs deadline option

Oenological Tannins' Effect On Wine Composition And Sensory Properties

The wine industry has been exploring new and innovative ideas for the vinification process for a number of years. The role that these methods will play on the wine sensory and analytical composition is of specific importance. Finding alternative methods allows the industry to evolve...

• What Is History

The Embodiment of Popular Art in Wine Bottle Labels

What is popular art? One widespread conception of popular art is paintings, and Pablo Picasso, Leonardo da Vinci, and Vincent van Gogh have captivated popular culture for centuries. Another widespread conception involves musicians, and Kendrick Lamar, Usher, and Mozart all have concocted significant musical creations...

• Organic Food

Wine Country: Comparing the Provinces of Burgundy and Bordeaux

When it comes to things that people consume there is always a rating or ranking system out in place to compare each product against another product. Burgundy is a region with in France that produces wine. Bordeaux is also a place within France that produces...

Best topics on Wine

1. Indian Retail Wine Industry: Opportunity for Growth and Development

2. Wine Tourism as a Wine Business Function

3. Wine Tourism and Its Effects on the Tourist Industry and Promotion of Wine

4. Thresholds of Wine and the Culture Surrounding It

5. Marketing Strategy Implementation in the Wine Industry

6. Oenological Tannins’ Effect On Wine Composition And Sensory Properties

7. The Embodiment of Popular Art in Wine Bottle Labels

8. Wine Country: Comparing the Provinces of Burgundy and Bordeaux

• Western Diet
• Pastry Chef

Need writing help?

You can always rely on us no matter what type of paper you need

*No hidden charges

100% Unique Essays

Absolutely Confidential

Money Back Guarantee

By clicking “Send Essay”, you agree to our Terms of service and Privacy statement. We will occasionally send you account related emails

You can also get a UNIQUE essay on this or any other topic

Thank you! We’ll contact you as soon as possible.

Have a language expert improve your writing

Run a free plagiarism check in 10 minutes, generate accurate citations for free.

• Knowledge Base
• How to conclude an essay | Interactive example

How to Conclude an Essay | Interactive Example

Published on January 24, 2019 by Shona McCombes . Revised on July 23, 2023.

The conclusion is the final paragraph of your essay . A strong conclusion aims to:

• Tie together the essay’s main points
• Show why your argument matters
• Leave the reader with a strong impression

Your conclusion should give a sense of closure and completion to your argument, but also show what new questions or possibilities it has opened up.

This conclusion is taken from our annotated essay example , which discusses the history of the Braille system. Hover over each part to see why it’s effective.

Braille paved the way for dramatic cultural changes in the way blind people were treated and the opportunities available to them. Louis Braille’s innovation was to reimagine existing reading systems from a blind perspective, and the success of this invention required sighted teachers to adapt to their students’ reality instead of the other way around. In this sense, Braille helped drive broader social changes in the status of blindness. New accessibility tools provide practical advantages to those who need them, but they can also change the perspectives and attitudes of those who do not.

Instantly correct all language mistakes in your text

Upload your document to correct all your mistakes in minutes

Table of contents

Step 1: return to your thesis, step 2: review your main points, step 3: show why it matters, what shouldn’t go in the conclusion, more examples of essay conclusions, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about writing an essay conclusion.

To begin your conclusion, signal that the essay is coming to an end by returning to your overall argument.

Don’t just repeat your thesis statement —instead, try to rephrase your argument in a way that shows how it has been developed since the introduction.

Prevent plagiarism. Run a free check.

Next, remind the reader of the main points that you used to support your argument.

Avoid simply summarizing each paragraph or repeating each point in order; try to bring your points together in a way that makes the connections between them clear. The conclusion is your final chance to show how all the paragraphs of your essay add up to a coherent whole.

To wrap up your conclusion, zoom out to a broader view of the topic and consider the implications of your argument. For example:

• Does it contribute a new understanding of your topic?
• Does it raise new questions for future study?
• Does it lead to practical suggestions or predictions?
• Can it be applied to different contexts?
• Can it be connected to a broader debate or theme?

Whatever your essay is about, the conclusion should aim to emphasize the significance of your argument, whether that’s within your academic subject or in the wider world.

Try to end with a strong, decisive sentence, leaving the reader with a lingering sense of interest in your topic.

The easiest way to improve your conclusion is to eliminate these common mistakes.

Don’t include new evidence

Any evidence or analysis that is essential to supporting your thesis statement should appear in the main body of the essay.

The conclusion might include minor pieces of new information—for example, a sentence or two discussing broader implications, or a quotation that nicely summarizes your central point. But it shouldn’t introduce any major new sources or ideas that need further explanation to understand.

Don’t use “concluding phrases”

Avoid using obvious stock phrases to tell the reader what you’re doing:

• “In conclusion…”
• “To sum up…”

These phrases aren’t forbidden, but they can make your writing sound weak. By returning to your main argument, it will quickly become clear that you are concluding the essay—you shouldn’t have to spell it out.

Don’t undermine your argument

Avoid using apologetic phrases that sound uncertain or confused:

• “This is just one approach among many.”
• “There are good arguments on both sides of this issue.”
• “There is no clear answer to this problem.”

Even if your essay has explored different points of view, your own position should be clear. There may be many possible approaches to the topic, but you want to leave the reader convinced that yours is the best one!

Receive feedback on language, structure, and formatting

Professional editors proofread and edit your paper by focusing on:

• Academic style
• Vague sentences
• Style consistency

See an example

• Argumentative
• Literary analysis

This conclusion is taken from an argumentative essay about the internet’s impact on education. It acknowledges the opposing arguments while taking a clear, decisive position.

The internet has had a major positive impact on the world of education; occasional pitfalls aside, its value is evident in numerous applications. The future of teaching lies in the possibilities the internet opens up for communication, research, and interactivity. As the popularity of distance learning shows, students value the flexibility and accessibility offered by digital education, and educators should fully embrace these advantages. The internet’s dangers, real and imaginary, have been documented exhaustively by skeptics, but the internet is here to stay; it is time to focus seriously on its potential for good.

This conclusion is taken from a short expository essay that explains the invention of the printing press and its effects on European society. It focuses on giving a clear, concise overview of what was covered in the essay.

The invention of the printing press was important not only in terms of its immediate cultural and economic effects, but also in terms of its major impact on politics and religion across Europe. In the century following the invention of the printing press, the relatively stationary intellectual atmosphere of the Middle Ages gave way to the social upheavals of the Reformation and the Renaissance. A single technological innovation had contributed to the total reshaping of the continent.

This conclusion is taken from a literary analysis essay about Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein . It summarizes what the essay’s analysis achieved and emphasizes its originality.

By tracing the depiction of Frankenstein through the novel’s three volumes, I have demonstrated how the narrative structure shifts our perception of the character. While the Frankenstein of the first volume is depicted as having innocent intentions, the second and third volumes—first in the creature’s accusatory voice, and then in his own voice—increasingly undermine him, causing him to appear alternately ridiculous and vindictive. Far from the one-dimensional villain he is often taken to be, the character of Frankenstein is compelling because of the dynamic narrative frame in which he is placed. In this frame, Frankenstein’s narrative self-presentation responds to the images of him we see from others’ perspectives. This conclusion sheds new light on the novel, foregrounding Shelley’s unique layering of narrative perspectives and its importance for the depiction of character.

If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

• Ad hominem fallacy
• Post hoc fallacy
• Appeal to authority fallacy
• False cause fallacy
• Sunk cost fallacy

College essays

• Choosing Essay Topic
• Write a College Essay
• Write a Diversity Essay
• College Essay Format & Structure
• Comparing and Contrasting in an Essay

 (AI) Tools

• Grammar Checker
• Paraphrasing Tool
• Text Summarizer
• AI Detector
• Plagiarism Checker
• Citation Generator

Your essay’s conclusion should contain:

• A rephrased version of your overall thesis
• A brief review of the key points you made in the main body
• An indication of why your argument matters

The conclusion may also reflect on the broader implications of your argument, showing how your ideas could applied to other contexts or debates.

For a stronger conclusion paragraph, avoid including:

• Important evidence or analysis that wasn’t mentioned in the main body
• Generic concluding phrases (e.g. “In conclusion…”)
• Weak statements that undermine your argument (e.g. “There are good points on both sides of this issue.”)

Your conclusion should leave the reader with a strong, decisive impression of your work.

The conclusion paragraph of an essay is usually shorter than the introduction . As a rule, it shouldn’t take up more than 10–15% of the text.

Cite this Scribbr article

If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.

McCombes, S. (2023, July 23). How to Conclude an Essay | Interactive Example. Scribbr. Retrieved March 20, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/academic-essay/conclusion/

Is this article helpful?

Shona McCombes

Other students also liked, how to write an essay introduction | 4 steps & examples, how to write a thesis statement | 4 steps & examples, example of a great essay | explanations, tips & tricks, unlimited academic ai-proofreading.

✔ Document error-free in 5minutes ✔ Unlimited document corrections ✔ Specialized in correcting academic texts

• Knowledge Base
• General Essays

Wine Grape Variety Essay

• Author Kimberly Ball
• Category General Essays

Disclaimer: This paper has been submitted by a student. This is not a sample of the work written by professional academic writers.

Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of StudySaurus.

Wine grapes are a widely grown crop in the European countries. The sales are high in the Countries as many people take wine after meals for adequate digestion. However, there are different types of grape wines grown and manufactured. My analysis is on the Merlot type of grape wine produced in both California and France. The basics are a concern of its classical style, typical sensory based on the climate and, the typical winemaking style.

To begin with, the classical style based on the California Merlot wine is a fast-growing wine variety. Merlot wine remains a big deal of making stellar wine. The sales are the most significant contribution to the growth rate of the merlot wine in the country. According to the Nielsen company estimates, Merlot has a 7% share of the shipments in the United States as per the 2016 data (Cook et al., 2015). Currently, the merlot brand has increased its export base. The widespread popularity is as a result of the reports that moderate drinking leads to a healthy lifestyle. Also, the merlot wine has an appealing luscious, soft and, approachable character of the red wine.

In France, Merlot gained popularity as a result of the favorite character in the California state. The spread grew faster as a result of its principal and outstanding taste among the residents in the Bordeaux region (Loubère, 2014). Merlot is used to soften wine in the process of blending. The nature of the grape wine in the area makes it a bit fast in maturity compared to other varieties. Most counties in France are now growing Merlot as a varietal wine.

The typical sensory based on the climate of California results from the climate condition provided. The visual wine style elicits a dark, dense and, the dark red wine that contains violet and blue highlights. The alcohol content composition in the merlot wine stands at 13.5% with a shallow acid level (Cook et al., 2015). The grapes consist of fruits that are jammy blackberry, stewed plums, and, cassis. The climatic conditions in the region are moderately hot full of sunshine with a season of almost no rain. The warm, fertile alluvial soils in the area are suitable for the acceleration of the ripening process.

In the French region, the sensitive nature of the Merlot is deep plum red with a color that saturation that fades on the edge of the glass. The alcohol content stands at 12.5% with a bit sharp level of acid content. The fruit flavors are ripe and black as plum, blackberry, and blackcurrant. In its youthful stage, the wine is a bit edgy, stringent and hard. The climatic condition is moderate to heavy rainfall with limited sunshine (Loubère, 2014). The main difference with the California condition is that the process of ripening is a bit slow as a result of the cold and warm soil that exists in the region.

Finally, the typical winemaking takes a process from both region. In California, according to Walla Walla winners, grapes are harvested during the moisture-free season to protect the thin-skinned merlot from damage (Cook et al., 2015). There is handpicking, and cold soak of the merlot grapes to ensure the accuracy of the pH and the Brix. There is the fermentation with multiple yeasts in the open top fermenters for quite some time to make the quality required in it.

In France, Merlot wine is harvested and gathered for analysis to check the sugar levels and the acidity levels (Loubère, 2014). The grapes are weighed and crushed into juice that fills tubes with deep red and pale-yellow colors. The hot climate provides a fresh merlot wine and low acidity level. In conclusion, Merlot wine exhibits different characteristics in the two different attributes as a result of the various conditions presented. Both the climatic conditions and the soil texture introduces the features shown. However, the product remains the same even though there is a slight variation. California offers the most favorable conditions for Merlot grape wine production.

Was this material helpful?

Related essays, about studysaurus, community. knowledge. success..

StudySaurus is run by two uni-students that still get a kick out of learning new things. We hope to share these experiences with you.

Ideas ,  concepts ,  tutorials,   essay papers  – everything we would’ve liked to have known, seen or heard during our high-school & UNI years, we want to bring to YOU.

Privacy & Cookies Policy Terms and Conditions DMCA Request

Home — Essay Samples — Life — Wine

Essays on Wine

The wine production, wine market: radical changes, made-to-order essay as fast as you need it.

Each essay is customized to cater to your unique preferences

+ experts online

How The Napa Valley and Sangiovese Wine Contribute to Growth of The Wine Industry

Italy: the largest wine producing country, the hong kong wine market, adaptations in tuscany breed the perfect wines in italy, let us write you an essay from scratch.

• 450+ experts on 30 subjects ready to help
• Custom essay delivered in as few as 3 hours

White-winemaking Powerhouses in Italy

The figurative use of wine by aristophanes in ‘lysistrata’, italian wine and food festival 2017, relevant topics.

• Organic Food

By clicking “Check Writers’ Offers”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy . We’ll occasionally send you promo and account related email

No need to pay just yet!

We use cookies to personalyze your web-site experience. By continuing we’ll assume you board with our cookie policy .

• Instructions Followed To The Letter
• Deadlines Met At Every Stage
• Unique And Plagiarism Free

How to Write a Conclusion for an Essay

By the time you get to the final paragraph of your paper, you have already done so much work on your essay, so all you want to do is to wrap it up as quickly as possible. You’ve already made a stunning introduction, proven your argument, and structured the whole piece as supposed – who cares about making a good conclusion paragraph?

The only thing you need to remember is that the conclusion of an essay is not just the last paragraph of an academic paper where you restate your thesis and key arguments. A concluding paragraph is also your opportunity to have a final impact on your audience. 

Feeling Overwhelmed Writing Your Essay Conclusion?

Simply send us your paper requirements, choose a writer and we’ll get it done fast.

How to write a conclusion paragraph that leaves a lasting impression – In this guide, the team at EssayPro is going to walk you through the process of writing a perfect conclusion step by step. Additionally, we will share valuable tips and tricks to help students of all ages impress their readers at the last moment.

Instead of Intro: What Is a Conclusion?

Before we can move on, let’s take a moment here to define the conclusion itself. According to the standard conclusion definition, it is pretty much the last part of something, its result, or end. However, this term is rather broad and superficial.

When it comes to writing academic papers, a concluding statement refers to an opinion, judgment, suggestion, or position arrived at by logical reasoning (through the arguments provided in the body of the text). Therefore, if you are wondering “what is a good closing sentence like?” – keep on reading.

What Does a Good Conclusion Mean?

Writing a good conclusion for a paper isn’t easy. However, we are going to walk you through this process step by step. Although there are generally no strict rules on how to formulate one, there are some basic principles that everyone should keep in mind. In this section, we will share some core ideas for writing a good conclusion, and, later in the article, we will also provide you with more practical advice and examples.

Here are the core goals a good conclusion should complete:

• “Wrap up” the entire paper;
• Demonstrate to readers that the author accomplished what he/she set out to do;
• Show how you the author has proved their thesis statement;
• Give a sense of completeness and closure on the topic;
• Leave something extra for your reader to think about;
• Leave a powerful final impact on a reader.

Another key thing to remember is that you should not introduce any new ideas or arguments to your paper's conclusion. It should only sum up what you have already written, revisit your thesis statement, and end with a powerful final impression.

When considering how to write a conclusion that works, here are the key points to keep in mind:

• A concluding sentence should only revisit the thesis statement, not restate it;
• It should summarize the main ideas from the body of the paper;
• It should demonstrate the significance and relevance of your work;
• An essay’s conclusion should include a call for action and leave space for further study or development of the topic (if necessary).

How Long Should a Conclusion Be? 

Although there are no strict universal rules regarding the length of an essay’s final clause, both teachers and experienced writers recommend keeping it clear, concise, and straight to the point. There is an unspoken rule that the introduction and conclusion of an academic paper should both be about 10% of the overall paper’s volume. For example, if you were assigned a 1500 word essay, both the introductory and final clauses should be approximately 150 words long (300 together).

Why You Need to Know How to End an Essay:

A conclusion is what drives a paper to its logical end. It also drives the main points of your piece one last time. It is your last opportunity to impact and impress your audience. And, most importantly, it is your chance to demonstrate to readers why your work matters. Simply put, the final paragraph of your essay should answer the last important question a reader will have – “So what?”

If you do a concluding paragraph right, it can give your readers a sense of logical completeness. On the other hand, if you do not make it powerful enough, it can leave them hanging, and diminish the effect of the entire piece.

Strategies to Crafting a Proper Conclusion

Although there are no strict rules for what style to use to write your conclusion, there are several strategies that have been proven to be effective. In the list below, you can find some of the most effective strategies with some good conclusion paragraph examples to help you grasp the idea.

One effective way to emphasize the significance of your essay and give the audience some thought to ponder about is by taking a look into the future. The “When and If” technique is quite powerful when it comes to supporting your points in the essay’s conclusion.

Prediction essay conclusion example: “Taking care of a pet is quite hard, which is the reason why most parents refuse their children’s requests to get a pet. However, the refusal should be the last choice of parents. If we want to inculcate a deep sense of responsibility and organization in our kids, and, at the same time, sprout compassion in them, we must let our children take care of pets.”

Another effective strategy is to link your conclusion to your introductory paragraph. This will create a full-circle narration for your readers, create a better understanding of your topic, and emphasize your key point.

Echo conclusion paragraph example: Introduction: “I believe that all children should grow up with a pet. I still remember the exact day my parents brought my first puppy to our house. This was one of the happiest moments in my life and, at the same time, one of the most life-changing ones. Growing up with a pet taught me a lot, and most importantly, it taught me to be responsible.” Conclusion:. “I remember when I picked up my first puppy and how happy I was at that time. Growing up with a pet, I learned what it means to take care of someone, make sure that he always has water and food, teach him, and constantly keep an eye on my little companion. Having a child grow up with a pet teaches them responsibility and helps them acquire a variety of other life skills like leadership, love, compassion, and empathy. This is why I believe that every kid should grow up with a pet!”

Finally, one more trick that will help you create a flawless conclusion is to amplify your main idea or to present it in another perspective of a larger context. This technique will help your readers to look at the problem discussed from a different angle.

Step-up argumentative essay conclusion example: “Despite the obvious advantages of owning a pet in childhood, I feel that we cannot generalize whether all children should have a pet. Whereas some kids may benefit from such experiences, namely, by becoming more compassionate, organized, and responsible, it really depends on the situation, motivation, and enthusiasm of a particular child for owning a pet.”

What is a clincher in an essay? – The final part of an essay’s conclusion is often referred to as a clincher sentence. According to the clincher definition, it is a final sentence that reinforces the main idea or leaves the audience with an intriguing thought to ponder upon. In a nutshell, the clincher is very similar to the hook you would use in an introductory paragraph. Its core mission is to seize the audience’s attention until the end of the paper. At the same time, this statement is what creates a sense of completeness and helps the author leave a lasting impression on the reader.

Now, since you now know what a clincher is, you are probably wondering how to use one in your own paper. First of all, keep in mind that a good clincher should be intriguing, memorable, smooth, and straightforward.

Generally, there are several different tricks you can use for your clincher statement; it can be:

• A short, but memorable and attention-grabbing conclusion;
• A relevant and memorable quote (only if it brings actual value);
• A call to action;
• A rhetorical question;
• An illustrative story or provocative example;
• A warning against a possibility or suggestion about the consequences of a discussed problem;
• A joke (however, be careful with this as it may not always be deemed appropriate).

Regardless of the technique you choose, make sure that your clincher is memorable and aligns with your introduction and thesis.

Clincher examples: - While New York may not be the only place with the breathtaking views, it is definitely among my personal to 3… and that’s what definitely makes it worth visiting. - “Thence we came forth to rebehold the stars”, Divine Comedy - Don’t you think all these advantages sound like almost life-saving benefits of owning a pet? “So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past.”, The Great Gatsby

Conclusion Writing Don'ts 

Now, when you know what tricks and techniques you should use to create a perfect conclusion, let’s look at some of the things you should not do with our online paper writing service :

• Starting with some cliché concluding sentence starters. Many students find common phrases like “In conclusion,” “Therefore,” “In summary,” or similar statements to be pretty good conclusion starters. However, though such conclusion sentence starters may work in certain cases – for example, in speeches – they are overused, so it is recommended not to use them in writing to introduce your conclusion.
• Putting the first mention of your thesis statement in the conclusion – it has to be presented in your introduction first.
• Providing new arguments, subtopics, or ideas in the conclusion paragraph.
• Including a slightly changed or unchanged thesis statement.
• Providing arguments and evidence that belong in the body of the work.
• Writing too long, hard to read, or confusing sentences.

In case, you have written a conclusion, but you're not sure if it’s good enough?

EssayPro provides all kinds of writing assistance. Send your work to one of our top writers to get it reviewed in no time.

Conclusion Paragraph Outline

The total number of sentences in your final paragraph may vary depending on the number of points you discussed in your essay, as well as on the overall word count of your paper. However, the overall conclusion paragraph outline will remain the same and consists of the following elements:

• A conclusion starter:

The first part of your paragraph should drive readers back to your thesis statement. Thus, if you were wondering how to start a conclusion, the best way to do it is by rephrasing your thesis statement.

• Summary of the body paragraphs:

Right after revisiting your thesis, you should include several sentences that wrap up the key highlights and points from your body paragraphs. This part of your conclusion can consist of 2-3 sentences—depending on the number of arguments you’ve made. If necessary, you can also explain to the readers how your main points fit together.

• A concluding sentence:

Finally, you should end your paragraph with a last, powerful sentence that leaves a lasting impression, gives a sense of logical completeness, and connects readers back to the introduction of the paper.

These three key elements make up a perfect essay conclusion. Now, to give you an even better idea of how to create a perfect conclusion, let us give you a sample conclusion paragraph outline with examples from an argumentative essay on the topic of “Every Child Should Own a Pet:

• Sentence 1: Starter
• ~ Thesis: "Though taking care of a pet may be a bit challenging for small children. Parents should not restrict their kids from having a pet as it helps them grow into more responsible and compassionate people."
• ~ Restated thesis for a conclusion: "I can say that taking care of a pet is good for every child."
• Sentences 2-4: Summary
• ~ "Studies have shown that pet owners generally have fewer health problems."
• ~ "Owning a pet teaches a child to be more responsible."
• ~ "Spending time with a pet reduces stress, feelings of loneliness, and anxiety."
• Sentence 5: A concluding sentence
• ~ "Pets can really change a child life for the better, so don't hesitate to endorse your kid's desire to own a pet."

This is a clear example of how you can shape your conclusion paragraph.

How to Conclude Various Types of Essays

Depending on the type of academic essay you are working on, your concluding paragraph's style, tone, and length may vary. In this part of our guide, we will tell you how to end different types of essays and other works.

How to End an Argumentative Essay

Persuasive or argumentative essays always have the single goal of convincing readers of something (an idea, stance, or viewpoint) by appealing to arguments, facts, logic, and even emotions. The conclusion for such an essay has to be persuasive as well. A good trick you can use is to illustrate a real-life scenario that proves your stance or encourages readers to take action. More about persuasive essay outline you can read in our article.

Here are a few more tips for making a perfect conclusion for an argumentative essay:

• Carefully read the whole essay before you begin;
• Re-emphasize your ideas;
• Discuss possible implications;
• Don’t be afraid to appeal to the reader’s emotions.

How to End a Compare and Contrast Essay

The purpose of a compare and contrast essay is to emphasize the differences or similarities between two or more objects, people, phenomena, etc. Therefore, a logical conclusion should highlight how the reviewed objects are different or similar. Basically, in such a paper, your conclusion should recall all of the key common and distinctive features discussed in the body of your essay and also give readers some food for thought after they finish reading it.

How to Conclude a Descriptive Essay

The key idea of a descriptive essay is to showcase your creativity and writing skills by painting a vivid picture with the help of words. This is one of the most creative types of essays as it requires you to show a story, not tell it. This kind of essay implies using a lot of vivid details. Respectively, the conclusion of such a paper should also use descriptive imagery and, at the same time, sum up the main ideas. A good strategy for ending a descriptive essay would be to begin with a short explanation of why you wrote the essay. Then, you should reflect on how your topic affects you. In the middle of the conclusion, you should cover the most critical moments of the story to smoothly lead the reader into a logical closing statement. The “clincher”, in this case, should be a thought-provoking final sentence that leaves a good and lasting impression on the audience. Do not lead the reader into the essay and then leave them with dwindling memories of it.

How to Conclude an Essay About Yourself

If you find yourself writing an essay about yourself, you need to tell a personal story. As a rule, such essays talk about the author’s experiences, which is why a conclusion should create a feeling of narrative closure. A good strategy is to end your story with a logical finale and the lessons you have learned, while, at the same time, linking it to the introductory paragraph and recalling key moments from the story.

How to End an Informative Essay

Unlike other types of papers, informative or expository essays load readers with a lot of information and facts. In this case, “Synthesize, don’t summarize” is the best technique you can use to end your paper. Simply put, instead of recalling all of the major facts, you should approach your conclusion from the “So what?” position by highlighting the significance of the information provided.

How to Conclude a Narrative Essay

In a nutshell, a narrative essay is based on simple storytelling. The purpose of this paper is to share a particular story in detail. Therefore, the conclusion for such a paper should wrap up the story and avoid finishing on an abrupt cliffhanger. It is vital to include the key takeaways and the lessons learned from the story.

How to Write a Conclusion for a Lab Report

Unlike an essay, a lab report is based on an experiment. This type of paper describes the flow of a particular experiment conducted by a student and its conclusion should reflect on the outcomes of this experiment.

In thinking of how to write a conclusion for a lab, here are the key things you should do to get it right:

• Restate the goals of your experiment
• Describe the methods you used
• Include the results of the experiment and analyze the final data
• End your conclusion with a clear statement on whether or not the experiment was successful (Did you reach the expected results?)

How to Write a Conclusion for a Research Paper

Writing a paper is probably the hardest task of all, even for experienced dissertation writer . Unlike an essay or even a lab report, a research paper is a much longer piece of work that requires a deeper investigation of the problem. Therefore, a conclusion for such a paper should be even more sophisticated and powerful. If you're feeling difficulty writing an essay, you can buy essay on our service.

However, given that a research paper is the second most popular kind of academic paper (after an essay), it is important to know how to conclude a research paper. Even if you have not yet been assigned to do this task, be sure that you will face it soon. So, here are the steps you should follow to create a great conclusion for a research paper:

• Restate the Topic

Start your final paragraph with a quick reminder of what the topic of the piece is about. Keep it one sentence long.

• Revisit the Thesis

Next, you should remind your readers what your thesis statement was. However, do not just copy and paste it from the introductory clause: paraphrase your thesis so that you deliver the same idea but with different words. Keep your paraphrased thesis narrow, specific, and topic-oriented.

• Summarise Your Key Ideas

Just like the case of a regular essay’s conclusion, a research paper’s final paragraph should also include a short summary of all of the key points stated in the body sections. We recommend reading the entire body part a few times to define all of your main arguments and ideas.

• Showcase the Significance of Your Work

In the research paper conclusion, it is vital to highlight the significance of your research problem and state how your solution could be helpful.

• Make Suggestions for Future Studies

Finally, at the end of your conclusion, you should define how your findings will contribute to the development of its particular field of science. Outline the perspectives of further research and, if necessary, explain what is yet to be discovered on the topic.

Then, end your conclusion with a powerful concluding sentence – it can be a rhetorical question, call to action, or another hook that will help you have a strong impact on the audience.

• Answer the Right Questions

To create a top-notch research paper conclusion, be sure to answer the following questions:

• What is the goal of a research paper?
• What are the possible solutions to the research question(s)?
• How can your results be implemented in real life? (Is your research paper helpful to the community?)
• Why is this study important and relevant?

Additionally, here are a few more handy tips to follow:

• Provide clear examples from real life to help readers better understand the further implementation of the stated solutions;
• Keep your conclusion fresh, original, and creative.

Address to our term paper writers if you need to proofread or rewrite essay.

Want to Have Better Grades?

Address to our professionals and get your task done asap!

So, What Is a Good Closing Sentence? See The Difference

One of the best ways to learn how to write a good conclusion is to look at several professional essay conclusion examples. In this section of our guide, we are going to look at two different final paragraphs shaped on the basis of the same template, but even so, they are very different – where one is weak and the other is strong. Below, we are going to compare them to help you understand the difference between a good and a bad conclusion.

Here is the template we used: College degrees are in decline. The price of receiving an education does not correlate with the quality of the education received. As a result, graduated students face underemployment, and the worth of college degrees appears to be in serious doubt. However, the potential social and economic benefits of educated students balance out the equation.

Strong Conclusion ‍

People either see college as an opportunity or an inconvenience; therefore, a degree can only hold as much value as its owner’s skillset. The underemployment of graduate students puts the worth of college degrees in serious doubt. Yet, with the multitude of benefits that educated students bring to society and the economy, the equation remains in balance. Perhaps the ordinary person should consider college as a wise financial investment, but only if they stay determined to study and do the hard work.

Why is this example good? There are several key points that prove its effectiveness:

• There is a bold opening statement that encompasses the two contrasting types of students we can see today.
• There are two sentences that recall the thesis statement and cover the key arguments from the body of the essay.
• Finally, the last sentence sums up the key message of the essay and leaves readers with something to think about.

Weak Conclusion

In conclusion, with the poor preparation of students in college and the subsequent underemployment after graduation from college, the worth associated with the college degree appears to be in serious doubt. However, these issues alone may not reasonably conclude beyond a doubt that investing in a college degree is a rewarding venture. When the full benefits that come with education are carefully put into consideration and evaluated, college education for children in any country still has good advantages, and society should continue to advocate for a college education. The ordinary person should consider this a wise financial decision that holds rewards in the end. Apart from the monetary gains associated with a college education, society will greatly benefit from students when they finish college. Their minds are going to be expanded, and their reasoning and decision making will be enhanced.

What makes this example bad? Here are a few points to consider:

• Unlike the first example, this paragraph is long and not specific enough. The author provides plenty of generalized phrases that are not backed up by actual arguments.
• This piece is hard to read and understand and sentences have a confusing structure. Also, there are lots of repetitions and too many uses of the word “college”.
• There is no summary of the key benefits.
• The last two sentences that highlight the value of education contradict with the initial statement.
• Finally, the last sentence doesn’t offer a strong conclusion and gives no thought to ponder upon.
• In the body of your essay, you have hopefully already provided your reader(s) with plenty of information. Therefore, it is not wise to present new arguments or ideas in your conclusion.
• To end your final paragraph right, find a clear and straightforward message that will have the most powerful impact on your audience.
• Don’t use more than one quote in the final clause of your paper – the information from external sources (including quotes) belongs in the body of a paper.
• Be authoritative when writing a conclusion. You should sound confident and convincing to leave a good impression. Sentences like “I’m not an expert, but…” will most likely make you seem less knowledgeable and/or credible.

Good Conclusion Examples

Now that we've learned what a conclusion is and how to write one let's take a look at some essay conclusion examples to strengthen our knowledge.

The ending ironically reveals that all was for nothing. (A short explanation of the thematic effect of the book’s end) Tom says that Miss Watson freed Jim in her final will.Jim told Huck that the dead man on the Island was pap. The entire adventure seemingly evaporated into nothingness. (How this effect was manifested into the minds of thereaders).

All in all, international schools hold the key to building a full future that students can achieve. (Thesis statement simplified) They help students develop their own character by learning from their mistakes, without having to face a dreadful penalty for failure. (Thesis statement elaborated)Although some say that kids emerged “spoiled” with this mentality, the results prove the contrary. (Possible counter-arguments are noted)

In conclusion, public workers should be allowed to strike since it will give them a chance to air their grievances. (Thesis statement) Public workers should be allowed to strike when their rights, safety, and regulations are compromised. The workers will get motivated when they strike, and their demands are met.

In summary, studies reveal some similarities in the nutrient contents between the organic and non-organic food substances. (Starts with similarities) However, others have revealed many considerable differences in the amounts of antioxidants as well as other minerals present in organic and non-organic foods. Generally, organic foods have higher levels of antioxidants than non-organic foods and therefore are more important in the prevention of chronic illnesses.

As time went by, my obsession grew into something bigger than art; (‘As time went by’ signals maturation) it grew into a dream of developing myself for the world. (Showing student’s interest of developing himself for the community) It is a dream of not only seeing the world from a different perspective but also changing the perspective of people who see my work. (Showing student’s determination to create moving pieces of art)

In conclusion, it is evident that technology is an integral part of our lives and without it, we become “lost” since we have increasingly become dependent on its use. (Thesis with main point)

You might also be interested in reading nursing essay examples from our service.

Related Articles

The Health Benefits of Red Wine Essay

The research group from the University of Alberta in Canada found that resveratrol antioxidant contained in red wine affects the duration of human life like physical exercises. It is widely believed that this antioxidant is able to slow the aging process and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases as well as cancer development.

The benefit of red wine is not surprising – it is a completely natural product created by nature. According to Canadian historian Rod Phillips, “every grape is a small winery – there are all the chemical elements inside and outside it that make a berry wine” (Phillips, 2014). It is now unlikely that anyone would argue that a small amount of red wine could bring some benefit to a human. For example, after drinking one glass in the morning, one recharges himself with a good mood and cheerfulness for the whole day. Essential oils and esters contained in wine would improve the tone of the nervous system and reduce blood pressure (News Breaker, 2015). Red wine contributes to the reduction of gastric and intestinal diseases as well as asthenia. Besides, it promotes faster toxins and additions output from the human body. Dry red wine might advance the plasticity of veins, too. It is also recommended for patients with diabetes because it contains a small amount of sugar and generally improves the health of diabetics.

However, in my opinion, there is the flip side of the coin. The main component of red wine is ethyl alcohol. Once in the body, alcohol breaks down into plenty of toxic substances such as acetaldehyde, a highly toxic poison that thins the protective cell membrane and penetrates it, violates metabolism getting in the DNA, causing cell changes, and resulting in the appearance of atypical cells, or tumor. Along the way, there are brain intoxication, thrombosis, and hypoxia neurons.

Nevertheless, I believe that everything is good in moderation. A daily dose of the drink should be limited. For instance, as if one was taking the drug. It goes without saying that wine of dubious origin is considered a potentially dangerous product for the health. In the case when the wine of unknown origin goes along with excessive use of it, the picture is rather disappointing.

Moreover, some people are genetically unable to resist alcohol. Drinking wine, even red and very useful, is not recommended for them at all. It is also necessary to note that drinking wine, even in small doses could have a negative impact on the health of people who are already suffering from some serious disease and taking medications reducing their current state of health. No doubt that wine cannot be used during pregnancy and lactation as the alcohol, getting into the body of the child, could cause irreversible damage to his brain and spinal cord cells. Besides, if one considers himself an implacable opponent of alcohol, the content of resveratrol could be supplemented by other sources, for example, peanuts, cranberries, or blueberries.

In conclusion, it should be stressed that red wine might be useful in a small dose and only for certain people. In case a person cares about his or her health, he or she needs to choose only real wine from trusted manufacturers as red wine could improve the health or, at least, save its current state to some extent.

News Breaker. (2015). Experts Say Red Wine Could Be As Beneficial As Exercising [Video file]. Web.

Phillips, R. (2014). Alcohol: A History . Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina.

• Chicago (A-D)
• Chicago (N-B)

IvyPanda. (2022, April 19). The Health Benefits of Red Wine. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-health-benefits-of-red-wine/

"The Health Benefits of Red Wine." IvyPanda , 19 Apr. 2022, ivypanda.com/essays/the-health-benefits-of-red-wine/.

IvyPanda . (2022) 'The Health Benefits of Red Wine'. 19 April.

IvyPanda . 2022. "The Health Benefits of Red Wine." April 19, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-health-benefits-of-red-wine/.

1. IvyPanda . "The Health Benefits of Red Wine." April 19, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-health-benefits-of-red-wine/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "The Health Benefits of Red Wine." April 19, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-health-benefits-of-red-wine/.

• Oreo Thins Product Analysis
• Utilization of Methyl Ethyl Ketone
• National Cranberry Cooperative
• The Thrombosis of the Femoral Vein
• Carboxylic Acids and Esters: Preparation of Methyl Salicylate
• Methyl Salicylate: Carboxylic Acids and Esters
• Hypoxia and Air Accidents
• Dietary Intervention Effect on Metabolic Syndrome
• Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Analysis
• Wine Not: The Future of Wineries and Vineyards as Event Venues
• Quality Issue in Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections in Healthcare Facilities
• Healthcare in Cuba: Reasons for Success
• Chronic Care Model/Chronic Condition
• Cultural Competence in the Deaf Community
• Holistic Approach to Man’s Health: Diabetes Prevention

Tips for Writing an Effective Application Essay

How to Write an Effective Essay

Writing an essay for college admission gives you a chance to use your authentic voice and show your personality. It's an excellent opportunity to personalize your application beyond your academic credentials, and a well-written essay can have a positive influence come decision time.

Want to know how to draft an essay for your college application ? Here are some tips to keep in mind when writing.

Tips for Essay Writing

A typical college application essay, also known as a personal statement, is 400-600 words. Although that may seem short, writing about yourself can be challenging. It's not something you want to rush or put off at the last moment. Think of it as a critical piece of the application process. Follow these tips to write an impactful essay that can work in your favor.

1. Start Early.

Few people write well under pressure. Try to complete your first draft a few weeks before you have to turn it in. Many advisers recommend starting as early as the summer before your senior year in high school. That way, you have ample time to think about the prompt and craft the best personal statement possible.

You don't have to work on your essay every day, but you'll want to give yourself time to revise and edit. You may discover that you want to change your topic or think of a better way to frame it. Either way, the sooner you start, the better.

2. Understand the Prompt and Instructions.

Before you begin the writing process, take time to understand what the college wants from you. The worst thing you can do is skim through the instructions and submit a piece that doesn't even fit the bare minimum requirements or address the essay topic. Look at the prompt, consider the required word count, and note any unique details each school wants.

3. Create a Strong Opener.

Students seeking help for their application essays often have trouble getting things started. It's a challenging writing process. Finding the right words to start can be the hardest part.

Spending more time working on your opener is always a good idea. The opening sentence sets the stage for the rest of your piece. The introductory paragraph is what piques the interest of the reader, and it can immediately set your essay apart from the others.

4. Stay on Topic.

One of the most important things to remember is to keep to the essay topic. If you're applying to 10 or more colleges, it's easy to veer off course with so many application essays.

A common mistake many students make is trying to fit previously written essays into the mold of another college's requirements. This seems like a time-saving way to avoid writing new pieces entirely, but it often backfires. The result is usually a final piece that's generic, unfocused, or confusing. Always write a new essay for every application, no matter how long it takes.

5. Think About Your Response.

Don't try to guess what the admissions officials want to read. Your essay will be easier to write─and more exciting to read─if you’re genuinely enthusiastic about your subject. Here’s an example: If all your friends are writing application essays about covid-19, it may be a good idea to avoid that topic, unless during the pandemic you had a vivid, life-changing experience you're burning to share. Whatever topic you choose, avoid canned responses. Be creative.

6. Focus on You.

Essay prompts typically give you plenty of latitude, but panel members expect you to focus on a subject that is personal (although not overly intimate) and particular to you. Admissions counselors say the best essays help them learn something about the candidate that they would never know from reading the rest of the application.

7. Stay True to Your Voice.

Use your usual vocabulary. Avoid fancy language you wouldn't use in real life. Imagine yourself reading this essay aloud to a classroom full of people who have never met you. Keep a confident tone. Be wary of words and phrases that undercut that tone.

8. Be Specific and Factual.

Capitalize on real-life experiences. Your essay may give you the time and space to explain why a particular achievement meant so much to you. But resist the urge to exaggerate and embellish. Admissions counselors read thousands of essays each year. They can easily spot a fake.

9. Edit and Proofread.

When you finish the final draft, run it through the spell checker on your computer. Then don’t read your essay for a few days. You'll be more apt to spot typos and awkward grammar when you reread it. After that, ask a teacher, parent, or college student (preferably an English or communications major) to give it a quick read. While you're at it, double-check your word count.

Writing essays for college admission can be daunting, but it doesn't have to be. A well-crafted essay could be the deciding factor─in your favor. Keep these tips in mind, and you'll have no problem creating memorable pieces for every application.

What is the format of a college application essay?

Generally, essays for college admission follow a simple format that includes an opening paragraph, a lengthier body section, and a closing paragraph. You don't need to include a title, which will only take up extra space. Keep in mind that the exact format can vary from one college application to the next. Read the instructions and prompt for more guidance.

Most online applications will include a text box for your essay. If you're attaching it as a document, however, be sure to use a standard, 12-point font and use 1.5-spaced or double-spaced lines, unless the application specifies different font and spacing.

How do you start an essay?

The goal here is to use an attention grabber. Think of it as a way to reel the reader in and interest an admissions officer in what you have to say. There's no trick on how to start a college application essay. The best way you can approach this task is to flex your creative muscles and think outside the box.

You can start with openers such as relevant quotes, exciting anecdotes, or questions. Either way, the first sentence should be unique and intrigue the reader.

What should an essay include?

Every application essay you write should include details about yourself and past experiences. It's another opportunity to make yourself look like a fantastic applicant. Leverage your experiences. Tell a riveting story that fulfills the prompt.

What shouldn’t be included in an essay?

When writing a college application essay, it's usually best to avoid overly personal details and controversial topics. Although these topics might make for an intriguing essay, they can be tricky to express well. If you’re unsure if a topic is appropriate for your essay, check with your school counselor. An essay for college admission shouldn't include a list of achievements or academic accolades either. Your essay isn’t meant to be a rehashing of information the admissions panel can find elsewhere in your application.

How can you make your essay personal and interesting?

The best way to make your essay interesting is to write about something genuinely important to you. That could be an experience that changed your life or a valuable lesson that had an enormous impact on you. Whatever the case, speak from the heart, and be honest.

Is it OK to discuss mental health in an essay?

Mental health struggles can create challenges you must overcome during your education and could be an opportunity for you to show how you’ve handled challenges and overcome obstacles. If you’re considering writing your essay for college admission on this topic, consider talking to your school counselor or with an English teacher on how to frame the essay.

Related Articles

NY's disability support workers need a raise in the state budget

Legislators at the New York State Capitol in Albany are negotiating the 2024-25 state budget that could address the Medicaid funding gap. Credit: AP/Hans Pennink

More than 130,000 New Yorkers are living with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) and 85% of them are served by nonprofit providers. Over the last decade, the nonprofit I/DD community has experienced a dramatic shortfall in staffing, high turnover rates, and rising costs of operations that are no longer met by Medicaid funding. This gap is growing larger and makes it difficult to meet the essential needs of people living with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

State legislators negotiating the 2024-25 state budget can address this funding gap by committing the necessary resources to ensure that vital care can be provided for people living with I/DD by investing in the agencies and professionals who serve this population.

The Invest in Me campaign is supported by nonprofit provider associations across the state. This campaign is seeking legislative support for a 3.2% cost-of-living adjustment in the Medicaid reimbursement rate along with a $4,000 base salary increase for direct support professionals, the workers who support people living with intellectual and developmental disabilities, in this year’s budget.

The nonprofit I/DD community is not immune to inflation. Operating costs for repairs and maintenance of residential homes, program facilities, food, supplies, and transportation for the people we support, along with mandated staff fringe benefits and insurance costs continue to outpace the current proposed 1.5% cost-of-living adjustment in this year’s budget. I/DD provider agencies are primarily funded by Medicaid and New York State contracts and have no authority to increase our service fees to compensate for these increased costs.

Direct support professionals provide vital, daily care and assistance to individuals with I/DD, including meal preparation, medication administration, transportation, and behavior support. They also offer essential emotional and psychological support, personal care, money management, and life skills training so that individuals with I/DD may attain independence. These workers are the most important resource we have to support people living with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

From our Editorial Board, get inside the local, city and state political scenes.

By clicking Sign up, you agree to our privacy policy .

Unfortunately, over the last 10 years, nonprofit agencies have seen a crippling level of staff turnover — 30% statewide, which is estimated to cost them over $100 million annually. As a result, more than 17% of positions remain vacant, reducing the quality and availability of essential services to the I/DD population.

Recruiting and retaining skilled workers can be enhanced through a bill in Albany that would provide agencies with annual funding of $4,000 per eligible employee to be used to enhance the hourly rate for these staff members.

Passing this bill would take a critically important step toward addressing the inequity in wages between nonprofit providers, who can only afford to offer new workers slightly above the state’s minimum wage, and state-operated facilities, which can afford to offer starting wages that are 65% above the state’s minimum wage.

As the leader of a nonprofit supporting people with I/DD for 40 years, I know that the future of this industry lies in the hands of Albany. I speak for the 2,200 direct support professionals employed by the Kinexion Network on Long Island who are the backbone of our industry and deserve a fair wage.

The New York Alliance for Inclusion and Innovation, the Inter Agency Council, and the New York Disability Advocates are aligned in supporting these budget requests, which represent a significant public investment in the nonprofit agencies and staff who care for people with I/DD.

n  THIS GUEST ESSAY reflects the views of Walter Stockton, president and chief executive of the Kinexion Network, a management service organization for a network of seven Long Island nonprofits supporting 5,000 people living with I/DD.

This guest essay reflects the views of Walter Stockton, president and chief executive of the Kinexion Network, a management service organization for an affiliate network of seven Long Island nonprofits supporting 5,000 people living with I/DD.

A Salty Young Critic Explains Internet Culture, Patiently

Famed for her fearless literary takedowns, Lauren Oyler adopts a softer tone in the new essay collection “No Judgment.”

Credit... Miguel Porlan

Supported by

• Share full article

By Erin Somers

Erin Somers is a reporter for Publishers Lunch and the author of “Stay Up With Hugo Best.”

• March 18, 2024
• Apple Books
• Barnes and Noble
• Books-A-Million

When you purchase an independently reviewed book through our site, we earn an affiliate commission.

NO JUDGMENTS: Essays, by Lauren Oyler

Why do people like to watch boxing? We admire the fighters: their guts, their footwork. It is elegant yet brutal. It entertains. It is a form of proxy violence — someone else being hit and doing the hitting — that taps into our primal urges.

Lauren Oyler made her name as a pugilist. Her breakout essay on the website BookSlut famously begins, “I have always hated Roxane Gay’s writing.” Her reviews get attention partly because she voices the criticism that one may be too politic to express. Typically, that criticism is harsh. Typically, it is funny. Even her 2021 debut novel, “Fake Accounts,” contains a 40-page parody of the fragmentary novel form that was dominant in that moment, especially among women writers. It goes on for so long that the reader has time to love it, hate it, become exasperated with it, resign herself to it and, finally, admire its diabolical commitment.

Now Oyler has returned with “No Judgment,” a collection of eight essays written specifically for the book. Her sense of humor is present, as is her agile thinking. But fans of blood sport won’t find much here to satisfy their baser appetites. Far from incendiary, the book is cleareyed and grounded. Several essays here provoked the surprising thought, “This is the sanest thing I have ever read on this topic.”

The book begins with an introduction explaining that some of the essays were inspired by “a growing agitation about what I perceived to be misunderstandings and fallacies spreading in cultural criticism and commentary.” Others center on personal experiences. Topics include: the evolution of internet gossip, the flawed social network Goodreads and the creep of the word “vulnerable” into arts criticism. The uniting idea, if there is one, seems to be about how people are using or absorbing media wrong, and how this is annoying.

The essays are long and unhurried, and the fare will be familiar to anyone who spends a lot of time online. Many of them involve Twitter discourses of the past few years. Martin Scorsese’s views on Marvel movies make an appearance, as do the online sagas of the writers Lauren Hough, Kathleen Hale and Elizabeth Gilbert, each of whom raised the hackles of the online reviewing community with a variety of consequences.

The first essay, “Embarrassment, Panic, Opprobrium, Job Loss, Etc.,” traces gossip through the 21st century, from the rise and fall of the website Gawker to #MeToo and whisper networks, and the notorious anonymously sourced list of “bad media men” that shook up the magazine world in 2017. These episodes are fluidly stitched together with added context from history and literature, which is the structure of most of the essays in the book. At its best, it feels like your smart friend explaining to you something you missed on the internet, why it’s important and what it means. Occasionally, it feels like your friend overexplaining these things.

Oyler is a sharp and confident critic, and some interpretations in the book are outstanding. For instance, her reading of the film “Tár,” in an essay called “The Power of Vulnerability,” suggests it is not about cancel culture, as many critics wrote when it first came out, but about what would happen if a woman acted like a man. She writes: “We see Tár from rise to downfall, playing the man the entire time. We see her being called maestro. … Most important, we see her in this astounding, unrealistic career, which, in reality, a woman like her would never achieve. Not only because she is a woman, but because she is a woman who acts like a man: cocky, selfish, self-important, rude, on closer inspection a total fraud.” This is an invigorating way to think about the film, and one that sidesteps trite notions of cancellation.

Likewise, in an essay about the forever war of irony versus sincerity, sparked by David Foster Wallace’s 1993 essay “E. Unibus Pluram” and rehashed every few years online, she proposes that the binary itself is fake. “These oppositions are, have always been, reductive, false: A complex work will almost always have both irony and sincerity, and it is possible to express sincere — or authentic, or true — feelings through irony, a rhetorical device that is useful when you want to represent the tension between two conflicting ideas at the same time.”

The collection’s most ambitious essay is an assessment of autofiction as a form rather than a genre. There are many interesting reflections here on Oyler’s own work (“Fake Accounts” is autofiction) and on the work of others — Vladimir Nabokov, Sheila Heti, Sally Rooney and more.

I had never considered, for example, the space between the reader’s projection of an author of autofiction, and who the author really is. That the author can play with this — either defying or reifying the reader’s preconceived notions — is a tool, and a very cool one.

Still, the book’s measuredness cuts both ways. While it likely demonstrates Oyler’s growth as a writer (you can’t be an edgelord all your life), it lacks the boldness of her novel and magazine writing. It is oddly safe. “TED Talks are stupid,” she writes. Well, yeah; The Onion launched a series making fun of them in 2012.

That these essays were written specifically for the book, meaning they did not run as magazine stories or pegged to news events, made me wonder, sometimes, at the why of them. Why these particular topics? Why this set of minor irritations? Is there anything new or definitive about them? Is there a sense of risk, aesthetically or otherwise?

Luckily, the execution is fresh enough to keep one reading. And the barbs, when they do come, are good — in the final essay, a cheap dentist is described as “a tan man in a linoleum hole.” Maybe it’s best to follow the book’s lead and approach it with equanimity: We can appreciate and mourn its maturity both at once.

NO JUDGMENT : Essays | By Lauren Oyler | HarperOne | 288 pp. | $28.99

Explore More in Books

Want to know about the best books to read and the latest news start here..

When the author Tommy Orange received an impassioned email from a teacher in the Bronx, he dropped everything to visit the students  who inspired it.

A few years ago, Harvard acquired the archive of Candida Royalle, a porn star turned pioneering director. Now, the collection has inspired a new book , challenging the conventional history of the sexual revolution.

Gabriel García Márquez wanted his final novel to be destroyed. Its publication this month  may stir questions about posthumous releases.

Tessa Hulls’s “Feeding Ghosts” chronicles how China’s history shaped her family. But first, she had to tackle some basics: Learn history. Learn Chinese. Learn how to draw comics.

Do you want to be a better reader?   Here’s some helpful advice to show you how to get the most out of your literary endeavor .

Each week, top authors and critics join the Book Review’s podcast to talk about the latest news in the literary world. Listen here .

Advertisement

Lauren Oyler's favorite collection of essays that will leave you deep in thought

When you make a purchase using links on our site, The Week may earn a commission. All reviews are written independently by our editorial team.

Lauren Oyler is the author of the novel " Fake Accounts " and a critic whose essays and reviews have appeared in The New Yorker, Harper's, and the London Review of Books. Her first essay collection, " No Judgment ," will be published March 19.

'The Professor and Other Writings' by Terry Castle (2010)

This collection of memoiristic critical essays is by far my most successful book recommendation. It includes a hilarious portrait of Susan Sontag — "Ours was on-again, off-again, semi-friendship, constricted by role-playing and shot through in the end with mutual irritation," Castle writes — that is widely beloved. But the title essay, about a "near-ruinous" affair Castle had as a graduate student, is where her comedic timing, digressive brilliance, and skill at crafting absurd scenes truly come together. Buy it here . 

'The Earth Dies Streaming' by A.S. Hamrah (2018)

Reading Hamrah's film reviews has taught me a lot about how to outsmart mass market demands. Early in his career, he found his words quoted on the back of a video release; this was so disturbing that he decided to not include anything in his work that could be used for publicity. As a result, everything he writes is surprising, and confounding to any search engine that tries to reduce his opinions to a simple "take." Buy it here . 

'The Possessed' by Elif Batuman (2010)

All experiences are "real," yet the experience of reading is often seen as once removed. Inspired by her dissatisfaction with both graduate school and the possibilities of a typical "literary" career, Batuman wrote a collection of unclassifiable travel essays on Russian literature, offering a vision of literary criticism that is as transporting as the novels it takes as its subject. Buy it here . 

'The Essential Ellen Willis' by Ellen Willis (2014)

The feminist critic Ellen Willis hasn't enjoyed quite the same revival that several of her peers writing in the '60s, '70s, and '80s have, so although I regret this volume doesn't include her famous 1973 review-essay on "Deep Throat," it will have to do. She untangles the knotty perversities of sex, desire, feminism, and culture with a light touch, and she's pretty much always right. Buy it here . 

'Seven Types of Ambiguity' by William Empson (1930)

Given that "in a sufficiently extended sense any prose statement could be called ambiguous," it's amazing he got it down to seven. While not for the faint of heart or weary of English poetry, this book introduced New Criticism to the U.S., and reveals the extent of the work any close-reading literary critic takes on. Buy it here . 

'Against Everything' by Mark Greif (2016)

He's not really against everything. Buy it here . 

This article was first published in the latest issue of The Week magazine. If you want to read more like it, you can try six risk-free issues of the magazine here .