essay on examination malpractice pdf

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A survey of examination: malpractice among secondary school students -Causes, effects and solutions

This research was carried out to investigate examination malpractice among secondary school students in Mushin Local Government area in Lagos State. The project highlights the causes of examination malpractice among secondary school students, the effect of examination malpractice and solution to examination malpractice in secondary schools. In this research work, a sample of twenty (20) teachers and one hundred (100) students were collected by means of simple random sampling techniques from five secondary schools in Mushin Local Government. The research instrument used for the study was the teacher's and student's perception questionnaire which was validated by the supervisor and used for the collection of data from the respondents. The data collected from respondents were analyzed with distribution tables and simple percentage. At the end of the analysis the study revealed the major reasons for examination malpractice which include parental pressure for good grades, value attached to certificate and so on. The study further recommend that parent should not put pressure on their children for good grades. Also emphasis should not be lay on certificates.

Related Papers

ruth omolayo

This paper investigated teachers' perception of examination malpractices among secondary school students in Ondo State, Nigeria. As a descriptive research, the study population comprised the 481 secondary schools in Ondo State, Nigeria. This was made up of 281 public and 200 private schools as well as 210 urban and 272 rural schools. The sample consisted of 245 schools made up of 142 public and 103 private schools. Out of the 142 public schools, 62 were urban while 80 were rural schools. Out of the 103 private schools, 47 were urban while 56 were rural schools. Out of the 4250 teachers in the schools, 960 teachers were selected. The methods of selection were also by multi-stage and stratified random sampling techniques. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire while the data collected were analyzed using percentages, Person r product moment correlation and the t-test. The findings revealed that one major cause of examination malpractices in the schools was indiscipline among students that made many of them to be involved in examination malpractices. Other important causes include the non-implementation of the examination malpractices decree and the lack of effective supervision of students during examinations. It was recommended that concerted efforts should be made at improving the level of discipline among students through counseling services in the schools. There should be the full implementation of the examination malpractices decree. There should be increased efforts at effective supervision of students during examinations. The termination of appointment of examination officials and teachers involved in perpetrating examination malpractices should be in force to serve as a deterrent to others.

Elizabeth G. Akpama

This research was carried out to investigate examination malpractice among secondary school students in Calabar Municipality Local Government area in Cross River State as influenced by societal factors. The project highlights the causes of examination malpractice among secondary school students, the effect of examination malpractice and solution to examination malpractice in secondary schools. In this research work, a sample of twenty (20) teachers and one hundred (100) students were collected by means of simple random sampling techniques from five secondary schools in Calabar Municipality Local Government. The research instrument used for the study was the societal factors and students’ involvement in examination malpractice questionnaire which was validated by the supervisor and used for the collection of data from the respondents. The data collected from respondents were analyzed with distribution tables and F-Statistics tests. At the end of the analysis the study revealed the ma...

Murtala Hassan

IAR Consortium

IARCON Journals , owor effiom

The study examined school factors as correlates of examination malpractice among secondary school in Cross River state, it was prompted by the increasing incidence of examination malpractice in secondary schools in Cross River state and the country at large. T he need to establish the root cause of the devastating and very obnoxious situation needs to be investigated to proffer solutions to reposition the school system in the state. The multistage sampling technique was used to carve out a sample of 1674 students that were used for the study. The variables considered were; Class size, teachers' commitment, implementation of school rules and regulations, school facilities, enforcement of punishment, counseling services, student teacher ratio on attribution to examination malpractice. T he simple percentages and simple linear regression were used to analyze the data. It was found that school factors contributed to 73.80 percent while non school factors had only 26.20 percent respectively on student's attribution to examination malpractice. Further revelation showed that school factors had a significant effect on attribution to examination malpracticeamong secondary school students.

Friday Oko ORJI, PhD

The study investigated ‘causes and effect of examination malpractice on the performance of secondary school students in Orumba South Local Government Area. Three (3) research questions were used for the study with descriptive survey design adopted. Purposive sample technique and sample size of 200 respondents composed of fifty (50) teachers and hundred and fifty (150) students were used for the study. The responses were analyzed using arithmetic mean (X). The study was reported, among other things, that population explosion, corruption, fear of examination failure, parents’ pressure, laziness on the part of the students, bring about examination fraud. It was further reported that parents’ withdrawal of their children from the affected schools, emergence of bad reputation, employers’ loss of confidence on the educational system, inadequate performance of graduates at work places and cancellation of examinations constitute the effects of examination fraud. It was recommended that adequate funding of schools, adequate re-orientation of all parties to examination fraud, safe keeping of examination question papers and answered scripts, adequate sitting arrangement of students during examinations would help to solve the menace of examination misconduct in our school system

FORMS, FACTORS, CONSEQUENCES AND CONTROL OF EXAMINATION MALPRACTICES AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN KOGI STATE: IMPLICATIONS FOR GUIDANCE

OGUCHE 1 , Zainab Sammani

This study aimed at finding out the Forms, Factors, Consequences and Control of Examination Malpractices among Senior Secondary School Students in Kogi State; Implications for Guidance. The research adopted a descriptive research design, the population comprised 2,573 senior secondary school students spread across the six educational zone of Kogi State. A sample of 257 students was selected for the study through a multi-stage sampling procedure. Four research questions were raised to guide the study. A questionnaire consisting of 40 items was used as instrument for data collection. The reliability of the instrument was calculated using Split-half. Pearson Product Moment Coefficient of correlation was adopted to determine the reliability of the instrument. The result of the pilot test produced an index value of 0.86. Percentages, frequency counts and mean scores were used to analyze Demographical data and research questions while t-test were employed in testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The research discovered that, Leakage of question paper and sex for mark among others are the major forms of examination malpractices among secondary school students. Student's quests for certificate instead of knowledge among others are the major factors responsible for examination malpractices. Lowering of standard of certificate, promotion of laziness and laxity to read among others are the major consequences of examination malpractices among secondary school students. General change in societal value system and prohibition of cell phones in the examination hall are some of the control measures of examination malpractices in senior secondary schools in Kogi State. The study concluded among others that, the menace of examination malpractices among students can be addressed

Odunola Kazeem

Open Journal of Social Sciences

Adamu Abass

Examination malpractice is a widely acknowledged syndrome in any educational system in the world all over. In Ghana, the level of students' involvement in examination malpractice in Senior High Schools in Ghana has become increasingly worrying, problematic and threatening to the well-being of Ghanaian educational system. The researcher adopted descriptive survey design in the context of this study. The general knowledge of this research is to bring out the various factors that contribute to the examination malpractice among senior high students in Takoradi Metropolis. The target population was 600 senior high students in the Metropolis across 35 schools registered under the Ghana Education Service. A simple random sampling technique was used to draw 500 students out of the total population by the researcher in which questionnaires were administered to the respondents. The data were analyzed using regression analysis to show the relationship that exists between the variables (student factor, teacher factor and environment factor) heading to examination malpractices. The results came out that, the student factor, teacher factor and environment factor all have a positive influence in bringing examination malpractices among senior high students in the Metropolis. The student factor contributed to 98.2% whereas both the teacher factor and environment factor contributed 95.5%. The researcher recommended that, there should be intensified monitoring by the Ministry of Education through the help of standard officers and the head teachers to regulate examination malpractices. Also, it was recommended that, adequate spacing proper sitting arrangement of student helps to combat examination malpractice among senior high students in Takoradi Metropolis.

Ahile Philip

ABSTRACT Education, being a process of teaching and learning is evaluated through examination at the end of the learning period. Examination not only serves as feedback for the trainer to ascertain the level of knowledge acquisition but also serves as a measure of knowledge retention by the trainee. Any misconduct or irregularity distorts this feedback mechanism and gives a false outcome of the learning process. This paper examines the causes and forms of examination malpractice in Nigeria, the consequences on the national development, previous efforts made at curbing it and recommended ways of eradicating examination malpractice in the country. Relevant journals and conference papers consulted, and the writers’ personal experiences during examination invigilation were the sources of data used in the paper. It is discovered that the perennial lack of political will on the part of government to enforce the Decree 20 of 1984 and now, Examination Malpractice Act 33 of 1999 has caused the examination misconduct to remain on the increase in Nigeria. This paper recommends strongly that the Examination Malpractice Act of 1999 should be amended to incorporate that section of Decree 20 of 1984 which stipulated twenty-one years imprisonment without option of a fine for a convicted culprit. And the Act should be diligently enforced no matter whose ox is gored. Keywords: Education, Examination Malpractice, Institutions, National Development.

DANIEL PISHIKENI

The dimensions of examination malpractice in schools are discussed. The paper also discussed the use of moral instruction as a way of managing students’ examination malpractices in schools. Examination malpractice tends to relegate certificates issued at different levels of education. The level of this corruption in society inadvertently originated from primary and secondary schools. It is now affecting our tertiary institutions and thus has become a societal problem. It is however noted that students are not the only culprits and so there are needs for urgent moral instruction for all educational stakeholders. Among other recommendations, it was suggested that a good foundation of self-discipline and moral character be laid for youths.

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Expository essay on Examination Malpractice

Introduction.

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Examination malpractice is defined as any intentional misconduct that violates examination standards and is intended to provide a candidate with an unfair advantage. It is commonly known as cheating. It is the criminal conduct that students engage in during exams to improve their grades by cutting corners. Misconduct causes significant harm to pupils because many of them neglect their books, intending to perform the magic they are accustomed to performing in every examination.

Examination misconduct in the educational system has been widely disputed and seen as a serious problem not just by examination boards but also by school administrators, the educational system as a whole, the government, and society at large. Many of these anomalies or misconducts revolve around the examination. They have increased at an alarming rate over the previous three decades.

It is now expected that there is a standard practical method of passing an examination. 

Examining Malpractices in Various Forms

The following are some examples of examination malpractice:

• Leakage: This occurs when the content of an examination is revealed before taking the test. It usually entails inspecting authority personnel, printers, proofreaders, and messengers.
• Impersonation: When a person who is not enrolled as a candidate for a specific examination takes the place of someone who is. This is usually accomplished through collaboration between the chief examiner and the examination supervisor. It typically involves tertiary institution students taking the test in exchange for monetary compensation or a favor for a girl or boyfriend.
• Foreign Material Smuggling: This is possibly the most widespread type of misconduct. It refers to the illicit introduction of materials (e.g., parts or entire notebooks, textbooks, microchips, and answers) into the test hall. Foreign materials are smuggled into pants, shoes, hems, and bras, dropped or fastened in the examination hall before the exam, or even smuggled by candidates or their helpers.
• Plagiarism: Copying from another candidate’s work, with or without permission.
• Makers Malpractice: Willful manipulation of marks with the intent of inflating or deflating a candidate’s original marks. Either exam officials or candidates can start this.

Misbehavior During Examination

• Bringing unlawful materials related to the examination being taken into the examination hall.
• Copying with cooperation
• “Giraffing” is copying without cooperation.
• Presenting identical responses/answers to the same question(s) by two or more students, even if the question(s) has been canceled.
• All kinds of communication during an examination, such as passing or dropping papers and collecting or picking papers, and the appearance of different handwriting in a student’s script.
• Courier: The smuggling of exam question papers or materials from or to the examination hall.
• Reading notes or textbooks in the restroom or outside is prohibited during the relevant examination.
• Mobile phones and data or information storage devices are not permitted in examination halls.

Recommendations

Based on the research following are the recommendations to reduce examination misconduct 

• Students who commit examination misconduct are determined to be academically deficient. The flaw might be traced back to a shaky base in their educational ladder. Consequently, it is advised that improvements be made in education delivery, particularly at the foundation, i.e., primary and secondary levels.
• To combat the new wave of e-cheating, a restriction on the use of mobile phones, BBs, and IPADs in examination halls should be implemented.
• Stakeholders should stop paying for examination malpractice services. Religious and community leaders should intervene on behalf of parents who insist on their children receiving the greatest possible outcome without making genuine attempts to achieve it.
• The rigor and schedule of examinations should be examined so that when a student legitimately complains about being unable to write a test, he can do so. Another suitable time should be organized for him, perhaps in summer exams; this will eliminate the phobia of failure, resulting in impersonation and other forms of malpractice.

Examination malpractice occurs in all types of examinations, and cheating in these examinations is a routine. Everyone continues to this cankerworm in the school system, and all punishments put in place to deter it are near, if not wholly, ineffectual.

The factors could be traced to the social value system, candidate behavior, parental behaviour, and the educational system. The repercussions could be disastrous for both the education system and society.

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