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What do UK postgraduate degree classifications mean?

This article was written by the Great British Mag content team on 23 June 2021.

Interested in studying a postgraduate qualification at a UK university? Want to know how the grading works and what the different degree classifications mean? Then keep reading this article because we’ve covered it all.

What types of postgraduate courses are available in the UK?

There are few different options if you want to study for a postgraduate qualification in the UK. The most popular options include :

• Master’s degree: these typically last 12 months and learning is often done through lectures and seminars, sometimes with a research focus, too.
• Postgraduate research: this is an intense period of research into your chosen field, where you’ll be working alongside a team of specialists.
• Postgraduate diploma (PGDip): these usually lasts two terms (30 weeks) and can contribute towards a master’s degree, as the study is at the same level.
• Postgraduate certificate (PGCert): similar to a diploma but only lasting for 15 weeks, PGCerts can also contribute towards a master’s degree as the study is at the same level.
• Postgraduate Professional Development: this can be completed at your own pace over a two-year period and is worth 50 credits towards a PGCert PGDip or a master’s (for comparison, a master’s is worth 180 credits.)

What are the postgraduate grade classifications in the UK?

There are three types of Master’s programmes – integrated, research and taught. A UK integrated Master’s programme is usually graded using the typical undergraduate marking system. On the other hand, a research Master’s program is usually pass or fail. Then, there’s the taught Master’s program. This is your typical yearlong, 180 credit program. Most taught Master’s programs in the UK use the same grading and degree classification, which is comprised of distinctions, merits (or commendation) and pass.

What is a distinction degree and how do I earn it?

A distinction degree is the highest and most valued degree in postgraduate studies. It means you’re the best of the best, and you’ll be valuable to potential employers. It also means you are extremely qualified to go into your chosen field and have more than sufficient knowledge about the topic(s) you studied.

To earn a distinction degree, you typically must have an overall grade of 70% or above, just like a first-class honours degree in undergraduate studies. You will have to put in the work and study hard if you want to stay ahead of the curve and earn a distinction degree.

What is a merit degree and how do I earn it?

A merit degree is also known as a commendation. It’s not considered as prestigious as a distinction degree. However, it does come in handy in the job market. It is similar to the 2.1 second-class degree in the undergraduate honours system.

To earn a merit degree, you typically must have an overall grade of 60 to 69%. It’s respectable, and it’s passing, but we still encourage you to go for the gold and earn that distinction degree!

What is a pass and how do I earn it?

A pass typically the lowest degree you can earn. If your grade is any lower than this, you would be failing. A pass is not very attractive to future employers, so try to bump up your grades if you see yourself earning a pass.

To earn a pass, your overall grade must typically be between 50 and 59%. The degree classification is similar to the 2.2 second-class degree in the undergraduate honours system.

Anything below the 50% threshold is usually a fail. However, there are some borderline passes given due to some exceptions. A student might be less than a percent away from earning a pass. However, you shouldn’t count on this. A merit or a distinction degree is where you want to be, but you especially don’t want to fail and be left hoping that a professor has mercy and rounds up your grade.

If you plan on pursuing further education after your Master’s degree , you may want to research prospective schools’ degree classification requirements. While most schools will only require that you pass your master’s program, some may require a certain degree classification for admissions.

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DPhil in Philosophy

• Entry requirements
• Funding and Costs

College preference

• How to Apply

About the course

The Doctor of Philosophy (DPhil) in Philosophy is a three- to four-year full-time research programme whereby you undertake a doctoral level research project under the guidance of your supervisor(s). This course is not available in part-time mode of study and is not offered via distance learning.

The primary aim of the faculty’s DPhil in Philosophy is to prepare you for an academic career in philosophy. Each year, the Faculty of Philosophy welcomes students from a range of courses who have already completed substantial graduate work in philosophy. Typically, students who are successfully admitted to the DPhil course have already completed study that is equivalent or nearly equivalent to that required for Oxford’s BPhil in Philosophy course. The faculty’s Graduate Studies Committee recommends progression from Oxford's BPhil in Philosophy to the DPhil course, considering the BPhil offers the opportunity to study a wide range of philosophical topics over two years as well as to focus on a narrower field of research interest (unlike most one-year masters in a specialised subject, as offered elsewhere).

Students may also progress from the faculty's specialised MSt programmes - the MSt in Philosophy of Physics , the MSt in Ancient Philosophy and the MSt in Practical Ethics .

As part of your doctoral research you will produce a substantial 75,000-word thesis. Students proceeding to the DPhil programme via the BPhil will normally write a DPhil thesis which is an expansion of their BPhil thesis and may be able to incorporate the full contents of their 30,000-word BPhil thesis into the 75,000-word DPhil thesis. However, this is not a formal requirement; sometimes the BPhil thesis topic is not suitable for expansion into a DPhil thesis, or you may wish to write your DPhil thesis on a different topic.

You are not required to attend any taught graduate classes as part of your DPhil degree, but you are encouraged to participate in lectures, classes, seminars and other educational opportunities offered throughout the university as relevant to your topic of study. The course has no fieldwork, industrial placement or year abroad element, but you may decide to attend conferences, workshops or research training elsewhere.

You may attend any graduate or undergraduate classes, seminars and lectures in and outside of the Faculty of Philosophy which are of interest to you, provided that those classes, seminars and lectures are open to you.

Each term, many graduate classes and research seminars are organised by faculty members in which graduate students are full and important participants.

Graduates are encouraged to organise their own seminars and reading groups, and they also run two societies: one invites distinguished speakers from the UK and around the world, while the other gives graduates the opportunity to present papers to a graduate audience.

Each year there is an Oxford Graduate Philosophy Conference, in which most graduate philosophy students participate in some way.

The Masters of Letters (MLitt) in Philosophy is awarded on the basis of a thesis of maximum 50,000 words. In practice, applicants are admitted for the MLitt only in exceptional cases, and few students submit a thesis for the MLitt. The MLitt is more often an exit award for DPhil students who fail or withdraw from the DPhil degree but meet the requirements for the MLitt.

Course Outcomes

As a DPhil student, you will research, summarise, present and defend an argument with some of the best scholars in their subject, under the direction of (an) experienced researcher(s), and will extend your skills and experiences.

During the DPhil you will learn new or hone existing intellectual, practical and transferable skills, as follows:

• analyse and clarify an abstract question, grasp and critically compare different approaches to answering it, and develop an approach of your own
• put complex arguments together for and against a position and take them apart
• interpret difficult historical texts produced within a historical context
• construct extensive pieces of writing that provide a clear overview of a subject and a sustained independent argument about it, presented in a lucid, objective and scholarly manner
• demonstrate excellent oral presentation
• have effective time organisation (since you must produce extensive pieces of written work at regular intervals and to tight deadlines)
• sustain intensive work to a deadline over an extended period
• make effective use of libraries, information technology and other sources of information

Supervision

The allocation of graduate supervision for this course is the responsibility of the Faculty of Philosophy and it is not always possible to accommodate the preferences of incoming graduate students to work with a particular member of staff. Under exceptional circumstances a supervisor may be found outside the Faculty of Philosophy.

You should have regular one-to-one tuition sessions with your supervisor(s). These will normally happen twice per term but in some terms, especially at the start of the degree and during the final stages of the thesis, the number of sessions may be increased.

You will normally be assigned one supervisor to start with but towards the end of your course, after you have been awarded confirmation of status, it is usual for you to receive a second, additional supervisor, to offer another view on your work as well as to provide another reference for you if required.

You will initially be enrolled as a Probationary Research Student (PRS), unless you have previously completed the BPhil course at Oxford (see below). Normally in the third term after enrolment onto the DPhil as a PRS student, you are required to complete a transfer of status from PRS to full DPhil student status. Two appointed examiners will interview you on:

• your thesis outline, which explains the intended line of argument or contribution to the subject;
• a piece of written work in the area and philosophical style of the proposed thesis which is typically, though not necessarily, a draft chapter of the thesis.

If you progressed from the MSt in Philosophy of Physics course, you are required to write a 20,000-word thesis during your year as a PRS, as your MSt does not have a thesis element.

Normally at the end of the second year after you enrolled, you will be required to apply for confirmation of your DPhil student status. This application will involve an interview by one or two appointed examiners on:

• your thesis outline, comprising both a reasoned statement of the nature of, and some detail on, the proposed thesis together with a provisional table of contents; and
• a piece of written work intended as a part of the thesis, in final or near-final draft.

If you progress from the BPhil, you will normally enter the DPhil without being required to pass a year as a PRS and as a result you will normally apply for confirmation of DPhil status in the third term after enrolment onto the DPhil and, according to the Examination Regulations at time of publication, you will only have six terms (instead of the usual nine terms) of fee liability  for your DPhil.

The doctoral work culminates in a 75,000-word thesis that is defended orally in front of two appointed examiners ( viva voce ).

Graduate destinations

The DPhil in Philosophy's primary aim is to prepare students for an academic career in philosophy. Most DPhil graduates do indeed secure academic posts, as witnessed by the faculty's placement record .

The faculty provides a  placement scheme to help students seeking jobs within philosophy. Users of the placement scheme may ask their referees to send reference letters directly to the faculty where they will be held on file and sent out to universities or other academic institutions at the student’s request. The placement scheme is normally available to alumni until they have secured a tenured post.

The faculty's Placement Officer helps job applicants with the preparation of their CVs, provides advice about the presentation of material in an application dossier, and arranges practice interviews. The Placement Officer also holds a yearly introductory placement seminar, compulsory to those wishing to make use of the placement scheme. Also, students are invited to give talks based on material they propose to use in their writing samples or job talks, with an opportunity for comment and discussion. 

The faculty also runs an email mailing list for members of the placement scheme, which will be used to pass on job tips and news of vacancies.

The faculty runs a teaching scheme, lecturing scheme and a Graduate Teaching Register with the aim of providing teaching experience for those DPhil students who intend to pursue an academic career. In the case of the teaching scheme and Graduate Teaching Register, you will do a certain amount of teaching and marking under the guidance of a college fellow. If you are accepted into the lecturing scheme, you will be allowed to give an undergraduate lecture course of your own choice and design, consisting of four one-hour lectures.

Changes to this course and your supervision

The University will seek to deliver this course in accordance with the description set out in this course page. However, there may be situations in which it is desirable or necessary for the University to make changes in course provision, either before or after registration. The safety of students, staff and visitors is paramount and major changes to delivery or services may have to be made in circumstances of a pandemic, epidemic or local health emergency. In addition, in certain circumstances, for example due to visa difficulties or because the health needs of students cannot be met, it may be necessary to make adjustments to course requirements for international study.

Where possible your academic supervisor will not change for the duration of your course. However, it may be necessary to assign a new academic supervisor during the course of study or before registration for reasons which might include illness, sabbatical leave, parental leave or change in employment.

For further information please see our page on changes to courses and the provisions of the student contract regarding changes to courses.

Entry requirements for entry in 2024-25

Proven and potential academic excellence.

The requirements described below are specific to this course and apply only in the year of entry that is shown. You can use our interactive tool to help you  evaluate whether your application is likely to be competitive .

Please be aware that any studentships that are linked to this course may have different or additional requirements and you should read any studentship information carefully before applying. 

Degree-level qualifications

As a minimum, applicants should hold or be predicted to achieve the following UK qualifications or their equivalent:

• the BPhil in Philosophy from the University of Oxford with a distinction or near-distinction grade, or an equivalent national or international qualification;  and
• a first-class or strong upper second-class undergraduate degree with honours in philosophy or a closely-related degree which involved substantial engagement with philosophy.

However, entrance is very competitive and most successful applicants have a first-class degree or the equivalent.

For applicants with a degree from the USA, the minimum GPA sought is 3.6 out of 4.0. However, most successful applicants have a GPA of 3.7 or above.

If your degree is not from the UK or another country specified above, visit our International Qualifications page for guidance on the qualifications and grades that would usually be considered to meet the University’s minimum entry requirements.

GRE General Test scores

No Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or GMAT scores are sought.

Other qualifications, evidence of excellence and relevant experience

You are not required to have any publications but these may be an advantage.

Further guidance

Applicants who achieve a distinction in the BPhil in Philosophy , the MSt in Philosophy of Physics , the MSt in Ancient Philosophy or the MSt in Practical Ethics are eligible for progression to the DPhil, provided that the faculty's Graduate Studies Committee is satisfied that their proposed thesis topic and outline indicate that they can be adequately supervised by members of the Philosophy Faculty. Students who pass the BPhil in Philosophy, the MSt in Philosophy of Physics, the MSt in Ancient Philosophy or the MSt in Practical Ethics without a distinction may be admitted to the DPhil at the Committee’s discretion.

All applications are assessed by the faculty's Graduate Studies Committee at the same time, after the application deadline has passed, and offers are made on a strictly comparative basis.

Applicants should not apply with more than one distinct research proposal.

English language proficiency

This course requires proficiency in English at the University's  higher level . If your first language is not English, you may need to provide evidence that you meet this requirement. The minimum scores required to meet the University's higher level are detailed in the table below.

*Previously known as the Cambridge Certificate of Advanced English or Cambridge English: Advanced (CAE) † Previously known as the Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency in English or Cambridge English: Proficiency (CPE)

Your test must have been taken no more than two years before the start date of your course. Our Application Guide provides  further information about the English language test requirement .

Declaring extenuating circumstances

If your ability to meet the entry requirements has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic (eg you were awarded an unclassified/ungraded degree) or any other exceptional personal circumstance (eg other illness or bereavement), please refer to the guidance on extenuating circumstances in the Application Guide for information about how to declare this so that your application can be considered appropriately.

You will need to register three referees who can give an informed view of your academic ability and suitability for the course. The  How to apply  section of this page provides details of the types of reference that are required in support of your application for this course and how these will be assessed.

Supporting documents

You will be required to supply supporting documents with your application. The  How to apply  section of this page provides details of the supporting documents that are required as part of your application for this course and how these will be assessed.

Performance at interview

Interviews are not normally held as part of the admissions process.

How your application is assessed

Your application will be assessed purely on your proven and potential academic excellence and other entry requirements described under that heading.

References  and  supporting documents  submitted as part of your application, and your performance at interview (if interviews are held) will be considered as part of the assessment process. Whether or not you have secured funding will not be taken into consideration when your application is assessed.

An overview of the shortlisting and selection process is provided below. Our ' After you apply ' pages provide  more information about how applications are assessed . 

Shortlisting and selection

Students are considered for shortlisting and selected for admission without regard to age, disability, gender reassignment, marital or civil partnership status, pregnancy and maternity, race (including colour, nationality and ethnic or national origins), religion or belief (including lack of belief), sex, sexual orientation, as well as other relevant circumstances including parental or caring responsibilities or social background. However, please note the following:

• socio-economic information may be taken into account in the selection of applicants and award of scholarships for courses that are part of  the University’s pilot selection procedure  and for  scholarships aimed at under-represented groups ;
• country of ordinary residence may be taken into account in the awarding of certain scholarships; and
• protected characteristics may be taken into account during shortlisting for interview or the award of scholarships where the University has approved a positive action case under the Equality Act 2010.

Processing your data for shortlisting and selection

Information about  processing special category data for the purposes of positive action  and  using your data to assess your eligibility for funding , can be found in our Postgraduate Applicant Privacy Policy.

Admissions panels and assessors

All recommendations to admit a student involve the judgement of at least two members of the academic staff with relevant experience and expertise, and must also be approved by the Director of Graduate Studies or Admissions Committee (or equivalent within the department).

Admissions panels or committees will always include at least one member of academic staff who has undertaken appropriate training.

Other factors governing whether places can be offered

The following factors will also govern whether candidates can be offered places:

• the ability of the University to provide the appropriate supervision for your studies, as outlined under the 'Supervision' heading in the  About  section of this page;
• the ability of the University to provide appropriate support for your studies (eg through the provision of facilities, resources, teaching and/or research opportunities); and
• minimum and maximum limits to the numbers of students who may be admitted to the University's taught and research programmes.

Offer conditions for successful applications

If you receive an offer of a place at Oxford, your offer will outline any conditions that you need to satisfy and any actions you need to take, together with any associated deadlines. These may include academic conditions, such as achieving a specific final grade in your current degree course. These conditions will usually depend on your individual academic circumstances and may vary between applicants. Our ' After you apply ' pages provide more information about offers and conditions . 

In addition to any academic conditions which are set, you will also be required to meet the following requirements:

Financial Declaration

If you are offered a place, you will be required to complete a  Financial Declaration  in order to meet your financial condition of admission.

Disclosure of criminal convictions

In accordance with the University’s obligations towards students and staff, we will ask you to declare any  relevant, unspent criminal convictions  before you can take up a place at Oxford.

Oxford is one of the world’s great centres for philosophy, and is widely recognised to be amongst the best. In the most recent Philosophical Gourmet Report (2021-22) Oxford University’s Faculty of Philosophy was once again ranked top in the list of Philosophy Faculties in the United Kingdom and still ranked second in the overall ranking of philosophy faculties in the English speaking world. More than 150 professional philosophers work in the University and its colleges, between them covering a vast range of subjects within philosophy, and many are international leaders in their fields. 

Many philosophy subjects at Oxford are ranked highly in the most recent Philosophical Gourmet Report’s breakdown of programmes by speciality (2020-21) , including metaphysics, epistemology, philosophical logic, philosophy of language, applied ethics, metaethics and moral psychology, normative ethics, political philosophy, philosophy of law, philosophy of art, philosophy of physics, decision & rational choice, & game theory, ancient philosophy, 18th century early modern philosophy and 20th century continental philosophy.

The Philosophy Centre in the Radcliffe Humanities building on Woodstock Road acts as a focal point for the faculty’s activities and contains, as well as lecturing and teaching space, a graduate study room and a graduate common room. A wireless network runs throughout the Philosophy Centre.

The Philosophy Centre also contains the department's library, with over 25,000 volumes, a collection of approximately 80 periodicals, online access to many philosophical databases, and librarians trained in the specific bibliographic needs of philosophers. Many college libraries also have extensive holdings in philosophy.

The faculty runs a teaching scheme, lecturing scheme and a Graduate Teaching Register with the aim of providing teaching experience for those DPhil students who intend to pursue an academic career. In the case of the teaching scheme and Graduate Teaching Register, you will do a certain amount of teaching and marking under the guidance of a college fellow. If you are accepted into the lecturing scheme, you will be allowed to give an undergraduate lecture course of your own choice and design, consisting of four one-hour lectures. 

Over 150 Oxford academics are employed by or associated with the Faculty of Philosophy, making it one of the largest philosophy departments worldwide. 

The Faculty of Philosophy is widely recognised to be amongst the best philosophy departments in the world, ranked first in the UK and second in the English-speaking world by the most recent  Philosophical Gourmet Report  (2021-22). 

The faculty offers a wide range of graduate classes, seminars and supervisions, providing you with high-quality tuition in philosophy. This includes its flagship course, the  BPhil in Philosophy , which we believe provides the perfect graduate level training for further studies to doctoral level and is usually studied as the first two years of a four- to five-year doctoral program.

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The University expects to be able to offer over 1,000 full or partial graduate scholarships across the collegiate University in 2024-25. You will be automatically considered for the majority of Oxford scholarships , if you fulfil the eligibility criteria and submit your graduate application by the relevant December or January deadline. Most scholarships are awarded on the basis of academic merit and/or potential. 

For further details about searching for funding as a graduate student visit our dedicated Funding pages, which contain information about how to apply for Oxford scholarships requiring an additional application, details of external funding, loan schemes and other funding sources.

Please ensure that you visit individual college websites for details of any college-specific funding opportunities using the links provided on our college pages or below:

Please note that not all the colleges listed above may accept students on this course. For details of those which do, please refer to the College preference section of this page.

Further information about funding opportunities  for this course can be found on the faculty's website.

Annual fees for entry in 2024-25

Further details about fee status eligibility can be found on the fee status webpage.

Information about course fees

Course fees are payable each year, for the duration of your fee liability (your fee liability is the length of time for which you are required to pay course fees). For courses lasting longer than one year, please be aware that fees will usually increase annually. For details, please see our guidance on changes to fees and charges .

Course fees cover your teaching as well as other academic services and facilities provided to support your studies. Unless specified in the additional information section below, course fees do not cover your accommodation, residential costs or other living costs. They also don’t cover any additional costs and charges that are outlined in the additional information below.

Continuation charges

Following the period of fee liability , you may also be required to pay a University continuation charge and a college continuation charge. The University and college continuation charges are shown on the Continuation charges page.

Where can I find further information about fees?

The Fees and Funding  section of this website provides further information about course fees , including information about fee status and eligibility  and your length of fee liability .

Additional information

The Philosophy Graduate Studies Committee has a research and travel fund for graduate students to which students may apply for assistance with, for example, the costs of attending conferences or workshops. BPhil and MSt students may only apply for funding if they are presenting a paper. Probationary Research Students and DPhil students are entitled to apply for funding to attend a workshop, conference, etc, whether or not they are presenting a paper.

There are no compulsory elements of this course that entail additional costs beyond fees (or, after fee liability ends, continuation charges) and living costs. However, please note that, depending on your choice of research topic and the research required to complete it, you may incur additional expenses, such as travel expenses, research expenses, and field trips. You will need to meet these additional costs, although you may be able to apply for small grants from your department and/or college to help you cover some of these expenses.

Living costs

In addition to your course fees, you will need to ensure that you have adequate funds to support your living costs for the duration of your course.

For the 2024-25 academic year, the range of likely living costs for full-time study is between c. £1,345 and £1,955 for each month spent in Oxford. Full information, including a breakdown of likely living costs in Oxford for items such as food, accommodation and study costs, is available on our living costs page. The current economic climate and high national rate of inflation make it very hard to estimate potential changes to the cost of living over the next few years. When planning your finances for any future years of study in Oxford beyond 2024-25, it is suggested that you allow for potential increases in living expenses of around 5% each year – although this rate may vary depending on the national economic situation. UK inflationary increases will be kept under review and this page updated.

Students enrolled on this course will belong to both a department/faculty and a college. Please note that ‘college’ and ‘colleges’ refers to all 43 of the University’s colleges, including those designated as societies and permanent private halls (PPHs). 

If you apply for a place on this course you will have the option to express a preference for one of the colleges listed below, or you can ask us to find a college for you. Before deciding, we suggest that you read our brief  introduction to the college system at Oxford  and our  advice about expressing a college preference . For some courses, the department may have provided some additional advice below to help you decide.

The following colleges accept students on the DPhil in Philosophy:

• Balliol College
• Blackfriars
• Brasenose College
• Campion Hall
• Christ Church
• Corpus Christi College
• Exeter College
• Harris Manchester College
• Hertford College
• Jesus College
• Keble College
• Kellogg College
• Lady Margaret Hall
• Linacre College
• Lincoln College
• Magdalen College
• Mansfield College
• Merton College
• New College
• Oriel College
• Pembroke College
• The Queen's College
• Regent's Park College
• Reuben College
• St Anne's College
• St Catherine's College
• St Cross College
• St Edmund Hall
• St Hilda's College
• St Hugh's College
• St John's College
• St Peter's College
• Somerville College
• Trinity College
• University College
• Wadham College
• Wolfson College
• Worcester College
• Wycliffe Hall

Before you apply

Our  guide to getting started  provides general advice on how to prepare for and start your application. You can use our interactive tool to help you  evaluate whether your application is likely to be competitive .

If it's important for you to have your application considered under a particular deadline – eg under a December or January deadline in order to be considered for Oxford scholarships – we recommend that you aim to complete and submit your application at least two weeks in advance . Check the deadlines on this page and the  information about deadlines  in our Application Guide.

Application fee waivers

An application fee of £75 is payable per course application. Application fee waivers are available for the following applicants who meet the eligibility criteria:

• applicants from low-income countries;
• refugees and displaced persons; 
• UK applicants from low-income backgrounds; and 
• applicants who applied for our Graduate Access Programmes in the past two years and met the eligibility criteria.

You are encouraged to  check whether you're eligible for an application fee waiver  before you apply.

Readmission for current Oxford graduate taught students

If you're currently studying for an Oxford graduate taught course and apply to this course with no break in your studies, you may be eligible to apply to this course as a readmission applicant. The application fee will be waived for an eligible application of this type. Check whether you're eligible to apply for readmission .

Do I need to contact anyone before I apply?

Before you apply, you should identify an academic member of staff who is willing to supervise you and has the resources to support your proposed research project. There is no need to contact prospective supervisors directly; details of academic staff, including their research interests and contact details, can be found on the department's website.

Please note that it can never be guaranteed that your proposed supervisor will be assigned to you, even if you receive prior informal approval from that supervisor.

Completing your application

You should refer to the information below when completing the application form, paying attention to the specific requirements for the supporting documents .

For this course, the application form will include questions that collect information that would usually be included in a CV/résumé. You should not upload a separate document. If a separate CV/résumé is uploaded, it will be removed from your application .

If any document does not meet the specification, including the stipulated word count, your application may be considered incomplete and not assessed by the academic department. Expand each section to show further details.

Proposed field and title of research project

Under the 'Field and title of research project' please enter your proposed field or area of research if this is known. If the department has advertised a specific research project that you would like to be considered for, please enter the project title here instead.

You should not use this field to type out a full research proposal. You will be able to upload your research supporting materials separately if they are required (as described below).

Proposed supervisor

If known, under 'Proposed supervisor name' enter the name of the academic(s) who you would like to supervise your research. Otherwise, leave this field blank.

Referees Three overall, academic preferred

Whilst you must register three referees, the department may start the assessment of your application if two of the three references are submitted by the course deadline and your application is otherwise complete. Please note that you may still be required to ensure your third referee supplies a reference for consideration.

Three academic references are usually required. However, if you have been out of education for a long time, or if you have substantial relevant working experience, then a maximum of one professional reference may replace an academic reference, provided that it speaks to your ability to undertake philosophy studies at graduate level.

Your references should support outstanding academic achievement, great intellectual ability, strong motivation, and independence of thought.

Official transcript(s)

Your transcripts should give detailed information of the individual grades received in your university-level qualifications to date. You should only upload official documents issued by your institution and any transcript not in English should be accompanied by a certified translation.

More information about the transcript requirement is available in the Application Guide.

Personal statement and research proposal: Statement of a maximum of 500 words and a proposal of a maximum of 2,000 words

Your statement of purpose/personal statement and research proposal should be submitted as a single, combined document with clear subheadings. Please ensure that the word counts for each section are clearly visible in the document.

Personal statement

You should also submit a personal statement explaining your motivation for applying for graduate study at Oxford. Your statement should focus on philosophy, rather than personal, extra-curricular achievements and interests. In your statement, you may wish to consider the following questions:

• why are you applying to this particular programme of study?
• what relevant academic and/or research experience do you have?
• which areas of study within the subject interest you?
• why would you be an excellent candidate for this course?
• how does this course fit in with your future career plans?

Your personal statement should be written in English and be a maximum of 500 words.

If possible, please ensure that the word count is clearly displayed on the document.

Your personal statement will be assessed for evidence of motivation for and understanding of the proposed area of study.

Research proposal

Your research proposal should comprise a detailed outline of your proposed research, covering areas such as the background to the research, methodology, expected results and the contribution to the field of learning. You may wish to make reference to your academic achievements, interests and aspirations and the relevance of the course to your future career development plans.

Your research proposal should be written in English and be a maximum of 2,000 words. The word count does not need to include any bibliography or brief footnotes.

Your research proposal will be assessed for:

• coherence 
• originality 
• evidence of motivation for and understanding of the proposed area of study
• ability to present a reasoned case in English
• feasibility of successfully completing the project in the time available for the course (normally three years and a maximum of four years)
• commitment to the subject
• knowledge of research techniques
• capacity for sustained and intense work
• reasoning ability
• ability to absorb new ideas, often presented abstractly, at a rapid pace.

It will be normal for your ideas subsequently to change in some ways as you investigate the evidence and develop your project, but you should nevertheless make the best effort you can to demonstrate the extent of your research question, sources and method at the time of your application.

Written work: One essay of 4,000 to a maximum of 5,000 words

You should submit an academic essay on a subject related to your proposed research topic. 

The essay should be typed or word-processed in English and must be clearly marked with your name and the date of composition. The word count does not need to include the end bibliography. Footnotes and in-text referencing are included.

This will be assessed for:

• clarity and accuracy of thought and writing
• intellectual independence
• willingness and ability to reach conclusions by reasoned argument rather than assertion
• a critical and attentive reading of any texts discussed
• understanding of important philosophical ideas and theories
• if required by the topic of the work, appropriate technical skills.

Start or continue your application

You can start or return to an application using the relevant link below. As you complete the form, please  refer to the requirements above  and  consult our Application Guide for advice . You'll find the answers to most common queries in our FAQs.

Application Guide   Apply

ADMISSION STATUS

Closed to applications for entry in 2024-25

Register to be notified via email when the next application cycle opens (for entry in 2025-26)

12:00 midday UK time on:

Friday 5 January 2024 Latest deadline for most Oxford scholarships Final application deadline for entry in 2024-25

*Three-year average (applications for entry in 2021-22 to 2023-24)

Further information and enquiries

This course is offered by the Faculty of Philosophy

• Course page  and FAQs on the faculty's website
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Course-related enquiries

Advice about contacting the department can be found in the How to apply section of this page

✉ [email protected] ☎ +44 (0)1865 276930

Application-process enquiries

See the application guide

Other courses to consider

You may also wish to consider applying to other courses that are similar or related to this course:

View related courses

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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The degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is the University's principal research degree for graduate students and is available in all faculties and departments.

A Cambridge PhD is intellectually demanding and you will need to have a high level of attainment and motivation to pursue this programme of advanced study and research.

In most faculties, a candidate is expected to have completed one year of postgraduate study, normally on a research preparation master's course, prior to starting a PhD.

Completion normally requires three or four years of full-time study, or at least five years of part-time study, including a probationary period.

Terms of research are normally consecutive and, for full-time students, require residency in Cambridge. Not all departments offer part-time research degrees.

Various routes to the PhD are possible and, if you are made an offer of admission, it will be made clear whether you are required to study for a master's degree or certificate in the first instance, or will be admitted directly to the probationary year for the PhD. You are registered for the PhD only after a satisfactory progress assessment at the end of the probationary year (five terms for part-time degrees). The assessment is designed also to focus your mind on the stages necessary for the completion of your research within the normal time limit and to address any structural problems that have arisen during the first year. Students must pass the first year assessment in order to continue their PhD study.

During your PhD, your effort will be focused on writing a dissertation. The word count of the dissertation is dependent on the department and the Student Registry or Educational Student Policy will be able to tell you the maximum word limit. This must represent a significant contribution to learning, for example through the discovery of new knowledge, the connection of previously unrelated facts, the development of a new theory, or the revision of older views, and must take account of previously published work on the subject. Some Cambridge dissertations go on to form the basis of significant publications.

Although you will spend long hours working independently, your department and College will both support you throughout your PhD. You are also able to attend regular seminars in your subject area and could be involved in teaching, perhaps giving seminars or supervising, or in the social life of your department and College.

PhD course search

Go to the Course Directory and filter courses using the relevant checkboxes.

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Applying for a PhD

How to apply for a phd.

Follow the steps below to make your application – from finding a supervisor to drafting a research proposal. When you are ready to apply, find the relevant PhD course page to submit your application.

If you have any questions please email [email protected] .

Step 1 - find a research match

Before submitting an application, we encourage you to contact a potential supervisor via email.

To find a supervisor in an area you are interested in and their contact email please see the relevant  School/College PhD opportunities page  which lists current opportunities and research areas and current and past PhD research projects.

When you email a supervisor, please consider the following to help them assess whether you are a suitable PhD candidate:

• Is the proposed project suitable for PhD study?
• Do you have the academic strength to complete your project?
• Can the project be completed within the required time?
• Do they have the relevant knowledge to supervise your project?
• Can the School/College support your project and do they have the facilities and resources?

If you cannot find the research area you are looking for on the School/College PhD opportunities pages , or have any queries about the application process, please email  Postgraduate Admissions .

Step 2 - review our entry requirements and funding

Entry requirements

The minimum entry requirement is a UK upper second class honours degree (2:1) and a masters degree with merit or distinction. If your qualifications are not from a UK university, we also consider recognised equivalent qualifications from accredited overseas institutions and equivalent professional qualifications.

If English is not your first language, you will require an IELTS score of at least 6.5 overall, with no element under 6.0. If you obtained your masters degree in the UK, you are exempt from this requirement. You do not need to meet this at the point of application. You may provide evidence of your English level at a later date.

You should ensure that you have a realistic plan to secure sufficient funding to complete the research and writing-up process within the normal time period. This is usually three to four years for full-time programmes, and five to six years for part-time programmes.

Some of our full-time PhD students are funded by the University. Studentships cover your tuition fees and normally include an allowance towards living costs - find out more about our Vice Chancellor's PhD scholarships . Studentships are advertised on the University website and Findaphd.com.

Step 3 - prepare a research proposal

Add the name of your supervisor to the front page of your proposal.  Before submitting your application, you may need to revise your proposal several times. Whilst your potential supervisor may help you do this, it is important that you present them with as clear a proposal as you can when you first make contact with them.

Tips for writing a good research proposal include:

• Put together a precise, interesting research question; this may be a hypothesis to be tested, or a more open-ended inquiry.
• Establish the relevance and value of the proposed research question in the context of current academic thinking. Is there a knowledge gap?
• Outline a clear and practical methodology which enables you to answer the research question, and to describe and evaluate any data or source material you will draw upon.
• Suggest what you hope to discover at the end of your research and what new areas it might open up.
• Demonstrate that your research will not take longer than four years of full-time study or six years of part-time study.

Step 4 - gather your documents and apply online

To get to the online application form, select the relevant PhD course page for your research area.

Your application should be submitted with the following:

• A completed application form
• Transcripts
• Proof of English language ability for overseas applicants from non-English speaking countries
• Your research proposal

Step 5 - what happens next

Once processed, the School/College may get in touch with you directly to discuss your application and arrange an interview. If you are not successful in being short-listed for interview you will be informed by email.

PhD opportunities

Find out about the research specialisms in each of our Schools/Colleges and the PhD opportunities that they are offering, along with details of current and awarded PhD projects.

Find a supervisor in the area in which you are interested in studying to discuss your research proposal.

Research degrees School of Computing and Engineering

Research degrees School of Medicine and Biosciences

Research degrees London School of Film, Media and Design

Research degrees College of Nursing Midwifery and Healthcare

Research degrees School of Human and Social Sciences

Research degrees London College of Music

Research degrees London Geller College of Hospitality and Tourism

Research degrees School of Law

Research degrees Claude Littner Business School

Why study for a PhD with us?

Join an established research community

When you study for a research degree at UWL you will join the international research and learning community of our collaborative research groups and Research Centres.

Get the support to excel

You will be supported by your supervisory team and by the Graduate School. You and your supervisors will have regular one-to-one meetings which will provide you with opportunities to discuss and develop your research project. The Graduate School will provide structured research training and an environment where you can debate your research with other PhD students and researchers.

You will have full access to UWL student support .

A strong supervisory team, who were critical yet building, together with ample support from administrative staff got me through this rewarding journey - combined with an overall a sense of camaraderie with fellow doctoral students.

The Vice-Chancellor's PhD scholarships

Vice-chancellor's phd scholarships.

As part of its research expansion strategy, the University is offering a number of opportunities for fully funded PhD Scholarships. These will be available for all eligible students* (both home and international). 

The University welcomes applicants who wish to study for a PhD research degree in one of its schools or colleges. Visit our PhD opportunities page for more information.

PhD scholars will be expected to carry out teaching or research duties for a maximum of six hours per week (full-time) and three hours per week (part-time).

• Stipend of £22,000 per year (tax free)  
• Up to £900 per year to attend conferences  
• Duration: Three years
• Stipend of £11,000 per year (tax free)
• Up to £450 per year to attend conferences
• Duration: Six years

Deadlines for applications

• International students: 12 May 2024 
• Home students: 30 June 2024

Applications can be made as part of your PhD application - please state on the application form that you would like to apply for the Vice-Chancellor's Scholarship. 

Find out more about the full range of subject areas, terms and conditions and more on the applying for a PhD page.

* Please note that international students cannot apply for part-time scholarships.

Application deadline

Further information.

The University welcomes applicants who wish to study for a PhD research degree in one of its schools or colleges. Visit the PhD opportunities page for more information.

Particular attention will be paid to applications aligned with one (or more) of our research strategic priorities: 

• Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) – We encourage applications promoting and embedding EDI values throughout the whole research process. We also encourage original research addressing key EDI-related challenges.
• Interdisciplinarity - We encourage applications sitting across several UWL Schools/Colleges and demonstrating innovative research focus and/or methodologies.
• Impact - We encourage applications demonstrating effect on, change or benefit to the economy, society, culture, public policy or services, health, the environment or quality of life, beyond academia.

Successful applicants to the Vice-Chancellor’s Scholarship will join a vibrant and challenging academic environment where innovation, insight, and knowledge creation feeds into high quality research. 

Terms and conditions

Full-time beneficiaries of these scholarships will be engaged on a programme of full-time study and are not expected to undertake paid work for the duration of their course. The stipend will support students towards their accommodation and living costs, and towards any peripheral costs incurred in the course of their study. 

Frequently asked questions

What are the entry requirements for studying for a phd.

We welcome applicants with a variety of qualifications and work experience from across the world. Applicants registering for a PhD will normally need the following:

• a First or Upper Second class (2:1) undergraduate degree or equivalent in a relevant field AND
• a Masters degree (MA, MSc, MBA or MRes) with Merit or above, or have equivalent postgraduate or research experience.

International applicants must also ensure they have a strong understanding of written and spoken English with an IELTS score of minimum 6.5 (with no element under 6.0). Applicants with a previous degree obtained in the UK are exempt from this requirement. 

When can I start a PhD?

Research degrees can be started in January, May or September.

How long does it take to qualify for a PhD?

You can study for a PhD either full-time or part-time.

Full-time students are expected to devote an average of  35 - 40 hours per week to research, whilst part-time students are expected to devote an average 18 hours per week.

The maximum periods of registration for PhDs are:

• full-time - 48 months maximum
• part-time - 72 months maximum

What are the fees for a PhD?

The cost of each PhD are included on the course pages .

The fees for 2023/24 are:

• Home - £3,995
• International - £14,750
• Home - £2,000
• International - £7,375

Can I get help with funding my PhD?

We welcome applicants for our full-time Vice Chancellor's PhD scholarships, which are open to all UK students who qualify and include:

• Waiver of UK PhD tuition fees
• Payment of a tax-free stipend of £15,000 per annum.

PhD scholars carry out teaching duties for a maximum of six hours per week. Scholarships are for three years (subject to satisfactory performance and academic progress).

Beneficiaries of these scholarships will be engaged on a programme of full-time study and are not expected to undertake paid work for the duration of their course. The stipend will support students towards their accommodation and living costs, and towards any peripheral costs incurred in the course of their study (including attendance at conferences). 

For further information please email: [email protected] .

Find out more

If you would like more information about studying for a research degree please email: [email protected]

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International students: PhD/doctoral study in the UK at the University of Brighton

Brighton is a vibrant and creative seaside city on the South-East coast of the United Kingdom. By train it is 60 minutes south from London and only 30 minutes from London's major international Gatwick airport.

The University of Brighton is a contemporary, forward-thinking university with world-leading and internationally excellent research recognised in the latest national research assessment (REF2021) . Most importantly, we put our students at the heart of everything we do.

Find out more about your opportunities to join the University of Brighton as an international research student.

Our Frequently Asked Questions from International applicants  (FAQs) below will give you a sense of:

• Brighton as a city and the University of Brighton as a place to study
• Entry requirements
• Visas / CAS / ATAS
• Working during and after study
• Costs and funding
• How to apply
• Support when coming to the UK

There are further, general PhD applicant FAQs to explore, as well as our International pages on the university website , and you can contact our Doctoral College if you have further questions.

Find your PhD discipline area using key terms or browse through our lists .

Application to the University of Brighton should generally be made after a preliminary approach to a chosen lead supervisor.

When you are ready, apply through our application portal.

FAQs: Brighton as a city and the University of Brighton as a place to study

Where is Brighton located in the UK?

Brighton is a vibrant and creative seaside city on the South-East coast of the United Kingdom.

By train, Brighton is only one hour away from London, 30 minutes away from London's Gatwick Airport and 90 minutes away from London's Heathrow Airport.

Being close to London and within easy reach of international transport, Brighton attracts visitors and students to a growing international population. The city is famously accepting of new people and different ways of living. Its progressive attitudes mean it has led the way in arts, creative technology, modern notions of sexuality and gender, as well as environmental and sustainable education and policy.

There are opportunities to build on your studies by getting involved in city as well as university life. We have campuses in the heart of Brighton, close to the seafront and on the outskirts near the South Downs National Park, all in a city that is in the top 10 most visited towns in the UK by overseas visitors.

Is Brighton a diverse place to study? 

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Brighton is one of the  liveliest and most diverse places in the UK  to live and study.

According to Brighton and Hove Council,16 per cent of our population is born outside the UK. With a mix of cultures, nationalities and religions, you’ll soon feel at home here no matter what country or background you’re from.

It is an authentic student city, too. Around 500 PhD students study at the University of Brighton and a quarter are international students. The diversity of students has always been evident at the Summer Graduation Ceremonies with 83 countries recently represented among our 3,000 graduates from all levels. 

Inclusivity is one of our four core values at the University alongside sustainability, creativity, and partnership. 

The University of Brighton is committed to providing a fair environment that embodies and promotes equality of opportunity. We value the different contributions and experiences of all who make up our community, promoting mutual respect and understanding as well as freedom of thought and expression.

For more information visit our university page on  Equality, diversity and inclusion .

What type of university is the University of Brighton?

The University of Brighton is a modern, forward-thinking university.

Our identity hinges on our belief in developing knowledge and sharing it in places where it can make a difference to other people’s lives.

Our oldest departments trace their history over 160 years, while we embrace the modern and progressive values of a contemporary and rapidly changing world. 

We foster world-leading research across traditional and more recently-established disciplines that include: health and medicine, computer science, engineering, geography and environmental studies, business and management studies, social studies, education, sport and exercise sciences, art, design and architecture, cultural and media studies. 

Ninety-eight per cent of our research was rated as world-leading, internationally excellent or internationally recognised in the most recent national research assessment (Research Excellence Framework, REF2021). 

The university's campuses are all convenient for the city. Outside of your studies, Brighton offers festivals, galleries, museums, street art, nightlife, sports facilities, and a huge range of independent shops, cafés and entertainment venues. 

Is PhD in UK better than US?

Research in any English language environment gives you an opportunity for maximum outreach and impact from your work.

There are some differences between the PhD offers from the different English-language-speaking countries. Each of them do however provide support for students’ research towards new knowledge and the production and defence of a thesis detailing the research.

Some special features of a doctorate in the UK:

• There are very few, if any, taught course elements in most UK PhD degrees
• Typically, the doctorate in the UK can be completed in three years as a full-time student
• In the UK, the student is a researcher right from the start and dedicates most of their time to their own research work and written thesis.

In the UK, doctoral students are usually supported by two or three expert supervisors from the start of their programme. Wider support is developed through PhD discussion groups and research communities.

Whichever option you choose, research in an English language environment will give you the fluent writing and spoken English skills that will take you a long way in your research career. 

How will I learn at doctorate level? What teaching, supervision and academic support will I get?

All our postgraduate research students are part of a dynamic, enthusiastic, and creative research community. From research plan to viva, our workshops and specialist staff guide doctoral students through the major milestones of their PhD.

You will have the support of two or three supervisors at the University of Brighton, who will help you to pursue your research passion. Our doctoral training programme and vibrant research environment will nurture and liberate your talent. 

If you need support with your academic English language , we offer developmental courses and one-to-one tutorials specifically for students at doctoral level. 

The teaching, learning environment and educational outcomes we provide for our students consistently exceed rigorous national requirements for all UK higher education providers.

To meet fellow students and the wider PhD community there are plenty of events organised by the university, the Doctoral College, your school and the research centres you belong to.

For further information on supervision and support,  see our general FAQ page .

How will I build a relationship with my supervisor?  This film was made by the University of Brighton for UKRI and features University of Brighton students and academics as well as those from other partner universities.

FAQs: PhD entry, funding, visas and language requirements  

What are the entry requirements for a PhD in the UK?

The application process requires documentation that demonstrates the suitability of you and your topic of study for a timely completion of the PhD programme.

These will include references and a research proposal as well as evidence of eligibility to study in the form of language level and relevant visa.

Find out more on our application pages

Is it possible to do a PhD after bachelor's degree in the UK?

The University of Brighton will consider applications from those without masters degrees but would normally expect an undergraduate degree with evidence of suitably high performance. A master's degree is considered stronger evidence that you are able to study at higher levels and that you have a strong theoretical background in your subject.

What are the English language requirements to study for a doctorate in the UK?

For subjects in medicine and laboratory sciences, including engineering, requirements are usually an IELTS score 6.5 overall, no component below 6.0.

For subjects with an extensive text-based research and writing element, a 7.0 overall, 7.0 for writing, with no component below 6.5 is required.

These are the overall requirements at the University of Brighton. Where there are any differences, the requirements for your area of research will be found on the relevant PhD Programme Page .

Will I need a visa to study for PhD in the UK?

How do I apply for a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS) number?

Once you have been made an unconditional offer, you will be able to complete a visa questionnaire. Our visa compliance team will review your eligibility and issue a CAS number, as appropriate. More information is available on the university's general  international pages .

Will I need to pay a deposit to progress with visa application?

If you are self-funded, we cannot issue you with a CAS until you have paid your tuition fee deposit. We would advise that you pay this as soon as possible so that you are able to make your visa application in plenty of time. More information about the tuition fee deposit and how to pay the deposit is available on our  confirmation of acceptance for studies page .

If you are a funded student, you will need to provide proof of your sponsorship before the tuition fee deposit can be waived.

See more information on  visa applications

Will I need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) number for PhD study?

Depending on which country you are from, you may need to obtain an ATAS certificate every time you make a Student Visa application, if you are studying or going to study one of the following research degree programmes:

Pharmacy; Biomedical Sciences; Healthcare Professions; Physiotherapy; Occupational Therapy; Engineering; Environment; Civil Engineering: Built Environment; Computing; Mathematical and Information Sciences; or Information Technology.

PhD students should apply through the student route, not the researcher route.

Where an ATAS statement is required, the process of how to apply for this will be provided in your offer letter, so do read your offer letter carefully.

For details about the scheme and how to apply for your ATAS certificate, visit the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) information about ATAS.

Can I work in the UK during and after my PhD?

There are opportunities to undertake work in the UK while studying.

However, the full-time course and the nature of PhD study does not easily allow for work hours and this should not be seen as a means to fund your studies.

Teaching at the university, while possible, is not guaranteed and opportunities to teach would have to be discussed with your supervisor and relevant school leaders while undertaking the course. 

Working in the UK on a Student Visa as a PhD research student

It is likely that you will be able to work in the UK based on your Student Visa, although some types of employment are prohibited.

Where you are on a Student Visa, your eligibility to work will be outlined on your visa vignette or BRP card, and in your visa decision letter.

During your full-time PhD programme at the University of Brighton, you can work up to 20 hours per week in paid employment.

Working in the UK after graduation with a PhD research degree

• You can work unlimited hours once you have submitted your final thesis after corrections, but not in a permanent role.
• You are likely to be eligible for a  Graduate Visa  on completion of your studies and can work for a further three years.

How much does a doctorate cost in the UK for international students?

Tuition fees and other costs..

The tuition fees for each discipline are located on our  Programme pages .

It is important to recognise possible costs beyond the tuition fees. Research can involve costs for, for example, travel to conference venues, archives or libraries; copyrighted imagery payments and so on. Fees are also likely to incur a small inflation rise each year of a research programme.

You will also need to fund normal living costs in the UK during your studies. 

Is there funding for PhD in the UK?

There are many opportunities for partial and complete funding of PhD studies in the UK, with funders offering stipends for living costs as well as tuition fees. There are also opportunities for ongoing funds to help aspects of a project such as travel for conference or library access.

Find out more advice on funding as well as our latest offers from the University of Brighton.

How do I apply for a PhD in the UK?

To apply for a PhD, you will need to provide a research proposal along with academic references and documentation to show that you are eligible for study in the UK.

We recommend you do this with the assistance and cooperation of a possible supervisor. When ready, your documents must be submitted through the application portal available from our  Programme pages . 

For full information on the application process, see our  Apply for your PhD page . 

Who can be my PhD referees?

You will need to ask two people to provide references for you. They should be able to detail your fitness for academic study and research. At least one of your referees should be from your most recent period of study.

You can provide your referees’ contact details as part of the application process and we will contact them on your behalf. Alternatively, you can approach your referees directly to provide a reference. All references should have been written within the last 12 months and need to be signed, dated and stamped with the organisation's stamp. 

Can I study part time for PhD in the UK?

Can you study for a phd part-time as an international student.

The University of Brighton does  not  normally consider visa sponsorship for international students to undertake study wholly on a part-time basis.

However, where there are significant personal or other extenuating circumstances, visa sponsorship of postgraduate students wholly on a part-time basis will be considered on a case-by-case basis.

Please  contact the Doctoral College  for further information.

Can you do a PhD by distance learning UK?

We do not offer enrolment specifically as a distance learning student and, usually, international students are expected to live within a commutable distance from the university. This brings a fuller experience with better chances of success.

However , if you’re a promising PhD candidate with home commitments and employment and would struggle to attend university full time in the UK for the whole period of study, we may be able to register you for a PhD and agree a mode of attendance. 

If you would like more information on studying for a PhD without fully relocating to the UK, please contact the  Doctoral College  for further guidance before applying.

I speak English / have studied in the UK: Do I still need to provide IELTS for PhD?

If you are from the UK, have studied in the UK within the last three years, or are from one of the countries approved by the  UK Visa and Immigration Authority  (UKVI), you may not need to provide results of a Secure English Language Test (SELT).

If your UK study was more than three years ago, or you are not from one of the UKVI listed countries, you will be required to provide further evidence of your English Language in the form of one of the  accepted English tests for research study .

If you already have a SELT certificate, like IELTS for UKVI, please note that this is valid for two years from the test date. The results must be valid on your course start date.

What support do you offer students who are moving to the UK?

We know that moving to a new country can be daunting. That's why we offer our international students lots of support and advice, to help you settle in, gain new academic skills and get the most out of your time here.

Detailed help and guidance is available on our  preparing for university page  for students at all levels.

Accommodation for PhD students

The university has an accommodation service who can help you find somewhere to live. Once you have accepted your offer with us, we advise you to contact the accommodation service who will be happy to help you. You can contact them via  [email protected]

More information about living in Brighton and the surrounding areas can be found on the university's general  accommodation and location pages

Registering with a doctor

We recommend that you register with a university doctor or local doctor as soon as possible when you arrive at university.

If you are not registered with a local doctor, you will have difficulty getting an appointment, and crucial time could be wasted in an emergency.

For more information, visit our  register with a doctor page

Can my family move to the UK with me as a PhD student?

Yes, they can. For those studying for a PhD or other doctorate (RQF level 8) or a research-based higher degree, you are entitled to bring dependents with you to the UK.

Further information can be found on  relevant government websites for student visas pertaining to families and children .

Find your PhD research discipline and apply

Find your disciplinary home through our search or A–Z listings. Our disciplinary programme areas will help you find a supervisor and focus your application.

PhD funding opportunities and studentships

Find out more about the funding available for postgraduate research/PhD doctoral study at the University of Brighton.

How to apply for your PhD

Details of our application process and frequently asked questions (FAQs) on the PhD journey.

How to apply for a PhD in the UK

Applying for a phd is not quite as daunting as you might think. a postgraduate student recruitment officer from the university of sussex shares his tips for putting together a phd application.

Ben Osborne

There are many different reasons for wanting to pursue a PhD – to move into an academic role at a university, to continue studying a subject you are passionate about or to further your career. 

Whatever your motivation, many students are now choosing to pursue a PhD abroad. This guide will help you understand how to apply for a PhD at a UK university and answer any questions you might have around doing PhDs.

How to apply for a PhD

Application rules and methods vary for each university. The number of courses that you can apply for in a year will vary. For example, at the University of Sussex , you can apply for up to three postgraduate courses per year using the postgraduate application system.

If you are applying for more than one degree, you must submit a research proposal/statement specific to each area of study you apply for.

You can also apply to different universities to improve your chances of being accepted to a PhD course of your choosing. 

What qualifications do I need?

Each PhD will have specific entry requirements and you will also need to meet a university’s general entry requirements.  This may be an upper second-class undergraduate honours degree (2:1) or an equivalent international qualification. For some PhDs you may need a master’s qualification, and you may be asked to attend an interview.

International students may also be required to prove language proficiency. This will vary across institutions so do check what level universities expect before starting your application. 

Applicants should always check the specific entry requirements in a university’s online prospectus before making an application.

When should I start applying?

This will depend on when your term start date is. Most research degrees will start in September but some courses offer additional entry points in January or May.

You can apply all year round for research degrees starting in September, January and May, and the deadlines for applying are usually one month before the course start date for UK applicants, and three months before for international applicants.

If you’re applying for funding from an external organisation you’ll need to be aware that they may have different deadlines for the funding application. So give yourself plenty of time to research your funding options, and ensure you know how long the application process takes. 

Many universities offer a number of funded PhD opportunities and PhD scholarships for UK and international students, and it’s always worth investigating funding routes such as research councils and other organisations, both in the UK and overseas.

In some cases, it may be possible to study a PhD by distance which means you’ll be able to learn online and have virtual meetings with your supervisor.

If this is something you would be interested in doing you should check before applying whether your university can accommodate this option. 

Nine things to know before doing a PhD Starting a PhD during the pandemic Studying for a part-time PhD: the challenges and the benefits Is it possible to do a three-year PhD as an international student?

How should I look for a supervisor?

Usually if you are applying for a funded project, or to a research centre or group, you will normally be asked to provide a statement explaining your suitability for working in that area, and if successful you will be allocated a supervisor.

If you wish to propose your own area of research, you need to decide on a research topic, and you will be expected to write a research proposal. In some cases you may only be required to provide a summary of academic interests and this can be used to match you to a researcher that suits you.

If you are proposing your own research topic, there may be a research database at your university that you can search, or your university will match you with a supervisor during the assessment of your application. It may be possible to request supervision by a particular member of faculty – this will be considered but not all requests can be accommodated.

If you do find a potential supervisor who matches your research area, check their online profile for indications of their doctoral supervision capacity. If they are open to doctoral applications, you can contact them directly to check their availability for supervising you.

It is a good idea to draw up a shortlist of two to three potential supervisors, and take an in-depth look into their research history. You can also find out more about your potential supervisors by looking in the reference sections of academic textbooks and searching for articles in research databases and academic blogs.

When you contact your potential supervisor, it is important to tell them something interesting about yourself, and explain your research interests and how you feel your research proposal matches their expertise.

How do I write a research proposal?

If you are proposing your own research you will need to write a strong proposal that formulates a precise, interesting research question, and establishes the relevance and value of the proposed research question in the context of current academic thinking.

You’ll need to make sure your proposal describes the data or source material your research requires, and outlines a clear and practical methodology that enables you to answer the research question and that states clearly what you hope to discover at the end of your research, and what new areas it might open up.

The precise content and structure of your research proposal will depend on your subject area, and the University of Sussex has some helpful resources on our website to guide you through the process.

How long does the application process take?

Completing an application and writing a research proposal may take some time and should not be left until just before the application deadline.

It’s not easy to give a definite idea of how long it takes to hear if your application has been successful, as it will depend on when the application is made and the nature of the specific PhD, and you would need to meet any conditions contained within the offer before you can start the PhD.

What are the associated costs?

There won’t typically be an application fee for PhDs but there are tuition fees. If a university does charge application fees they will usually be between £50-£100.

The tuition fees for students studying in the UK are set by UK Research and Innovation . Fees for international students are £18,975 for non-lab-based subjects, and £22,975 for lab-based subjects per year.

You’ll also need to factor in living costs, but there are a number of funding routes you can apply for to help with this. As well as PhD scholarships and funded research projects there are research council awards, PhD loans for those eligible, and various organisations to which international students can apply for funding, such as The Gen Foundation and Open Society Foundations.

It’s important to be aware of the costs involved, but it’s also worth remembering that the educational, career and personal benefits of PhD study can be worth it.

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PhD studentships

If you're looking to get PhD funding for a specific research project or field of study, Doctoral studentships can provide you with either a partially or fully-funded PhD

Who awards PhD studentships?

PhD studentships are most commonly awarded by the UK's seven Research Councils in the form of Research Council grants , with research funding overseen by UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) .

Individual UK universities also offer scholarships and bursaries to PhD students, while many professional bodies fund Doctoral research in collaboration with these academic institutions.

For instance, research awards are offered by the following engineering organisations:

• Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) - QUEST scholarships
• Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE)
• The Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)

Additionally, Cooperative Awards in Science and Engineering (CASE) can be part-funded by any non-academic body. These four-year PhDs require the student to work at the organisation for at least three months.

You can also apply for funded PhD opportunities through many charities, foundations and trusts, including:

• Action Medical Research
• Alzheimer's Society
• British Federation of Women Graduates (BFWG)
• British Heart Foundation (BHF)
• Cancer Research UK
• Diabetes UK
• Rosetrees Trust - PhD Plus
• The Leverhulme Trust
• Wellcome Trust

Before you start applying for a funded PhD, it's always a good idea to discuss this with a prospective supervisor first, as they're often able to provide tips on maximising the likelihood of receiving financial support.

How much can I receive?

Many PhD studentships, including those offered by universities, professional bodies, or charities, foundations and trusts, provide three years' funding paid at a similar rate to the Research Council grant:

• Fees-only studentship - These cover a student's tuition fees, plus any associated project and training costs (a minimum of £4,786 per year).
• Full studentship - These add a non-repayable, tax-free maintenance grant known as a 'stipend'. In 2024/25, this is worth a minimum of £19,237 and it can be used towards living costs - see UKRI - Find studentships and Doctoral training .

For example, a University of Manchester School of Social Sciences PhD studentship includes tuition fees for three-and-a-half years and a maintenance grant of £16,062 (2022/23 rate) per year for living expenses, plus associated research costs - such as fieldwork and attending conferences - from the Research Training Support Grant.

However, you should be aware that some PhD studentship recipients are required to teach undergraduates. While this provides an excellent opportunity to gain vital employability skills, it can also be hugely time-consuming. You must be satisfied that tutoring won't negatively affect the quality of your research before accepting your place.

Is my programme eligible for a PhD studentship?

PhD studentships can start at any time of the year, but most begin in September, October or January.

Certain types of PhD, for example professional Doctorates, may not be eligible for a PhD studentship. The same applies to part-time or distance learning options.

Am I eligible?

PhD studentships typically demand that applicants have a Bachelors degree at 2:1 or above, plus a relevant Masters degree or professional experience at that level of study.

Those who already possess a PhD are often ineligible, while some PhD studentships are limited to students fitting certain criteria - for example, those from a disadvantaged background, from a certain country or of a certain ethnicity.

If you're a European Union (EU) national, you'll need to have settled or pre-settled status under the government's EU Settlement Scheme to be eligible for student finance in this country - and this includes PhD studentships.

How do I apply for a PhD studentship?

The application process can be lengthy, and competition is fierce.

Some PhD students will be automatically considered for financial support once they've been accepted by an institution, but many are required to make separate PhD funding applications. These are usually made directly to the university - even for those studentships from Research Councils, professional bodies, or charities, foundations and trusts.

You'll typically be asked for your PhD application form, a research proposal , a cover letter and your references. After the institution has reviewed your application, you may be invited to interview.

Throughout this process, the university will scrutinise what you'll bring to the institution. Applicants at Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), for example, are judged on:

• the quality of their research project and how it connects with research currently being undertaken at the institution
• how appropriate the supervisory team is
• their calibre, academic qualifications and academic/research experience
• whether the research can contribute towards the Research Excellence Framework (REF), meaning that interdisciplinary research will be preferred.

How do I increase my chances of getting a PhD studentship?

You can improve your chances of success by:

• asking a friend or family member to proofread your application
• carefully choosing your referees, ensuring that they'll speak positively of you
• discussing your draft application with a relevant academic
• explaining how your work will be unique and innovative
• following the funding body's guidance regarding word counts and formatting.

What other PhD funding is available?

If you're unsuccessful with your PhD studentship application, you could consider:

• crowdfunding
• employer sponsorship
• PhD loans .

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10 PhD scholarships in the UK for international students 2022

With a strong research culture on top of encouraging interdisciplinary research, the UK is a great choice if one wants to pursue a PhD scholarship in an exciting and stimulating environment with many research links. The UK is one of the most popular destinations for many international students with many top-ranked and world-class universities and a welcoming culture as well.

Being a research powerhouse means more access to cutting-edge research facilities, which can go a long way in conducting research during your PhD studies. The UK, however, as a developed Western country, has higher living costs, with some major cities and programmes bearing notoriously expensive price tags.

This can be a heavy burden for international students seeking a UK PhD degree. Fortunately, the UK has a great list of university PhD scholarships that may help you realise your dream.

The UK is a research powerhouse. Source: Christine Bird/Shutterstock.

Leeds University Business School: International Business Department Scholarship

The International Business Department of the Leeds University Business School is offering up to two PhD scholarships for international applicants; the deadline is Apr. 1, 2022. One of the world’s leading units for international business and among a handful of triple-accredited business schools in the world, this department is well-known for their exceptional research and teaching.

The award is for three years; the last two years are renewable subject to academic performance. The successful recipient will get a maintenance grant worth 15,609 pounds (standard UKRI rate for Session 2021/22).

University of Cambridge: Harding Distinguished Postgraduate Scholars Programme

Awarded to a select group of 25 brilliant University of Cambridge PhD students of all disciplines and nationalities, this programme aims to produce graduates who can make a tangible difference to the academic community with their excellent research. The majority will be affiliated with St Catharine’s College; the rest will be distributed among the other colleges. 

Depending on your chosen department, the last deadline is Jan. 6, 2022. The PhD scholarship winners will receive a generous package including the University Composition Fee and a 6,000 pounds personal allowance throughout their studies, an annual stipend of 18,000 pounds and student visa costs.

SOAS University of London CHASE

SOAS University of London is among the world’s top 50 for Arts and Humanities (QS rankings 2021) and is a top 20 UK institution for these same subjects (THE rankings). As part of the Consortium of the Humanities and the Arts South-East England (CHASE) funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council, this Doctoral Training Partnership offers up to 56 Arts and Humanities studentships; a limited number is available for international applicants. 

You should first apply to SOAS by Jan. 10, 2022 so that you can work with your proposed supervisor(s) on the CHASE application to submit by Jan. 28, 2022. You can expect to receive a training grant and a stipend as well.

Aston University College of Business and Social Sciences

As a multidisciplinary college in Aston University, Birmingham, the College of Business and Social Sciences is home to researchers from Aston Business School, Aston Law School and the School of Social Sciences and Humanities. Up to six fully-funded PhD studentships are available for application to any of these schools’ programmes – the deadline is Feb. 28, 2022.

You will get full tuition coverage at the international rate plus an annual maintenance grant of 15,840 pounds (2022-23 rate) throughout your three years. You should have obtained a merit for your master’s dissertation besides a first class or second upper class honours degree.

University of St Andrews: Doctoral Scholarship in Biology and Statistics

St Leonard’s Postgraduate College at the University of St Andrews is offering a doctoral scholarship to a suitably qualified student to take up research on developing novel methods for estimating the abundance of breeding grey seals. You will have three co-supervisors, and can choose to matriculate in either Biology or Statistics.

The PhD scholarship covers full tuition fees for up to three and a half years on top of an annual maintenance stipend (the 2021-22 annual rate is 15,609 pounds). You will have access to the free GRADskills training programme as well. 

University of Liverpool: Accounting and Finance Subject Group

This PhD scholarship takes on a slightly different form as a  Graduate Teaching Fellowship (GTF) – the deadline is Jan. 7, 2022. If you have a first or upper second class honours degree plus a distinction for your master’s degree besides being committed to research, this GTF allows you to collect teaching experience together with your PhD studies.

Under the Accounting and Finance Subject Group, you will have the opportunity to complete a teacher training programme offered by the University of Liverpool . A living stipend of 15,609 pounds plus a fee waiver will be awarded to exceptional applicants.

Swansea University: the UKRI CDT in Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Advanced Computing

At Swansea University , you can apply for the four-year fully funded opportunity to research upon these broad areas of particle physics and astronomy, biological and health, and mathematical and computer sciences. You will be trained in artificial intelligence, high-performance computing and high-performance data analytics.

After training in the first year, you will have several short-term work placements in the second and third years. Besides full tuition fees, you will enjoy a stipend of  15,921 poundsand other allowances; the closing date is Feb. 11, 2022.

University of Exeter – PhD Scholarship

The University of Exeter’s generous funding scheme consists of two funding parts funding – one Research Masters in Economics and then a PhD programme in either Finance or Economics – both at the Business School; you have to apply by Jan. 21, 2022. As part of the scholarship, students have to work as teaching or research assistants for about 180 hours (23 days) a year, which can help enhance your research and education skills.

The funding includes a combined stipend and teaching allowance for 180 hours of 19,000 poundsper year. Students can also apply for additional funding for research, development and conference travel expenses. 

Imperial College London: Chemical Engineering PhD Scholarship

One of the best universities in the UK, Imperial College London has up to 10 fully-funded Chemical Engineering PhD scholarships via the Chemical Engineering Department . You should have a First Class Honours Degree at master’s level in chemical engineering or a related engineering/science field. This scholarship is tenable for 42 months, covering both tuition fees and 21,400 pounds for maintenance.

You should apply by Jan. 31, 2022. If you are successful, you would be asked to select two projects; depending on your supervisor’s agreement, you can be given either your first choice or second one.  

Oxford University – Clarendon Scholarship

The Clarendon Scholarship is one of the most famous PhD scholarships. You do not need to submit a separate application form for this scholarship; when you apply for a Oxford University PhD programme, you automatically qualify to apply for the Clarendon Scholarship.

Your preferred programme at Oxford may have different deadlines but generally, January is the last application deadline to be eligible for this scholarship. This particular PhD scholarship covers full tuition fees and a living stipend of 15,609 pounds (2021-22 rate).

All in all, if you have been planning to pursue your PhD studies in the UK but are short on funds, these scholarships are great choices, and will definitely help you achieve your dream!

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How does the uk university grading system work.

Whether you’re already studying or are about to, it is important to understand how the UK university grading system works.

When it comes to studying an undergraduate or postgraduate degree in the UK, grading systems vary. Whether you’re about to start your degree, or you are close to the third year of your course, it’s important to understand how your final grade will be calculated. Luckily, it’s easy to understand.

University grading: degree classifications explained

Universities in the UK follow a standard grading system for degree classifications based on the overall percentage achieved. The four university grade boundaries are:

• First-Class Honours (1st) (70% and above): Exceptional academic performance
• Upper Second-Class Honours (2:1) (60-70%): Strong performance, most common degree class
• Lower Second-Class Honours (2:2) (50-60%): Satisfactory performance, widely accepted by employers
• Third-Class Honours (3rd) (40-50%): Minimum passing grade for an honours degree

What is the postgraduate grading system in the UK?

The British postgraduate grading system differs quite a bit from the undergraduate one. Depending on whether you are undergoing an Integrated Masters Degree or a Standalone Masters Degree the grading system will differ. Like undergraduate, Masters Degrees are graded by creating a weighted average, combining all your module results from the year(s).

An integrated masters is one which follows directly from an undergraduate course. Common in Science degrees, where you apply for a four year course. In your second year you will be able to choose to either complete a Bsc (Bachelor of Science) or follow the path to achieve an MChem (Masters in Chemistry) etc. Integrated Masters degrees are graded the same as undergraduate degrees.

Standalone Masters include Masters Degrees by Research and Taught Masters Degrees. Masters degrees by research commonly referred to as MRes or MPhil are focused more on individual research skills with less taught modules. These degrees are usually graded as a pass or a fail.

Taught Masters degrees require a total of 180 credits. These credits are split between assignments, assessments and a dissertation or final project. Each module will have a certain amount of credits attached. For example, you may have single modules weighted at 15 credits, double modules (that span over two semesters) at 30 credits and a dissertation weighted at 60 credits. As taught, Masters Degrees are typically only a year long, every module counts to your final grade.

Instead of a First, Upper Second, Lower Second and Third, there are only three grade classifications for a Masters Degree. These are Distinction, Merit and Pass. The boundaries for these may vary depending on your university, however the common boundaries are shown below.

• Distinction: much like a First at undergraduate level, a Distinction is awarded when you achieve a percentage grade of 70% and above.
• Merit: you’ll be awarded a Merit if you achieve a grade average between 60-69%.
• Pass: a pass is awarded when you receive a grade average between 50-59%.
• Fail: If you do not receive at the minimum an average of 50%, the Masters qualification is not awarded. If you do think you are heading towards failing, try not to stress. You can speak with your module leaders about retaking any assignments or examinations to bump up your grade.

What can I do if I think I am going to fail my degree?

If you feel as if you are heading towards failing your undergraduate or postgraduate degree try not to panic. Easier said than done but you do have plenty of options.

As an undergraduate, you have three or four years to make up the credits you need to pass your course. Therefore, you are able to retake any modules you have failed in other years. For example, if you fail a Film module in first year, you can retake this module in your second year. If you fail numerous modules you are able to retake the entire year.

Another option is to retake any failed assignments or examinations throughout the year. This is easily done through referral or deferral assessments. Referral assessments are like resits, whilst deferrals allow students to postpone any assessments or extend any coursework deadlines. To qualify for a deferral you will need to prove that your performance has been affected by a personal circumstance (e.g. medical condition). To be granted a deferral you will need to fill out an application. Referrals and deferrals can be implemented at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels.

Finally, if you feel as if your grade is an unfair reflection on your work you can submit an appeal. If you do this, your mark will be re-marked or looked back over by an examination board or your lecturers. Simply speak with your lecturers if this is something you would like to do.

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Each essay and dissertation is read by two senior members or associates of the Department, neither of whom will have supervised the work being marked. Both will submit independent reports.

The essays together account for 50% of the overall mark: Essay 1 is 40% of the essay mark and Essay 2 is 60% (i.e. 20% and 30% of the overall mark). The dissertation accounts for the remaining 50% of the overall mark.

When marking coursework, assessors will be asking:

• What is the main achievement of this work? Is there an original contribution? If so, what is it?
• Does the candidate show a good understanding of relevant material? Is the content of the work informative and insightful?
• Does the candidate advance effective arguments contributing towards well-articulated conclusions?
• Has the candidate used a sufficient number and range of appropriate sources? Are they effectively used and properly credited and cited?
• Does the work have a clear and effective structure? Is the writing clear, grammatical, and free of typographical and other errors? Is the style of the references and footnotes clear and consistent?

The essays must cover a range of topics and, taken together, must show evidence of a broad knowledge of history, philosophy and sociology of science, technology and medicine. They are not required to present original research to pass.

In order to pass, the dissertation must be clearly written, take account of previously published work on the subject, and represent a contribution to learning. It must show evidence of independent research.

In Cambridge, higher degrees are not formally classified. The MPhil is publicly classed only in pass/fail terms. No marks are made publicly available. The minimum pass level for the examination is the equivalent of Class II.I in Part II of a Tripos, extrapolated for one year of postgraduate study. On the basis of the mark scheme adopted by the Natural Sciences Tripos, the HPS Degree Committee has determined the following mark scheme for the MPhil in History and Philosophy of Science and Medicine:

Candidates are required to pass in each part of the examination separately (i.e. the essays and the dissertation), except in the following special circumstances:

• A candidate whose failure in the essays is marginal should be allowed to submit a dissertation, and a high performance in the dissertation may be taken into account by the Degree Committee. Students whose overall essay mark is a marginal fail will be warned by the MPhil Manager in May.
• Where a candidate's failure in the dissertation is marginal , a high performance in the essays may be taken into consideration by the Degree Committee.

At the end of the course, examiners may decide to hold an oral examination. Such an examination will in any case be necessary if the dissertation is judged to be a marginal failure or if there is a very marked discrepancy between the two examiners' independent reports on the dissertation.

The Jennifer Redhead Prize , which was endowed by Professor Michael Redhead when he retired as Head of the Department, is awarded each year to the MPhil student who has the best overall performance in the MPhil essays.

The Rausing Prize , endowed by the Rausing family, is awarded annually to the MPhil student who writes the best dissertation.

Student prizes

You will be able to obtain informal verbal feedback on your MPhil performance from the MPhil Manager after the Degree Committee meeting on Monday 24 June. Please note that at this stage the MPhil Manager is allowed only to indicate the grade of the performance (i.e. pass, high performance, distinction, first class distinction), not the marks or assessors' comments. Transcripts and copies of the assessors' reports will be available after your marks have been formally ratified by the Student Registry.

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Is PhD for me

What are the requirements for PhD in UK? A guide

Here are the minimum requirements you need to provide while applying for a PhD in the UK as an international PhD student

• A 2:1 grade or an equivalent grade in your previous degree. Most likely the Master’s degree as well as your undergraduate diploma.
• A minimum of 7 Band score on IELTS or equivalent on other tests.
• Some research understanding.
• A persuasive research proposal.

However, I found that these minimum requirements are just a benchmark, considering the competition in the UK and you as an international PhD student you may need to stand out from the crowd on many of these attributes of your application.

• What are the requirements for a PhD in UK for international students?

Table of Contents

1. what qualifications do you need for a phd in the uk, 2. what are the minimum english language requirements for a phd in the uk, 3. how important is a phd research proposal in the uk phd application, 4. what is the role of a personal statement in uk phd application, 5. what role do references play in my phd admission to the uk, 6. what is the importance of a phd interview in the uk, 7. how much research experience is needed for a phd in the uk, 8. how do you write a cv for phd in the uk, 9. why are phd applications rejected in the uk, faqs: what are the requirements for phd in the uk.

Yes, you can apply to an integrated PhD program in the UK with only a bachelor’s degree. However, considering the competition and high expectations of PhD programs. If you are an international student you most likely need a master’s or a master’s by research to get into a PhD in the UK.

The qualifications for a PhD might differ depending on what kind of PhD you are applying for

• PhD by thesis. A PhD with funding attached for 3 years requires you to produce an original thesis under the supervision of a supervisor. This type of PhD is most common in the UK.
• Integrated PhD. Recently, more and more universities are offering this type of PhD under the funding of UKRI (UK research and innovation) to offer an integrated PhD. This type of PhD is offered as a standard 4 years expected graduation format with a master by research at the start.

a) Do You Need A Masters To Get A PhD UK?

Yes, you need a master’s with a research component to secure a PhD position in the UK. A regular PhD with 3-4 years of funding limit requires your familiarity with the research in your subject area.

A master’s in a relevant field with a research-heavy focus can help you stand out in competitive PhD hiring in the UK . On the other hand, if you are applying for an integrated Master + PhD program you can apply with a bachelor’s only.

b) What is an integrated PhD program in the UK?

An integrated PhD program accepts PhD applicants with only undergraduate degrees. It usually requires you to complete a one-year master’s by research before PhD training. 

If you show your potential in that year or training period with higher grades and superior research abilities then you are promoted to the PhD by thesis part of the program.

A master’s by research period may or may not be funded. However, it is a good option if you want to test the waters that a PhD and a research path are really what you want for your career.

c) What if I have different qualifications?

If you have other qualifications such as Postgraduate diplomas (PGDip) and certificates (PGCert) or any other postgraduate qualification which may not have a research training component then you may need to apply for a research master’s or an integrated PhD program. 

The reason is UK PhD supervisors are really in for anybody who has some research training and experience. This makes their work easier because, in contrast to the US, you are expected to start working on your PhD project right from the first day.

d) What if I have a Master’s with a research component but in a different field?

If you already have a master’s by research or an MS/ MPhil degree. This may mean you are already familiar with research work. There are two possibilities from here

• Relevant Master. If your Master’s by research subject area is related to your prospective PhD subject area. This means you are much more likely to get accepted into a PhD program in the UK based on your current master’s qualification.
• A master’s is not very relevant. If your Master’s is not much relevant to the intended PhD subject area then you may need to discuss this with your prospective PhD supervisor. This is because the situation may vary on a case-by-case basis. Usually in such a case you are advised to pursue other relevant masters in the intended subject area.

e) What Master’s grades are good enough for a PhD in the UK?

The minimum requirements for a UK PhD by thesis (3-year PhD) vary depending on your intended university and the country where you achieved your most recent qualification. 

The reasons behind these differences are different grading schemes and degree requirements in different countries. However, as a general mark, your grades in masters should be higher than distinction: A final grade of 70% or higher.

Here you can get a general idea about country-specific information on Master / postgraduate grades required for a UK PhD by thesis program.

f) What undergraduate grades are good enough for a PhD in the UK?

The minimum requirements for an integrated UK PhD program (1 yr of research master + 3 yrs of PhD research) may vary from one university to another. However, as a general mark, your undergraduate degree (or first degree outside of the UK ) should provide higher scores than a UK upper second-class (2:1), higher than 70% marks, or a GPA of 3.5 on a scale of 4.

Recommended Read: This detailed guide on international degree equivalences by Royal Holloway, University of London is the best if you really want to know what your GPA is equivalent to and how top universities in the UK will likely perceive your grades.

g) W ill a good master’s degree GPA compensate for a bad undergraduate GPA?

A first-class master’s CGPA can overcome an average undergraduate CGPA. This is because PhD hiring committees always prefer your master’s performance over previous education. The reasons for giving more weightage to master’s grades are obvious. 

• Master’s taught courses are much similar to what is needed for a PhD.
• A master by research had already evaluated your research skills and understanding.
• You already worked under a thesis supervisor while doing a Master’s thesis.

When it comes to previous academic performance around 29% of UK PhD supervisors mentioned the importance of a relevant Master’s, while one-fifth (20%) of them also indicated that they value the relevance and grades of an undergraduate degree.

h) Do only grades and GPA matter for a PhD in the UK?

Don’t worry if you have lower grades than demanded by the university program. You won’t be rejected from a PhD in the UK on the basis of a single criterion. In fact, there are several things top UK universities look forward to in your PhD application .

There are many cases where a lower GPA applicant is accepted into a PhD position in the UK due to many other outstanding characteristics such as research ability and experience.

There can also be significant complexity and variability within any national system of higher education which can affect how a particular grade is considered, e.g. differences in grading between institutions. General guidance on international qualifications -University of Oxford

Recommended Read: When are you too old for a PhD?

i) How can I increase my chances of a PhD acceptance even with lower grades?

If you have lower grades in your previous qualifications and you still think the PhD is really crucial for your career goals you can increase your chances of getting accepted by shining in other areas of your PhD application. These areas can be

• Convincing the professors. Professors are humans too you can convince a professor by assuring him that your mission in research matches hers.
• Drafting a Unique research proposal. Uniqueness in a research proposal can be easily created by combining the exploration in two fields. This makes your PhD proposal interdisciplinary and more attractive to the researchers who are interested in such an area.
• Providing research experience or worthy Publications. Nothing can dwarf your lower GPA like the proof of good peer-reviewed publications.
• Customizing your application for every single PhD position.

Explore More: Everything (?) you need to know about the PhD application process in the UK

A PhD in an English language country means you need a strong command of English speaking and writing. If English is not your first language then you are required to give some proof of English proficiency to get into a UK PhD. Overall, you need a 7.0 in IELTS or equivalent in other tests.

There are many tests you can take to provide proof of your English. However, there can be exemptions by universities for international students who got their most recent education in English.

Do prospective PhD supervisors consider higher Language test scores while selecting the PhD candidates?

In a recent survey UK PhD supervisors explicitly reported that English language scores are not a priority for them when considering PhD applicants. Only 7% of the UK supervisors mentioned that they look at the English language scores when considering the PhD applicants.

However, you need to keep in mind that you can’t take risks when applying for a PhD in the UK. If you want to increase your chances of getting a PhD in the UK you need to provide the best scores you can. The reason is UK PhD supervisors are not independent in decision-making for hiring PhD candidates.

Universities and Doctoral training programs can have different priorities such as maintaining their institution culture. 64% of institutions reported that they are actively looking for a doctoral candidate alignment with their workplace/institution’s priorities. This might mean hiring those candidates who are proficient in English communication.

Is GRE necessary for pursuing PhD in the UK?

GRE (Graduate record examination) is a test usually required by many integrated PhD programs from top UK universities. You can use GRE to prove your competence and overcome other parts of PhD application. However, it is one factor among many that the UK PhD hiring committee looks into when hiring PhD candidates.

The most important requirement in the UK is your PhD proposal.

Your PhD proposal should communicate that

• you have a clear understanding of what independent research is in your area of study.
• you have an understanding of the research methods used in your subject area.
• you have a clear understanding of what has been done before on the problem that you are trying to solve.
• your research interest is aligned with the UK PhD supervisor and the research lab you are going to join.

What is a unique and persuasive research proposal for my PhD application?

70% of UK PhD supervisors prioritize a well-written research proposal. You should understand that developing a PhD proposal that can move the UK PhD supervisors really takes time and effort.

This is because you are required to present a research proposal that is (a) unique, (b) really has the potential to contribute to the field, (c) and should be aligned with the professor’s own research.

Explore More: 9 Obvious (and Not so Obvious) PhD Proposal Mistakes

“Originality for me probably, it has to be something that hasn’t been fully done before so there is really a need for that particular topic”. Arts & Humanities, Russell Group, West Midlands, Late career A unique and persuasive research proposal is the most common requirement for a PhD in the UK

A personal statement is a document where you can really play as a human. Here you are (a) not your scores and grades but (a) you are a person who is interested in working with a research team, (b) who is eager to learn about research, and (c) really seeks his/ her career in research, (d) is adaptable, (e) trainable, and (f) has the potential to fit and survive in a research team. Therefore, if you bring all these things into your personal statement your chances of getting accepted are really high.

In the personal statement, you have the opportunity to hook the hiring committee that besides all the numbers you have the potential to be a good colleague.

References are a tricky part. Only 13% of UK professors really prioritize the recommendation letters for a PhD application. Most UK PhD supervisors responded that they do not value reference letters much, especially in the case of international students. However, almost all the PhD positions will require you to ask your previous mentors to write some words about you.

As far as I have learned, UK PhD supervisors expect reference letters that really have examples and scenarios where you stood out and were observed by the mentors. Such writings are long and tedious, thus, it can be really hard for you to convince your previous research supervisors and professors to write about with such deliberation. The recommended length for a reference letter is around 2-3 pages.

Unlike the US, where most international PhD applicants are not usually called for an interview, UK PhD supervisors really look forward to a face-to-face conversation. The reason can be the expectations of a more mature PhD candidate on this side of the Atlantic.

UK PhD supervisors give value to a PhD interview because they are selecting their future colleague (at least for 3-4 years), they really want to know that you are genuinely interested in the research, interested in their work, and really want to contribute to the subject of study.

Although many PhD programs mention that they do not necessarily need research experience. However, given the competition for UK PhD applications, you may need to think about gaining some research experience before your PhD .

Simply put, if you are able to show some proficiency in research work in your subject area and more importantly have some peer-reviewed publications as proof for your claim then this experience can put you ahead of many PhD applicants.

Research experience really helps those whose other parts of the application are a little weaker. This may mean you can apply for a good PhD program in the UK with a less than satisfactory GPA.

So how much research experience do you need to get before applying for a PhD program in the UK. My advice is the more the better. So, get as much research experience as you can. It will really help you understand what a PhD is and how you can persuade the professors to hire you.

“If you have no research experience, how do you know you want to be a researcher? If you have no research experience, why would a world-recognized professor hire you as a research assistant? If you have no research experience to start with, how will you compete with other students graduating from your program for research-oriented jobs?” A former senior lecturer

Is professional experience required for a PhD admission in the UK?

UK PhD supervisors do not give much priority to industry experience. The reason is clear: any practical and professional work is a lot different than what is required in academic research. Thus, your pre-PhD professional experience might not help you much in impressing the UK PhD hiring committee.

There are exceptions where your professional work in the industry is highly relevant or even helpful to the research question you are posing in your research proposal. In such cases, a non-academic experience may give a positive view to your PhD application.

A carefully crafted academic CV to really put a cherry on the cake of your UK PhD Application. An outstanding academic CV includes a brief glimpse of your research interests, Research experience, publications, preferences, and any other accomplishments. It should be a quick glance showcasing your previous accomplishments and future interest.

Simply put, a concise academic CV can make life easier for an already burned-out PhD supervisor.

If you are meeting the minimum requirements mentioned by the university and you play your cards right then you have good chances to get into a PhD program. However, there are some things due to which your PhD application can still be rejected.

• Funding. DTP (Doctoral Training Programs) often force UK PhD supervisors to take less aligned students because they are coming with funding . They often mention that they rejected those students who were more aligned with their research goals but were without any funding support.
• Research Question. If your proposed PhD project was not sharply intended toward solving a specific problem or achieving a specific goal.
• Proposed Project. This happens when you submit a research project which is not a good match for the department’s research goals. Usually in this case the department may not even have a mentor in that particular area of study to take you in.
• Your Capability. If you fail to persuade the hiring committee that you have the skills required to effectively complete the PhD project then your UK application might be rejected.
• Future Goals. If you fail to assure the PhD supervisors with your previous priorities and work that you are really interested in a research career. So, you should be clear on what you are going to do after your PhD in the UK .
• Institutional Fit. Even if you are a brilliant student, still, sometimes PhD hiring committees can reject your PhD application because they may not feel that you are fit for the institution.

“.. the most fundamental misconception is that the best applicants win. The truth is that what counts as an “ideal” applicant is a moving target. The process can be unfair—even unjust. Practical considerations also play a role, starting with the reality that programs have limited funding and advising capacity. Either way, the reasons for rejection are often as much about the professors and programs as they are about the applicants.” Julie R. Posselt wrote on why stellar applicants are rejected by PhD hiring committees

Do I need a Master’s to get a PhD in the UK?

Yes, you need a Master’s if you are an international student seeking a UK PhD by thesis (duration= 3 years). However, if you are applying for an integrated PhD program (duration= Masters 1 year + PhD 3 years) then you can apply right after your undergraduate degree.

What is the minimum qualification for PhD in the UK?

To be considered for a PhD in the UK, you should at least have (a) a 4-year undergraduate degree with a passing grade of upper second-class honors (2:1), 70% marks or equivalent, and (b) a relevant master’s degree with a CGPA of 3 on a scale of 4, 60% marks or higher.

Is IELTS required for PhD in the UK?

You need to give IELTS for PhD admission in the UK if English is not your first language and you are not exempted from taking the IELTS. In other words, you can skip IELTS for a PhD in the UK if you have attempted other English language proficiency tests , English qualifications that confirm your language level, or you are coming from exempted countries .

Can you go straight into PhD without a master’s in the UK?

No, you cannot go to a PhD without a master’s in the UK. If you do not have a master’s degree yet and are applying for an integrated PhD program in UK universities you are eligible with a 4-years bachelor’s degree only.

Is it easy to get a PhD in the UK?

Getting a PhD in the UK is easy if you are coming with your own funding e.g., a scholarship from your home country. However, if you are looking for some funding opportunities in the UK then the intense competition makes getting into a UK PhD harder.

Is PhD free in the UK for international students?

Yes, a PhD in the UK is free if you are able to secure a fully funded studentship in the UK . Otherwise, you may need to pay a fee and proof to the visa and immigration services that you have the money to live in the UK during your PhD years.

What Percentage of Master’s Students Get a Distinction in the UK?

In University by Think Student Editor November 10, 2022 Leave a Comment

If you are studying an undergraduate degree or already have one under your belt, you may think about furthering your education by studying a master’s degree. Choosing whether to study a master’s degree can be a difficult decision. To help, you may want to consider some of the statistics involved with master’s degrees. This may relate to how hard the degree is based on how many students get the top grades.

In short, the number of students and even the percentage will vary from class to class or university to university. However, about 5%- 25% of each class are roughly expected to get the top grade – a distinction. However, these figures can be taken with a pinch of salt, and you may want to inquire into a specific university that you are interested in to learn more.

Continue reading to learn more about the grading of master’s degrees in the UK and how common each grade is. This article will provide a brief overview of the amount of students that get top grades and those that fail as well as more.

Table of Contents

How many students get a distinction in their master’s degrees in the UK?

Finding out the percentage of students that get a distinction at master’s degree level can be useful for a number of reasons. To begin with, it can help you to see how hard the degree is itself . This is because the lower the percentage of students that get the top grades, tends to mean that the qualification is more difficult.

It can also provide useful insight to compare a master’s degree with other qualifications. This is especially for a qualification that you may have studied before, such as an undergraduate degree.

Despite this, in the UK, universities tend not to publish the grades that master’s students receive at the end of their degrees. The reason for this is unclear but is likely due to the fact that they are not required to as students do not receive government funding for master’s degrees.

However, based on past master’s degree students’ own experience, the number of students that get a master’s degree in each class may vary between about 5% and 25% .

Please note that this information is taken from an online chat room on The Student Room and from Quora, which you can find in their respective links here , here and here . Make sure that you don’t take this information in isolation and if you have a specific university that you’re interested in, you may be able to email them to find out more.

What percentage of master’s students fail?

In the UK, students invest quite a lot in order to study a master’s degree. To begin with, they are often quite costly with the average in 2022 being at about £8,740 just for the single year for a taught master’s degree.

For more on the costs of master’s degree, check out this Think Student article . If you are interested in how to pay for these high costs, you can also look at this Think Student article on student loans for master’s degree students.

It is likely due to this investment that the fail rate for master’s degree in the UK is pretty low. While there’s no available specific figure as of 2022, some universities were even able to not get any fails for several years in a row. This was the case for Lancaster University in 2018, this having fallen from a previous 0.23% fail rate for master’s degree students between 2012 and 2013 .

If you would like to learn more about these figures, check out this guide by Lancaster University Students’ Union. You can also check out this thread on The Student Room for more likely reasons that this rate is so low.

How are master’s degrees graded?

If you are familiar with the undergraduate grading system, you will probably find that the master’s degree grading system is pretty different, yet it also shares some similarities . If you are not familiar with the undergraduate degree grading system, it uses degree classifications.

These range from a first-class honours degree also known as a first to a third-class honour’s degree or even a fail. To learn more about this grading system, check out this Think Student article , which will talk you through the degree classifications.

The master’s degree grading system doesn’t use the degree classification grading system. Instead, it uses a grading system of Pass, Merit, Distinction or Fail.

These grades are quite similar to the ones you would get from a vocational qualification, such as BTECs. For more on how BTECs are graded, you can check out this Think Student article .

The reason why the grading system of a master’s degree is comparable to the grading system of an undergraduate degree is because the grades you receive are essentially worth the same.

This is because the distinctions based on your percentage grade are the same, although master’s degrees have fewer passing grades . To see this more clearly, look at the following table.

For more information about how master’s degrees are graded, check out this Think Student article .

What is a good grade at master’s degree level?

Defining what is a good grade is incredibly subjective as everyone will have their own views on what a “good grade” means to them . You may consider a good grade to be simply passing while someone else may feel that the only good grade is the top grade.

However, personally, I would say that a “good” grade at master’s degree level is about a merit. This is because getting a merit grade or above is often required to continue your studies for something such as a PhD. Therefore, a “good” grade in this instance is one that allows you to reap as many benefits as possible .

However, as previously mentioned this is incredibly subjective and you are fully entitled to your own opinion of what a good grade is at master’s degree level. For more on a PhD’s entry requirements, look at this article by Find a PhD.

What can you do with a distinction in a master’s degree?

Earning a master’s degree is an incredible achievement and it demonstrates all of the hard work that you have put in. Not only into the year-long master’s degree but also into every qualification you have previously earned beforehand. As mentioned above, getting a distinction in your master’s degree is not easy, but it can be immensely rewarding if you are able to .

This is especially for whatever you decide to do when you complete your master’s degree. While a master’s degree can naturally open doors, having a distinction can enhance these, particularly in an academic sense.

Will getting a distinction in a master’s degree improve your career?

Regardless of the grade, attaining a master’s degree can greatly improve your career prospects. This is for various reasons. For one, it increases your specialist knowledge and so it can help you to stand out in your field.

It can also help you with networking, especially if you are at a large university or form a good relationship with your professors and other people there . This networking can lead you to a whole range of new opportunities that you may not have been able to access before.

Also, a master’s degree by itself shows that you are quite dedicated to your work and that you can be quite independent. This is especially true if you take a research master’s degree.

Even more, having a master’s degree can improve chances of career advancement and it can improve your salary. For more information about the benefits of a master’s degree for your career, check out this article by the University of Edinburgh.

Can you continue studying with a distinction in a master’s degree?

However, if you are interested in continuing your studies a master’s degree can also be greatly useful. The next level up is the highest level of education in the UK. The most academic qualification at this level is a doctorate degree.

A doctorate degree is an umbrella term for several different advanced degrees, such as PhDs . For a detailed explanation of what exactly a PhD is check out this Think Student article .

Taking a master’s degree and getting a distinction can seriously boost your application to further your studies . If you want to study a doctorate degree, such as a PhD, the entry requirements for a master’s degree tend to be either a merit or distinction.

This will of course depend on what course you are applying for and which university you are applying to. For more information about these entry requirements, check out this article by Find a PhD.

Alternatively, you may want to use all knowledge you have gain and the skills you picked up that enabled you to get a distinction to study for a more vocational course . This can be a great idea if your master’s degree was a more broad topic that doesn’t relate directly to a career option.

In this, your options are endless, from counselling to translation, and it can allow you to better prepare for whatever career you want to go into. For more information about what you can do with a master’s degree, check out this article by the University of West Scotland.