software development research topics

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What are Software Engineer Research Topics?

Software engineer research topics are areas of exploration and study in the rapidly evolving field of software engineering. These research topics include various software development approaches, quality of software, testing of software, maintenance of software, security measures for software, machine learning models in software engineering, DevOps, and architecture of software. Each of these software engineer research topics has distinct problems and opportunities for software engineers to investigate and make major contributions to the field. In short, research topics for software engineering provide possibilities for software engineers to investigate new technologies, approaches, and strategies for developing and managing complex software systems.

For example, research on agile software development could identify the benefits and drawbacks of using agile methodology, as well as develop new techniques for effectively implementing agile practices. Software testing research may explore new testing procedures and tools, as well as assess the efficacy of existing ones. Software quality research may investigate the elements that influence software quality and develop approaches for enhancing software system quality and minimizing the faults and errors. Software metrics are quantitative measures that are used to assess the quality, maintainability, and performance of software.

The research papers on software engineering topics in this specific area could identify novel measures for evaluating software systems or techniques for using metrics to improve the quality of software. The practice of integrating code changes into a common repository and pushing code changes to production in small, periodic batches is known as continuous integration and deployment (CI/CD). This research could investigate the best practices for establishing CI/CD or developing tools and approaches for automating the entire CI/CD process.

2. Natural Language Processing

Multimodality

Multimodality in Natural Language Processing (NLP) is one of the appealing research ideas for software engineering at the nexus of computer vision, speech recognition, and NLP. The ability of machines to comprehend and generate language from many modalities, such as text, speech, pictures, and video, is referred to as multimodal NLP. The goal of multimodal NLP is to develop systems that can learn from and interpret human communication across several modalities, allowing them to engage with humans in more organic and intuitive ways.

The building of conversational agents or chatbots that can understand and create responses using several modalities is one example of multimodal NLP in action. These agents can analyze text input, voice input, and visual clues to provide more precise and relevant responses, allowing users to have a more natural and seamless conversational experience. Furthermore, multimodal NLP can be used to enhance language translation systems, allowing them to more accurately and effectively translate text, speech, and visual content.

The development of multimodal NLP systems must take efficiency into account. as multimodal NLP systems require significant computing power to process and integrate information from multiple modalities, optimizing their efficiency is critical to ensuring that they can operate in real-time and provide users with accurate and timely responses. Developing algorithms that can efficiently evaluate and integrate input from several modalities is one method for improving the efficiency of multimodal NLP systems.

Overall, efficiency is a critical factor in the design of multimodal NLP systems. Researchers can increase the speed, precision, and scalability of these systems by inventing efficient algorithms, pre-processing approaches, and hardware architectures, allowing them to run successfully and offer real-time replies to consumers. Software Engineering training will help you level up your career and gear up to land you a job in the top product companies as a skilled Software Engineer.

3. Applications of Data Mining in Software Engineering

Mining Software Engineering Data

The mining of software engineering data is one of the significant research paper topics for software engineering, involving the application of data mining techniques to extract insights from enormous datasets that are generated during software development processes. The purpose of mining software engineering data is to uncover patterns, trends, and various relationships that can inform software development practices, increase software product quality, and improve software development process efficiency.

Mining software engineering data, despite its potential benefits, has various obstacles, including the quality of data, scalability, and privacy of data. Continuous research in this area is required to develop more effective data mining techniques and tools, as well as methods for ensuring data privacy and security, to address these challenges. By tackling these issues, mining software engineering data can continue to promote many positive aspects in software development practices and the overall quality of product.

Clustering and Text Mining

Clustering is a data mining approach that is used to group comparable items or data points based on their features or characteristics. Clustering can be used to detect patterns and correlations between different components of software, such as classes, methods, and modules, in the context of software engineering data.

On the other hand, text mining is a method of data mining that is used to extract valuable information from unstructured text data such as software manuals, code comments, and bug reports. Text mining can be applied in the context of software engineering data to find patterns and trends in software development processes

4. Data Modeling

Data modeling is an important area of research paper topics in software engineering study, especially in the context of the design of databases and their management. It involves developing a conceptual model of the data that a system will need to store, organize, and manage, as well as establishing the relationships between various data pieces. One important goal of data modeling in software engineering research is to make sure that the database schema precisely matches the system's and its users' requirements. Working closely with stakeholders to understand their needs and identify the data items that are most essential to them is necessary.

5. Verification and Validation

Verification and validation are significant research project ideas for software engineering research because they help us to ensure that software systems are correctly built and suit the needs of their users. While most of the time, these terms are frequently used interchangeably, they refer to distinct stages of the software development process. The process of ensuring that a software system fits its specifications and needs is referred to as verification. This involves testing the system to confirm that it behaves as planned and satisfies the functional and performance specifications. In contrast, validation is the process of ensuring that a software system fulfils the needs of its users and stakeholders.

This includes ensuring that the system serves its intended function and meets the requirements of its users. Verification and validation are key components of the software development process in software engineering research. Researchers can help to improve the functionality and dependability of software systems, minimize the chance of faults and mistakes, and ultimately develop better software products for their consumers by verifying that software systems are designed correctly and that they satisfy the needs of their users.

6. Software Project Management

Software project management is an important component of software engineering research because it comprises the planning, organization, and control of resources and activities to guarantee that software projects are finished on time, within budget, and to the needed quality standards. One of the key purposes of software project management in research is to guarantee that the project's stakeholders, such as users, clients, and sponsors, are satisfied with their needs. This includes defining the project's requirements, scope, and goals, as well as identifying potential risks and restrictions to the project's success.

7. Software Quality

The quality of a software product is defined as how well it fits in with its criteria, how well it performs its intended functions, and meets the needs of its consumers. It includes features such as dependability, usability, maintainability, effectiveness, and security, among others. Software quality is a prominent and essential research topic in software engineering. Researchers are working to provide methodologies, strategies, and tools for evaluating and improving software quality, as well as forecasting and preventing software faults and defects. Overall, software quality research is a large and interdisciplinary field that combines computer science, engineering, and statistics. Its mission is to increase the reliability, accessibility, and overall quality of software products and systems, thereby benefiting both software developers and end consumers.

8. Ontology

Ontology is a formal specification of a conception of a domain used in computer science to allow knowledge sharing and reuse. Ontology is a popular and essential area of study in the context of software engineering research. The construction of ontologies for specific domains or application areas could be a research topic in ontology for software engineering. For example, a researcher may create an ontology for the field of e-commerce to give common knowledge and terminology to software developers as well as stakeholders in that domain. The integration of several ontologies is another intriguing study topic in ontology for software engineering. As the number of ontologies generated for various domains and applications grows, there is an increasing need to integrate them in order to enable interoperability and reuse.

9. Software Models

In general, a software model acts as an abstract representation of a software system or its components. Software models can be used to help software developers, different stakeholders, and users communicate more effectively, as well as to properly evaluate, design, test, and maintain software systems. The development and evaluation of modeling languages and notations is one research example connected to software models. Researchers, for example, may evaluate the usefulness and efficiency of various modeling languages, such as UML or BPMN, for various software development activities or domains.

Researchers could also look into using software models for software testing and verification. They may investigate how models might be used to produce test cases or to do model checking, a formal technique for ensuring the correctness of software systems. They may also examine the use of models for monitoring at runtime and software system adaptation.

The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a software engineering process for planning, designing, developing, testing, and deploying software systems. SDLC is an important research issue in software engineering since it is used to manage software projects and ensure the quality of the resultant software products by software developers and project managers. The development and evaluation of novel software development processes is one SDLC-related research topic. SDLC research also includes the creation and evaluation of different software project management tools and practices.

Researchers may also check the implementation of SDLC in specific sectors or applications. They may, for example, investigate the use of SDLC in the development of systems that are more safety-critical, such as medical equipment or aviation systems, and develop new processes or tools to ensure the safety and reliability of these systems. They may also look into using SDLC to design software systems in new sectors like the Internet of Things or in blockchain technology.

Why is Software Engineering Required?

Software engineering is necessary because it gives a systematic way to developing, designing, and maintaining reliable, efficient, and scalable software. As software systems have become more complicated over time, software engineering has become a vital discipline to ensure that software is produced in a way that is fully compatible with end-user needs, reliable, and long-term maintainable.

When the cost of software development is considered, software engineering becomes even more important. Without a disciplined strategy, developing software can result in overinflated costs, delays, and a higher probability of errors that require costly adjustments later. Furthermore, software engineering can help reduce the long-term maintenance costs that occur by ensuring that software is designed to be easy to maintain and modify. This can save money in the long run by lowering the number of resources and time needed to make software changes as needed.

2. Scalability

Scalability is an essential factor in software development, especially for programs that have to manage enormous amounts of data or an increasing number of users. Software engineering provides a foundation for creating scalable software that can evolve over time. The capacity to deploy software to diverse contexts, such as cloud-based platforms or distributed systems, is another facet of scalability. Software engineering can assist in ensuring that software is built to be readily deployed and adjusted for various environments, resulting in increased flexibility and scalability.

3. Large Software

Developers can break down huge software systems into smaller, simpler parts using software engineering concepts, making the whole system easier to maintain. This can help to reduce the software's complexity and makes it easier to maintain the system over time. Furthermore, software engineering can aid in the development of large software systems in a modular fashion, with each module doing a specific function or set of functions. This makes it easier to push new features or functionality to the product without causing disruptions to the existing codebase.

4. Dynamic Nature

Developers can utilize software engineering techniques to create dynamic content that is modular and easily modifiable when user requirements change. This can enable adding new features or functionality to dynamic content easier without disturbing the existing codebase. Another factor to consider for dynamic content is security. Software engineering can assist in ensuring that dynamic content is generated in a secure manner that protects user data and information.

5. Better Quality Management

An organized method of quality management in software development is provided by software engineering. Developers may ensure that software is conceived, produced, and maintained in a way that fulfills quality requirements and provides value to users by adhering to software engineering principles. Requirement management is one component of quality management in software engineering. Testing and validation are another part of quality control in software engineering. Developers may verify that their software satisfies its requirements and is error-free by using an organized approach to testing.

In conclusion, the subject of software engineering provides a diverse set of research topics with the ability to progress the discipline while enhancing software development and maintenance procedures. This article has dived deep into various research topics in software engineering for masters and research topics for software engineering students such as software testing and validation, software security, artificial intelligence, Natural Language Processing, software project management, machine learning, Data Mining, etc. as research subjects. Software engineering researchers have an interesting chance to explore these and other research subjects and contribute to the development of creative solutions that can improve software quality, dependability, security, and scalability.

Researchers may make important contributions to the area of software engineering and help tackle some of the most serious difficulties confronting software development and maintenance by staying updated with the latest research trends and technologies. As software grows more important in business and daily life, there is a greater demand for current research topics in software engineering into new software engineering processes and techniques. Software engineering researchers can assist in shaping the future of software creation and maintenance through their research, ensuring that software stays dependable, safe, reliable and efficient in an ever-changing technological context. KnowledgeHut’s top Programming certification course will help you leverage online programming courses from expert trainers.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Ans: To find a research topic in software engineering, you can review recent papers and conference proceedings, talk to different experts in the field, and evaluate your own interests and experience. You can use a combination of these approaches.

Ans: You should study software development processes, various programming languages and their frameworks, software testing and quality assurance, software architecture, various design patterns that are currently being used, and software project management as a software engineering student.

Ans: Empirical research, experimental research, surveys, case studies, and literature reviews are all types of research in software engineering. Each sort of study has advantages and disadvantages, and the research method chosen is determined by the research objective, resources, and available data.

Eshaan Pandey

Eshaan is a Full Stack web developer skilled in MERN stack. He is a quick learner and has the ability to adapt quickly with respect to projects and technologies assigned to him. He has also worked previously on UI/UX web projects and delivered successfully. Eshaan has worked as an SDE Intern at Frazor for a span of 2 months. He has also worked as a Technical Blog Writer at KnowledgeHut upGrad writing articles on various technical topics.

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23 Exciting Software Development Project Ideas & Topics for Beginners [updated 2024]

In this article, you will learn the 23 Exciting Software Development Project Ideas & Topics for 2023 . Take a glimpse below.

Android task monitoring
Sentiment analysis for product rating
Fingerprint-based ATM system
Advanced employee management system
Image encryption using the AES algorithm
Fingerprint voting system
Weather forecasting system
Android local train ticketing system
Railway tracking and arrival time prediction system
Android Patient Tracker
Opinion mining for social networking platforms
Automated payroll system with GPS tracking and image capture
Data leakage detection system
Credit card fraud detection
AI shopping system
Camera motion sensor system
Bug tracker
e-Learning platform
Smart health prediction system
Software piracy protection system
Face detector
Voice Recognition

Read the full article to know more about the project Ideas & Topics in detail.

Software development innovative project ideas are an integral part of a Software Engineer/Developer’s career graph. Once you attain the requisite knowledge and skills in software development, if you don’t put that knowledge and expertise to the test, they’ll be of little or no use. This is why Software Developers readily take on software development projects immediately after completing their formal education.

In the present industry, if you wish to land a promising job in the field of Software Development, you must have a few software development projects under your belt. As a matter of fact, during interviews for Software Development job roles, almost all potential employers will ask you whether or not you have any unique programming project ideas and if you have worked on any real-world development projects. These real time projects can also be used as final-year project ideas for IT students.

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By working on live software development minor project topics , you can spice up your resume and position yourself as an ideal candidate for Software Development roles.

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In this post, we’ll talk about 20 interesting Software Development project topics that are excellent for honing your programming and development skills.

Why are Software Development Projects Important?

Software development minor project topics are important for various reasons, as they play a crucial role in modern society and business. Here are some key reasons why software development projects hold significant importance in this digital landscape: –

Innovation and Advancement

Software development project topics drive innovation by creating new technologies, tools, and solutions that improve efficiency, convenience, and quality of life. New software applications can revolutionize industries and lead to entirely new markets.

Business Growth and Competitiveness

In today’s digital landscape, businesses often rely on software to operate efficiently, connect with customers, and compete effectively. Custom software solutions can provide a competitive edge by addressing unique business needs and streamlining operations.

Efficiency and Automation

The software helps automate and streamline processes, reducing the need for manual tasks and minimizing errors. This increases efficiency, lower operational costs, and improves resource utilization.

Data Management and Analysis

Software innovative ideas for projects enable businesses to collect, store, manage, and analyze vast data. This data-driven decision-making is essential for understanding customer behavior, market trends, and business performance.

Improved Customer Experience

Software applications, whether web-based, mobile, or desktop, often serve as direct touchpoints with customers. Well-designed and user-friendly software can enhance customer experiences, increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty.

Global Connectivity

The software connects people, businesses, and devices across the globe. It enables communication, collaboration, and information sharing regardless of geographical barriers.

Research and Scientific Advancement

Many scientific and academic fields rely on software development for data analysis, simulations, modeling, and experimentation. Advances in software contribute to breakthroughs in various disciplines.

Healthcare and Medicine

Software development is critical in medical technology, from electronic health records (EHR) systems to diagnostic tools and telemedicine platforms. It helps improve patient care, medical research, and treatment outcomes.

Entertainment and Media

The entertainment industry relies heavily on software for video games, multimedia content creation, streaming platforms, and virtual reality experiences, enhancing the way people consume and engage with media.

Social Impact

Software real time projects can have significant social impacts, addressing societal and educational challenges, disaster management, poverty alleviation, environmental monitoring, and more.

Customization and Flexibility

Custom software solutions can be tailored to meet specific business requirements, providing greater flexibility and adaptability than off-the-shelf software.

Security and Privacy

Software development innovative project ideas contribute to developing cybersecurity tools and practices, helping protect sensitive data and systems from cyber threats.

Economic Growth

The software industry generates substantial economic value, creating job opportunities, fostering entrepreneurship, and contributing to economic growth and GDP.

In essence, software development projects topics for the students drive technological progress, enable efficiency gains, and shape the way we interact with the world around us. They empower businesses, organizations, and individuals to achieve their goals, solve complex problems, and remain competitive in a rapidly evolving digital landscape.

Looking to challenge yourself or expand your portfolio? Check out our curated list of computer science project ideas to inspire your next groundbreaking project.

How to Develop a Software Project Topics?

Developing a software innovative ideas for projects involves several key steps to ensure its successful creation and deployment. So, let’s learn how to develop a software project: –

Through thorough analysis and planning, begin by defining clear project goals, scope, and requirements.
Next step is to design the software architecture and user interfaces, considering scalability and user experience.
Choose the best technologies, frameworks, and development methodologies based on the project’s needs.
Implement the software by writing code, regularly testing, and addressing bugs and issues.
Collaborate closely with a multidisciplinary team, including developers, designers, and testers, to ensure comprehensive coverage.
Regularly review and iterate on the software, incorporating user feedback and making necessary adjustments. Prioritize security measures and data protection throughout the development process.
Finally, deploy the software to the target environment and continuously monitor its performance, promptly addressing post-launch concerns.
Effective communication, teamwork, and adherence to best practices are crucial for delivering a successful software testing micro project topics on time and within budget.

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Domains of Software Development that Programmers Can Explore

Listed below are a few domains of software development that programmers should consider:

Front-end development: The front-end development domain is focused on imparting a seamless experience to the users. This is mainly associated with the area related to the website’s design and appearance.
Back-end development: The back-end development domain deals with logic and effective software programming that goes into the smooth execution of the programs.
Full-stack development: This domain combines both the front and back-end segments of software development and provides integrated knowledge.
Web and mobile application development: Programmers can also gain relevant skills in website and mobile application development to contribute to the development of web, Android, and iOS applications.
AI software development: AI is finding its way into various sectors in the modern-day tech-driven world, including software development. AI and ML technologies can be used to make tools like chatbots, virtual personal assistants, and more.
Cloud computing technologies: Technologies like Azure, Google Cloud, AWS, etc., are being used by firms and companies to cater to the industries’ requirements for storing and protecting data. This has become an important aspect of software development.

Let us now look at the 28 most innovative project ideas for students of software development that are highly engaging and extremely relevant in today’s world.

Software Development Project Ideas

This list of software engineering projects for students is suited for beginners, and those just starting out with software engineering in general. These software engineering projects will get you going with all the practicalities you need to succeed in your career as a software engineering professional. The focal point of these software engineering projects is software engineering algorithms for beginners, i.e., algorithms that don’t require you to have a deep understanding of software engineering, and hence are perfect for students and beginners.

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Further, if you’re looking for software engineering project ideas for the final year, this list should get you going. So, without further ado, let’s jump straight into some software testing micro project topics that will strengthen your base and allow you to climb the ladder.

1. Android task monitoring

This innovative ideas for project is exclusively designed to simplify the tracking and monitoring of day-to-day activities of busy modern life. We are so busy in our daily lives right now that it becomes impossible to keep track of our daily events, meetings, and appointments. To address this issue, this project focuses on developing a Weekly Task Alerting System for Android devices that can alert users of the tasks/appointments that are scheduled for each day of the week.

The innovative project ideas for students is primarily a reminder app powered by an AI chatbot that reminds users of all the tasks that are due daily. Users can use this application to set goals and achieve them, thereby increasing productivity and simplifying their lives.

Importance of android task monitoring system-

Alert the users of the due tasks.
Less time-consuming, and the users can easily navigate through.
Brings higher productivity to the user’s life.
They are user-friendly and therefore have higher adaptability.
Integration of extra features
Better technology performance

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2. Sentiment analysis for product rating

This is one of the most innovative project ideas beginners can try out.

This project aims to develop a sentiment analysis system for product rating. It is an e-commerce web application. The main goal of this sentiment analysis system is to understand the hidden sentiments of customers in feedback and comments and analyze their product rating patterns.

When registered customers use this app to view products, product features, and comment on different products, the sentiment analysis system will analyze the comments of various users and ranks products accordingly. The system leverages a database of sentiment-based keywords (including positivity or negativity weight).

So, when a user comments on a particular product, the sentiment analysis system analyzes the keywords in the comment to find a match with the keywords stored in the database. After analyzing the matches against the positive and negative keywords and sentiments, the system ranks a product as good, bad, and very bad. Thus, users can use this application to find out reviews on a product.

Importance of Sentiment analysis for product rating

Organisations can use this as a marketing tool.
Customer loyalty
Customer satisfaction
Brand Recognition
The product can acquire the acceptance of the customers.
It helps the brands to identify the products that have higher acceptance and materialise the resources for the same.
Lift the business’s local ranking on the search engine.
Boost click-through rates

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3. Fingerprint-based ATM system

This innovative project ideas for students is a desktop application that uses the fingerprint of users for authentication. Since each individual has a unique fingerprint, this method of using fingerprint as a means of authentication to access your ATM is safer and more secure than using an ATM card. Users need not carry their ATM cards with them at all times – they can use their fingerprints to access ATM services.

To use the fingerprint-based ATM system, users must log in to their accounts using their fingerprints. After logging in, once they provide their unique pin, they can conduct all kinds of banking transactions, from withdrawing cash to money transfers, and even viewing their account balance. Furthermore, users can also check the last five transactions from their accounts.

Importance of having a Fingerprint-based ATM system

Safer and secure transactions
Fingerprints are unique to individuals. L losing the ATM card does not pose a big issue.
No requirement to carry an ATM card all the time.
Non-transferable feature.
Helps in making transactions easier at any place.

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4. Advanced employee management system

Usually, large companies and organizations have a vast army of human resources working under them. In such scenarios where there’s a significant number of human employees to manage, it becomes challenging to supervise and manage the activities of the human resources efficiently. Such companies/organizations need an advanced employee management system that can handle everything related to the company’s human resources.

This software project aims to build an employee management system that consolidates all the relevant information on a company’s human resources. It has two major components – Admin and Employee. The Admin is in charge of the company information, leave management, and payroll, and can also add and tweak employee details. Likewise, employees can use the system to check their leave status, view salary details, and yearly holiday lists, and also for voicing grievances or resigning. This can be one of the final year project ideas for IT students.

Importance of having an Advanced employee management system

It helps in creating an open environment.
Aligns the workforce to achieve the company goals.
Brings transparency in the system.
Helps in achieving work-life balance.
Encourages productivity in the team.
Helps in better tracking of employee performance.
Remote access
Time-saving
Secure as the personal information cannot be accessed by anyone.

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5. Image encryption using AES algorithm

When it comes to communication and imaging systems, you need to incorporate the highest level of security in place. Without a reliable and secure system, there’s a massive threat to sensitive data. Cybercriminals and hackers are always on the lookout for hacking into confidential data, which puts it at risk of being violated.

This software project seeks to create a sophisticated image encryption system by using the AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) algorithm to prevent intrusion attacks of imaging systems and misuse of digital images. Since the system encrypts the images using the AES algorithm, they can only be viewed by the receiver and the sender. This encryption system is more secure than DES or triple DES systems.

Importance of having Image encryption using the AES algorithm

They are secure.
The images are encrypted; only the user having access can view them.
Encryption and decryption are more secure.
Prevent unauthorized access.

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Read: Full Stack Development Project Ideas

6. Fingerprint voting system

In this software testing micro project topics, you will develop a fingerprint-based voting application that can recognize users based on their fingerprint patterns. Since fingerprint authentication is unique for each person, the system can quickly identify the voters using their fingerprints. Naturally, a voter can vote for a candidate only once.

The Admin adds all the names and photos of the candidates nominated for the election. The Admin then authenticates users by verifying their identity proof, and after verification, the voter is registered in the system. Furthermore, the Admin even enters the data when the election will end, after which the system will automatically delete the names and photos of the candidates and voters.

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The users can log in to the system via the unique user ID and password given by the Admin and then use their fingerprints to vote for their preferred candidate. Once the election is over, and the votes are counted, Both the Admin and users can view the election result using the election ID.

Importance of having a Fingerprint voting system

Transparent
Fingerprints are unique to individuals, thus ruling out multiple punch-ins.
Promises fair election process.
Scalable; adding new voters is easier using a biometric approach.
Secure, the voters need not worry about identity theft.

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7. Weather forecasting system

If you are new to software development and looking for minor project topics , this project might suit you.

Weather forecasting systems use a combination of science and technology to make accurate predictions on weather conditions of a particular location at a particular time. Weather forecast systems and applications predict weather conditions based on multiple parameters, such as pressure, temperature, humidity, wind speed, etc.

This weather forecasting project is a web application. It has a graphical user interface where users can log in via their user ID and password. This weather forecast application is different from the conventional weather forecast systems where you only enter the location.

However, in this application, the users will manually enter the current parameters of a location, and the system will predict the weather conditions of the place by using historical data stored in the database. The Admin continually updates the database by entering the data of past weather conditions. Since the system mainly relies on historical data, the predictions will be much more accurate and reliable.

Importance of having a Weather forecasting system

Accurate data
Prevents mishaps by predicting the weather accurately.
Supports the economy as it helps users plan their business activities.
Healthy safety
User-friendly
Compatible with various operating systems such as Android, iOs, etc.
Cost-effective
Supports infrastructure safety
It helps in planning out disaster management.

8. Android local train ticketing system

In this project, you will develop a ticketing application for local trains. Users can use the app to book tickets for local trains and receive online booking receipts. They can print these online booking receipts as hard copy proof for traveling via local trains.

The application consists of two accounts – Admin account and a User account. Using the Admin account, the Admin can recharge the user account balance and view all the processed tickets of a user. When users log in to the application, they have to fill out a ticket booking form to book tickets for the local trains traveling to their preferred destination.

In the booking form, users can t choose both the source and destination. The system will also provide the option for a single-route journey or return journey along with the travel class (first class or second class).

Importance of Android local train ticketing system

Time efficient
Transparency
Easy to use
Inclusivity as people from diverse geographical locations can access.

Also try: Web Development Project Ideas

9. Railway tracking and arrival time prediction system

A railway tracking and arrival time prediction system is among the various new ideas for project , you can try out .

This project is a railway tracking system that allows users to obtain relevant information about train timing, whether it is on time or running late, what is the arrival time in a particular station, and so on. The system can track the time of departure of a train from a station and forward this information to the upcoming stations.

If the system identifies a delay in the departure of a train from a particular station, it will pass the information on to the next stations. This project delivers real-time train schedule events to multiple subscribing client applications.

This tracking system consists of an Admin module. The Admin enters all the relevant details about trains and their arrival timing at different stations, which is then forwarded to the next station via an Internet server. Usually, the Admins add information such as train departed from a station, expected arrival at the next destination, delay in the train schedule, etc.

Once the upcoming station receives this data, it will automatically select the data associated with that station and display the same on the screen for the users to see. So, if the Admin at Mumbai station enters information specific to Delhi station, only the Delhi station system will display that information. The station masters at every station have unique login IDs using which they can update the train arrival time at their station.

Importance of having Railway tracking and arrival time prediction system

Real-time display of updates.
Help in better time management of the passengers.
Accurate

10. Android Patient Tracker

This innovative project ideas for college students involves the development of an Android application for viewing and managing patient data. The app is designed to help doctors to see the medical history of their patients. Doctors can also continually upgrade the system by entering the latest medical data of their patients.

This app can be installed on any Android device. Doctors can log in to the app from their Android smartphones and enter relevant information about their patients, including patient name, disease history, medication administered, date of arrival, and consultation and treatment costs, among other things. Once the information is saved in the system, it will be stored for the perusal of doctors in their future cases. So, if a patient comes for a follow-up routine, doctors can immediately check up on their medical history and provide the necessary medical treatments. This is one of the popular projects for final-year project ideas for IT students.

Importance of having an Android Patient Tracker

Database management
Easily accessible
Secured login
High resolution
Quick Search
Easy-to-use UI
Less paperwork involved
Storage of historical data

Also read: Python Project Ideas for Beginners

11. Opinion mining for social networking platforms

This web application uses opinion mining methodology for improved decision making and enhancing customer experience. The application collects and analyzes the comments and feedback on different users on social networking platforms (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, etc.) and categorizes them as positive and negative reviews.

Similar to the sentiment analysis system, this application, too, has a database containing sentiment-based keywords with positivity or negativity weight. So, it analyzes the keywords mined from the user comments against the keywords stored in the database. Accordingly, the comments are ranked as good, bad, and worst reviews (based on their positive or negative weight).

The Admin updates the database with new and relevant keywords. Users can log in to the application to view their status. They can also view the topics and comments posted by other users. By clicking on a particular topic or comment, users can provide their take on the matter.

Also, read about the Top 4 types of sentiment analysis & where to use them.

12. Automated payroll system with GPS tracking and image capture

This is one of the most interesting software engineering projects students can work on.

This automated payroll system doubles up as a web and Android application – while the user will use the Android interface, the Admin (usually the HR) will use the web interface.

The application works something like this – each employee is given an employee ID and password for accessing the app from their Android device. When an employee logs into the system from an Android device and immediately, the user image is captured. Then, the system sends the user image and their GPS location to the Admin.

As long as the user stays logged into the system via an Android device, the GPS location will continue to be automatically updated and forwarded to the Admin every five minutes. When the user logs out, their image and GPS location are again sent to the Admin.

This application allows Admins to keep track of employee attendance and payroll. The Admin creates employee profiles for each employee by entering all the relevant personal information (name, job position, qualification, etc.). They can also check the salary details and breakdown of the salary of each employee by entering the employee ID and date.

Since the application is GPS-enabled, no employee can add proxy attendance. This enables the HRs to keep an accurate record of the working days of individual employees and tweak their payroll accordingly.

Importance of having an Automated payroll system with GPS tracking and image capture

Accurate maintenance of records
Removes negative externalities
Brings transparency
Less human intervention and more data-centric approach
Quick payroll calculations
Proper tax management
Can track working hours

Read our Popular Articles related to Software Development

13. data leakage detection system.

The primary task of data leakage detection systems is to detect data leakage and discover the sources for the same. If ever an organization’s sensitive data gets leaked, it may then finds its way to unauthorized devices. This is why it is crucial to trace the source of data leakage so that you can nip the problem in the bud. An advanced data leakage detection system can prevent data from leaking out of its original source.

This project exclusively focuses on designing an improved data leakage detection system. The proposition here is to identify data leakages by storing data as per agents. It can promptly trace any possible sources of unauthorized leakage by leveraging a data allocation strategy across various agents.

As a part of the strategy, a user can transfer data to other users via “receivers” – these are agents to whom the data is allocated by using ID-based undetectable alterations. The data leakage detection system uses these alterations to identify the source of leaked data immediately when it is found in any unauthorized places or systems.

Importance of having a Data leakage detection system

Prevents unauthorised access
Helps the organisation to take adequate preventive measures
Helps in undertaking preventive measures
Helps in maintaining brand image

14. Credit card fraud detection

Credit card fraud is a significant threat in the BFSI sector. This credit card fraud detection system studies and analyzes user behavior patterns and uses location scanning techniques to identify any unusual patterns. One of The user patterns includes important user behavior like spending habits, usage patterns, etc. The system uses geographic location for identity verification. In case it detects any unusual pattern, the user will be required to undergo the verification process again.

The fraud detection system stores the past transaction data of each user. Based on this data, it calculates the standard user behavior patterns for individual users, and any deviation from those normal patterns becomes a trigger for the system. In the instance of any unusual activity, the system will not only raise alerts, but it will also block the user after three invalid attempts.

Importance of having Credit card fraud detection

Prevents fraudsters from making multiple transactions
Creates alerts
Authentication of customers
Brings more databases, and helps more users to adopt the technology.
Increases user confidence

15. AI shopping system

As the name suggests, the AI multi-agent shopping system is a shopping assistant, more like a recommendation engine. First, the system is fed with the details of a wide range of products. When a user registers in the system and searches for a specific product, the system returns the result of the most relevant items that match the search keywords entered by the user.

Since the system is designed to study the search patterns of the user and based on the previous search and purchase history, it will also provide a curated suggestion of a list of items that are a close match to the searched item.

The AI shopping system allows users to register and log in using an ID and password. After logging in, users can search for products online, perform a custom search across various product categories, add items to their cart, and choose the preferred payment option.

Importance of having an AI shopping system

Customsied search option
Data-centric approach
Increases customer satisfaction
Enhanced UI
User friendly
Customised product recommendations
Easy navigation

Read more: Artificial Intelligence Applications

16. Camera motion sensor system

This camera motion sensor system can detect motion (even the slightest ones) and trigger an alarm. It uses a motion detector algorithm for detecting movements. The camera continually monitors the surrounding environment, records images of any movements in real time, and sets triggers for unusual activities in the vicinity.

To activate the system, the user must set a security code. Once it gets activated, it immediately starts monitoring the surroundings. If the alarm sets off on detecting any movement, the user must deactivate the alarm by re-entering the security code.

17. Bug tracker

This is a bug-tracking application that helps identify and track bugs in projects or systems. The project has three modules – Admin, Staff, and User.

The Admin can log in to the app and enter the details of the project and staff members, view the complaints of users, assign tasks to the members, track the bug resolution status, and send messages to users. The staff can log in to the app to view bug complaints assigned to them and start working on them. If a member is unable to resolve a bug issue, they can forward the problem to another member. As for the users, they can view the progress status of their bug complaints.

Users can also use the ticket number generated during the submission of their complaint and view the solution plan details for the same. In this way, the bug-tracking application keeps the process of monitoring and resolving software bugs transparent and seamless.

Importance of having a Bug tracker

Allows tracking bugs at one centralised system.
Tracking of what the bug is, who is fixing it, and who reported it.
The users can also understand whether their concerns have been taken care of by the team.
Allows organisations to take preventative measures.
Better focus on development
Increases the productivity

18. e-Learning platform

In this innovative project ideas for college students, you will build a shareable e-learning platform using cloud computing infrastructure for online learning. This e-learning platform powered by cloud computing would allow the independent Learning Management Systems (LMS) embedded in various e-Learning standards to share their learning objects, modules, and content. Basically, cloud computing will encourage the sharing of a wide range of learning objects, allowing learners to access them online easily.

The project has a three-layer architecture to facilitate sharing learning modules, reusing them, and interoperability among different learning content efficiently. The middle layer of the infrastructure contains an indexing module and a metadata transformation module to encourage the exchange of metadata among acknowledged e-Learning standards. This allows learners to use available learning objects without requiring them to get affiliated with any other LMS.

Importance of having an e-Learning platform

Attracts users or potential learners.
Integrates innovation
Increases userbase
Data-centric
Promotes learning
Allows the ed-tech to reach vast geographical locations
Integration of study materials
Better user experience
Promotes a positive brand image

19. Smart health prediction system

If you are looking for software engineering projects that can significantly impact our daily lives, this might be one of the best minor project ideas for you.

An intelligent health prediction system can transform the way people take charge of their health while also connecting them to the nearest healthcare providers immediately. Many times patients are unable to access healthcare services due to some reason or the other. The smart health prediction system seeks to solve this problem by enabling patients to get instant healthcare advice and guidance online from licensed medical practitioners.

The smart health prediction application is an online consultation system for users. The system is fed with huge volumes of healthcare data (symptoms and the diseases or health issues associated with those symptoms). So, when a user enters their medical problems and symptoms, the application uses data mining to delve into the database and find the most accurate match of disease/illness related to those symptoms.

Furthermore, the app also provides the contact information of various medical specialists and practitioners with whom the patients can easily connect via the platform.

Importance of having a smart health prediction system

Allows users to access their data
Helps in taking effective preventive measures
Allows the users to receive instant guidance
Associate various symptoms with illness
Accurate results
Helps in better forecasting

Learn about: Software Developer Salary in India

20. Software piracy protection system

The goal of developing this project is to prevent software piracy and improve protection and security measures for software. Piracy is one of the biggest threats in the industry. Hackers use malware and malicious code to gain access to software products/systems, thus, putting at stake the entire security infrastructure of a company. As a result, it is pivotal to incorporate the necessary measures and protection systems to uphold the integrity of data as well as the copyright rights of software products.

The software piracy protection system helps keep piracy threats at bay. Users must first register for using a software product and then purchase the software via online payment. Once the payment is complete, users can download the software and the serial key for the same. The software reads the ID of your machine (PC/laptop) and generates a unique user ID by using an algorithm. The user can now log in via the user ID by providing the serial key.

The key is encrypted and is different for each machine, which makes it highly secure. After the serial key is entered, the software, too, will generate a key via encryption and match it with the serial key of the user for authentication. If the keys match, the user can access the software product, and if it doesn’t match, the software remains locked.

Importance of having a Software piracy protection system

Helps safeguard the system
Prevention data systems from getting pirated
Promotes copyright ownership
Allows the users to take preventive measures

21. Face Detector

The goal is to develop a face detection system. The machine can analyze the face structure by matching it with the already existing data in the system.

The device uses algorithms to detect if the face matches the data that pre-exists in the system. In case of any error, the machine reports it to the user.

Importance of having a face detector-

It helps secure the devices
Helps in surveillance efforts
Better tracking down of criminals
Promotes automated identification

22. Voice Recognition

The machine recognises the voice. The machine analyses the tone and pattern of the voice while the users are speaking, and based on that; it recognises the voice.

The device performs a Neural Machine Translation to perform machine translation. Speech recognition and classification are also involved in the process.

Importance of voice recognition-

Increases productivity
Real-time text-to-speech recognition
Brings inclusivity, as it helps the impaired persons to utilise the technology like anyone else.
Captures speech much faster than the text.

23. Chatbots

Chatbots are integrated into almost every business today. They are engineered to mimic the human way of talking. The AI develops a human-like conversation with its users.

The business uses chatbots as a feature to increase their sales, customer service, and more. They are also responsible for increased customer satisfaction.

Importance of chatbots-

Increased customer satisfaction
Improve lead generation
Scalability of the business
Increases automation of the business
Time effective
Increases customer engagement

24. Organization Administrative Software

Corporate offices and companies also require a robust administration system that enables easy storage and manipulation of large amounts of data. Administrative management software helps you easily manage and automate the different aspects of administrative processes, such as invoicing, scheduling, reporting, document management, communication, and so on.

Such management software can also integrate with different platforms and systems like CRM, accounting, or ERP to enable smoother data exchange and streamline workflows. Administrative software can help an organization automate tasks, enhance efficiency, improve productivity, and eliminate the scope of errors.

Importance of organization administrative software-

Improved data management.
Seamless integration across platforms for better data exchange.
Automation of administrative processes.
Better productivity and reduced error.

25. Appointment Management Software

Amidst all the hustle and bustle of our everyday lives, it is great to have someone keep track of our upcoming appointments for us. If you are looking for innovative ideas for project , you can now build a dedicated software integrated with your personal management tools and tracker applications that will keep track of your important upcoming appointments and events and send you reminders accordingly.

Importance of appointment management software-

Efficient time management through personalized reminders.
Better organization and avoids conflicting or overlapping schedules.

26. Stock Market Tracker

Before the advent of applications, investors had to connect to the stock exchange and then to a stockbroker, who would charge money to purchase stocks for the investors. However, the scenario has now changed, with the entire process being completed on a mobile phone.

A stock market tracker application can ease the task of calling brokers for every small market update. Developers and enterprises can use the API from stock exchanges and create a custom market tracker that will help investors follow the companies whose stocks they have purchased.

The software can also include visual representations to determine the changes in the market.

Importance of stock market tracker software-

Enhanced accessibility and improved convenience.
Facilitates real-time market monitoring.
Cost-effective.

27. E-Parking Challan Generation System

Vehicle owners often leave their vehicles parked in prohibited areas. This kind of software will equip the traffic police and other concerned authorities with the power to identify vehicles that have been parked in unauthorized places.

Using such software, the police can click the photograph of the vehicle parked in an unauthorized area and scan its license plate with the help of an embedded OCR scanner. The images can then be uploaded to the central database, and an auto-generated SMS penalizing the owner will be sent to him.

The challan can either be paid online or added to the vehicle’s annual license fee.

Importance of e-parking challan generation system:

Better accountability.
Prompt response and notification.
Integration of digital payment.

28. Password Manager

This is another simple yet one of the most innovative ideas for a project that beginners can work on. In this project, developers can create a simple interface where users can save all the credentials for logging in to different applications and websites.

There can also be a provision of a feature that suggests stronger passwords and occasionally reminds users to update their passwords.

Importance of password manager-

Enhanced security.
Better management of passwords.

Why is Project-based Learning Effective?

While you now have various engineering project design ideas to work on, do you know why employers emphasize project-based learning to IT candidates?

Besides your skillset, your CV sets you apart from other candidates applying for a similar position. IT projects and project design ideas reflect your abilities and strengths. Real-time engineering project ideas for college students emphasize your practical skills and enable employers to learn your capabilities.

Here are a few reasons why working on mini-project topics, and topics for mini-project software development IT projects is a sure-shot way of attaining success in the future:

Building Problem-Solving Skills: No matter how fluent you are at programming, practical application will always bring forth new challenges related to stable applications or glitches. Only programmers with ample hands-on experience can face these challenges and create viable solutions. Working on different software development projects mini project topics or topics for mini-project beginners will help you be industry-ready and gain a competitive edge.
Research Skills: Working on real-time projects requires candidates to perform extensive research on the topic. Hence, it’s crucial to strengthen your research and research-based skills by seeking the most relevant information needed for the project at hand. Evolved research skills can help you deliver accurate results, making you a desirable candidate for recruiters.
Project Management Skills: Besides skillset and work experience, employers judge candidates by their professional efficiency. How well and productively a candidate can work decides whether they deserve to be hired. You can acquire project management skills through active participation in project-based learning. A great approach is to work on diverse project ideas for college students under limited time to enhance your speed and efficiency.
Hands-on Experience: To make an impact as a software developer, individuals must move beyond textbooks and put their learning to practical use.

Projects can help individuals gain hands-on experience, which, in turn, can enhance their analytical and problem-solving abilities. Therefore, students who are willing to grow their skills in the domain of software development should definitely try their hands at building software.

Time Management: Different tasks in a software development project are assigned specific time slots. Therefore, software development also makes you skilled in time management because you need to monitor if all the steps are completed within the allotted time.

These mini project ideas for IT students will help create a robust resume and portfolio. A portfolio that displays a record of successful completion of a software development project is more likely to get an edge over a resume that displays mere formal CS education. Therefore, future-proof your career as a software professional by starting early.

Technical Skills Acquired Through Software Development Projects

Working on IT projects for students and developing a software can equip amateur developers with the following technical abilities:

Knowledge of programming languages: Programming languages form the foundation and are used by developers to send commands to the computer. Therefore, to succeed as a software developer, you must have foundational knowledge about programming languages.

Employers are likelier to hire developers who can code in multiple languages, as it accounts for their versatility. Therefore, start with learning Python and slowly move to more complex ones like Ruby and C++.

Operating systems: Developers should also understand the relationship between applications, operating systems, and hardware. This way, they can easily design software that can function across platforms.
Software Development Life Cycle: The Software Development Life Cycle has multiple phases that include gathering data, analyzing them, designing the products, and then finally putting them to implementation. Once implemented, the products have to be tested, deployed, and maintained from time to time.

Proper knowledge of the SDLC allows developers to anticipate a time frame and determine the number of projects they will be working on at a time.

Database management: Developers also require a foundational knowledge of SQL programming language as it is the first step towards working effectively with the different database platforms. Software engineering projects for students also teach them the essential skills required for efficient database management.
Debugging: Debugging refers to identifying glitches and errors in your product’s code and removing them. This helps reduce the time spent on testing.

Considering software’s tremendous impact on today’s society, software developers play an important role in helping businesses achieve their goals by aligning with user’s priorities. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, the employment rate of software developers is likely to grow by 25% between 2022 and 2032.

The secret to becoming a successful Software Developer is to work on side projects. The more you experiment, the better will be your real-world programming skills.

We hope these software development innovative ideas for project have inspired you to work on software projects to hone your skills!

If you’re interested to learn more about full-stack software development, check out upGrad & IIIT-B’s Executive PG Programme in Software Development – Specialization in Full Stack Development which is designed for working professionals and offers 500+ hours of rigorous training, 9+ projects and assignments, IIIT-B Alumni status, practical hands-on capstone projects & job assistance with top firms.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

This might appear obvious, but it is extremely important to choose the right topic. After all, you will be sinking a lot of hours into this project, and researching that topic exhaustively to be able to answer all the interviewers’ questions. Choose a project guide who has a certain degree of experience in the field. It’s a bonus if they have already published research papers before. Create a timeline before you begin working, and follow it to the letter. Implement and test your concept, and make sure it is watertight. Finally, do not compromise on the presentation and explanation. Explain things in a coherent, concise, and intuitive manner.

Creating something truly unique that actually contributes to the development of a field, is always a good idea, and seldom goes unrecognized. You can also make your project stand out by going above and beyond with the presentation, and by incorporating creative multimedia such as explanatory videos, graphics, or interactive mini-games to illustrate a concept. Supplement your research with expert interviews, hardware implementations, or computer models. Finally, do not shy away from expanding your scope of study slightly to other fields, if they are relevant to your project topic.

The final year project gives students a chance to actually apply the theoretical knowledge they have gained through the course of their degree, to solve real-world problems. This practical experience is essential for them to join the workforce. The conception and execution of a project give recruiters an idea about your work ethic. They also develop an idea about your commitment to a task, creativity, and attention to detail, based on your answers when they ask you about the deeper technical aspects of your project. In a nutshell, your final year project is considered a comprehensive summary of your undergraduate study.

After acquiring all the theoretical knowledge, the first step to becoming a successful software developer is laying hands on a software development project, which will help you gain hands-on experience and put your knowledge and skills to use. Pick from one amongst the many innovation ideas for software companies, and start working on it.

Developing a software project involves a number of steps. One has to determine the feasibility of all major project ideas, design them, incorporate frameworks and methodologies, write codes, coordinate with the teams, look for issues, address the changes, and finally deploy it and seek feedback.

Software development minor topics are not only relevant in the modern industry, but they also equip budding developers with all the skills they will require to develop larger projects.

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Research collections

Creating the future of software development.

Published May 26, 2021

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“If you think about the world that we’re in now, software plays a key role in our lives – in everything we do. And at the core of solving big problems and fundamental challenges is the ability to use software to attack the problem and make it better. I work in the field of programming languages, and we go to work thinking ‘what do we do to make software better?’ Because if we make software better, then we can make all the things that depend on software better.” Ben Zorn, Partner Researcher, Microsoft Research

Among the key aims of computer science is to advance the tools and systems that software engineers use every day – applying the latest developments in everything from formal methods to artificial intelligence to make software easier to write, understand, test, document and manage. This work can help developers to manage complexity and risk, stay abreast of new developments, and even tackle new paradigms such as quantum computing.

This collection highlights some of the many projects and initiatives across Microsoft Research that aim to advance the field of software development: creating new programming languages, building tools and systems for better software creation, testing, operation and documentation, and advancing program synthesis to automate and streamline programming tasks.

Explore more

Research area Programming languages and software engineering
Podcast Advancing Excel as a programming language with Andy Gordon and Simon Peyton Jones
Podcast How Programming Languages Quietly Run the World with Dr. Ben Zorn
Podcast Scaling the Everest of software security with Dr. Jonathan Protzenko

Programming Languages

Spotlight: Microsoft research newsletter

Microsoft Research Newsletter

Stay connected to the research community at Microsoft.

The Bosque programming language is an experiment in regularized programming language design for a machine-assisted rapid and reliable software development lifecycle. It is a ground-up language and tooling co-design effort focused on investigating the theoretical and practical implications of:

Explicitly designing a code intermediate representation language (or bytecode) that enables deep automated code reasoning and the deployment of next-generation development tools, compilers, and runtime systems.
Leveraging the power of the intermediate representation to provide a programming language that is both easily accessible to modern developers and that provides a rich set of useful language features for developing high reliability & high performance applications.
Taking a cloud-development-first perspective on programming to address emerging challenges as we move into a distributed cloud development model based around microservices, serverless, and RESTful architectures.
Download Bosque Programming Language
Webinar Expanding the possibilities of programming languages with Bosque

F* is a general-purpose functional programming language with effects aimed at program verification. It puts together the automation of an SMT-backed deductive verification tool with the expressive power of a proof assistant based on dependent types. After verification, F* programs can be extracted to efficient OCaml, F#, C, WASM, or ASM code. This enables verifying the functional correctness and security of realistic applications. The main ongoing use case of F* is building a verified, drop-in replacement for the whole HTTPS stack in Project Everest , a multi-year collaborative effort focused on building a verified, secure communications stack designed to improve the security of HTTPS, a key internet safeguard. This includes verified implementations of TLS 1.2 and 1.3 and of the underlying cryptographic primitives.

Language F*: A Higher-Order Effectful Language Designed for Program Verification
Publication EverCrypt: A Fast, Veriﬁed, Cross-Platform Cryptographic Provider
Publication EverParse: Verified Secure Zero-Copy Parsers for Authenticated Message Formats

Excel LAMBDA

LAMBDA allows users to define their own custom functions using Excel’s formula language. Excel already allows users to define custom functions, but only by writing them in an entirely different language such as JavaScript (opens in new tab) . In contrast, LAMBDA allows users to define a custom function in Excel’s own formula language. Moreover, one function can call another, so there is no limit to the power they can deploy with a single function call. The introduction of LAMBDA makes the Excel formula language Turing Complete (opens in new tab) .

Blog Innovation by (and beyond) the numbers: A history of research collaborations in Excel
Blog LAMBDA: The ultimate Excel worksheet function

P is a state machine-based programming language for modeling and specifying complex distributed systems. P allows the programmer to specify the system as a collection of interacting state machines, which communicate with each other using events. P unifies modeling, programming, and testing into one activity for the programmer. Not only can a P program be compiled into executable code, but it can also be systematically tested using model checking. Among other use cases, developers have used P for programming safe robotics systems.

Blog P: A programming language designed for asynchrony, fault-tolerance and uncertainty
Download P: The P programming language
Download Drona
Documentation Get started with the Microsoft Quantum Development Kit

Q# is a domain-specific programming language designed for quantum application development. It is a high-level language that can express the full range of current and future quantum applications. Q# allows users to build hardware agnostic, reusable components intended for execution on a quantum processor. For debugging and development purposes, Q# programs can be executed on a simulator.

Publication Q#: Enabling scalable quantum computing and development with a high-level domain-specific language
Video Quantum Development Kit, Q#, and Katas

Development, testing, documentation and operation

Publication CodeBERT: A Pre-Trained Model for Programming and Natural Languages

CodeBERT is a bimodal pre-trained model for programming language (PL) and natural language (NL). CodeBERT learns general-purpose representations that support downstream NL-PL applications such as natural language codesearch, code documentation generation, etc. CodeBERT is developed with transformer-based neural architecture, and trained with a hybrid objective function that incorporates the pre-training task of replaced token detection, which is to detect plausible alternatives sampled from generators. This enables us to utilize both bimodal data of NL-PL pairs and unimodal data, where the former provides input tokens for model training while the latter helps to learn better generators.

CodeXGLUE is a benchmark dataset and open challenge for code intelligence. It includes a collection of code intelligence tasks and a platform for model evaluation and comparison. CodeXGLUE stands for General Language Understanding Evaluation benchmark for code. It includes 14 datasets for 10 diversified code intelligence tasks covering the following scenarios:

code-code (clone detection, defect detection, cloze test, code completion, code refinement, and code-to-code translation)
text-code (natural language code search, text-to-code generation)
code-text (code summarization)
text-text (documentation translation)
Blog CodeXGLUE: A benchmark dataset and open challenge for code intelligence
Download CodeXGLUE

Code summaries are short natural language (NL) descriptions of code snippets that help developers better understand and maintain source code. Due to the pivotal role of code summaries in software development and maintenance, there is a surge of works on automatic code summarization to reduce the heavy burdens of developers. However, contemporary approaches only leverage the information within the boundary of the method being summarized (i.e., local context), and ignore that using broader context could assist with code summarization.

Publication CoCoGUM: Contextual Code Summarization with Multi-Relational GNN on UMLs

In this paper , researchers explore two global context information, namely intra-class and inter-class context information, and propose the model CoCoGUM: Contextual Code Summarization with Multi-Relational Graph Neural Networks on UMLs. CoCoGUM first incorporates class names as the intra-class context, which is further fed to a Transformer-based sentence embedding model to extract the class lexical embeddings. Then, relevant Unified Modeling Language (UML) class diagrams are extracted as inter-class context and we use a Multi-Relational Graph Neural Network (MR-GNN) to encode the class relational embeddings. Class lexical embeddings and class relational embeddings, together with the outputs from code token encoder and AST encoder, are passed to the decoder armed with a two-level attention mechanism to generate high-quality context-aware code summaries.

Mission-critical cloud services require more than 99.9 percent uptime—developers face extreme challenges in this unpredictable, high-stakes environment. Coyote provides developers with a programming library and tools for confidently building reliable asynchronous software on the .NET platform.

Coyote allows developers to express the high-level asynchronous design directly in the code. It automatically finds deep non-deterministic safety and liveness bugs through intelligent systematic testing; and reproduces these non-deterministic bugs, facilitating easier debugging and quick fixes. It also supports both actor- and task-based programming.

Coyote is being used by several teams in Azure (opens in new tab) to build and test their distributed services.

Blog Coyote: Making it easier for developers to build reliable asynchronous software
Download Coyote
Innovation story Tech Minutes – Project Coyote
Webinar Better design, implementation, and testing of async systems with Coyote

Developer Velocity Lab

The GitHub Blog

The Developer Velocity Lab’s mission is to discover, improve and amplify developer work and well-being. It does this through socio-technical investigations in the following focus areas:

Productivity: Investigating ways to measure and improve developer productivity, so we can help developers do their work better, faster, smarter and more securely. This includes investigations of low-code, no-code and work at the intersection of code, ML and AI.
Community: Studying the ways that people communicate, collaborate, share knowledge and build communities when they build software. An important aspect of this is making all kinds of software development more accessible, inclusive and sustainable.
Well-being: Investigating the intersections of happiness, satisfaction and personal value with software development activities, so we can find ways to make development more fun, enjoyable and sustainable for individuals.
Download Project Everest

EverCrypt, part of Project Everest , is a no-excuses, industrial-grade, fully verified cryptographic provider. EverCrypt provides the same convenience and performance as popular existing cryptographic libraries. Thanks to formal verification, EverCrypt eliminates many of the bugs that leave protocols and applications vulnerable. Usable by verified and unverified clients alike, EverCrypt emphasizes both multiplatform support and high performance. Parts of EverCrypt have been integrated in Windows, the Linux Kernel, Firefox, the Wireguard VPN and the Tezos blockchain.

Blog EverCrypt cryptographic provider offers developers greater security assurances
Download EverParse

EverParse is a framework that automatically produces high-performance, formally proven C code for parsing binary messages. EverParse is now being used to ensure that certain network virtualization components in the Windows kernel correctly parse attacker-controlled inputs. Network packets are handled first by EverParse code that is proven to correctly parse and accept only well-formed messages, rejecting potentially malicious inputs before they reach the rest of the system.

Blog EverParse: Hardening critical attack surfaces with formally proven message parsers

When a failure occurs in production systems, the highest priority is to quickly mitigate it. Despite its importance, failure mitigation is done in a reactive and ad-hoc way: taking some fixed actions only after a severe symptom is observed. For cloud systems, such a strategy is inadequate. NARYA is a preventive and adaptive failure mitigation service that is integrated in a production cloud, Microsoft Azure’s compute platform. Narya predicts imminent host failures based on multi-layer system signals and then decides smart mitigation actions to avert VM failures. Narya’s decision engine takes a novel online experimentation approach to continually explore the best mitigation action. Narya further enhances the adaptive decision capability through reinforcement learning.

Blog Advancing failure prediction and mitigation—introducing Narya | Azure Blog and Updates
Publication AIOps: Real-World Challenges and Research Innovations
Publication Narya: Predictive and Adaptive Failure Mitigation to Avert Production Cloud VM Interruptions

Network Verification

Networks need to run reliably, efficiently, and without users noticing any problems, even as they grow. Keeping networks tuned this way requires the development of tools that improve the functioning of large-scale datacenter networks. The Network Verification project investigates a range of network verification tools that help network operators and architects design, operate, maintain, troubleshoot, and report on their large networks.

Specifically, the Network Verification project explores three sub-areas:

Data-plane verification: Because networks forward packets according to their data plane, verification tools need to have data-plane intelligence built in, for pre- and post-deployment verification and bug detection.
Control-plane verification: Networks generate routing tables through protocols such as BGP (border gateway protocol). To analyze networks before they go into production, they need to be verified at this, the control-plane level.
Emulation: With emulation, network designers can find bugs in firmware and models; network operators can be trained before they are working on production systems. The goal of this product is to enable highly scalable, high-fidelity network emulation for those applications.

RESTler is the first stateful REST API fuzzing tool for automatically testing and finding security and reliability bugs in cloud/web services through their REST APIs. Given an OpenAPI/Swagger specification of a cloud/web service REST API, RESTler automatically generates and executes tests that exercise the service through its REST API—no prerecorded REST API traffic or preexisting tests are needed. RESTler intelligently infers dependencies among request types from the API specification, and, during testing, it checks for specific classes of bugs and dynamically learns from prior service responses. This intelligence allows RESTler to explore deeper service states reachable only through specific request sequences and to find more bugs.

Blog RESTler finds security and reliability bugs through automated fuzzing
Publication RESTler: Stateful REST API Fuzzing
Download REST API Fuzz Testing
Download RESTler Fuzzer

Software Analytics

A huge wealth of various data exists in software lifecycle, including source code, feature specifications, bug reports, test cases, execution traces/logs, and real-world user feedback, etc. Data plays an essential role in modern software development, because hidden in the data is information about the quality of software and services as well as the dynamics of software development. With various analytical and computing technologies, such as pattern recognition, machine learning, data mining, information visualization and large-scale data computing & processing, software analytics is to enable software practitioners to perform effective and efficient data exploration and analysis in order to obtain insightful and actionable information for data-driven tasks in engineering software and services.

The mission of the Software Analytics Group at Microsoft Research Asia is to advance the state of the art in the software analytics area; and utilize our technologies to help improve the quality of software and services as well as the development productivity for both Microsoft and software industry.

Program synthesis

Blue-pencil.

Traditional program synthesis systems have modal UIs (i.e., users enter a special mode to give demonstration/examples), which interrupt users’ workflow and require users to have knowledge about the systems to invoke them.

Blue-Pencil (opens in new tab) aims at developing modeless program synthesis: systems that do not require users to explicitly enter a special mode to give demonstration or examples. Instead, a modeless program synthesis system observes what task a user is doing, learns how to automate the task from those observations, and subsequently assists the user by automating the remaining part of the task. Modeless program synthesis is the main technology behind Visual Studio IntelliCode Suggestions (opens in new tab) .

Video Blue-Pencil: modeless program synthesis
Video On the fly synthesis of edit suggestions

Deep Program Understanding

Blog Minimizing trial and error in the drug discovery process

The Deep Program Understanding project aims to teach machines to understand complex algorithms, combining methods from the programming languages, software engineering and the machine learning communities.

Learning to Understand Programs: Building “smart” software engineering tools requires learning to analyze and understand existing code and related artefacts such as documentation and online resources (e.g. StackOverflow). One of our primary concerns is the integration of standard static analysis methods with machine learning methods to create learning-based program analyses that can be used within software engineering tools. Such tools can then be used to find bugs, automatically retrieve or produce relevant documentation, or verify programs.

Learning to Generate Programs: A core problem of machine learning is to learn algorithms that explain observed behaviour. This can take several forms, such as program synthesis from examples, in which an interpretable program matching given input/output pairs has to be produced; or alternatively programming by demonstration, in which a system has to learn to mimic sequences of actions.

Advancing the Machine Learning Frontier: Structured data such as programs represent a challenge for machine learning methods. The combination of domain constraints, known semantics and complex structure requires new machine learning methods and techniques. Our focus in this area is the analysis and generation of graphs, for which we have developed novel neural network architectures and generative procedures.

Predictive Program Synthesis

Video Web data extraction in Power BI: Program synthesis with or without examples

Program synthesis technologies help users easily automate tasks that would otherwise require significant manual effort or programming skills. For instance, programming-by-example or natural language programming approaches allow the user to express intent by giving examples or natural language descriptions of the task, from which the system can synthesize a program in a formal programming language to complete the task. In this project, we are exploring the novel notion of predictive program synthesis, which is based on the idea that, in some scenarios, we can automatically suggest useful programs to the user without any interaction or intent specification from the user, based entirely on the context.

Common examples of such scenarios include extraction of data from unstructured or semi-structured sources such as text files or webpages. We have developed technologies for automatically synthesizing data extraction scripts for such applications and are also exploring other applications of predictive synthesis such as automatically suggesting improvements to code authored by developers in the IDE.

Predictive synthesis is the technology being used for the new web data extraction feature (opens in new tab) in Microsoft Power BI.

PROSE framework

Microsoft PROSE is a framework of technologies for programming by examples: automatic generation of programs from input-output examples.

The core component of the PROSE SDK is its program synthesis framework for custom domain-specific languages (DSLs). It allows users to define a DSL that describes a typical space of tasks in their application domain, and automatically provides parsing, execution, and synthesis technologies for this DSL. Text transformation (opens in new tab) and text extraction (opens in new tab) DSLs are programming-by-example technologies that have been developed on top of the PROSE core synthesis framework.

Publication Automating String Processing in Spreadsheets using Input-Output Examples
Publication User Interaction Models for Disambiguation in Programming by Example

Continue reading

Research Focus: Week of March 18, 2024

ESEC/FSE 2023 to the left of accepted papers "InferFix: End-to-End Program Repair with LLMs over Retrieval-Augmented Prompts" and "AdaptivePaste: Intelligent Copy-Paste in IDE" on a blue/green gradient background

Microsoft at ESEC/FSE 2023: AI techniques for a streamlined coding workflow

Flowchart showing natural language is transformed into a program in domain specific language using an LLM. This step is called Intent formalization. The user is able to modify, repair and query. The Program in DSL is then converted into natural language representation that can be in text or visual formats. The Program in DSL is also separatedly converted into Code via the Code Generation pipeline. This step is called Robust Code Generation.

PwR: Using representations for AI-powered software development

Microsoft Research Focus 18 | Week of June 19, 2023

Research Focus: Week of June 19, 2023

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Research Topics & Ideas: CompSci & IT

50+ Computer Science Research Topic Ideas To Fast-Track Your Project

Finding and choosing a strong research topic is the critical first step when it comes to crafting a high-quality dissertation, thesis or research project. If you’ve landed on this post, chances are you’re looking for a computer science-related research topic , but aren’t sure where to start. Here, we’ll explore a variety of CompSci & IT-related research ideas and topic thought-starters, including algorithms, AI, networking, database systems, UX, information security and software engineering.

NB – This is just the start…

The topic ideation and evaluation process has multiple steps . In this post, we’ll kickstart the process by sharing some research topic ideas within the CompSci domain. This is the starting point, but to develop a well-defined research topic, you’ll need to identify a clear and convincing research gap , along with a well-justified plan of action to fill that gap.

If you’re new to the oftentimes perplexing world of research, or if this is your first time undertaking a formal academic research project, be sure to check out our free dissertation mini-course. In it, we cover the process of writing a dissertation or thesis from start to end. Be sure to also sign up for our free webinar that explores how to find a high-quality research topic.

Overview: CompSci Research Topics

Algorithms & data structures
Artificial intelligence ( AI )
Computer networking
Database systems
Human-computer interaction
Information security (IS)
Software engineering
Examples of CompSci dissertation & theses

Topics/Ideas: Algorithms & Data Structures

An analysis of neural network algorithms’ accuracy for processing consumer purchase patterns
A systematic review of the impact of graph algorithms on data analysis and discovery in social media network analysis
An evaluation of machine learning algorithms used for recommender systems in streaming services
A review of approximation algorithm approaches for solving NP-hard problems
An analysis of parallel algorithms for high-performance computing of genomic data
The influence of data structures on optimal algorithm design and performance in Fintech
A Survey of algorithms applied in internet of things (IoT) systems in supply-chain management
A comparison of streaming algorithm performance for the detection of elephant flows
A systematic review and evaluation of machine learning algorithms used in facial pattern recognition
Exploring the performance of a decision tree-based approach for optimizing stock purchase decisions
Assessing the importance of complete and representative training datasets in Agricultural machine learning based decision making.
A Comparison of Deep learning algorithms performance for structured and unstructured datasets with “rare cases”
A systematic review of noise reduction best practices for machine learning algorithms in geoinformatics.
Exploring the feasibility of applying information theory to feature extraction in retail datasets.
Assessing the use case of neural network algorithms for image analysis in biodiversity assessment

Topics & Ideas: Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Applying deep learning algorithms for speech recognition in speech-impaired children
A review of the impact of artificial intelligence on decision-making processes in stock valuation
An evaluation of reinforcement learning algorithms used in the production of video games
An exploration of key developments in natural language processing and how they impacted the evolution of Chabots.
An analysis of the ethical and social implications of artificial intelligence-based automated marking
The influence of large-scale GIS datasets on artificial intelligence and machine learning developments
An examination of the use of artificial intelligence in orthopaedic surgery
The impact of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) on transparency and trust in supply chain management
An evaluation of the role of artificial intelligence in financial forecasting and risk management in cryptocurrency
A meta-analysis of deep learning algorithm performance in predicting and cyber attacks in schools

Topics & Ideas: Networking

An analysis of the impact of 5G technology on internet penetration in rural Tanzania
Assessing the role of software-defined networking (SDN) in modern cloud-based computing
A critical analysis of network security and privacy concerns associated with Industry 4.0 investment in healthcare.
Exploring the influence of cloud computing on security risks in fintech.
An examination of the use of network function virtualization (NFV) in telecom networks in Southern America
Assessing the impact of edge computing on network architecture and design in IoT-based manufacturing
An evaluation of the challenges and opportunities in 6G wireless network adoption
The role of network congestion control algorithms in improving network performance on streaming platforms
An analysis of network coding-based approaches for data security
Assessing the impact of network topology on network performance and reliability in IoT-based workspaces

Free Webinar: How To Find A Dissertation Research Topic

Topics & Ideas: Database Systems

An analysis of big data management systems and technologies used in B2B marketing
The impact of NoSQL databases on data management and analysis in smart cities
An evaluation of the security and privacy concerns of cloud-based databases in financial organisations
Exploring the role of data warehousing and business intelligence in global consultancies
An analysis of the use of graph databases for data modelling and analysis in recommendation systems
The influence of the Internet of Things (IoT) on database design and management in the retail grocery industry
An examination of the challenges and opportunities of distributed databases in supply chain management
Assessing the impact of data compression algorithms on database performance and scalability in cloud computing
An evaluation of the use of in-memory databases for real-time data processing in patient monitoring
Comparing the effects of database tuning and optimization approaches in improving database performance and efficiency in omnichannel retailing

Topics & Ideas: Human-Computer Interaction

An analysis of the impact of mobile technology on human-computer interaction prevalence in adolescent men
An exploration of how artificial intelligence is changing human-computer interaction patterns in children
An evaluation of the usability and accessibility of web-based systems for CRM in the fast fashion retail sector
Assessing the influence of virtual and augmented reality on consumer purchasing patterns
An examination of the use of gesture-based interfaces in architecture
Exploring the impact of ease of use in wearable technology on geriatric user
Evaluating the ramifications of gamification in the Metaverse
A systematic review of user experience (UX) design advances associated with Augmented Reality
A comparison of natural language processing algorithms automation of customer response Comparing end-user perceptions of natural language processing algorithms for automated customer response
Analysing the impact of voice-based interfaces on purchase practices in the fast food industry

Research Topic Kickstarter - Need Help Finding A Research Topic?

Topics & Ideas: Information Security

A bibliometric review of current trends in cryptography for secure communication
An analysis of secure multi-party computation protocols and their applications in cloud-based computing
An investigation of the security of blockchain technology in patient health record tracking
A comparative study of symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms for instant text messaging
A systematic review of secure data storage solutions used for cloud computing in the fintech industry
An analysis of intrusion detection and prevention systems used in the healthcare sector
Assessing security best practices for IoT devices in political offices
An investigation into the role social media played in shifting regulations related to privacy and the protection of personal data
A comparative study of digital signature schemes adoption in property transfers
An assessment of the security of secure wireless communication systems used in tertiary institutions

Topics & Ideas: Software Engineering

A study of agile software development methodologies and their impact on project success in pharmacology
Investigating the impacts of software refactoring techniques and tools in blockchain-based developments
A study of the impact of DevOps practices on software development and delivery in the healthcare sector
An analysis of software architecture patterns and their impact on the maintainability and scalability of cloud-based offerings
A study of the impact of artificial intelligence and machine learning on software engineering practices in the education sector
An investigation of software testing techniques and methodologies for subscription-based offerings
A review of software security practices and techniques for protecting against phishing attacks from social media
An analysis of the impact of cloud computing on the rate of software development and deployment in the manufacturing sector
Exploring the impact of software development outsourcing on project success in multinational contexts
An investigation into the effect of poor software documentation on app success in the retail sector

CompSci & IT Dissertations/Theses

While the ideas we’ve presented above are a decent starting point for finding a CompSci-related research topic, they are fairly generic and non-specific. So, it helps to look at actual dissertations and theses to see how this all comes together.

Below, we’ve included a selection of research projects from various CompSci-related degree programs to help refine your thinking. These are actual dissertations and theses, written as part of Master’s and PhD-level programs, so they can provide some useful insight as to what a research topic looks like in practice.

An array-based optimization framework for query processing and data analytics (Chen, 2021)
Dynamic Object Partitioning and replication for cooperative cache (Asad, 2021)
Embedding constructural documentation in unit tests (Nassif, 2019)
PLASA | Programming Language for Synchronous Agents (Kilaru, 2019)
Healthcare Data Authentication using Deep Neural Network (Sekar, 2020)
Virtual Reality System for Planetary Surface Visualization and Analysis (Quach, 2019)
Artificial neural networks to predict share prices on the Johannesburg stock exchange (Pyon, 2021)
Predicting household poverty with machine learning methods: the case of Malawi (Chinyama, 2022)
Investigating user experience and bias mitigation of the multi-modal retrieval of historical data (Singh, 2021)
Detection of HTTPS malware traffic without decryption (Nyathi, 2022)
Redefining privacy: case study of smart health applications (Al-Zyoud, 2019)
A state-based approach to context modeling and computing (Yue, 2019)
A Novel Cooperative Intrusion Detection System for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (Solomon, 2019)
HRSB-Tree for Spatio-Temporal Aggregates over Moving Regions (Paduri, 2019)

Looking at these titles, you can probably pick up that the research topics here are quite specific and narrowly-focused , compared to the generic ones presented earlier. This is an important thing to keep in mind as you develop your own research topic. That is to say, to create a top-notch research topic, you must be precise and target a specific context with specific variables of interest . In other words, you need to identify a clear, well-justified research gap.

Fast-Track Your Research Topic

If you’re still feeling a bit unsure about how to find a research topic for your Computer Science dissertation or research project, check out our Topic Kickstarter service.

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_ Blog / Management, Technology

Software development trends 2021: the latest research data.

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Updated for 2021!

Archived 2020 edition
Archived 2019 edition
Archived 2018 edition

Software development trends evolve, fluctuate, and transform all the time.

Our industry never stands still.

We started publishing the State of Software Development report back in 2018 to take a snapshot of the software development trends each year. This helps us track how they evolved in the past and to make educated guesses about what might happen next.

The report gives you fresh data to compare your activities against others in the industry. You find insights that help you further improve your software engineering team and keep up with the rapidly changing software trends. Plus, you get to compare the fresh data to previous years.

This post highlights 20 interesting stats from the report. The full State of Software Development 2021 report and the reports from previous years contain even more fascinating insights about software development trends.

Download them here:

State of Software Development 2021 report
State of Software Development 2020 report
State of Software Development 2019 report
State of Software Development 2018 report

In this blog post we're covering:

The effects of COVID-19 on the software industry

Remote work trends
New challenges brought about by the pandemic

Managing software development

Top challenges
Popular methods to overcome the top challenges
Manager vs developer comparison

Tools and tech trends

Trending programming languages in 2021

Outsourcing software development

Hiring and retaining software engineers.

Top hiring methods
Top hiring criteria
Top vs average performer comparison
Performance management in software engineering
Performance metrics
Causes of delivery issues

How has the pandemic affected your company?

The data shows that over half of the tech companies were not affected by the pandemic, or its negative and positive impacts evened out. On top of this, only slightly more companies experienced mostly negative effects than the ones that say they went through positive changes.

According to the data, about one in three tech companies was forced to downsize because of the pandemic.

Overall, the software industry didn’t remain unscathed by the pandemic, but it seems to be in decent shape at the moment.

Is remote work allowed at your company?

The biggest change brought by the pandemic is the implementation of remote work across the board. Currently, almost every company allows (or expects) employees to work remotely.

We’ve seen remote work spreading over the past few years, but now it’s everywhere in the software industry.

Remote work isn’t just a momentary effect of the pandemic, but it’s also here to stay.

Only about 16% of tech companies plan to switch back fully to working on-site. Over 60% of companies will switch to working with hybrid teams split between on-site and remote employees.

What challenges has the pandemic added to your daily work?

1. difficulties with communication.

The majority of the participants mentioned that the forced remote environment has made communication more difficult, causing a wide array of issues. Here are the most common occurrences:

Lack of water cooler conversations
Increased overhead in communication
Asynchronous communication
More meetings

The lack of personal touch in a remote environment decreased employee retention at many companies, beyond making the day-to-day work more monotonous and less fun.

Not being able to walk over and talk to a colleague also increased overhead on technical discussions, and minor issues often don’t even make it to discussions. This has made additional meetings necessary, which takes extra time away from software engineers doing focused work.

Overall, remote communication has plenty of room for improvement. If you also struggle with this, check out our podcast episodes on managing remote engineering teams:

Managing remote engineering teams with Katie Womersley
Managing distributed engineering teams with Tim Olshansky
Engaging remote employees with Greg Dick

2. Work-life balance

Many participants mentioned that working from home has made separating personal life from work difficult.

Many people in the industry have trouble focusing on work with many distractions going on at home that they don’t have to deal with at the office. Others say working extra hours has become regular.

It can turn into a vicious cycle where you have trouble focusing, so you end up putting in extra hours and taking less rest, which causes you to have less focus again.

This is a common issue across the board that may be worth looking into to improve the quality of life for remote workers. Leadership and work-life balance is difficult to figure out in this situation, but it's worth putting effort into it.

3. More stress, burnout, and depression

Slower and often lower quality communication, the lack of human interaction, and difficulties with work-life balance in themselves cause extra stress. On top of these, there is a lot of uncertainty everywhere.

This has led to depression and burnout becoming more widespread issues. They may still be less visible, because you only talk to your colleagues during meetings, as opposed to being around them all day in the office.

Mental health issues of any level are certainly real in the current atmosphere, and they deserve extra attention from employees, managers, and senior leadership.

Top challenges in software development

In 2021, hiring became the #1 challenge in software development. It’s great to see that even though downsizing has become a common occurrence, many companies are hiring as well.

Capacity is always one of the top challenges; this year it’s a close second. Outsourcing and hiring more developers are the obvious ways to handle this, so it may be a reason why hiring has become the biggest challenge again.

Knowledge sharing dropped to third place, while time management has become a more common challenge. It may be directly caused by remote work, as many participants say it upsets work-life balance and forces more meetings.

What have you done to overcome this challenge?

Hiring talent.

The most important methods our participants use to be able to attract talent are:

Building an engineering brand
Advertising more
Offering higher pay and better benefits
Working with recruiters

Building an employer brand in engineering mostly involves giving back to the community. If you give without expecting anything in return, you’ll end up gaining recognition and building relationships, which makes hiring easier.

Here are the most popular choices to combat capacity issues:

Improving prioritization
Hiring engineers
Outsourcing to contractors
Improving processes

Increasing the available workforce either internally or externally is the most obvious way to increase overall development capacity.

On the more interesting side of combating capacity issues, our participants often implement agile methodologies to streamline the workflow and use customer needs as a guide to better be able to prioritize development.

Engineering manager vs developer comparison

Engineering managers consider hiring to be a far more important challenge than developers. This comes as no surprise, since dealing with hiring is a responsibility that comes with management.

Capacity is a roughly equally important challenge for both managers and developers.

Developers consider knowledge sharing as their top challenge. It has been receiving more and more attention over the past years .

Time management is another top challenge on a slow and steady rise that is considerably more important for engineers than it is for managers.

Both of these may be directly related to the remote environment making communication more fragmented, and thus difficult.

Programming language trends in 2021

Let’s get down to the fun stuff, and take a look at programming languages.

JavaScript is still #1 and far ahead of everything else, but it ended up with slightly below 50%, a drop from previous years .

Java still came in second, but only ahead of TypeScript by a small margin. TypeScript blew up a couple of years ago, and it’s still going strong.

Python and C# are sitting at the fourth and fifth spot respectively with only marginal changes in percentage.

The continuous growth of TypeScript became obvious when we asked about programming languages companies plan to start using this year. TypeScript became the most popular choice, overtaking Python.

Kotlin gained more interest, while Go seems to be somewhat moving backward, ending up at the fifth spot behind JavaScript.

Let’s not forget, the top answer for the question was “Not considering any new languages” with nearly 33%, but as far as languages go, the ones mentioned above are the top choices.

Development tools

Project management tools are still ruled by Jira. Trello remains in a distant second place as well, but there seems to be a trend emerging.

GitHub Projects and GitHub Issues stepped up significantly compared to previous years. Asana has also gained ground in percentage, even if it doesn’t translate to a jump in ranking.

Communication tools still have email and Slack on top. They swapped places compared to last year, but the percentages are in a similar range.

Microsoft Teams and Zoom have been blowing up in recent years. Barely anyone used them two years ago, and now they’re nearly as popular as Slack. Both had gained a significant market share by early 2020, and the forced remote environment seems to have propelled them to the top.

Check out the full report to learn about popular version control clients, IDEs and more!

Outsourcing development is a useful tool to handle short- and mid-term capacity challenges without long-term commitment to hiring a team. The number of companies using it each year is increasing compared to previous data .

Only about 14% were explicitly dissatisfied with the results, and most companies found the results of working with contractors satisfactory.

Hiring software engineers

Hiring developers is a top challenge in the software world, certainly the most pressing challenge for managers by far.

Hiring methods haven’t changed significantly, but there seem to be some emerging trends.

Employee referrals are still the most popular, but by a slightly decreasing margin. On the other hand, hiring via professional connections and LinkedIn seems to have become more popular. It’s worth taking note of, even if it’s too early to say whether this trend is here to stay.

The top hiring criteria have remained largely the same.

Willingness to learn is still on top, but this time only by a small margin. Cultural fit has remained the second most important criteria. Work experience and technical evaluation swapped places, but they’re still close together.

Retaining software engineers

Based on our participants’ experience, employee retention has become more of a challenge in the current remote environment. Overall, the order has remained similar to previous years, but the devil is in the details.

There’s a decreasing reliance on team spirit, which may be a direct result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Remote work has reportedly decreased interpersonal interactions and increased turnover, so less reliance on team spirit seems to be a natural evolution.

There’s also less reliance on challenging work, variety of tasks, and an exciting product, even though all of them have remained important.

On the other hand, more explicit ways to increase the quality of life for employees seem to be on the rise. Creating a software engineer career path , increasing pay, and providing extra benefits have scored higher percentages compared to previous years.

When it comes to developer motivation, top performers put more emphasis on:

Team spirit +5%
Challenging work +8%
Career path +7%
Exciting product +10%
Extra benefits +10%
Training +6%

The top performers put roughly equal or slightly less emphasis on everything else. Based on this, the biggest difference in motivating developers between the top and average performing companies seems to be that the top performers pay attention to more aspects.

Performance management

Performance metrics in software engineering.

Performance management starts with measuring performance.

The top two metrics are working software and completed tasks for both top and average performers, but more top performers put emphasis on them.

The biggest difference is that top performers focus more on code readability. This requires no explanation; higher quality code is easier to maintain and adjust later, so tech debt affects it less.

Average performers are more likely to not use any metrics or use a metric like lines of code written.

Cause of delivery problems

In the cause of delivery problems, there are a number of small differences between top and average performers. Top performers are more likely to emphasize issues like:

Unrealistic expectations
Lack of well-defined success criteria
Prioritization

Average performers are more likely to face more fundamental challenges like:

Lack of clearly defined deliverables
Lack of budget
Lack of experience
Missing key skills

Engineering managers and software engineers have different perspectives on delivery problems.

Managers are more concerned with:

Engineers, on the other hand, are far more concerned with:

Prioritizing requirements
Lack of team experience

Much of this is a natural result of the job. However, allocating more effort to the concerns of engineers may be a winning strategy for managers actively trying to turn around an underachieving engineering team .

Conclusion and partners

This blog post only features a small part of the data from the State of Software Development 2021 report.

We’re excited to keep publishing this report every year and seeing how the continuously changing trends shape the industry as a whole.

If you want to see the full report, follow this link to download it.

Promoting the State of Software Development 2021 survey was a community effort. We wouldn’t have been able to do it without the help of our awesome partners:

GitKraken Git GUI
CooperPress
Level-up Engineering
ServerlessGuru

Let's build awesome things together 🚀

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Software engineering and programming languages

Software engineering and programming language researchers at Google study all aspects of the software development process, from the engineers who make software to the languages and tools that they use.

About the team

We are a collection of teams from across the company who study the problems faced by engineers and invent new technologies to solve those problems. Our teams take a variety of approaches to solve these problems, including empirical methods, interviews, surveys, innovative tools, formal models, predictive machine learning modeling, data science, experiments, and mixed-methods research techniques. As our engineers work within the largest code repository in the world, the solutions need to work at scale, across a team of global engineers and over 2 billion lines of code.

We aim to make an impact internally on Google engineers and externally on the larger ecosystem of software engineers around the world.

Research areas

Software Engineering
Software Systems

Team focus summaries

Developer tools.

Google provides its engineers’ with cutting edge developer tools that operate on codebase with billions of lines of code. The tools are designed to provide engineers with a consistent view of the codebase so they can navigate and edit any project. We research and create new, unique developer tools that allow us to get the benefits of such a large codebase, while still retaining a fast development velocity.

Developer Inclusion and Diversity

We aim to understand diversity and inclusion challenges facing software developers and evaluate interventions that move the needle on creating an inclusive and equitable culture for all.

Developer Productivity

We use both qualitative and quantitative methods to study how to make engineers more productive. Google uses the results of these studies to improve both our internal developer tools and processes and our external offerings for developers on GCP and Android.

Program Analysis and Refactoring

We build static and dynamic analysis tools that find and prevent serious bugs from manifesting in both Google’s and third-party code. We also leverage this large-scale analysis infrastructure to refactor Google’s code at scale.

Machine Learning for Code

We apply deep learning to Google’s large, well-curated codebase to automatically write code and repair bugs.

Programming Language Design and Implementation

We design, evaluate, and implement new features for popular programming languages like Java, C++, and Go through their standards’ processes.

Automated Software Testing and Continuous Integration

We design, implement and evaluate tools and frameworks to automate the testing process and integrate tests with the Google-wide continuous integration infrastructure.

Highlighted project

Software engineering at Google: Lessons Learned from Programming Over Time

A book on how Google manages an ultra-large scale, living codebase that evolves and responds to changing requirements and demands over time.

Why Google Stores Billions of Lines of Code in a Single Repository

Presentation at the @Scale conference in 2015 on why Google stores all the code in a single codebase and the tools we have created to manage it.

Keeping two billion lines of code moving forward

Keeping 2 billion lines of code moving forward

Presentation at the @Scale conference in 2017 on how we keep velocity up in a large scale codebase.

2019 Accelerate State of DevOps Report

Industry-standard report that to helps teams and organizations benchmark themselves against the industry and identify key capabilities to become high performers.

Error Prone

Google’s standard static analysis tool for Java and the foundation for our refactoring infrastructure. We use a data-driven approach to refine checks and develop new ones. We describe the development of one such check (and some of the challenges we faced for large-scale deployment) in our publication “Detecting argument selection defects” (OOPSLA 2017).

Featured publications

Some of our locations.

San Francisco Bay Area

Seattle & Kirkland

Some of our people

Andrew Macvean

Human-Computer Interaction and Visualization

Caitlin Sadowski

Data Management

Charles Sutton

Machine Intelligence
Natural Language Processing

Ciera Jaspan

Domagoj Babic

Algorithms and Theory
Distributed Systems and Parallel Computing

Emerson Murphy-Hill

Franjo Ivancic

Security, Privacy and Abuse Prevention

Kathryn S. McKinley

Hardware and Architecture

Marko Ivanković

Martín Abadi

Hans-Juergen Boehm

Hyrum Wright

Lisa Nguyen Quang Do

Danny Tarlow

Petros Maniatis

Mobile Systems

Albert Cohen

Kaiyuan Wang

Dustin C Smith

Harini Sampath

Phitchaya Mangpo

We're always looking for more talented, passionate people.

Publications
News and Events
Education and Outreach

Software Engineering Institute

Cite this post.

AMS Citation

Carleton, A., Robert, J., Klein, M., and Harper, E., 2021: Software Engineering as a Strategic Advantage: A National Roadmap for the Future. Carnegie Mellon University, Software Engineering Institute's Insights (blog), Accessed March 30, 2024, https://insights.sei.cmu.edu/blog/software-engineering-as-a-strategic-advantage-a-national-roadmap-for-the-future/.

APA Citation

Carleton, A., Robert, J., Klein, M., & Harper, E. (2021, November 15). Software Engineering as a Strategic Advantage: A National Roadmap for the Future. Retrieved March 30, 2024, from https://insights.sei.cmu.edu/blog/software-engineering-as-a-strategic-advantage-a-national-roadmap-for-the-future/.

Chicago Citation

Carleton, Anita, John Robert, Mark Klein, and Erin Harper. "Software Engineering as a Strategic Advantage: A National Roadmap for the Future." Carnegie Mellon University, Software Engineering Institute's Insights (blog) . Carnegie Mellon's Software Engineering Institute, November 15, 2021. https://insights.sei.cmu.edu/blog/software-engineering-as-a-strategic-advantage-a-national-roadmap-for-the-future/.

IEEE Citation

A. Carleton, J. Robert, M. Klein, and E. Harper, "Software Engineering as a Strategic Advantage: A National Roadmap for the Future," Carnegie Mellon University, Software Engineering Institute's Insights (blog) . Carnegie Mellon's Software Engineering Institute, 15-Nov-2021 [Online]. Available: https://insights.sei.cmu.edu/blog/software-engineering-as-a-strategic-advantage-a-national-roadmap-for-the-future/. [Accessed: 30-Mar-2024].

BibTeX Code

@misc{carleton_2021, author={Carleton, Anita and Robert, John and Klein, Mark and Harper, Erin}, title={Software Engineering as a Strategic Advantage: A National Roadmap for the Future}, month={Nov}, year={2021}, howpublished={Carnegie Mellon University, Software Engineering Institute's Insights (blog)}, url={https://insights.sei.cmu.edu/blog/software-engineering-as-a-strategic-advantage-a-national-roadmap-for-the-future/}, note={Accessed: 2024-Mar-30} }

Software Engineering as a Strategic Advantage: A National Roadmap for the Future

Anita Carleton , John E. Robert , Mark H. Klein , and Erin Harper

November 15, 2021, published in.

Software Engineering Research and Development

This post has been shared 6 times.

Imagine it’s 2035. All of us have become increasingly dependent on ever larger and more complex software-reliant systems. How confident are we that these systems are going to function in the ways that we want? We’re entrusting them with our lives. Will they be predictable, maintainable, and safe? These kinds of questions are critical because we live in an age of software-enabled transformation. Software, and all the software engineering processes, practices, technologies and the scientific domains that support it, increasingly make everything in our world possible. Yet, as we ask more and more from these software systems and stack them with more and more capabilities, we may be creating an increasingly fragile infrastructure that will not be able to support the demands that come with future systems.

As a federally funded research center for the Department of Defense (DoD), we at the SEI research complex software engineering, cybersecurity, and AI engineering problems; create and test innovative technologies; and transition maturing solutions into practice. Consequently, we felt it was imperative to orchestrate the creation of a National Agenda for Software Engineering study , which has just been published, to identify which technologies and areas of research are most critical for enabling these future systems. As this blog post details, the resulting report and roadmap are intended to guide the research efforts of the software engineering community. As we developed this roadmap, we asked ourselves, “How do we ensure that future software systems will be safe, predictable, and evolvable?”

The Future of Software Engineering: A Guiding Vision and a Look at Possible Scenarios

Our guiding vision for the future, which we further describe in the findings of the report, is one in which the current notion of the software development pipeline is replaced by one where humans and software are trustworthy collaborators that rapidly evolve systems based on programmer intent. We explore how that might look in some scenarios we’ve imagined for the report (see page 19), and I want to include a few of those here because I think they point toward an exciting future.

For example, consider this scenario: The days of endless requirements and design reviews are gone. A joint team of aeronautical engineers, pilots, and software engineers together design the next space-capable craft by pitching ideas, which are turned into viable designs based on access to extensive codified knowledge about cyber-physical systems, as well as the limitations of physics. These designs are displayed in real time, and the team compares defensive and maneuverability capabilities on the fly using real-time simulations of representative missions. The final design is selected based on the most desirable balance of cost, capabilities, and timeline. Today’s notion of a software development lifecycle might seem almost archaic compared to this fluid, iterative process.

“Elegant software” will no longer refer to clever code, but will rather be the result as humans work with automated and AI systems to implement the best ideas humans can imagine in the most timely, affordable, ethical, and secure ways. Who can “program” and create complex systems will naturally expand as well. Our conversations with computers will take place in the language of our domains, with computational biologists, for example, developing software capabilities by talking about sequencing and genes, not by learning Python. Specialists of all types will be needed to inform the computer properly, and how they interact will look significantly different than it does today.

The use of simulation may turn today’s entire notion of test and evaluation into an immersive experience. Imagine that a new hardware configuration and software capabilities are planned for a series of space assets. In a fully immersive virtual reality environment, the changes are emulated with the full telemetry of the current assets feeding the environment. Engineers can view the new space configuration from any vantage point, and not only in a visual range. All the available data and metadata from the current environment is also presented in real time. Where the desired effect is not what was anticipated, the engineer makes changes and immediately sees the impact on the holistic space environment. Moreover, dozens or more additional engineers are observing and manipulating the same environment in a shared experience. Communication between the engineers, enabled by many types of media, and a shared decision process assure that the system as a whole has no unintended or undesired emergent behavior. This same environment will be used once the change is made to support operator training and real-time mission rehearsal.

Once deployed, systems will also be much more adaptable and integrated. Consider a scenario that involves a special forces team on a deployment, and imagine a firefight breaks out. The squad is caught off guard, communications have been disrupted, and they’re unsure of the weapons being used against them. Fortunately, they are teaming with a set of micro unmanned aircraft systems that proactively set up a mesh network using alternate communications channels to re-establish contact with headquarters. Once that network is established, the squad directs the devices to observe and profile the weapons on the battlefield covertly and provide mitigation options while they take cover. As a result, they are not only able to overcome the novel threat locally but also feed their real-time experience to other units at the tactical edge that could be at risk. To make this scenario a reality, software engineers will need to design architectures that are nimble and allow adjustments to systems based on data from operational sensors and other input from users in the field.

While the exact roles that intelligent algorithms and humans will have remains to be determined, the importance of software engineering to our vision is clear. As software engineers continually interact with smart software assistants, computers and humans will be able to do what they both do best. Working in this way, possibilities that we cannot even imagine today will become reality. The research in this report provides the essential groundwork for advancing the discipline of software engineering to ensure that the necessary framework is in place to maximize the advantages these future opportunities can provide.

To achieve this vision, we anticipate the need for new development and architectural paradigms for engineering future systems.

As discussed in Architecting the Future of Software Engineering: A Research and Development Roadmap , the SEI in close collaboration with our advisory board and other leaders in the software engineering research community, developed a research roadmap with six research focus areas. The following figure shows those areas along with a list of research topics to undertake, and then short descriptions of each of the research focus areas follow.

AFSE_National_Agenda_Software_Engineering_Roadmap

AI-Augmented Software Development. At almost every stage of the software development process, AI holds the promise of assisting humans. By relieving humans of tedious tasks, they will be better able to focus on tasks that require the creativity and innovation that only humans can provide. To reach this important goal, we need to re-envision the entire software development process with increased AI and automation tool support for developers. A key challenge will be taking advantage of the data generated throughout the lifecycle. The focus of this research area is on what AI-augmented software development will look like at each stage of the development process and during continuous evolution, where AI will be particularly useful in taking on routine tasks.

Assuring Continuously Evolving Software Systems. When we consider the software-reliant systems of today, we see that they are not static (or even infrequently updated) engineering artifacts. Instead, they are fluid—meaning that they are expected to undergo almost continuous updates and improvements and be shown to still work. The goal of this research area is therefore to develop a theory and practice of rapid and assured software evolution that enables efficient and bounded re-assurance of continuously evolving systems.

Software Construction through Compositional Correctness . As the scope and scale of software-reliant systems continues to grow and change continuously, the complexity of these systems makes it unrealistic for any one person or group to understand the entire system. It is therefore necessary to integrate (and continually re-integrate) software-reliant systems using technologies and platforms that support the composition of modular components. This is particularly difficult since many of such components are reused from existing elements that were not designed to be integrated or evolved together. The goal of this research area is to create methods and tools that enable the specification and enforcement of composition rules that allow (1) the creation of required behaviors (both functionality and quality attributes) and (2) the assurance of these behaviors.

Engineering AI-enabled Software Systems . AI-enabled systems, which are software-reliant systems that include AI and non-AI components, have some inherently different characteristics than those without AI. However, AI-enabled systems are, above all, a type of software system. These systems share many parallels with the development and sustainment of more conventional software-reliant systems.

This research area focuses on exploring which existing software engineering practices can reliably support the development of AI systems, as well as identifying and augmenting software engineering techniques for the specification, design, architecture, analysis, deployment, and sustainment of systems with AI components.

Engineering Socio-Technical Systems . Societal-scale software systems, such as today’s commercial social media systems, are designed to keep users engaged and often to influence them. A key challenge in engineering societal-scale systems is predicting outcomes of the socially inspired quality attributes that arise when humans are integral components of the system. The goal is to leverage insights from the social sciences to build and evolve societal-scale software systems that consider these attributes.

Engineering Quantum Computing Software Systems . Advances in software engineering for quantum are as important as the hardware advances. The goals of this research area are to first enable current quantum computers to be programmed more easily and reliably, and then enable increasing abstraction as larger, fully fault-tolerant quantum computing systems become available. A key challenge is to eventually fully integrate these types of systems into a unified classical and quantum software development lifecycle.

Research and Enactment Recommendations Catalyze Change

Catalyzing change that advances software engineering will lead to more trustworthy and capable software-reliant systems. The research focus areas shown in Figure 1 led to a set of research recommendations that are necessary to catalyze change, which are followed by enactment recommendations that focus on people, investment, and sustainment are needed.

The following research recommendations address challenges such as the increasing use of AI, assuring changing systems, composing and re-composing systems, and engineering socio-technical and heterogenous systems.

Enable AI as a reliable system capability enhancer . The software engineering and AI communities should join forces to develop a discipline of AI engineering. This should enable the development and evolution of AI-enabled software systems that behave as intended and enable AI to be used as a software engineering workforce multiplier.
Develop a theory and practice for software evolution and re-assurance at scale . The software engineering research community should develop a theory and associated practices for re-assuring continuously evolving software systems. A focal point for this research is an assurance argument, which should be a software engineering artifact equal in importance to a system’s architecture, that ensures small system changes only require incremental re-assurance.
Develop formal semantics for composition technology . The computer science community should focus on the newest generation of composition technology to ensure that technologies such as dependency-injection frameworks preserve semantics through the various levels of abstraction that specify system behavior. This will allow us to reap the benefits of development by composition while achieving predictable runtime behavior.
Mature the engineering of societal-scale socio-technical systems . The software engineering community should collaborate with social science communities to develop engineering principles for socio-technical systems. Theories and techniques from disciplines such as sociology and psychology should be used to discover new design principles for socio-technical systems, which in turn should result in more predictable behavior from societal-scale systems.
Catalyze increased attention on engineering for new computational models, with a focus on quantum-enabled software systems . The software engineering community should collaborate with the quantum computing community to anticipate new architectural paradigms for quantum-enabled computing systems. The focus should be on understanding how the quantum computational model affects all layers of the software stack. The above recommendations focused on scientific and engineering barriers to achieving change. The following enactment recommendations focus on institutional obstacles, including economic, human, and policy barriers.
Ensure investment priority reflects the importance of software engineering as a critical national capability . The strategic role of software engineering in national security and global market competitiveness should be reflected in national research activities, including those undertaken by the U.S. White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) and Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD). These research activities should recognize software engineering research as an investment priority on par with chip manufacturing and AI with benefits to national competitiveness and security. Software engineering grand challenges sponsored by DARPA, the National Science Foundation (NSF), and FFRDCs are also suggested.
Institutionalize ongoing advancement of software engineering research . Sustained advancements in software engineering requires institutionalizing an ongoing review and reinvestment cycle for software engineering research and its impact on software engineering practice. Maintaining national software engineering proficiency requires research funding sources and institutes working with industry and government leaders in the software engineering community to periodically review the state of software engineering.
Develop a strategy for ensuring an effective workforce for the future of software engineering. Currently, software engineering is performed by a broad collection of people with an interdisciplinary skill set not always including formal training in software engineering. Moreover, the nature of software engineering seems to be changing in reaction to the fluid nature of software-reliant systems, We need to better understand the nature of the needed workforce and what to do to foster its growth. The software engineering community, software industry, and academic community should create a strategy for ensuring an effective future software engineering workforce.

Architecting Future Systems Requires Software Engineering Advances

Due to the conceptual nature of software, it continues to grow, without bounds, in capability, complexity, and interconnection. There seems to be no plateau in the advancement of software. To make future software systems safe, predictable, and evolvable, the software engineering community—with sufficient investment from private and public sources—must work together to advance the theory and practice of software engineering strategically to enable the next generation of software-reliant systems.

As the Honorable Heidi Shyu, Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering wrote in our report:

In the future, we will need rapid composition of new capabilities that can operate in a highly contested and denied environment. Integrating heterogeneous systems seamlessly and rapidly will enable us to stay ahead of threats. We will need to exploit the promise of artificial intelligence to increase capability not only in our fielded systems but also in our development systems. This research roadmap should serve as the starting point for a sustained effort to improve software engineering. The DoD will continue to look to the Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute as a leader in improving the state of the art and practice in software engineering.

Additional Resources

Download the study Architecting the Future of Software Engineering: A National Agenda for Software Engineering Research & Development .

Anita Carleton

Author page, digital library publications, send a message.

John E. Robert

Mark H. Klein

Erin Harper

More by the authors, 10 benefits and 10 challenges of applying large language models to dod software acquisition, january 22, 2024 • by john e. robert , douglas schmidt (vanderbilt university), applying generative ai to software engineering: navigating ethical and educational landscapes, december 11, 2023 • by john e. robert , douglas schmidt (vanderbilt university), generative ai q&a: applications in software engineering, november 16, 2023 • by john e. robert , douglas schmidt (vanderbilt university), application of large language models (llms) in software engineering: overblown hype or disruptive change, october 2, 2023 • by ipek ozkaya , anita carleton , john e. robert , douglas schmidt (vanderbilt university), join the sei and white house ostp to explore the future of software and ai engineering, may 30, 2023 • by anita carleton , john e. robert , mark h. klein , douglas schmidt (vanderbilt university) , erin harper, more in software engineering research and development, applying the sei sbom framework, february 5, 2024 • by carol woody, the latest work from the sei, january 15, 2024 • by douglas schmidt (vanderbilt university), the top 10 blog posts of 2023, january 8, 2024 • by douglas schmidt (vanderbilt university), get updates on our latest work..

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Graphic showing the diverse elements of software development from creating, analyzing, securing to deploying solutions

Software development refers to a set of computer science activities that are dedicated to the process of creating, designing, deploying, and supporting software.

Software itself is the set of instructions or programs that tell a computer what to do. It is independent of hardware and makes computers programmable. There are three basic types:

System software to provide core functions such as operating systems, disk management, utilities, hardware management and other operational necessities.

Programming software to give programmers tools such as text editors, compilers, linkers, debuggers, and other tools to create code.

Application software (applications or apps) to help users perform tasks. Office productivity suites, data management software, media players and security programs are examples. Applications also refer to web and mobile applications like those used to shop on Amazon.com, socialize with Facebook or post pictures to Instagram. 1

A possible fourth type is embedded software . Embedded systems software is used to control machines and devices not typically considered computers — telecommunications networks, cars, industrial robots and more. These devices, and their software, can be connected as part of the Internet of Things (IoT). 2

Software development is primarily conducted by programmers, software engineers and software developers. These roles interact and overlap, and the dynamics between them vary greatly across development departments and communities.

Programmers, or coders , write source code to program computers for specific tasks like merging databases, processing online orders, routing communications, conducting searches, or displaying text and graphics. Programmers typically interpret instructions from software developers and engineers and use programming languages like C++ or Java to carry them out.

Software engineers apply engineering principles to build software and systems to solve problems. They use modeling language and other tools to devise solutions that can often be applied to problems in a general way, as opposed to merely solving for a specific instance or client. Software engineering solutions adhere to the scientific method and must work in the real world, as with bridges or elevators. Their responsibility has grown as products have become increasingly intelligent with the addition of microprocessors, sensors, and software. Not only are more products relying on software for market differentiation, but their software development must be coordinated with the product’s mechanical and electrical development work.

Software developers have a less formal role than engineers and can be closely involved with specific project areas — including writing code. At the same time, they drive the overall software development lifecycle — including working across functional teams to transform requirements into features, manage development teams and processes, and conduct software testing and maintenance. 3

The work of software development isn’t confined to coders or development teams. Professionals such as scientists, device fabricators and hardware makers also create software code even though they are not primarily software developers. Nor is it confined to traditional information technology industries such as software or semiconductor businesses. In fact, according to the Brookings Institute (link resides outside ibm.com), those businesses “account for less than half of the companies performing software development.”

An important distinction is custom software development as opposed to commercial software development. Custom software development is the process of designing, creating, deploying, and maintaining software for a specific set of users, functions, or organizations. In contrast, commercial off-the-shelf software (COTS) is designed for a broad set of requirements, allowing it to be packaged and commercially marketed and distributed.

Read how desktop as a service (DaaS) enables enterprises to achieve the same level of performance and security as deploying the applications on premises.

Developing software typically involves the following steps:

Selecting a methodology to establish a framework in which the steps of software development are applied. It describes an overall work process or roadmap for the project. Methodologies can include Agile development, DevOps, Rapid Application Development (RAD), Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe), Waterfall, and others.
Gathering requirements to understand and document what is required by users and other stakeholders.
Choosing or building an architecture as the underlying structure within which the software will operate.
Developing a design around solutions to the problems presented by requirements, often involving process models and storyboards.
Building a model with a modeling tool that uses a modeling language like SysML or UML to conduct early validation, prototyping, and simulation of the design.
Constructing code in the appropriate programming language. Involves peer and team review to eliminate problems early and produce quality software faster.
Testing with pre-planned scenarios as part of software design and coding — and conducting performance testing to simulate load testing on the application.
Managing configuration and defects to understand all the software artifacts (requirements, design, code, test) and build distinct versions of the software. Establish quality assurance priorities and release criteria to address and track defects.
Deploying the software for use and responding to and resolving user problems.
Migrating data to the new or updated software from existing applications or data sources if necessary.
Managing and measuring the projec t to maintain quality and delivery over the application lifecycle, and to evaluate the development process with models such as the Capability Maturity Model (CMM).

The steps of the software development process fit into application lifecycle management (ALM). The IBM® Engineering Management solution is a superset of ALM that enables the management of parallel mechanical, electrical, and software development.

Requirements analysis and specification
Design and development
Maintenance and support

Software development process steps can be grouped into the phases of the lifecycle, but the importance of the lifecycle is that it recycles to enable continuous improvement. For example, user issues that surface in the maintenance and support phase can become requirements at the beginning of the next cycle.

Software development is also important because it is pervasive. As IBM vice president and blogger Dibbe Edwards points out: “Software has emerged as a key differentiator in many products — from cars to washing machines to thermostats — with a growing Internet of Things connecting them.”

A few examples:

Soul Machines (link resides outside ibm.com) uses software to create artificial online advisors that improve customer service and efficiency. The advisors have human faces, expressions and voices that react intelligently, empathetically, and efficiently to customer questions and needs. They can answer over 40 percent of customer inquiries without human intervention — and they learn from their interactions to improve over time. Using IBM Watson Assistant to incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities into the development process, Soul Machines can create and roll out an artificial advisor in about 8 to 12 weeks.
“This is a race,” says Erik Bak-Mikkelsen. “We have to keep up with what’s happening in the market.” Bak-Mikkelsen is head of cloud operations at car2go (link resides outside ibm.com). He understands that delivering new features and functions to car2go’s ride-sharing apps and vehicles is key to getting and staying ahead. To do so, car2go moved its development operations to a managed-services cloud and adopted a DevOps development model. The result is accelerated development cycles, faster time to market and the capability to scale for future growth.
Working with electrical power lines can be deadly. To stay safe engineers set electrical “lockouts” using physical tags and padlocks to divert power from work locations. French energy company Enedis (link resides outside ibm.com) worked with IBM Garage for Cloud to develop software that instruments these locks and tags and ties them into a shared network. Tags and locks detect each time that they are removed from an engineer’s van and communicate the time and geo-location. As the engineer attaches the locks, their location is recorded on a digital map. All stakeholders share a view of the map to ensure safety, reduce downtime and facilitate repairs. The IBM Cloud Garage collaborative development approach enabled Enedis to develop field-ready prototypes in three months.

Using software development to differentiate brands and gain competitive advantage requires proficiency with the techniques and technologies that can accelerate software deployment, quality and efficacy.

Artificial intelligence (AI): AI enables software to emulate human decision-making and learning. Neural networks, machine learning, natural language processing and cognitive capabilities present developers and businesses with the opportunity to offer products and services that disrupt marketplaces and leap ahead of the competition. IBM Watson offers developers a way to connect with and use artificial intelligence services as part of their applications through application programming interfaces or APIs . You can also use IBM Watson to improve your product requirements by checking for ambiguity, unclear actors, compound or negative requirements, missing units or tolerances, incomplete requirements, and unspecific quantities.
Cloud-native development: Cloud-native development is a way of building applications to use cloud environments. A cloud-native application consists of discrete, reusable components that are known as microservices that are designed to integrate into any cloud environment. These microservices act as building blocks and are often packaged in containers . Because of this architecture, cloud-native applications can use cloud environments to improve application performance, flexibility, and extensibility .
Cloud-based development: Just as IT organizations look to the cloud to improve resource management and cut costs, so do software development organizations. In this way, the cloud can be used as a fast, flexible, and cost-efficient integrated development environment (IDE) or development Platform as a Service (PaaS) . Cloud-based development environments can support coding, design, integration, testing, and other development functions. They can also offer access to APIs, microservices, DevOps and other development tools, services and expertise.
Blockchain: Blockchain is a secure, digitally linked ledger that eliminates cost and vulnerability that is introduced by parties like banks, regulatory bodies and other intermediaries. It is transforming businesses by freeing capital, accelerating processes, lowering transaction costs and more. Blockchain presents a tremendous opportunity for software development. Developers are working with distributed ledgers and open source Hyperledger (link resides outside ibm.com) technology to change how businesses operate.
Low code: Forrester defines low code as: “Products and/or cloud services for application development that employ visual, declarative techniques instead of programming and are available to customers at low- or no-cost in money and training ...” 4 In short, it’s a development practice that reduces the need for coding and enables noncoders or citizen developers to build or help build applications quickly and at lower cost.
Analytics: Annual demand for data scientists, data developers, and data engineers will reach nearly 700,000 openings by 2020 . The demand signifies how critical it is for companies to gain insight and value from the explosion of data. Accordingly, software developers are integrating advanced analytics capabilities into their applications. Cloud-based services and APIs make it simpler to guide data exploration, automate predictive analytics and create dashboards that deliver new insights and improve decision making.
Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) : In MBSE, software modeling languages are used to perform early prototyping, simulation, and analysis of software designs for early validation. Building designs in MBSE helps you to analyze and elaborate project requirements and move rapidly from design to implementation.
Mobile: A key capability for software developers is creating mobile apps with deep connections to data that enriches and elevates user experiences. Forrester has found that “deeply integrating digital/mobile customer data has a strong effect on how customers interact with brands.”
Agile development breaks requirements into consumable functions and delivers rapidly on those functions through incremental development. A feedback loop helps find and fix defects as functionality continues to deploy.
Capability Maturity Model (CMM) assesses the proficiency of software development processes. It tracks progress from ad hoc actions to defined steps to measured results and optimized processes.
DevOps, a combination of development and operations, is an agile-based approach that brings software development and IT operations together in the design, development, deployment, and support of software.
Rapid application development (RAD) is a nonlinear approach that condenses design and code construction into one interconnected step.
Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe) provides a way to scale agile methodology to a larger software development team or organization.
Waterfall, often considered the traditional software development methodology, is a set of cascading linear steps from planning and requirements gathering through deployment and maintenance.

A proven solution for modeling and design activities that helps you deliver higher-quality software and systems faster.

Advanced software version control, workspace management, which is distributed source control and parallel development support for individuals and teams to improve productivity by automatically tracking changes to artifacts. The software enables a virtually unlimited suspend-and-resume feature to handle work interruptions.

Provides connections between IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management tools and 3rd party tools like Git, GitLib, and GitHub for managing version control of software.

Code, content, community and more.

Meet complex business needs with speed and agility by connecting you software development tools.

Our computer science research today focuses on discovering breakthroughs in automation, information processing, and computation.

IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management (ELM) can help you embrace an end-to-end management approach to your systems and software development. Conquer complexity from design to execution, unite teams through digital thread, leverage modelling and reuse, harness insights from automated reporting, and confidently operate at scale.

1 Software, Techopedia (link resides outside ibm.com)

2 Embedded software, Wikipedia (link resides outside ibm.com)

3 Software Engineer vs. Software Developer – What’s the Difference? Fullstack Academy (link resides outside ibm.com)

4 The Forrester Wave™: Low-Code development Platforms for AD&D Pros, Q4 201 John R. Rymer, Forrester Research, Inc. 23 October, 2017 (link resides outside ibm.com)

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150 Best Research Paper Topics For Software Engineering

Software Engineering is a branch which deals with the creation and improvement of software applications using specific methodologies and clearly defined scientific principles. When developing software products, certain procedures must be followed, the outcome of which is a reliable and reliable software product. Software is a collection of executable code for programs with associated libraries. Software that is designed to meet certain requirements is referred to as a Software Product . This is an excellent subject for a master's thesis, research, or project. There are a variety of topics within Software Engineering which will be useful to M.Tech and other students studying for their masters to write their software thesis.

What is the reason Software Engineering is required?

Software Engineering is necessary due to the frequent shifts in the requirements of users as well as the environment. Through yourch and thesis, you will learn more about the significance of Software Engineering. Here are some other areas in software engineering that are needed:

Big Software: The massive dimension of software makes it necessary for the requirements in software engineering .
Scalability The concept of scaling Software Engineering makes it possible to increase the size of existing software rather than develop brand-new software.
Cost Price Software Engineering also cuts down the manufacturing cost that is incurred during software development.
The dynamic nature of Software - Software Engineering is a crucial factor when the need for new features is to be made in software in place, in the event that the nature of software is fluid.
Better Quality Management - Software Engineering can provide more efficient software development processes to provide superior-high-quality services .

Best Research Paper Topics on Software

Software Engineering Management Unified Software Development Process and Extreme ProgrammingThere are a lot of difficulties with managing the development of software for web-based applications and projects for systems integration that were completed in recent times.
The Blue Sky Software Consulting Company Analysis
Blue Sky Software Consulting Blue Sky Software Consulting company has seen great success over 15 years. The company is not as well-equipped for the current market.
LabVIEW Software: Design Systems of Measurement
LabVIEW is a software program that was created to design systems for measurement. LabVIEW gives you a range of instruments to control the process in an experiment.
Software-producing Firm Reducing Inventory
The link between the reduction in inventory levels and the number of orders is evident. An organization that produces software may think of increasing the amount of software to a lower level.
Moet Hennessy - Louis Vuitton: Enterprise Software
The report will demonstrate how the introduction of ERP will help LVHM Group improve its results by improving its inventories, logistics and accounting.
Virtualization and Software-Defined Networking
The goal of this paper is to analyze the developments in the field of virtualization, software-defined networks and security for networks in the last three years.
Computer Hardware and Software Components
Computers that were developed at the time of the 40s of 1940 have evolved into complex machines that require software and hardware for their operation.
Applications, Software and System Development
The usage the Microsoft Office applications greatly enhance productivity in the classroom as well as at work and during everyday activities at home.
PeopleSoft Inc.'s Software Architecture and Design
With the PIA architecture, any company with an ERP application can access all of its operations through a Web browser.
Co-operative Banking Group's Enterprise Software
The report demonstrates how the implementation of the ERP system within the Co-operative Banking Group will help in improving the company's accounting, inventory and accounting practices as well as logistics processes.
Software Testing: Manual and Automated Web-Application Testing Tools
This research is an empirical study of automated and manual web-based application testing tools to determine the best tool for testing software.
JDA Software Company's Services
JDA Software is a company that has proven its worth in the development of services in areas like manufacturing, wholesale distribution, retailing and travel.
Data Management, Networking and Enterprise Software
Enterprise software is typically developed "in-house" and thus has an inflated cost when contrasted to purchasing the software from another firm.
Software Workshops and Seminars Reflections
Most seminars inspire participants to use their potential as they strive to attain their goals.
The Various Enterprise Resource Planning Software Packages
This paper's purpose is to provide an overview of the various Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software applications that are widely employed by companies to manage their business operations.
Explore Factors in IBM SPSS Statistical Software
The "Explore" or "Explore" command in IBM SPSS generates an output with a variety of stats for a single variable, across the entire sample or in sections of the sample.
Split Variables in IBM SPSS Statistical Software
It is the IBM SPSS software provides an option to split files into groups. The members of cases within groups can be determined by the values of split variables in this particular instance.
Syntax Code Writing in Statistical Software
The process of analyzing quantitative data by using IBM SPSS software package IBM SPSS software package often involves performing a variety of operations to calculate the statistical data for the information.
Data Coding in Statistical Software
Data coding is of utmost importance when a proper analysis of this data has to be conducted. Data coding plays an important function when you need to make use of statistical software.
Software Piracy at Kaspersky Cybersecurity Company
Software piracy is a pressing current issue that is manifested both locally with respect to an individual company and also globally.
Hotjar: Web Analytics Software Difference
This report examines Hotjar, which is a web-based analytics tool that comes with a full set of tools to evaluate. This paper examines its strengths and advantages, as well showing how it can aid in the management of decision-making.
Avast Software: Company Analysis
Avast Software is a globally well-known multinational company that is an industry leader in providing security solutions for both business and individual customers.
Project Failure, Project Planning Fundamentals, and Software Tools and Techniques for Alternative Scheduling
From lack of communication to generally unfavourable working conditions, Projects may fail when managers fail to prepare for their implementation.
Computer Elements such as Hardware and Software
Personal computers are usually different from computers used for business in terms of capabilities and the extent of technology used within the equipment.
Review of a New Framework for Software Reliability Measurement
This study draws upon the in-depth study of the software reliability measurement methods and the suggestion of a fresh foundation for reliability measurement built on the software metrics studied in the work of Amar as well as Rabai.

Good Software Research Topics & Essay Examples

Task Management Software in Organization
The goal of the plan for managing projects is to present the process of creating task management software that can be integrated into the context of the company.
A task management software plan's risk management strategy
The present study introduces us to the techniques for risk identification as well as quality assurance and a control plan and explains their significance.
Computer Software Development and Reality Shows
The growth of software in computers has been at such a fast rate over the last 10 years that it has impacted all aspects of our lives and every fibre of our being.
Scrum - Software Development Process
Digital systems and computerized systems have brought life to many areas. Scrum is a process for software development that guarantees high quality and efficiency.
Distribution of Anti-Virus Software
Numerous new threats are reported every fortnight. Cyberattacks, viruses, and other cyber-related threats are becoming an issue.
Marketing Plan: Innovative Type of Software Product
This paper will create an advertisement plan for the new kind of software, which will help to define the segment of clients and the price and communications platform.
Marketing System of Sakhr Software Co
The principal objective of this paper is to examine the marketing process in the same type of organization, like Sakhr Software Co.
Managing Information of Sakhr Software Co
This paper will examine the ideas of managing information for Sakhr Software, which is a well-known language software firm.
CRM Software in Amazon: Gains
The software for managing customers that Amazon.com developed is, from the beginning, one of the latest technology.
Neurofeedback Software and Technology Comparison
MIDI technology helps make the making of, learning or playing more enjoyable. Mobile phones and computer keyboards for music, computers etc., utilize MIDI.
PeopleSoft Software and HR.net Enterprise Software
With the help of HRIS software, HR employees are able to manage their own benefits updates and make changes, allowing them to take more time to focus on other important tasks.
Business Applications: Revelation HelpDesk by Yellow Fish Software
"Revelation HelpDesk" is an online Tracking and Support Software that facilitates seamless coordination to occur between the most important divisions within an organization.
3D signal editing methods and editing software for stereoscopic movies
3D editing for movies is one of the newest trends and is among the most complex processes in the modern film industry.
ERP Software in Inventory Management
Management of inventory ERP applications will be useful when a business has to manage the manner in which it gets goods and cleans up the merchandise.
The Capabilities of Compiere Software and How Well It Fits Into Different Industries
It is the ERP software Compiere can be used by a wide variety of users, including governments, businesses as well as non-governmental organizations (NGOs).
Software Tools for Qualitative Research
This paper reviews software tools to solve complicated tasks in the analysis of data. The paper compares NVivo, HyperRESEARCH, and Dedoose.
Data Scientist and Software Development
Data scientists convert data into insights, giving elaborate guidance to those who use the data to make educated decisions and take action.
IPR Violations in Software Development
The copyright law protects only the declaration but not the software concept. It prohibits copying code from the source without asking permission.
Health IT: Epic Software Analysis
Implementation and adoption of Health IT systems are crucial to improve the efficiency of medical practices, efficiency of workflow as well as patient outcomes.
Agile Software Development Process
The agile process for software development offers numerous benefits, such as the speedy and continuous execution of your project.
Project Management Software and Tools Comparison
The software is used by managers to ensure that there isn't any worker who is receiving more work than others and also to ensure that no worker is falling behind in their job.
Visually impaired people: challenges in Assistive Technology Software
Blind people suffer from a number of disadvantages each day while using digital technology. The various types of software and software discussed in this paper have been specifically designed to help improve the lives of blind people.
WBS completion and software project management
The PERT's results resulted in the development of The Gantt chart. This essay provides an account of the method of working with the Gantt chart.
International Software Development's Ethical Challenges: User-Useful Software
The importance of ethics is when it comes to software development. It helps the creator to create software that will be useful for the user as well as the management.
Achieving the Optimal Process. Software Development
The industry of software development is growing rapidly as the requirements of users change. This requires applications to meet these needs.

Innovative Software to Blog About

System Software: Analysis of Various Types of System Software
The paper provides opinions on the various system softwares using their strengths and weaknesses from the personal experiences of the creator.
Sakhr Software Co.'s Marketing System
The principal goal of this paper is to study the uniqueness of the system of marketing in such an organization as Sakhr Software Co from Kuwait, which specializes in NLP.
Program Code in Assembly Language Using Easy68K Software
A typical scenario is described in the report to write program code in assembly language with Easy68K software. The appropriate tests were carried out with success and outputs.
Benefits and Drawbacks of Agile Software Development Techniques
The use of agile methodologies in the software development process contributes to the improvement of work as well as the effectiveness of performance.
The use of agile methodologies in the development of software contributes to the efficiency of work and efficiency of performance.
Large Scale Software Development
This report gives information on this Resource Scheduling project. It can be useful to an advisory firm that offers various types of resources.
Penguin Sleuth, a Forensic Software Tool
The primary goal of this paper is to examine the various tools for forensic analysis and also provide a comprehensive overview of the functions available for each tool or tool pack.
System Software: Computer System Management
Computer software comprises precise preprogrammed instructions that regulate and coordinate hardware components of the computer.
Ethical Issues Involved in Software Project Management
Ethics within IT have been proven to be very different from other areas of ethics. Ethics issues in IT are usually described as having little.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Software Suites
Computer software comprises specific preprogrammed commands that control and coordinate computer hardware components of an info system.
Descriptive Statistics Using SPSS Software Suite
This paper focuses on the process of producing the descriptive statistical analysis by using SPSS. The purpose of this article is to make use of SPSS to perform an analysis of descriptive data.
Software Development: Creating a Prototype
The aim of this article is to develop an experimental software program that can be utilized to aid breast cancer patients.
Software Engineering and Methodologies
The paper explains how the author learned the software engineering process and methods as an outcome of his experiences at BTR IT Consulting Company.
Information System Hardware and Software
Information technology covers a wide variety of applications in which computer software, along with hardware, is employed.
Software Development Project Using Agile Methods
The report will provide reasons behind why the agile methodology was chosen, the method used, how the team applied this methodology, and also the lessons learned from the massive project of software development.
Flight Planning Software and Aircraft Incidents
Software for flight planning refers to programs utilized to control and manage flights and other procedures while the plane is in flight.
Hardware and Software Systems and Criminal Justice
One of the primary techniques used to decrease the chance of criminal activity is crime mapping. This involves collecting information on crimes and their causes and then analyzing it in order to identify issues.
Why Open-Source Software Will (Or Will Not) Soon Dominate the Field of Database Management Tools
The research aims to determine whether open-source software will rule the field of the database since there is an evolution in the market for business.
Business HRM Software and the Affordable Care Act
The Affordable Care Act has its strengths but also flaws. The reason is the complex nature of the law that creates a variety of challenges.
Antivirus Software Ensuring Security Online
Although it's not perfect and fragmentary, it can be seen as a supplement and not the sole instrument; antivirus software will help protect one's privacy online.
Evaluating Teaching Instructional Software for 21st-Century Technology Resources
The software for teaching Joe Rock and Friends Book 2 is designed for third-grade students who are studying English as an additional language to read and learn new vocabulary.
Britam Insurance Company's Sales and Marketing Management Software
Britam Insurance Company needs to implement the latest marketing and management software in order to keep its place at the forefront of the extremely competitive insurance market.
Software Programs: Adobe Illustrator
With Adobe Illustrator, users can quickly and precisely create various products, like logos, icons as well as drawings.
Strawberry Business: Software Project Management
Although the company has an established management strategy as well as a team of employees and efficient information systems, it lacks a standardized workplace culture and customer relations systems.
Value of Salesforce Software Using VRIO Model
Salesforce CRM software is created to help managers manage their businesses effectively. It connects all teams and managers and collects and manages customer information.
Agile software development, as well as popular variations like Scrum, are the foundation for the work of a variety of testers and developers. No matter what team or method you're currently using, you can get expert guidance on process structure and the skills required to use Lean, Agile, DevOps, Waterfall and more to help you implement it for your business.

Most Interesting Software Research Titles

What Are the Essential Attributes of Good Software?
How Computer Software Can Be Used as a Tool for Education
Accounting Software and Application Software
Online National Polling Software Requirements Specification
Building Their Software for a Company's Success
The Role of Antivirus Software in Protecting Your Computer Data
Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation and Software Technologies
Software Piracy and the Canadian Piracy Act
For the development of software projects, agile methodologies and their Waterscrumfall derivative are used.
Software Tools for Improving Underground Mine Access Layouts
How Software Can Support Academic Librarians' Changing Role
Using the Untangle Software to Overcome Obstacles for Small Businesses
By employing travel portal software, online booking sales will increase.
Analysis of Network Externality and Commercial Software Piracy
Accounting Software and Business Solutions
Analysis of Key Issues and Effects Relating to International Software Piracy
The Distinction Between Computer Science and Software Engineering
Modulation: Computer Software and Unknown Music Virus
Math Software for High School Students with Disabilities
Keyboarding Software Packages: Analysis and Purchase Recommended
Basic Software Development Life Cycle
India's Problems with Software Patents, Copyright, and Piracy
Why Has India Been Able to Build a Thriving Software Industry
Does Social Software Increase Labour Productivity
The Role of Open Source Software for Database Servers

Simple Software Essay Ideas

Human Capital and the Indian Software Industry
Input-Output Computer Windows Software
Business Software Development and Its Implementation
Evaluating Financial Management Software: Quicken Software
Which governance tools are important in Africa for combating software piracy?
Distinguish Between Proprietary Software and Off-The-Shelf
Does Social Software Support Service Innovation
Ambulatory Revenue Management Software
Difference Between Operating Systems and Application Software
Leading a Global Insurgency in the Software Sector are China and India
Call Accounting Software for Every Enterprise
Technology Standards for Software Outsourcing
The Importance of the Agile Approach for Software Development
Application Software: Publisher, Word, and Excel
Employee Monitoring Through Computer Software
Software Development Lifecycle and Testing's Importance
Tools for Global Conditional Policy to Combat Software Piracy
Software for Designing Solar Water Heating Systems
Open Source Software, Competition, and Potential Entry
Indian Software Industry: Gains are distorted and consolidated
Software Programs for Disabled Computer Users and Assistive Technology
Agile Software Architecture, Written by Christine Miyachi
Software Development: The Disadvantages of Agile Methods
Computer Software Technology for Early Childhood
Developing Test Automation Software Development

Easy Software Essay Topics

Growth Trends, Barriers, and Government Initiatives in the Indian Software Industry
How Does Enterprise Software Enable a Business to Use
Integrated Management Software the Processing of Information
Computer Software Training for Doctor's Office
Software Intellectual Property Rights and Venture Capitalist Access
Computer Science Software Specification
Software Projects and Student Software Risk Exposure
Why It Is Difficult to Create Software for Wireless Devices
Affiliate Tracking Software Your Payment Options
How Can Volkswagen Recover From the Cheating Issues It Had Because Illegal Software Was Installed?
Principles of Best Forensic Software Tool
The American Software Industry: A Historical Analysis
How Peripheral Developers Contribute to the Development of Open-Source Software
Agile Methodologies for Software Development
Key Macroeconomic Factors That Affect Software Industry
The Software Industry and India's Economic Development
Improving Customer Service Through Help Desk Software
Enterprise Resource Planning and Sap Software
Antivirus Software and Its Importance
Hardware and Software Used in Public Bank
The Effects of Computer Software Piracy on the Global Economy
Using the Winqsb Software in Critical Path Analysis
General Information About Interactive Multimedia-Based Educational Software
How Affiliate Tracking Software Can Benefit You
Computer Software and Recent Technologies

Frequently asked questions

What are the main topics of software engineering .

software development.

Introduction
Models and architecture for software development
Project management for software (SPM)
Software prerequisites
Testing and debugging software

What makes good research in software engineering ?

The most typical research strategy in software engineering is coming up with a novel method or methodology, validating it through analysis, or demonstrating its application through a case study;

What projects are good for software engineering ?

monitoring of Android tasks.
Analyzing attitudes to rate products
ATM with a fingerprint-based method.
a modern system for managing employees.
Using the AES technique for image encryption.
vote-by-fingerprint technology.
system for predicting the weather

What are the research methods in software engineering ?

We list and contrast the five categories of research methodology that, in our opinion, are most pertinent to software engineering: controlled experiments (including quasi-experiments); case studies (both exploratory and confirmatory); survey research; ethnographies; action research; and controlled experiments.

Is software engineering a research area ?

A relatively recent area of research, software engineering is derived from computer science. Its significance has been generally acknowledged by more and more academics in the field of computers throughout the course of six decades, from 1948 to the present, and it has developed into a vibrant and promising division of the computing profession.

Is software engineering easy ?

Yes, learning software engineering can be challenging at first, especially for those without programming or coding experience or any background in technology. However, numerous courses, tools, and other resources are available to assist with learning how to become a software engineer.

Who is the father of software engineering ?

The "father of software quality," Watts S. Humphrey, was an American software engineering pioneer who lived in Battle Creek, Michigan (U.S.) from July 4, 1927, to October 28, 2010.

What do you do in software engineering ?

roles and tasks for software engineers
creating and keeping up software systems.
testing and evaluating new software applications.
software speed and scalability optimization.
code creation and testing.
consulting with stakeholders such as clients, engineers, security experts, and others.

Which is better it or software engineering ?

IT support engineers cannot build sophisticated solutions, while software engineers can. In a word, they are in charge of creating and putting into use software. Knowing the distinctions makes it easier to choose the right individual to handle our tech-related problems.

Are junior software engineers in demand ?

Yes, there is a need for young coders.

Is software engineering going down ?

Software experts and software goods are oversaturating the job market for software engineers.

What degree do I need to be a software engineer ?

undergraduate degree

Can I be a software engineer without a degree ?

Many software developers lack a degree from a reputable university (or, in some circumstances, none at all).

How many years can a software engineer work ?

An engineer who wants to work in IT has a 15–20 year window.

How many hours do software engineers work ?

Software developers put in 8 to 9 hours each day, or 40 to 45 hours per week.

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List of Web Development Research Topics

Development of an inventory management system for better management of products in a retail store

Description of the topic

Retail organizations often face the problem of managing their inventories and they are not able to track the product throughout the entire supply chain (Oladele, Ogundokun, Adegun, Adeniyi and Ajanaku, 2021). The manual tracking of multiple products within the inventory is a difficult task and the inappropriate management of inventories in retail organizations often results in overstocking and understocking of products (Zhao and Tu, 2021). This problem often leads to poor performance of manufacturing KPIs of the organization. Considering this problem, an inventory management system is developed in this research for tracking every product within the company until it gets sold.

Research Objectives

To identify the issues faced by retail organizations related to inventory management.
To develop a web-based inventory management system for real-time tracking of the products within the store.
To test the functionality of the system to ensure its proper functioning and reliability.

Research Questions

RQ: Does the inventory management system help the retail organization in keeping track of its products and in enhancing its inventory management processes?

Research Methodology

This research can be conducted using the agile software development methodology in which the project can be completed in different phases. Web technologies such as HTML, JavaScript and CSS can be used for the development of inventory management systems. HTML and CSS can be used for designing the interface of the system while the system can be developed using Javascript.

Oladele, T.O., Ogundokun, R.O., Adegun, A.A., Adeniyi, E.A. and Ajanaku, A.T., 2021. Development of an inventory management system using association rules. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 21(3), pp.1868-1876 .
Zhao, B. and Tu, C., 2021. Research and development of inventory management and human resource management in ERP. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2021, pp.1-12.
Saha, E. and Ray, P.K., 2019. Modeling and analysis of inventory management systems in healthcare: A review and reflections. Computers & Industrial Engineering , 137, p.106051.

Development of 3D game snakes and ladder using unity

Games are an effective way for users of any age category to entertain themselves and let their minds get diverted from stressful daily activities. Snakes and ladder is a popular game that has been played by everyone whether online or offline (Comber, Motschnig, Mayer and Haselberger, 2019). But, the 2D version of the game has been outdated and users these days are attracted towards 3D games because of better gameplay and graphics (Kim, et al, 2014). The existing 2D version of the snakes and ladders game has been losing its popularity because of the increasing trend of 3D games. Thus, in this research, a 3D snakes and ladders game is developed using Unity.

To develop a 3D snakes and ladders game providing enhanced graphics and gameplay.
To test the game against multiple measures such as user-friendliness, response time etc.

RQ1: Does the introduction of 3D games have helped in enhancing the experience and gameplay of modern games?

RQ2: How does the Unity development platform help in the development of enhanced 3D games and in enhancing the gameplay of the conventional snakes and ladders game?

Agile software development methodology can be used for this research in which the project can be completed in multiple phases. The designing and development of the game can be done using the Unity Development platform for enhanced 3D animations and interfaces. Multiple testing processes can be performed during the research such as usability testing, code functionality testing, performance testing etc.

Comber, O., Motschnig, R., Mayer, H. and Haselberger, D., 2019, April. Engaging students in computer science education through game development with unity. In 2019 IEEE global engineering education conference (education) (pp. 199-205). IEEE.
Kim, S.L., et al, 2014, March. Using Unity 3D to facilitate mobile augmented reality game development. In 2014 IEEE World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT) (pp. 21-26). IEEE.

Managing the attendance of remote employees with an attendance management system

Business organizations have continued to allow their employees to work from home even after the threat of Covid 19 has reduced. This has helped them in saving the extra expenses they used to spend on offline management of the employees in the office and also has increased productivity with flexible working hours. But, the management of the attendance of remote workers is a concern for the companies as they are not able to check whether the employee is working or not. Considering this problem, a web-based system is proposed in this research which can help the organizations in detecting whether the employee is online or not automatically and can mark their attendance.

To identify the current issues related to the attendance management of remote employees through literature-based analysis.
To provide a technological solution for automated management of the attendance of remote employees.
To test the functionalities of the system with the white box testing technique.

RQ: How can the web-based solution help business organizations in enhancing and automate their attendance management processes?

Software development methodologies are used for such research projects and multiple methodologies can be used for this research such as agile, waterfall etc. Considering the complexity of the attendance management system development project, an agile software development methodology would be suitable under which the project can be divided into multiple phases and testing of the progress can be done after every phase to ensure the quality of the end product. White box testing can be used for testing the functionality of the attendance management system.

Development of library management system

Management of the issuing and returning process of books in a library is a time-consuming and hectic task. It is difficult to keep track of the issued books, their return date, the transactions etc. manually because of the high chances of human errors and loss of records (Shaw and De Sarkar, 2021). Thus, a web-based solution is proposed in this research for the better management of these tasks within a library. With this system, the key privacy issues of security, data loss, and human errors can be eliminated and the records can be managed appropriately (Deng. and Xie, 2018).

To identify the limitations of manual management of library records.
To provide a web-based solution for better management of library records.
To provide a secure and reliable solution for the appropriate management of records within a library.

RQ1: What are the limitations of manual management of library records?

RQ2: How does the web-based solution can help in enhancing the library management processes?

A suitable software methodology can be selected for conducting this research successfully. The library management system can be developed using agile software development methodology in which seven different phases of the development process can be completed- Planning, requirement analysis, designing, development, testing and maintenance. Requirements can be gathered by resting the user stories, personas and fictional scenarios while the designing and development can be done using the web technologies such as HTML, CSS and Javascript.

Shaw, J.N. and De Sarkar, T., 2021. A cloud-based approach to library management solutions for college libraries. Information Discovery and Delivery , 49(4), pp.308-318.
Deng, S.T. and Xie, C., 2018, September. Design and research of mobile phone library management system in a private university based on asp. net. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1087, No. 6, p. 062029). IOP Publishing.

Development of a web application allowing customers to review the latest movies

There are several video streaming platforms available these days where the latest movies and shows are available to watch customers. But, it is difficult for users to decide which show they should watch because of the multiple options on these platforms (Harer and Kadam, 2014). Considering this issue, a web application is developed during this research in which the users can be able to view the ratings and reviews of the latest movie or show on different platforms such as IMDB, Rotten tomatoes etc. (You, Lee and Kim, 2016) The users can also be allowed to share their reviews regarding the movie after watching it on the video streaming platforms.

To build a platform for the users to share their opinions regarding the movies or shows with other users.
To use the web technologies such as HTML, CSS and Javascript to develop a web-based application for posting movie reviews.

RQ: How can the web-based movie review application be helpful for users in obtaining and sharing the reviews of any latest movie or show?

The web-based application for movie reviews can be developed using agile software development methodology and the web technologies that can be used for the development are HTML, CSS for web designing, Javascript for web development and SQL for database development.

Harer, S. and Kadam, S., 2014. Sentiment classification and feature-based summarization of movie reviews in the mobile environment. International Journal of Computer Applications, 100(1), pp.30-35.
You, Y.S., Lee, S. and Kim, J., 2016, October. Design and development of visualization tools for a movie review and sentiment analysis. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Emerging Databases: Technologies, Applications, and Theory (pp. 117-123).

Mobile application development for fitness activities

An unhealthy lifestyle and an unhealthy body are home to several dangerous diseases and this is the reason the prevalence of obesity is increasing day by day. Fitness applications these days track the daily activities of people, their steps, calories etc. but do not provide any health tips for appropriate fitness activities that can help people in keeping their bodies fit (Chen and Pu, 2014). The mobile application developed during this research can be the perfect solution for these problems related to existing fitness applications (Gabbiadini and Greitemeyer, 2018). This app can take the basic details of the user as input and can provide a complete list of activities that the user can complete daily to keep their body and mind fit and distant from any disease.

To identify the issues with the existing fitness application.
To propose a new application for improved fitness and mental health of the people.
To ensure the security of the personal information of the users on the application with strong security measures.

RQ: How can the mobile fitness application help users in enhancing their fitness and mental health?

The agile software development methodology is considered the most suitable methodology for software development and thus it can be used in this research for the development of Fitness applications. PHP scripting language can be used for the development of the application and white box testing can be done to ensure the proper functioning of the application. Penetration testing can also be performed to ensure the security of the application from any type of cyber intrusion.

Chen, Y. and Pu, P., 2014, April. HealthyTogether: exploring social incentives for mobile fitness applications. In Proceedings of the second international symposium of chinese chi (pp. 25-34).
Gabbiadini, A. and Greitemeyer, T., 2018. Fitness mobile apps positively affect attitudes, perceived behavioral control and physical activities. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 59(3), pp.407-414.

Promoting energy-saving activities with a mobile application

Power and water resources are extremely valuable for human lives and yet these are carelessly used by human beings. Wastage of these sources in the day-to-day activities of human beings within their homes is one of the major concerns for the authorities as they can't move from house to house to check the wastage or to make people aware of this (Nguyen, 2014). To address this issue, a mobile application is proposed in this research which can be promoting energy-saving activities within the households such as turning off the tap after use, turning off the lights after leaving the room etc. This application can be designed for children to make them aware of these activities from a young age so that they can make other people aware as well (Oppong-Tawiah et al, 2020).

To promote energy and water-saving activities.
To provide a method for educating young children about power-saving and water-saving activities from a young age.
To develop a high-quality mobile application with interactive animations.

RQ1: How can the mobile application be used for making people aware of power-saving activities?

RQ2: What impact can the power-saving application make on the rate of increased wastage of these resources?

During this research, the mobile application for promoting power-saving activities can be developed using the agile software development methodology. Under this methodology, designing, development and testing can be done in multiple phases. For usability testing of the application, participants between the age of 7 to 15 can be selected from a nearby school.

Nguyen, S.P., 2014, May. Mobile application for household energy consumption feedback using smart meters: Increasing energy awareness, encouraging energy savings and avoiding energy peaks. In 2014 International Conference on Collaboration Technologies and Systems (CTS) (pp. 291-296). IEEE.
Oppong-Tawiah, D. et al, 2020. Developing a gamified mobile application to encourage sustainable energy use in the office. Journal of Business Research, 106, pp.388-405.

Authentication system for secure vaults in banks

Banks are the most trusted place for people to keep their money, documents, jewelry and other financial elements secure from getting misused and from getting lost (Das, Jelil and Mahadeva Prasanna, 2017). But, in recent times the increased cases of robberies and other unethical accounting practices in the banks have raised a few questions about their security measures (Yang, 2019). Thus, in this research, an authentication system is proposed for the bank to keep the assets of the people secure from any event in the bank. For every locker in the bank, this system can be used to ensure that the unauthorized person can be restricted to access these valuable assets of the people.

To identify the physical security issues in the banks.
To provide an effective solution for the physical security issues of the banks these days.
To use multiple authentication measures in the system for enhanced security

RQ: How can the authentication system with multiple authentication processes help in decreasing the physical security issues in the banks?

Agile software development methodology can be preferred for the development of this authentication system in which HTML can be used for designing the interface and PHP can be used for development. The RSA encryption technique can be used for securing the information. Multiple tests can be performed during the project such as penetration tests, authentication testing etc.

Das, R.K., Jelil, S. and Mahadeva Prasanna, S.R., 2017. Development of multi-level speech based person authentication system Journal of Signal Processing Systems, 88, pp.259-271 .
Yang, G.C., 2019. Development status and prospects of graphical password authentication system in Korea. KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS), 13(11), pp.5755-5772 .

Development of ambulance booking system

This project is focused on the development of an online booking system for ambulances in any emergency. The ambulances have been helping people to reach the medical facilities in time to get their treatment (Bhonsle,et al., 2022). But, there is no such system currently available that can allow the patients or their guardians to book them online in any emergency cases or for pre-booking of ambulances for a particular date (Isong, Dladlu and Magogodi,, 2016). Thus, this system is proposed in this research to provide a simple and reliable solution for patients to book ambulances. This would help the industry in boosting its healthcare KPIs and become more efficient.

To provide a reliable solution for the booking of ambulances for patients in emergencies.
To build a secure and responsive system for booking ambulances so that users can get the response for ambulances in real-time.

RQ: How can the online system help patients in booking ambulances faster than the conventional ways?

In this research study, an online booking system for ambulances can be developed using the agile software development methodology. Java script can be used for the development of the system with some other web technologies such as HTML and CSS. The usability, Load management and Security of the system can also be tested to ensure high performance.

Bhonsle, V.S.,et al., 2022, August. Ambulance booking system using GPS. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2461, No. 1, p. 020003). AIP Publishing LLC.
Isong, B., Dladlu, N. and Magogodi, T., 2016. Mobile-based medical emergency ambulance scheduling system. Int. J. Comput. Netw. Inf. Secur, 8(11), pp.14-22 .

Garbage management system for smart cities

Smart city projects include the use of advanced technologies for monitoring every activity with the help of sensors and connected systems. But, garbage collection is a process that is often not focused more by the authorities in these projects (Ali, Irfan, Alwadie and Glowacz, 2020). Thus, in this research, a web-based system is proposed for the effective management of garbage in smart cities to help the authorities keep the city clean. This system can be connected with the sensors installed in all the major dustbins in the city to get alerts when it gets full so that the authorities can address it immediately (Nirde, Mulay and Chaskar, 2017).

To provide an effective solution for addressing garbage management issues in smart cities.
To provide a reliable system for the authorities to enhance the waste management processes.
To develop a highly responsive system with real-time alerting capabilities.

RQ: How can the smart garbage management system help the authorities in enhancing their waste management system in smart cities?

The IoT-based smart garbage management system can be developed using the agile software development methodology. The required web technologies for this development process can be React, Java Script, My SQL and HTML. Requirements can be gathered from the literature-based analysis of existing systems and also by using requirement elicitation techniques such as interviews, focus groups etc, with the IoT and IT experts.

Ali, T., Irfan, M., Alwadie, A.S. and Glowacz, A., 2020. IoT-based smart waste bin monitoring and municipal solid waste management system for smart cities. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 45, pp.10185-10198.
Nirde, K., Mulay, P.S. and Chaskar, U.M., 2017, June. IoT based solid waste management system for smart city. In 2017 international conference on intelligent computing and control systems (ICICCS) (pp. 666-669). IEEE.

Fun learning application for children: benefits and drawbacks

Visual effects, animations and games attract the children more as compared to simple texts and images on the application. In the existing learning applications for children simple texts, images and some audio are used to provide them with knowledge about new concepts. It is very boring for them and they are not able to build their interest in this type of learning. Thus, to address this issue, a fun learning 3D game is proposed in this research in which the children can be able to play simple learning games or different STEM apps and understand the concepts in a fun way. The application will have multiple levels and the levels can be decided based on the age level of the children. This game can be designed for children between the ages of 7-12.

To identify the issues in the existing learning applications.
To provide a fun way to learn for the children in which they can both play and learn.
To build a fun learning application for children with multiple levels of learning.

RQ: How can the fun learning applications keep the children more involved in learning as compared to the simple learning applications?

For the development of fun learning applications during this research, agile methodology can be used. Under this methodology, the project can be completed in multiple phases and testing can be done after every phase. The fun learning application can be designed using 3D while its development can be done using C#.

Kaminska, D.,et al, 2019. Virtual reality and its applications in education: Survey. Information, 10(10), p.318 .
Lepper, M.R. and Malone, T.W., 2021. Intrinsic motivation and instructional effectiveness in computer-based education. In Aptitude, learning, and instruction (pp. 255-286). Routledge.

Software Project Ideas

Get a list of the latest software engineering project topics. This is a compiled list of innovative software project ideas waiting to be implemented. Browse through these new topics for software projects prepared and constantly updated by our team to provide new ideas to software engineering students & engineer for learning & improving your programming.

#TrendingSoftwareProjects

All Software Projects Ideas and Topics

AI Healthcare Bot System using Python
ShareBook App Android Book Sharing Application
Travel Together – A Travel Buddy Finder System
Travel and Tourism Website using Python
Android Grocery Management App
Android Local Geofence System
Digital Scrabble Word Dictionary Game Python
Automatic Pronunciation Mistake Detector
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Prediction System
College Placement System Using Python
Medical Report Management & Distribution System on Blockchain
Biometric Student Attendance System App
Music and Shows Finder Flutter App
Timer Based Phone Silencer App
Face Recognition Attendance System for Employees using Python
Liver Cirrhosis Prediction System using Random Forest
Android Carpool Ride Sharing App
Staff Scheduling Android App
Android Smart Bus Pass App
Wheelchair Guidance & Assistance App
Multiple Disease Prediction System using Machine Learning
Online Auction System using Python
Online Voting System Project Python
Secure Persona Prediction and Data Leakage Prevention System using Python
Stroke Prediction System using Linear Regression
Toxic Comment Classification System using Deep Learning
Flutter Based Digital Classroom App for Android & iOS
Extracurricular Event Tracking System App
Flutter Based Blood Donation App
Organic Food Traceability System using Blockchain
Pharma Supply Chain System using Smart Contracts
School Security System using RFID
Contact Recognition App Using Fingerprint Sensor
Android Based Image Steganography
Android Voting System Using Face Recognition
Android TTS OCR Converter System for People with Visual Disability
Shared Office Finder System Using Flutter
Memory Card Game Flutter App
Flutter Based Bill Reminder App
Three-Level Password System Using Python
Skin Disease Detection System Using CNN
Signature Verification System Using CNN
Online Election System Using Python
Library Management System Using Python
Heart Failure Prediction System
Python Doctor Appointment Booking System
Yoga Poses Detection using OpenPose
Credit Card Fraud Detection System Python
Evidence Protection System Using Blockchain Technology
Blockchain Shipment Management Tracking System
Learning Disability Detector and Classifier System
Online Stock Photo Ecommerce Website
AI Mental Health Therapist Chatbot
Ecommerce Fake Product Reviews Monitor and Deletion System
File Transfer System using Elliptic Curve Cryptography
Smart Campus Surveillance and Guidance System
Criminal Investigation Tracker with Suspect Prediction
Distributed Dealership Network Analyzer and Sales Monitor
E Healthcare – Online Consultation And Medical Subscription
Automated College Timetable Generator
Intelligent Mobile Travel Guide Flutter App
Indoor Navigation System App using Flutter
Smart Time Table Generation Flutter App Using Genetic Algorithm
Identifying Fake Products Through A Barcode-Based Blockchain System
Recipe Recommendation from the Ingredients Flutter App
Flutter Virtual Watch Party App
Ambulance Booking System using Python
Chatbot Assistant System using Python
Child Vaccination Management System using Python
Dental Caries Detection System using Python
Movie Success Prediction System using Python
Online Complaint Registration & Management System using Python
Organ Donation System using Python
Speech Emotion Detection System using Python
Student Feedback Review System using Python
Use of Pose Estimation in Elderly People using Python
Real Estate Booking System using Smart Contracts
Trusted Crowdfunding Platform Using a Smart Contract
Android Job Portal System App
AI Chatbot App using Dialog Flow in Flutter
Body Pose Detection App using Google ML-Kit Flutter
Flutter Based Calories Tracker App
Flutter Based House Bidding Application
Flutter Medicine Tracker and Notification App
Flutter Payment Reminder App
Restaurant Employees Tip Calculator System App Flutter
Time series Anomaly Detector App using Azure Cognitive Services
YouTube Giveaway Manager App Using Flutter
Vehicle Number Plate Detection and Recognition Python
Green Screen Background Remover using OpenCV Python
Intelligent Video Surveillance Using Deep Learning System
Leaf Detection System using OpenCV Python
Music Genres Classification using KNN System
Traffic Sign Recognition System using CNN
Auto capture Selfie by Detecting Smile Python
Blockchain based Loan Management System with Smart Contracts
Blockchain Rental Property System with Smart Contracts
Personal Goal Tracking App using Flutter
Stay Safe Security App With Scream Alert
Android Hostel Management System App
Android Investment Tracker App
Anti-Money Laundering System using Blockchain
Blockchain-based Transaction and Settlement System
Blockchain based Cloud File Sharing System
Blockchain based Cross Border Payment System
Blockchain based Merchant Payment System
Organization Finance Tracking System using Blockchain
Blockchain based Personal Identity Security System
Face Recognition Attendance System using Python
Human Detector and Counter using Python
Pneumonia Detection using Chest X-Ray
Music Recommendation System by Facial Emotion
Parkinson’s Detector System using Python
Website Vulnerability Scanning System
Lost Item Tracker App
Periodic Bell & Timetable Reminder App
Flutter based SMS Scheduler App
Teacher Tracking System Flutter
Train Food Ordering App
Vehicle Maintenance and Mileage Tracker App
Event Registration System with QR Code
Flutter based Music Player App
Flutter based Online Auction App
Flutter Based Online Helpdesk System
Bone Fracture Detection using Python
Cryptocurrency price prediction using Machine Learning Python
Depression Detection System using Python
Car Lane Detection Using NumPy OpenCV Python
Sign Language Recognition Using Python
Signature verification System using Python
Blockchain Tender/Contract Management System in Python
Flutter based Interview Preparation App
Digital Fare Meter App for Drivers Based on Flutter
Driver Drowsiness Detection System Using Python
Flutter Based Barter Trading System App
Money Management App for Expense Planning Flutter
Predicting House Price Using Decision Tree
Blockchain based Disk Space Rental System
Blockchain Based Crowdfunding Platform
Blockchain Based Antiques Verification System
Elevator Saga: Fun Game Flutter App
Detecting Brain Tumors and Alzheimer’s Using Python
Hangman Game: Vocabulary Building Flutter App
Secure File Access System Android App
Electronics Ecommerce Website Python
Brain Tumor and Alzheimer’s Detection Flutter App
Android Phone Hardware Tester App
Text Translation App Using Google API
AI-Based Picture Translation App
Android File Finder and Sorting App
EV Charging Station Finder and Slot Booking Flutter
Mental Health Check app using NLP Flutter
Spy Camera Android App
Python Image Forgery Detection using MD5 OpenCV
Bank Beacon Android App
Android Heart Disease Prediction App
Android Geofencing App for COVID Quarantine
Online Nursery Plant Shopping Website Python
Knee Osteoarthritis Detection & Severity Prediction
Space Shooter Combat Game Python
Online PDF to Text Converter & Language Translator Python
Herb & Grocery Shopping Android App
Dementia Virtual Memory App
Android Messenger App
Barbershop Service Booking App
Fitness App With Workout Diet & Motivation
Three Level Image Password Authentication
Students Grievance Redressal Cell Python
Emergency Ambulance Booking App
Waste Food Management & Donation App
Doctor Appointment Booking & Live Chat App
Veterinary Appointment Scheduling App Flutter
Online Fuel Delivery Flutter App
Real Time Global Weather Monitoring App Flutter
Property Registration Management System using Blockchain
Patient Data Management System using Blockchain
Electronic Voting System using Blockchain
Loyalty Points Exchange System using Blockchain
NGO Management System using Blockchain
Online Fashion Stylist Website
Android Blood Donation & Blood Bank Finder
Online Driver Hiring Android App
Retail Store Inventory & POS Checkout App
Gym Trainer & Progress Tracker App
Accident Detection & Alert Android App
Android Personal Safety App
Android College Connect Chat App
Tour Recommender App Using Collaborative Filtering
Android Task Monitoring
Online Mobile Recharge Portal Project
Detecting E Banking Phishing Websites Using Associative Classification
Vehicle Tracking Using Driver Mobile Gps Tracking
Sentiment Analysis for Product Rating
Fingerprint Based ATM System
Image Encryption Using AES Algorithm
Image Encryption Using Triple DES
Extended AES with Custom Configurable Encryption
E Commerce Product Rating Based On Customer Review Mining
Image Steganography With 3 Way Encryption
Canteen Automation System
Engineering College Automation and Scheduling System
Fingerprint Voting System Project
Employee Hourly Attendance By Barcode Scan
Weather Forecasting Using Data Mining
User Web Access Records Mining For Business Intelligence
Railway Tracking and Arrival Time Prediction
Android Local Train Ticketing Project
Android Patient Tracker
Opinion Mining For Restaurant Reviews
Website Evaluation Using Opinion Mining
Opinion Mining For Comment Sentiment Analysis
Movie Success Prediction Using Data Mining
Android Customer Relationship Management System
Android Employee Tracker
Monitoring Suspicious Discussions On Online Forums Using Data Mining
Android – PC Chatting & Image Sharing System
Fake Product Review Monitoring And Removal For Genuine Online Product Reviews Using Opinion Mining
Web Data Mining To Detect Online Spread Of Terrorism
Opinion Mining For Social Networking Site
Biomedical Data Mining For Web Page Relevance Checking
Data Mining For Automated Personality Classification
Real Estate Search Based On Data Mining
Automated Payroll With GPS Tracking And Image Capture
Unique User Identification Across Multiple Social Networks
College Enquiry Chat Bot
Bikers Portal
Secure Electronic Fund Transfer Over Internet Using DES
Sentiment Based Movie Rating System
Advanced Reliable Real Estate Portal
Diagnostic Centre Client Coordination System
Improved Data Leakage Detection
Online Herbs Shopping Project
Sending a secure message over a network to a remote site
Online Diagnostic Lab Reporting System
Online Loan Application & Verification System
Multi Website Advertisement Handling System
Secure Data Transfer Over Internet Using Image Steganography
Airport Network Flight Scheduler
Image Encryption For Secure Internet Transfer
Public Photography Contest With Live Voting
Intelligent PC Location Tracking System
Secure Remote Communication Using DES Algorithm
Remote Java 2 Dotnet Communication Application
Internet Based Live Courier Tracking And Delivery System
Active Chat Monitoring and Suspicious Chat Detection over Internet
Credit Card Fraud Detection
Remote User Recognition And Access Provision
AI Multi Agent Shopping System
Wireless Indoor Positioning System
Web Content Trust Rating Prediction Using Evidence Theory
Topic Detection Using Keyword Clustering
An Adaptive Social Media Recommendation System
Tab Based Library Book Availability & Location Finder On Wifi
Web Mining For Suspicious Keyword Prominence
Web Agent For Learning Content Updating
PC Configuration Retrieval System on Online Server
Web Server Log Analysis System
Customer Behaviour Prediction Using Web Usage Mining
Web Server to Client communication for web usage data analysis
Network Based Stock Price System
Matrimonial Portal Project
On Demand Remote PC Monitoring system Through Internet
Online AI Shopping With M-Wallet System
Military Access Using Card Scanning With OTP
Secure ATM Using Card Scanning Plus OTP
Secure Lab Access Using Card Scanner Plus Face Recognition
Webpage Ranking Search Engine With Seo Suggester
Detect Irregular moving objects and tracking based on color and shape in real-time
Camera Motion Sensing Project
Collective Face Detection Project
College automation project
Online Election System Project
Automated Attendance System
Mobile Attendance System Project
WiFi Shopping Guide Project
Cursor Movement By Hand Gesture Project
Mobile Quiz Through WiFi Project
The Cibil System Project

This list is constantly updated every week with new software project ideas. So each time you visit this page you get a whole new variety of software ideas to be implemented. Software engineering project ideas must be constantly updated every year as per evolving technology. We are here to help you at this point, we update this page with innovative software based project ideas to be used by engineering students as their final year projects.

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What does a software developer do ?

By Michael Feder

This article has been vetted by University of Phoenix's editorial advisory committee. Read more about our editorial process.

Reviewed by Kathryn Uhles, MIS, MSP, Dean, College of Business and IT

Let’s explore the world of software development, including the types of software developers, their duties and where they work. We’ll also touch on how University of Phoenix can help you jump-start your software development career, whether you’re coming from a different industry or simply want to enhance your skills.

Prepare for an IT career — and have the freedom to learn when you want online, 24/7/365.

Types of software developers

Software development is a diverse field. Depending on your unique interests, you may decide to focus on one or more specific types of development. These can include the following niches:

Application developer

Application software developers build computer and mobile applications like games and productivity software for consumers. They may build custom software for a business or nonprofit, or they might create commercial software available to the general public.

Systems software developer

While application developers create individual programs, systems software developers create operating systems for the public or organizations. (Windows, Linux and MacOS are examples of operating systems.) The systems keep computers up and running and control most electronics we use daily. Software developers design, write and build software and applications that allow you to interact with computers and mobile devices.

What are the job duties of a software developer?

Software developers’ daily job duties can vary depending on the industries in which they work and the programs they develop, among other factors. That said, many software developers have the following job duties :

Analyze the needs of users and develop applications or software
Recommend upgrades for existing programs and systems
Design pieces of applications and systems to work together
Create models and diagrams that show programmers which code is necessary for specific apps
Ensure programs function normally through testing and maintenance
Document background and development of application or software code for future reference

We spoke with J.L. Graff, MBA, associate dean of UOPX’s College of Business and Information Technology, to get a better idea about what a software developer does:

J.L. Graff, MBA Associate Dean, College of Business and Information Technology

“Software developers work in myriad industries, and while the main responsibilities include designing, developing and maintaining software applications, the business needs differ. If you work in healthcare, you may create applications for health records and medical imaging. If you work in the automotive industry, you can work on software for connected car services or autonomous driving. If you are working in IT, you may find yourself developing software for agile methodologies or cloud computing.”

Skills needed for software developers

Like any job, software development requires a healthy mixture of hard and soft skills. Mastering the following can help bolster your knowledge and experience:

Hard skills

Hard skills are specific, teachable abilities that are often clear-cut and measurable. Most people gain these through education, training programs, certifications or on-the-job training. Most hard skills relate to specific tasks and job descriptions.

Software developers need to have a strong grasp of the following:

Programming languages: Knowledge of multiple programming languages , including Python, Java, C++ and JavaScript, is essential.
Database management: Software developers need to understand database concepts, including SQL and MySQL.
Version control systems: Software developers use version control systems, like Git, to track changes within the codebase. Knowing how to revert or advance changes is critical.
Data structures and algorithms: Developers must know how different data structures work and how to use them efficiently. They must also possess a strong knowledge of algorithmic techniques.
Web development: As more software platforms move online, developers should have a strong understanding of different front-end and back-end web development frameworks.
Software testing and debugging: As a developer, you’ll need to write test cases and use debugging skills to make sure your software works as expected.
Operating systems: Developers need a basic understanding of the different operating systems that their programs run on.

Soft skills

Soft skills describe the interpersonal skills that help you work both individually and as a team. They also detail how well you handle workplace challenges and stressors. Common soft skills that help software developers thrive are:

Communication: Software developers brainstorm with colleagues, describe problems and solutions during development, and convey key metrics and possibilities to stakeholders who may not know industry jargon.
Teamwork: Much of software development happens in agile development environments, so being able to collaborate is important.
Time management: Software developers often work on multiple projects simultaneously and must prioritize their tasks.
Adaptability: Technology changes rapidly. Developers need to quickly adapt to updates or at least be willing to learn.
Critical thinking: Software developers need to know how to analyze problems and make sound decisions that benefit their projects.
Patience: Debugging requires patience, especially if the solution to a problem isn’t immediately apparent.

Careers in software development

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the anticipated future growth of software development – a projection of 25% between 2022 and 2032 – makes it an attractive field for technically minded individuals with a strong attention to detail.

Salaries for software developers have historically been competitive. In May 2022, software developers earned from $71,280 to $198,100 a year, according to BLS.

While the vast majority of software developers work for software publishers and computer systems companies, it’s possible to find software development jobs at finance firms, insurers, manufacturers and healthcare companies.

BLS Occupational Employment Projections, 2022-2032 is published by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. This data reflects BLS’ projections of national (not local) conditions. These data points are not specific to University of Phoenix students or graduates.

Salary ranges are not specific to students or graduates of University of Phoenix. Actual outcomes vary based on multiple factors, including prior work experience, geographic location and other factors specific to the individual. University of Phoenix does not guarantee employment, salary level or career advancement. BLS data is geographically based. Information for a specific state/city can be researched on the BLS website.

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Bird's eye view of laptop and a cup of black coffee

Key differences between software developers, software engineers and programmers

How to become a software developer .

There are many reasons you may want to pursue a career in software development. Graff points out: “As a software developer, you are in a high-demand field with the flexibility to explore various industries that pique your interest. You have the opportunity to enjoy flexible work hours and the option to work remotely. Witnessing tangible outcomes derived from your creativity and problem-solving skills can be a rewarding experience.”

To become a software developer , you’ll likely follow these steps:

1. Determine what kind of development you want to focus on , whether that’s mobile applications, desktop software or web development. Becoming an application developer may be a good step if that area interests you.

2. Pursue a degree or certification. Many developers start their career with a bachelor’s degree in computer science . Others transition to a software development career by earning certificates .

3. Apply for and participate in internships. Internships provide valuable networking opportunities, on-the-job experience and projects for your portfolio.

4. Apply for your first job. With appropriate experience, networking knowledge and projects in hand, you can find your first job. In some cases, your internship might lead directly to a paid, full-time opportunity.

Software development at University of Phoenix

Becoming a software developer can be a rewarding career for tech-minded people who love to create and who pay attention to detail. Software development work is a parade of problem-solving, critical thinking and technical work.

Pursuing a Bachelor of Science in Computer Science at University of Phoenix is an excellent way to hone your skills in programming, networking and AI (among others) and gain the knowledge that can make a career in software development possible.

Here’s what you can learn:

Application development
Troubleshooting
Programming
Data security
Software design

If software development is your calling, you can specialize your bachelor’s degree in computer science with an Advanced Software Developer Certificate , which further develops programming, software engineering and IT architecture skills. During this program, you’ll learn to design and implement software solutions, for example, and study multiple programming languages.

Request information on this and many other online programs today .

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

A graduate of Johns Hopkins University and its Writing Seminars program and winner of the Stephen A. Dixon Literary Prize, Michael Feder brings an eye for detail and a passion for research to every article he writes. His academic and professional background includes experience in marketing, content development, script writing and SEO. Today, he works as a multimedia specialist at University of Phoenix where he covers a variety of topics ranging from healthcare to IT.

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Software development work is a parade of problem-solving, critical thinking and technical work. Pursuing a Bachelor of Science in Computer Science at University of Phoenix is an excellent way to hone your skills in programming, networking and AI (among others) and gain the knowledge that can make a career in software development possible.

Top 10 Software Engineer Research Topics for 2024

What are Software Engineer Research Topics?

Top Software Engineer Research Topics

2. Natural Language Processing

3. Applications of Data Mining in Software Engineering

4. Data Modeling

5. Verification and Validation

6. Software Project Management

7. Software Quality

8. Ontology

9. Software Models

Why is Software Engineering Required?

2. Scalability

3. Large Software

4. Dynamic Nature

5. Better Quality Management

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Eshaan Pandey

Upcoming Programming Batches & Dates

23 Exciting Software Development Project Ideas & Topics for Beginners [updated 2024]

Why are Software Development Projects Important?

Innovation and Advancement

Business Growth and Competitiveness

Efficiency and Automation

Data Management and Analysis

Improved Customer Experience

Global Connectivity

Research and Scientific Advancement

Healthcare and Medicine

Entertainment and Media

Social Impact

Customization and Flexibility

Security and Privacy

Economic Growth

How to Develop a Software Project Topics?

Domains of Software Development that Programmers Can Explore

Software Development Project Ideas

1. Android task monitoring

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2. Sentiment analysis for product rating

3. Fingerprint-based ATM system

Importance of having a Fingerprint-based ATM system

In-Demand Software Development Skills

4. Advanced employee management system

5. Image encryption using AES algorithm

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6. Fingerprint voting system

7. Weather forecasting system

8. Android local train ticketing system

9. Railway tracking and arrival time prediction system

10. Android Patient Tracker

11. Opinion mining for social networking platforms

12. Automated payroll system with GPS tracking and image capture

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14. Credit card fraud detection

15. AI shopping system

16. Camera motion sensor system

17. Bug tracker

18. e-Learning platform

19. Smart health prediction system

20. Software piracy protection system

21. Face Detector

22. Voice Recognition

23. Chatbots

24. Organization Administrative Software

25. Appointment Management Software

26. Stock Market Tracker

27. E-Parking Challan Generation System

28. Password Manager

Why is Project-based Learning Effective?

Technical Skills Acquired Through Software Development Projects

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